Bellfield Farm, North Kessock

BLNK08/009

Area 2 and 3 Archaeological Excavation

for Tulloch Homes Ltd

RC-07-876

May 2012

Bellfield Farm, North Kessock

Area 2 and 3 Archaeological Excavation

for Tulloch Homes Ltd

RC-07-876

May 2012

HA Job no.: BLNK08/009 NGR: NH 6440 4853 Parish: Knockbain Council: Highland OASIS ref.: headland1-114107 Archive will be deposited with: RCAHMS

Project Manager Edward Bailey Author Ross Murray Fieldwork Magnar Dalland, Stephen Digney, Tom Elliot, Calum Henderson, Jamie Humble, Tim Lewis, Guillem Marti, James McMeekin, Robert McMorran, David McNicol, Sandra Mulligan, Jason Murphy, Ross Murray, Abby Mynett, Emma Searle, Tom Small, Ania Sztromwasser, David Swan, Jürgen van Wessel & Don Wilson Graphics Caroline Norrman & Anna Sztromwasser Specialists Sarah-Jane Haston, Environmental Julie Franklin & Julie Lochrie, Finds Approved by Andrea Smith, Project Manager

Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd © Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd 2011

13 Jane Street, Edinburgh EH6 5HE T 0131 467 7705 F 0131 467 7706 E [email protected] www.headlandarchaeology.com

Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Contents

1. Introduction 1

2. Archaeological Background 1

3. Methodology 2 3.1 environmental samples 2

4. the excavated structures and features 2 4.1 Area 2A (Illus 2) 2 Structure 1 5 Structure 2 5 Structure 3 and Pit [1000] 5 Structure 4 5 Pit Group 1 6 Pit Group 2 6 Pit Group 3 6 Pit 1269 (Illus 3b) 9 Pit 1238 (Illus 3c) 9 4.2 Area 2B (Illus 4) 9 Pit Group 4 (Illus 5) 9 Pit 1425 (Illus 4) 9 Structure 5 (Illus 6 and 7) 11 Pit Group 5 (Illus 4) 12 Pit 1524 (Illus 4) 13 Structure 7 (Illus 8) 13 Structure 8 (Illus 8) 13 Pit Group 6 (Illus 4) 13 Structure 6 (Illus 10) 15 Possible enclosure and Pit Group 7 (Illus 4) 17 Structure 11 (Illus 4) 18 Structures 9 and 10 (Illus 4) 21 Pit Group 8 (Illus 4) 22 Structure 12 (Illus 4) 23 4.3 Area 3 (Illus 14) 23 Palisaded enclosure 23 Pit [2464] (Illus 14c and 15) 23 Pit [2481] (Illus 14b and 16) 23

5. summary of artefact assemblage 24 5.1 Prehistoric pottery 24 td 2011 td 5.2 ceramic moulds 24 5.3 Metalworking waste 24 5.4 Coarse stone finds 24 rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 5.5 Chipped stone finds 24

7. dIscussion 26 7.1 Prehistoric activity 26 7.2 Medieval activity 27 7.3 Indeterminate activity 27

8. references 27

9. Addendum – additional monitoring 28 9.1 Introduction 28 9.2 results (Illus 17) 28 Pit Group 9 28 Scattered pits and post-holes 28 Finds 28 9.3 discussion 28

Appendices 30 Appendix 1 – Site registers 30 Context register 30 Photographic register 89 Sample register 102 Drawing register 111 Appendix 2 – Finds assessment 118 Introduction 118 Assemblage summary and quantification 118 Potential of the finds assemblage 119 Recommendations for further work 120 References 121 Finds catalogue 123 Appendix 3 – Palaeoenvironmental sample assessment 136 Introduction 136 Method 136 Results 136 Discussion 137 Recommendations 138 References 139 Table 1 – Retent Sample Results 140 Table 2 – Flotation sample results 145

Addendum Appendices 151 Appendix 1 – Site registers 151 Context register 151 Photographic register 155 Sample register 156 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

List of illustrations

Illus 1 x Site location Illus 2 3 Plan of Area 2A Illus 3a 6 NW facing section of metal-working feature [1000] Illus 3b 6 NE facing section through pit [1269] Illus 3c 6 NE facing section through pit [1238] Illus 4 7 Plan of Area 2B Illus 5 9 Plan of Pit Group 4 Illus 6 10 View of partially excavated Structure 5, looking NE Illus 7 10 Plan of Structure 5 Illus 8 12 Detail of area around structure 7 & 8 Illus 9a 14 N facing section of pit [2108] Illus 9b 14 SE facing section of pit [2036] Illus 10 15 Plan of Structure 6 Illus 11 16 View of possible hearth [2003] and stone lined post-hole [2026] Illus 12a 17 NE facing section through rectilinear feature [2016] Illus 12b 17 E facing section through rectilinear feature [2016] Illus 12c 17 S facing section through feature [2017] Illus 12d 17 W facing section through feature [2017] Illus 13a 18 SE facing section if grain-drying kiln [2397] Illus 13b 18 SW facing section if grain-drying kiln [2397] Illus 14 19 Plan of Area 3 and sections through [2454], [2479] & [2482] Illus 15 21 View of half sectioned pit [2481], looking east Illus 16 22 View of half sectioned pit [2464], looking west td 2011 td Illus 17 29 Plan of Area 2b showing results of additional monitoring to the east rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A

Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

acknowledgements

Thanks to Andy Puls and Cara Jones of Highland Council Archaeology Unit, who monitored the work on behalf of the council, and Tulloch Homes for on-site support. td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A North Kessock

Site

N 264050 264050 264250 264450

Drains

STA114STA114

dr579

dr580 dr582 dr571 dr570 Area 2b dr590 dr581

dr628 dr627 dr597

dr589

dr588 dr598 STA118

dr648 dr586 dr705 dr608 dr761 dr609 dr694 dr707dr709dr710 dr634 dr647 dr706 dr689 dr656 dr703 dr794 dr708 dr759 dr722 dr854 dr701 dr742 dr702 dr692 dr753 dr671 dr793 dr693 dr700 dr795 dr807 dr730 dr720 dr734 dr760 dr844 dr772 dr737 dr751 dr654 dr792 dr739 dr750 dr736 dr655 dr619dr621 dr717 dr782 dr791 dr812 dr745 dr782 dr743 dr813 dr744 dr618 dr773 dr636 dr645 dr682 dr775 dr644 dr719 dr770 dr680 dr763 dr781 dr855 dr783 dr777 dr774 dr646 dr748 dr631 dr740 dr738 dr747 STA113STA113 dr574 dr735 dr715 dr779 dr716 dr643 dr617 dr724 dr632 dr784 dr637 dr625 dr622 dr624 dr642 dr725 dr798 STA100 dr575 dr641 dr620 dr633 dr623 dr678 dr670 dr822 dr695 dr726 dr797 dr824 dr828 dr677 dr785 dr768 dr572 dr615 dr613 dr727 dr769 dr821 dr607 dr662 dr823 dr602 dr611dr612 dr661 dr764 dr826 STA101 dr604 dr729 dr765 dr76y dr825 dr576 dr780 dr600 dr606 stn01 dr712 dr881 dr596 dr605 dr650 dr728 dr626 dr657dr669 dr802 dr658 dr766 dr804 dr788 dr805 dr594 d5659 dr790 dr801 dr827 dr610 dr789 dr79 dr593 dr803 dr660 dr754 dr787 dr656

dr757 dr591 dr585 dr850 dr668 dr756dr755 dr865 dr673 dr839 dr835 dr866 dr869 dr664 dr711 dr683 dr858 dr681 dr584 dr688dr714 dr810 dr809 dr667 stn09 dr686 dr713 dr736 dr670 dr832 dr684 stn08 dr685 dr733 dr698 dr834 dr820 dr665 dr868 dr699 dr663 dr892 dr675 dr690 dr859 dr885 dr882 dr674 dr883 dr838 dr884 dr860 dr676 dr888 dr852

dr842 dr853 dr863 dr864 dr886

dr871 dr830 dr862

dr872

dr878 dr874 dr879

dr877 dr849 dr876

dr893

dr873 dr851

dr856 df898

dr867

stn06

dr814

dr806 848660 STA115STA115 B 9161 dr833

dr815

dr817 STA106

stn11

dr857

dr841

STA110

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Area 2a STA104 dr522 stn02

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dr521 dr512

dr523

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dr534 dr516

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dr538 dr532

dr524 dr528 dr540

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dr526

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st18 stn01 dr562

dr537 dr541 dr536 dr539 dr530 dr544 dr566

dr531 dr565 dr563

dr552

stn00 dr567 dr542

STA107

STA105

STA109 Area 1 drw13

stn17stn16 Area 3

STA103

dr912

dr914

dr905 dr913 stn04stn05 STA116

dr918 dr906 dr896

dr909 dr897 dr910

dr911

drw 10

drw 9 dr903

drw 8 drw 7-8

,6 drw 4,5

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df902 dr894

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dr895 dr901 drw 15-16 STA117

848460

Illus 1 Site location Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Bellfield Farm, North Kessock

Area 2 and 3 Archaeological Excavation

An archaeological excavation took place at Bellfield, North Kessock in advance of a housing development by Tulloch Homes Ltd. This was the second phase of excavation and encompassed three areas (2A, 2B and 3) deemed to be of high archaeological potential based on the results of an evaluation carried out in 2008. An earlier phase of excavation (Area 1) uncovered a group of Neolithic features while a circular cropmark was found to overlie a substantial roundhouse and associated features of Iron Age date (Jones 2009).

The archaeological remains uncovered during the second phase of excavation at Bellfield Farm represent occupation in this area, beginning in the Neolithic, over a period of several thousand years. The prehistoric remains were by far the more extensive and include evidence of settlement, agricultural and industrial activity. The medieval activity was limited to two features, one in Area 2A and one in 2B, identified as grain-drying kilns.

1 1. Introduction 2. Archaeological Background

This report presents the results of an archaeological There are a number of entries in local and national sites excavation undertaken at Bellfield Farm, North Kessock and monuments records (Highland SMR and NMRS) in advance of development. The work was undertaken to that attest to prehistoric and later occupation around the meet a planning condition placed by Highland Council site. These include the stray find of a Neolithic ground on an application for a housing development on the land stone axe (MHG8249, NH64NW 31) from Charlestown. by Tulloch Homes Ltd. The works were carried out A number of hillforts are located in the area and the in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation vitrified fort at Ord Hill (MHG8258, SAM2499, prepared by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd and agreed NH64NE 37), overlooks the site to the east. There are by Highland Council. The main phase of work took also a number of duns in the area, including Carn Mor, place between June and October 2010 with additional on the Black Isle at Culbokie (MHG7117, NH64NW 1) monitoring in November 2010 and further monitoring and Dun Mor (MHG3411, SAM 2423, NH54SW10), still to be undertaken at the time of writing this report near Beauly. These sites are all typologically dated to the (February 2011). Iron Age, A number of crannogs lie in the Beauly Firth, immediately south of the present site, including Carn The site is situated in the Knockbain parish to the west Dubh (MHG3811, SAM 3105, NH64NW4) and another of North Kessock on the north shore of the Beauly Firth at Coulmore (MHG18106, SAM 7817, NH64NW41). (NGR NH6440 4853; Illus 1). Previous evaluation of the Both of these have been radiocarbon dated to the early site (Murray 2008a) recorded a group of features on an Iron Age (c.500 BC). At Bogallan to the north-east are a area of flat ground towards the top of a slope that ran series of cropmarks (MHG7970, NH65SW 16) identified td 2011 td down to the south and the shore of the Beauly Firth from aerial photography and interpreted as including two (Area 1). A circular cropmark (NH64NW 82) c 10m in ring-ditches; the cropmark within the present site was diameter and interpreted as a ring-ditch was located to also interpreted as a ring-ditch.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L the north of these features The area lies at the presumed centre of a Pictish kingdom The evaluation also recorded features across the remainder and in a generally rich archaeological landscape. Excavation

© H eadland A of the development site to the west (Areas 2A, 2B and 3). at the 4th century BC Iron Age fort of Craig Phadraig (MHG3809, NH65NW 1) on the outskirts of Inverness, An overall site plan was recorded and related to the contained evidence for occupation up to the 6th century National Grid. All negative features, deposits and AD. ground surfaces were electronically surveyed in plan. The electronic survey was complemented by hand- Recent excavations at Culduthel, on the south side drawn plans at a scale of 1:20 when required. Sections of Inverness, have revealed a complex of Iron Age were hand-drawn at a scale of 1:10. All recording was roundhouses and earlier prehistoric settlement to the east undertaken on pro forma record sheets. (Murray 2007), including evidence for early prehistoric structures associated with Neolithic and Bronze Age pits Any artefacts retrieved during the evaluation were (Murray 2008b). Monitoring of the Inverness to Dingwall bagged, labelled, catalogued on site and their location gas pipeline revealed a spread of paving, burnt daub and surveyed when necessary. All artefacts have been stored pits containing charcoal near Arpafeelie, north-west of appropriately according to standard advice. the present site (Wordsworth 1992).

Previous excavation at Bellfield Farm (Area 1) had 3.1 Environmental samples concentrated on the location of a circular cropmark and a concentration of features identified in the evaluation. 98 samples were processed for palaeoenvironmental The group of features were established as Neolithic while assessment. Samples were processed in laboratory the circular cropmark was found to overlie a substantial conditions using a standard flotation method cf( Kenward roundhouse and associated features of Iron Age date. et al 1980). All plant macrofossil samples were analysed (Jones 2009). using a stereomicroscope at magnifications of x10 and up to x100 where necessary to aid identification. Identifications were confirmed using modern reference 3. Methodology material and seed atlases including Cappers et al (2006).

The objectives were: 4. The excavated structures and • To obtain a plan of any features features 2 • To attempt to identify structures and activity areas As with Area 1, the location, size and shape of the three areas excavated during this phase of work (2A, 2B and 3) • To establish the date and duration of any settlement was determined by the results of the 2008 evaluation with the limits of excavation being centred on concentrations • To obtain environmental (both charred plant of archaeological features including a 10m buffer from remains and animal bone, if present) as well as the last feature in all directions. The topsoil depth artefactual evidence varied across the three areas. In Area 2A the topsoil was consistently shallow and had a maximum depth of c0.3m. A mechanical excavator fitted with a flat-bladed ditching In contrast the topsoil in Area 2B increased in depth to bucket was used to remove topsoil under archaeological the north to a maximum depth of c0.9m resulting in control. Excavation continued until either the natural lesser plough truncation of the archaeological features. sub-stratum or significant archaeological deposits were The topsoil in Area 3 was the shallowest, owing to its encountered. The resulting surfaces were hand cleaned location at the top of a steep rise, and was mostly up to where necessary and investigated for archaeological 0.2m deep. The natural drift geology was predominately features. All features were hand-excavated (100% of all sandy and gravel indicative of a raised beach. structures, 50% (half-section) of all pits as a minimum and initially 10% of linear features. All archaeologically A full description of all deposits is provided in Appendix significant deposits were sampled for environmental 1. Summary descriptions of all structures and features of remains (to a minimum of 10 litres if available and up to note are provided below. 30 litres when appropriate).

The recording followed standards and guidance set out 4.1 Area 2A (Illus 2) by the Institute for Archaeologists. All contexts, small finds and environmental samples were given unique This area measured 1818m2 and contained c.130 numbers. Bulk finds were collected by context. Colour archaeological features, the majority of which were pits print, colour slide and digital photographs were taken, and post-holes. The post-holes represented the remains of given unique numbers and recorded in a register. Metric three roundhouses (Structures 1, 2 and 4) and a possible scales were clearly visible in record photographs. ironworking workshop (Structure 3) with the majority of the pits concentrated in three distinct groups. N

264155 264230 848620 848620

Pit Group 3 1283 1281 1285 1290 1288

Pit Group 2 Structure 3 1098 1131 1129 1127 Pit Group 1 1100 1144 1000 1081 1009 1146 1148 1152 1013 1094 Illus 3a Structure 2 1096 1154 1011 1092 1150 1048 1107 1090 1007 1113 1119 1104 1139 1088 1086 1115 1070 1181 1191 1072 1116 1111 1183 1222 1123 1074 1236 1141 1080

Structure 4 264155 264230 1197 848590 1209 848590 1199 1193 1207

1193 1210 1201 1192 Structure 1

1192 Illus 3b 1194 1136 1203 1258 1205 1184 1134 1269 1186 1220 1246 1234 1238 1253

Illus 3c

Key

site boundary structure pit pit group furrow

0 15m

1:250@A3

Illus 2 Plan of Area 2A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Structure 1 1013, 1113, 1131, 1148, and 1150] placed at intervals Structure 1 was located close to the south-east edge of Area ranging from 0.8m to 2m. They were circular or sub- 2A and consisted of a post-ring and a porch positioned to circular in plan with diameters between 0.2m and 0.4m. face south-east. The post-ring was 6.3m in diameter and Their depth varied between 0.05m and 0.18m. contained twelve post-holes placed at intervals ranging from 1m to 2m. The post-holes were circular in plan, If the group of post-holes represent a sub-rectangular between 0.3m and 0.44m in diameter, and 0.1m to 0.34m building then it would have been oriented east to west, deep. The posts that formed the entrance to the post-ring measured 6m by 3.75m and be formed by post-holes were 4.07m apart. [1009, 1011, 1013, 1113, 1119, 1129, 1131, 1144, 1146, 1148, 1150, 1152 and 1154]. Several pairs of features to The porch was formed by two pairs of post-holes [1246 the south of Structure 3 may represent an entrance. The and 1253] and [1134 and 1136], 1.75m apart, which had pair closest to the structure consisted of parallel linear been placed 2.3m from the post-ring. These were oval- features [1070, 1072 and 1181] orientated north to south shaped in plan and measured between 0.5m x 0.4m and and placed 2.15m apart. The easternmost [1181] measured 0.6m x 0.5m. They were between 0.11m and 0.31m deep. 1m by 0.28m and was 0.17m deep. A small post-hole Another pair of post-holes [1234 and 1258], 2.65m apart, [1115] was present at its northern end. Two linear features had been positioned 1m further to the south-east. These [1070 and 1072] formed the western part, both measured were both 0.35m in diameter and 0.1m deep. 0.8m by 0.4m and were between 0.1 and 0.15m deep.

Three small pits, [1184], [1194] and [1220], were located To the south of these was a pair of post-holes [1074 and within the post-ring and may have been related to 1111] measuring 0.6m by 0.6m and with a depth of 0.3m. Structure 1. They were circular with diameters of 0.6m They were placed 1.1m apart. Both contained a number with depths of between 0.21m to 0.32m. Two of the pits, of large rounded stones likely to represent post-packing. 1194 and 1220, had a charcoal-rich lower fills [1217 and 1225] that were a result of dumping of burnt material Pit [1000] (Illus 3a) was located within Structure 3 and rather than in situ burning. Pit 1220 also contained small was a large circular pit containing the remains of a possible fragments of burnt bone. iron-working furnace. It was circular in plan, measured 1.2m in diameter and was 0.17m deep. Two fills were present within the pit. Towards the edges of the pit was Structure 2 dark grey sandy gravel containing small charcoal pieces 5 Structure 2 was located in the centre of Area 2A and and lumps of slag [1001]. Several large stones were present consisted of a partially surviving post-ring, 4.6m in in this deposit with one edge-set stone at the northern diameter, containing six post-holes [1104], [1107], [1123], end being possibly in situ. Towards the centre of the pit [1139], [1141] and [1191] placed at intervals ranging from was a darker, more charcoal-rich deposit that contained 1.9m to 2.3 m. The post-holes were circular in plan, abundant pieces of iron slag as well as pieces of burnt clay between 0.4m and 0.5m in diameter, and 0.15m to 0.3m [1002]. deep. Several contained rounded packing stones with those in post-hole [1141] creating a 0.14m wide post-pipe. A small post-hole [1116] adjacent to [1123] contained a Structure 4 charcoal-rich post-pipe with a width of 0.2m and a depth Structure 4 was located towards the west edge of Area of 0.1m. This may represent post replacement within the 2A. It consisted of a partially surviving post-ring and the structure. remains of a possible internal ring-ditch. The post-ring was 5.9m in diameter with the northern half containing An irregular shaped depression [1236] containing five postholes [1197, 1199, 1201, 1207 and 1209] with abundant stones and measuring 2m x 1.08 x 0.2mwas only two postholes surviving in the southern half [1203 present to the south of the post-ring. It was similar to a and 1205]. The postholes were circular in plan, between larger spread found in Structure 4 (see below) and could 0.14m and 0.3m in diameter, and 0.06m to 0.1m deep. have been the truncated base of a ring-ditch. The postholes in the northern half were fairly evenly spaced at intervals of between 1.97m and 2.07m.

Structure 3 and Pit [1000] Two spreads [1192 and 1193] within the post-ring Structure 3 was a small post-built structure located to represented the severely truncated remains of a possible td 2011 td the west of Structure 2. This area contained numerous ring-ditch. Though recorded as two features they were small post-holes and it is possible they could represent the same, the physical gap between them was caused by the remains of a small roundhouse, a crudely constructed investigation during the 2008 evaluation. The spreads

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L sub-rectangular or ‘figure 8’ shaped building. formed a rough crescent shape in plan. The smaller spread, 1192, measured 1.9m by 1.15m and the larger 2.5m by 2m A possible, partially surviving, post-ring, with a diameter with a depth of up to 0.12m. The spreads consisted of a

NE SW illus 3a

1002 1001 NW facing section of metal-working feature [1000]

1000 b

SE NW

1273 1272 illus 3b NE facing section through pit [1269]

1275 1274 1269 1276 c

SSE NNW

1239 illus 3c

1240 NE facing section through pit [1238]

1266 6 1238 0 50cm

1:20@A4

stones. The stones were sub-rounded and a variety of sizes Pit Group 2 were present. A number of fragments of saddle querns Pit Group 2 was located at the western edge of Area 2A, (SF224a, 226a and 226b) and rubbing stones (SF224b and adjacent to Structure 3, and contained fourteen pits. The 224c) were present amongst the stones. It may be the case majority were small and oval or circular in plan with they were deliberately deposited along with the stones at single fills. The largest pit [1048] had a diameter of 1.1m the end of the structure use. and was 0.4m deep. It contained three fills [1045, 1046 and 1047] with the lower [1047] being charcoal rich. To the east of the spreads and within the area of Structure Two other pits [1007 and 1081] also contained charcoal- 4 was pit [1210], with a diameter of 0.8m and 0.28m deep rich fills with small pieces of burnt bone present in the containing burnt bone and charcoal towards its base. former.

Pit Group 1 Pit Group 3 Pit Group1 was located at the eastern edge of Area 2A Pit Group 3 was located at the northern edge of Area 2A and contained eight pits [1086, 1088, 1090, 1092, 1094, and contained five pits. They were mostly circular or sub- 1096, 1098 and 1100]. They were mostly circular or circular in plan with diameters between 0.25m to 0.98m sub-circular in plan with diameters between 0.21m to and depths between 0.15m and 0.36m. The two largest 0.66m and depths between 0.05m and 0.17m. Four pits pits [1283 and 1290] contained evidence of burning in the [1092, 1094, 1096 and 1098] contained abundant charcoal form of charcoal-rich fills, with greater concentrations within the fill. The largest charcoal-rich pit [1096] also towards the base. The base of [1290] appeared to have contained seven sherds of prehistoric coarseware pottery been heat affected indicating that the burning in this pit (SF223) and three flint flakes. The pit next to this [1094] was in situ. also contained abundant prehistoric coarseware pottery (73 sherds, SF222). N

Illus 5 Pit Group 4

Pit Group 5 1425

1333 Structure 12

1342 264110 Structure 6 264245264195 848695 848635848695 1850 1396 1838 1400

1886 Illus 12b 1292 Structure 5 Illus 10 Illus 12a Structure 11 1524

1877 1294 2016 Illus 12d 1344 2017 1349 1836 2153 Illus 12c Illus 7 2284 2019 2252 Pit Group 7 2135 2040 Structure 9 2093 2090 2092 2322 2073 2309 2321 2075 Structure 7 2071 2307 a 2397 Structure 10 b

Illus 13 Structure 8

Illus 8

2010 2021 Pit Group 8 Pit Group 6 2063 2038 2041 2027 Illus 9a 2036 2108 0097 Key

Illus 9b site boundary structure pit pit group kiln 2087 ditch

0 15m 264110 264185264195 1:325@A3 848635 848635

Illus 4 Plan of Area 2B

STA110 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

N Pit Group 4 4.2 Area 2B (Illus 4) This area measured 4652m2 and contained c520

1310 archaeological features with the majority being pits 1302 1308 and post-holes. Several structures including three 1328 1303 roundhouses, four four-post structures and a rectangular 1322 building were present. In addition, several linear and curvilinear features represented a possible enclosure. The

1320 1315 majority of the pits were concentrated in five distinct 1318 1298 groups. 1305

Pit Group 4 (Illus 5) 0 5m Pit Group 4 was located in the north-west corner of Area 1:125@A4 2B and contained thirteen similar pits in close proximity; they were located in an area measuring only 6m by Illus 5 3.8m. The pits were circular or sub-circular in plan with Plan of Pit Group 4 diameters ranging from 0.4m to 0.75m. The majority had diameters between 0.5m and 0.65m. Depth varied between 0.12m and 0.37m. They were positioned in two Pit 1269 (Illus 3b) rough concentric arcs. This pit was located immediately to the west of Structure 1 and close enough that they could not be contemporary, Of the thirteen pits in this group, eight contained given that it is unlikely that the pit would have been prehistoric coarseware pottery [1298, 1302, 1303, 1308, excavated by the occupants of Structure 1 during its use. 1310, 1315, 1322 and 1328]. In addition, pit [1302] also It was oval in plan and measured 2.1m by 1.6m and was contained a cobble tool (SF236). Pit [1315] contained the 0.48m deep. The basal deposit [1276] was 0.07m thick most interesting pottery in the form of a complete flat base, and very charcoal-rich. Above this was heat-affected decorated with diagonal stabs/incisions; this was present orange sand [1275] up to 0.1m thick. Above this was in its lower fill [1330]. The upper fill [1316] contained another charcoal-rich deposit [1274] up to 0.4m thick. another eight sherds of pottery (SF245 and 248) and a 9 Above this was a second ash-rich, heat-affected deposit of broken saddle quern (SF228) that was dished on opposing orange silty sand [1273] up to 0.1m deep. The remainder faces. One face also has central pitting, possibly through of the pit was filled by 0.25m deep grey-brown sandy use as a working surface. This fill also contained charcoal silt [1272] indicative of rapid or deliberate back-filling. and burnt hazelnut shells. Both the charcoal-rich deposits contain large amounts of carbonised oat grains and some hulled barley which Several pits [1302, 1305, 1310, 1318, 1320 and 1322] suggest a medieval date for the pit (see Appendix 2). contained evidence of burning in the form of abundant charcoal, burnt hazelnut shells or heat-fractured stones though there was an absence of heat affected natural sand Pit 1238 (Illus 3c) around the cut of the pits suggesting that the burning was This pit was located immediately to the south of Structure not in situ. 1 and was remarkable for its depth in an area of severely truncated features. It was sub-circular in plan and had a diameter of 1.1m, 0.86m deep and contained three fills. Pit 1425 (Illus 4) The lower fill [1266] was 0.24m deep and contained To the east of Pit Group 4 was a large, oval, unusually abundant charcoal. A concentration of small rounded deep pit. It measured 1.77m by 1.55m and was 1.1m stones was present at the interface between [1266] and deep. The sides were nearly vertical apart from on the the deposit above [1240] which was a 0.45m deep orange- north where the pit was undercut. The primary fill of brown deposit containing small rounded stones and pieces the pit was a thin deposit of sandy gravel [1432] in which of charcoal. The upper fill [1239] was 0.32m deep dark two conjoining fragments of a ceramic mould (SF355), grey-brown and contained a greater abundance of stones possibly a deliberate deposition, were found, Above this than the fills below. A cobble tool, SF227, was recovered were a number of layers [1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1431, td 2011 td from this deposit. 1432, 1458, 1459 and 1463] three of which were bands of dark grey sand [1428, 1430 and 1432] likely to represent The remaining features in Area 2A consisted of discrete deposition of organic material into the pit. The remaining

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L pits with no evidence of their date or function, though fills were redeposited natural that appear to have slumped they are likely to relate to the settlement represented by from the sides of the pit. The sharp angle that some of the nearby structures. the deposits lay at, and the fact that some did not extend

illus 7 Plan of Structure 5

264265 264275 848560 848560

1702 1704 1693 1674 1622

1726 10 1512 1676

1739 1481 1679

1496

1732 1720

1454

Key

site boundary 264265 264275 structure 848545 848545 pit

0 5m

1:100@A4 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

been caused by a person climbing into/out of the pit for stones had little or no soil matrix between them [1821] reasons unknown rather than by natural silting if the pit and may represent a structure within the ring ditch or was left open during periods of rain. a structure, such as a dry stone wall, which had rapidly collapsed. This dry stone structure measured 2.75m in The upper fill [1426] was homogenous light grey-brown length, was up to 0.80m wide and in places stood to a sand with stones at the base and around the side of the height of 0.6m. pit particularly the SE quadrant. The deposit was deeper towards the centre of the pit to a maximum depth of The position of the ring-ditch coincides with the gap in 0.7m. At the base of the upper fill was a thin darker the post-ring which hints at their relationship. It is likely band measuring 0.02m. Above one of these layers [1431] that the ring-ditch belongs to a later phase of Structure was another thin band of grey-brown sand. These may 5 and that its construction has removed the post-holes in represent accumulation of organic material during stable this part of the post-ring as the building was modified. It periods of the pit’s use. One large stone at the base of is also possible that the ring-ditch belongs to a different deposit [1426], on the interface with the deposit below building altogether. [1458], turned out to be a large, complete saddle quern (SF244) that had been placed grinding face down. It The porch of Structure 5 also faced south-east but was seems likely that the quern was placed into the pit at the slightly more elongated and narrower that the other end of its use before it was backfilled. roundhouses. It consisted of two parallel rows of post- holes 3.5m long and 0.85m wide with number of postholes present suggesting replacement of the posts over time. Structure 5 (Illus 6 and 7) This was located in the north-west corner of Area 2B Within the post-ring and the ring ditch were c 30 pits or and represented the relatively well-preserved remains post-holes, the majority of which are likely to have been of a large roundhouse (Illus 6). It was first identified as related to the use of Structure 5. In addition a shallow an amorphous spread of darker charcoal-rich material depression containing abundant cobbles close to the centre containing large stones. This building’s construction of the roundhouse may have represented a formal surface. differed from the other roundhouses present and it The majority of the pits were concentrated to the rear of appeared to have been repaired numerous times. It also Structure 5 and were broadly similar in nature being oval contained a ring-ditch, numerous internal features and in plan and measuring c 0.5m to 0.7m across and between stone-built structural elements. 0.15 to 0.3m deep. The fills were very dark as they 11 contained frequent small pieces of charcoal. Several of the The post-ring of Structure 5 was less clearly discernible pits had artefacts within their fills with three [1676, 1702 than the other roundhouses owing to the numerous pits and 1704] containing sherds of prehistoric coarseware (SF and post-holes in the vicinity. The post-ring measured 336, 292 and 276 respectively). c 8m in diameter and was most coherent on the south- west half of the building. Here it consisted of pairs of Six pits contained stone artefacts relating to food posts placed at intervals of between 0.7m and 1.5m, with preparation; three pits containing rubbing stones were the post-holes alternating between 0.3m and 0.6m in located in the west side of the building with three diameter. The larger post-holes also tended to be deeper; containing fragments of saddle quern found in the up to 0.6m compared to 0.3m for the smaller post-holes. eastern half. Pit [1732], located close to the entrance of The east side of the roundhouse was much less coherent Structure 5, measured 0.93m in diameter and was 0.23m with only a few post-holes identified as belonging to the deep and contained abundant large angular stones in a post-ring; there was no evidence that these had been charcoal-rich matrix. An anvil, a sub-ovoid cobble with paired. one flat face which is lightly pitted at the centre (SF278) was present among the stones. To the west was pit [1720] Several post-holes contained stone artefacts that had been which also contained abundant stones and charcoal; a deliberately incorporated into the packing material. Post- rubbing stone (SF277) was present in this pit. Pit [1674] holes [1454] and [1481] contained rubbing stones (SF284 was located at the northern terminal of the ring-ditch and 256) and post-hole [1496] contained a fragment of a and also had a rubbing stone within its charcoal-rich fill saddle quern (SF289). (SF292). In the eastern half was Pit [1622] which was the largest associated with Structure 5 and also appears to The ring-ditch [1512], present on the building’s north- pre-date the ring ditch. It measured 1.40m by 1.20m and td 2011 td east half, was penanular in plan with a length of 10.4m was 0.75m deep. The lower fill, 1790, contained a large and a maximum width of 1.6m. The depth of the ring fragment of saddle quern (SF294). Above this a posthole ditch increased closer to the entrance from a minimum of belonging to the main post-ring of Structure 5 had been

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 0.05m to a maximum of 0.3m. At the southern terminal set/cut into the pit. Pits [1693] and [1726] to the west of were two deeper, pit-like oval depressions that contained [1622] also contained fragments of saddle querns (SF286 abundant large sub-rounded stones whose frequency and 288).

264152 264167 848675 848675

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2132

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Structure 7

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Illus 8 Detail of area around structure 7 & 8

The stony depression [1679] was roughly oval in plan and Pit Group 5 (Illus 4) measured 2.2m by 1.3m and was 0.15m deep. The stones Pit Group 5 contained 22 pits and was located in the were a spread of poorly sorted sub-rounded cobbles sized north-west corner of Area 2B and appeared to have in a matrix of find grey/brown sand. This could be the respected Structure 5. It is logical to assume that the remains of a rough cobbled surface but this is speculative. majority of the pits in this area were contemporary with A small iron clench nail (SF272 was recovered from the roundhouse. amongst the stones but may be intrusive. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

In the north-east area of Pit Group 5 were three pits was grey-brown sand [1526] containing some randomly that shared similar characteristics being elongated ovals distributed medium sized stone, rare charcoal and small in plan and very shallow. The northernmost [1333] was pieces of burnt bone. Thirty-two sherds of coarseware oriented east to west, measured 2.5m by 0.54m and was (SF266), mostly body sherds and one flat base sherd, were 0.16m deep. The fill [1332] was very dark brown-grey recovered from throughout the pit as well as a whetstone sand that contained some charcoal flecks; medium-sized with two opposing whetting planes (SF267). rounded stones were concentrated towards the centre.

Approximately 3m to the east was pit [1342]. This was Structure 7 (Illus 8) oriented north-west to south-east, measured 2.4m by 1.45m Structure 7 was located in the centre of Area 2B. It consisted and was 0.23m deep. The basal fill [1341] was yellow-brown of a post-ring and an entrance porch positioned to face south- sand likely to be redeposited natural. Above this was very east. The post-ring was 4.95m in diameter and contained nine dark brown-grey sand [1340] similar to the fill of pit 1333 post-holes placed at intervals ranging from 1.35m to 1.85m. though it was relatively free of stone in comparison. The post-holes were circular in plan, between 0.3m and 0.44m in diameter, and 0.1m to 0.3m deep. The posts that The third pit [1400] was immediately to the east of formed the entrance to the post ring were 2.55m apart. The Structure 5 and was oriented north to south. It measured porch was formed by a pair of post-holes [2162 and 2168], 3.3m by 1.3m, was 0.34m deep and was filled by very dark 2.55m apart, which had been placed 1.73m from the post- brown-grey sand [1399] containing some charcoal flecks ring. These were sub-circular in plan and measured between and heat-fractured stone; like pit 1333, medium-sized 0.3m and 0.4m in diameter. They were between 0.11m and rounded stones were concentrated towards the centre. 0.14m deep. One post-hole [2159] contained a 0.13m wide Fifteen sherds of coarseware pottery (SF 241 and 353) charcoal-rich post-pipe [2160] and another [2132] had in situ and a cobble tool, SF 354 possibly a grinder or rubber, packing stones around the lip of the cut. Two post-holes [2061 were recovered from this feature. and 2096] had fragments of ceramic mould (SF320 and 324 respectively) within their fills [2062 and 2097]. The majority of the pits in this group were located to the west of Structure 5 with many containing no evidence of their date To the north of Structure 7 was a cluster of c60 pits and or function though several are worthy of note. Pit [1396] was post-holes mostly distributed randomly. There was little oval in plan measured 1.2m by 1.05 and was 0.32m deep. It evidence of date or function within their fills, though contained two sherds of coarseware pottery, one in the upper they could have been related to Structure 7 given their 13 fill [1397] (SF240) and the other in the lower [1398] (SF253). proximity. Within this group of features, to the north- west, were two arcs of post-holes that could represent the Two other pits [1344 and 1349] contained artefacts with remains of a small structure, such as a windbreak. the charcoal-rich lower fill of 1344 containing a sherd of coarseware pottery (SF238). Pit [1349] contained two cobble tools (SF232 and 233) in its single fill [1350]. Structure 8 (Illus 8) This rectangular structure was located to the south-east of Two pits [1292 and 1294] were notable for their size and Structure 7 and measured 1.9m by 1.75m. It was formed by depth relative to the other pits in the group. Pit [1292] a single post-hole at three of the corners [2186, 2248 and was oval in plan, measured 2m by 1.48m, was 0.46m deep 2250], between 0.3m and 0.5m in diameter and 0.07 and and contained three fills [1293, 1313 and 1314]. Each fill 0.1m deep, and by two small post-holes [2210 and 2212], contained varying levels of redeposited natural, the upper 0.2m in diameter and 0.06 and 0.1m deep, at the other. The fill [1293] contained small flecks of charcoal. Pit [1294] post-hole at the south-west corner [2186] contained four was located 1.8m to the south-east, was oval in plan, fragments of clay mould (SF340) in its single fill [2187]. measured 2.2m by 1.3m and was 0.74m deep. Like pit [1292], it contained three fills. The lower fill [1311] was Two features 1.15m to the east of Structure 8 were likely a 0.1m deep layer of redeposited natural. Above this was to have been post-holes forming an additional part of the slumped, redeposited sand deposit [1312] only present in structure. The northernmost [2214] was oval in plan and the eastern side. The upper fill [1293] contained abundant measured 0.64m by 0.3m and was 0.4m deep. Its fill [2215] large stones within a dark brown sandy matrix. contained four fragments of clay mould (SF341). The posthole to the south [2254] was circular in plan, had a diameter of 0.55m and was 0.16m deep. The fill [2255] contained td 2011 td Pit 1524 (Illus 4) abundant charcoal, two sherds of coarseware pottery This pit was located c 8.5m to the south-east of Structure (SF343a) and two fragments of clay mould (SF343b). 5 and was unusually large. It was oval in plan and

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L measured 4.15m by 2.7m. It had very shallow sloping sides and was up to 0.35m deep. The lower of the two Pit Group 6 (Illus 4) fills present within the pit [1525] was a 0.1m deep layer of Pit Group 6 was located in the south-west corner of

2109 illus 9a 2120 N facing section of pit [2108] 2108 2140

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2037 illus 9b SE facing section of pit [2036] 2056

2036

0 50cm Key 1:20@A4 charcoal rich area burnt clay clay stone

14 measuring c.22m by 23m. The distribution of the pits in redeposited natural. The upper fill [2037] was 0.4m deep this group seems random apart from a line of four large and contained 48 fragments of ceramic mould (SF319 and pits towards the centre of the group and a small cluster of 349) and a sherd of coarseware pottery (SF350). pit with charcoal-rich fills. While the majority of the pits contained no evidence of their date and function, several Pit [2021] was located towards the northern edge of the contained fragments of ceramic moulds. group and was a ‘figure-of-8’ shape in plan measuring 0.9m by 0.85m at its widest. It was 0.2m deep and contained The line of four large pits in the middle of the group was two fills. The lower fill [2023] was only present on the oriented NNW to SSE and were placed at intervals of east side of pit and was a 0.08m thick deposit of very dark between 1.2m and 1.6m. Three of the pits [2010, 2027 and grey-brown sandy silt containing abundant charcoal. 97] (pit 97 was excavated during the 2008 evaluation), were The upper [2022] contained a total of 115 fragments of circular in plan with diameters between 1.35 and 1.6m ceramic mould (SF314, 316, and 317b), a single sherd of with depths between 0.15m and 0.2m. They were filled by coarseware pottery (SF317b) and small pieces of industrial dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. Pit [2027] waste in the form of three small pieces of iron slag and a contained an iron clench nail (SF315) and a small piece of small fragment of vitrified slag. iron slag. The fourth pit [2108] was oval in plan and measured 1.06m by 0.7m. It was 0.3m deep and contained three fills Two other pits contained small numbers of mould (Illus 9a). The lower fill [2140] contained rare charcoal and fragment. Pit [2063] contained two small fragments. no artefacts. The middle fill [2120] contained less charcoal Pit [2041] contained five mould fragments (SF334) and and 35 fragments of ceramic mould (SF330), the majority of abundant charcoal. which appear to be from the mould for a copper alloy sickle. The upper fill [2109] contained abundant charcoal and 40 Pit [2038] on the northern edge of the larger pit [2027] fragments of ceramic mould (SF332). had a diameter of 0.48m and was 0.22m deep. It contained a rubbing stone (SF318) within its stone-rich fill [2039]. Another four pits in Pit Group 6 contained pieces of Though they physically overlap, the relationship between ceramic mould. Pit [2036] was located to at the western pits [2038] and [2027] was not visible. edge of the group (Illus 9b). It was circular in plan, had a diameter of 1.9m and was 0.65m deep. The lower Pit [2087] located on the southern edge of Area 2B, was fill [2056] was orange-brown sand likely to have been the only other pit containing artefacts in Pit Group 6. It Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Key 256221 256233 848634 1770 structure 848634 2243 pit stone

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1:75@A4 15 Illus 10 Plan of Structure 6

was unusual compared to the pits across the rest of the The construction of the eastern part of the building is less site in that it was rectangular in plan. It measured 1.8m clear. If a circle, with a diameter of 5m, is extrapolated by 1.1m and was 0.2m deep. The fill [2088] contained from the arc of post-holes on the west side then a further rare charcoal flecks and one sherd of medieval redware three post-holes [1826, 2245 and 2243]) would lie on it. pottery (SF322). This could be the remains of an incomplete post-ring with a group of post-holes to the east [1815, 1811, 2226 A small cluster of pits with charcoal-rich fills was located and 2240] also being part of this. A series of post-holes between pits [2036] and [097]. It consisted of five pits with to the east [1799, 1797, 1803, 1805, 1807, 1809 and 1813] diameters between 0.3m and 0.5m; they were extremely formed a 2m wide porch. The post-holes in this area had shallow with a maximum depth of 0.1m. similar dimensions to those forming the arc to the west and were of similar depths.

