Development of Draft the River Basin Management Plan for Khrami-Debeda River Basin

European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+)

Results 2 and 3

DEVELOPMENT OF DRAFT THE RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR KHRAMI-DEBEDA RIVER BASIN

CONSULTATION ON THE PROGRAMME OF MEASURES

REPORT

1 October 2020

Beneficiaries Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia (MEPA) Responsible EU member state consortium project leader Mr Alexander Zinke, Umweltbundesamt GmbH (AT) EUWI+ country representative in Georgia

Zurab Jincharadze Responsible international thematic lead expert

Yannick Pochon; Office International de l’Eau (FR) Responsible Georgian thematic lead expert

Mariam Makarova, MEPA Author

Keti Jibladze, the Regional Environmental Centre for the Caucasus

Disclaimer: The EU-funded programme European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+) is implemented by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the Organisation for Eco- nomic Co-operation and Development (OECD), both responsible for the implementation of Result 1, and an EU member state consortium comprising the Environment Agency Austria (UBA, Austria), the lead coordinator, and the International Office for Water (OiEau, France), both responsible for the implementation of Results 2 and 3. The programme is co-funded by Austria and France through the Austrian Development Agency and the French Artois-Picardie Water Agency. This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union or the governments of the Eastern Partnership Countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of, or sovereignty over, any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries, and to the name of any territory, city or area.

Imprint

Owner and Editor: EU Member State Consortium Office International de’l Eau (OiEau) 21/23 rue de Madrid 75008 Paris, FRANCE Responsible OiEau Communication officer: Chloe Dechelette [email protected]

October 2020

Second Consultation Meeting for Khrami-Debeda River Basin Managent Plan

CONTENTS

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 7 2 CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 8 2.1 General context ...... 8 2.1.1 Access to information ...... 8 2.1.2 Public participation ...... 8 2.2 Objectives of public consultation for Khrami-Debeda river basin ...... 9 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ...... 10 3.1 Summary of the meeting...... 10 3.1.1 First session on Programme of Measures ...... 10 3.1.2 Second session on Economic Analysis of the Programme of Measures ...... 10 3.1.3 Questions raised...... 11 3.2 Social media and press coverage ...... 11 4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION THROUGH QUESTIONNAIRES ...... 14 4.1 Preparation and dissemination ...... 14 4.2 Main outcomes of the questionnaire analysis ...... 14 5 LESSONS LEARNT FROM THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION PROCESS ...... 16 6 public INFORMATION CAMPAIGN...... 17 6.1 Objectives, material and dissemination channels ...... 17 6.2 Outcomes and lessons learnt ...... 18 7 ANNEXES ...... 19 7.1 Table “comments to the draft RBMP” ...... 20 7.2 Agenda...... 20 7.3 List of participants ...... 22 7.4 Questionnaire ...... 28

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Abbreviations ADA ...... Austrian Development Agency DG NEAR ...... Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations of the European Commission EaP ...... Eastern Partnership EC ...... European Commission EMBLAS ...... Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea ESCS ...... Ecological Status Classification Systems EU ...... European Union EU-MS ...... EU-Member States EUWI+ ...... European Union Water Initiative Plus FD ...... Floods Directive GEF ...... Global Environmental Fund IOWater/OIEau .... International Office for Water, France IWRM ...... Integrated Water Resources Management MSFD ...... Marine Strategy Framework Directive NESB ...... National Executive Steering Board NFP ...... National Focal Point NGOs ...... Non-Governmental Organisations NPD ...... National Policy Dialogue OECD ...... Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development RBC ...... River Basin Council RBD ...... River Basin District RBMP ...... River Basin Management Plan RBO ...... River Basin Organisation ROM ...... Result Oriented Monitoring SCM ...... Steering Committee Meeting (of the EU Action EUWI+) SEIS ...... Shared environmental information system TA ...... Technical Assistance ToR ...... Terms of References UBA ...... Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Environment Agency Austria UNDP ...... United Nations Development Programme UNECE ...... United Nations Economic Commission for Europe WISE ...... Water Information System for Europe WFD ...... Water Framework Directive

