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Livro De Resumos LIVRO DE RESUMOS Encontro Nacional ENFE 15 de Física Estatística 1-4 de Novembro de 2015 Vitória-ES COMITÊ NACIONAL Roberto Andrade (UFBA) Ronald Dickman (UFMG) Dora Izzo (UFRJ) Tarcísio Marciano (UnB) João Plascak (UFPB) Carmen Prado (USP) Silvio Salinas (USP) José Soares Andrade Jr. (UFC) Constantino Tsallis (CBPF) COMITÊ ORGANIZADOR Celia Anteneodo (PUC-Rio) Jeferson Arenzon (UFRGS) Marcia Barbosa (UFRGS) Marcos G. E. da Luz (UFPR) Gandhi Viswanathan (UFRN) Local do evento: Sheraton Vitoria Hotel, Av. Saturnino de Brito 217, Praia do Canto, Vitória, ES Mais informações: http://enfe.fis.puc-rio.br Contato: [email protected] UFES-CCE 1 Plenary talks (8:30 - 10:00) Posters (10:00-11:00 / 16:05-17:05) PLENARY SESSION COMPLEXITY & INTERDISCIPLI- NARY TOPICS [02/11/2015 - 09:00 - Room Vit´oria] A random walk picture of basketball scoring and [02/11/2015 - P001] lead-change dynamics, Aaron Clauset, Marina Spatial organization and mobility effects in collec- tive hunting and defense strategies of predator- Kogan, Sid Redner, Santa Fe Institute By analy- ´ zing recently available play-by-play data from all regular- prey systems, Annette Cazaubiel, Ecole Normale season games from multiple seasons of the National Bas- Sup´erieure - International Center of Fundamental Phy- ketball Association (NBA), we present evidence that, sics, Paris - France, Alessandra F. Lutz¨ , Jeferson basketball scoring during a game is well described by a J. Arenzon, Instituto de F´ısica - UFRGS , Porto Ale- continuous-time anti-persistent random walk. The time gre RS - Brasil There is a myriad of strategies that intervals between successive scoring events follow an ex- predators utilize to increase their rate of success. Among ponential distribution, with essentially no correlations them, preys may be attacked in a cooperative, coordina- between different scoring intervals. We will also argue ted way, these actions being correlated in space and time. that the heterogeneity of team strengths plays a minor The number of known examples of coordinated hunting, role in understanding the statistical properties of basket- whether intra or interspecies, has increased in the last ye- ball scoring. ars and examples include hawks, crocodiles, spiders, etc. As intriguing applications of this random-walk picture, Although there are some additional costs, hunting or de- we show that: (i) the distribution of times when the last fending in group may bring several benefits for predators lead change occurs, (ii) the distribution of times when and preys, respectively, what have been widely studied. the score difference is maximal, and (iii) the distribution Despite these mounting evidences, much less attention for the fraction of game time that one team is leading are has been dedicated to model such behavior. all given by the celebrated arcsine law–a beautiful and This problem has been recently considered within a game surprising property of random walks. We also use the theoretical framework in which the abundances of preys random-walk picture to construct the criterion for when and predators were assumed constant and only the frac- a lead of a specified size is ”safe”as a function of the time tion of those populations using either an individual or remaining in the game. This prediction generally agrees collective strategy evolves. Lett et al (2004 Theor. Pop. with comprehensive data on more than 1.25 million sco- Biol. 65 263) considered a mean field approach in which ring events in roughly 40,000 games across four profes- these densities are described by Lotka-Volterra-like equa- sional or semiprofessional team sports, and are more ac- tions, taking into account some of the advantages and curate than popular heuristics that are currently used in disadvantages for both preys and predators choosing a sports analytics. grouping strategy. More specifically, it is assumed that grouping lowers the risk of predation at the cost of incre- [02/11/2015 - 09:30 - Room Vit´oria] asing the competition for resources, while predators have CLUSTER APPROACH TO GELS AND a greater probability of success at the expense of having GLASSES, A. Coniglio, CNR-SPIN, Department of to share the prey with others. Physics, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, We present a spatial version of this model that locates 80126 Napoli, Italy A percolation theory is presented individuals or groups on a lattice and study it in the li- to describe the dynamics of the sol-gel transition[1]. mits of both low and high population viscosity (with or The same approach at mean field level is shown to without diffusion, respectively), and compare these re- describe also the dynamical critical behavior predicted sults with the mean field predictions. Of particular inte- by mode coupling theory (MCT) for the continuous glass rest is the coexistence region with both grouped and indi- transition[2]. A similar approach is extended to MCT vidual predators and prey persist within the population. for the discontinuous glass transition, more appropriate When compared