Structure 6 (Illus 10) In amongst the post-holes forming Structure 6 was an This building was located in the northern half of Area 2B amorphous spread of dark, charcoal-rich sand [1849] and was a circular structure with a south-east facing porch measuring 4.15m by 2.88m with a depth of 0.08m. and a large hearth-setting in the interior. The western This spread also contained small pieces of burnt bone half of the building was clearly defined and consisted of and a piece of ceramic mould (SF321). It surrounded an an arc of six closely-spaced post-holes [1759, 1761, 1763, extremely large, flat pink-red conglomerate stone [2003] td 2011 td 1765, 1767 and 1919] placed at intervals of between 0.6m that had been heat-affected and is interpreted as a hearth and 1m. The post-holes were slightly oval in plan and setting. The stone was sub-rectangular, measured 1.1m by measured between 0.6m by 0.5m and 0.5m by 0.4m with 0.96m and was 0.25m thick. This stone had been snugly

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L depths between 0.1m and 0.25m. The largest post-hole set into a shallow pit [2004] that measured 1.35m by 1m [1767] contained a whetstone (SF300) and a small saddle and was 0.24m deep. The fill of the pit [2002] occupied quern (SF301) within its fill [1766]. the space between the stone and the edge of the cut and

likely that the hearth was associated with Structure 6 stones, charcoal and some rare burnt bone. A cobble tool, though this is not certain. a possible rubber/grinder (SF338), was recovered from the fill. Two features located close to the hearth are of note as they were likely to have been either post-holes with To the east of the hearth, and abutting the large stone, well-constructed packing stones or small stone-lined was a spread of cobbles [2005], some fire-cracked, within pits. The closest to the hearth was [2026] which was a dark brown sandy matrix containing charcoal and burnt located immediately to the north. It was oval in plan bone. This was set into 0.1m deep depression measuring and measured 0.56m by 0.44m and was 0.3m deep. The 0.93m by 0.4m. fill [2024] was very dark grey sand containing abundant charcoal, occasional fire-cracked stones and burnt bone Several pits were located in or near Structure 6 and may fragments. Stones had been placed around the lip of the have been related. The largest [1770] measured 1.3m by cut and appear to have been laid in an anti-clockwise 1.15m and was 0.77m deep. At the base of the pit was direction with stones overlapping. They were up to 0.3m light grey sand [1828] sealed by redeposited natural sand by 0.2m by 0.03m in size and edge-set; smaller stones [1827]. Above this was a dark brown fine sand deposit used to fill gaps and brace the larger ones (Illus 11). [1823] containing occasional cobbles. A layer of cobbles [1822] that extended across the majority of the pit, was The other similar feature [2001] was located just to the present above [1823] and below a layer of dark orange west and was circular and slightly larger with a diameter sand [1769]. The upper fill [1768] contained a number of 0.59m and a depth of 0.30m. Three large flat edge- of heat-fractured stones as well as abundant charcoal and set stones had been placed in northern half of the pit. some burnt bone. A cobble tool (SF297) likely to be a Small cobbles were placed around the lip of the pit on the rubber was recovered from this deposit. south side and a square flat stone had been placed at the base as a post-pad. The fill of the post-hole/pit [1999] was Pit [1869] was located centrally within Structure 6, was similar to that of [2026] and also contained fire-cracked oval in plan, measured 0.92m by 0.6m and was 0.24m Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

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2043 2016 illus 12a NE facing section through rectilinear feature [2016]

S N

2016 2043 illus 12b 2044 E facing section through rectilinear feature [2016] 2046 2045

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2194 2020 cuts 2017 illus 12d 2020 SW NE 2196 W facing section through feature [2017] Key 2017 2196 2198 2422 2420 charcoal layer 2417 2195 orange layer 2416 brown sand deposit 2418 2421 natural 0 50cm stone 1:20@A4 2419 natural 0 50cm 2423 1:20@A4 deep. The fill [1868] contained abundant charcoal pieces, Possible enclosure and Pit Group 7 (Illus 4) heat-fractured stones and burnt bone and may have been This pit group was located in the north-east part of a cooking pit or small hearth. To the south, and also Area 2B and contained c50 small pits or post-holes. within Structure 6, was pit [1735]. It was circular and They were partially contained within the remains of a td 2011 td had a diameter of 0.85m with a depth of 0.25m. It had possible rectilinear enclosure and it is likely that they are a similar fill {1736] to pit [1869] but was more charcoal- contemporary. rich. A cobble tool likely to be a hammerstone (SF280)

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L and a fragment of ceramic mould were present in the fill The majority of the pits contained little evidence of their of this pit. The pits in this part of Structure 6 were masked date or function, were filled with dark brown sand, with by spread 1849 and are likely to be earlier in date. little or no environmental remains, and were between

W E

2409 2398 Key 2397 2402 stone 2404 charcoal layer 2404 2413 2406 2403 2407 b

NW 2400 SE

2399 2389 2402 2401 2405

0 50cm 2397 2408 2406 2404 1:20@A4 2407 2403

Illus 13a SE facing section if grain-drying kiln [2397]

Illus 13b SW facing section if grain-drying kiln [2397]

possible that some of the pits were post-holes though its fill had infiltrated animal burrows (they were darker their distribution appeared to be fairly random and it is along the course of the ditch). 18 not possible to discern any coherent structures. Two pits contained artefactual evidence within their Structure 11 (Illus 4) fills. Pit [1886] may have been a post-hole on account of This structure was located in the north-east corner possible packing stones being present, one of which was of Area 2B and was formed by two ditches that could a fragment of saddle quern (SF310). The other pit [1877] represent the remains of a small enclosure or building that had a cobble tool (SF311) present in the fill [1878]. was oriented north to south and measured 8m by 3.4m. The gap between the ditches was 1m and this seems likely The remains of a possible rectilinear enclosure, measuring to represent an entrance to the structure. There was no 17m by 14m, consisted of several shallow linear features ditch present to the east and this coupled with the fact that could represent segments of ditch. They all had that the ditches had terminals rather than petering out, very similar dark brown sandy fills with rare flecks of suggests that either Structure 11 was open on this side or charcoal and small stones. The largest segment [1838] was that the construction technique used on this part of the oriented north to south and measured 8.9m by 0.95m. building left no trace in the archaeological record. It was only 0.11m deep and filled with dark brown sand with occasional stones [1839]. To the south of this was a The northern ditch [2016] was L-shaped in plan and shorter length of ditch [1836] this was also oriented north measured 3.95m north to south and 3.1m east to west. to south measured 3.7m by 1.05m and was 0.16m deep. It was 0.9m wide for the majority of its length but There was a gap of 2m between these ditches that may tapered to 0.5m at the southern end which also contained represent an entrance, with a series of small post-holes abundant large stones within the fill [2043]; these could placed across this gap possibly being a modification to be the remains of packing stones used to support posts this. (Illus 12a). Towards the north the ditch was relatively stone-free and contained up to four fills (Illus 12b). At The north side of the enclosure was represented by a the base was a 0.1m deep deposit of orange heat-affected section of ditch [1850] that measured 4.2m by 1m and ashy sand suggesting that this part of the ditch had been was 0.12m deep. The east side of the enclosure was subjected to an in situ burning event, the remnants of represented by a similarly dimensioned section of ditch which were represented by a thin band of black silty sand that was oriented north to south. These two ditches were [2046] containing abundant charcoal. Above this was a joined by an extremely ephemeral curvilinear that was lens of redeposited natural sand [2044] that is likely to only visible as a staining of the sandy natural and where have resulted from weathering but could be a deliberate

sair

20m Tigh- N 2438 1:350@A3 Illus 14 264120 848480 264120 848530 2440 0 Plan of Area 3 and sections through [2454], [2479] & [2482] of Area 3 and sections through Plan a 2454 2464 c c N b 50cm 2481 shell deposit stone 1:20@A3 Key 0 2470 2464 264060 848530 264060 848480 2466 2466 b 50cm 2489 2465 2466 2466 2490 1:20@A3 shell deposit gravel rich layer charcoal stone S Key 0 2515 2518 2521 2516 2529 2514 2519 2523 a 50cm 2454 2491 2470 2513 2517 2520 2522 2524 2525 1:20@A3 0 2449 2480 2529 2481 2479 N S EW Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

21 Illus 15 View of half sectioned pit [2481], looking east

deposition of sand use to quell the fire. The upper fill was a 0.05m thick deposit of pink/orange heat-affected was deposit [2043] also present at the terminal described sand [2197]. The first of the charcoal-rich deposits [2195] above. was present above this and was 0.05m thick. Above this were alternating layers of dark brown sand and The southern half of Structure 11 was formed by a redeposited natural [2194] that had a combined thickness curvilinear ditch [2252] with a post-hole, [2356] at its of 0.25m. Above this was the second charcoal-rich deposit northern end. The ditch was 2.95m long, 0.4m wide and [2092]. Above this was the upper fill of the pit which was up to 0.27m deep. It contained three fills The basal fill a dark brown sand deposit [2089] containing lenses of of dark brown sand [2330] was sealed by a 0.1m thick redeposited natural. There were abundant large stones lens of redeposited natural [2329]. The upper fill [2328] present in this deposit at the west end of the pit. These was dark brown sand similar to the basal fill. The post- had probably been used to backfill the pit and may have hole at the northern end was oval in plan and measured come from an upstanding feature related to the function 0.7m by 0.5m with a depth of 0.2m. It contained similar of the pit, which is not clear at present. It was initially dark brown sand [2357] to that found in the ditch to the interpreted as a possible grain-drying kiln but the paucity south. of carbonised cereal grain in the environmental samples suggests this is unlikely. An extremely shallow linear feature [2019] was present next to ditch [2254] and may have been part of Structure td 2011 td 11. It was 2.7m long, 0.05m deep and was 0.4m wide Structures 9 and 10 (Illus 4) These were two large four-post structures located near Within Structure 11, towards the southern end was a the eastern edge of Area 2B in close proximity to one

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L large oblong pit [2017] measuring 3.1m by 1.35m and another. The northernmost, Structure 9, was formed by with a depth of 0.8m. The pit was filled by a series of nine four post-holes forming a square in plan with the sides deposits, including two that were extremely charcoal rich 2.5m in length. The post-hole present in the north-east

A sherd of decorated prehistoric pottery (SF344) was majority had a single fill that contained no evidence of recovered from the fill [2284]. The other three post-holes their date or function. Two pits were more informative, were larger and measured up to 1.2m in diameter and as one contained multiple burning events and is likely to 0.35m deep. Two post-holes [2135 and 2040] contained have been a grain-drying kiln, while another contained large angular stones (up to 0.3 in size) that are likely to be artefactual evidence in the form of ceramic mould packing stones. Post-hole [2040] had a large saddle quern fragments. fragment (SF328) deliberately placed into its fill. It is likely that the quern fragment was either deposited with The grain-drying kiln [2397] was ‘keyhole’ shaped in plan, the packing stones during the construction of Structure was oriented north-west to south-east and had a length 9 or it may be have been placed there at the end of the of 3m (Illus 13a and 13b)). The wider part of the kiln structure’s use as a part of a ritual to ‘close’ the structure. measured 1.4m narrowing to 0.95m at the south-east end. The wider end was also deeper at 0.48m with the narrow Structure 10 was located 2.3m to the south and was end being 0.1m deep. The kiln contained evidence of larger than Structure 9 with sides of 3.2m. Each corner several in situ burning events. At the base of the kiln was a of the structure had two post-holes suggesting that post thin band of yellow sand [2408] above which was a 0.03m replacement had taken place. The post-holes were oval in thin layer of black silty sand [2407] containing abundant plan with sizes between 0.8m by 0.6m up to 1.1m by 0.8m. charcoal. Sealing this was a 0.05m thick band of pink/ Depths ranged between 0.25m to 0.5m. The majority of the orange sand representing an ashy, heat affected deposit post-holes contained large angular stones likely to represent [2406]. Above this was a 0.17m thick deposit consisting collapsed packing stones. To the east was a pair of smaller mostly of charcoal [2402] with a lens of heat-affected ashy post-holes in a similar arrangement to Structure 8. sand [2403] towards the top of the deposit. The upper fill of the kiln consisted of grey-brown silty sand [2389] containing rare small pieces of charcoal and small stones, Pit Group 8 (Illus 4) this was 0.2m deep. This appears to have accumulated This pit group was located in the eastern part of Area 2B once the kiln had ceased being used. to the south of Pit Group 7 and contained 21 pits. The Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

The environmental samples taken from the kiln had enclosure would have been oval in plan and had a length roughly equal amounts of carbonised oat, specifically the of c26m and a width of 21m. black oat, and barley. The grain remaining in the kiln deposits is likely to reflect the last use of the kiln before The section of palisade to the east, 2438, was 13.7m long, abandonment with processing of the crop likely to have up to 0.8m wide and had a maximum depth of 0.3m. been carried out piecemeal throughout the year, creating It was filled with stony dark brown sandy gravel. No in the lenses seen in kiln [2397] with grain being dried when situ packing stones were present in any of the excavated necessary (Holden, 2006). slots.

The other pit of note in Pit Group 8 [2321] was located The section of the palisade trench to the west [2454] was c 2.5m to the north-east of the kiln. It was oval in plan, longer and, towards the southern end, more substantial measured 2.7m by 1.5m, a depth of 0.6m and contained than that to the east. It had a length of 28.5m, was up a total of seven fills. to 0.7m wide and was best-preserved where it met the limit of excavation. Here it survived to a depth of 0.5m The basal fill was fine grey-brown sand [2375] up to and was 0.65m wide. The sides were vertical and packing 0.05m deep. Above this was a 0.15m thick layer of yellow stones were present in situ pressed up against both sides of sand [2374] likely to be natural subsoil slumped in from the cut (Illus 14a). Abundant stones likely to be disturbed the edges of the pit. Above this was a 0.05m thick deposit packing material were also present. of mottled dark brown fine sand [2373] with occasional small stones which had also been sealed by a further layer Only two pits were present within the enclosure and it of redeposited natural [2372]. Above this was a 0.15m is not clear if they are related to or contemporary with thick deposit of mottled dark brown/black sand [2351] the palisade. They were fairly unremarkable containing with frequent angular fire-cracked stones and occasional little evidence of their function. The larger [2440] was charcoal pieces. The deposit above this was dark yellow sub-rectangular in plan, had a wide of 1.9m and was 0.2m brown fine sand [2320] with occasional small stones that deep. The stony fill [2441] contained small pieces of daub contained 38 fragments of ceramic mould. The uppermost (SF352) and an iron object attached to small pieces of fill was a 0.18m deep dark grey charcoal-rich sand [2319] carbonised wood (SF348). containing abundant stones. Pit [2464] (Illus 14c and 15) 23 Structure 12 (Illus 4) This was located 6.9m to the west of the enclosure and Structure 12 was a four-post structure that was located on was an extremely large pit with a diameter of 4.9m and a the north edge of Area 2B. It consisted of four post-holes depth of 1.3m. The sides were fairly evenly sloping. The arranged in a square with 2.7m long sides. The post-holes lower deposits of the pit consisted of light greyish brown were 0.6m in diameter and up to 0.25m deep. stony gravel [2490] with the larger stones concentrated towards the centre. Above this was a band of light brown gravel [2466] that contained abundant marine shells. The 4.3 Area 3 (Illus 14) upper fill [2465] was up to 0.4m deep and very charcoal- rich. It contained abundant rounded stones with the This area measured 3408m2 and contained 26 larger ones concentrated towards the centre of the pit. archaeological features including a palisaded enclosure Small pieces of iron slag and animal bone was present in with the rest of the features being pits, two of which this deposit. were remarkable for their size. The remaining pits were distributed randomly across Area 3 and contained no Three small post-holes were present around the edges of evidence of their date or function. This area differed the pit and may have related to its function. from Areas 2A and 2B in that it was located on across a ridge on higher ground. Pit [2481] (Illus 14b and 16) This was located 7m to the north-west of pit [2464] and Palisaded enclosure was similar in form to pit [1425] located in Area 2B. It This was located towards the east end of Area 3 and was circular in plan with a diameter of 2.05m. The sides despite the shallowness of the topsoil, which was as were nearly vertical and it had a depth of 1.2m. Like pit td 2011 td little as 0.15m in some places. This feature had not been [1425] in Area 2b, it contained numerous fills (fifteen visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs. It was also in total) that included redeposited natural and deposits severely truncated to such an extent that it was absent containing anthropogenic material. At the base of the pit

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L for about a third of its visible length leaving two sections was a primary fill of redeposited natural orange brown of palisade trench. Despite the truncation, and the fact sand and gravel [2525]. Above this was another band 0.1m the southernmost part of the enclosure lay outwith the thick of redeposited natural [2524] that was paler than

© H eadland A limit of excavation, it was possible to determine that the the one below. A number of large flat deliberately placed stones, including a fragment of saddle quern (SF357), deposited shortly after they were used. Preliminary used as a possible lining amongst were present at the examination of these moulds suggests a late Bronze interface of [2524] and the deposit above [2522]. This Age date (Fraser Hunter pers com). The best preserved was 0.15m thick and consisted of dark brown loamy sand example shows the impression of a double-edged curving with rare inclusions of charcoal. Above this was a similar blade with a rounded tip [2120], provisionally identified deposit [2520] which had a darker lens rich in charcoal as a sickle. The moulds represent an important assemblage on the south side. This deposit contained a fragment of adding significantly to the number of Bronze Age moulds ceramic mould (SF366). Above this were several thin known from Scotland. layers of sand light grey and dark brown sand. The upper fill [2513] was up to 0.63m deep and contained abundant charcoal, stones, marine shell and animal bone suggesting 5.3 Metalworking waste this was a midden deposit. It also contained evidence of metalworking including plano-convex slag cakes (SF362 In addition to the moulds described above, a large amount and 363), iron slag (SF359 and 364) and fragments of of metalworking slags, furnace lining and other waste ceramic mould associated with non-ferrous metalworking material was recovered, spread through a number of (SF358 and 365). contexts in Areas 2B and 3. This material was quantified by weight rather than sherd count and totalled 16.665kg. In the vicinity of pit 2481 are several post-holes that form Much of the material appears to relate to iron-working, three corners of a square with sides measuring 3.5m and though has yet to be examined in detail. Amongst it is possible that represents a four-post structure and that these finds are three plano-convex slag cakes. All are pit [2481] has truncated the south-west corner posthole. fairly small, dense and are likely to have been produced during smithing. Two of these cakes, as well as a large concentration of slag was found in Area 3 pit [2481]. 5. Summary of artefact assemblage Included in this section due to the problem of separating it from furnace lining material is a large quantity (up to 5.1 Prehistoric pottery 6.123kg) of burnt daub found in Area 1. Daub impressions within this clay and a lack of metal-working residues There were 317 sherds of coarse prehistoric pottery. All indicate this material is likely to be the remains of burnt 24 datable examples were Neolithic but it is possible that wattle and daub structures. some of the undiagnostic sherds may be later in date. The evidence for Bronze Age activity in Area 2B suggests that more of the pottery may belong to that period. 5.4 Coarse stone finds

One fairly fine unstratified sherd with a gentle carination There were 51 finds of coarse stone tools. These included may be from an early to middle Neolithic carinated bowl 13 saddle querns, rubbers, hammerstones, whetstones, vessel. It came from the vicinity of pit [1750] in Area 2B, an anvil, and a possible cresset lamp. Saddle querns and where a saddle quern was also discovered. The pottery their associated rubbers were found in all areas, but from Area 2A also has characteristics typical of Neolithic were particularly concentrated in Area 2A and 2B. The carinated bowls. greatest numbers were found in Area 2B, but the densest concentration was found in Area 2A, where three querns Most of the North Kessock pottery has impressed or and two rubbers were found in the same spread ([1192] incised decoration and heavy, bevelled rims typical and [1193]). of Impressed Ware of middle to later Neolithic date (MacSween 2001; 2008). 5.5 Chipped stone finds

5.2 Ceramic moulds A total of 5 finds of chipped stone were recovered from 2B. Only two of these finds were diagnostic: a scale The site yielded a large collection of 309 fragments of flaked knife from Area 1 is probably of later Neolithic or piece-moulds. These were found across 19 contexts, early Bronze Age date; while a small retouched blade is located in pits in the south of Area 2B. Several contexts also likely to date to the Neolithic period. had high concentrations of fragments; these include [2022] 115 pieces, [2037] 48 pieces, [2109] 40 pieces, [2120] 35 pieces and [2320] 38 pieces. 5.6 Metalwork

The moulds are very fragmentary, hindering the There were ten metal finds, nine of iron, one of copper identification of the items being cast, but the impressions alloy. These were concentrated in Area 2B. Several of the within them are remarkably fresh suggesting these were iron objects are yet to be identified due to thick layers Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

of corrosion products. Others are readily identifiable An increase in agricultural activity is evidenced by large as nails. Two nails came from contexts associated with abundances of grain recovered in the samples processed the Area 2B roundhouses [1506] and [1516], though it from four samples taken from the fills of a large pit [1269] is unclear as yet if these provide dating evidence for the in Area 2A and the samples taken from the excavated structures or are intrusive. Context [1506] also contained grain-drying kiln [2397] in Area 2B. a sherd of post-medieval pottery suggesting some degree of later disturbance in this area. The copper alloy find Sample 528 taken from a charcoal-rich layer [1274] was a small fragment of folded sheet, largely undiagnostic within the large pit [1269] produced a large quantity of of function or date. well preserved oat grain with lesser amounts of hulled barley grain and was the only sample processed found to contain more oat than barley. Samples 532 taken from 5.7 Glass finds the upper fill [1272] of the pit and 535 from the basal fill [1276] showed slightly smaller amounts of oat and barley But for a few fragments of clearly modern glass recovered while Sample 533 taken from the middle fill [1273] only from sample retents, the only glass finds were one contained a very small amount of abraded indeterminate small bead. This is a small plain globular example of an cereal. opaque white glass, found in Area 2B context [1485]. It is of uncertain date and with no finds associated with it, The only other environmental finds recovered from the cannot be ascribed to a particular period as yet. pit samples were occasional fragments of charcoal. A large quantity of grain present within a deposit, the absence of weed seeds and other domestic materials, along with 5.8 Medieval to post-medieval pottery evidence of regular burning suggests the feature may have been used as a storage pit for part of a cleaned crop with Five medieval to post-medieval pottery sherds were carbonisation of the grain perhaps occurring while the recovered, dating between the 13th and the 17th pit was cleansed using fire. Cleaning of a storage pit with centuries. All were found in Area 2A and 2B. Only two fire to avoid spoilage of grain by fungal diseases and other were stratified: a medieval sherd from context [2088] and forms of contamination would have been a common a post medieval sherd from context [1506]. occurrence in the days prior to large scale agricultural improvements (Fairweather, 1989) and is seen in a similar storage pit in the Highlands such as that excavated at 25 6. Summary of environmental Inchkeil, Duffus, Moray (Shepherd & Shepherd, 1989). remains The kiln samples are again dominated by hulled barley The charred plant remains from Bellfield have produced suggesting that it was the main agricultural product of little evidence of early prehistoric cereal cultivation the area and the most popular cereal throughout the with only a small number of samples containing grains occupation of the site. It does appear, however, that the of naked barley and emmer wheat which are commonly cultivation of oat increases with samples 1204 and 1207 associated with the late Neolithic and Bronze Periods. taken from the fills [2402 and 2407] of the kiln having The small number of cereal remains suggests either that roughly equal amounts of oat, specifically the black this material hasn’t survived or that only small-scale oat, and barley. Both hulled barley and black oat were (domestic) processing was taking place. A number of primary cultivars in the Scottish Highlands throughout features did, however, produce artefactual evidence for the medieval and post-medieval periods and would have early grain processing with a large number of saddle quern been expected on sandy soils above the Beauly Firth. fragments, rubbing and pounding stones (cf Summary of artefact assemblage above). The grain remaining in the kiln deposits is likely to reflect the last use of the kiln before abandonment with The charred grain assemblage of samples from contexts processing of the crop likely to have been carried out associated with the later prehistoric occupation is piecemeal throughout the year with grain being dried dominated by small amounts of hulled barley with lesser when necessary (Holden, 2006). The majority of farms quantities of oat, club-bread wheat, spelt wheat and or small group of farms would have had their own grain rye and is similar to other Iron Age assemblages across drying kiln as the cool climate with moist summers would Scotland (eg Pollock et al, 1992; Banks et al, 2001). Hulled deem it necessary to dry the grain for malting, for use in td 2011 td barley was being cultivated in Scotland from the Iron Age the following year and before grinding (Fenton 1978). onwards when it replaced the naked variety. Occasional oat grains have also been recovered from Iron Age sites Evidence for the utilisation of wild food resources is

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L although these tend to be present only in small quantities evident throughout the occupation of the site with the (Boyd 1998) and are probably contaminants of the barley remains of charred nutshell, burnt bone and marine crop. shell all recovered in abundance. The presence of hazel

© H eadland A nutshell, together with the burnt bone and shell suggests food was gathered (and possibly hunted) and consumed the prehistoric and Early Historic/medieval periods at the site. based on the artefactual and environmental remains present in some of the features as well as the presence of Sample 436, taken from the single fill [1095] of pit [1094] roundhouses. They will be discussed below under these in Pit Group 1 was found to contain the largest amount of general headings. hazel nutshell fragments in any of the processed samples, along with abundant charcoal and two sherds of coarse ware and sixty-four lumps of pottery. Sample 437, taken 7.1 Prehistoric activity from the single fill of pit [1094], was found to contain common nutshell fragments, abundant charcoal up to The prehistoric remains were by far the more extensive 4cm², early prehistoric pottery and lithics. The assemblage and show this area was settled from the Neolithic onwards. as a whole from these samples is suggestive of food refuse They include evidence of settlement, agricultural and being disposed of into the pits. The disposal of food waste industrial activity. The settlement evidence comprised the into pits is seen at early prehistoric sites across the UK remains of six roundhouses; three in Area 2A and three (e.g. Barclay et al, 2002; Timpany et al, 2009) and seems in 2B. They are much smaller than the large roundhouse to be a preferred method of disposal. Sample 439, taken excavated in Area 1 (this building was dated broadly to from the upper fill [1083] of pit [1081] in Pit Group 2, the late Iron Age) and are much earlier in date based which showed evidence of in situ burning also showed on associated artefacts. Several of the roundhouses had common nutshell fragments. Together with the charred artefacts associated with food preparation deliberately nutshell, the sample also contained abundant charcoal deposited within their post-holes and pits. These consisted and burnt bone .The assemblage as a whole may suggest of fragments of saddle querns and rubbing stones, both the remains of an isolated cooking pit. The sample also used in the grinding of grain, suggesting a Bronze Age or contained modern glass indicating the deposits containing early Iron Age date for the roundhouses. The roundhouse the nutshell and burnt bone was later disturbed. Charred were architecturally similar, with porches facing south- hazel nuts are ubiquitous across prehistoric sites in the east, and their distribution suggests that at least some could UK and are likely to have formed one of the main staples be contemporary and that a small settlement comprising to the diet of prehistoric peoples, being rich in protein several dwellings could have been present. and fats (McComb and Simpson, 1999). • Many of the pits near the roundhouses would have 26 As with the probable early prehistoric samples, wild food undoubtedly been associated with the settlement, resources are also evidenced in these later period samples with one group of pits clearly respecting one with exploitation of coastal resources and land based roundhouse. The pits mostly contained pottery with mammals. Samples 1281 and 1307 taken from a possible most of the datable examples being Neolithic. midden layer [2513] in a large pit [2481] were found to contain large abundances of both burnt mammal bone • The evidence for use of this area for agriculture come and marine shell. The marine shell was identified as in the form of the four-post structures, of which winkle which would have been picked by hand off rocks there are at least four, which are commonly thought along the coastline of the Beauly Firth to the south of the to be the remains of grain storage buildings. The site. The samples also contained large amounts of metallic placement of a saddle quern in a post-hole belonging waste and cinders. The collective assemblage points to a to one of these structures not only suggests it could mixed dump of materials within the pit. be contemporary with the roundhouses, but also demonstrates this practice of deliberate deposition Sample 1270, taken from the upper fill [2465] of a large was not confined to dwellings. Two pits, notable pit [2465], contained the largest amount of burnt mammal for their great depth and numerous fills also had bone in any of the samples processed. The burnt bone saddle querns deliberately deposited within them. comprised large quantities of fragments in a range of sizes up to 3.5cm in length. As yet, the samples have not been • The industrial activity consisted of ferrous and non- assessed by an osteoarchaeologist but this would be of ferrous (specifically copper alloy) metalworking. prime importance for future work, and would determine Of these the latter is more datable. The evidence the character of domestic species present and animal for non-ferrous metalworking was shown by the husbandry strategies employed. presence of 309 fragments of piece-moulds, mostly but not exclusively located in pits in the south of Area 2B. The moulds are very fragmentary 7. Discussion hindering the identification of the items being cast, but the impressions within them are remarkably The archaeological remains at Bellfield Farm represent fresh suggesting these were deposited shortly after occupation in this area, beginning in the Neolithic, they were used. Preliminary examination of these over a period of several thousand years. In the absence moulds suggests a late Bronze Age date (Fraser of radiocarbon dates the features are broadly dated to Hunter pers com). The best preserved example Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

shows a double-edged curving blade with a rounded as no artefacts were found in association with it, and its tip that is likely to represent a sickle. function is unclear. Its ephemeral nature suggests it is the remains of a stock enclosure rather than a defensive • The remains of ironworking were uncovered during structure. the Area 1 excavations, so it was unsurprising that more evidence was encountered. The small structure • The other enclosure, the palisade in Area 3, is also of ambiguous plan in Area 2A contained a possible undated with this type of enclosure being found iron-working furnace though this difficult to date throughout the archaeological record from the and could easily date from between the early Iron Bronze Age to the medieval period. Its position on Age through to the medieval period. The pit in high ground suggests it may have had a defensive Area 3 containing numerous plano-convex hearth purpose. bases, created during iron-smithing, also contained a saddle quern suggesting that this iron-working • The other structure of ambiguous date, the activity is potentially early Iron Age in date. rectilinear enclosure/building in the northeast corner of Area 2B, could also be prehistoric or later. The large pit in the centre of this structure was 7.2 Medieval activity initially thought to be grain-drying kiln though the environmental evidence suggests this is unlikely to The medieval activity was limited to two features, one be the case and its function is not certain. in Area 2A and one in 2B, identified as grain-drying kilns. There was no obvious other evidence of medieval settlement though it is not uncommon for grain-drying 8. References kilns to be located far from the main settlements in Jones, E 2009 Bellfield, North Kessock, Ross-shire: Area 1 order to reduce the fire-risk. No medieval artefacts were Archaeological Excavation, Headland Archaeology recovered from these features though the environmental (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. remains, charred cereal grains, are typical of the period Murray, R 2008a Bellfield, North Kessock, Ross-shire: Results (Appendix 2). of an Archaeological Evaluation, Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. Murray, R 2008b Data Structure Report of an Archaeological 7.3 Indeterminate activity Excavation at Culduthel Farm Phases 7 and 8, Headland 27 Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. A number of large features present at Bellfield Farm Wordsworth, J 1992 ‘Ross and Cromarty District (various were of indeterminate date and could date to any parishes)’, Discovery Excav Scot 1992, 45. period between the prehistoric and medieval. The large rectilinear enclosure present in Area 2B remains undated, td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A 9. Addendum – additional monitoring Finds

Julie Franklin 9.1 Introduction The finds assemblage amounted to 42 sherds of prehistoric pottery, sherds from two or more ceramic moulds and an Following the main excavation of Areas 2a, 2b and 3 iron knife. The finds range in date from the Neolithic to undertaken during summer 2010, further monitoring the early historic period. on the east side of Area 2b was undertaken in October and November 2011 in order to record archaeological The majority of the pottery was Impressed Ware dating to features observed to continue to the east beyond the limit the middle to late Neolithic. The largest collection came of excavation. In total an additional area of 2200m2 was from the primary fill [2718] of pit [2716], with 30 sherds stripped, this contained 42 pits/postholes, of which 14 representing three vessels. Smaller amounts of Impressed formed a discrete cluster (Pit Group 9). Ware were found in pits [2735], fill [2736], and [2743], fill [2744], while one further undiagnostic sherd was found in pit [2719], fill [2721]. 9.2 Results (Illus 17) The ceramic moulds were fragmentary. They were found in two separate pits [2598], fill [2596] and [2599], fill Pit Group 9 [2600]. Little diagnostic detail could be gleaned from A cluster of 14 pits [2713, 2716, 2719, 2724, 2727, 2729, them but it is likely that they are contemporary with the 2731, 2733, 2735, 2737, 2739, 2741, 2743 & 2745] was large collection of ceramic moulds found in other parts of recorded at the north-eastern corner of the extension to Area 2b. This group has been preliminarily dated to the Area 2b. Most of these were cut into a spread of soft, late Bronze Age. silty sand [2715], which may represent the remains of a palaeochannel. The pits ranged in size from 0.35–1.3m The knife had an angled back, a form common in the in diameter and were up to 0.31m deep, with one early historic period. It was found in a pit/posthole particularly substantial pit [2745] measuring 1.45 by 1.35m [2601], fill [2602]. and 0.45m deep. Pit [2745] lay near the middle of the group, and contained a concentrated deposit of charcoal 28 [2748] dumped against one side of the base. Following 9.3 Discussion a period of silting, the pit appears to have been reused, with a layer of stones [2746] of up to 0.25m in diameter The results from the additional excavations are broadly forming the tertiary fill. These stones appeared to have consistent with those from the rest of Area 2b. Finds been deliberately placed, and the presence of charcoal in evidence confirms occupation or use from the middle- the matrix of the deposit suggests that these may have later Neolithic onwards, although the lack of structures been used for heating. In 10 of the surrounding pits and lower density of features suggest this area lay [2713, 2716, 2719, 2731, 2733, 2735, 2737, 2739, 2741, somewhat to the peripheral of the main hub of activity. 2743, 2745] small quantities of charcoal were present within silting deposits; pit [2719] showed signs of in situ burning. Pits [2719, 2735 and 2743] also contained sherds of coarseware and [2716] contained a number of fragments from a carinated bowl.

Scattered pits and post-holes Between Structure 11 and Pit Group 9 were an additional 28 scattered pits and post-holes, none forming identifiable groupings or structures. These ranged in size from 0.2– 1.6m in diameter and up to 0.42m deep. Many were shallow and may have been heavily truncated. Of these 10 features [2589, 2598, 2599, 2601, 2603, 2614, 2618, 2620, 2622, 2624] contained fills with variable quantities of charcoal, and pits [2599, 2614, 2618] displayed signs of in situ burning; four pits [2598, 2599, 2614, 2618] contained burnt mammal bone. Finds were retrieved from three features – pits [2598] and [2599] contained ceramic mould sherds, and pit/post-hole [2601] contained a small iron knife blade. Post-hole [2704] showed signs of a possible postpipe. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd 20m

5m N 2727 2733 2715 2729 2731

2735 N paleo channel 2739 0 2745 1:550 @ A4 limit of excavation feature structure pit group kiln ditch 2737 2743 2741 Key 2717 PG9 2724 Inset 2719 2716 0 2715 paleo channel PG9 Inset 2704 2589 2622 2599 2620 2601 2598 2618 2624 2614

2585 264200 2017 2252 STR 11 2019 2016 STR 12 2309 2322 Area 2b Area 2307 2040 2284 2071 2153 2153 2090 2073 STR 10 2093 2092 2075 PG 8 2135

STR 9 29 llus 17 I 2321 1877 1886 1850 PG 6 2397 PG 7 1836 1838

2087 2021 2041 STR 6 0097 2010 Plan of Area 2b showing results of additional monitoring to the east to of additional monitoring results of Area 2b showing Plan STR 7 2108 2027 2038 2063 STR 8

2036 264150 1425 1524 PG 5 1400 STR 5 1342 1333 1349 1344 td 2011 td 1294 1292 1396 PG 4 rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L

848640

848690 848690 Appendices

Appendix 1 – Site registers

Context register

Context no. Area Description

1000 2A Sub-circular iron smelting/working pit with slight channeling running NW-SE, a rounded base and both steep and gently sloping sides. Dimensions of L.1.20 x B. 1.17 x W. 0.19m. NW end is blocked by quern stone with slag fused in it.

1001 2A Dark grey fill of iron furnace 1000 composed of silty sand and gravel with a clear interface. The consistency is loose and contains charcoal inclusions. Dimensions same as feature size 1.2 x 1.17 x 0.19m.

1002 2A Middle fill in furnace 1000 being black in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is clear and contains abundant charcoal with dimensions of 1.10 x 0.53 x 0.13. The quern stone piece was identified in this deposit.

1003 2A Grey/brown fill of small pit 1004. Composed of fine sand and a diffuse interface the consistency was loose. The deposit contained frequent rounded stones.

1004 2A Small circular pit 1004 with shallow sides and a concave base. Single fill 1003 and gradual breaks of slope and located near to pit 1006. Dimensions written are 0.10m deep and 0.38m length or width.

1005 2A Dark to medium brown single fill of 1006 with a diffuse interface having a slightly mixed fill but no distinct changes. Composed of fine sand close to the natural the fill contained small flecks of charcoal and stones up to 0.45 x 0.35 x 0.25m.

1006 2A Sub-circular possible pit cut with steep sides and a rounded to flat base, the breaks of slope being sharper to the top. Unsure if a real feature could be a tree bowl or group of large stones in sand. Dimensions of 1.30 x 1.20 x 0.34m though feature extends into the excavation extent.

1007 2A Cut of oval pit 1007 with near vertical sides and slightly concave base which contains one fill. The pits dimensions are 0.90 x 0.75 x 0.40m

1008 2A Single fill of pit 1007 being dark brown in colour and composed of coarse sand. The deposit interface is sharp and consistency compact. The fill contained occasional charcoal and burnt bone remains. Dimensions same as cut 0.90 x 0.75 x 0.40m.

30 1009 2A Truncated cut of circular posthole possibly associated with nearby iron furnace 1000. The features sides are approx. 45 degrees with a rounded base, the breaks of slope being sharp at the top and gentle at the bottom. Dimensions of feature are recorded as 0.30 x 0.28 x 0.09m and single fill 1010.

1010 2A Single fill of posthole 1009 being dark brown in colour and composed of a silty sand and gravel material. The deposit has rare charcoal inclusions and dimensions of 0.30 x 0.28 x 0.09m.

1011 2A Cut of oval posthole with steep sides to the NW and more gentle sides to the SE and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are sharp at the top and more gentle at the bottom. The dimensions are 0.43 x 0.35 x 0.11m and the feature is possible relate to the iron furnace 1000.

1012 2A Single fill of posthole 1011 being dark brown in colour and of a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is clear and loosely compacted. Rare charcoal is recorded and dimensions are same as the cut 0.43 x 0.35 x 0.11m.

1013 2A Cut of circular posthole possibly associated with iron furnace 1000 and nearby posts 1011 and 1009. The features sides are steep and it has a rounded base with sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.23 x 0.23 x 0.19m.