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Country Specific Abbreviations Georgia GA ...... Georgian Amelioration MEPA ...... Ministry of Environment Protection and Agriculture NEA ...... National Environment Agency UWSCG ...... United Water Supply Company of Georgia

Second Consultation Meeting for Alazani-Iori River Basin Management Plan

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report gives the main conclusions of the second public consultation process (programme of measures) for the Khrami-Debeda River Basin Management Plan (RBMP) carried out in the Khrami-Debeda river basin district from 7 July to 24 August 2020. This report includes feedback received from meetings and questionnaires, as well as the results of the information campaign carried out during this second consultation phase on the programme of measures. 27 opinions on water management were expressed by stakeholders and the public through questionnaires and online meetings. REC Caucasus Georgia, the local consultant for the EUWI+ project, conducted the consultation process and analysed the feedback received. The results of the consultation should be taken into account in the final Khrami-Debeda RBMP and during its implementation phase from 2021 to 2026. Due to the COVID-19, priority was given to online consultation (online questionnaire and mailing campaign). Physical meetings with regional authorities could not be organised in line with the health protocol required by the Georgian government at that time. Therefore, the public consultation meeting with the key stakeholders of Khrami-Debeda RBMP was held online.

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2 CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

2.1 General context

According to EU WFD requirements, and particularly Article 14, all stakeholders, for example NGOs, local communities and water supply companies, should be involved in discussions leading to the formulation of the river basin management plan (RBMP) during its three phases of development: timetable and work programme, main issues, draft RBMP and programme of measures. The action required and targeted public differ, and range from public information to active public participation. Georgia signed an Association Agreement with the EU that entered into force in July 2016. Its roadmap anticipates moving closer to EU acquis, including in water management. In the framework of the EUWI+ project, Georgia has developed two pilot RBMPs, aligning development practices with the methodologies of the EU WFD, where a participatory approach plays an important role in the RBMP development process. Such an approach has also been implemented for both pilot RBMPs in Georgia. Concerning public information more specifically, Georgia is party to the Aarhus Convention (that came into force in 2001), one of the main international legal instruments to promote and implement citizens’ right to access environmental information. 2.1.1 Access to information

The legal basis for access to information in Georgia is a constitutionally guaranteed right, further elaborated by the General Administrative Code of Georgia in its Article 10-1: “Everyone shall have access to the public information available at the administrative body, and receive copies, unless the information contains state, professional, or commercial secrets or personal data.”1 The main holders of environmental information and water information in Georgia are the MEPA and the Ministry of Health, and relevant state bodies in the water sector such as the National Environmental Agency (NEA). NGOs collect and disseminate this information, providing access to more comprehensive information for the public: Aarhus Centre and its regional offices in the country, The Centre for Strategic Re- search and Development (CENN) of Georgia, Green Alternative and the Regional Environmental Centre (REC) Caucasus in Georgia, the latter with a focus on water management, and the Environmental Infor- mation and Education Centre (EIEC). 2.1.2 Public participation

The legal basis for public participation in Georgia can be found in the Law on Environmental Impact Permit which guarantees the public’s right to participate in environmental decision-making on projects including at strategic levels. However, the law is vague on what constitutes public participation. Usually, a procedure of public hearings is used, in which comments are solicited once the final plan or strategy has been developed at the ministries. More formal procedures and institutional mechanisms for conducting public participation processes at earlier stages are gradually developing in the country. Concerning public participation in water management, as there is currently no approved RBMP in Georgia, an official consultation and approval process has not been implemented to date. During recent years, work has continued on developing a draft New Water Law the provisions of which aim to approx- imate with EU acquis, including the Water Framework Directive. The ongoing revision of Georgia’s water

1 Accessible in English (December 2019 version) here: https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/16270?publication=33

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law will have very significant impacts on how water management is organised, including on how RBMP are developed, taking into account public participation.