with the mean field case, fundamental to describe the standard molecular glass transition. It is differences appear and are strongly affected by finite size shown that the relevant model now is given by Bootstrap effects. Percolation. This approach will provide a geometrical and physical interpretation of the critical exponents, [02/11/2015 - P002] Density classification performance of the elucidating the scaling laws and the universal aspect of Gacs-Kurdyumov-Levin four-states cellular MCT. automaton model IV and related automata, J. Ricardo G. Mendonc¸a, Rolf E. O. Simoes,˜ [1] A. Fierro, T. Abete and A. Coniglio, J. Chem. Phys. EACH/USP Almost four decades ago (in 1978), Gacs, 131, (2009) 194906. Kurdyumov, and Levin (GKL) introduced three different [2] J..J. Arenzon, A. Coniglio A. Fierro, and M. Sellitto. cellular automata (CA), which they called models II, Phys. Rev. 90, (2014) 020301(R) IV, and VI, to investigate whether nonequilibrium interacting particle systems are capable of displaying phase transitions. Their objective was to examine the “positive probabilities conjecture,” according to which one-dimensional particle systems with short-range inte- ractions and positive transition probabilities are always ergodic. This conjecture has been disproved—much 2 Abstracts - ENFE - 02/11/2015 to the awe of the practicing community—many times is to make a change of variable t for a new log-time since then, with the introduction of several models that τ ln(tc t), then to study the power spectrum of the have become archetypal models in theoretical computer new≡ series− thus generated. A consequence of this method science and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. is the non-uniformity of the sample data, i.e. unequal spa- As a by-product of their investigations, GKL introduced cing between data points. The FFT-based techniques are the density classification problem in the cellular auto- not applicable, but one solution is to use the Lomb perio- mata literature. The density classification task consists dogram of Scargle, which is suitable for unevenly sampled in classifying arrays of symbols according to their ini- points. tial density of symbols using local rules, and is comple- We applying this method to study the Brazilian finan- ted successfully if a correct verdict as to which was the cial market, with the aim of detecting discrete scale inva- initial majority state is obtained in time at most linear riance in the Bovespa (Bolsa de Valores de S˜ao Paulo) in the size of the input array. Density classification is stock market index. Some historical price series have a nontrivial task for CA in which cells interact over fi- been selected for the periods in 1999, 2001 and 2008. We nite neighbourhoods, because then the cells have to achi- report evidence of detection of possible log-periodicity eve a global consensus cooperating locally only. Ultima- before breaks. tely, that means that information should flow through [02/11/2015 - P004] the entire system, be processed by the cells, and be not Study of String-Like Excitations in Artificial Spin destroyed or become incoherent in the process—entropy Ice Through Linear Chains of Magnetic Dipoles, must loose to work in the task, a relevant property in the Denis da Mata Oliveira, Lucas Alvares da Silva theoretical analysis of data processing and storage under Mol,´ UFMG In this work we study a system of classi- noise. For one-dimensional locally interacting systems of cal magnetic Ising-like dipoles (spins) on the square lat- autonomous and memoryless cells, emergence of collec- tice interacting exclusively by magnetic dipolar interac- tive behavior is required in these cases. In this context, tion. The spins are positioned in sequence, forming linear GKL model II has been extensively scrutinized as a model chains on the lattices links (strings), parallel to its plane. system related with the concepts of emergence, communi- These strings are constructed by Self-Avoiding Walks cation, efficiency, and connectivity. The other two GKL (SAW’s). For each string length, we generate all reacha- models, however, did not receive much attention. ble microstate the system in order to make the accurate Here we characterize the density classification perfor- analysis of the system through the canonical ensemble. mance of Gacs, Kurdyumov, and Levin’s “model IV,” a Our purpose is to better understand the behavior of ex- four-states cellular automaton with three absorbing sta- citation type strings in artificial spin ice, since the studied tes, by Monte Carlo simulations. We show that model IV chains are similar to those excitations, which present as compares well with its sibling model II in the density clas- remarkable feature the presence of magnetic monopole sification task, the additional states being barely relevant quasi-particles associated to its extremes. The studied for its performance. We also investigate the performance system is similar to the homopolymers in network-based of model IV under the influence of noise and show that SAW’s.
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