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Implementation of Spatial and Development Planning in East Kalimantan Province

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Implementation of Spatial and Development Planning in East Kalimantan Province Implementation of Spatial and Development Planning in East Kalimantan Province Wedo Aru Yudhantoro1, Arty Dwi Januari1, Atiti Setyaning Utami M.1, Erline Fitridiah Pitaloka1, Kunny Izza Indah A.1, Nurul Rusdayanti1, Poerborini Damayanti, Sindhung Wardana1, Siti Kardian Pramiati1, Siti Shara1, Hayati Sari Hasibuan1, and Rudy P. Tambunan1 {[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]} School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta1 Abstract. This study is testing for the truth of development, and correctly implementation from spatial plans document in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The most significant potential from East Kalimantan is mining products and palm oil products. Qualitative method are used on this research by using analysis process from the real development data from 2016 until 2019 using geospatial analysis process. In mining areal case, the most significant permission already developed in residential areas with number 75,22%, which mean 2.062.075,5 hectare areas. The same problem has happened in palm oil areal that develop in 46,7%, which mean 543.021,92 hectare areas. Another result was showed that in mining and oil palm areas already has overlapping areas in 3,53% or 449.753,53 hectare areas. There is a problem in the development process in the past three years. It needs to evaluate in real to make sure the urban land- use plan from 2016 until 2036 still in the right way. Keywords: Development; Spatial planning; Spatial structure; Urban land use 1 Introduction Indonesia national constitution about spatial planning number 26/2007 defined spatial planning as unity of spatial planning processes in a system, spatial use, & spatial use control. So that spatial planning can be defined as a process for determining the spatial structure and spatial patterns, which include the preparation and determination of spatial plans. Spatial planning based on administrative areas consists of national spatial planning, provincial spatial planning, and district/city spatial planning. The spatial planning was realized in the National, Provincial, and Regency / City Spatial and Regional Spatial Plans, and there are also Spatial Detail Plans covering the Sub-district area. Spatial planning is needed to overcome competition and conflict between various uses in a limited area. The effort to realize the spatial structure and spatial pattern following the spatial plan through the preparation and implementation of the program and its financing is called the use of space. Spatial utilization is carried out through the implementation of the spatial use program and its financing contained in the regional spatial plan. Spatial utilization refers to the spatial functions stipulated in the spatial plan carried out by developing land stewardship, water stewardship, air stewardship, and stewardship of other natural resources. Government and regional goverments has fully priority to consider who can manage the stewardship land that has rights commitment to sure the land rights in the function. In the space of the land for protected ICESSD 2019, October 22-23, Jakarta, Indonesia Copyright © 2020 EAI DOI 10.4108/eai.22-10-2019.2291496 function rooms, the Government and the regional government give priority first to accepting the rights transfer of land from some holder who has already relinquishes the rights. East Kalimantan Province, which has an area and land area of around 12,726,752 ha, which consists of a land area of 12,533,681 ha and inland waters covering 193,071 ha, also has the right to organize and utilize its own territorial space. As the third-largest province, East Kalimantan Province has abundant natural resource potential, where most of the potential has not used optimally. Most of the natural resources and their products exported abroad, so that this province is one of the leading foreign exchange earner provinces for the country, particularly from the mining, forestry and other yield sectors. Data related to the extent of plantation land in regencies and cities throughout East Kalimantan is still not synchronous with the provincial spatial plan. It was confirmed by East Kalimantan Governor H Awang Faroek Ishak at the East Kalimantan Plantation Development and Floating Evaluation Meeting in the Edge Meeting Room 1. One example, the area of land designated for plantations within the provincial spatial planning for Berau was around 425,645 hectares while the realization was only 126 thousand hectares. Also, the Regency of Kutim of the total area of land owned and contained in the provincial spatial structure is around 881 thousand hectares, but the realization has only reached 429 thousand