2.2 Objectives of public consultation for Khrami-Debeda river basin

The objectives of public consultation for the development of Khrami-Debeda River Basin Management Plan draft version are as follows: 1. To involve as much as possible representatives from civil society and local stakeholders in the RBMP discussion process during its drafting stage. 2. To inform the public about the RBMP, and more generally about water management and water status in the river basin.

The final draft of the RBMP elaborated in the framework of the EUWI+ project will then go through an official adoption procedure, led by the MEPA and all concerned ministries.

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3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING

3.1 Summary of the meeting

The second consultation meeting on Khrami-Debeda RBMP in Georgia gathered 27 participants including representatives of beneficiary institutions, regional and local authorities, NGOs, main contractors in Georgia for RBMP development, and EUWI+East representatives (Annex 1 – List of Participants). The second thematic summary of the current findings on environmental objectives and programme of measures was prepared and a Khrami-Debeda factsheet was updated for the meeting. https://www.eu- wipluseast.eu/en/partners-countries-activities-georgia/georgia-activities/public-consultation-5 After welcoming speeches by Mr Zurab Jincharadze, EUWI+ country representative in Georgia, Ms Maia Javakhishvili and Ms Marina Makarova, representatives of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture in Georgia, and Mr Yannick Pochon, EUWI + for Eastern Partnership/International Office of Water, an introduction of the participants took place, followed by a presentation of the agenda by Mr Zurab Jincharadze. Mr Jincharadze also gave a short presentation of the frame of the EUWI+ East project as regards the RBMP development under components 2 and 3 of the project in Georgia, and the participatory and consultation approaches applied by the project. After the overview of the project’s implementation history, Ms Chloe Dechelette gave a brief presentation covering the main actions taken in the project’s communication campaign. Particular attention was given to taking part in the consultation process for Khrami- Debeda River Basin, with explanations regarding the dedicated webpage and the questionnaire to be filled in by participants: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc-Y0rnQw- tEWp20QF5qzKQWarBXcFnQsJ5fY8sUt5BCb4hl0g/viewform 3.1.1 First session on Programme of Measures

The first session featured a presentation of the Programme of Measures of the Khrami-Debeda River Basin Management plan, delivered by Ms Maia Zumbulidze and covering the following topics: - Main objectives of Khrami-Debeda RBMP. - Anthropogenic factors and human activity pressures. - Risk assessment. - Environmental objectives. - Programme of Measures. 3.1.2 Second session on Economic Analysis of the Programme of Measures

The next presentation, by Ms Mariam Chachava, was on an Economic Analysis of the Programme of Measures, which analyses the expected costs of the envisaged measures. Ms Chachava covered the following topics: - Investment costs of the basic measures. - Operation and maintenance costs of the basic measures. - Indirect economic and environmental costs. - Investment cost of supplementary measures. - Affordability analysis. - Tariffs. - Funding sources.

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3.1.3 Questions raised

Marina Makarova, Head of Water Division at MEPA, had a question regarding the location of the new hydrological and underground monitoring stations, and asked how many of them were planned to be in Alazani-Iori and how many in Khrami – Debeda River Basins. Another question from Ms Makarova was related to cooperation with the Kura 2 projet, which also envisages installation of underground monitoring stations. Mr Jincharadze replied that the EUWI+ project definitely cooperated with the Kura 2 project and that the installation of underground monitoring stations is coordinated between the projects. As for the locations of hydrometeorological stations, 5 automatic stations will be installed in Khrami-Debeda River Basin and 7 in Alazani-Iori (4 on Alazani, 3 on Iori). Regarding underground monitoring stations, Mr Jin- charadze explained that the plan was to install them mainly in Alazani-Iori RB, with only a few in Khrami- Debeda RB.