1014 2A Single fill of posthole 1013 being dark brown in colour and of a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is clear and the consistency loose. Rare charcoal remains are recorded and the dimensions the same as the cut 0.23 x 0.23 x 0.19m. Similar fill descriptions as other nearby posts 1011 and 1009.

1015 2A Single fill of pit 1016 composed of grey/brown fine sand material. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with the only inclusions being small rounded stones. It's maximum depth is 0.13m.

1016 2A Small circular pit with a single fill 1015 having gradually sloping sides and a concave base. The breaks of slope are gradual and the dimensions are recorded as 0.35 x 0.33 x 0.13m.

1017 2A Single fill of cut 1018 being dark brown in colour and a fine sand composition. The feature is sharp and clear and the consistency is loose with heavy root intrusion and frequent stone inclusions present. Two known dimensions are 0.58m width and a max depth of 0.25m.

1018 2A Cut of medium sized circular pit containing single fill 1017 with steep sides and a concave base. The breaks of slope are sharp to the top and two dimensions are recorded being 0.58m in diameter and 0.25m depth.

1019 2A Cut of a small oval pit containing a single fill 1020 with gently sloping sides, gentle breaks of slope and a rounded base. The feature has dimensions of 0.41 x 0.32 x 0.12m.

1020 2A Single fill of small pit 1019 made up of dark brown silty sand and gravel material with a clear interface. The consistency is loose and the fill contains rare instances of charcoal. The dimensions of the fill are 0.41 x 0.32 x 0.12m Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1021 2A Cut of oval posthole with steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. The cut contains a single fill 1022 and has dimensions of 0.43 x 0.33 x 0.10m.

1022 2A Single fill of posthole 1021 made up of a dark brown silty sand and gravel material. The deposit interface is clear and consistency loose with rarely recorded charcoal inclusions. Similar descriptions to previous posts in area 2A (1009; 1011; 1013). The dimensions are recorded as 0.43 x 0.33 x 0.10m.

1023 2A Single fill of posthole 1024 being dark brown/grey in colour and with a sharp and clear interface. The consistency is soft and loose with frequent rounded cobbles recorded in its fill along with visible root damage. The dimensions of the deposit are 0.55 x 0.32 x 0.08m.

1024 2A Cut of a small oval pit/possible posthole with single fill 1023. The feature is sub oval in shape with shallow/gradual sides and a flat base. Its breaks of slope are also gradual with dimensions of 0.55 x 0.32 x 0.08m

1025 2A Cut of small oval pit with single fill 1026 associated with pits 1043; 1039 and 1041 to the east. The sides are gently sloping and the base rounded with gentle breaks of slope. The features dimensions are 0.38 x 0.32 x 0.18m.

1026 2A Single fill of pit 1025 being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The interface is clear and loosely compacted with rare instances of charcoal in the deposit. The dimensions are the same as the cut being 0.38 x 0.32 x 0.18m.

1027 2A Cut of isolated circular posthole with vertical sides and a narrow/concave base. The breaks of slope are sharp and the post also contains packing stones 1028 and a single fill 1029. The dimensions are 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.46m.

1028 2A Set of angular stones forming the packing material in posthole 1027, fill 1029. The stones extend from the top of the posthole to the base on the south and western edge. The dimensions of the packing material are 0.20 x 0.70 x 0.46m.

1029 2A Single fill of posthole 1027 being a dark brown color and a coarse sand composition. The deposit interface is sharp and the consistency firm with occasional charcoal and small stone inclusions. The dimensions are 0.17 x 0.12 x 0.46m.

1030 2A Cut of oval posthole with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. The breaks of slope are gradual with dimensions of 0.40 x 0.35 x 0.20m.

1031 2A Group of packing stones identified in feature 1030 being angular and sub-rounded in shape. The stones are likely to have been disturbed and measure 0.14 x 0.10 x 0.10m.

1032 2A Single fill of posthole 1030 being dark brown in colour and composed of coarse sand. The deposit interface is clear and of a soft material with frequent charcoal patches identified throughout. The deposit measures 0.40 x 0.35 x 0.20m and contains packing stones 1031.

1033 2A Cut of circular pit with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. The breaks of slope of the feature are very gradual and it contains one fill 31 1034. The dimensions of the pit are 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.28m.

1034 2A Single fill of pit 1033 being dark brown in colour and made up of a coarse sand material. The deposit interface is sharp and the consistency firm. The only inclusions are small rounded stones and the dimensions the same as the cut being 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.28m.

1035 2A Cut of irregular oval shaped pit or scoop containing a single fill 1035 with gently sloping sides and a flat base. The feature is shallow with breaks of slope being very gradual and dimensions of 0.40 x 0.50 x 0.13m.

1036 2A Single fill of shallow pit 1035 being dark brown in colour and of a coarse sand material. The deposit interface is sharp and consistency soft with rare instances of charcoal flecking throughout. The dimensions are the same as the cut being 0.40 x 0.50 x 0.13m.

1037 2A Cut of oval pit with steeply sloping sides and a concave base, the breaks of slope are recorded as gradual. The cut has a single fill being 1038 and dimensions of 0.40 x 0.58 x 0.15m.

1038 2A Fill of pit 1037. Dark brown coarse sandy silt.

1039 2A Cut of small oval pit with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gently sloping sides. Oriented north-south and possibly associated with pits 1041; 1025 and 1043 located nearby. The feature has one fill 1040 and dimensions of 0.49 x 0.27 x 0.09m.

1040 2A Single fill of pit 1039 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel material. The deposit interface is clear and consistency loose with moderate charcoal inclusions throughout. The deposits measurements are the same as the cut being 0.49 x 0.27 x 0.09m.

1041 2A Cut of small oval scoop with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. The feature has one fill 1042 and dimensions of 0.25 x 0.15 x 0.03. It is possible its fill is from a hearth deposit and that this is part of a group of features namely 1039; 1025 and 1043.

1042 2A Single fill of shallow scoop feature 1041 being dark brown and black in colour composed of silty sand material. The interface is clear and the consistency loose with abundant charcoal remains throughout and rare frequencies of gravel. The fill is likely to be a hearth deposit

td 2011 td and measures 0.25 x 0.15 x 0.03m.

1043 2A Cut of small oval pit containing single fill 1044, with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.39 x 0.24 x 0.05m. It is oriented north to south and associated or part of a series of nearby pits 1025; 1039 and 1041.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1044 2A Single fill of pit 1043 being a dark brown in colour and a silty sand material. The deposit interface is clear and of a loose consistency, the only inclusions are gravel remains. The deposit dimensions are 0.39 x 0.24 x 0.05m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1045 2A Upper deposit of sand in large pit 1048 with evidence of heat/ burning present being grey/brown in colour with orange patches throughout. The deposit is composed of fine, soft sand and has a diffuse interface. It is likely that fill 1046 is part of the same deposit.

1046 2A Main/secondary fill of large pit 1048 mid-brown in colour possibly same fill as 1045 but without the burning evidence. A fine sand material being compact and soft with a diffuse interface with primary fill 1047 made up of a number of large cobble stones that tend to sit between 1046 and charcoal rich 1047.

1047 2A Primary fill of large pit 1048 made up of fine sand material and black in colour. The interface between this and main fill 1046 is diffuse but clear at the base of the feature. Inclusions of common charcoal amounts are recorded throughout and small occasional stones

1048 2A Cut of large pit containing three fills 1045; 1046 and 1047 with steep to gradual sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. It's dimensions are 1.10m diameter and a maximum of 0.40m deep.

1049 2A Cut of small pit or posthole with a single fill 1050 with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. It's dimensions are 0.35 x 0.24 x 0.07m and its orientation northwest-southeast. Nearby pits of similar descriptions include 1025; 1039; 1041 and 1043 located to the north of this feature.

1050 2A Single fill of small pit/posthole 1049 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition The consistency is loose and the interface clear. Its dimensions are the same as the cut being 0.35 x 0.24 x 0.07m and it is cut into the natural.

1051 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with near vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. The measurements of the feature are 0.79 x 0.77 x 0.12m and it contains a single fill 1052. The feature is likely associated with nearby smaller pits 1053; 1055 and 105.

1052 2A Single fill of pit 1051being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is clear and the consistency loose. Very rare instances of charcoal are recorded in the fill. The measurements are the same as the cut being 0.79 x 0.77 x 0.12m.

1053 2A Cut of small oval pit with a single fill 1053 with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. The feature is orientated northwest-southeast and has dimensions of 0.28 x 0.25 x 0.10. The shallowness of the feature suggests it has been heavily truncated. This is possibly part of a group of pits including 1051; 1055 and 1057 whose function is unknown.

1054 2A Single fill of pit 1053 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is clear and includes rare instances of charcoal flecking throughout. Similar description to previous fills of pits in this area.

1055 2A Cut of small circular pit with single fill 1056. The sides are gently sloping with a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. This pit cuts into pit 1057 in its southeast end and has dimensions of 0.32 x 0.32 x 0.08m. This is likely associated with nearby pits 1053 and 1051 also. 32 1056 2A Single fill of pit 1055 being a dark brown colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear and the consistency loose, inclusions include moderate amounts of charcoal. The fill description is similar to that found in earlier feature 1057 fill 1058.

1057 2A Cut of small circular pit with single fill 1058 having gently sloping sides with a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. The feature measuring 0.17 x 0.17 x 0.07m is truncated by later pit 1055, cutting into its northwest side.

1058 2A Single fill of small pit 1057 being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear and has a loose consistency. There are abundant charcoal inclusions recorded for this deposit. The function of the pit is unclear.

1059 2A Single fill of posthole 1060 composed of fine sand, being a mid-brown colour with a clean and sharp interface. Inclusions in the deposit consist of few small rounded stones.

1060 2A Cut of posthole with a single fill 1059 having vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. The cut has a diameter of 0.30m and a maximum depth of 0.23m. The base of the feature contains a large rounded stone sat in the natural. The feature is located within a group of pit of whose function is unknown but likely related in some way.

1061 2A Single fill of possible posthole 1062 being dark brown in colour and a sand and large rounded stone composition the deposit interface is unclear and the consistency soft. The fill contains frequent stones and possible charcoal flecking. Deposit extends across whole feature.

1062 2A Cut of sub-circular posthole with un-defines sides and uneven, stone rich base. The breaks of slope of the feature are undefined possibly due to the number of stones. Dimensions are 0.30m length and 0.10m depth and is likely related to nearby post 1060 and pit 1048.

1063 2A Single fill of posthole 1064 being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand with clear and sharp interfaces and loose composition. Inclusions include frequent small stones and possible charcoal flecks with root damage present throughout. Similar fill description to previous postholes.

1064 2A Cut of small circular posthole with single fill 1063, vertical sides and a flat base, the breaks of slope are sharp and it is located to the southwest of pit 1048 and in the vicinity of similar posthole features.

1065 2A Cut of medium pit with a single fill 1066 being sub-circular in shape with gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle with dimensions of 0.59 x 0.52 x 0.12m. The pit cuts smaller pit 1067 at the northeastern end but their relationship or purpose is not clear.

1066 2A Single fill of pit 1065 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear and a loose consistency. No inclusions are recorded and it extends across the entire feature being 0.59 x 0.52 x 0.12m.

1067 2A Cut of small pit with single fill 1068 having gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle and the feature has dimensions of 0.46 x 0.46 x 0.10m. This pit cuts larger pit 1065 at its northern end however the relationship is unclear. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1068 2A Single deposit in pit 1067 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interfaces are smooth and clear and the composition loose. No inclusions are recorded and the deposit extends across the entire pit being 0.46 x 0.46 x 0.10m dimensions.

1069 2A Single deposit in pit/posthole 1070 being grey/brown in colour and a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is diffuse and consistency soft and loose with the only inclusions being small frequent stones. Deposit extends across the entire feature.

1070 2A Cut of small pit or three possible postholes with a single fill 1069 being oval in shape with irregular and poorly defined sides with the dimensions being 0.80 x 0.44 x 0.10m The breaks of slope are sharp and the base uneven and appears to have three separate 'U' shaped cuts therefore may be postholes but not very defined. Located immediately north of pit 1072.

1071 2A Single fill of pit 1072 being grey/brown in colour and a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is diffuse and consistency loose. Inclusions include frequent small stones and a large stone and the deposit extends across the whole feature.

1072 2A Cut of sub-oval shaped pit having steep sides and a concave base though sides and base were not very well defined. The breaks of slope are gradual with dimensions being 0.80 x 0.40 x 0.13m.

1073 2A Single fill of posthole 1074 being dark brown in colour with a clear and sharp interface and a fine sand composition. The consistency is soft and loose with frequent small rounded stone inclusions and occasional larger stone that could possibly be packing material. The deposit extends across the entire feature.

1074 2A Cut of large rectangular posthole or three slot posthole with rounded corners and undercutting present on all three sides and a single fill 1073 throughout. The feature had a flat base and sharp breaks of slope present being 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.30m. The feature is similar in shape to feature 1111 to the east.

1075 2A Fill of possible double posthole 1077 being dark brown/black in colour and a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is diffuse and consistency is soft. Inclusions include charcoal fragments and occasional small stones. The fill extends across the north side of the feature will fill 1076 on the south.

1076 2A Deposit in possible double posthole 1077 being mid-brown/reddish in colour and a fine sand material. The interface between the two deposits 1076 and 1075 is diffuse and could be part of the same fill but this is unclear. The depth of the deposit is 0.30m and it contains a number of large packing stones.

1077 2A Cut of sub-oval possible double posthole containing two fills 1075 and 1076. The sides are steep and the base flat with sharp breaks of slope and dimensions of 0.70 x 0.40 x 0.30m. Relationship with pit 1080 immediately north of the feature likely one large pit originally then stones put down to create postholes in 1077. 33 1078 2A Upper fill of pit cut 1080 being a grey/brown colour and of fine sand composition. The deposit interface is clear though irregular and the consistency loose. The only inclusions were occasional stones and the maximum depth of the deposit being 0.15m.

1079 2A Primary fill of pit cut 1080 being reddish brown in colour and a coarse sand material. The deposit interface is clear at base but unclear between fill 1078 above and irregular. The consistency is soft and loose and only small stones were present throughout giving no indication of the pits function.

1080 2A Possible pit cut with two fills 1078 and 1079 sub-oval in shape and likely originally the same cut as 1077 before being separated by stone packing. The sides are steep to vertical and base rounded with irregular breaks of slope. The dimensions of the feature are 0.90 x 0.45 x 0.33m, it's fills do not give any insight into the function of the pit.

1081 2A Cut of circular pit containing two fills 1082 and 1083 having very steeply sloping sides and a flat base. The breaks of slope are gradual and the pits dimensions are 0.56 x 0.56 x 0.30m. The pit has evidence of burning and looks to be contemporary with pit 1084.

1082 2A Primary fill of pit 1081 being dark brown in colour and a coarse sand material. The interface is diffuse with upper fill 1083 and consistency firm. The fill extends across the feature and up the sides so visible in plan on the surface. The dimensions of the deposit are 0.56 x 0.56 x 0.06m and occasional charcoal and stones were identified throughout.

1083 2A Centrally placed deposit in pit 1081 above fill 1082 being dark grey/brown in colour and a coarse sand material. The interface is diffuse with deposit 1082 and the consistency firm with dimensions of 0.38 x 0.38 x 0.20m. The deposit is charcoal rich and possibly the same depositional event as fill 1082.

1084 2A Cut of shallow oval pit with single fill 1085 having very shallow sloping sides and a flat base with gradual breaks of slope.

1085 2A Single fill of shallow pit 1084 being dark brown in colour and a coarse sand material. The deposit interface is sharp and the consistency firm with occasional charcoal inclusions.

1086 2A Cut of small circular pit with a single fill 1087 having gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle and its dimensions are 0.24 x 0.24 x 0.05m. It is likely the feature has been heavily truncated due to its shallowness and thus function is unclear, it td 2011 td is located near to other pits/posts 1088; 1090; 1092.

1087 2A Single fill of shallow pit 1086 being dark brown in colour and of a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and consistency loose extending across the entire cut being 0.24 x 0.24 x 0.05m. Inclusions consist of rare instances of charcoal only. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1088 2A Cut of small pit or posthole with a single fill 1089 with 45 degree angled sides, a flat base and gentle breaks of slope. The cuts shape is sub-square with rounded corners and dimensions of 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.08, the shallowness of the feature suggest it has been heavily truncated. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1089 2A Single fill of small pit/posthole 1088 being a dark brown colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and consistency loose extending across the whole feature with measurements of 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.08m. Inclusions are rare instances of charcoal much like deposit 1087 located next to this feature.

1090 2A Cut of pit or posthole with a single fill 1091 present being circular in shape with gently sloping sides. The base is rounded and breaks of slope gentle with dimensions of 0.42 x 0.42 x 0.10m. The depth of this feature suggests it has been heavily truncated much like 1088 and 1086 nearby which are probably related.

1091 2A Single fill of pit/posthole 1090 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear and is a loose composition with dimensions same as the cut 0.42 x 0.42 x 0.10. Similar fill description to fills 1087 and 1089.

1092 2A Cut of a sub-circular pit with a single fill 1093 having gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle with dimensions of 0.35 x 0.30 x 0.05m the shallowness of the feature suggest that the feature and area has been heavily truncated. The function of the pits in this area is unclear though they appear to be of similar dimensions and attributes.

1093 2A Single fill of pit 1092 being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear and a loose consistency extending across the entire cut. The deposit contains abundant charcoal remains and is of a similar description to other fills in vicinity namely 1091; 1089 and 1087.

1094 2A Cut of small oval pit/posthole with a single fill 1095 orientated east-west. The cut has 45 degree sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle with dimensions of 0.43 x 0.39 x 0.11m it's depth suggests that it has been truncated. The pit contains prehistoric pottery sherds and is likely related to nearby pits 1092; 1090; 1088 and 1086.

1095 2A Single fill of pit/posthole 1094 being dark brown/black in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and the consistency loose extending across the entire feature. Inclusions include abundant amounts of charcoal and five sherds of prehistoric pottery which could be interpreted as a possible waste pit.

1096 2A Cut of a circular pit/posthole with steep sides and a rounded base and single fill 1097. The Feature has sharp breaks of slope and dimensions of 0.66 x 0.66 x 0.17m the depth suggests the feature has been truncated. This is located within a group of pits and postholes of similar dimensions and qualities namely 1094; 1092; 1090.

1097 2A Single fill of pit 1096 being dark brown/black in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and the consistency loose extending across the entire feature. The deposit has abundant charcoal remains present as well as three sherds of prehistoric pottery. The inclusions and pot might suggest this feature is a rubbish pit.

1098 2A Cut of circular pit or posthole containing single fill 1099 with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. The breaks of slope of the feature are 34 sharp and dimensions of 0.21 x 0.21 x 0.13m, the depth of which suggest that the feature has been truncated.

1099 2A Single fill of pit/posthole 1098 being a dark brown/black colour and composed of silty sand and gravel material. The interface is smooth and clear and consistency loose extending across the entire feature. The deposit contains abundant charcoal inclusions much like fills 1095 and 1097.

1100 2A Cut of small oval pit with single fill 1101 having gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle with dimensions of 0.58 x 0.42 x 0.09m, the shallow depth suggests the feature has been heavily truncated. The feature is oriented southwest to northeast.

1101 2A Single fill of pit 1100 being dark brown in colour and of a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and the consistency loose extending across the entire feature 0.58 x 0.42 x 0.09. No inclusions were recorded in the fill.

1102 2A Cut of shallow sib-rectangular pit with a single fill 1103 having gently sloping sides and a rounded base. The breaks of slope are gentle and the feature has dimensions of 0.99 x 0.82 x 0.15m. Again the shallowness of the feature suggests it has been heavily truncated, it's purpose is unclear.

1103 2A Single fill of rectangular pit 1102 being a dark brown colour and silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear and consistency loose with dimensions of 0.99 x 0.82 x 0.15m. The fill contains moderate amounts of charcoal inclusions only.

1104 2A Cut of sub-circular posthole with single fill 1105 present, the feature has steep sides and a rounded base with steep breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.26m, the feature contains a number of packing stones 1105.

1105 2A Packing stones in posthole 1104 being made up of four medium sized stones along with other smaller packing material such as gravel remains.

1106 2A Single fill of posthole 1104 being a dark brown colour and composed of a silty sand and gravel material. The deposit interface is smooth and consistency loose with dimensions of 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.26m. Inclusions consist of the packing stones 1105 and gravel material.

1107 2A Cut of sub-circular posthole with single fill 1109 and packing material 1108 present. The sides are steep and the base rounded with gradual breaks of slope and measurements of 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.20m which are similar dimensions to post 1104.

1108 2A Packing stones present in posthole 1107 being of a medium size and almost filling the cut. Six packing stones present though sizes unknown.

1109 2A Single deposit in posthole 1107 being a dark brown colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and consistency loose and extends across the whole feature.

1110 2A Fill of posthole 1111 being dark in colour and composed of fine sand and with a clear and sharp interface. The consistency is soft and loose and extends across the entire feature 0.60 x 0.50 x 0.30m . Inclusions consist of frequent small stones and occasional large stones. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1111 2A Cut of sub-triangular posthole with single fill 1110 having steep sides and a concave base, the breaks of slope of the feature are sharp. Dimensions are recorded at 0.60 x 0.50 x 0.30m max it is suggested that the feature could be a triple posthole though packing material is lacking. It is located to an evaluation pit and feature 1183.

1112 2A Single fill of possible posthole 1113 being dark brown in colour and a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is clear and consistency loose. The fill extends across the entire feature and has frequent small stone inclusions.

1113 2A Cut of small sub-circular posthole filled by deposit 1112 having gradual sloping sides and a concave base. The breaks of slope are irregular and unclear with dimensions of 0.27m diameter and a depth of 0.15m. The posthole is located immediately north of posthole 1115.

1114 2A Single fill of small circular post-hole 1115 being dark brown in colour and a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is clean-sharp with a soft loose consistency with frequent small stones.

1115 2A Cut of small circular post-hole with single fill 1114 having steep to gradual sides (on North side). The base is concave with the breaks of slope sharp.

1116 2A Cut of post-hole with two fills 1118 and 1117, having steep sides and a rounded base with dimensions 0.25m x 0.39m x 0.36m. The breaks of slope are sharp.

1117 2A Fill of post-pipe within 1116. Dimensions are 0.20 x 0.07 x (unknown).

1118 2A Fill of post-hole 1116 being dark brown in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include packing stones and a post-pipe 1117.

1119 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1120, having gently sloping sides a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope with dimensions 1.50m x 1.18m x 0.17m. The shallow depth of this feature suggests that it has been heavily truncated.

1120 2A Fill of pit 1119 being dark brown with a silty sand and gravel composition. The interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Inclusions include moderate charcoal. Dimensions are 1.50m x 0.17m.

1121 2A Cut of circular post-hole with single fill 1122, with steep sides, a rounded base, and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions given are 0.48m x 0.48m x 0.12m. The depth of the feature suggests that it has been heavily truncated.

1122 2A Single fill of post-hole 1121 being dark brown in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition and dimensions 0.48m x 0.48m x 0.48m. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Inclusions include rare charcoal and a single large stone which may be post-packing. 35 1123 2A Cut of sub-circular post-hole with single fill 1124, steep sides, a rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions given are 0.36 x 0.36 x 0.26. 1123 is located at the eastern edge of roundhouse/building 2 and is 0.10m east of posthole 1116.

1124 2A Single fill of post hole 1123 being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The interface is smooth and consistency loose with inclusions of packing stones. Dimensions given are 0.36m x 0.46m x 0.26m.

1125 2A Void

1126 2A Single fill of post hole 1127 being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clean/sharp with a soft/loose consistency and frequent inclusions of small stones. Dimensions are 0.32m x 0.32m x 0.25m.

1127 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1126, steep sides a slightly rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are 0.32m x 0.32m x 0.25m. Cut is undercut on the NW side slightly and is located to north of Iron smelting pit 1000.

1128 2A Single fill of post hole 1129 being dark brown in colour with a fine sand composition. The deposit interface is clear with a soft consistency and frequent inclusions of small stones and one large angular stone. Dimensions given are 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.18.

1129 2A Cut of circular post hole of possible roundhouse structure with single fill 1128, vertical sides to north, steep sides to the south, and a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.25m. Possibly part of sub-circular structure with entrance to south and large pit within.

1130 2A Single fill of pit/post hole cut 1131, being grey brown in colour with a fine sand composition and dimensions 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.10m. The deposit interface is diffuse and irregular with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions include frequent small rounded pebbles.

1131 2A Cut of sub-circular pit or post hole with single fill 1130. Feature has gently sloping sides, a concave base and irregular breaks of slope. Dimensions of 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.10m.

1132 2A Cut of oval post hole forming porch of (structure 2) roundhouse. Feature has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of

td 2011 td slope. Dimensions are 0.39 x 0.29 x 0.09.

1133 2A Single fill of post hole 1132, being dark brown in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. Dimensions are 0.39m x 0.29m x 0.09m. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1134 2A Cut of circular post hole relating to (structure 2) roundhouse with steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. 1134 cuts 1136 which is a post hole which forms part of the main post ring of structure 2 . Dimensions are 0.40m x 0.40m x 0.22m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1135 2A Single fill of post hole 1134, being dark brown in colour with a sandy silt and gravel composition. Dimensions are .Dimensions are 0.40m x 0.40m x 0.22m.The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal.

1136 2A Cut of circular post hole - part of the main post ring of (structure 2) roundhouse. Dimensions are 0.54m x 0.51m x 0.39m. Feature has steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope.

1137 2A Post packing stones of post hole 1136. Stones arranged around the outside of post-hole cut 1136. These stones appear to have been forced into the natural by the post that it once supported.

1138 2A Fill of post hole 1136, being dark brown in colour and a sandy silt and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Inclusions include rare charcoal. Deposit is cut by posthole 1134 to the SE.

1139 2A Cut of circular post hole relating to (structure 2) roundhouse with steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.15m

1140 2A Fill of post hole 1139, being dark brown in colour and a sandy silt and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Inclusions include rare charcoal.

1141 2A Cut of sub-circular post hole with two fills 1142 and post pipe 1188 (structure 2). Feature has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions are 0.38m x 0.36m x 0.30m.

1142 2A Fill of post hole 1141, being dark brown in colour and composed by packing stones and silty sand and gravel. Dimensions are 0.38m x 0.36m x 0.30m.

1143 2A Single fill of post hole 1144, being dark brown/black in colour and composed by silty sand. The deposit interface is clear/sharp, with a soft consistency and moderate inclusions of small stones. Dimensions 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.09m.

1144 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1143, gently sloping sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. Located immediately to east of cut 1146 and approx 1.00m to west of post hole 1129. Dimensions are 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.09m.

1145 2A Single fill of post hole 1146, being dark brown/black in colour and composed by silty sand with dimensions 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.18m. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft consistency. Inclusions include moderate small stones with the occasional larger rounded packing stones.

1146 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1145, gently sloping sides, a concave base and sharp, clear breaks of slope. The depth of the feature suggests it may have been truncated. Dimensions 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.08m.

1147 2A Single fill of post hole 1148, being mid brown in colour and composed by fine sand. The deposit interface is diffuse with a soft/loose 36 consistency. Inclusions include frequent small stones with the occasional larger rounded packing stones. Dimensions 0.27 x 0.27 x 0.08.

1148 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1147, gently sloping sides with a flat base and non-perceptible breaks of slope. 1148 is located within the circumference of the structure formed by post holes around pit cut 1000. Dimensions - 0.27m x 0.27m x 0.08m.

1149 2A Single fill of post hole 1150 being dark brown in colour and composed by fine sand. The deposit interface is clear with a soft compact consistency with frequent small stones, occasional larger stones and charcoal flecks. Dimensions 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.15m.

1150 2A Cut of circular post hole of roundhouse with steep sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole 1150 forms part of a possible roundhouse structure around pit cut 1000. Dimensions 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.15m.

1151 2A Single fill of post hole 1152, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and slightly diffuse with a soft loose consistency, frequent small stones and occasional larger rounded stones. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.23m.

1152 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1151. Feature has steep to vertical sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Formed past of a roundhouse structure around pit 1000 with dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.23m.

1153 2A Single fill of post hole 1154, being mid brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is sharp and clear, with a soft loose consistency (much looser than the majority of post holes recorded)

1154 2A Cut of circular posthole with single fill 1153. Cut has steep to gradual sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.38m x 0.38m x 0.12m.

1155 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1157 and packing stones 1156. Cut has near vertical sides, a flats base and sharp breaks of slope and dimensions - 0.35m x 0.35m x 0.26m. Post hole is part of main post ring of roundhouse.

1156 2A Packing stones within cut 1155, comprises of stones arranges vertically around edge of cut 1155 forming solid edge of cut.

1157 2A Fill of post hole 1155 being dark brown in colour and composed by a silty sand and gravel fill. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal. Dimensions - 0.35m x 0.35m x 0.26m.

1158 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1159. Cut has steep sides with a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. 1158 is part of main post ring of roundhouse (structure 2) with dimensions - 0.33m x 0.33m x 0.13m.

1159 2A Single fill of post hole 1158, being dark brown in colour and a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.33m x 0.33m x 0.13m.

1160 2A Cut of sub-circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1161. Cut has vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2 with dimensions - 0.30m x 0.28m x 0.23m Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1161 2A Single fill of post hole (structure 2) 1160, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.28m x 0.23m.

1162 2A Cut of sub-circular post-hole (structure 2), with single fill 1163. Cut has steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2 with dimensions - 0.37m x 0.35m x 0.10m.

1163 2A Single fill of post hole (structure 2) 1162, being dark brown with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.37m x 0.35m x 0.10m.

1164 2A Cut of sub-circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1165. Cut has steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2 with dimensions - 0.36m x 0.34m x 0.12m.

1165 2A Single fill of post hole (structure 2) 1164, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear, with a loose consistency and includes rare charcoal. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2 with dimensions 0.36m x 0.34m x 0.12m.

1166 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1167. Cut has steep sides with a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1167 2A Single fill of post hole ( structure 2) 1166, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal.

1168 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1169. Cut has steep sides, flat base and sharp breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.31m x 0.29m x 0.08m. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1169 2A Single fill of post hole (structure 2) 1168, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and includes rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.31 x 0.29 x 0.08.

1170 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1171. Cut has sides at 45 degree's, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.18m x 0.16m x 0.08m. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1171 2A Single fill of post hole (structure 2) 1170, being dark brown and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Includes rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.18m x 0.16m x 0.08m.

1172 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1173. Cut has near vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.38m x 0.38m x 0.26m. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1173 2A Single fill of post hole 1172, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear 37 with a loose consistency and includes rare charcoal and packing stones arranged around the outside of cut. Dimensions - 0.38m x 0.38m x 0.26m.

1174 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1175. Cut has steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope with dimensions are 0.25m x 0.24m x 0.12m. Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1175 2A Single fill of post hole 1174, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and includes rare charcoal. Dimensions are 0.25m x 0.24m x 0.12m

1176 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1177. Cut has steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.11m.Post hole is part of main post ring of structure 2.

1177 2A Single fill of post hole 1176, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency and includes abundant charcoal. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.11m.

1178 2A Cut of circular post hole (structure 2) with single fill 1179. Cut has near vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.31m x 0.29m x 0.20m. Post hole is possibly an internal post setting.

1179 2A Single fill of post hole 1178, being dark brown in colour and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and clear with a loose consistency. Includes rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.11m.

1180 2A Single fill of linear ditch 1181, being mid brown in colour and composed of fine sand and dimensions - 1.00m x 0.28m x 0.17m.The deposit interface is clear with a soft loose consistency with inclusions of frequent small stones. The ditch is aligned N-S.

1181 2A Cut of linear ditch with single fill 1180. Cut has steep sides with a slightly concave base and has gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.00m x 0.28m x 0.17m.

1182 2A Single fill of large pit 1183, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear with a soft/loose

td 2011 td consistency and frequent small stones and moderate large stones up to 0.25m x 0.15m x 0.15m in size. A small post hole is located to the NW end. Dimensions 1.30 x 0.54 x 0.55.

1183 2A Cut of large oval pit with single fill 1182. Cut has steep to vertical sides and a flat base with breaks of slope that are sharp at the top and gradual at the bottom. Dimensions - 1.3m x 0.65m x 0.55m. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1184 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1185, steep sides, a flat bottom and sharp breaks of slope. Circular pit is in close proximity to post hole 1186 to the north and relate to 1186. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.52m x 0.2m © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1185 2A Single fill of circular post hole 1184, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is smooth. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.52m x 0.2m

1186 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1187. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope with dimensions - 0.23m x 0.23m x 0.18m. 1184 is directly to the south of 1186 and may be related.

1187 2A Single fill of post hole 1186, being mid greyish brown and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and frequent small stones. Dimensions - 0.23m x 0.23m x 0.18m.

1188 2A Post-pipe within post hole 1141 with packing stones 1142, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Dimensions - 0.14m x 0.10m.

1189 2A Single fill of post hole 1190, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand and dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.12m. The deposit interface is clean/sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions are moderate small stones and possible charcoal flecks.

1190 2A Cut of sub-circular post hole with single fill 1189. Cut has gently sloping sides, a concave base and clear/sharp breaks of slope and recorded below the fill of a N-S aligned plough furrow. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.12m

1191 2A Cut of sub circular post hole with single fill 1216. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.50m x 0.40m x 0.28m.

1192 2A A large sub-oval shaped layer 1.9m N-S x 1.15m S-W of soft sand and frequent poorly sorted stones, dark grey/brown in colour and composed of fine sand. Possible remains of ring ditch. The deposit interface is clean/sharp with frequent inclusions of large to small rounded stones.

1193 2A Possible internal remains of ring ditch of roundhouse, dark greyish brown and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clean/ sharp with a soft/loose consistency. A layer of greyish brown sand up to 0.12m thick over the natural sand with very frequent poorly sorted stones and cobbles with dimensions - 2.5m E-W x 2.0m N-S.

1194 2A Cut of circular/oval post hole with two fills 1195 and 1217. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base, and sharp breaks of slope. 1194 is located in close proximity to 1184 and 1186. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.50m x 0.26m.

1195 2A Fill of post hole 1194, being mid greyish brown and composed by silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant stones. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.50m x 0.26m.

1196 2A Single fill of post hole 1197, being dark brown/black and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface was clean/sharp with a soft loose 38 consistency with occasional small stones and one large stone. Dimensions are - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.10m. 1197 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1196. Cut has steep to gradual sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. 1197 is one of 7 post holes forming a large circle of a round house surrounding layers 1192, 1195, 1210. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.30m x 0.10m.

1198 2A Single fill of post hole 1199, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear with a soft consistency and inclusions of occasional small stones. Dimensions - 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.08m.

1199 2A Cut of circular post hole with single will 1198. Cut has gently sloping sides with a concave base and sharp clear brakes of slope. Cut is very shallow and may be truncated. Dimensions - 0.18m x 0.18m x 0.08m.

1200 2A Single fill of post hole cut [1201], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones. Dimensions - 0.14m x 0.14m x 0.06m.

1201 2A Cut of post hole with single fill (1200). Cut has gently sloping sides, a concave base and clear breaks of slope. Cut is heavily truncated with dimensions - 0.14m x 0.14m x 0.06m.

1202 2A Single fill of post hole cut [1203], being greyish brown in colour and composed of fine sand and dimensions - 0.26m x 0.26m x 0.08m. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones with possible charcoal flecks.

1203 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1202) with dimensions - 0.26m x 0.26m x 0.08m. Cut has gently sloping sides, a concave base and clear sharp breaks of slope and is truncated. [1202] is located to south of later [1192] and also with post hole [1201] to NW and [1205] to east.

1204 2A Single fill of post hole [1205], being dark greyish brown/black and composed of fine sand with dimensions - 0.24m x 0.24m x 0.08m. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones with charcoal flecks.

1205 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1204) with Dimensions - 0.24m x 0.24m x 0.08m. Cut has steep to gradual sides with a flat base. Breaks of slope are sharp at the rim and gradual at the base.

1206 2A Single fill of post hole [1207], being dark greyish brown with dimensions - 0.21m x 0.21m x 0.06m. Deposit interface is clean/sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones.

1207 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1206), gradual sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. Cut is heavily truncated and is located to the east of layer (1210) and is also associated with [1205] to the SW and [1209] to the NW as part of a roundhouse structure. Dimensions - 0.21m x 0.21m x 0.06m

1208 2A Single fill of post hole [1209], being dark greyish brown and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft/ loose consistency and inclusions of occasional small rounded stones. Dimensions - 0.22m x 0.22m x 0.08m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1209 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1208), gently sloping sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. [1209] is heavily truncated and is located to the east of layer (1193) and associated with [1207] to the SE and [1197] to the NW. Dimensions - 0.22m x 0.22m x 0.08m.

1210 2A Single fill of medium sized pit [1248], being dark grey/brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Includes a significant number of medium sized stones - poorly sorted and with no distinct pattern - and close to the base of the fill occasional charcoal flecks and very occasional fragments of burnt bone.

1211 2A Single fill of small pit [1212], being greyish brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Dimensions - 0.63m E-W, 0.40 N-S.

1212 2A Cut of oval post hole with single fill (1211). Cut has steep sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope at rim and dimensions - 0.63m E-W, 0.40 N-S. Pit is possibly associated with roundhouse located to West of post hole 1205 and South East of post hole 1207 . At SE corner of pit is a channel [1227[ running southward towards pit cut [1231].

1213 2A Void

1214 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1215). Cut has steep sides, a round base and has gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.28m x 0.2m x 0.19m.

1215 2A Single fill of [1214], being mid brownish grey and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Dimensions - 0.28m x 0.25m x 0.19m.

1216 2A Single fill of post hole [1191], being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include rare charcoal and several medium sized packing stones. Dimensions - 0.50m x 0.40m x 0.28m.

1217 2A Charcoal rich fill of [1194], being dark grey/black and composed of coarse sand. The deposit interface is diffuse with fill 1195 with a firm consistency and an abundance of charcoal. Dimensions - 0.04m x 0.05m x 0.05m.

1218 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1219). Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and has gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.26m x 0.24m x 0.18m.

1219 2A Fill of post hole [1218], being mid brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include an abundance of stones. Dimensions - 0.26m x 0.24m x 0.18m.

1220 2A Cut of circular/oval pit with two fills (1221) and (1225). Cut has steep sides, a rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope and dimensions - 0.50m x 0.50m x 0.29m. [1220] is located within surrounding post-holes indicating roundhouse.

1221 2A Fill of pit 1220, being dark greyish brown and composed of silty sand and gravel with dimensions - 0.50m x 0.50m x 0.29m. The deposit 39 interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Deposit contained abundant stones and small pebbles, as well as small fragments of charcoal and burnt bone.

1222 2A 'Cut' of possible tree throw is irregular/curve shaped with steep sides and a rounded base as well as sharp breaks of slope. Located within possible roundhouse. Dimensions - 0.28m x 0.56m.

1223 2A Upper fill of possible tree throw 1222 being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency.

1224 2A Lower organic deposit of tree throw 1222, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are rare stones.

1225 2A Charcoal rich layer of fill of pit 1220, being dark greyish brown and composed of dark sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a firm consistency. Inclusions include frequent charcoal. Dimensions - 0.16 x 0.2 x 0.36

1226 2A Single layer of fill of linear channel (possibly animal burrow) 1227, being mid greyish brown and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is diffuse and unclear with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones. Dimensions - 1.8m x 0.30x x 0.10m.

1227 2A Cut of linear channel with single fill 1226. Cut has uneven irregular sides, a flat base and irregular/diffuse breaks of slope. Cut runs off the SE of pit cut 1231 and runs out just short of pit cut 1231 at S end.

1228 2A Single fill of small shallow pit 1229, being mid greyish brown and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft/loose consistency. Inclusions are occasional small stones and very occasional charcoal flecks. Dimensions - 0.70 x 0.24 x 0.07.

1229 2A Cut of small shallow pit with single fill 1228. Cut has gently sloping sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. Cut is also located to the SE of pit cut 1212 and possibly associated with round house to the north. 0.70 x 0.24 x 0.07.

1230 2A Upper fill of pit cut 1231 above primary fill 1241, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface

td 2011 td is clean/sharp with a soft compact consistency. Inclusions are a moderate amount of small to medium stones and moderate charcoal flecks.

1231 2A Cut of medium sized pit with two fills 1230 and 1241. Cut has steep to vertical sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope at rim. Located close to SW of area 2A immediately South of a roundhouse structure. Dimensions - 0.80 x 0.80 X 0.35m rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1232 2A Cut of sub-circular post hole with single fill 1233. Cut has steep sides, a sub circular base and gradual breaks of slope. 1232 truncates 1194. Dimensions - 0.35 x 0.15 x 0.15. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1233 2A Single fill of medium sized pit 1232, being light brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are an abundance of stones and pebbles. Dimensions o.35x 0.15 x 0.15.

