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Breakthrough Mandarin Link-Global Online Learning Breakthrough Mandarin link-global online learning This e-book is designed for use in conjunction with the online lessons from www.link-global.com The course takes you by easy steps to gain the basic skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing Mandarin Chinese. Irene Leung M.Sc. (London), A.C.I.S. Lizzy Chu B.A. Hons. (Suzhou), M.Sc., Advanced Mandarin Teaching Cert. (Hanban) Associate Editors Theresa Munford B.A. Hons. (Durham), Ph.D. (Australian National University) Ian Morris M.A. (Oxon), formerly one of Her Majesty’s Circuit Judges The online lessons are endorsed by OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations) for use with the Asset Languages Chinese (Mandarin) Breakthrough specification Published by link-global limited Published by link-global ltd 79, Friar Street, Worcester WR1 2NT © link-global ltd 2010 * * All rights reserved. Save for use with the link-global Breakthrough online lessons no part of this book may be re-printed or re-produced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Warning: The doing of an unauthorised act in relation to a copyright work may result in both a civil claim for damages and criminal prosecution. Visit our website at www.link-global.com to purchase our online lessons ISBN 978-0-9567286-1-6 Copyright © link-global ltd 2010* 2 Table of Contents Section 1 - Introduction .............................................................................................................. 8 www.link-global.com ................................................................................................................................... 8 The Unique link-global Lesson Screen ...................................................................................................... 8 Scheme of Work ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Section 2 - Pinyin Lesson ......................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 1 - Pinyin / Syllable .......................................................................................................... 13 The Syllable .............................................................................................................................................. 14 Chapter 2 - The Tones .................................................................................................................. 15 1st tone mā ............................................................................................................................................... 15 2nd tone má .............................................................................................................................................. 16 3rd tone mǎ .............................................................................................................................................. 16 4th tone mà ............................................................................................................................................... 16 Neutral tone ma ........................................................................................................................................ 16 Listen and Practise the Tones .................................................................................................................. 17 Chapter 3 - Initials ......................................................................................................................... 18 Initials - b, p, m, f ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Initials - d, t, n, l ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Initials - g, k, h .......................................................................................................................................... 19 Initials - j, q, x ............................................................................................................................................ 19 Initials - zh, ch, sh, r ................................................................................................................................. 19 Initials - z, c, s ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 4 - Finals .......................................................................................................................... 20 Finals - Single Vowels a, o, e .................................................................................................................. 21 Finals - Single Vowels i ........................................................................................................................... 21 Finals - Single Vowels u, ü, er ................................................................................................................. 21 Finals - Compound Vowels - ao, ai, ia, ua ............................................................................................... 21 Finals - Compound Vowels - ou, uo, ei, ie ............................................................................................... 22 Finals - Compound Vowels - iao, iou(iu), uai, uei(ui), üe ......................................................................... 22 Finals - Combined with Vowels and n / ng (1) .......................................................................................... 22 Finals - Combined with Vowels and n / ng (2) .......................................................................................... 22 Finals - Combined with Vowels and n / ng (3) .......................................................................................... 23 Finals - Combined with Vowels and n / ng (4) .......................................................................................... 23 Chapter 5 - The Changing of Tone ................................................................................................ 24 The Changing of Tone (i) Consecutive 3rd tones ................................................................................... 24 The Changing of Tone (ii) 一 (yi) ............................................................................................................. 25 The Changing of Tone (iii) 不 (bu) .......................................................................................................... 25 The Changing of Tone (iv) 一 (yi) or 不 (bu) in the middle of a phrase .................................................. 26 Section 3 - Breakthrough – Basics of Chinese Character Writing ....................................... 27 What are Chinese characters? ................................................................................................................. 27 Why do we need to learn Chinese characters? ....................................................................................... 27 Characters written with calligraphy brushes / ordinary pens .................................................................... 27 Chapter 1 - Basic strokes .............................................................................................................. 28 Chapter 2 - Combined Strokes ...................................................................................................... 29 Chapter 3 - How are stokes put together? .................................................................................... 32 Detached .................................................................................................................................................. 32 Joined ....................................................................................................................................................... 32 Crossed .................................................................................................................................................... 32 Copyright © link-global ltd 2010* 3 Chapter 4 - Rules of stroke order .................................................................................................. 33 Stroke order - First horizontal, then vertical 十 (shí) ................................................................................ 33 Stroke order - First left-falling, then right-falling 人 (rén) .......................................................................... 33 Stroke order - From top to bottom 三 (sān) .............................................................................................. 33 Stroke order - From left to right 川 (chuān) .............................................................................................. 34 Stroke order - First outside, then inside 月 (yuè) ..................................................................................... 34 Stroke order - Finish inside, then close 四 (sì) ......................................................................................... 34 Stroke order - Middle, then left, then right 小 (xiǎo) ................................................................................. 34 Chapter 5 - Radicals .....................................................................................................................
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