Ekaterina Sanadze, representative of MEPA, has two questions. The first one concerned which indicators the hydrological stations will measure and what they will be used for, and the second was related to the key challenges of the consultation campaign. Ms Dechelette explained that many people do not know what an RBMP is and are not aware of the whole process, so the first challenge is to provide them with relevant information. The main issues raised in previous consultations showed what people were mostly concerned about, and included, water quality (point and diffuse source water pollution), illegal dumpsites, and the future role of basin councils and municipalities. Another question, raised by Ekaterine Sanadze, was related to the future plans of the project and whether the practical implementation of any proposed measures was envisaged. Ms Zumbulidze explained that while the PoM is a plan of measures for implementation. It does not mean that they will all will be implemented by one party. The majority of the proposed measures are already in the pipelines of different relative agencies and some budgets have already been allocated.

3.2 Social media and press coverage

Printed Media:

IPN https://www.interpressnews.ge/ka/article/621546-xrami-debedas-mdinareta-auzis-martvis-gegmis- meore-sajaro-ganxilva-gaimarta?fbclid=IwAR3bd_uqxTnpoqbcWtp- FuehsRXUvuyXW4ZU21yJYZlNwByryrns21vig6ug

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GHN https://ghn.ge/news/251672-khrami-debedas-mdinareta-auzis-martvis-gegmis-meore-sajaro-gankhilva- gaimarta?fbclid=IwAR1zP_2Bgm22Xvu9oKvQ_3JKwwcHGfw9JviKOOgJGFw8JGZC2cxNFCWaR- QAhttps://ghn.ge/news/251672-khrami-debedas-mdinareta-auzis-martvis-gegmis-meore-sajaro- gankhilva- gaimarta?fbclid=IwAR1zP_2Bgm22Xvu9oKvQ_3JKwwcHGfw9JviKOOgJGFw8JGZC2cxNFCWaRQA

Kvira http://kvira.ge/599234?fbclid=IwAR2Tl3- D56PwHFyxB3KgtXjxqrv_AlnBYGJeMI8wfcL22gDsXGRw9RMZ8Fw

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13 Second Consultation Meeting for Khrami-debeda River Basin Management Plan

4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION THROUGH QUESTIONNAIRES

The full questionnaire analysis is available in Appendix 1 (separate document on the EUWI+ website) 4.1 Preparation and dissemination

A consultation questionnaire was developed to collect broader public opinions on the programme of measures proposed by the RBMP. The questionnaire was prepared with the help of RBMP experts. The questionnaire was available in a PDF version (in English and Georgian) to be printed and sent back to REC Caucasus, and an online version was also created.

The questionnaires were disseminated through the official website of the Environmental Information and Education Centre of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia, the official website of EUWI+, and the social networks of the REC Caucasus. Moreover, the questionnaires were distributed to all the participants of the second public consultation meeting for Khrami-Debeda RBMP, held online on 22 September 2020.

4.2 Main outcomes of the questionnaire analysis

A total of 15 questionnaires were filled in and are analysed in the Appendix 1 to the present report.

The sociological profile of the respondents featured a majority of men (67%), aged 25-35 (47%) and working at state agencies or local authorities (80%).

73% of the respondents - 11 people - agree with the measures proposed in the draft river basin management plan. The other 27% partially agree. No respondents answered “not really“ or “not at all“ to the question “Do you agree with the proposed measures?“

The following three main issues have been identified in the river basin according to respondents’ concerns: the first is the deterioration of water quality from urban pressures (28% of answers), then comes deterioration of water quality from agriculture (25%) and the third is improvement of water governance for integrated water resources management (22%). Concerning the priority given to each measure proposed for each issue, the full questionnaire analysis is available in Appendix 1.

High priority was given by a vast majority of respondents (more than 70%) to measures such as:  Construction of a new wastewater treatment plan (80%) to prevent the deterioration of water quality from point source pollution (urban pressures: discharge of untreated wastewaters, disposal of solid waste onto river banks).  Construction/rehabilitation of the wastewater network (73.3%) to prevent the deterioration of water quality from point source pollution (urban pressures: discharge of untreated wastewaters, disposal of solid waste onto river banks).  Environmental inspection controls on wastewater discharges into the rivers (73.3%).  Guidance for industries on reducing the use of hazardous raw materials along with development of case studies (73.3%).  Control of usage of dangerous substances (80%).