1234 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1235. Cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. 1234 is located out with roundhouse structure but may be related. Dimensions - 0.30 x 0.30 x 0.08.

1235 2A Single fill of cut 1234, being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and includes an abundance of small stones.

1236 2A Stone feature located in the southern edge of roundhouse/building 2 in section 2A. Dimensions - 1.08m x 2.00m x 0.20m.

1237 2A Fill surrounding stone feature 1236, being dark brown in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are rare charcoal.

1238 2A Cut of large pit with three fills 1239, 1240 and 1266. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.20m x 0.96m x 0.80m.

1239 2A Upper fill pit cut 1238, being light greyish black in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel with dimensions - 1.20m x 0.96m x 0.40m. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include frequent large stones, frequent pebbles, gravelly material and a hammer stone find number - 227.

1240 2A Mid fill of 1238, being dark brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include abundant stones and charcoal. Dimensions - 1.20m x 0.96m x 0.44m.

1241 2A Primary fill of pit cut 1231 below secondary fill 1230, being orange brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is sharp/clear with a soft/loose consistency and inclusions include moderate small stones and occasional charcoal. Dimensions - 0.10m deep at base of pit.

1242 2A Single fill of small irregular - linear feature 1243, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface is diffuse/ clear with a soft/loose consistency and inclusions include occasional small to medium sized stones and occasional charcoal flecks. Dimensions - 0.80m x 0.30m - 0.55m x 0.12m.

1243 2A Cut of small irregular - linear feature with single fill 1242. Cut of feature has very gradual/shallow sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.80m x 0.30m - 0.55m x 0.12m.

1244 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1245, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Post hole relates to (structure 2) 40 roundhouse located at southern extent of area 2A. Dimensions - 0.32m x 0.32m x 0.37m. 1245 2A Single fill of post hole 1244, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include abundant small stones. Dimensions - 0.32m x 0.32m x 0.27m.

1246 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1247, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Post-hole is part of (structure 2) roundhouse located at southern extent of area 2A. Dimensions - 0.36m x 0.26m x 0.27m.

1247 2A Single fill of post-hole 1246, being dark brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.36m x 0.36m x 0.27m.

1248 2A Cut of circular post-hole with single fill 1210, steep sides, a concave base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the rim. Cut is located to the east of ring-ditch spread 1193 and within the area with a set of post-holes forming a possible roundhouse. Dimensions - 0.80m x 0.80m x 0.28m.

1249 2A Cut of sub-circular shallow pit with single fill 1250. Cut has shallow sides, a near flat base and gentle breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.00m x 0.75m x 0.08m.

1250 2A Single fill of pit [1249], being mid-dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is diffuse with a moderate to compact consistency and inclusions include small to medium sized stones. Dimensions - 1.00m x 0.75m - 0.08m.

1251 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1252), steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.50m x 0.42m x 0.18m. This is a similar size and shape to post-holes in (structure 2) roundhouse but there are no packing stones in [1251].

1252 2A Single fill of pit [1251], being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are burnt stones and charcoal.

1253 2A Cut of oval pit with single two fills (1254) and (1257). Cut has steep sides, an oval base and gradual breaks of slope and dimensions - 0.86m x 0.53m x 0.30m. Cut [1253] is located at southern extent of the remains of (structure 2) roundhouse.

1254 2A Upper fill of pit [1253], being dark greyish black in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include are rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.86m x 0.53m x 0.30m.

1255 2A Cut of crescent shaped pit with single fill (1256). Cut has moderate to steep sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope and dimensions - 1.70m x 0.95m x 0.25m. Pit is located near the centre of area 2A.

1256 2A Single fill of crescent shaped pit, being dark brown-grey in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is slightly diffuse with a moderate-firm consistency and inclusions include small to medium sized stones and small charcoal flecks. Dimensions - 1.70m x 0.95m x 0.25m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1257 2A Lower fill of pit [1253], being mid orange brown and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include abundant pebbles and small gravelly stones. Dimensions - 0.25m x 0.10m x 0.20m.

1258 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1259). Cut has gently sloping sides, a circular base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.30m x 0.25m x 0.04.

1259 2A Single fill of circular post hole [1258], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include rare charcoal. Dimensions are 0.30m x 0.25m x 0.04m.

1260 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1261) and dimensions 0.68m x 0.90m x 0.32m. Cut has gentle sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope and is located near burnt pit [1257]. It is unclear where the NW edge of the cut is defined due to disturbance.

1261 2A Single fill of pit [1260], being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. There were several pockets of redeposited fill within 1260 and charcoal was spread throughout the fill. Dimensions - 0.68m x 0.90m x 0.32m.

1262 2A Cut of circular pit with single fill (1263). Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. [1262] is located north of (structure 2) roundhouse.

1263 2A Single fill of pit [1262], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.43m x 0.42m x 0.24m.

1264 2A Cut of sub-circular burnt pit with single fill (1265). Cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. [1264] is located at southern limit of excavation in area 2A. Dimensions - 0.54m x 0.50 x 0.14m.

1265 2A Single fill of burnt pit [1264], being very dark brown/black. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are abundant gravel and charcoal. Dimensions - 0.54m x 0.50m x 0.14m.

1266 2A Lower fill of pit [1238], being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions are abundant charcoal. Dimensions - 0.90m x 0.50m x 0.25m

1267 2A Cut of small sub-oval pit with single fill (1268). Cut has irregular/gradual sides, an uneven base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.63m (E-W) x 0.44m (N-S) x 0.17m.

1268 2A Single fill of pit [1267], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is diffuse with a soft consistency and inclusions include occasional rounded stones. Dimensions - 0.63m (E-W) x 0.44m (N-S) x 0.17m. Deposit is heavily affected by bio-turbation and may be a burrow pit. (No charcoal visible), 41 1269 2A Cut of large oval pit with five fills, (1272), (1273), (1274), (1275) and (1276). Cut has relatively steep sides with a moderately flat/concave base and shallow breaks of slope. Pit is located in the south part of area 2A and has dimensions - 2.10m x 1.60m x 0.48m.

1270 2A Single fill of large shallow pit [1271], being very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand and stones. The deposit interface is clean/sharp with a soft, loose consistency and inclusions are frequent poorly sorted rounded cobbles and occasional charcoal flecks.

1271 2A Cut of large sub-circular shallow pit with single fill (1270). Cut has a steep side on west but is not so pronounced on the south and east and has a slightly concave base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.53m (E-W) x 1.30M (N-S) X 0.28m.

1272 2A Upper fill of pit [1269], being mid-dark grey in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is clear with a firm/compact consistency with inclusions of frequent small stones up to 0.12m. Possible rapid and single backfilling incident. Dimensions - 2.10m x 1.60m x 0.25m (MAX),

1273 2A Middle deposit of pit [1269], being mid orange/brown in colour and composed of sandy silt with dimensions Dimensions - 0.54m x 0.24m x 0.07m (MAX). The deposit interface is slightly diffuse with a moderately loose consistency and inclusions of small stones. [1273] is concentrated in the centre of the feature and likely relates to burning activity below.

1274 2A Charcoal rich layer in lower section of pit [1269], being mottled black/dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is moderately clear with a moderately firm consistency and inclusions of charcoal and small stones. This is a thin deposit and is concentrated in the centre of the feature with dimensions - 0.50m x 0.35m x 0.07m.

1275 2A Lower fill of pit [1269], being orange in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is clear with a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones. This is a burnt orange shallow deposit and is likely a result of burning activities situated between two charcoal rich layers with dimensions - 0.33m x 0.23m x 0.04m.

1276 2A Basal deposit in pit [1269], being black in colour and composed of silty sand with dimensions - 0.25m x 0.19m x 0.04m. The deposit interface is very clear with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of charcoal. Large fragments of charcoal still present in deposit are likely present from initial burning activities. td 2011 td 1277 2A Single fill of pit [1278], being very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear/sharp with a soft, fairly compact consistency and inclusions of small stones. Dimensions - 0.25m x 0.25m x 0.18m.

1278 2A Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1277. Cut has vertical sides, a flat base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the rim and gradual at rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L the base. Dimensions - 0.25m x 0.25m x 0.18m © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1279 2A Single fill of pit 1280, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand and dimensions - 0.52m x 0.52m x 0.22m. The deposit interface is clear/sharp with a soft, fairly compact consistency and inclusions of occasional small stones. The deposit has layer of dark brown sand, possibly caused by bio-turbation.

1280 2A Cut of oval post hole with single fill 1279 and dimensions - 0.52m (E-W) x 0.35m (N-S) x 0.22m deep. Cut has steep sides, a concave base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the rim. 1280 is located immediately North of posthole 1278 and east of pit cut 1271.

1281 2A Cut of circular pit with single fill 1282 and dimensions - 0.50m x 0.58m x 0.36m . Cut has steep sides, a rounded base with gradual breaks of slope. 1281 is located at northern extent of area 2A in close proximity to other similar features such as 1283.

1282 2A Single fill of pit 1281, being mid brownish black and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and an abundance of small stones. Dimensions - 0.50m x 0.58m x 0.36m .

1283 2A Cut of circular pit with single fill 1284. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. 1283 is located at Northern extent of area 2A. Dimensions - 0.93m x 0.98m x 0.36m.

1284 2A Single fill of pit 1283, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel with dimensions - 0.93m x 0.98m x 0.36m. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of gravel and charcoal. The greatest concentration of charcoal was found at bottom of fill.

1285 2A Cut of circular pit with single fill 1286. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.25m x 0.22m x 0.15m.

1286 2A Single fill of pit 1285, being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel with dimensions - 0.25m x 0.22m x 0.15. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal.

1287 2A A large spread of fine dark sand and frequent stones forming an oval shape with dimensions - 7.50m (E-W) x 0.7m (N-S) x 0.07m. The deposit interface is clear with a soft loose consistency. Slots were excavated during the evaluation and given numbers 061 and 062. No cut number was given as it was very shallow with no defined edge.

1288 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1289 and dimensions - 0.42m x 0.46m x 0.23m.. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. 1288 appears to have been cut by 1290 to the NE and is located near the Northern edge of excavation for area 2A.

1289 2A Single fill of pit 1288, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of gravel. Dimensions - 0.42m x 0.46m x 0.23m. 42 1290 2A Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1291. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. 1290 appears to cut 1288. Dimensions - 0.74m x 0.72m x 0.28m.

1291 2A Single fill of pit 1290, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel (dimensions - 0.74m x 0.72m x 0.28m). The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of gravel and charcoal. 1291 has charcoal throughout the fill though there was a bigger concentration of charcoal within a thin burnt layer found at the bottom of the fill.

1292 2B Cut of sub-circular (long oval) pit with three fills 1293, 1313 and 1314 ( dimensions - 2.00m x 1.48m x 0.46m). Cut has steep sides, a flat base and steep breaks of slope.1292 is located near the NW edge of excavation for area 2B.

1293 2B Upper fill of sub-circular (long oval) pit 1292, being medium dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions include stones and very rare charcoal. The colour and distribution of 1293 within 1292 might suggest that the pit was only used shortly and was filled in after a short period of time. Dimensions - 2.00m x 1.48m x 0.46m.

1294 2B Cut of sub-circular (long oval pit) with three fills 1295, 1311 and 1312 (dimensions - 2.20m x 1.30m x 0.74m). Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. 1294 is located in northern extent of area 2B and is in close proximity to the south of 1292.

1295 2B Upper fill of sub-circular pit 1294, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of small, large, and medium stones. Dimensions - 2.20m x 1.30m x 0.70m.

1296 2B Cut of large sub-oval pit with single fill 1297 (dimensions - 2.55m x 2.00m x 0.4m). Cut has very gently sloping sides, a broad slightly concave base, and very gradual breaks of slope. Feature is an elongated heart shape that is orientated E-W.

1297 2B Single fill of large sub-oval pit 1296, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is sharp with a firm consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal and burnt bone. Dimensions - 2.55m x 2.00m x 0.40m.

1298 2B Cut of irregular shaped pit with two fills 1299 and 1331 (dimensions - 1.00m x 0.75m x 0.25m). Cut has gently sloping sides on south and steep sides to the north, a concave base, and shallow breaks of slope. Possible burrowing has occurred on the eastern top half of the feature.

1299 2B Fill of irregular shaped pit cut 1298, being mid grey/brown in colour and composed of sandy silt (dimensions - 1.00m x 0.75m x 0.25m). The deposit interface is relatively clear with a moderately loose consistency. Inclusions include small and medium stones and small charcoal flecks.

1300 2B Void

1301 2B Single fill of circular pit 1302, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of sand (dimensions 0.7m x 0.60 x 0.37m). The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include head affected cobbles (split), a large amount of pot fragments (finds no 234), one large cobble (0.18m x 0.19m),possible worked stones (finds no 235 & 236), and carbonized hazel nut. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1302 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1301 (dimensions - 0.70m x 0.60m x 0.37m). Cut has vertical sides, a concave base and no breaks of slope. One of a group of small pits (1308, 1310, 1318, 1320, 1320) with evidence of cooking refuse.

1303 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1304. Cut has moderately steep sides, a moderately flat base and shallow breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.70m x 0.60m x 0.18m.

1304 2B Single fill of circular pit 1303, being mid/dark grey and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is moderately clear with a moderately firm consistency. Inclusions include large stones and charcoal flecking throughout the deposit.

1305 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1306. Cut has shallow sides, a flat base and gentle breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.40m x 0.38m x 0.13m.

1306 2B Single fill of circular pit 1305, being medium black/dark grey in colour and composed of silty sand (dimensions - 0.40m x 0.38m x 0.13m). The deposit interface is very clear and with a firm consistency. Inclusions include frequent charcoal, small stones and pre-historic pottery.

1307 2B Single fill of circular pit 1308, being dark brown and composed of sand. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include small rounded pebbles, split/heat affected cobbles, carbonized hazelnut shells and pre-historic pot. 1307 is adjacent to pit 1310 and is similar to deposit 1309 in appearance. Dimensions - 0.60m x 0.60m x 0.18m.

1308 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1307 with vertical sloping and slightly undercut sides, a concave base and non perceptible breaks of slope. In close proximity to 1310 and part of a group of small pits. Dimensions - 0.60m x 0.60m x 0.17m.

1309 2B Single fill of circular pit 1310, being dark brown in colour and composed of sand (dimensions - 0.65m x 0.62m x 0.26m) . The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include rounded pebbles <5%, split cobbles and carbonized hazelnut shells and charcoal flecks. There is no obvious distinction between 1309 and 1307 although in separate cuts.

1310 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1309 with vertical sides, a concave base and non perceptible breaks of slope. One of a group of small pits. Dimensions - 0.65m x 0.62m x 0.26m.

1311 2B Lower layer of fill of pit 1294, being dark brownish yellow and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. Inclusions include abundant stones and small pebbles. 1311 is a layer of redeposited natural, possibly built up due to cut being left open and weathering occurring. Only seen clearly on NW facing section and does not seem to continue across entire NE to SW section. Dimensions - 0.70m x 0.10m x 0.70m.

1312 2B Layer of fill of pit`1294, being light brownish yellow in colour and composed of sandy gravel (dimensions - 0.45m x 0.60m x 0.15m). The deposit interface is smooth and loose consistency. 1312 is a layer of natural that appears to have slumped into cut 1294 or is possible evidence of a re-cut that is only visible in NW facing section. 43 1313 2B Primary layer of fill of pit 1292, being medium dark brown and composed of sandy silt and gravel. It has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions or rare gravel and redeposited natural resulting from bio-turbation. Dimensions - 2.00m x 1.48m x 0.20m.

1314 2B Middle layer of fill of pit 1292, being dark brown and composed of silty sand (dimensions - 2.00m x 1.48m x 0.05). The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency. 1314 appears in quite dispersed and thin layers above deposit 1313 and could be the same.

1315 2B Cut of irregular shaped pit with two fills 1316 and 1330 (dimensions - 0.55m x 0.50m). The feature has vertical and undercutting sides to the north, a slightly rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. 1315 is within a series of pits in the north of excavation area 2B.

1316 2B Upper fill of pit 1315, being mid-dark brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt (dimensions - 0.55m x 0.50m x 0.25m). The deposit interface is slightly diffuse with a moderate to loose consistency. Inclusions include small to large stones up to 20cm diameter, abundant charcoal flecking throughout, pottery and abundant charred nutshell.

1317 2B Single layer of fill of 1318, being black in colour and composed of sand (dimensions - 0.14m x 0.43m x 0.14m). The deposit interface is clear with a loose consistency. Inclusions are carbonized nut shells.

1318 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1317 with sloping sides, a concave base and non perceptible breaks of slope. Most likely the base of a truncated pit. Dimensions - 0.44m x 0.43m 0.14m.

1319 2B Single layer of fill of 1320, being dark brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface is slightly darker in lower fill with a loose consistency and inclusions of carbonized nut shells, charcoal, rounded pebbles (some split). Dimensions - 0.77m x 0.64m x 0.30m.

1320 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1319, with vertical sides, a concave base and non-perceptible breaks of slope. One of a group of pits located to the northern extent of area 2B. Dimensions - 0.77m x 0.64m x 0.30m.

1321 2B Single layer of fill of pit 1322, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of sand (dimensions - 0.45m x 0.42m x 0.16m). The deposit interface is clean with a loose consistency. Inclusions are small rounded pebbles, carbonized hazel nuts, pottery (find number 239), and occasional fire cracked cobbles. td 2011 td 1322 2B Cut of round bowl shaped pit with single fill 1321, sloping sides, a concave base and non perceptible breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.45m x 0.42m x 0.16m.

1323 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1324, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope located at north western extent of area 2B. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L Dimensions - 0.64m x 0.58m x 0.29m.

1324 2B Single fill of pit 1323, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface was smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of stones and rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.64m x 0.58m x 0.29m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1325 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with two fills 1326 and 1327, steep sides, uneven base and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.58m x 0.60m x 0.36m.

1326 2B Upper fill of pit 1325, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel (dimensions - 0.29m x 0.52m). The deposit interface is wavy with a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal, stones and pottery. There is also two possible rubbing stones found within this deposit.

1327 2B Lower fill of pit 1325, being medium dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare gravel and abundant charcoal. Dimensions - 0.24m x 0.10m.

1328 2B Cut of very shallow circular pit with single fill 1329, shallow sides, a flat base and gentle breaks of slope. Pit is located at the northern extent of excavation area 2B. Dimensions -0.53m x 0.50m x 0.12 (max).

1329 2B Single fill of pit cut 1328, being mid-dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt (dimensions - 0.53m x 0.50m x 0.12 (max). The deposit interface is diffuse with a moderate-loose consistency. Inclusions are small and medium stones and the deposit appears to have been heavily affected by bio-turbation.

1330 2B Primary fill of pit 1315, being orange/medium brown in colour and composed of silty sand with a moderately clear deposit interface. Deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and stones up to 15cm in diameter. Deposit is close in colour to natural though more orange and black staining may suggest it is rapidly redeposited natural.

1331 2B Primary fill of pit cut 1298, being orange/mid brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit interface is diffuse with a very loose consistency and inclusions include frequent stones. 1331 is likely redeposited natural with black staining throughout.

1332 2B Single fill of pit cut 1333, being dark greyish brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand (dimensions - 2.50m x 0.54m x 0.16m). The deposit interface is clear and sharp with a soft compact consistency. Inclusions include moderate small to large sub round stones and occasional charcoal flecks.

1333 2B Cut of sub-oval large pit with single fill 1332, gradual uneven sides, an uneven base and diffuse breaks of slope (dimensions - 2.50m x 0.54m x 0.16m). The feature has rounded ends and the sides are not clear and poorly defined due to animal burrowing. 1333 is located to the NW corner of area 2B north of large spread.

1334 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1335, steep sides, a rounded base ad gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.35m x 0.30m x 0.12m.

1335 2B Single fill of circular pit 1334, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and has inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.35m x 0.30m x 0.12m. 44 1336 2B Single layer of fill of pit 1337, being orange/brown (darker brown in upper levels of deposit) in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface has a loose consistency and inclusions of pebbles < 1%. Dimensions - 0.88m x 0.70m x 0.23m.

1337 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1336, sloping sides, a concave base and non perceptible breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.88m x 0.70m x 0.23m

1338 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1339 and 1343, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.42m x 0.32m x 0.35m.

1339 2B Single fill of circular pit cut 1338, being dark brownish grey in colour and a composition of sandy silt and gravel. Inclusions include rare charcoal. Dimensions - 0.42m x 0.32m x 0.35m

1340 2B Upper fill of pit cut 1342, being black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is sharp and clear, with a soft compact consistency and frequent inclusions of small stones.

1341 2B Primary fill of pit cut 1342, being yellowish brown (darker than natural) with a composition of fine sand. The deposit interface is clearer than 1340 but diffuse to north, with a soft/compact consistency and inclusions of occasional small stones.

1342 2B Cut of sub-oval pit with single fill 1341, steep to gradual sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. The sides vary from fairly steep to gradual leading to a fairly flat base. Dimensions - 2.40m (N-S) x 1.45m (E-W) with a max depth of 0.23m.

1343 2B Primary layer of fill of pit 1338, being mid brownish orange in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency with rare inclusions of charcoal. Dimensions - 0.42m x 0.32m x 0.15m

1344 2B Cut of medium sized circular pit with two fills 1348 and 1345. The feature has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope, possibly site of cooking pit. Dimensions - 1.10m x 1.10m x 0.5m

1345 2B Secondary layer of fill of pit 1344, being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and has abundant inclusions of medium to large stones and rare charcoal. Dimensions - 1.10m x 1.0m x 0.15m

1346 2B Cut of irregular 'crescent' shaped feature with single fill 1347 (dimensions - 0.60m x 1.40m x 0.16m (max). This feature has steep sides, an uneven base and gently sloping/gradual breaks of slope. 1346 is similar to tree throw feature found in area 2A.

1347 2B Single fill of cut 1346, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal and gravel. Dimensions - 0.60m x 1.40m x 0.16m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1348 2B Primary layer of fill of cut 1344, being dark greyish black in colour and composed of sandy silt (dimensions - 0.90m x 1.0m x 0.20m). The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of charcoal. The abundance of charcoal as well as the evidence of pre-historic pottery (find nos. 238) shows evidence of possible burning 'in situ'.

1349 2B Cut of large sub-circular (long oval) pit with single fill 1350. The feature has gently sloping sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.23m x 0.87m x 0.23m (max).

1350 2B Single fill of 1349, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of gravel, stones and possible rubbing stones (finds no 232 233). Dimensions - 1.23m x 0.87m x 0.23m.

1351 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1352 and 1353 (dimensions - 0.60m x 0.60m x 0.15m). The feature has shallow sides, a flat/slightly rounded base and even/gentle breaks of slope.1351 appears to be truncated by pit cut 1303, however since the feature has been badly damaged by burrowing interpreting this relationship proved to be difficult.

1352 2B Upper fill in shallow circular pit cut 1351, being mid dark brownish grey in colour and composed of silty sand (dimensions - 0.60m x 0.60m x 0.10m). The deposit interface is diffuse with a loose consistency and an abundance of inclusions of small stones. The interface was disturbed by burrowing in both the north and south section ends.

1353 2B Primary fill of shallow pit 1351, being orange/brown in colour and composed of sandy silt (dimensions - 0.50m x (unknown) x 0.05m). The deposit interface is moderately clear with a very loose consistency. Likely redeposited natural backfilled quickly after pit was cut.

1354 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1355, gently sloping sides on NW edge, steep sides on SE edge, an uneven base and gentle breaks of slope. Dimensions of the feature are 0.32m x 0.60m x 0.20m. Possibly associated with the entrance to structure 5 roundhouse.

1355 2B Single fill of pit 1354, being very dark brown in colour with a silty sand and gravel composition. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones and rare charcoal. The dimensions of the feature are 0.32m x 0.60m x 0.20m.

1356 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1357 (dimensions - 0.58m x 0.55m x 0.20m). The feature has moderately steep sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. 1236 is located west of pit 1298 on the north of excavation area 2B. and was half sectioned during the evaluation.

1357 2B Single layer of fill of circular pit 1356, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of silty sand (dimensions - 0.58m x 0.50m x 0.20m). The deposit interface is moderately clear with a moderately firm consistency. 1357 contains multiple small stone inclusions likely from a single rapid backfilling episode.

1358 2B Single layer of circular pit 1359, being yellowish brown (slightly darker than natural sand) in colour and composed of fine sand (dimensions - 1.10m x 1.10m x 0.32m). The deposit interface is clear and sharp and the consistency soft. Inclusions include occasional rounded stones and fill shows heavy bio-turbation - worm and root action. 45 1359 2B Cut of large circular pit with single fill 1358. The feature has steep sides cut through the natural yellow sand, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.10m x 1.10m x 0.32m.

1360 2B Single layer of fill of large shallow pit 1361, being mottled black/dark brown/light brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is diffuse and unclear and inclusions include occasional charcoal flecks and rounded stones. Dimensions - 1.40m x 0.85m x 0.22m

1361 2B Cut of large shallow oval pit with single fill 1360. The feature has fairly steep to gradual sides, an uneven concave base and irregular breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.40m (E-W) x 1.80m (N-S) x 0.22m (max).

1362 2B Cut of sub-circular (oval) pit with two fills 1364 and 1363, steep sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. 1362 is only 0.30m NW of pit 1354. Dimensions of cut are 0.45m x 0.56m x 0.24m.

1363 2B Lower layer of fill of pit 1362, being very dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of gravel and rare charcoal. Fill has dimensions - 0.95m x 0.56m x 0.24m.

1364 2B Upper layer of fill of pit 1362, being brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions of deposit are 0.95m x 0.56m x 0.24m.

1365 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill 1366. The feature has very steep/near vertical sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.15m x 0.9m x 0.4m.

1366 2B Single fill of oval pit but 1365, being dark brown in colour and composed of coarse sand. The deposit interface is diffuse, with a firm consistency. Inclusions include occasional rounded stones and occasional charcoal. Dimensions - 1.15m x 0.9m x 0.4m.

1367 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills 1368 and 1391. The feature has steep sides a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.58m x 0.19m.

td 2011 td 1368 2B Single fill of circular post-hole 1367, being light brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and an abundance of inclusions of pebbles and small stones as well as rare charcoal. 1368 surrounds post-pipe fill 1391. Dimensions - 0.56m x 0.58m x 0.19m.

1369 2B Fill of pit 1356. Same as 1357. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1370 2B Cut of medium sized oval pit with single fill 1371. The feature has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions - 1.27m x 0.85m x 0.45m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1371 2B Single fill of medium sized oval pit 1370, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and abundant inclusions of stones and rare charcoal. Dimensions - 1.27m x 0.85m x 0.45m.

1372 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1373, near vertical sides (on S.Edge), a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Cuts into or is cut by 1374 and probably relates to the entrance of structure 5. Dimensions of cut are 0.40m x 0.40m x 0.36m.

1373 2B Single layer of fill of pit 1372, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency, and inclusions of large stones and rare charcoal. The dimensions are 0.40m x 0.40m x 0.36m.

1374 2B Cut of small shallow pit with single fill 1375, gently sloping sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. 1374 is cut by 1376 and 1372. The dimensions of cut are 0.39m x 0.37m x 0.20m.

1375 2B Single layer of fill of shallow pit 1374, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface and inclusions of rare charcoal and medium sized stones. The dimensions of deposit are 0.39m x 0.37m x 0.20m.

1376 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1377 and 1378, steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions of 1376 are 0.60m x 0.46m x 0.38m. 1376 cuts 1374.

1377 2B Fill of 1376, being very dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and charcoal inclusions and is possible evidence of burning in situ. Dimensions - 0.60m x 0.46m x 0.38m.

1378 2B Layer of deposit of pit 1376, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth and has a loose consistency with some charcoal inclusions. The dimensions of deposit are 0.60m x 0.46m x 0.38m.

1379 2B Deposit layer with areas of large and small stones. Dimensions - 8.20m x 6.30m. Spread of structure 5

1380 2B Cut of pit with single fill 1381, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The feature is located at the north western extent of excavation area 2B. Dimensions - 0.90m x 0.84m x 0.40m

1381 2B Single fill of pit 1380, being mid yellowish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and an abundance of inclusions of small to medium sized stones, and charcoal. The pit was fully excavated due to the presence of large stones in the centre of the pit. Dimensions - 0.90m x 0.84m x 0.40m

1382 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill 1383, steep sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. This cut probably relates to the entrance of structure 5. The dimensions of cut are 0.44m x 0.40m x 0.22m.

1383 2B Single layer of fill of pit 1382, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit has a smooth deposit 46 interface and a loose consistency as well as an abundance

1384 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1385, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The cut is possibly associated with the entrance of structure 5 roundhouse. Dimensions of cut are 0.34m x 0.33m x 0.14m.

1385 2B Single fill of small pit 1384, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency, and no notable inclusions. The dimensions are 0.34m x 0.33m x 0.14m.

1386 2B Cut of sub-circular burnt pit with single fill 1387, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. 1386 is cut by a larger pit 1388 to the north. The dimensions of the cut are 0.40m x 0.30m x 0.20m.

1387 2B Single layer of fill within pit cut 1386, being very dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and medium sized stones. The dimensions of the deposit are 0.40m x 0.30m x 0.20m.

1388 2B Cut of sub-circular burnt pit with two fills 1389 and 1390, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. 1388 cuts 1386 to the south. The dimensions of pit are 0.54m x 0.45m x 0.33m.

1389 2B Layer of fill of burnt pit 1388, being black in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and abundant charcoal. The dimensions of this deposit are 0.54 x 0.45m x 0.33m.

1390 2B Primary layer of fill of pit cut 1388, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and medium inclusions of small sized stones and charcoal.

1391 2B Layer of fill within post pipe of post-hole cut 1367, being dark brownish black in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface with loose consistency and an abundance of charcoal and small pebbles. Dimensions - 0.23m x 0.20m x 0.19m

1392 2B Single layer of fill within shallow pit 1393, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. Deposit has a soft/loose consistency, a diffuse/unclear deposit interface (due to burrowing) and frequent small - large stone inclusions as well as occasional fragments of charcoal and prehistoric pottery. Dimensions - 0.25m x 0.25m x 0.10m.

1393 2B Cut of small circular pit with single fill 1392, fairly steep sides, an uneven diffuse base, and irregular breaks of slope. Dimensions are 0.66m x 0.66x 0.20m.

1394 2B Single fill of small pit or post hole[1395], being dark greyish brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a slightly diffuse interface, a soft consistency as well as occasional small stones, one large stone, and occasional charred (hazelnut?) shells. Dimensions - 0.35m x 0.35m x 0.15m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1395 2B Cut of small circular pit or post hole with single fill 1394, vertical sides, a concave base and sharp, fairly clear breaks of slope. Very close to the north end of spread 1379 and to south west or pit 1393. Dimensions - 0.35m x 0.35m x 0.15m.

1396 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1397 and 1398, moderately steep sides, a moderately flat base and even breaks of slope. Dimensions of feature - 1.20m x 1.05m x 0.32m

1397 2B Upper fill of pit 1396, being dark brown/grey and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a slightly diffuse interface, a moderately loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones. The dimensions of this deposit are - 1.20m x 0.70m x 0.17m

1398 2B Primary fill of pit [1396], light orange/brown silty sand with moderately clear deposit interface, very loose consistency with charcoal, small to medium stones and small pieces of prehistoric pot as inclusions. Slightly mixed and has similar black staining to the natural though much darker, likely re-deposited natural.

1399 2B Single layer of fill within pit 1400, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand (dimensions - 3.30m x 1.3m x 0.34m). The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of large boulders (25cm x 38cm), charcoal flecks, pre-historic pottery, fire cracked cobbles and small rounded stones. Possible pit containing domestic refuse.

1400 2B Cut of large shallow pit, oval in shape with shallow sloping sides (more steep at N. end) and with a flat base. One of a series of large oval pits flanking roundhouse structure 5. Dimensions are L. 3.3m x W. 1.3m X D. 0.34m

1401 2B Cut of very shallow pit in NW of area 2B, circular in shape with very shallow sides, very flat base and even breaks of slope. Features has been truncated by burrowing several times. Dimensions are L.0.48m x W. 0.40m x D. 0.10m max.

1402 2B Single fill of shallow pit [1401], a medium grey/brown silty sand with a clear deposit interface, moderately loose consistency and frequent stones and small charcoal fragments as inclusions. Likely single rapid backfilling episode.

1403 2B Fill of posthole [1404] a dark greyish brown fine sand with a clear/slightly diffuse deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and occasional small stones as inclusions. 0.06m deep.

1404 2B Cut of circular posthole with gentle sloping sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. Diameter is 0.26m.

1405 2B Fill of posthole [1406], a dark greyish brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, fairly compact consistency and moderate amounts of small rounded stones as inclusions. Visible worm bioturbation and roots and is 0.14m deep.

1406 2B Cut of small sub-oval posthole with steep to vertical sides, and a flat base. Breaks of slope are sharp at rim and gradual at base. Diameters are 0.34m E-W and 0.24m N-S and 0.16m deep.

1407 2B Cut of very shallow and elongated pit feature located in the NW of area 2B. Cut has very shallow sides, a very flat/uneven base and 47 shallow breaks of slope. The cut has multiple large stones in section and plan. Dimensions are L. 1.10m x W 0.95m x D. 0.13m.

1408 2B Single fill of pit [1407], it is a dark grey silty sand with a moderately clear deposit interface, moderately loose consistency and multiple stones and charcoal flecks as inclusions. Likely single deposition episode.

1409 2B Cut of sub-circular pit associated with the entrance of structure 5, with a single fill 1410, gradual sides, an uneven base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions of cut are 0.54m x 0.74m x 0.28m.

1410 2B Single layer of fill of pit cut 1409, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand and gravel. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones and charcoal. The dimensions of deposit are 0.54m x 0.74m x 0.28m.

1411 2B Cut of small pit/posthole, circular in shape with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.30m W. 0.32m x D 0.20m.

1412 2B Single fill of pit/posthole [1411]. A mid-dark brownish grey silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions.

1413 2B Cut of pit, oval in shape with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.60m x W 0.50m x D. 0.34m.

1414 2B Single fill of pit [1413], a dark brown sandy silty and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal and abundant stones as inclusions.

1415 2B Cut of sub circular post-hole associated with the entrance of structure 5. The feature has a single fill 1416, steep to vertical sides, an uneven base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions of this cut are 0.32x 0.27m x 0.30m.

1416 2B Single layer of fill of pit cit 1415, being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones, occasional burnt bone, and charcoal.

1417 2B Small fill in pit [1396], a yellow/light brown sandy silt with a diffuse deposit interface, a loose consistency and small stones as inclusions. td 2011 td Similar colour & consistency to natural, likely possible slumped natural deposit middle fill.

1418 2B Cut of oval pit/posthole with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 1.00m x W. 0.60m x D. 0.37m

1419 2B Fill of pit/posthole [1418], a light brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and abundant gravel rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L as inclusions. (1419) appears to be a layer of deposit surrounding two possible post-pipes (1420) or (1433).

1420 2B Deposit layer of pit [1418], a dark brownish black sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare

1421 2B Cut of irregular (eye-shaped) shaped shallow pit associated with the entrance of structure 5. The feature has a single fill 1422, gradual sides, an uneven base, and gently sloping breaks of slope. The dimensions of cut are 0.20m x 0.51m x 0.14m.

1422 2B Single fill of pit 1421, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of stone and charcoal flecks. The dimensions of this deposit are 0.20m x 0.51m x 0.14m.

1423 2B Large spread of deposited material. Located in the NW of area 2B, at a depth of 0.14m maximum. Likely deposited rubbish material from negative feature nearby. Dimensions are L. 1.80m x W. 1.00m x D. 0.14m

1424 2B Large spread of dark grey/brown sandy silt material in the NW extent of area 2B. Likely deposited during the same occupation period as spread (1423). Dimensions are L. 2.00m x W. 0.95m x D 0.13m.

1425 2B Cut of large circular pit with vertical sides, a flat base and breaks of slope that are sharp at rim and gradual and base with 7 layers of fill. 1.50m diameter and 1.1m deep. Located at N end of area 2B.

1426 2B Upper fill of very large pit [1425], it is a dark grey/brown fine sand up to 0.60m deep with stones at the base and around the side of the pit particularly the SE quadrant. Slopes significantly towards the middle of the pit. Frequent charcoal flecks and moderately rounded cobbles.

1427 2B A thin layer of redeposited natural sand below (1427) and above (1428) in very large pit [1425]. A orangey brown fine sand that is no more than 0.05m thick running from the edge of the pit at 0.30m deep sloping down towards the middle of the fill at 0.60m.

1428 2B A very thin layer of fill within pit [1425]. A greyish brown fine sand similar to (1426) and is only 0.05m thick. Begins at 0.32m depth at edge of pit and slopes to 0.66m at centre of pit.

1429 2B Layer of fill in very large pit [1425] A soft layer of coarse sand very similar to natural and is no more than 0.08m thick and is found between layer (1428) and layer (1430). Layer begins at a depth of 0.40m within pit and slopes to a depth of 0.65m in centre of pit.

1430 2B Layer of fill in very large pit [1425]. A greyish brown fine sand similar to (1426). Approximately 0.12m thick. One of the several layers of re-deposited natural fills in pit [1425].

1431 2B A layer/band of re-deposited sand within pit [1425] . Forms a substantial part of the fill on the N. facing section. Found between 0.45m and 0.65m below the surface and up to 0.20m thick.

1432 2B Primary fill of pit [1425]. It is a thin layer of sand and stones at the base of the pit found below (1431). Very shallow layer and not easily define due to the natural stones below.

48 1433 2B Deposit layer of fill for pit [1418]. A dark brownish black sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal for inclusions. Possible deposit within post-pipe (1420). Dimensions are L. 0.10m x W. 0.10m x D. 0.10m.

1434 2B Cut of oval pit. Near vertical sides and broad, flat base. Dimensions are L. 0.98m x W. 0.8m x D 0.42m. Located adjacent to Structure 5 entrance.

1435 2B Upper fill of pit 1434. Dark brown compact silty sand with frequent charcoal inclusions and rare rounded stones.

1436 2B Lower fill of pit 1434. Light brown sand and gravel with rare charcoal inclusions. Redeposited natural.

1437 2B Cut of possible circular stakehole situated in the entrance of structure 5. The feature has a single fill 1438, steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions of this cut are 0.13m x 0.13m x 0.10m.

1438 2B Single layer of fill of pit cut 1437, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface with a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones and charcoal. The dimensions of cut are 0.13m x 0.13m x 0.10m.

1439 2B Cut of small pit/posthole, circular in shape with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.40m X D. 0.18m.

1440 2B Single fill of pit/posthole [1439]. A Medium brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and contained rare charcoal inclusions.

1441 2B Cut of small circular pit/posthole with a single fill (1442). Moderately steep sides with even breaks of slope. Possibly related to central raised spread in N of area 2B. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.30m x D. 0.30m max.

1442 2B Single fill of small pit [1441] Deposit is quite mottled with evidence of burrowing. Stones up to 0.03m throughout. Possibly natural backfilling/slumping.

1443 2B Single fill of pit [1444]. It is dark brown silty sand with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal flecks and small rounded stones as inclusions. Also included one large flat grey sandstone 0.23mx0.29mx0.09m. Large stone could have acted as post pad or potential quern.

1444 2B Cut of shallow circular pit with steep sides and a concave base containing single fill (1443). Dimensions are L. 0.37m x W. 0.37m x D. 0.14m.

1445 2B Cut of small circular pit possibly associated with the entrance of structure 5. The feature has a single fill 1446, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.37m x 0.37m x 0.14m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1446 2B Single fill of pit cut 1445, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and small stones.

1447 2B Cut of small circular pit likely associated with the entrance to structure 5. The feature has a single fill 1448, gradual sides and gently sloping breaks of slope. The dimensions of cut are 0.26m x 0.26m x 0.085m

1448 2B Single layer of fill of cut 1447, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions of deposit are 0.26m x 0.26m x 0.085m.

1449 2B Cut of circular pit possibly relating to structure 5 in NW corner of area 2B. Pit has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.76m x W. 0.56m x D. 0.40m.

1450 2B Single fill of pit [1449] that is a dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, has a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions.

1451 2B Layer of deposit in pit [1449]. A light brownish orange sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal as inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.76m x W. 0.56m x D. 0.40m.

1452 2B Sub-circular cut of very small pit or posthole with rounded base, steep sides, and a gradual break of slope. Pit/posthole is likely associated with the entrance to structure 5. Dimensions are L.0.24m x W. 0.22m x D. 0.10m.

1453 2B Dark brown sandy silt fill of small pit/posthole [1452]. It has a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency, inclusions included rare charcoal flecks and very small fragments of burnt bone. Dimensions are L.0.24m x W. 0.22m X 0.10m.