hectares. Besides, there are indications that the plantation lands have already taken over the function of land carried out with the permission of the local area so that overlapping land occurs due to different or changing land use. To achieve the objectives of the strategy, the provincial government realized that they needed a commitment from many interests, like stakeholders. Green Growth Compact (GGC) concept has taken by Governor of East Kalimantan in September 2016 as a tool for bring together initiatives that come from some interests, like private sector, local & national government, communities, NGOs, until universities sector for research. During the 2017 Governor of the Climate and Forests Task Force (GCF) meeting already held in 2017 that contained 7 GGC pilot initiatives that help for develop the goals of the East Kalimantan development. However, in its implementation, there is a mismatch of the actual conditions with the target to be achieved. Deforestation rates in East Kalimantan from 2000 - 2015 are around 60,000 ha per year, more comprehensive than the city of Balikpapan, and 30 percent of those deforestations occur in forest areas. This research used qualitative methods that needed analysis by the geospatial analysis process by using an application. The documents used in this research are spatial planning documents of East Borneo, mapping data from the Ministry of Villages, disadvantaged regions, and transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia. Another process to get the data is by literature review and compare it with the actual data. The location of the research is in East Borneo with a subject area of the research in mining subject area, agriculture area, settlement area, forest area, and land-use area. The population of the research consists of area mapping of East Borneo with the time of research basic from secondary data of spatial development planning in 2016 until the reality in 2019. The result data from the interpretation process in real will have to compare with the public land-use planning data. After that, we will see how much the overlapping has happened already. For the next will gift some recommendations for being part of solving the problems or fixing the problems. The necessary procedure is to collect the data of East Kalimantan Province from actually of development from 2016 to 2019, combine and compare the real data with the urban land-use planning regulation of East Kalimantan Province. The next process is to collect the national regulation, region regulation, and combine it again with the real data after do combining it before. Moreover, after this, we will look for the best recommendation to solve the problems. 2 Geographic Condition East Kalimantan Province is the second largest provinces in Indonesia Republic after Papua, having abundant natural resource potential where most of the potential has not used optimally. The natural resources and their products already exported abroad, so this Province is the primary foreign exchange earner for the country, especially from the Mining, Forestry, and other yield sectors. The province of East Kalimantan are located on the most east island of Borneo and is also a border region with Malaysia, especially Sabah and Sarawak. East Kalimantan is a province in Indonesia located between 113º35'31" to 119º12'48" east longitude, and between 2º34'23" north latitude to 2º44'14" south latitude with an area of 127,346.92 km2 [3]. The province was beside with Malaysia in the north and some island of Indonesia like Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Java Island [1]. Based on Local Regulation of Kalimantan Number 1 of 2016 about Urban Land-use Planning of East Borneo Province from 2016 - 2036, Ease Borneo has potential land in 12.638.931 Ha (75,54%) from all the area of East Borneo Province. Table 1. Data Administrative of East Kalimantan Province in 2016 Number of sub- Number of Regencies/City Areal (Ha) district villages Paser 1.109.696 10 144 Kutai Barat 1.370.92 16 194 Mahakam Ulu 1.994.941 5 50 Kutai 2.598.808 18 237 Kertanegara Kutai Timur 3.105.171 18 135 Berau 2.173.519 13 110 Penajam Paser 292.373 4 54 Utara Balikpapan 51.225 6 34 Samarinda 71.653 10 59 Bontang 16.314 3 15 Kalimantan 12.734.692 103 1.032 Timur Source: Urban land-use plan of East Kalimantan in 2016 Based on the slope of the land and the altitude, the topographic characteristics of the Province of East Kalimantan are dominated by lands with slopes above 40 percent and elevations of less than 500 meters above sea level. Flatland (0-2%) in East Kalimantan Province is generally only found in coastal areas and large river basins, which cover about 10.70 percent of the total area. While the land has a sloping level (2-15%) reaches 16.16 percent. The rest is hilly land with a slope level of> 15%, with an area of around 73.14% of the total area of East Kalimantan Province.
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