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 Rehabilitation of the main canal, collectors and engineering works of the irrigation systems in the Khrami-Debeda river basin (73.3%).  Research to assess current and possible climate change impacts on water resources (73.3%).  Adoption of a Water Law (73.3%).  Strengthening of national and regional inspection of environmental supervision (73.3%).  Strengthening of the hydrological monitoring system (73.3%).

On the contrary, the lowest priority was given to the following measures (13.3%):  Investigation studies for the elimination of historical pollution (13.3%).  Avoidance of livestock grazing in water protection strips by providing alternative zones (13.3%).

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5 LESSONS LEARNT FROM THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION PROCESS

This second public consultation process for the draft Khrami-Debeda RBMP was marked by the COVID situation in Georgia, to a greater extent than for the Alazani-Iori, since it was not possible to organise a physical consultation meeting, which was instead held through the online platform ZOOM. For the future consultation process in Georgia, it is important to note that special attention should be given to these consultation meetings, since they provide an occasion to raise awareness, improve knowledge on water issues, and answer questions directly. They are a good way to share viewpoints, bring water experts together with the local and regional authorities that will be responsible for the implementation of the RBMP, and to break down barriers, clear up misunderstandings and share views. If time and resources allow, it would be a good idea to organise more consultation meetings in smaller groups, which allows for more honest and relaxed discussions, and thus generates feedback that closely reflects what groups and people think about water issues, the measures, and the RBMP in general. It would also be beneficial to carry out more awareness-raising action with different groups of the public that are not direct stakeholders or members of the water sector (schoolchildren, families, young people, etc.).

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6 PUBLIC INFORMATION CAMPAIGN

6.1 Objectives, material and dissemination channels

The objective was to provide more comprehensive information material on the RBMP for the public and to arouse interest in public consultation. The following material was prepared: - A general factsheet about the main issues and measures of the Khrami-Debeda RBMP

- A series of quizzes relating general information on the river basin was published on the REC Fa- cebook page

- A series of infographics, summarising the main outputs of each chapter of the RBMP are being developed and will be disseminated, as well as a cartoon summarising the main issues and measures in the Khrami-Debeda RBMP.

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Dissemination channels are: • EIEC website • RECC website and FB • EUWI+ website and FB

6.2 Outcomes and lessons learnt

This first attempt at producing more wide-ranging communication material on the RBMP faced some challenges, such as the difficulty to produce clear, jargon-free material for the wider public. In order to elaborate such documents in the future, the cooperation between water and communication experts should be rein- forced. The timeline to prepare and disseminate the material was also a little bit short. This process could gain in efficiency if started earlier in the RBMP development process. Concerning the dissemination channels: the involvement of local, regional and national authorities to relay the main messages is key for the success of such campaigns and should be fostered.

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7 ANNEXES

7.1 Table “comments to the draft RBMP”

7.2 Agenda

Agenda of the Second Consultation Meeting with Stakeholders: Development of Draft River Basin Management Plan for Khrami-Debeda River Basin Online Meeting September 22, 2020

TIME AGENDA ITEM SPEAKERS

10:00–10:20 Opening Remarks Maia Javakhishvili, Deputy Head  Welcoming speech Department of Environment and  Introduction of participants (name, institution, expectations) Climate Change, MEPA;

Mariam Makarova Head of Water Division, Department of Environ- ment and Climate Change, MEPA; Yanick Pochon

All participants

10:20–10:50 Introduction of the meeting  Presentation of the objectives and agenda of the meeting

 Presentation of the cooperation project history and main results  Presentation of the communication campaign of the project Zurab Jincharadze Chloe Dechelette

10:50–11:40 Presentation of Programme of Measures  Presentation of the Programme of Measures proposed by the Khrami-Debeda River Basin Management Maia Zumbulidze Plan  Presentation of an Economic Analysis of the Programme of Measures proposed by the Khrami-Debeda Mariam Chachava River Basin Management Plan