1454 2B Cut of circular post-hole with steep sides a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Located west of structure 5 of area 2B. The dimensions are L.0.27m x W. 0.33m x D. 0.31m.

1455 2B Single fill of posthole [1454]. A dark yellowish brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal and a large rubbing stone <284> as inclusions.

1456 2B Cut of medium sized oval pit/posthole in NW area of area 2B. With steep sides, a very rounded base and even breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.85m x W. 0.50m x D 0.38m.

1457 2B Upper and main fill of pit/posthole [1456]. The deposit has common charcoal remains throughout in addition to multiple stone <0.20m. The deposit is quite mottled possibly from redeposited natural mixing. Dimensions are L. 0.66m x W. 0.50m x D. 0.35m max.

1458 2B Fill of large pit [1425], a light yellow moderately coarse sand similar to natural. Heavy burrow/bioturbation. Fill is more prevalent on the N half of cut but visible in all quarter sections. Fill slopes towards centre of pit. 49

1459 2B Small area of yellow (natural) sand possibly slumping within pit [1425]. Only seen on the E facing quadrant section below (1426) and above (1427). Approximately 0.15m thick and 0.45 below surface.

1460 2B Primary fill in pit/posthole [1456] forming a thin (max 0.10m) band around the edge of the pit beneath main fill [1457] to the surface area. Small stone inclusions were included in the deposit. The fill has black staining much like the natural thus maybe slumping or redeposited natural.

1461 2B Void

1462 2B Void

1463 2B Layer of fill in large pit [1425], it is a dump of orange sand within pit [1425] only recorded on the W. facing quarter section against the pit edge below (1426) and above (1458). Possibly dumped natural prior to the re-cut and backfilling of final phase?

1464 2B Fill of small pit [1465], a dark brown silty sand with rounded stones at centre, some fire cracked, less than 20% of deposit and less than 0.10m in size. Truncated by slightly deeper pit [1480] from east. Pottery found near surface of fill in east side close to interface with [1480].

1465 2B Cut of shallow pit located on N edge of structure 5. Pit is oval in shape with steep sides at N end and gently sloping in W and also a flat base. Dimensions are L. 0.60m x W. 0.40m x D. 0.20m.

1466 2B Cut of circular/heart-shaped pit found within structure/roundhouse 5. The cut has steep sides and rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.68m x W. 0.60m x D. 0.48m.

1467 2B Secondary fill of pit [1467], made of light greyish brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and abundant stones and small pebbles. Also contains band of charcoal rich soil in section.

1468 2B Layer of fill of pit cut [1466]. Appears in section as a clear band within (1467). Fill is extremely charcoal rich and could be evidence of 'in- situ' remains. Dimensions are L. 0.40m x W. 0.05 x D. 0.18m td 2011 td

1469 2B Single fill of possible posthole [1470] made of dark greyish brown fine sand with a diffuse deposit interface, a soft fairly loose consistency and occasional small stones as inclusions. Heavy bioturbation by burrows/roots. 0.05m deep.

1470 2B Cut of sub-circular posthole with single fill 1469, gradual sides, a concave base, and gradual breaks of slope. Post hole is located rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L immediately north of spread 1379 and to the west of 1394. Dimensions are L - 0.20m W - 0.20m D - 0.06m.

1471 2B Lower primary fill of pit cut 1466, being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth

1472 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1473 and 1474, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.44m x D - 0.18m.

1473 2B Secondary upper fill of small pit 1472, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.44m x D - 0.10m.

1474 2B Lower primary fill of pit cut 1472, being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and has rare inclusions of charcoal. Dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.44m x D - 0.08m.

1475 2B Sub-circular cut of a wide yet quite shallow pit with an uneven base, gently sloping sides and a gradual break of slope. It is either being cut by or is cutting into small pit cut [1477] to the NW. [1475] is likely related to structure 5 spread to the N. Dimensions are L.0.57m x W. 0.67m x D.0.20m max.

1476 2B Very dark brown sandy silt and gravel fill of shallow pit [1475] with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and inclusions such as quite compact small & medium stones and frequent charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.57m x 0.67m x 0.20m

1477 2B Sub-circular small pit with rounded base, gently sloping sides and a gradual break of slope. Appears to be associated with entrance to structure 5. [1477] cuts into spread of structure 5 to the NW and appears to be cut by small pit [1475] just to the S. Dimensions are L. 0.39m x W 0.30m x D. 0.14m.

1478 2B Very dark brown silty sand and gravel fill of small pit [1477] of possible entrance to structure 5. Fill included rare stone and rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.39m W. 0.30m x D. 0.14m

1479 2B Lower fill of small pit or posthole 1480, being dark brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has a clear interface, loose consistency and inclusions of small rounded stones, pottery, and carbonized material. Dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.50m X D - 0.22m.

1480 2B Small circular pit or post hole with single fill 1479, gently sloping sides, a concave base, and non perceptible breaks of slope. Cut 1480 truncates cut 1465 to the west and is truncated in the north by an evaluation trench. Dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.50m x D - 0.22m.

1481 2B Cut of irregular, hour glass like pit with single fill 1483. Cut has shallow sides at the top which then sharply dip into a bowl like cut on the northern side of the feature. Cut has a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope and has dimensions L - 0.20m x W - 1.10m x D - 0.52m.

1482 2B Primary fill in irregular pit 1491, being dark grey in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a moderately clear interface, a loose consistency and has inclusions of large stones and charcoal. Dimensions are L - 1.05m x W - 1.10m x D - 0.32m.

1483 2B Primary fill in bowl cut of pit 1481, being light to medium grey in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a moderately clear 50 interface, a loose consistency, and inclusions of small - large stones. 1483 also included a rubbing stone and has dimensions L - not known W - 0.35m D - 0.20m MAX.

1484 2B Irregular cut of an enclosure or possible gully feature found S of structure 5 spread and E of structure 5 entrance with a rounded base, gradual sides and a gently sloping break of slope. One slot was excavated on the SW end of [1484]. No dimensions given due to uncertainty of cut edge.

1485 2B Light orange brown sandy silt and gravel fill of possibly gully [1484] with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones, small white stone bead and possible rubbing stone. Fill retained moisture well which helped identify the feature due to its very light colour and similar look to the natural yellow sand. The entire fill within the excavated slot was sampled.

1486 2B Cut of small circular pit or post hole with single fill 1487, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are 0.39m x 0.45m x 0.25m.

1487 2B Single fill of pit cut 1486, being dark brownish black in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions are L - 0.39m x W - 0.45m x 0.25m.

1488 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills 1489 and 1490, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.59m x D - 0.60m.

1489 2B Lower primary fill of pit cut 1488, being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.59m x 0.60m.

1490 2B Upper layer of fill of pit 1488, being dark brownish black in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, loose consistency and abundant inclusions of charcoal (notably under stones). The dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.59m x D - 0.60m.

1491 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill 1482, moderately steep sides, a rounded base, and relatively even breaks of slope. 1491 cuts earlier pit 1481 and has unknown dimensions.

1492 2B Sub-circular cut of a possible posthole or a deep pit with a rounded base and both steep sides and break of slope. Located S of structure 5 spread and possibly associated with entrance. Dimensions are L. 0.53m x W.0.49m x D. 0.39m max.

1493 2B Very dark brown silty sand and gravel fill of posthole [1492] with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency, and frequent charcoal and possible packing stone inclusions. The size and compaction of the medium stones may suggest they are packing stones. Dimensions are L.0.53 x W. 0.49m x D. 0.39m max.

1494 2B Sub-circular cut of small pit feature with a rounded base, steep sides and gradual break of slope. Found S of structure 5 spread and E of entrance therefore likely associated with structure 5. Dimensions are L. 0.23m x W. 0.27m x D. 0.12m max. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1495 2B Dark brown silty sand and gravel fill of pit [1494] with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency, and very rare charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.23m x W. 0.27m x D. 0.12m max.

1496 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills 1497 and 1503, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.32m x D - 0.31m.

1497 2B Fill of postpipe within post hole cut 1496, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.32m x D - 0.31m.

1498 2B Cut of small irregular post hole with single fill 1499, steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Possibly truncated by cut 1500. Dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.37m x D - 0.29m.

1499 2B Single fill of post hole cut 1498, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.37m x D - 0.29m.

1500 2B Cut of post hole with two fills 1501 and 1502, steep sides, a rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope. Possibly truncates 1498 and has dimensions L - 0.43m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.36m.

1501 2B Upper layer of deposit of post hole cut 1500, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal and abundant stones. Dimensions are L - 0.43m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.36m.

1502 2B Lower layer of deposit within pit cut 1500, being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.43m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.22m.

1503 2B Redeposited natural surrounding post-pipe deposit (1497). Made of light orangey brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions.

1504 2B Cut of circular post-hole found immediately W of structure 5. Cut has steep sides, rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.40m x W. 0.53m x D. 0.29m.

1505 2B Layer of fill within post-pipe of posthole cute [1504]. (1505) is surrounded by a layer of redeposited natural and is made up of medium greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal.

1506 2B Same as 1379

1507 2B Cut of shallow pit. Sub-circular in shape with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 1.20m x W. 1.30m x D. 0.20m 51

1508 2B Fill of shallow pit [1507]. Made of mid to dark brown sand with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and pottery as inclusions (Small find No. 260). Dimensions are L. 1.20m x W. 1.30m x D. 0.20m.

1509 2B Same as 1379. Eastern quadrant of Structure 5.

1510 2B Stone and loamy sand fill of pit [1511]. The stone element of the fill is made up of poorly sorted sub-rounded stones and form an irregular circular shape . The loamy sand fill is a dark brownish black with a wavy deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L. 1.50m x W. 1.10m x D. 0.08m.

1511 2B Cut of shallow pit. Irregular in shape with vertical sides, an uneven base (sloping towards east) and steep breaks of slope. It appears as though the stones of (1510) (the fill of [1511]) surround the perimeter of the feature and define its edges. Dimensions are L. 1.50m x W. 1.10m x D. 0.08m.

1512 2B Cut of large curvilinear ditch (ring-ditch) of roundhouse structure 5. Section A- terminal end at NW quadrant has a max depth of 0.09m with gradual sloping sides, fairly uneven base and is very shallow. Section B dimensions are L.1.40m x W. 2.40m x D 0.14m max. Several postholes were found at bottom of cut in section B.

1513 2B Dark greyish brown fine sand fill of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5 with a clear-gradual deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and frequent stone inclusions (1514). Section A fill has moderate stone inclusions with a max depth of 0.09m. Section B fill is very charcoal rich in most locations and pottery was found (small find number 270) as well as burnt bone.

1514 2B Fill of large sub-rounded stones of ring-ditch [1512]. Dimensions are L. 0.30m x W.0.25mx D.0.20m. Poorly sorted with no distinct pattern.

1515 2B Stone feature within quadrant (1509) eastern quadrant of (1379) structure 5. Unclear relationship of [1515] with ring-ditch [1512] similar size spread of poorly sorted stones as (1551) to NW. No dimensions.

1516 2B Stone rich layer of spread for structure 5. A large loose spread of poorly sorted sub-rounded cobble sized stones in a matrix of find grey/

td 2011 td brown sand. Dimensions 2.20m E-W x 1.30m N-S. Iron object (small find No. 272) found amongst upper layer of stones.

1517 2B Dark greyish brown fine sand fill of stone feature [1515] with an unclear deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and frequent poorly sorted small cobble stones. Similar to (1513). No dimensions.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1518 2B Cut of circular pit with gently sloping sides, an uneven base and sharp breaks of slope. Possibly associated with possible roundhouse immediately to NE. Dimensions are L. 0.54m x W. 0.54m. D. 0.23m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1519 2B Single fill of pit [1518]. Made of a light greyish brown sand with a sharp deposit interface, loose consistency and well sorted small angular stones as inclusions.

1520 2B Cut of circular pit located on W edge of area 2B. The cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base, a sharp break of slope at the rim and a gradual break of slope near the bottom. Possibly associated with nearby pits [1518] and [1522]. Dimensions are L. 0.31m x 0.30m x D. 0.15m.

1521 2B Fill of pit [1520]. Made of a mid greyish brown loamy sand with a sharp deposit interface, loose consistency and rare small sub-rounded stone inclusions.

1522 2B Cut of circular pit near W edge of area 2B. Cut has steep sides, a flat base, a sharp break of slope at the rim and gradual break of slope near the base. Possibly associated with nearby pits [1518] and [1520]. Dimensions are L. 0.54m x W. 0.50m x D. 0.24m.

1523 2B Fill of pit [1522]. Made of mid greyish brown sandy loam with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and fragment of wood and stones as inclusions.

1524 2B Cut of very large shallow pit feature located near centre of area 2B. Cut is sub-circular in shape with gently sloping sides, a rounded base (slopes north), a gradual break of slope at north and a not perceptible break of slope at south. Dimensions are L. 4.15m x W. 2.70m x D. 0.35m max.

1525 2B Primary deposit of very large pit [1524]. Made of a light orangey yellow loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface and loose consistency. Fill is likely to be redeposited natural. 0.11m at thickest.

1526 2B Upper deposit of large pit cut 1524, being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has an abrupt/ smooth interface, a loose consistency and included pottery, rare charcoal, rare burnt bone and a possible rubbing stone. The dimensions are L - 4.15m x W - 2.70m x D - 0.27m.

1527 2B Cut of irregular feature containing two post pipes 1531 & 1532, and deposits 1528 and 1538. The feature has gently sloping sides at the NW edge, an uneven base, and gradual breaks of slope. The feature is located near numerous post holes and pits and has dimensions L - 0.85m x W - 0.36 x D - 0.25m.

1528 2B Deposit surrounding two possible post pipes within pit cut 1527, being light greyish brown in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has a smooth interface and a clear grained/loose consistency. The deposit has dimensions L - 0.85m x W - 0.36m x D - 0.25m.

1529 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with two fills (1530) & (1533), gently sloping sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope in the north, and sharp breaks of slope in the south. The dimensions are L - (not given) W - 1.50m N-S D - 0.35m. 52 1530 2B Organic rich layer of deposit within post hole cut [1529], being dark greyish black in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand and small sub - rounded moderately sorted stones. The deposit has an abrupt/wavy interface and inclusions of occasional charcoal.

1531 2B Layer of deposit within possible post pipe within post hole [1527], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has an abrupt/smooth interface, a loose consistency and very small rare flecks of charcoal. The post hole was not visible from the surface and has dimensions L - 0.16m x W - (unknown) x D - 0.17m.

1532 2B Layer of deposit within possible post pipe within post hole [1527], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has an abrupt/smooth interface, a coarse grained/loose consistency, and rare inclusions of small charcoal flecks. The deposit has dimensions L - 0.29m x W - (unknown) x D - 0.13m.

1533 2B Layer of re-deposited natural within post hole cut [1529], being composed of very slightly stony sand, with an abrupt/wavy interface and a loose consistency. L - (unknown) W - 1.60m x D - (unknown).

1534 2B Redeposited natural that lies above (1531), being light greyish brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has a smooth interface, and a coarse grained/loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.19m x W - (unknown) x D - 0.13m.

1535 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with single fill (1536), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.24m x D - 0.09m.

1536 2B Single fill of possible post hole cut [1535], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface and coarse grained/loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.24m x D 0.09m.

1537 2B Cut of sub circular post hole with single fill (1538), steep sides, a rounded base, and sharp breaks of slope. Associated with 4 other post holes located close together forming an arc shape (1535, 1545, 1547, 1549). The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.22m x D - 0.12m.

1538 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1537], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface, and a coarse grained/loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.22m x D - 0.12m.

1539 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with single fill (1540) and packing stones, steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.65m x W - 0.25m x D - 0.20m.

1540 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1539], being mid brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam and sub rounded poorly sorted stones. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.60m x W - 0.25m x D - 0.20m.

1541 2B Cut of possible post hole with single fill (1542), steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1542 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1541], being mid brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions.

1543 2B Cut of sub-rounded pit with single fill (1544), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and non perceptible (NW) to gradual (SE) breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.31m x W - 0.34m x D - 0.16m.

1544 2B Single fill of pit cut [1543], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.31m x W - 0.34m x D - 0.16m.

1545 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with single fill (1546), steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Associated with 4 other post holes [1535], [1537], [1547], [1549] forming an arc shape. The dimensions are L - 0.20m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.18m.

1546 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1545], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of a loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.20m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.18m.

1547 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with two fills (1548) & (1558), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and non perceptible breaks of slope. Associated with 4 other post holes [1535], [1537], [1545], [1549] which form an arc shaped structure. The dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.09m.

1548 2B Upper layer of deposit within post hole cut [1547], being light brownish grey in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface, a moist/coarse grained consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.23m x 0.09m.

1549 2B Cut of possible sub-circular post hole with single fill (1550), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and non perceptible breaks of slope. Associated with 4 other post holes [1535], [1537], [1545], [1549]. The dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.28m x D - (unknown).

1550 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1549], being light greyish brown in colour and composed of a loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.27m x W - 0.28 x D - (unknown).

1551 2B Dark greyish brown fine sand and sub-rounded cobble stones deposit in structure 5. Comprises partly of poorly sorted cobble stones in a dark greyish brown sand matrix forming a spread approx. 1.20 m N-S x 0.55m E-W. Running N-W from the N. end of the stone fill of [1512].

1552 2B Cut of possible sub-circular pit with single fill (1553), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.36m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.14m.

1553 2B Single layer of deposit within pit cut [1552], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of a loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.36m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.14m. 53 1554 2B Cut of sub-circular/irregular pit with two fills (1555) & (1559), steep sides, a pointed base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.02m x W - 0.50m x D - 0.22m.

1555 2B Secondary fill of irregular pit/post hole cut [1554], composed of slightly stony sand, with an abrupt/wavy interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions are L - 1.02m x W - 0.50m x D - 0.17m.

1556 2B Cut of sub-circular/oval pit with single fill (1557), gently sloping sides, a flat base and non perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.15m x W - 0.57m x D - 0.10m.

1557 2B Single fill of pit cut [1556], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of slightly stony sand. The deposit has a wavy/abrupt interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.15m x W - 0.57m x D - 0.10m.

1558 2B Layer of deposit of post hole cut [1547], being mid brownish yellow in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface is gradual/ wavy, with a course grained/loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.26m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.04m.

1559 2B Primary fill of [1554], being dark brownish orange in colour and composed of slightly stony sand. The deposit interface is abrupt/clear with a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 1.02m x W - 0.50m x D - 0.10m.

1560 2B Cut of circular pit with two fills (1561) & (1562), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions of pit are L - 0.69m W - 0.62m D - 0.25m

1561 2B Lower fill of pit cut [1560], being black in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has a smooth, sharp interface, a loose consistency, and abundant charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.69m W - 0.62m D - 0.25m

1562 2B Upper layer of pit cut [1560], being greyish black in colour and composed of a moderately stony loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.69m W - 0.62m D - 0.25m.

1563 2B Void td 2011 td 1564 2B Void

1565 2B Cut of shallow pit.

1566 2B Single fill of [1565], included flint segment. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L

1567 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with two fills (1568) & (1569), steep sides, uneven base, and sharp breaks of slope. Associated with postholes [1527], [1535], [1537], [1545], [1547], [1549]. The dimensions are L - 0.16m W - 0.15m D - 0.16m © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1568 2B Primary fill of post hole cut [1567], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and a course grained/loose consistency. Dimensions are L -0.16m W - 0.11m D - 0.16m.

1569 2B Secondary fill (probably packing fill) of post hole cut [1567], being light greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy loam. The deposit has an abrupt/wavy consistency and no inclusions.

1570 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1571), vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Post hole lacks packing stones, flanks [1560] and is similar to [1572].

1571 2B Single layer of fill within post hole cut [1570], being dark brownish grey in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface and a loose consistency.

1572 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1573), vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are not given.

1573 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1572], being dark brownish black in colour and composed of very stony loamy sand. The deposit interface is sharp/smooth with a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.30m W - 0.26m D - 0.14m

1574 2B Cut of irregular pit with single fill (1575), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and non perceptible breaks of slope. May be related to a series of post holes and pits which may all be associated with a structure. The dimensions are L -0.41m W - 0.45m D - 0.07m.

1575 2B Single fill of pit cut [1574], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy loam. The deposit interface is abrupt/smooth with a coarse grained/loose consistency. The dimensions are L -0.41m W -0.45m D -0.07m.

1576 2B Cut of sub-circular pit or post hole with two fills (1577) & (1578), steep to gently sloping sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.34m W - 0.25m D -0.09m

1577 2B Primary fill of [1576], being dark orange yellow in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has an abrupt/irregular interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.43m W - 0.30m D -0.09m

1578 2B Secondary fill of [1576], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has an abrupt/irregular interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.22m W - 0.22m D - 0.08m.

1579 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills (1580) & (1581), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L -0.25m W - 0.25m D - 0.11m

1580 2B Primary fill of post hole cut [1579], being mid yellowish orange in colour and composed of slightly stony sand. The deposit has a sharp/ 54 smooth interface, and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.25m W - 0.25m D -0.04m 1581 2B Secondary fill of post hole cut [1579], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface and rare inclusions or charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.25m W - 0.25m D -0.08m.

1582 2B Cut of small sub-circular pit/post hole with two fills (1583) and (1584), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and very gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L -0.42m W -0.33m D -0.08m.

1583 2B Primary fill of cut [1582], being dark yellowish orange and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has a smooth/sharp interface and a loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.42m W - 0.33m D - 0.02m.

1584 2B Secondary fill of cut [1582], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface, a loose consistency, and rare inclusions or charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.42m W - 0.33m D - 0.06m.

1585 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills (1586) & (1587), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and non perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0. 46m W - 0.36m D - 0.13m

1586 2B Primary fill of cut of pit [1585] or packing fill surrounding (1587), being dark brownish orange in colour and composed of very slightly stony sand. The deposit has an abrupt/smooth interface, and a moist/loose consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.46m W - 0.36m D - 0.13m.

1587 2B Secondary fill of cut [1585] (or fill of post pipe), being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface, a compact consistency and occasional charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.08m W - 0.08m D - 0.13m.

1588 2B Deposit of post hole cut [1589], being dark grey brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear/sharp interface, a soft/fairly compact consistency, and occasional charcoal flecks and sub round small stone inclusions.

1589 2B Cut of post hole with single fill (1588), very steep sides, a concave base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the lip. Post hole is located between the remains of the ring ditch [1512] and stone layer (1516). The dimensions are L - 0.38m W -0.38m D - 0.22m.

1590 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1591), gently sloping sides, an uneven base, and gradual breaks of slope. Pit may be associated with 6 other post holes in an arc shape [1535], [1537], [1545], [1547], [1549], [1527]. The dimensions are L - 0.22m W - 0.24m D - 0.15m.

1591 2B Single fill of pit cut [1590], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed by a sandy loam. The deposit has an abrupt/wavy interface, a moist/loose coarse grained consistency, and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.22m W - 0.24m D - 0.15m

1592 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1593], being very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a diffuse interface, a soft/ fairly compact consistency and very occasional small stone inclusions. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1593 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1592), gradual sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.20m W - 0.20m D - 0.06m

1594 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1595], being black in colour and composed of fine silty sand. The deposit has a clear/slightly diffuse interface and inclusions of moderate to large stones and frequent charcoal flecks. The dimensions are L - 0.25m W - 0.25m D - 0.23m.

1595 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1594), very steep to vertical sides, a pointed to concave base and sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.25m W - 0.25m D - 0.23m. Located on outer edge of structure 5.

1596 2B Void

1597 2B Void

1598 2B Void

1599 2B Void

1600 2B Void

1601 2B Void

1602 2B Cut of irregular shaped pit with single fill (1603), steep sides, an uneven base, and gradual breaks of slope. Possible feature abuts [1604], however very shallow. The dimensions are L -0.25m W -0.20m D -0.04m.

1603 2B Single fill of irregular shaped feature [1602], being light yellowish brown in colour and composed of loamy sand. The deposit has a sharp/ wavy interface, and a loose course-grained consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.25m W - 0.20m D - 0.04m.

1604 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill (1605), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope.[1604] is cut by [1606] and abuts [1602] and is part of a series of pits [1602] [1608] [1606]. The dimensions are L - 0.40m W - 0.38m D - 0.17m.

1605 2B Single deposit of possible pit cut [1604], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed or a sandy loam. The deposit has a sharp/ smooth interface, a dry/loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.40m W - 0.38m D - 0.17m

1606 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1607), gently sloping sides, a rounded base, and gradual breaks of slope. 1606 is part of a series of pits [1604], [1602] and [1608], cuts [1604] and is cut by [1608]. The dimensions are L - 0.45m W - 0.25m D - 0.17m

1607 2B Single fill of pit cut [1606], being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of a slightly stony sandy loam. The deposit has a smooth/ sharp interface, a course grained/loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.45m W - 0.25m D - 0.17m. 55

1608 2B Cut of sub-circular bowl shaped feature with two fills (1609) & (1610), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. [1608] cuts [1606] and has dimensions L - 0.32m W - 0.32m D - 0.16m.

1609 2B Layer of deposit of possible pit cut [1608], being mid greyish brown in colour and composed of a sandy loam. The deposit has an abrupt/ smooth interface, a dry/loose course grained consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.32m W - 0.32m D - 0.16m.

1610 2B Secondary fill of possible pit [1608], being light greyish brown in colour and composed of sand the deposit is more than likely a variation in the natural. The deposit has a diffuse/wavy interface and a loose/course grained consistency. The dimensions are L - 0.10m W - 0.06m D - 0.09m.

1611 2B Void

1612 2B Dark grey brown fine sand fill of posthole [1613] including frequent sub-rounded to round stones -- poorly sorted. No evidence of post- packing. Clear to sharp deposit interface and soft fairly compact consistency.

1613 2B Circular large post hole with vertical sides, a sharp break of slope and a flat base. Located to the N of ring ditch [1512] and close to postholes [1595][1615]. Dimensions are W. 0.40m x D. 0.30m. Single homogeneous fill (1612).

1614 2B Very dark brown/black silty sand fill of posthole [1615] with a clear deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and occasions small stones and frequent charcoal flecks. No dimensions.

1615 2B Circular small post hole cut with a flat base, vertical sides, and a sharp break of slope. Abuts cut [1617] on its E side. Located immediately N of ring-ditch [1512] and E of posthole [1613]. Dimensions are W. 0.26m x D. 0.18m.

1616 2B Very dark brown fine silty sand fill of post-hole cut [1617] with a slightly diffuse deposit interface, loose consistency and moderate sub- rounded stones inclusions.

1617 2B Circular very shallow possible post-hole cut with a flat base, gradual sides and a gradual break of slope, found immediately N. of ring td 2011 td ditch [1512]. Abuts posthole [1615] on W side. Dimensions are W. 0.20m x D. 0.05m.

1618 2B Dark grey brown/black fine sand upper fill of posthole [1619] with a clear sharp deposit interface, moderately soft compaction and occasional small stones and frequent charcoal flecks. Found above fill (1631). No dimensions rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1619 2B Large circular posthole with steep sides, a rounded base and a sharp top break of slope and gradual bottom break of slope. Also includes a concave shallow cut to the NW side (Dimensions W. 0.45m x D 0.10m). Located immediately N of the NW terminal of ring-ditch [1514]. Dimensions are W 0.35m x D 0.40m © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1620 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1621, vertical sides, a rounded base, and sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.50m W - 0.50m D -0.47m.

1621 2B Single fill of post hole cut 1620, being dark grey/black in colour and composed of loamy sand, and medium to large sub-rounded moderately sorted stone. The deposit has an abrupt deposit interface at the southern end, a loose consistency and no notable inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.50m W - 0.50m D - 0.47m

1622 2B Cut of large pit sub-circular (oval) in shape with a rounded base, steep sides and gradual break of slope. Located at E extent of structure 5. Truncated by ring-ditch cut [1512]. Dimensions are L. 1.40m x W. 1.20m x D. 0.75m.

1623 2B Upper fill of pit [1622]. Dark greyish black sandy silt and gravel with a diffuse deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal. Approximately 0.05m deep.

1624 2B Upper fill of pit [1622]. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and abundant charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.30m x W. 0.25m x D 0.40m.

1625 2B Middle fill of pit [1622]. Medium greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and large stone inclusions. Contained rubbing stone 271 and 293. Dimensions are L. 0.50m x W. 0.50m x D. 0.45m.

1626 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill 1627, steep sides, a rounded base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the top and gradual at the bottom. Cut contains possible packing stones and has dimensions L - 0.24m W - 0.20m D -0.24m.

1627 2B Single fill of post hole cut 1626, being dark orange brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has a sharp/smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.24m W - 0.22m D - 0.24m.

1628 2B Cut of irregular/oblong shaped pit. Thought possibly to a series of postholes possibly related with an arc of 5 postholes near by [1537] [1545] [1547] [1569]. Cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.83m x W 0.26m X D. 0.14m.

1629 2B Single fill of pit [1628], a mid greyish brown sandy loam with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and occasional sub-rounded very small stones. Worm bioturbation is evident.

1630 2B Lower deposit of ring-ditch [1512] slot B of structure 5. Black sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and very abundant charcoal. Layer was concentrated along very bottom of slot and extended to both sections of slot. Dimensions are L. 0.40m x W. 2.00m x D. 0.09m. 56 1631 2B Middle fill of posthole [1619] below fill (1618) and above (1632). Mid brown fine sand with clear deposit interface, soft compaction and frequent small rounded stones. Very gravel rich, almost like gravel backfill.

1632 2B Lower fill of posthole [1619] at base of cut. Charcoal rich black fine sand with a clear deposit interface and soft compaction. Below fill (1631) of [1619].

1633 2B Cut of fairly large circular post-hole with steep sides a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.60m x W. 0.70m X D. 0.25m.

1634 2B Single fill of posthole [1633]. Made of a dark greyish black loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and occasional charcoal and packing stones as inclusions. Packing stones are large rounded and sub-rounded and also poorly sorted.

1635 2B Cut of oval pit with gently sloping sides, a rounded/slightly pointed base and not perceptible breaks of slope. [1635] contains three separate deposits with evidence of burning. Dimensions are L. 0.55m x W. 0.37m x D. 0.13m.

1636 2B Primary fill of pit [1635]. Made of a light greyish brown sand with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal and gravel as inclusions. Deposits (1657) and (1658) are found above (1636).

1637 2B Cut of small circular posthole with steep sides, a pointed base and steep breaks of slope. Excavator unsure if feature is real. Dimensions are L. 0.36m x W. 0.34m x D 0.16m.

1638 2B Single fill of possible posthole [1637]. Composed of a dark greyish brown loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and medium sub-rounded moderately sorted stones as inclusions.

1639 2B Cut of small posthole within structure 5. Sub-circular with a rounded base, steep sides and steep break of slope. Located within slot B of ring-ditch [1512]. Cut by stakehole [1641] from N and by pit [1643] from W. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.23m x D 0.16m max.

1640 2B Single fill of posthole [1639]. Very dark brown silty sand and gravel with smooth deposit interface, loose consistency, and charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.26mx W. 0.23m x D. 0.16m max.

1641 2B Cut of possible stakehole. Sub-circular (lozenge) shape with a rounded base, steep sides and steep break of slope. Located at bottom of ring-ditch cut [1512] in slot B. Appears to be cutting post-hole [1639] from east. Dimensions are L. 0.16m x W 0.09m x 0.10m max.

1642 2B Single fill of possible stakehole [1642] with slot B of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.16m x W. 0.09m x D. 0.10m max.

1643 2B Cut of medium sized pit, sub circular in shape with steep sides, a steep break of slope and an uneven base. Located at the bottom of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5 in slot B. Appears to be cutting into posthole [1639]. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1644 2B Single fill of medium pit [1643]. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and large pockets of rich charcoal. Dimensions L. 0.44m x W. 0.40m x D. 0.09m max

1645 2B Cut of post-hole, sub-circular in shape with steep sides, steep break of slope, also a gradual break of slope and an uneven base. It is found just N of ring-ditch [1512] . Dimensions are L 0.45m x W. 0.57m x D. 0.34m max.

1646 2B Single fill of post-hole [1645]. Very dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth interface, loose consistency, and rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.45mx W. 057 x D. 0.34m max.

1647 2B Same as post-hole cut [1645]

1648 2B Same as post-hole [1645] single fill (1646).

1649 2B Cut of small post-hole. Circular in shape with steep sides, a gradual break of slope and a rounded base. It is located within slot C of ring- ditch [1512] of structure 5. Dimensions L. 0.26m x W. 0.38m x D. 0.15m

1650 2B Single fill of post-hole [1649] in slot C of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. Medium greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.38m x D. 0.15m.

1651 2B Cut of small post-hole. Circular in shape with steep sides, a gradual break of slope and a rounded base. It is located within slot C of ring- ditch [1512] of structure 5. Dimensions are L. 0.35 x W 0.34m x D. 0.30m.

1652 2B Single fill of small post-hole [1651] within slot C of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. It is a dark greyish brown sandy silt gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and abundant small stones. Dimensions are L. 0.35m x W. 0.34m x D 0.30m

1653 2B Cut of post-hole, sub-circular in shape with steep sides, a not perceptible break of slope and an uneven almost rounded base. [1653] is located within slot B of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. Dimensions are L. 0.30m x W. 0.28m x D. 0.24m max

1654 2B Single fill of post-hole [1653] within slot B of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. It is a very dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and charcoal inclusions. One quite large stone sat within the half section of this fill. Dimensions L. 0.30m x W. 0.28m x D. 0.24m max

1655 2B Cut of post-hole, sub-circular in shape with steep sides, a steep break of slope and a rounded base. It is located at the outer edge and break of slope for the ring-ditch [1512]. Cut is quite clearly defined. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.26m x D. 0.26m max

1656 2B Single fill and post-pipe material of post-hole [1655] within slot B of ring-ditch [1512] in structure 5. It is a very dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and contained post-pipe soil material not including any significant packing stones. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.26m x D. 0.26m 57

1657 2B Secondary fill of posthole [1635]. Composed of a mid reddish pink sand with very rare charcoal as inclusions. The deposit also included small to large sub-rounded poorly sorted stones. The colour of the soil suggests it had been heated. Dimensions are L. 0.50m X W. 0.22m X D. 0.07m.

1658 2B Secondary fill of post-hole [1635] found above deposit (1636). Composed of a dark greyish brown sand with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and abundant charcoal flecks. Dimensions are L. 0.13m x W. 0.12m x D. 0.10m.

1659 2B Upper layer of fill for post-hole [1651] within slot C of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. It is a medium greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a diffuse deposit interface, of a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.35m x W. 0.34m x D 0.10m.

1660 2B Cut of possible sub-circular posthole with steep sides, an uneven/flat base and gradual breaks of slope. May be associated with other nearby postholes [1535] [1537] [1527] [1547] [1549]. Dimensions are L. 0.28m x W. 0.28m x D. 0.12m.

1661 2B Single fill of possible posthole [1660] composed of a dark greyish brown sandy loam with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and occasional medium to large sub-angular stones as inclusions.

1662 2B Fill of post-pipe [1664], a mid yellow brown/dark brown fine sand with a slightly diffuse deposit interface, a soft and fairly compact consistency and includes occasional stones. One of two fills of post-pipe, possibly they are all one fill but just mixed on the outer edge. Dimensions are not given.

1663 2B Fill of post-hole [1664] just west of NW end of structure 5. It is a very dark brown/black fine sand with clear to side/diffuse to (1662) deposit interface, a soft and fairly compact consistency and occasional sub-angular stones. It is much darker (charcoal rich) than fill (1662), possibly forming fill of post-pipe.

1664 2B Cut of medium sized posthole, sub-circular in shape with steep to vertical sides, sharp at lip break of slope, and a concave base. It's vertical side is on S. edge and vertical to steep side is on N. edge. It is located just west of NW end of structure 5. Dimensions are W. 0.35m x D. 0.23m. td 2011 td 1665 2B Cut of possible sub-circular pit with steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.32m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.07m.

1666 2B Single fill of possible pit [1665]. Composed of a dark brownish grey sandy loam and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and occasional charcoal flecks as inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.32m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.07m. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1667 2B Cut of very large sub-rectangular feature. Possibly a ditch segment with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope at the rim and steep breaks of slope nearer the centre of the cut. Dimensions are L. 4.70m x W. 0.90m x D.0.26m max. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1668 2B Primary fill of large pit cut [1667]. Composed of a mid greyish brown sand and gravel with a smooth to wavy deposit interface, a loose consistency and included a pottery sherd (SF No. <274>) and rare charcoal. Deposit is located at top of deposit section. Dimensions are L. 4.7m x W. 0.90m x D. 0.16m at max.

1669 2B Cut of small sub-circular pit with steep sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. [1669] is intercut with [1671]? Dimensions are L. 0.54m x W. 0.25m x D. 0.15m.

1670 2B Single fill of pit feature [1699]. Composed of a dark greyish black loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and occasional charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.54m x W. 0.25m x D. 0.15m.

1671 2B Cut of small circular pit with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and not perceptible break of slope. [1671] is intercut with [1669]? Dimensions are L. 0.46m x W. 0.43m x D. 0.19m.

1672 2B Fill of pit [1671], composed of a mid greyish black loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and occasional charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.46m x W. 0.43m x D. 0.19m.

1673 2B Single fill of post-hole [1674] a very dark brown/black fine sand with a clear deposit interface, fairly compact consistency and also frequent rounded stones and moderate charcoal flecks included. Very similar to (1675) to the SE. No dimensions.

1674 2B Cut of possible post-hole, circular in shape with very steep sides, sharp at lip break of slope and concave base. It is located immediately NE of post-hole [1676] and probably part of the same structure/feature within ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. Dimensions are W. 0.30m and D. 0.22m. Appears that [1674] may be cutting into large pit [1676].

1675 2B Fill of pit cut [1676], a dark greyish brown/ black fine sand, slightly diffuse, fairly compact with moderate small to large sub-rounded stones and moderate charcoal flecks. Very similar to (1673) to the N. Rubbing stone found after pit was fully excavated (small find 292).

1676 2B Cut of large pit or post-hole, oval in shape with steep sides, irregular to sharp breaks of slope and a concave base. Three separate fills within cut although they are not clearly defined. Because the SW edge is not clear it maybe that the pit has been re-cut. Dimensions are N-S 0.90m x E-W 0.60m.

1677 2B Cut of rectangular pit feature with steep sides a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.86m x W. 0.60m x D. 0.19m.

1678 2B Fill of pit [1677], composed of a light brownish grey sandy loam with a sharp deposit interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal. Deposit also included daub fragments and large sub-rounded poorly sorted stones.

1679 2B Cut of stone rich layer (1516) located within structure 5. Sub-circular/irregular in shape with gently sloping sides, undefined (when visible, 58 gradual) breaks of slope. On excavation cut was rather subtle and ill-defined. Dimensions are L. 2.20m x W. 1.30m. 1680 2B Fill of pit [1676], a yellow fine sand, slightly diffuse, soft consistency, and included worm casts. May be result of burrowing or possibly due to the re-cut of the pit.

1681 2B Possible primary fill of pit cut [1676]. A mid-dark brown fine sand, diffuse, fairly compact, with occasional small stones and heavy bioturbation. No visible charcoal. Up to 0.08m thick at base of cut but 0.20 thick on the SW end of pit.

1682 2B Cut of circular pit with gently sloping sides, a flat base and not perceptible breaks of slope. Pit is located S of large rectangular pit [1667] and SW of pit [1698]. Possibly associated with [1667]. Dimensions are L. 0.42m x W. 0.38m D. 0.04m.

1683 2B Single fill of shallow pit [1682]. Composed of a mid-greyish black sandy loam with a loose consistency. Deposit included abundant charcoal flecks, rare daub, heat affected clay and an iron object (possible nail) (SF no. <273>). Dimensions are L. 0. 42m x W. 0.38m x D. 0.04m.

1684 2B Cut of post-hole within SE edge of structure 5. Circular in shape, steep sides, gradual breaks of slope, rounded base. Discovered under layer (1516) of cut [1679]. Truncated by [1679]. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.32m

1685 2B Single fill of post-hole [1684] within SE edge of structure 5. It is the layer of fill located within the post-pipe of [1684] and above fill (1686). It is a dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.32m

1686 2B Layer of fill within post-pipe [1684] within SE edge of structure 5. Found below fill (1685) and surrounds it. It is a light brownish orange sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.33m

1687 2B Cut of large circular pit with vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.69m x W. 0.66m x D. 0.39m.

1688 2B Fill of large circular pit [1687]. Composed of dark brownish black loamy sand with a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency. The deposit included abundant charcoal a large poorly sorted angular to rounded stones. Fill is dominated by one large stone suggesting one episode of dumping.

1689 2B Cut of small pit/posthole located immediately west of much larger circular pit (no context number given). Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.29m x D. 0.09m.