11:40–12:00 Discussion All participants

12:00-12:10 Questionnaire to be filled in All participants Link: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSewQ45QSldrhOjKXKsykPd8O3XZoZpbT2fMDlGiyd- HD8njZg/viewform

12:10–12:20 Closing the meeting Zurab Jincharadze  Conclusion Sophiko Akhobadze

7.3 List of participants

SECOND CONSULTATION MEETING WITH STAKEHOLDERS ON KHRAMI-DEBEDA RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN ** 22 SEPTEMBER 2020

Gender Contact Information (e-mail, phone) (M/F) Name Organisation, position საკონტაქტო ინფორმაცია (ელ.ფოსტა, ტელეფონის N სქესი ნომერი) სახელი და გვარი (ქ /კ ) ორგანიზაცია, პოზიცია

Head of the Department of Environment and Climate Tel: +995 595 199 745 1. Ms Maia Javakhishvili F Change, MEPA [email protected]

Head of Water Division, Department of Environment Tel: +995 595 119 704 2. Ms Mariam Makarova F and Climate Change, MEPA [email protected]

Head of the Hydro-melioration and Land Tel: +995 599 069 912 3. Mr Gizo Chelidze M Management Department, MEPA [email protected]

4. Ms Eka Sanadze F

Senior Specialist at Department of Environmental Tel: +995 591 119 539 5. Mr Giorgi Mamukadze M Assessment, MEPA [email protected]

Head of Environmental Pollution Monitoring Department, Tel: +995 599 699 603 6. Ms Marina Arabidze F National Environmental Agency [email protected]

Tel: +995 591 404 031 7. Mr Merab Gaprindashvili M Head of Department of Geology, NEA [email protected]

Head of the Division at Hydrometeorology Tel: ++995 599 525 178 8. Mr Iosen Kinkladze M Department, NEA [email protected]

Head of Analysis and Planning Division at the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development Tel: +995 599 986 266 9. Ms Elene Goksadze F of Georgia [email protected]

Deputy Director of Environmental Information and Tel: +995 577 772 686 10. Ms Ekaterine Bendeliani F Education Centre [email protected]

Head of Water Use and Environment Protection Tel: +995 599 704 028 11. Mr Baadur Ukleba M Division, LTD “Georgian Amelioration” [email protected]

United Water Supply Company of Georgia, Kvemo Tel: +995 577 380 052 12. Mr Kakhaber Chogovadze M Kartli Region Branch Office [email protected]

Head of Kvemo Kartli Region Service Center, Tel: +995 599 559 496 13. Mr Davit Kikolashvili M Georgian Amelioration [email protected]

Tel: +995 591 653 688

14. Ms Nato Altunashvili F Tetritskaro Municipality [email protected]

Tel: +995 598 800 904 [email protected] 15. Mr Gia Gotsiridze M Tetritskaro Municipality

Tel: +995 568 050 537

16. Mr Anzor Khikinadze M Tsalka Municipality [email protected]

17. Ms Meri Abramishvili F Bolnisi Municipality Tel: +995 591 400 038 [email protected]

18. Mr Sergi Gigordadze M Bolnisi Municipality [email protected]

Tel: +995 598 142 182 19. Ms Mariam Chachava F Expert, ISET/REC Caucasus [email protected]

Tel: +995 577 797 759 20. Ms Sophiko Akhobadze F Director, REC Caucasus [email protected]

Tel: +995 599 174 656 21. Ms Maia Zumbulidze F Expert, REC Caucasus [email protected]

Tel: +995 599 447 817 22. Mr Mikheil Kurdadze M Communication Expert, REC Caucasus [email protected]

Tel: +995 598 456 222 23. Ms Evgenia Mekhtieva F Project Officer, REC Caucasus [email protected]

Tel: +995 593 79 77 99 24. Ms Keti Jibladze F Project Officer, REC Caucasus [email protected]

Total women / ქალები სულ =

Total men / კაცები სულ =

Total participants / მონაწილეები სულ =

7.4 Questionnaire