1690 2B Fill of small pit/posthole [1689]. Composed of a dark brownish black loamy sand and gravel with a sharp deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.33 x W. 0.29m x D. 0.09m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1691 2B Cut of post-hole, circular in shape with gently sloping sides, uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Located near the centre of structure 5. Bottom of cut is lined with medium to small stones. [1693] cuts in [1691] possibly. Dimensions W. 0.52m x W. 0.52m x D. 0.20m max.

1692 2B Single fill of post-hole [1691] located near centre of structure 5. Very dark brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal included. Dimensions are L. 0.52m x W. 0.52m x D. 0.20m max

1693 2B Cut of stone-lined pit, sub-circular (oval) in shape with steep sides, not perceptible breaks of slope and an uneven base. It is located near the E inner edge of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5. [1693] cuts into posthole [1691]. W & E edges of cut are difficult to define. Dimensions are L. 0.56m x W. 0.73m x D 0.18m max.

1694 2B Single fill of stone-lined pit [1693] found near the E inner edge of structure 5. It is a very dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface, loose consistency and includes rare charcoal and large stones. A saddle quern or work surface (small finds number 286) was deposited at the bottom centre of the fill.

1695 2B Bottom layer of redeposited natural in pit cut [1667]. Composed of a dark brownish orange sand with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L. 4.7m x W. 0.90m x D. 0.10m max.

1696 2B Fill of pit [1667] found above (1705) and below (1668). Composed of a dark greyish orange sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface and loose consistency. Deposit included occasional charcoal flecks though deposit is thought to possibly be redeposited natural. Dimensions are L.1.0m x W.0.65m max x D. 0.08m max.

1697 2B Bottom fill of pit [1676] likely located in structure 5. It is a mid yellowish fine sad with a unclear interface and soft consistency. Unclear if this was just a slightly contaminated layer or fill prior to re-cut of pit. It is no more than 0.06m thick.

1698 2B Cut of shallow pit. Tear-drop in shape with gently sloping sides, a sloping to SE base and a gradual break of slope on SE edge of cut. Feature is 0.48m S of [1682]. Dimensions are L. 0.59m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.09m.

1699 2B Single fill of pit [1698]. Composed of a mid-greyish brown sandy loam and gravel with a wavy deposit interface and a loose consistency. Deposit included rare burnt bone. Dimensions are L. 0.59m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.08m.

1700 2B Fill of pit cut [1702] it is a black stone rich fine sand with a clear interface, soft compaction and frequent large sub-angular stones and occasional charcoal flecks. Above a thin layer (1701) at base of cut. Dimensions are 0.20x 0.15m x 0.10m.

1701 2B Bottom fill of pit cut [1702] found below fill (1700). It is a dark orange brown gravel rich coarse sand with a clear interface and friable consistency. It is 0.10m thick and could possibly be tumble. 59 1702 2B Cut of large pit, circular in shape with very steep sides, a sharp break of slope and a concave base with stone rich fill (1700) and primary fill (1701). Located within structure 5 close to the NW terminal end and immediately W of pit [1704]. Diameter 0.56m x Depth 0.38m.

1703 2B Single fill of pit [1704]. Very dark brown/black fine silty sand with a sharp deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and included occasional small stones and animal burrows. Also included three small fragments of prehistoric ceramic.

1704 2B Cut of large pit, circular in shape with fairly steep sides, a sharp break of slope and a concave base. Located immediately E of pit [1702] and close to the NW terminal end of ring-ditch [1512] of structure 5 with a diameter of 0.60m and a depth of 0.18m.

1705 2B Layer of fill in pit [1667]. Composed of a dark greyish brown sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Layer found at bottom of cut [1667]. Dimensions are L. 1.0m x W. 0.55m x D. 0.90m at max.

1706 2B Cut of stone filled pit. Sub-rectangular in shape with steep sides, a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. Similar to [1511] and [1507]. Pit found immediately S of large rectangular pit [1667]. Dimensions are L. 1.27m x W. 0.85m x D. 0.40m.

1707 2B Single fill of pit [1706]. Composed of a light greyish brown sandy loam and gravel with a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and very rare charcoal. The top of the deposit includes very small to large poorly sorted sub-angular stones. Dimensions are L. 1.23m x W. 0.85m x D. 0.37m.

1708 2B Cut of small post-hole, circular in shape with steep sides, a gradual break of slope and a rounded bottom. Located within structure 5 at N extent of site. Dimensions are L. 0.38m x W 0.53m x D. 0.10m.

1709 2B Single fill of post-hole [1708]. Mid brownish orange with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and included rare charcoal.

1710 2B Cut of small circular pit with gently sloping sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.45m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.11m.

1711 2B Single fill of small pit [1710]. Composed of a mid brownish black loamy sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and medium sub-rounded stone inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.45m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.11m.

td 2011 td 1712 2B Single fill of post-hole [1713]. Very dark brown/black fine sand with a sharp interface, soft fairly compact consistency and included fragments of angular stone and moderate charcoal flecks. Stones are possibly packing stones.

1713 2B Cut of small post-hole, circular in shape with very steep sides, sharp at lip/gradual at base break of slope and slightly concave base. Within structure 5, possibly paired with [1702] & [1704]. Diameter 0.28 x Depth 0.24m. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1714 2B Single fill of pit [1715]. Very dark brown/black fine sand with a sharp deposit interface, soft compaction and included occasional small stones and frequent charcoal flecks. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1715 2B Cut of medium pit, sub-circular in shape with steep to gradual sides, slightly concave base and sharp at lip/gradual at base breaks of slope. North end possibly truncates pit [1704] on its N. side. Dimensions: diameter 0.58m x depth 0.18m.

1716 2B Cut of posthole, sub circular in shape with steep sides, steep breaks of slope and an uneven base. Located nearly at the exact centre of structure 5. [1716] appears to cut or is being cut by pit [1788] on SE edge. Dimensions are L. 0.50mx W 0.53m x D 0.23m.

1717 2B Single fill of post-hole [1716]. Located near exact centre of structure 5. A very dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and included stones and several pockets of rich charcoal.

1718 2B Cut of pit, sub-circular (oval) in shape with gently sloping sides, not perceptible breaks of slope and a rounded almost flat base. Located near centre of structure 5 and appears to be cut by or is cutting posthole [1716]. Dimensions are L. 0.55 x W. 0.59 x D. 0.15m.

1719 2B Single fill of pit [1718]. Located near centre of structure 5. A dark-brown silty sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and included rare charcoal. Half-section included single medium sized stone.

1720 2B Cut of medium-sized pit, sub-circular in shape with gently sloping sides, gradual breaks of slope and a rounded base. Possibly relates to structure 5 and is truncates [1723]. Dimensions are L. 0.56mx W. 0.60m x D. 0.40m.

1721 2B Upper fill of pit [1720] a dark brownish grey sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and included a possible quern stone (small finds number 277) found above layer of charcoal rich soil.

1722 2B Lower deposit of pit [1720]. Dark greyish black sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, loose consistency and abundant charcoal. Found below possible quern stone (small finds number 277)

1723 2B Cut of pit, sub-circular in shape with gently sloping sides, gradual breaks of slope and a rounded base. Located near structure 5. Truncated possibly by pit [1720].

1724 2B Bottom fill in pit [1723]. Mid brownish grey sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal. Found below upper fill (1725).

1725 2B Upper layer of fill in pit [1723]. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and abundant charcoal. Found above layer (1724). Dimensions are L. 0.14m x W. 0.13m x D. 0.05m.

1726 2B Cut of shallow pit, sub-circular (oval) in shape with gently sloping sides, gradual breaks of slope and a rounded base. Located W. of remaining bulk of structure 5. Southern edge difficult to establish possibly due to truncation. Dimensions are L. 0.48m x W 0.55m x D. 0.085m.

60 1727 2B Fill of shallow pit [1726], a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. As well, a fragmented quern stone (small find 288) was found rested on top of the shallow fill.

1728 2B Single fill of possible pit/posthole [1729], a very dark greyish brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, soft compaction and included large sub-angular stones (0.24m x 0.18m x 0.14m) and charcoal flecks.

1729 2B Cut of small pit or posthole, oval in shape with gradual to steep sides, sharp at lip break of slope and an uneven base. The E half is much deeper (0.25m) with a horizontal edge on the E. side and fairly steep on W. Truncates fill (1730) on W. side. Diameter 0.70m x Depth 0.33m max.

1730 2B Single fill of possible small pit [1731] A very dark brown fine silty sand with a clear deposit interface, soft compaction and charcoal flecks. Truncated by [1729].

1731 2B Cut of very small pit, circular in shape with very gradual sides, gradual breaks of slope and a concave base. Truncated by [1729] on its E. side. A real feature? Diameter 0.30m x 0.10m depth.

1732 2B Cut of pit, circular in shape with gently sloping sides, gradual breaks of slope, a rounded base and two fills 1733 and 1734. Located at S. extent of the inside of structure 5 to the immediate south of stone spread 1679. The dimensions of pit are 0.95m x 1.0m x 0.23m.

1733 2B Upper layer of fill of pit cut 1732, being light brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency, and inclusions include abundant cobbles and one rubbing stone. The dimensions of deposit are 0.95m x 1.0m x 0.10m.

1734 2B Charcoal rich layer of fill within pit 1732, being dark greyish brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a smooth consistency and abundant charcoal (possible evidence of 'in-situ' burning). The dimensions of deposit are 0.65m x 1.0m x 0.10m.

1735 2B Cut of circular pit with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Possible cooking pit.

1736 2B Secondary fill of pit [1735]. Composed of a dark blackish brown sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface and loose consistency. The deposit included to small finds; a possible rubbing stone <279> and a hammerstone <280>. This deposit is charcoal rich and contains many fire cracked pebbles.

1737 2B Layer of fill in pit [1735]. Composed of mid-greyish brown sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Found in section above (1744) and below (1736).

1738 2B Single fill of pit cut 1739, being very dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. Deposit has a soft/fairly compact consistency and inclusions of poorly sorted stones, frequent charcoal flecks, and possible rubbing/quern stone. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1739 2B Cut of sub oval shaped pit, with single fill 1738, gradual sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. 1739 is located within structure 5 roundhouse to the south of posthole 1729 and has dimensions 0.84m E-W x 0.50m N-S.

1740 2B Cut of circular pit located near the southern edge of the interior of structure 5, with gently sloping sides, a rounded/uneven base and steep breaks of slope. 1740 has dimensions L - 0.30m x W - 0.30m x D- 0.14m, and truncates cut 1472 to the south.

1741 2B Single fill of pit cut 1741, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. Dimensions are L- 0.30m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.14m.

1742 2B Cut of circular pit located near the southern edge of the interior of structure 5, with steep sides, a flat base and steep breaks of slope. Cut 1742 has dimensions L - 0.52m x W - 0.52m x D - 0.31m and is truncated by pit cut 1740 to the north.

1743 2B Single fill of pit cut 1742, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. The dimensions of pit are L - 0.52m x W - 0.52m x D - 0.31m.

1744 2B Layer of fill in pit [1735]. Composed of mid-brownish orange sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Possibly redeposited natural.

1745 2B Cut of sub-circular pit located within structure 5 with single fill 1746, steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. Pit has dimensions L - 0.43m x W - 0.47m x 0.16m.

1746 2B Single fill of pit cut 1745, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency, and included a large flat stone and rare burnt bone. The dimensions of deposit are L - 0.43m x W - 0.47m x D - 0.18m.

1747 2B Cut of sub-circular pit located on the eastern edge of structure 5, with steep sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Pit has dimensions L - 0.32m x W - 0.41m x D - 0.17.

1748 2B Single fill of pit 1747, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare burnt bone. Dimensions are L - 0.32m x W - 0.41m x D - 0.17m.

1749 2B Fill of shallow pit [1750]. Composed of dark brown sand. The deposit included occasional charcoal, small rounded stones (less than 5 percent) and rare burnt bone. Small finds in the deposit include a possible fragment of quern (SF no. 285) and pottery fragment (SF no. 283).

1750 2B Cut of very shallow feature, possibly more than one feature. The cut is dumbbell in shape with gradual sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. Signs of animal burrowing. Dimensions are L. 1.0m x W. 0.55m x D. 0.03 to 0.12m.

1751 2B Fill of posthole [1752]. Composed of a blackish grey sand with rare gravel and charcoal. Deposit is heavily bioturbated by worm and 61 animal burrowing. Deposit is concentrated at centre of [1752].

1752 2B Cut of irregular posthole with steep sides, a concave base and varied gradual breaks of slope. Sides are disturbed by animal burrowing. Two deposits (1751) and (1817). Dimensions of cut are L. 0.5m x W. 0.41m x D. 0.26m.

1753 2B Fill of dog-legged shaped gully composed of dark grey and brown sand with a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency. The deposit included occasional rounded stones and charcoal. Appears to be one homogenous fill for cut. Bioturbation by worms and animal burrowing.

1754 2B Cut of gully feature (or post-hole trench) dog-legged shaped with steep sides, an irregular base and varied breaks of slope. Feature may have contained up to four posts. Entire feature only natural? Dimensions are L. 2.20m x W. 0.36m x D. 0.33m.

1755 2B Cut of oval pit with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Single fill (1756). Dimensions of cut are L. 0.87m x W. 0.60m x D 0.28m.

1756 2B Single fill of pit [1755]. Composed of a light brown sandy silt with a loose consistency. Deposit included small and medium sized stones and charcoal.

1757 2B Upper fill of pit cut 1759, being dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear-gradual, with a medium compaction and occasional small pebble inclusions. The deposit has dimensions 0.14m x 0.14m x 0.07m.

1758 2B Upper layer of fill of pit cut 1759, being mid to dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear to gradual interface, a mid-loose compaction and occasional small stone inclusions. Dimensions are L- 0.38m x 0.38m x 0.09m.

1759 2B Cut of sub-circular pit or base of post-hole, with two fills 1757 and 1758, sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Pit has dimensions L - 0.38m x W - 0.38m x D - 0.10m.

1760 2B Single fill of small pit/post-hole, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear with a medium

td 2011 td compaction and few small stone inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.55m x W - 0.44m x D - 0.23m.

1761 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill 1760, steep sides, a flat base and rounded breaks of slope. The pit is aligned N-S and is deeper than cuts 1759 to the S and 1761 to the north. Dimensions are L - 0.55m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.25m.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1762 2B Single fill of pit cut 1763, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear interface, medium compaction and inclusions of small to medium stones. Dimensions - L - 0.50m x W - 0.40m x D - 0.16m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1763 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill 1762, steep sides, a flat base and marked to gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.5m x W - 0.4m x D - 0.16m.

1764 2B Single fill of pit cut 1765, being mixed dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is smooth with a medium compaction and occasional small stone inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.45m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.14m.

1765 2B Cut of small pit with single fill 1764, curving sides, a rounded base and rounded breaks of slope. Pit has an asymmetric profile NE - SW and has dimensions L - 0.45m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.15m.

1766 2B Single fill of pit cut 1767, being mottled dark and mid brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is unclear, with a soft consistency and inclusions of burnt bone, charcoal and a complete saddle quern. Dimensions are L - 0.6m x W- 0.48m x D- 0.22m.

1767 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill 1766, curving sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.6m x 0.5m x 0.24m.

1768 2B Layer of fill of pit cut 1770, being dark grey in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface is smooth, consistency soft with inclusions of charcoal, burnt bone, and fire cracked stones. Dimensions are L 0.5m x W- 0.5m x D - 0.15m.

1769 2B Layer of fill of pit cut 1770, being dark/orange brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear interface, a soft consistency and occasional stone inclusions. Dimensions are L - 1m W - 1m D - 0.28m.

1770 2B Cut of large oval pit with six fills 1768, 1769, 1822, 1823, 1827, 1828. Pit has steep sides, a slightly rounded base and marked breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 1.3m x W - 1.15m x D - 0.77m.

1771 2B Cut of deep sub-oval pit located immediately S of group of features [1773][1775][1777] etc.. The cut has very steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.76m x W. 0.60m x D. 0.50m.

1772 2B Single fill of pit [1771]. Composed of a dark brown loamy sand with a clear deposit interface, moderately compact consistency and includes occasional cobbles and larges stones (less than or equal to 0.3mx0.15mx0.10m). Stones focused at middle of pit and frequent animal burrows.

1773 2B Cut of small sub-oval pit/posthole with steep sides, a rounded base and a sharp at rim break of slope and a gentle at base break of slope. Cut is located between [1771] to E and [1775][1777] to W. Dimensions are L. 0.59m x W. 0.49m x D. 0.20m.

1774 2B Lower fill of pit [1773]. Composed of a light brown sand with a clear deposit interface, a moderately compact consistency and no inclusions. Thought to be redeposited natural. Dimensions are L. 0.59m x W. 0.49m x D 0.20m.

1775 2B Cut of possible stakehole, circular in shape with very steep sides, a round base and sharp breaks of slope. Found immediately adjacent to 62 S of pit [1777]. Cut is being abutted by [1777]. The relationship between the two cuts is unclear. Dimensions are L. 0.12m x W. 0.13m x D. 0.10m.

1776 2B Single fill of stakehole [1775]. Composed of a dark brown silty sand with a clear with natural interface and a not visible interface with (1778) and a moderately compact consistency. Deposit included occasional sub-rounded stones (less than or equal to 0.05m.

1777 2B Cut of small sub-oval pit immediately N of stakehole [1775]. The pit has steep sides to the S and gentle sides to the N, a rounded/sloping base, a sharp to S and moderate to N breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.41m x W. 0.27m x D. 0.10m.

1778 2B Single fill of small pit [1777]. Composed of a dark brown silty sand with a clear with natural deposit interface and a non visible deposit interface with (1776). The deposit is moderately compact with occasional sub-angular and sub-rounded stones (less than or equal to 0.05m)

1779 2B Cut of small circular posthole with very steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.20m x W. 0.19m x D. 0.17m.

1780 2B Upper fill of small posthole [1779]. Composed of a dark brown silty sand with a clear with natural deposit interface and a diffuse deposit interface with (1796). The deposit is moderately compact and had no inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.20m x W 0.19mx D. 0.07m.

1781 2B Cut of sub-oval pit with steep sides, an uneven/flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Found immediately N of group of features [1779] [1777][1775] etc.. Dimensions are L. 0.90mx W. 0.61m x D. 0.28m.

1782 2B Lower fill of pit [1781]. Composed of a light brown slightly silty sand and clear deposit interface with a moderately compact consistency. Deposit includes occasional sub-rounded stones (less than or equal to 0.05m). Dimensions are L. 0.90m x W. 0.61m x D. 0.18m.

1783 2B Upper fill of pit [1781]. Composed of a dark brown silty sand with a clear deposit interface, a moderately compact consistency and occasional sub angular stones (less than or equal to 0.05m). Dimensions are L. 0.90m x W. 0.61m x D. 0.10m.

1784 2B Cut of sub-oval pit similar to [178] and located approximately 4m to the SW though slightly smaller. The cut of the pit has very steep sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.88m x W. 0.42m x D 0.26m

1785 2B Single fill of pit [1784]. Composed of a light brown slightly silty sand with a clear deposit interface, a moderately compact consistency and occasional small stones. Deposit becomes slightly darker towards upper fill but no clear sign of two distinct fills.

1786 2B Cut of circular posthole located to immediate S of linear feature at northern limit of excavation. Cut has very steep sides with a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.33m x D. 0.20m.

1787 2B Single fill of pit [1786]. Composed of a light brown slightly silty sand with a diffuse deposit interface and moderately compact consistency. Deposit included occasional sub-rounded stones (less than or equal to 0.05m). Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1788 2B Upper fill of posthole/pit [1773]. Composed of a dark brown silty sand with a clear deposit interface, a moderately compact consistency and included occasional sub-rounded stone (less than or equal to 0.05m). There was also occasional burrows through the deposit.

1789 2B Layer of deposit within pit cut 1622, being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.15m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.20m.

1790 2B Layer of fill of pit 1622, being light brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal.

1791 2B Cut of three linear ard marks running parallel E-W across the interior of structure 5. 1791 has steep sides, an uneven to rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 3.50m MAX x W - 0.07m MAX x D - 0.08m MAX.

1792 2B Void

1793 2B Void

1794 2B Single fill of pit/posthole [1795]. Composed of a dark brown sand with an abrupt in places deposit interface and a loose consistency. The deposit included rare stones, rare charcoal flecks and evidence of bioturbation by worms and animal burrows. Dimensions are L. 0.75m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.21m.

1795 2B Cut of small oval pit or posthole. Cut has moderate sides with a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. The function of the feature is not obvious. Dimensions are L. 0.75m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.21m.

1796 2B Lower fill of posthole [1779]. Composed of a light brown (dark brown in patches) sand with a diffuse deposit interface with a moderately compact consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L. 0.20m x W. 0.19m x D. 0.10m.

1797 2B Cut of a feature (feature type not given) that is oval in shape and has gently sloping sides. Dimensions are L. 0.55m x W. 0.40m x D. 0.15m. By the section sketch given it appears to be a pit/posthole feature.

1798 2B Single fill of feature [1797]. Composed of a mid-dark brown silty sand with a loose consistency and medium stones.

1799 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill (1800), sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.32m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.08m.

1800 2B Single fill of pit cut [1799], being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and occasional small stones. The dimensions are L - 0.32m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.08m.

1801 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill (1802), sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.74m x W - 0.40m 63 x D - 0.14m.

1802 2B Single fill of oval pit cut [1801], is dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of small to mid sized stones. The dimensions are L - 0.74m x W - 0.40m x D - 0.14m.

1803 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill (1804), sloping sides, a flat base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.35m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.05m.

1804 2B Single fill of pit cut [1803], is dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones. The dimensions are L - 0.35m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.05m.

1805 2B Cut of oval shaped pit with single fill (1806), sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Pit cut [1805] is cut by pit [1807]. The dimensions are L - 0.35m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.17m.

1806 2B Single fill of pit cut [1805], is dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit interface is smooth with a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones and charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.35m x W - 0.43m x D - 0.17m.

1807 2B Cut of oval shaped pit with single fill (1808), sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. [1807] cuts [1805] and has dimensions L - 0.30m x W - 0.40m x D - 0.15m.

1808 2B Single fill of pit cut [1807], is mid-dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of medium sized stones and charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.40m x D - 0.15m.

1809 2B Cut of oval shaped pit with single fill (1810), vertical sides, a flat base, and non perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.2m

1810 2B Single fill of pit cut [1809], is brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The consistency is loose with inclusions of small/medium sized stones and charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.20m. td 2011 td 1811 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1812), sloping sides, flat to rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.04m.

1812 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1811], being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a loose consistency and

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L inclusions of charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.04m.

1813 2B Cut of oval shaped pit with two fills (1814) & (1824), sloping sides, and a rounded base. The dimensions are L - 0.35m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.45m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1814 2B Single fill of pit cut [1813], is mid-dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones. The dimensions are L - 0.22m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.15m.

1815 2B Cut of oval post hole with single fill (1816) and a rounded base. The dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.26m x D - 0.13m.

1816 2B Single fill of pit cut [1815], is dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The consistency is loose with inclusions of charcoal and clay daub. The dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.26m x D - 0.13m.

1817 2B Layer of deposit of pit cut [1752], is greyish orange/brown and composed of sand. The deposit has a gradual interface, a loose consistency and rare small rounded stone inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.50m x W - 0.07 - 010m x D - 0.23m.

1818 2B Lower fill of pit/post hole cut [1795], is pale light brown in colour and composed of redeposited sand. The deposit has a clear interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of small rounded stones. The dimensions are L - 0.75m x W - 0.44m x D - 0.10m.

1819 2B Cut of stone feature 1821 which is located a SE interior edge of structure 5. The feature is irregular in shape, with steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 2.75m x W - 6.80m x D - 0.40m.

1820 2B Layer of deposit of 1819, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and inclusion of large stones and charcoal.

1821 2B Stone 'structure' within cut 1819 with tightly packed stones. Dimensions - L - 2.75m x W - 0.80m x D - 0.60m.

1822 2B Layer of stones within pit 1770. The stones are up to 0.2m across and are mostly well rounded cobbles, and sit in an interface between fills 1769 and 1823. Dimensions are L - 0.80m x W - 0.70m x D- 0.15m.

1823 2B Layer if fill within pit 1770, being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit interface is clear, with a medium compaction and inclusions of cobbles. The dimensions are L - 1.0m W - 1.0m D - 0.3m.

1824 2B Layer of fill of [1813], being light brown/dark yellow in colour and composed of silty sand. The dimensions are L - 0.30m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.28m.

1825 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1826], being dark brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has an abrupt interface, a loose consistency, and occasional inclusions of small rounded stones, 2 packing larger packing stones, and rare charcoal flecks and burnt bone. The dimensions are L - 0.37m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.24m.

1826 2B Cut of circular 'D-shaped' post hole with single fill (1825), vertical sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are 64 L - 0.37m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.24m. 1827 2B Layer of lower fill of pit 1770, being yellow in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear interface, medium compactions and occasional small pebble inclusions. The dimensions are L - 1.0m x W - 1.0m x D - 0.25m.

1828 2B Lower fill of pit cut 1770, being brown and yellow in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear to gradual interface, a medium compaction and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.8m x W - 0.8m x D - 0.05m.

1829 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1830], being dark brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has a clear interface, a loose consistency and occasional inclusions of small rounded stones and charcoal flecks. It is also heavily disturbed by worms and animal burrows. The dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.15m.

1830 2B Cut of sub-circular pit or post hole with single fill (1829), steep sides, a concave base, and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.15m.

1831 2B Fill of post hole cut [1832], being dark brown in colour and composed of sand. The deposit interface is abrupt, with a loose consistency, and inclusions of 2 large vertical packing stones and rare rounded pebbles. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.25m x D - 0.20m.

1832 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills (1840) & (1831), vertical sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.32m x D - 0.30m.

1833 2B Single fill of 1791, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L - 3.50m x W - 0.07m x 0.08m.

1834 2B Cut of oval shaped post hole with single fill (1835), vertical sides, and a rounded base. The dimensions are L - 0.14m x W - 0.18m x D - 0.35m.

1835 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1834], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of small stones and charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.14m x W - 0.18m x D - 0.35m.

1836 2B Cut of linear shaped ditch with single fill (1837), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gentle breaks of slope. The feature runs approximately N-S, and is located 2m south of a similar linear feature [1838] and to the immediate north of a shallow pit [1836]. The dimensions of feature are L - 3.7m x W - 1.06m x D - 0.16m.

1837 2B Single fill of feature cut [1838], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a somewhat diffuse interface, a soft consistency and occasional sub rounded stones and rare charcoal. The dimensions and L - 3.7m x W - 1.06m x D - 0.16m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1838 2B Cut of linear feature with single fill (1839), gently sloping sides, a flat base and gentle breaks of slope. This is a similar feature to [1836] which lies 2m to the south and lies approximately 2m to the east of a possible roundhouse structure. The dimensions are L- 9.0m x W - 0.88m x D - 0.11m.

1839 2B Single fill of linear feature [1838], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a diffuse interface, a soft consistency, and occasional sub-rounded stone inclusions. The dimensions are L - 9m x W - 0.88m x D - 0.11m.

1840 2B Redeposited sand surrounding packing stones within post hole [1832], being orange in colour and composed of sand. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and packing stones suggesting deliberate placement. The dimensions are L - 0.33m x W - 0.32m x D - 0.30m.

1841 2B Cut of sub-circular pit or post hole with single fill (1842), gentle (S) to steep (N) sides , an uneven base, and gentle (S) to sharp (N) breaks of slope. [1841] lies adjacent to southern terminus of linear [1836] and has dimensions L - 0.70m x W - 0.58m x D - 0.10m.

1842 2B Single fill of pit or post hole cut [1841], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a diffuse interface, a soft consistency, and occasional small stone inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.70m x W - 0.58m x D - 0.10m.

1843 2B Lower layer of fill of 1819, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions.

1844 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with two fills (1845) & (1846), gently sloping (steep at NW) sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L- 0.66m x W - 0.83m x D - 0.16m.

1845 2B Primary fill of small pit cut [1844] being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.66m x W - 0.83m x 0.16m.

1846 2B Charcoal rich fill of pit cut [1844], being dark brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and abundant charcoal inclusions. The dimensions of the deposit are L - 0.33m x W - 0.22m x D - 0.18m.

1847 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill (1848), steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.43m x W - 0.47m x D - 0.33m.

1848 2B Single fill of small pit cut [1847], being mid brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a diffuse interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. The dimensions of pit are L - 0.43m x W - 0.47m x D - 0.33m.

1849 2B Spread of charcoal rich sand around possible stone hearth setting 2003 in Structure 6. Masks several negative features associated with Structure 6. L= 4.15m W = 2.88 D = 0.08m 65 1850 2B Cut of feature with three fills (1851)(1852) & (1853). The dimensions are L - 4.2m x W - 1m x D - 0.12m.

1851 2B Deposit of slot through feature cut [1850], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and small stones.

1852 2B Deposit of slot through feature cut [1850], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and small stones.

1853 2B Deposit of slot through feature cut [1850], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a loose consistency and inclusions of charcoal and small stones.

1854 2B Cut of sub-circular pit or post hole, found beneath cut of ring ditch 1512, with gently sloping sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.40m x 0.30m x 0.10m.

1855 2B Single fill of shallow pit or post-hole 1854, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a diffuse interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are 0.40m x 0.30m x 0.10m.

1856 2B Cut of pit or post hole located to the east of the exterior of ring ditch 1512 of structure 5. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.32m x W - 0.31m x D - 0.14m.

1857 2B Single fill of pit 1856, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a gradual deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.32m x W - 0.31m x D - 0.14m.

1858 2B Cut of circular posthole discovered near the south east external edge of ring ditch 1512 of structure 5. 1858 has single fill 1859, steep sides, a rounded base, and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions are L - 0.31m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.33m.

1859 2B Single fill of posthole cut 1858, being dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, loose consistency and one large packing stone and is located near the south east external edge of ring ditch 1512 of structure 5. The

td 2011 td dimensions are L - 0.31m x W - 0.35m x D - 0.33m.

1860 2B Cut of circular posthole with single fill 1861 located at the southern end of the external of ring ditch 1512 of structure 5. 1860 has steep sides, a rounded base, and steep breaks of slope and has dimensions L - 0.29m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.19m.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1861 2B Single layer of deposit of posthole 1860, being very dark brown in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.29m x W - 0.30m x D - 0.19m. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1862 2B Single fill of pit cut [1863], being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a gradual interface, a fairly compact consistency and inclusions of charcoal and pebbles. The dimensions are L - 0.80m x W - 0.70m x D - 0.18m.

1863 2B Cut of oval pit aligned NW-SE with single fill (1862), sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are 0.80m x 0.70m x 0.18m.

1864 2B Void

1865 2B Void

1866 2B Cut of circular post hole with two fills (1867) & (1872), steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.46m x W - 0.48m x D - 0.58m.

1867 2B Layer of deposit within post hole cut [1866], being dark brownish black in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.46m x 0.48m x D - 0.58m.

1868 2B Layer of deposit within 'cooking' pit [1869], being dark brown in colour and composed of silty sand. The deposit has a clear interface with a loose consistency. Inclusions include rounded (some fire cracked) cobbles making up 50% of deposit, charcoal flecks and rare bone. The dimensions are L - 0.92m x W - 0.62m x D - 0.24m.

1869 2B Cut of oval shaped 'cooking' pit with two fills (1868) & (1936), vertical and steeply sloping sides, a flat base and gradual (W) to abrupt (N) breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.92m x W - 0.62m x D - 0.24m.

1870 2B Cut of small posthole with single fill 1871, gradual sides, an uneven base and non perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.22m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.08m.

1871 2B Single fill of small posthole 1870, being black in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a smooth interface, a loose consistency and charcoal inclusions. Dimensions are L - 0.22m x W - 0.23m x D - 0.08m.

1872 2B Layer of packing stones and material at SW extent of post hole [1866], being mid brownish orange in colour and composed of sandy silt. The deposit has a diffuse interface, loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal, abundant small to medium stones, and fragments of broken quern stones. The dimensions are L - 0.46m x W - 0.20m x D - 0.55m.

1873 2B Cut of oval pit with single fill (1874), gently sloping sides, an oval base, and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.41m x W - 0.52m x D - 0.10m.

1874 2B Primary fill of pit cut [1873], being mid brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth 66 interface, a loose consistency and inclusions of rare charcoal. The dimensions are L - 0.41m x W - 0.52m x D - 0.10m.

1875 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill (1876), gently sloping sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L - 0.52m x W - 0.64m x D - 0.13m.

1876 2B Layer of deposit of pit cut [1875], being mid brownish grey in colour and composed of sandy silt and gravel. The deposit has a smooth interface, loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions. Its dimensions are L - 0.52m x W - 0.64m x D - 0.13m.

1877 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1878), a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Its dimensions are L - 0.80m x W - 0.75m x D - 0.19m.

1878 2B Single fill of pit cut [1877], being brown/black in colour and composed of very slightly stony fine sand. The deposit has a smooth interface, loose consistency and inclusions of very small and occasional charcoal. Its dimensions are L - 0.80m x W - 0.75m x D - 0.19m.

1879 2B Single fill of shallow pit cut [1880], being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear interface, soft/ compact consistency and occasional small stone inclusions. Its dimensions are L - 0.47m x W - 0.47m x D - 0.08m.

1880 2B Cut of circular pit/post hole with single fill (1879), shallow sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Its dimensions are L - 0.47m x W - 0.47m x D - 0.08m.

1881 2B Single fill of pit cut [1882] being mottled mid to dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a diffuse interface, soft and compact consistency and occasional small to medium poorly sorted stones. Its dimensions are L - 0.66m x W - 0.66m x D - 0.09m.

1882 2B Cut of sub-circular pit with single fill (1881), gradual - diffuse sides, an uneven base and irregular breaks of slope. Its dimensions are L - 0.66m x W - 0.66m x D - 0.09m.

1883 2B Void

1884 2B Void

1885 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1886] being very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear - sharp interface, a soft/fairly compact consistency, and inclusions of very occasional large sub-angular stones. Its dimensions are L - 0.42m x W - 0.42m x D - 0.36m.

1886 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1885), vertical sides, a rounded base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the lip and gradual at the base. Its dimensions are L - 0.42m x W - 0.42m x D - 0.36m.

1887 2B Void Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1888 2B Void

1889 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1890], being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a sharp/clear interface, a soft/ fairly compact consistency, and occasional small to medium rounded stones and possible charcoal flecks. Its dimensions are L - 0.28m x W - 0.28m x D - 0.23m.

1890 2B Cut of post hole with single fill (1989), very steep to vertical sides, a concave base and sharp to gradual breaks of slope. L - 0.28m x W - 0.28m x D - 0.23m.

1891 2B Single fill of small pit [1892], being very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a sharp interface, a soft/fairly compact consistency and occasional inclusions of small stones. Its dimensions are L - 0.78m x W - 0.54m x 0.22m

1892 2B Cut of small pit with single fill (1891), fairly steep sides, a concave base and breaks of slope that are sharp at the lip. Its dimensions are L - 0.78m x W - 0.54m x 0.22m.

1893 2B Void

1894 2B Fill of feature, possibly just animal burrowing. It is composed of a dark brown fine sand with gravel with a sharp deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. No photos or samples taken. Dimensions are L. 0.23m x W. 0.21m x D. 0.07m.

1895 2B Cut of a sub-circular pit. Cut has gently sloping sides a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. One fill (1896). The dimensions are L. 0.62m x W. 0.61m x D. 0.19m.

1896 2B Single fill of sub-circular pit. Composed of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.62m x W. 0.61m x D. 0.19m.

1897 2B Cut of a small sub-circular posthole found near the NNE edge of excavation in area 2B. The posthole has steep sides and an uneven base. The S half of the cut has been cut by posthole [1899]. These two cuts make up the northern half of a sequence of 5 postholes, [1897] being one of the smallest. Dimensions are L. 0.22m x W. 0.19m? X D. 0.15m max.

1898 2B The single fill of posthole [1897]. Composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and rare charcoal inclusions.

1899 2B Cut of a sub-circular posthole found near the NNE edge of excavation for area 2B. The cut has steep sides, an uneven base and cuts into one half of posthole [1897] and the cut itself is cut into one half by a larger posthole [1901]. [1899] is one of a sequence of 5 postholes which are all cutting into each other. Dimensions are L. 0.25m x W. 0.30m? X D. 0.20m max.

1900 2B The single fill of sub-circular posthole [1899]. Composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose 67 consistency and included very rare charcoal and burnt bone.

1901 2B Cut of sub-circular posthole found in the middle of a linear sequence of 5 postholes in the near the NNE edge of area 2B. [1901] is the deepest of the five. The cut has steep sides and an uneven base. [1901] cuts into one half of [1899] to the north and is cut by [1903] to the south. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.36m x D. 0.35m.

1902 2B Single of sub-circular pit [1091]. Composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and contained rare bits of charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.26m x W. 0.36m x D. 035m.

1903 2B Cut of a sub-circular posthole, one in a linear sequence of 5 postholes with [1903] being the largest. [1903] appears to cut [1901] and [1903] appears to be cut by smaller posthole [1905]. The cut has steep sides, an uneven base and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.37m x W. 0.45m?x D. 0.57m.

1904 2B The single fill of posthole [1903], one in a linear sequence of five postholes. It is composed of a very dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency. The deposit included quite charcoal rich pockets of soil.

1905 2B Cut of small sub-circular posthole found at the south end of a linear sequence of five postholes near the NNE edge of area 2B. [1905] appears to be cutting into [1903], a much larger posthole. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.25m x W. 0.29m x D. 0.14m max.

1906 2B The single fill of small sub-circular posthole [1906]. Composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency. The fill had no inclusions and no finds. Dimensions are L. 0.25m x W. 0.29m x D. 0.14m max.

1907 2B Single fill of possible posthole/pit [1909]. Composed of a mottled dark brown fine sand with a diffuse deposit interface and a fairly compact consistency. The fill also included occasional mixed stone. Very similar to fill (1908) to the N part of cut. Measures to a depth of 0.15m.

1908 2B Single fill of N half of possible posthole/pit [1909]. Very similar to fill (1907) to the S. (1908) is composed of a mottled dark brown fine sand td 2011 td with a diffuse deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and included occasional mixed stones. Measures to a depth of 0.14m.

1909 2B Cut of a 'figure 8' shaped feature with two joined pits/postholes aligned N-S 0.72m long, 0.35m wide and a max depth of 0.14m. The south pit is 0.35 in diameter and the north pit is 0.33m in diameter. Both have steep sides and a concave base.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1910 2B Single fill of posthole [1911]. Composed of a dark brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and occasional small stones. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1911 2B Cut of a circular posthole. 0.37m in diameter and 0.26m deep with a single homogenous fill (1910). The cut has very steep sides, a concave base and sharp at the lip breaks of slope. Posthole is found immediately S of 'figure of 8' postholes [1909].

1912 2B Bottom fill of small posthole [1913]. Composed of a dark brown/black sand with a loose consistency and included small rounded stones. The fill has been disturbed by animal burrowing in NW side and has also been disturbed with bioturbation by worms. Dimensions are L. 0.18m x W. 0.16m x D. 0.07m.

1913 2B Cut of a small and very shallow posthole. Cut has U-shaped sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.18m x W. 0.16m x D. 0.07m.

1914 2B Fill of small posthole [1915]. Composed of a dark brown sand with a smooth deposit interface and included small rounded stones (less than 10%). Heavy bioturbation by animal burrowing.

1915 2B Cut of shallow sub-circular posthole part of a group of postholes and small pits in area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. Due to the high amounts of surrounding animal burrows it may be that this feature is not real. However the dimensions are L. 0.32m x W. 0.23m x D. 0.11m.

1916 2B Single fill of small posthole/pit [1917]. Composed of a dark brown sand with a loose consistency. The deposit also included rounded stones (less than 20%) and charcoal flecks.

1917 2B Cut of circular small posthole/pit. One of a group of small pits and postholes surrounding a large flat oval stone. The cut has vertical sides, a concave/flat base and abrupt breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.33m x D. 0.18m.

1918 2B Single fill of possible posthole/pit [1919] however there is frequent animal burrowing surrounding the feature and in the feature. Nonetheless, the deposit is composed of a dark brown sand with a loose consistency and included rare small rounded stones and occasional charcoal flecks. Dimensions are L. 0.52m x W. 0.30m x D. 0.15m.

1919 2B Cut of possible posthole, pear shaped and located immediately SSE of a large pit. The cut has moderately sloping sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.52m x W. 0.30m x D. 0.15m. Cut is possibly the result of animal burrowing.

1920 2B Cut of circular pit/posthole with gently sloping sides, a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L.0.46mx W. 0.45m x D. 0.13m.

1921 2B Fill of pit [1920] composed of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and included abundant charcoal. Dimensions are L.0.46m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.13m. 68 1922 2B Cut of circular pit with steep sides a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.60m x W. 0.76m x D. 0.29m. One of a group of pits and postholes near the NE corner of area 2B.

1923 2B Primary fill of pit [1922] in the NE corner of area 2B. Composed of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and frequent charcoal. Similar to (1921). Dimensions are L. 0.60m x W. 0.76m x D. 0.29m.

1924 2B Layer of fill in pit [1922]. Composed of an orange/brown fine sand and gravel with a clear deposit interface and a loose consistency. The fill included occasional charcoal flecks. Dimensions are L. 0.50m x W. 0.50m x D. 0.20m.

1925 2B Single fill of pit [1926]. Composed of a mottled mid orange brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and included occasional small stones. Deposit is slightly darker to the top but no defined change to lighter sand at base. Heavily bioturbation by worms and roots.

1926 2B Cut of large circular feature with a diameter of 0.58m and a depth of 0.30m, located immediately west of [1882] and possibly part of the same feature. The cut has steep sides, a concave base and sharp at lip breaks of slope.

1927 2B Cut of sub-circular pit near the NNE edge of excavation. Cut has steep sides, an uneven base and gradual breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.38m x W. 0.55m x D. 0.18m. Pit has single fill (1928).

1928 2B Single fill of pit [1927] found near the NNE edge of excavation. It is composed of a very dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit inter face, a loose consistency and no inclusions. Dimensions are L. 0.38m x W. 0.55m x D. 0.18m max.

1929 2B Void

1930 2B Void

1931 2B Void

1932 2B Void

1933 2B Cut of sub-circular pit found near the NNE edge of excavation in area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. [1933] has a single homogenous fill (1934). The dimensions are L. 0.44m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.12m.

1934 2B Single fill of pit [1934] found near the NNE edge of excavation in area 2B. It is composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface and a loose consistency. The fill also included fragments of daub and rare charcoal. The dimensions are L. 0.40m x W. 0.44m x D. 0.12m max.

1935 2B Heat-affected fill of pit 1869. Dark red-brown sand.

1936 2B Void Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1937 2B Cut of irregular posthole found near the NNE corner of area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a flat/pointed base and gradual breaks of slope. Cut has single fill (1938). The dimensions are L. 0.33m x W. 0.30m x D. 0.21m.

1938 2B Single fill of posthole [1937]. Composed of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. The dimensions are L. 0.33mx W. 0.30m x D. 0.21m.

1939 2B Cut of sub-circular posthole found near NNE corner of area 2B. Cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.21m x W. 0.20m x D. 0.09m.

1940 2B Fill of posthole [1939]. Composed of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with an abrupt deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. The dimensions are L. 0.21m x W. 0.20m x D. 0.09m.

1941 2B Cut of circular posthole found near NNE corner of area 2B. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Filled by two deposits (1942) and (1943). The dimensions are L. 0.43m x W. 0.41m x D. 0.25m.

1942 2B Primary fill of posthole [1941] near NNE corner of area 2B. The fill is composed of a brown fine sand and gravel with a loose consistency and included occasional charcoal. Dimensions are. L. 0.43m x W. 0.41m x D. 0.08m.

1943 2B Secondary fill of pit [1941]. Composed of a yellowish brown fine sand and gravel with a gradual deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal. The dimensions are L. 0.30m x W. 0.41m x D. 0.17m.

1944 2B Cut of small pit. Filled by 1945. Oval in plan. Gradual sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.42m W = 0.28m D = 0.14m

1945 2B Single fill of pit [1944]. It is composed of a very dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and no inclusions. The dimensions are L. 0.23m x W. 0.42m x D. 0.14m max.

1946 2B Cut of a small sub-circular pit found at near the NNE edge of excavation of area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. Pit has single fill (1947). The dimensions are L. 0.34m x W. 0.32m x D. 0.15m max.

1947 2B Single fill of small sub-circular pit [1946]. Fill is composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and small stones as inclusions. No finds. The dimensions are L. 0.34mx W. 0.32m x D. 0.15m max.

1948 2B Cut of a small sub-circular posthole found 0.50m north of burning pit [1954] near the NNE corner of area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.30m x W. 0.34m x D. 0.21m max.

1949 2B Single fill of small sub-circular posthole [1948]. The fill is composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and includes possible packing stones and very rare flecks of charcoal. The dimensions of the fill are L. 0.30m x W. 0.34m x D. 0.21m max. 69

1950 2B Fill of posthole [1951]. Composed of a very dark brown/black fine sand with a sharp deposit interface, a fairly firm consistency and included occasional small angular stones. Fill may contain postpipe.

1951 2B Cut of large circular posthole located just N of [1953] and E of [1909]. The cut has vertical sides, a flat base and sharp breaks of slope. It has a diameter of 0.46m and a depth of 0.23m with a single fill (1950).

1952 2B Single fill of posthole [1953]. It is composed of a very dark brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and included occasional small stones and large packing stones and rare charcoal flecks. Deposit become more mottled to the base-- possibly due to bioturbation.

1953 2B Cut of a slightly oval posthole. The cut has very steep to vertical sides, a concave base and a sharp at lip breaks of slope. Cut is aligned NE-SW 1.40m x 0.50m and 0.42m deep. At the SW end there may be another cut 0.30m in diameter and 0.10m deep.

1954 2B Cut of medium-sized sub-circular cooking pit found near the NNE corner of area 2B. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and steep breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.37m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.23m max.

1955 2B Single fill of possible cooking pit [1954]. It is composed of a dark brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rare charcoal and rare burnt bone. The deposit also included several small to medium sized angular fired stones. Dimensions are L. 0.37m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.23m max.

1956 2B Top layer of fill in pit cut [1954]. Composed of a grey sand and gravel with a smooth deposit interface, a loose consistency and included burnt seeds and rare charcoal flecks. The fill also contained several small to medium sized angular fired stones. Dimensions are L. 0.37m x W. 0.45m x D. 0.06m max.

1957 2B Cut of possible animal burrow found near NNE corner of area 2B. Cut has steep sides, a flat/pointed base, and not perceptible breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.45m x W. 0.40m x D. 0.15m.

td 2011 td 1958 2B Fill of possible animal burrow[1957]? VOID?

1959 2B Cut of possible tree throw. Cut is irregular/long-oval in plan. It has steep sides, an uneven base and steep breaks of slope. It is located near the NNE corner of area 2B and has single fill (1960). The edge of the cut was very subtle and it was difficult to determine if real. Dimensions are L. 0.79m x W. 1.86m x D. 0.36m max. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1960 2B Single fill of possible tree throw [1959]. Composed of a very light brown grey sandy silt and gravel with a diffuse deposit interface, a loose consistency, and includes very rare flecks of charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.79m x W. 1.86m x D. 0.36m max. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

1961 2B Fill of shallow pit [1962]. Composed of a dark brown fine sand with a slightly diffuse deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and included frequent cobble stones and occasional charcoal. It is very mixed and heavily burrowed.

1962 2B Cut of a large oval shallow pit located very close to posthole [1953]. The cut has steep sides, a flat base and sharp at lip break of slope and gradual at base break of slope. Aligned NE-SW the cut measures 0.78m x 0.52m and is 0.15m deep and has single fill (1961).

1963 2B Upper fill of pit cut [1965]. It is a thin 0.05m thick deposit of black sand with a diffuse interface found above (1964). The fill included occasional small stones and occasional charcoal flecks. The deposit also has heavy bioturbation from burrows and roots.

1964 2B Lower fill of shallow pit [1965] found below fill (1963). Interface between two fills is diffuse but sharp at base. Fill is composed of a mixed dark brown fine sand that included occasional small stones. The fill has heavy bioturbation.

1965 2B Cut of a small and shallow oval pit located N of pit [1967] and eat of posthole [1953] and [1951]. The cut has gently sloping sides, a rounded base and sharp at lip breaks of slope. Two fills (1963) and (1964). Measures 0.70m N-S by 0.54m E-W and is 0.18m deep.

1966 2B Single fill of pit [1967]. Fill is composed of a dark mottled brown fine sand with a sharp deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency included poorly sorted angular stones.

1967 2B Cut of a very shallow circular pit with a diameter of 0.52m and a depth of 0.10m. The cut has gently sloping sides, a concave base and gradual breaks of slope. It has a single fill (1966).

1968 2B Upper fill of double pit [1971] and [1972]. Composed of a dark brown sand with a gradual deposit interface, a loose consistency and included rounded and angular stones (5% of deposit). Dimensions are L. 1.06m x W. 0.50m x D. 0.21m.

1969 2B Lower fill of pit [1971]. Comprises of a dark brown sand with a diffuse deposit interface and a loose consistency. This deposit included occasional charcoal and 1 large stone 0.25mx0.08m on NW edge of cut. There is also significant bioturbation.

1970 2B Lower fill of pit [1972]. Comprising of dark blackish brown sand of a loose consistency. The deposit interface is diffuse with (1968) but abrupt again natural. The deposit included occasional charcoal and burnt bone, fire cracked cobbles and a possible rubbing/quern stone (SF no. 337).

1971 2B Cut of circular pit possibly using for cooking. It is located adjacent to similar pit [1972] (though it is not as deep). The cut has vertical sides, a flat base that slopes to the NW and abrupt breaks of slope. Dimensions are L. 0.50m x W. 0.42m x D. 0.27m.

1972 2B Cut of circular pit possibly used for cooking. Found adjacent to pit [1971]. The cut has vertical sides, a flat base and abrupt breaks of slope. [1972] is part of a cluster of pits around a large flat stone near the N limit of excavation in area 2B. Dimensions are L. 0.50m x W. 0.47m x D. 70 0.37m. 1973 2B Single fill of posthole pit [1974]. Comprises of a dark brown fine sand with a sharp deposit interface, soft fairly compact consistency and includes occasional small rounded stones. Heavy bioturbation from worms and animal burrowing.

1974 2B Cut of small circular pit/posthole located immediately NE of cut [1895]. Cut has very steep sides, a concave base and sharp at lip breaks of slope. Cut measures 0.37 diameter and is 0.23m deep.

1975 2B Fill of pit/posthole [1976]. Comprises of a slightly mottled dark brown fine sand with a clear deposit interface, slightly compact consistency and occasional angular stone inclusions. Also heavy bioturbation.

1976 2B Cut of a sub-circular pit/posthole located close to N limit of excavation in area 2B. The cut has very steep sides, a concave base and sharp at lip breaks of slope. Cut measures 0.65m E-W and 0.55m N-S with a max depth of 0.26m. The north 1/2 has a slightly larger and deeper cut than the south 1/2, meaning possible re-cut.

1977 2B Single fill of posthole [1978]. Comprises of a very dark brown fine sane with a sharp deposit interface, a fairly compact consistency and includes frequent rounded to angular cobble stones.

1978 2B Cut of small circular pit/posthole found south of large pit [1976]. The cut has fairly steep sides, a concave base, and sharp at lip breaks of slope. The cut has a 0.28m diameter and is 0.14m deep.

1979 2B Cut of an irregular shaped pit found near NE corner of limit of excavation in area 2B. The cut has stepped sides, a rounded base and not perceptible breaks of slope. [1979] is part of a group of pit features including [1983] and [1981] etc. The dimensions of the cut are L. 0.76m x W. 0.66m x D. 0.19m. It is filled by deposits (1980)(1985).

1980 2B Primary fill of irregular pit [1979]. Comprising of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and included occasional charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.54m x W. 0.66m x D. 0.19m max.

1981 2B Cut of circular posthole found near the NE corner of area 2B as part of a group of pits/postholes including [1979] and [1983] etc.. The cut has steep sides, a rounded base and sharp breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.70m x W. 0.56m x D. 0.40m.

1982 2B Fill of posthole [1981]. Comprises of a dark brown fine sand and gravel with a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and included some rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.70m x W. 0.56m x D. 0.40m max.

1983 2B Cut of circular posthole found near the NE corner of area 2B amongst a collection of pits/postholes [1979][1981]. Cut has steep sides, a rounded base and gradual breaks of slope. The dimensions are L. 0.45m x W. 0.38m x D. 0.15m.

1984 2B Single fill of posthole [1983]. Comprises of a dark brown fine sand and stones with a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and includes rare charcoal. Dimensions are L. 0.45m x W. 0.38m x D. 0.14m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

1985 2B Secondary deposit of feature cut [1979], is brown black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear interface, a loose consistency, and abundant charcoal inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.22m W - 0.66m D -0.19m

1986 2B Packing deposit of post hole cut [1981], is brown in colour and composed of fine, slightly stony sand. The deposit has a clear interface, a loose consistency and rare inclusions of charcoal.

1987 2B Packing deposit of post hole cut [1983], is brown in colour, has a clear deposit interface, a loose consistency and very rare charcoal. Dimensions are L - 0.10m x W - x D - 0.08m.

1988 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1989], is very dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear/sharp interface, a soft/ fairly compact consistency, and moderate inclusions of small rounded stones.

1989 2B Cut of circular pit with single fill (1988), steep sides, a concave base and sharp breaks of slope. [1989] is located immediately west of post hole [1991] and north west of [1995].

1990 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1991], is very dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear/slightly diffuse interface, a soft - fairly compact consistency and frequent cobble stone and occasional large sub-round stone inclusions. The dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.15m x D - 0.15m.

1991 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1990), vertical sides, a flat base, and sharp breaks of slope. Cut [1991] is located E of post hole [1989], W of [1993] and N or [1995]. Dimensions are L - 0.25m x W - 0.15m x D - 0.15m.

1992 2B Single fill of cut [1993], is very dark brown/black in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear/diffuse interface, a soft/ fairly compact consistency and occasional small stones and charcoal fleck inclusions.

1993 2B Cut of small circular posthole located E. of posthole cut [1991] and NE of [1995] and N of [1998]. Cut has very steep sides, a concave base and sharp at the lip breaks of slope. Diameter is 0.38m and depth is 0.24m.

1994 2B Single fill of post hole cut [1995], being dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a sharp/clear interface, a soft/ fairly compact consistency and occasional inclusions of small stones.

1995 2B Cut of circular post hole with single fill (1994), vertical sides, a concave base, and breaks of slope that are sharp at the lip. The dimensions are L - 0.24m x W - 0.24m x D - 0.26m.

1996 2B Upper main fill of post hole cut [1998], is dark brown in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a clear deposit interface at the base but diffuse to 1997,a soft /fairly compact consistency, and occasional small stone and charcoal fleck inclusions.

1997 2B Primary fill of post hole cut [1998], is brownish orange in colour and composed of fine sand. The deposit has a diffuse interface to (1996) 71 but clear to cut edge. The consistency is soft/fairly compact with frequent inclusions of rounded, small stones.

1998 2B Cut of sub-circular post hole with two fills (1996) & (1997), very steep sides, a slightly concave base, and breaks of slope that are sharp at the lip. [1998] is located SE of cuts [1995] and [1993]. The dimensions are L - 0.55m x W - 0.55m x D - 0.24m.

1999 2B Fill of [2001], is dark brown/black in colour and composed of silty sand with dimensions L - 0.60m x W - 0.55m x D - 0.30m. The deposit has an interface which is clear at the base and diffuse at the top, a loose consistency. Inclusions include rounded stones (some fire cracked), charcoal and some rare burnt bone.

2000 2B Stone lining of pit 2001. Three large flat edge-set stones placed in northern half of pit, one pink granite and two red sandstone. Small cobbles were placed around the lip of the pit on the south side. A square flat stone had been placed at the base as a post-pad. The edge- set stones and pad stone lie over the lower pit deposit 2176.

2001 2B Cut of circular stone-lined pit in interior of Structure 6. Near vertical sides and a slightly concave base. L = 0.59m W = 0.54m D = 0.30. Filled by 1999, 2000 and 2176.

2002 2B Fill of cut 2004 which contains large stone 2003. Orange-brown sand containing occasional rounded stones, charcoal and burnt bone. L = 1.35m W = 1m D = 0.24m

2003 2B Large flat pink-red conglomerate stone present in cut 2004. Oval in plan. Has been located within the post-ring of Structure 6, near the entrance. Possibly a hearth setting within a roundhouse. L = 1.1m W = 0.9 D = 0.24.

2004 2B Cut of shallow pit/setting for stone 2003. Oval in plan with shallow sides. L = 1.35m W = 1m D = 0.24

2005 2B Stone-rich spread adjacent to stone 2004. Consists of cobbles, some fire-cracked, within a dark brown sandy matrix containing charcoal and burnt bone. Deposit is set into depression 2048. L = 0.93m W = 0.4 D = 0.1m

2006 2B Fill of posthole 2007. Very dark brown fine sand. td 2011 td 2007 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with very steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.52m D = 0.34m

2008 2B Fill of posthole/pit 2009. Dark orange-brown sand.

2009 2B Cut of posthole/pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.38m D = 0.23m rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L

2010 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a flat base. Dia = 1.3m D = 0.15m

2012 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2013 and 2014. Sub-circular in plan with steep sides and a rounded base. L = 0.6m W = 0.5m D = 0.39m

2013 2B Postpipe in posthole 2012. Dark brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks and frequent small and medium stones.

2014 2B Packing material in posthole 2012. Light brown sandy silt with rounded stones and rare charcoal flecks.

2015 2B Void

2016 2B Cut of NW terminal of enclosure. L-shape in plan with steep sloping sides and an uneven base. Forms N and E arms of enclosure/ structure surrounding possible corn-drying kiln 2017. Filled by 2043, 2044, 2045, 2046. L= 5m W = 0.9m D = 0.36m.

2017 2B Cut of possible corn-drying kiln. Elongated oval shape in plan. Eastern edge has a depth of 0.26m which increases to 0.68m at the deepest. Has steeply sloping sides and an uneven base which slopes down towards the west. Filled by 2089, 2090, 2091, 2092, 2194, 2195, 2196, 2197, 2198. Truncated by 2020. L = 3.1m W = 1.35m D = 0.68m.

2018 2B Void

2019 2B Cut of narrow ditch associated with enclosure/structure formed by 2252 and 2016, Curvilinear in plan. Extends out from ditch 2252 on a NE-SW orientation. Steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Filled by 2350 and 2358.

2020 2B Cut of narrow curvilinear ditch. Truncated possible corn-drying kiln 2017. Curvilinear in plan, widens towards northern end. Filled by 2312 and 2313. L = 4.15m W = 0.13m to 0.7m D = up to 0.4m.

2021 2B Cut of pit. Figure 8 shaped in plan. Steeply sloping sides with a concave base. L = 0.9m W = 0.85m D = 0.2m. Filled by 2022 and 2023. Pit appears to have been used to deposit mould fragments used to cast copper alloy.

2022 2B Upper fill of pit 2021. Mid grey-brown sandy silt and gravel with rare charcoal and abundant pieces of fired clay.

2023 2B Lower fill of pit 2021. Very dark grey-brown sandy silt containing abundant charcoal. Thickness = 0.08m. Present on the east side of pit 2021.

2024 2B Fill of stone-lined pit 2026. Very dark grey-brown silty sand containing abundant charcoal, occasional fire-cracked stones and burnt bone fragments L = 0.39m W = 0.36m D = 0.3m

2025 2B Loose setting of stones around the lip of pit 2026. Stones appear to have been laid in an anti-clockwise direction with stones overlapping. Stones were up to 0.3m x 0.2m x0.03m in size and edge-set with smaller stones used to fill gaps and brace the larger ones. L 72 = 0.59m W = 0.5m D = 0.1 to 0.2m 2026 2B Cut of pit/posthole immediately adjacent to possible hearth setting 2003. Sub-rectangular in plan with vertical sides and a flat base. Filled by 2024 and 2025. L = 0.56m W = 0.44m D = 0.25-0.3m.

2027 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and a flat base. Dia = 1.4m D = 0.21m. Part of a NW-SE aligned pit alignment containing three similar pits.

2028 2B Fill of pit 2027. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with small stone inclusions. Contained SF 315 a small iron nail.

2029 2B Central fill of pit 2031. Very dark brown fine sand. Possible postpipe.

2030 2B Lower fill of pit 2031. Mixed light brown\dark brown fine sand. Possible packing material.

2031 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Filled by 2029 and 2030. Dia = 0.62m D = 0.28m

2032 2B Single fill of pit/posthole 2033. Very dark brown fine sand with small stone inclusions.

2033 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Circular in plan with vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.42m D = 0.26m

2034 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides with a flat base. Dia = 0.38m D = 0.1m. Filled by 2035.

2035 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2035. Mid to dark brown silty sand with 25% rounded stones.

2036 2B Cut of large pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a rounded base. Dia = 1.9m D = 0.65m.

2037 2B Upper fill of large pit 2036. Very dark grey-brown fine sand and gravel with rare charcoal and abundant large pebbles and small stones. This deposit contained numerous clay mould fragments.

2038 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.48m D = 0.22. Filled by 2039. Abuts large pit 2028 but relationship unclear.

2039 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2038. Mid to dark brown sandy silt with frequent rounded stones including SF 318 (rubbing stone). Stones are possible disturbed packing material.

2040 2B Cut of posthole forming part of 4-post structure. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 1.12m W = 1.1m D = 0.34m. Filled by 2049, 2050, 2051, 2052.

2041 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with near vertical sides and a slightly concave base. Dia = 0.6m D = 0.33m. Filled by 2042. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2042 2B Fill of pit 2041. Dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant rounded stones up to 0.2m in size and charcoal flecks. Contained several fragments of clay mould SF 334.

2043 2B Upper fill of NW terminal of ditch 2016 forming rectilinear enclosure/structure. Mid brown sandy silt and gravel.

2044 2B Fill of NW terminal of rectilinear ditch 2044. Light yellow sand. Redeposited natural. Lay over charcoal-rich layer 2046.

2045 2B Lower ash rich fill of rectilinear ditch 2016. Light pink coarse sand. Lay under charcoal layer 2046.

2046 2B Middle charcoal-rich fill of rectilinear 2016. Black silty sand with abundant charcoal.

2047 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2048. Dark brown silty sand with cobbles in the upper part of fill and abundant charcoal flecks. L = 0.42m W = 0.4m D = 0.17m

2048 2B Cut of small pit/posthole adjacent to large stone hearth setting 2003. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Filled by 2048 and 2005 L = 0.42m W = 0.4m D = 0.17m

2049 2B Upper fill of posthole 2040 forming part of 4-post structure. Brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks and large angular stones. L = 1.1m W = 0.45m D 0.1m.

2050 2B Second fill of posthole 2040 forming part of 4-post structure. Light brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks. L = 1m W = 0.17 D = 0.08m.

2051 2B Third fill of posthole 2040 forming part of 4-post structure. Brown sandy silt with rare charcoal Contained a fragment of saddle quern (SF328). D = 0.16m

2052 2B Basal fill of posthole 2040 forming part of 4-post structure. Dark brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks. D = 0.1m

2053 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.64m D = 0.21m. Filled by 2054 and 2055.

2054 2B Upper fill of pit 2053. Dark grey-brown silty sand with occasional medium sized (<0.2m) stone and charcoal flecks. D = 0.06m.

2055 2B Lower fill of pit 2053. Light orange-brown silty sand with occasional small stones. Redeposited natural. D = 0.15m

2056 2B Lower fill of pit 2036. Light orange-brown sandy silt and gravel with abundant small pebbles and rare charcoal. D = 0.25m

2057 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.13m. Filled by 2058. 2058 2B Fill of posthole 2058. Brown-grey slightly silty sand with occasional charcoal flecks and rare small stones. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.13m. 73 2059 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Sub-circular in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L= 0.5m W = 0.45m D = 0.11m

2060 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2059. Brown-grey slightly silty sand with occasional rounded stone and charcoal; flecks. L= 0.5m W = 0.45m D = 0.11m.

2061 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with almost vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.3m. Part of roundhouse post-ring (Structure 7).

2062 2B Fill of posthole 2061. Dark grey-brown fine silty sand with rare small stones and burnt bone fragments. Contained two clay mould fragments SF320. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.3m

2063 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides with a flat base. L = 0.8m W = 0.62m D = 0.24m

2064 2B Fill of pit 2063. Dark grey-brown silty sand with small charcoal patches throughout. Contained two fragment of clay mould. L = 0.8m W = 0.62m D = 0.24m

2065 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.3m

2066 2B Fill of small pit 2065. Dark brown sandy silt with rare charcoal and small pieces of burnt clay. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.3m

2067 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.2m.

2068 2B Fill of posthole 2067. Brown-grey silty sand with occasional small stones and charcoal flecks. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.2m.

2069 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Oval in plan with near vertical sides and a flat base. L = 0.66m W = 0.45m D = 0.27m

2070 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2069. Brown-grey silty sand with occasional stone and charcoal flecks. L = 0.66m W = 0.45m D = 0.27m

2071 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Part of a group of three postholes that represent the corner of a four- td 2011 td post structure that has seen posts moved and replaced. Part of a group of three postholes that also include 2073 and 2075. L = 0.48m W = 0.44m D = 0.26m.

2072 2B Fill of pit 2071. Dark brown silty sand with angular stones. L = 0.48m W = 0.44m D = 0.26m. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2073 2B Cut of large posthole. Irregular oval in plan steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 1.1m W = 1.03m D = 0.51m. Largest of a series of three postholes that represent the corner of a four-post structure that has seen posts moved and replaced.

2074 2B Fill of posthole 2073. Dark brown silty sand with large angular stone. D = 0.51m © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2075 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.8m W = 0.6m D = 0.34m. Western most posthole in a series of three forming the corner of a 4-post structure. Filled by 2076 and 2117.

2076 2B Fill of posthole 2075. Dark brown silty sand with large angular stone inclusions 2117.

2077 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.11m

2078 2B Fill of posthole 2077. Brown-grey silty sand with occasional small stones and charcoal flecks.

2079 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-oval in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L= 0.5m W = 0.36 D = 0.16m

2080 2B Fill of posthole 2079. Brown-grey silty sand with occasional small stones and charcoal flecks.

2081 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with near vertical sides and a slightly concave base. Dia = 0.42m D = 0.24m.

2082 2B Fill of posthole 2081. Brown-grey silty sand with large stones and charcoal flecks.

2083 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.46m W = 0.36m D = 0.08.

2084 2B Fill of posthole 2083. Brown-grey silty sand with rare small stones.

2085 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.3m. Part of roundhouse post-ring Structure 7.

2086 2B Fill of posthole 2085. Dark grey-brown silty sand with small to medium small stones around the lip of the cut.

2087 2B Cut of pit. Sub rectangular in plan with gentle sloping sides and a flat base. L = 1.8m W = 1.1m D = 0.2m.

2088 2B Fill of pit 2087. Mid grey-brown sandy silt with rare charcoal inclusions. Contained 1 sherd of medieval pottery.

2089 2B Upper fill of possible kiln 2017. Brown sandy silt with medium stones and gravel.

2090 2B Middle fill of kiln 2017. Light yellow sand. Redeposited natural.

2091 2B Burnt sand layer in possible drying kiln 2017. Orange sandy silt with occasional gravel. Lay over a thick charcoal layer 2092.

2092 2B Charcoal-rich layer in kiln 2017. Black silty sand and large pieces of charcoal. Thickness = 0.05m

74 2093 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular with gently sloping stepped sides and a concave base. Forms bottom left corner of 4-post structure. Filled by 2094 and 2095. L = 1.2m W = 0.8m D = 0.3m

2094 2B Upper fill of posthole 2093. Brown sandy silt with occasional charcoal inclusions and small piece of possible daub SF327. D = 0.2m

2095 2B Lower fill of posthole 2093. Yellow-brown sandy silt. D = 0.1m

2096 2B Cut of posthole. Sub circular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3 D = 0.3. Part of post-ring forming roundhouse (Structure 7).

2097 2B Fill of posthole 2096. Dark grey-brown sandy silt with medium packing stones present on the NW edge and small charcoal flecks.

2098 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.26m D = 0.06m.

2099 2B Fill of posthole 2098. Reddish grey-brown silty sand with rare small stones.

2100 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.34m W = 0.24m D = 0.1m

2101 2B Fill of posthole 2100. Reddish grey-brown silty sand with rare small stones.

2102 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.34m D = 0.09m.

2103 2B Fill of posthole 2102. Grey-brown silty sand with rare small stones and charcoal flecks.

2104 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.43m D = 0.19m.

2105 2B Fill of posthole 2105. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common charcoal and rare burnt bone.

2106 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a rounded base. L = 1.7m W = 1.5m D = 0.28m

2107 2B Fill of pit 2106. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant small stone and charcoal flecks throughout.

2108 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Filled by 2109, 2120 and 2140. L = 1.06m W = 0.7m D = 0.3m.

2109 2B Upper fill of pit 2108. Dark grey-brown sandy silt with abundant charcoal and frequent pieces of fired clay mould SF 332.

2110 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping sides an a concave base. Dia = 0.33 D = 0.15m. Located within post-ring of Structure 7.

2111 2B Fill of posthole 2110. Dark grey-brown fine silty sand with small stone and charcoal flecks. Stone may be remnants of packing. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2112 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Sub-rectangular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. L = 0.46m W = 0.33m D = 0.3m. Filled by 2113, 2114 and 2121.

2113 2B Upper fill of posthole 2112. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant charcoal and rare small stones and burnt bone. D = 0.1m.

2114 2B Basal fill of posthole 2112. Red-brown silty sand with rare small stones and charcoal flecks. D = 0.2m

2115 2B Small spread of heat-affected sand adjacent to posthole 2112. Light red-pink sand. L = 0.7m W = 0.65m.

2116 2B Stone packing in posthole 2073. Large angular mica rich stone up to 0.3m in size.

2117 2B Stone packing in posthole 2075. Large angular mica rich stone up to 0.3m in size.

2118 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Locate within the post-ring of Structure 7. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.17m.

2119 2B Fill of posthole 2118. Dark grey- brown silty sand with medium sized stones and rare charcoal flecks.

2120 2B Middle fill of pit 2108. Dark orange-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks and frequent fragment of fired clay bronze casting mould SF 329 and 330. Large portion of mould frags were present at the base of the deposit, where it meets the basal fill 2140.

2121 2B Fill of posthole 2112. Light yellow-brown sandy gravel. Present at one side of posthole 2112, possible redeposited natural used as packing material.

2122 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.11m. Part of a small cluster of similar sized pits 2124, 2126, 2128 and 2130.

2123 2B Fill of small pit 2122. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common small stones and very abundant charcoal pieces up to 0.5cm in size.

2124 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.09m. Part of a small cluster of similar sized pits 2122, 2126, 2128 and 2130.

2125 2B Fill of small pit 2124. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common small stones and very abundant charcoal pieces up to 0.5cm in size.

2126 2B Cut of small pit. Sub-circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.5m W = 0.5m D = 0.1m. Part of a small cluster of similar sized pits 2122, 2124, 2128 and 2130. 2127 2B Fill of small pit 2126. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common small stones and very abundant charcoal pieces up to 0.5cm in size. 75 2128 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.08m. Part of a small cluster of similar sized pits 2122, 2124, 2126 and 2130.

2129 2B Fill of small pit 2128. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common small stones and very abundant charcoal pieces up to 0.5cm in size.

2130 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.07m. Part of a small cluster of similar sized pits 2122, 2124, 2126 and 2128.

2131 2B Fill of small pit 2130. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with common small stones and very abundant charcoal pieces up to 0.5cm in size.

2132 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.25m

2133 2B Stone lining in posthole 2132. Sub-angular cobbles placed around the lip of the posthole cut. Stones up to 0.12m in size.

2134 2B Fill of posthole 2132. Dark grey-red-brown silty sand with small fragments of burnt bone and charcoal flecks.

2135 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping stepped sides and a concave base. Forms NW corner of 4-post structure. Filled by 2136, 2137, 2138, 2139. L = 1.12m W = 0.9m D = 0.33m.

2136 2B Upper fill of posthole 2135. Light brown sandy silt with rare charcoal inclusions and frequent large stones (up to 0.3m x 0.15m in size).

2137 2B Fill of posthole 2135. Yellow brown silty sand. Located on the west side of the posthole, D = 0.13m

2138 2B Fill of posthole 2135. Yellow brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. Located on the east side of the posthole, D = 0.1m

2139 2B Basal fill of posthole 2135. Dark brown silty sand with occasional charcoal flecks. D = 0.21m

2140 2B Lower fill of pit 2018. Light orange-brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal inclusions. td 2011 td 2141 2B Possible corn-drying kiln. Same as 2017.

2142 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with fairly steep sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.23m D = 0.08m

2143 2B Fill of posthole 2142. Greyish brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2144 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. L = 0.4m W = 0.3m D = 0.19m.

2145 2B Fill of posthole 2144. Grey-red-brown silty sand with small stones and charcoal flecks. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2146 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with near vertical sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.25m.

2147 2B Fill of posthole 2146. Grey-red-brown silty sand with collapsed stone packing and charcoal flecks.

2148 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and concave base. Dia = 0.45m D = 0.17m

2149 2B Fill of small pit 2148. Dark grey silty sand with small stone inclusions.

2150 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.65m W = 0.28m D = 0.28m

2151 2B Fill of posthole 2151. Light brown grey silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. Possible post-pipe.

2152 2B Fill of posthole 2150. Light red-brown sand with frequent stones. Packing material in posthole.

2153 2B Cut of shallow ditch. Curvilinear in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. L = 4.2m W = 1m D = 0.09m. Form the eastern part of a possible enclosure ditch. Possibly contemporary with linear features 1838 and 1850.

2154 2B Fill of curvilinear 2153. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal inclusions.

2155 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides with a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.16m. Part of roundhouse post-ring Structure 7.

2156 2B Fill of posthole 2155. Dark grey-brown fine silty sand.

2157 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.5m W = 0.25m D = 0.13m.

2158 2B Fill of posthole 2157. Dark grey-brown fine silty sand with common small stone inclusions.

2159 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and a flat base. Dia = 0.34m D = 0.12m.

2160 2B Fill of posthole 2159. Black silty sand with very abundant charcoal. Post-pipe representing burnt in situ post. W = 0.13m

2161 2B Fill of posthole 2159. Grey-brown silty sand with rare small stones. Packing material in posthole.

2162 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.42m W = 0.3m D = 0.14m. One of a pair of postholes that form porch of roundhouse (Structure 7). 76 2163 2B Fill of posthole 2162. Grey-brown silty sand with rare small stones. 2164 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.07m.

2165 2B Fill of posthole 2164. Light brown-grey silty sand with small stones.

2166 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.12m.

2167 2B Fill of posthole 2166. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with small stones and rare charcoal flecks.

2168 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.1m. Form part of the porch of roundhouse (Structure 7).

2169 2B Fill of posthole 2168. Dark grey-brown silty sand with collapsed packing stones and rare charcoal flecks.

2170 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.38m D = 0.16

2171 2B Fill of pit 2170. Light brown silty sand and gravel.

2172 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Adjacent to curvilinear 2153. L = 0.77m W = 0.7m D = 0.23m

2173 2B Fill of pit 2172. Light brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks.

2174 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.5m D = 0.17m

2175 2B Fill of posthole 2174. Mid orange-brown sandy silt with abundant small stones.

2176 2B Redeposited sand at the base and edges of stone lined pit 2001. Brown sand with occasional charcoal flecks. D = 0.1m

2177 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Part of the post-ring for roundhouse (Structure 7). Dia = 0.3m D = 0.1m.

2178 2B Fill of posthole 2177. Dark grey-brown silty sand small to medium packing stone present but displaced rare burnt bone fragments.

2179 2B Cut of pit. Irregular oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Filled by 2180, 2181, 2182, 2183, 2184 and 2185. L = 1.3m W = 0.8m D = 0.36m.

2180 2B Upper fill of pit 2179. Light brown sandy silt. L= 0.38m D = 0.12m.

2181 2B Fill of pit 2179. Black silty sand with small stones and very abundant charcoal. Below 2180, above 2182. L = 1.18m D = 0.31m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2182 2B Fill of pit 2179. Small patch of light yellow-brown silty sand with small stone inclusions. Possible slumped natural. Below 2181, above 2185. L = 0.21m D = 0.11m.

2183 2B Fill of pit 2179. Small patch of light yellow-brown silty sand with small stone inclusions. Possible slumped natural. Below 2181, above 2185. L = 0.16m D = 0.06m.

2184 2B Fill of pit 2179. Small patch of light yellow-brown silty sand with small stone inclusions. Possible slumped natural. Below 2181, above 2185. L = 0.26m D = 0.09m.

2185 2B Primary fill of pit 2179. Light orange silty sand with abundant stones up to 0.1m in size. Redeposited natural. L = 0.84m D = 0.24m

2186 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.5m W = 0.3m D = 0.1m

2187 2B Fill of pit 2186. grey silty sand with rare charcoal inclusions. Contained 4 fragments of fired clay mould SF 340.

2188 2B Cut of stakehole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.1m d = 0.18m.

2189 2B Fill of stakehole 2188. Dark orange-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2190 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and concave base. Forms NW corner of 4-post structure with 2192. L = 1.02m W = 0.53m D = 0.33m.

2191 2B Fill of posthole 2190. Grey-brown silty sand with large angular packing stones .

2192 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with steep sloping sides and flat base. Forms NW corner of 4-post structure with 2190. L = 0.86m W = 0.65m D = 0.30m.

2193 2B Fill of posthole 2192. Grey-brown silty sand with large angular packing stones .

2194 2B Fill of possible corn drying kiln 2017. Brown silty sand with occasional gravel. Redeposited natural. L = 3.1m W 1.35m D = up to 0.3m

2195 2B Fill of possible corn drying kiln 2017. Second, less substantial charcoal rich layer. Black silty sand with very abundant large charcoal fragments. D = 0.05m

2196 2B Basal fill of possible corn drying kiln 2017. Light yellow sand with rare charcoal fragments. Redeposited natural. D = 0.05m

2197 2B Fill of possible corn drying kiln 2017. Light pink coarse sand. Heat affected sand/ash. D = 0.05m 77 2198 2B Fill of possible corn drying kiln 2017. Orange coarse sand. Lies beneath ash layer 2197.D = 0.05m

2199 2B Cut of possible hearth. Sub-circular in plan with steep sides and a flat base. Truncates gully 2201. L = 0.55m W 0.4m D = 0.07m.

2200 2B Fill of possible hearth 2199. Mottled black silty sand and red-brown sand with frequent charcoal inclusions.

2201 2B Cut of small gully. Slightly curvilinear in plan with fairly steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.95m W = 0.2m D = 0.18m.

2202 2B Fill of small gully. Very dark grey-brown silty sand.

2203 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Sub-oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.6m W = 0.4m D = 0.09m.

2204 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2203. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2205 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Sub-oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.55m W = 0.37m D = 0.07m.

2206 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2203. Light grey-brown silty sand.

2207 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with vertical sides and a concave base. L = 0.7m W = 0.62 D = 0.27. Filled by 2208 and 2209.

2208 2B Postpipe in posthole 2207. Dark brown silty sand with abundant charcoal. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.27.

2209 2B Packing material in posthole 2207. Light brown silty sand with rare charcoal inclusions and common large stones. D = 0.26m

2210 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.23m D = 0.09m

2211 2B Fill of small pit 2210. Light brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2212 2B Cut of small pit. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.2m D = 0.06

td 2011 td 2213 2B Fill of small pit. Light brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2214 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.64m W = 0.3m D = 0.4m.

2215 2B Fill of pit 2214. Dark orange-brown silty sand with abundant stones, rare charcoal and 4 fragments of a clay mould (SF341) rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2216 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.35m D = 0.2m

2217 2B Fill of posthole 2216. Dark grey brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2218 2B Sub rectangular spread of sub angular/rounded stones set into natural with patches of charcoal above and beneath. L = 0.84m W = 0.82 D = 0.12. No cut present.

2219 2B Fill of posthole 2220. Brown sand with charcoal flecks.

2220 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.22m W = 0.17 D = 0.16m

2221 2B Fill of posthole 2222. Orange-brown sand.

2222 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.22m D = 0.09m

2223 2B Fill of posthole 2224. Orange-brown sand with frequent small pebbles.

2224 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.29m D = 0.19m

2225 2B Fill of posthole 2226. Brown sand with rare small pebbles.

2226 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.26m W = 0.21m D = 0.18m

2227 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with very shallow sloping sides and a flat base. L = 1m W = 0.8m D = 0.08m

2228 2B Fill of pit 2227. Mid brown silty sand with small stones and rare flecks of charcoal.

2229 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and concave base. L = 0.85m W = 0.75m D = 0.2m.

2230 2B Fill of pit 2229. Dark brown silty sand with small stones and large charcoal patches.

2231 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with very steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.17m

2232 2B Fill of pit 2231. Dark grey silty sand with small stones.

2233 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2234. Brown sand with possible collapsed packing stones.

2234 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Sub-circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.36m D = 0.09m

2235 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.5m D = 0.1m. 78 2236 2B Fill of posthole 2235. Mid brown silty sand with small stones. 2237 2B Fill of posthole 2238. Orange brown sand with small charcoal flecks.

2238 2B Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.22 D = 0.07m

2239 2B Fill of posthole 2240. Dark orange-brown silty sand with rounded stones up to 0.1m in size and rare charcoal flecks. One large packing stone present on the east edge.

2240 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.4m W = 0.3m D = 0.28m.

2241 2B Tree bowl. Burnt out. Irregular shape in plan with steep uneven sides and an uneven base. Filled with a very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant charcoal. L = 0.7m W = 0.65m D = 0.13m.

2242 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.44m W = 0.4m D = 0.2m

2243 2B Fill of pit 2242. Dark brown silty sand with abundant charcoal.

2244 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2245. Dark brown silty sand with frequent rounded stones and rare charcoal flecks.

2245 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Oval in plan with vertical sides and a flat base. L = 0.5m W = 0.3m D = 0.16m.

2246 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a flat base. Dia = 0.4m D = 0.07m

2247 2B Fill of posthole 2246. Dark grey brown silty sand with medium sized stone inclusions.

2248 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.35m D = 0.2m.

2249 2B Fill of pit 2248. Grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2250 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steep sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.52m W = 0.3m D = 0.05m

2251 2B Fill of pit 2250. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2252 2B Cut of ditch. Curvilinear in plan with steeply sloping sides an un uneven base. Forms the southern arm of possible structure/enclosure with 2016. L = 3.5m W = 0.6m D = 0.26m. Filled by 2328, 2329 and 2330.

2253 2B Void

2254 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Part of 4/6 post structure. Dia = 0.55m D = 0.16m. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2255 2B Fill of pit 2254. Mid grey-brown silty sand and gravel with abundant stones and charcoal. Contains 2 pieces of coarseware pottery and 2 fragments of clay mould (SF343a and 343b)

2256 2B Cut of pit. Irregular oval in plan with near vertical sides and a flat base. L = 0.9m W =0.85m D = 0.43m.

2257 2B Fill of pit 2256. Mid brown sandy silt with small to large stones up to 0.28m in size.

2258 2B Fill of posthole 2259. Dark brown silty sand with occasional rounded stones and charcoal flecks.

2259 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-circular in plan with near vertical sides and a slightly concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.14m.

2260 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-rectangular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L= 0.38m W = 0.27m D = 0.15m.

2261 2B Fill of posthole 2260. Dark-grey-brown silty sand with occasional mediums sized stones.

2262 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with moderately steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.42m D = 0.15m.

2263 2B Fill of pit 2262. Light brown silty sandy with small to medium stones and charcoal flecks.

2264 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with very shallow sides and a flat base. L = 0.69m W = 0.37m D = 0.11m.

2265 2B Fill of pit 2264. Light brown silty sandy with small to medium stones.

2266 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.35m W = 0.2m D = 0.27m

2267 2B Fill of posthole 2266. Mottled dark red-brown/black silty sand with abundant charcoal.

2268 2B Cut of narrow gully. Linear in plan with steep uneven sides and a v-shaped base. L = 3.1m W = 0.38m D = 0.3m.

2269 2B Fill of gully 2268. Light grey-brown slightly silty sand with small stones

2270 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. L = 0.68m W = 0.5m D = 0.1m

2271 2B Fill of pit 2270. Very dark grey-brown/black silty sand with occasional charcoal pieces.

2272 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steep sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.52m W = 0.32m D = 0.4m 2273 2B Fill of pit 2272. Mid orange-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. 79 2274 2B Cut of posthole/pit. Circular in plan with steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.24m D = 0.14m.

2275 2B Fill of posthole/pit 2274. Mid grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2276 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.56m W = 0.4m D = 0.13m

2277 2B Fill of pit 2276. Mid grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. Natural on the east side is heat-affected.

2278 2B Cut of pit. Sub-rounded in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.7m D = 0.3m

2279 2B Fill of pit 2278. Dark red-brown silty sand.

2280 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. L = 0.56m W = 0.34m D = 0.38m.

2281 2B Fill of pit 2281. Light brown sandy silt with rare charcoal.

2282 2B Upper fill of pit 2284. Very dark grey brown fine sand with moderate small stones.

2283 2B Fill of pit 2284. Dark brown fine sand with occasional small stones. Contained 1 sherd of prehistoric pottery SF344.

2284 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with very steeply sloping sides and a slightly concave base. Dia = 0.6m D = 0.24m`

2285 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a slightly concave base. Dia = 0.48m D = 0.12m.

2286 2B Fill of pit 2285. Medium brown silty sand with small to medium sized stones.

2287 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. Dia = 0.6m D = 0.2m

2288 2B Fill of pit 2287. Dark grey-brown silty sand with small-large stones, occasional charcoal and burnt hazelnut shell. td 2011 td 2289 2B Cut of large pit. Oval in plan with shallow sloping sides and a flat base. Filled by 2290 and 2297. L = 1.7m W = 1.3m D = 0.27m.

2290 2B Upper fill of pit 2289. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant charcoal pieces up to 1cm and small stones. D = 0.2m

2291 2B Fill of posthole 2292. Dark brown sand with occasional small rounded stones and charcoal flecks. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2292 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.28m D = 0.1m.

2293 2B Fill of posthole 2294. Dark brown silty sand. Contained possible cobble tool SF345. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2294 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.22m W = 0.22m D = 0.05m

2295 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2296. Dark brown silty sand with occasional charcoal flecks and burnt bone fragments.

2296 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Sub-circular in plan with vertical sides and a concave base. L = 0.46m W = 0.36m D = 0.29m

2297 2B Lower fill of pit 2289. Very light grey-brown silty sand. Possible ashy deposit. D = 0.07m.

2298 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steely sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.29m

2299 2B Fill of pit 2298. Mid grey-brown sandy silt with abundant charcoal.

2300 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.35m D = 0.2m

2301 2B Fill of pit 2300. Dark red-brown silty sand with abundant charcoal.

2302 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.48m W = 0.36m D = 0.13m

2303 2B Fill of pit 2302. Light brown silty sand with abundant small stones and gravel.

2304 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.97m W = 0.55m D = 0.18m.

2305 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.98m W = 0.75m D = 0.35m

2306 2B Fill of pit 2307. Dark brown fine sand with frequent large sub-angular and rounded stones up to 0.25 x 0.25 x 0.2m

2307 2B Cut of pit. Sub rectangular in plan with very steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 1.17m W = 0.78m D = 0.3m

2308 2B Fill of pit 2309. Mid brown fine sand with occasional small-large stone.

2309 2B Cut of pit. Figure 8 shaped in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. L = 0.95m W = 0.46m D = 0.1m.

2310 2B Fill of pit 2304, Brown sandy silt with rare charcoal flecks and burnt bone.

2311 2B Fill of pit 2305. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2312 2B Upper fill of curvilinear 2020. Dark brown sandy silt and gravel with rare charcoal pieces and medium sized sub-rounded stones.

80 2313 2B Second fill of possible channel 2020. Orange silty sand and gravel. Possible redeposited natural. Lies beneath 2312. D = 0.12m

2314 2B Same as 2199.

2315 2B Fill of posthole 2316. Dark brown silty sand with large rounded stones. Previously excavated during 2008 evaluation (c098).

2316 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.44m D = 0.2m. Same as c098 excavated during 2008 evaluation.

2317 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.2m

2318 2B Fill of posthole 2317. Dark grey-brown silty sand with medium sized rounded stone likely to be displaced packing stones.

2319 2B Upper fill of pit 2321. Very dark brown sand with frequent sub angular and sub rounded stones.

2320 2B Second fill of pit 2321. Dark yellow brown fine sand with occasional small stones. Contained 38 fragments of clay mould.

2321 2B Cut of large pit. Oval in plan with very steep sides and a flat base. Aligned NE-SW. Filled by 2319, 2320, 2351, 2372, 2373, 2374, 2375. L = 2.7m W = 1.5m D = 0.6m

2322 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. One of three postholes to the immediate east of large 4 post structure. Dia = 0.5m D = 0.15m.

2323 2B Cut of posthole. Sub-oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. L = 1.1m W = 0.86m D = 0.29m. Forms NE corner of 4 post structure. One of two postholes in this corner.

2324 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. Dia = 0.63m D = 0.25m. Forms NE corner of 4 post structure along with 2323.

2325 2B Fill of posthole 2324. Dark grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks and medium size stones up to 0.1 x 0.1m. Possible post pipe.

2326 2B Fill of posthole 2323. Dark brown silty sand with frequent stones and rare charcoal.

2327 2B Fill of posthole 2327. Light brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2328 2B Upper fill of curvilinear ditch 2252. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal inclusions

2329 2B Second fill of curvilinear feature 2252. Light yellow sand with rare charcoal flecks. Redeposited natural layer.

2330 2B Lower fill of curvilinear feature 2252. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2331 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with moderately steep sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.34m D = 0.13m.

2332 2B Fill of pit 2331. Mid grey silty sand with small stones.

2333 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.43m D = 0.13m

2334 2B Fill of pit 2333. Mid grey-brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal.

2335 2B Fill of posthole 2336. Mid brown sand with occasional rounded stone.

2336 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with vertical sides and concave base. L = 0.26m W = 0.22m D = 0.11m

2337 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steep sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.12m.

2338 2B Fill of posthole 2337. Dark brown silty sand.

2339 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.27m D = 0.1m

2340 2B Fill of pit 2339. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal.

2341 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.27m D = 0.2m

2342 2B Fill of pit 2341. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal.

2343 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.3m D = 0.07m

2344 2B Fill of pit 2343. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal.

2345 2B Secondary fill of posthole 2304. Light yellow-brown silty sand. Possible packing material.

2346 2B Secondary fill of posthole 2322. Light yellow-brown silty sand. Possible packing material.

2347 2B Fill of pit 2348. Dark brown silty sand with occasional rounded stone and charcoal flecks.

2348 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. L = 0.55m W = 0.4m D = 0.17m

2349 2B Secondary fill of posthole 2304. Dark brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks. D = 0.25m

2350 2B Upper fill of ditch 2019. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal pieces. D = 0.2m 81

2351 2B Main fill of pit 2321. Mottled dark brown/black sand with frequent angular fire-cracked stones and occasional charcoal pieces. D = 0.15m

2352 2B Fill of pit 2353. Dark brown sand with rounded stones near the base.

2353 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. L = 1.05m W = 0.35m D = 0.22m

2354 2B Fill of posthole 2355. Dark brown silty sand with rounded pebbles and abundant charcoal and burnt bone.

2355 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 0.28m W = 0.25m D = 0.15m

2356 2B Cut of posthole at N terminal of ditch 2252. Irregular shaped in plan with steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. L = 0.7m W = 0.5m D = 0.2m

2357 2B Fill of posthole 2356. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal.

2358 2B Basal layer of ditch 2019. Light brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal.

2359 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.4m D 0.2m

2360 2B Fill of pit 2359. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant heat-fractured stones and charcoal.

2361 2B Cut of pit. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a concave base. L = 1.2m W = 1.04m D = 0.29m

2362 2B Fill of pit 2361. Very dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant heat-fractured stones and charcoal. Heat affected natural is present at the edges of the pit.

2363 2B Void

2364 2B Void td 2011 td 2365 2B Cut of gully. Curvilinear in plan with gently sloping sides with a concave base. L = 1.3m W = 0.3m D = 0.1m

2366 2B Cut of small gully. Linear in plan with gently sloping sides with a concave base. May be related to gully 2365. L = 0.5m W = 0.2m D = 0.11m rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2367 2B Cut of small curvilinear. Curvilinear in plan steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. L = 1.4m W = 0.2m D = 0.15m.

2368 2B Fill of curvilinear 2367. Dark brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal and burnt grain. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2369 2B Cut of pit. Irregular shape in plan with very steep sides and a flat base. L = 0.7m W 0.66m D = 0.19m.

2370 2B Fill of pit 2369. Light grey-brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal.

2371 2B Deposit of old topsoil/ground surface beneath modern topsoil.. Orange-brown silty sand with rare charcoal. Pit 2359 is cut into this deposit. D = 0.25m

2372 2B Fill of pit 2321. Mottled yellow-brown fine sand with occasional small stones Slumping.

2373 2B Fill of pit 2321. Mottled dark brown fine sand with occasional small stones. Lay between two layer of slumping 2372 above and 2374 below. D = 0.05m.

2374 2B Fill of pit 2321. Light yellow-brown fine sand. Possible slumped natural. D = 0.1-0.15m.

2375 2B Basal fill of pit 2321. Mid grey-brown fine sand. D = 0.05m

2376 2B Fill of pit 2369. Light grey-brown silty sand and gravel with rare charcoal.

2377 2B Fill of curvilinear 2370. Light grey-brown silty sand and gravel.

2378 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with steep sides and a concave base. L =0.39m W = 0.38m D = 0.14m.

2379 2B Cit of pit. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. Filled by 2382 and 2383. Dia = 0.75m D = 0.22m

2380 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. Dia = 0.58m D = 0.15m

2381 2B Fill of pit 2380. Dark grey-brown silty sand with occasional small stones and abundant charcoal.

2382 2B Upper fill of pit 2379. Light grey silty sand with occasional charcoal. D = 0.12m

2383 2B Lower fill of pit 2379. Dark grey-brown silty sand with abundant charcoal lenses.

2384 2B Fill of posthole 2378. Grey-brown silty sand with rare charcoal flecks.

2385 2B Fill of posthole 2378. Light brown silty sand. Packing material in posthole.

2386 2B Fill of pit/posthole 2387. Dark brown sand with rare rounded stones and charcoal flecks.

82 2387 2B Cut of pit/posthole. Circular in plan with moderately sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.7m D = 0.22m

2388 2B Cut of posthole. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and an almost flat base. Dia = 0.5m D = 0.2m. Cuts 2365.

2389 2B Fill of posthole 2388. Dark grey-brown silty sand with displaced packing stones and rare flecks of charcoal.

2390 2B Cut of posthole. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a concave base. Filled by 2391 and 2392. L = 0.42m W = 0.3m D = 0.2m

2391 2B Fill of posthole 2390. Grey silty sand with abundant charcoal.

2392 2B Fill of posthole 2390. Yellow-grey silty sand. Packing material.

2393 2B Fill of pit 2394. Light brown sand with small rounded stones and charcoal flecks.

2394 2B Cut of pit. Sub-circular in plan with vertical sides and a flat base. L = 0.73m W = 0.7m D = 0.3m

2395 2B Fill of pit 2396. Mottled dark and light brown sand with rounded stones towards the centre and occasional charcoal and burnt hazelnut shells.

2396 2B Cut of pit. Circular in plan with shallow sloping sides and a concave base. Dia = 0.5m D = 0.1m

2397 2B Cut of corn-drying kiln. Keyhole-shaped in plan with steeply sloping sides at the northern end and shallow sloping sides at the south. The base is flat at the northern end and slightly concave to the south. Filled by 2398 to 2413. L = 3.2m W = 1.3m D = 0.48m.

2398 2B Uppermost fill of kiln 2379. Mid grey-brown silty sand with small to medium sized stone and flecks of charcoal throughout. Present across whole feature. D = 0.35m.

2399 2B Upper fill of kiln 2397. Light orange-brown silty sand. Only present at the north end of the kiln. Above 2400 and below 2398. D = 0.08m.

2400 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Light yellow-brown sand. Thin lens of redeposited natural above 2401 and below 2399. L = 0.45m D = 0.03m.

2401 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Mid grey-brown silty sand. Present in the upper north end of kiln Thin lens of material above 2402 and below 2400. L = 0.25m D = 0.03m.

2402 2B Middle burnt fill of kiln 2397. Very dark grey/black silty sand with very abundant (75%) charcoal. Extends across 1.5m of the kiln and was 0.17m deep. Below 2398 and above 2405.

2403 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Pale pink-orange dense sandy silt with small stones and charcoal flecks. Ash layer. Situated in the centre of the kiln. Beneath 2403. Extends across 1.1m and is up to 0.05m deep Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2404 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Above 2405. measure 0.38m in length, 0.02m in depth. Pale pink-orange compact sandy clay with a moderate to clear interface. Firm and elastic consistency with inclusions of small stones and charcoal flecks. Situated between charcoal layer 2402 and possibly part of the same burning episode.

2405 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Above 2406. Below 2402. Measures 1.60m in length, 0.25m max in depth. Light beige to yellow loose sandy silt with a moderate to clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small stones and charcoal flecks. Deposit lines the northern side of the feature and continues across for approx 1.6m.

2406 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Above 2407. Below 2405. Measures 1.32m in length, 0.04m max in depth. Light pink to orange silty clay with a moderate to clear interface. Moderately firm to elastic consistency with inclusions of small stones and charcoal flecks. Possibly part of burning episode 2402.

2407 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Above 2408. Below 2406. Measures 1m in length, 0.03m max in depth. Black silty clay with a moderate to clear interface. Moderately loose consistency with inclusions of >75% charcoal. Likely an early burning episode in the kiln.

2408 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Above 2397. Below 2407. Measures 1m in length, 0.07m max in depth. Light brown to yellow silty sand with a moderate to clear interface. Moderately loose consistency with inclusions of small stones. Possibly an original lining in the kiln, such as turf.

2409 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Measures 1.32m in length, 0.04m max in depth. Light beige to yellow silty sand with a clear interface. Loose consistency with no inclusions. Likely redeposited natural and situated in the central eastern side of the kiln within upper fill 2398.

2410 2B 2410 is the group number given to contexts 2057, 2058, 2363, 2364, 2059, 2060, 2388, 2389. They represent postholes excavated in one line. The two larger ones positioned at each end with one smaller positioned within the line adjacent to each larger one. A possible linear feature runs between each smaller posthole. Two spurs then travel SE and SW from each larger posthole.

2411 2B Fill of pit 2412. Measures 1.32m in length, 0.04m max in depth. Dark greyish brown to black sand with a clear interface. Compact and soft consistency with inclusions of small rounded stones and charcoal flecks. Located 4m NE of pit 2312.

2412 2B Cut of shallow pit or floor area. Filled by 2411.Cut into the natural. Measures 2.15m E-W 1.80m N-S, 0.12m max in depth. Very gradual sloping sides, very gradual break of slope and with an uneven base.

2413 2B Fill of kiln 2397. Measures 0.3m in length depth not noted. Mid grey to brown silty sand with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small stones. Only visible in south facing section. Possibly a lining to cover over burning episode 2407.

2414 2B Fill of cut 2415. Measures 0.66m in length, 0.35m in width and with a max depth of 0.07m. Mid brown sand with an abrupt interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small stones and charcoal flecks. Evidence of bioturbation and burrowing. Adjacent to pits with signs of cooking. 83 2415 2B Shallow rectangular pit of uncertain function. Filled by 2414. Measures 0.66m x 0.35m and 0.07m max in depth. Gradual sloping sides, gradual break of slope and with an uneven flat base.

2416 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2417, 2418, 2419, 2422, 2423. Cut into the natural. Measures 0.69m x 0.84m, 0.39m max in depth. Steep sides, gradual break of slope and a rounded base. Located at SE extent of 2B. 2416 cuts an area of heat affected sand, possibly a large pit cut 2423.

2417 2B Fill of pit 2416.Above 2419. Measures 0.60m x 0.33m, 0.18m max in depth. Dark black sandy silt. Loose consistency with abundant charcoal.

2418 2B Fill of pit 2416. Above 2419. Measures 0.30m x 0.60m, 0.28m max in depth. Dark black sandy silt. Loose consistency with abundant charcoal.

2419 2B Primary fill of pit 2416. Below 2417, 2418, 2422. Measures 0.44m x 0.60m, 0.38m max in depth. Dark greyish black sandy silt. Loose consistency with abundant charcoal.

2420 2B heat affected sand fill of pit 2423. Measures 1.20m in length, width not noted, 0.38m max in depth. Light orange sand. Loose consistency with diffuse interface and abundant charcoal.

2421 2B Charcoally fill of pit 2423. Measures 0.7m in length, width not noted, 0.20m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt. Loose consistency with diffuse interface and abundant charcoal.

2422 2B Charcoally fill of pit 2423. Above 2419. Measures 0.6m in length, 0.87m in width, 0.30m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sandy silt. Loose consistency with diffuse interface and abundant charcoal.

2423 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2421, 2420. Cut by pit 2416. Cut into the natural. Measures1.90m in length, width not noted, 0.63m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base. Not defined at NW extent.

2424 2B Heat affected sand fill of possible kiln or storage pit 2437. Measures 1.5m in length,1.3m in width and 0.25 - 0.30m in depth. Red orange td 2011 td sand with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and small rounded stone.

2425 2B Fill of posthole 2426. Measures 0.26m in length, 0.24m in width and 0.10m max depth. Greyish brown sand with a clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and small rounded stone.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2426 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2425. Cuts 2458l. Measures 0.26m in length,0.24m in width, 0.10m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2427 2B Fill of pit 2430.Above fill 2428. Measurements not noted. Orange sand with a diffuse interface. Compact consistency with inclusions of small stone. Possibly heat affected.

2428 2B Fill of pit 2430. Above 2429. Below 2427. Measurements not noted. Greyish brown sand with a diffuse interface. Soft and compact consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and small rounded stone. Interface between upper orange sand 2427 and lower orange sand 2429.

2429 2B Heat affected fill at the base of pit 2430. Below 2428. Measurements not noted. Orange sand with a diffuse interface. Soft fairly compact consistency with occasional inclusions of stone.

2430 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2429, 2428, 2427. Cut into the natural. Measures 1.70m Ns x 1.50m E-W and 0.62m deep. Cut is oval in plan, fairly steep sides, sharp break of slope and with a concave base.

2431 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2432. Measures 0.3m in length, 0.3m in width, 0.24?m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2432 2B Fill of pit 2431. Measures 0.3m in length, 0.3m in width, 0.24?m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2433 2B Fill of gully 2365 Cut by 2388. Measures 1.3m in length, 0.3m in width and 0.10m max depth. Dark greyish brown silty sand with a smooth interface. Soft consistency with inclusions of small stone.

2434 2B Fill of linear feature 2366. Measures 0.5m in length, 0.2m in width and 0.1m max depth. Dark greyish brown silty sand with a smooth interface. Soft consistency with inclusions of small stone.

2435 2B Upper fill of possible kiln 2437. Above 2424 and 2458. Measurements not noted. Greyish brown sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small rounded stone.

2436 2B Primary fill of possible kiln 2437. Below 2424. Measures an uncertain length, 0.7m in width and 0.2m max depth. Dark brown sand with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small rounded stone and abundant charcoal. Deposit runs down the western side of 2437 near the center and beneath reddened sand 2424.Associated with burning.

2437 2B Cut of possible kiln, storage pit or subterranean feature within a structure. Filled by 2458, 2459, 2424, 2436, 2435. Measures 3.90m in length, 1.9m in width, 0.72m max in depth. Cut is irregular keyhole shaped in plan, side varying from gentle to vertical, gradual break of slope and with an uneven base. Near the NE is a small circular cut which may have held a post (0.19m diameter, 0.14m deep). There may also have been a posthole at the SW end. Shallow depression on the eastern edge which had a seat like character. 84 2438 3 Cut of palisaded enclosure. Filled by 2439. Cut into the natural. Measures 13.70m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.30m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a u-shaped rounded base. Located at SE extent of area 3.

2439 3 Fill of palisaded enclosure 2438. Measures 13.70m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.30m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and small rounded stone.

2440 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2441. Measures 1.9m in length, 0.7m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Cut is a sub circular square in plan, gently sloping sides, imperceptible break of slope and with a rounded uneven base.

2441 3 Stony fill of pit 2440. Measures 1.9m in length, 0.7m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Greyish black sandy gravelly stony silt with a clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2442 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2443. Measures 0.9m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.25m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, gently sloping sides, imperceptible break of slope and with a rounded base.

2443 3 Stony fill of pit 2442. Measures 0.9m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.25m max in depth Greyish black stony sandy silt with a clear interface. Loose consistency with occasional inclusions of charcoal.

2444 3 Cut of slot within western arm of palisade feature. Filled by 2445. Measures 1m in length, 1.7m in width, 0.34m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, steep sides, even break of slope and with a rounded base.

2445 3 Fill of slot 2444. Measures 1m in length, 1.7m in width, 0.34m max in depth. Dark greyish black silty sand with a clear interface. Moderately firm consistency with occasional inclusions of charcoal, animal bone, stones less than 0.3m. Stones possibly represent building debris.

2446 3 Cut of slot within eastern arm of palisade feature. Filled by 2447. Measures 1m in length, 0.68m in width, 0.35m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, steep sides, even break of slope and with a rounded base. Possible foundation lining or building material in the sides of the feature.

2447 3 Fill of slot 2446. Measures 1m in length, 0.68m in width, 0.35m max in depth. Dark greyish black silty sand with a clear interface. Moderately firm consistency with occasional inclusions of charcoal, animal bone, stones less than 0.3m. Stones possibly represent building debris. Fill is likely the same as other slots in the feature or backfilled at the same time.

2448 3 Cut of palisaded enclosure. Filled by 2447. Cut into the natural.0.8m in width, 0.50m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, vertical sides, gradual break of slope and with a u-shaped rounded base. Located at W extent of area 3.

2449 3 Fill of 2448. Dark greyish black silty sand with a clear interface. Moderately firm consistency with occasional inclusions of charcoal, animal bone, stones less than 0.3m Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2450 3 Cut of slot within western arm of palisade feature. Filled by 2451. Measures 1m in length, 0.68m in width, 0.35m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, steep sides, even break of slope and with a rounded base.

2451 3 Fill of 2450. Dark greyish black silty sand with a clear interface. Moderately firm consistency with occasional inclusions of charcoal, animal bone, stones less than 0.3m

2452 3 Cut of slot (A) within palisade feature. Filled by 2453. Measures 13.70m in length, 0.80m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a u shaped rounded base.

2453 3 Fill of slot 2452. Measures 13.70m in length, 0.80m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Dark brownish grey sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2454 3 Cut of slot (most northerly) within palisade feature, at the eastern end. Filled by 2455. Cuts the natural. Measures 10m in length, 0.62m in width, 0.29m max in depth. Cut has steep sides, steep break of slope and with an uneven base.

2455 3 Fill of slot 2454. Measures 10m in length, 0.62m in width, 0.29m max in depth. Dark brownish black loamy sand and gravel with a gradual interface. Loose consistency with abundant inclusions of gravel, stones, rare daub and charcoal.

2456 3 Cut of slot (through the western ditch) within palisade feature. Filled by 2457. Cuts the natural. Measures 1m in length, 0.7m in width, 0.17m max in depth. Cut has gently sloping sides, gradual break of slope and with an uneven base. Cut appears shallow compared to other slots through the palisade.

2457 3 Fill of slot 2456. Measures 1m in length, 0.7m in width, 0.17m max in depth. Dark blackish brown loamy sand with a gradual interface. Loose consistency with abundant inclusions of gravel, stones.

2458 2B Fill of 2437. Below 2424, 2459. Measures 3.9m in length, 1.90m in width and 0.20 - 0.40m max depth. Orange sand with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and rounded stone. Evidence of bioturbation.

2459 2B Upper fill of 2437. Below 2435. Measures 1.35m in length, 0.5m in width and 0.25 - 0.20m max depth. Greyish brown sand with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal flecks and occasional rounded stone. Evidence of bioturbation and burrowing.

2460 3 Cut of slot at end of palisade feature. Filled by 2461. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.90m in length, 0.40m in width, 012m max in depth. Cut has gradual sloping sides, gentle break of slope and with an uneven base. Cut appears shallow compared to other slots through the palisade.

2461 3 Fill of slot 2460. Measures 0.90m in length, 0.40m in width, 012m max in depth Dark brownish black loamy sand and gravel with a gradual interface. Loose consistency with abundant inclusions of gravel, stones. Not sampled. 85 2462 3 Void

2463 3 Void

2464 3 Cut of large pit. Filled by 2465, 2466, 2470. Cut into the natural. Measures 4.10m in length,4.65m in width, 1.3m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base. Exceptionally large compared to similar pits in the area.

2465 3 Fill of pit 2464. Below 2489. Measures 4.10m in length,4.65m in width, 0.10m max in depth. Dark greyish black sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant charcoal flecks, slag and animal bone.

2466 3 Fill of pit 2464. Below 2465. Above 2490. Measures 1.7m in length, 0.10m in width, 0.50m max in depth. Light brownish orange sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant shell.

2467 3 Charcoal rich fill of 2468. Above 2468. Measures 0.30m in length, 0.25m in width, 0.11m max in depth. Black sandy silt with a clear interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of abundant charcoal flecks and stone. Possibly the fill of a truncated posthole.

2468 3 Cut of possible posthole. Filled by 2467. Measurements not noted. Cut is round in plan, gradual sides, gradual break of slope and with an uneven base. Noted as not very convincing.

2469 3 Cut of linear stone filled ditch feature. Filled by 2476. Cut into the natural. Measures 4m in length, 0.75m in width, 0.28m max in depth. Cut is linear in plan, gradual sides, gradual break of slope and with an uneven base. Located at west of palisaded enclosure 2454.

2470 3 Fill of 2464. Above 2491. Measures 1.60m in length, 0.40m in width, 0.40m max in depth. Mid greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of abundant pebbles. Smaller pebbles than in 2490. Possible evidence of tip lines when viewed later in section.

2471 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2472, 2488. Measures 0.9m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.60m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep near vertical sides, gradual break of slope and with a base that slopes to the west. Part of a group of pits to the west of the palisaded enclosure. td 2011 td 2472 3 Upper fill of pit 2471. Measures 1.05m in length, 0.8m in width, 0.42m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt with an abrupt interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of large rounded stones, small pebbles and charcoal.

2473 3 Fill of pit or posthole 2474. Measures 0.5m in length, 0.5m in width, 0.26m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt with an abrupt interface.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L Friable consistency with inclusions of small rounded stones and charcoal. Evidence of roots and disturbance.

2474 3 Cut of posthole or pit. Filled by 2473. Measures 0.5m in length, 0.5m in width, 0.26m max in depth. Cut is round in plan, steep near vertical sides, gentle break of slope and with a round base. Adjacent to pit 2478. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2475 Void

2476 3 Slot through fill of pit 2479. Measures 4m in length, 0.75m in width, 0.28m max in depth. Grey loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of large rounded stones and rare charcoal.

2477 3 Fill of pit 2478. Measures 1.12m in length, 0.90m in width, 0.45m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt with a diffuse interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of small to large rounded stones and charcoal. Stones appear to be a dumped deposit and form no structural arrangement.

2478 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2477. Measures 1.12m in length, 0.90m in width, 0.65m max in depth Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a flat base. Adjacent to pit 2474.

2479 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2480. Cuts 2464, 2489 Measures 0.55m in length, 0.45m in width, 0.20m max in depth Cut is circular in plan, gently sloping sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base. Located to the south of pit 2464.

2480 3 Fill of pit 2480. Measures 0.55m in length, 0.45m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Dark greyish black sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant stones and rare charcoal..

2481 3 Cut of very large pit. Filled by 2513 - 2530. Cuts the natural. Measures 2.05m in length, 1.75m in width, 1.20m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, near vertical sides, near vertical break of slope and with a flat base. Located to the west of the palisade. All of the 15 layers within the pit were roughly 0.08-0.12m thick. Several ledges within the pit may have been used to get in and out of it.

2482 3 Cut of posthole. Filled by 2483. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.5m in length, 0.5m in width, 0.32m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, sharp break of slope and with a rounded base.

2483 3 Fill of posthole 2482. Measures 0.5m in length, 0.5m in width, 0.32m max in depth. Greyish black sandy gravelly silt with a clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2484 3 Cut of posthole. Filled by 2485. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.35m in length, 0.4m in width, 0.22m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, sharp break of slope and with a rounded base.

2485 3 Fill of posthole 2484. Measures 0.35m in length, 0.4m in width, 0.22m max in depth. Greyish black sandy gravelly silt with a clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2486 3 Cut of posthole. Filled by 2487. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.45m in length, 0.35m in width, 0.16m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, sharp break of slope and with a rounded base.

86 2487 3 Fill of posthole 2486. Measures 0.45m in length, 0.35m in width, 0.16m max in depth. Greyish black sandy gravelly silt with a clear interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2488 3 Lower fill of pit 2471. Below 2472. Measures 0.8m in length, 0.5m in width, 0.18m max in depth. Dark brown with patches of pale brown sandy silt with a diffuse interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of rounded stones and charcoal.

2489 3 Upper fill of pit 2464. Above 2465. Measures 4.10m in length, 4.65m in width, 0.10m max in depth. Greyish black sandy silt and charcoal with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant stones and rare charcoal.

2490 3 Fill of pit 2464. Above 2470. Below 2466. Measures 2.10m in length, 0.50m in width, 0.55m max in depth. Light Greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant stones.

2491 3 Lower fill of pit 2464. Above 2464. Below 2470. Measures 0.50m in length, 0.08m in width, 0.65m max in depth. Reddish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant stones. Appears to be slumping of natural and only visible at the southern extent of the section.

2492 3 No description or interpretation entered. Filled by 2493. Measures 0.55m in length, 0.48m in width, 0.36m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, break of slope not noted and with a rounded base.

2493 3 Fill of 2492. Measures 0.55m in length, 0.48m in width, 0.36m max in depth. Dark grey sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of gravel and charcoal.

2494 3 No description or interpretation entered. Filled by 2495. Measures 0.83m in length, 0.70m in width, 0.24m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2495 3 Fill of 2494. Measures 0.83m in length, 0.70m in width, 0.24m max in depth. Dark grey sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal.

2496 3 No description or interpretation entered. Filled by 2497. Measures 0.29?m in length, 0.25m in width, 0.09m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2497 3 Fill of 2496. Measures 0.29?m in length, 0.25m in width, 0.09m max in depth. Dark grey sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency. No inclusions noted.

2498 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2499. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.38m in length, 0.57m in width, 0.13m max in depth. Cut is circular to oval in plan, gently sloping sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2499 3 Fill of 2498. Measures 0.38m in length, 0.57m in width, 0.13m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare pebbles.

2500 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2501. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.30m in length, 0.40m in width, 0.17m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2501 3 Fill of pit 2500. Measures 0.30m in length, 0.40m in width, 0.17m max in depth. Mid brownish orange sandy silt and charcoal with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2502 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2503. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.63m in length, 1.10m in width, 0.37m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a oval base.

2503 3 Upper fill of pit 2502. above 2504. Measures 0.63m in length, 1.10m in width, 0.37m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2504 3 Lower fill of pit 2502. Below 2503. Measures 0.63m in length, 1.10m in width, 0.37m max in depth. Light reddish brown sandy silt and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2505 3 Fill of pit 2506. Measures 0.60m in length, 0.55m in width, 0.25m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt with an abrupt interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of large rounded tones and many small stones. Evidence of bioturbation.

2506 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2505. Measures 0.60m in length, 0.55m in width, 0.25m max in depth. Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2507 3 Fill of pit 2508. Measures 0.62m in length, 0.52m in width, 0.40m max in depth. Dark brown sandy silt with an abrupt interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of small to large stones and frequent charcoal.

2508 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2507. Measures 0.62m in length, 0.52m in width, 0.40m max in depth Cut is oval in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a flat base.

2509 3 Lower fill of pit 2478. Below 2477. Measures 0.63m in length, 0.60m in width, 0.20m max in depth. Mottled dark and pale brown sandy silt and clay with a diffuse interface. Friable consistency with inclusions of small to large stones, charcoal flecks and the occasional lump of charcoal. Probably the same as 2477. Evidence of bioturbation. There was a large boulder lying flat on the base of the pit.

2510 3 Cut of tree throw(?). Filled by 2511, 2512. Measures 3m in length, 0.85m in width, 0.38m max in depth. Cut is crescent shaped in plan, vertical sides at the west and gently sloping sides at the east, gradual break of slope at the east and otherwise not perceptible and with a crescent base. 87 2511 3 Fill of tree throw(?) 2510. Measures 3m in length, 0.85m in width, 0.38m max in depth. Dark greyish brown sandy silt and gravel with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2512 3 Redeposited natural in tree throw 2510. Below 2511. Reddish orange sandy silt and charcoal with a diffuse interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare pebbles.

2513 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2514. Measures 0.45m in length, 0.20m in width, depth not noted. Black loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of stone, charcoal, shell, animal bone, slag, daub. Possible midden deposit within the pit 2481.

2514 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2515. below 2513. Measurements not noted. Brown loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of charcoal. Slag present near the interface with 2513.

2515 3 Fill of pit 2481. Below 2514. Above 2516. Measurements not noted. Dark orange loamy sand and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with no inclusions. Only found at the southern edge of the pit 2481.

2516 3 Redeposited sand fill of pit 2481. Above 2517. Below 2515. Measurements not noted. Very light brown to white loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2517 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2518. Below 2516. Measurements not noted. Light brown loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2518 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2519. Below 2517. Measurements not noted. Light brown loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2519 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2520. Below 2518. Measurements not noted. Orange loamy sand and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Possibly redeposited natural.

2520 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2521. Below 2519. Measurements not noted. Grey loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with

td 2011 td inclusions of daub and charcoal.

2521 3 burnt layer above stone lining of pit 2481. Above 2522. Below 2520. Measurements not noted. Black loamy sand and charcoal with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of abundant charcoal.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2522 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2523. Below 2521.Measurements not noted. Dark brown loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. © H eadland A Context no. Area Description

2523 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2524. Below 2522. Measurements not noted. Orange brown loamy sand and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Possibly redeposited natural.

2524 3 Fill of pit 2481. Stratigraphic matrix not noted. Measurements not noted. Yellow white loamy sand. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Possibly redeposited natural.

2525 3 Redeposited natural fill of pit 2481. Above natural. Below 2529. Measurements not noted. Orange brown loamy sand and gravel with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Similar to 2523.

2526 3 Cut of pit. Filled by 2527. Cuts the natural. Measures 0.33m in length, 0.41m in width, 0.19m max in depth. Cut is circular in plan, steep sides, gradual break of slope and with a rounded base.

2527 3 Fill of pit 2526. Measures 0.33m in length, 0.41m in width, 0.19m max in dept. Mid brownish orange sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal.

2528 3 Fill of pit 2481. Above 2525. Measurements not noted. Very light brown loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Redeposited natural sand and very similar to other redeposited sand in pit 2481.

2529 3 Uppermost fill of pit 2481. Below 2514. Above 2517. Measurements not noted. Very light brown to white loamy sand with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with inclusions of rare charcoal. Redeposited natural. Similar to 2516 and possibly the same as.

2530 2B Void.

2531 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2532. Circular in plan with steep sides and an uneven base. Measures 0.6m in diameter and 0.1m in depth.

2532 2B Fill of pit 2531. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2533 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2534. Irregular in plan with steep sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.8m in length, 0.44m in width and 0.19m in depth.

2534 2B Fill of posthole 2533. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with charcoal inclusions near the top of the deposit.

2535 2B Cut of small pit/posthole. Filled by 2536. Sub-circular in plan with steep sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.6m in length, 0.35m in width and 0.1m in depth. 88 2536 2B Fill of small pit/posthole 2535. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with small stone and charcoal inclusions. 2537 2B Cut of small pit. Filled by 2538. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 0.6m in diameter and 0.09m in depth.

2538 2B Fill of small pit 2537. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency

2539 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2540 and 2546. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and an uneven base. Measures 0.59m in length, 0.36m width and 0.2m in depth.

2540 2B Fill of posthole 2539. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2541 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2542 and 2547. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 0.6m in length, 0..47m width and 0.23m in depth.

2542 2B Fill of posthole 2541. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2543 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2544 and 2545. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and rounded base. Measures 0.6m in length, 0..35m width and 0.23m in depth.

2544 2B Fill of posthole 2543. Light brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2545 2B Packing stones in posthole 2543. Small to medium rounded stones placed around lip of posthole cut.

2546 2B Packing stones in posthole 2539. Small to medium rounded stones placed around lip of posthole cut.

2547 2B Packing stones in posthole 2541. Small to medium rounded stones placed around lip of posthole cut.

2548 2B Cut of posthole. Filled by 2549. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.39m in diameter and 0.2m in depth.

2549 2B Fill of posthole 2548. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2550 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2551 and 2552. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.88m in length, 0.7m in width and 0.18m in depth.

2551 2B Upper fill of pit 2550. Light brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with rare charcoal inclusions.

2552 2B Lower fill of pit 2550. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with abundant charcoal and moderate heat-affected cobble inclusions. Contained pottery SF368. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Description

2553 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2554 and 2555. Oval in plan with gently sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.77m in length, 0.7m in width and 0.15m in depth.

2554 2B Upper fill of pit 2553. Light brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with rare charcoal inclusions.

2555 2B Lower fill of pit 2553. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with abundant charcoal.

2556 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2557. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.76m in diameter and 0.13m in depth.

2557 2B Fill of pit 2556. Light brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2558 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2559. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 0.89m in diameter and 0.09m in depth.

2559 2B Fill of pit 2558. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2560 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2561. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 0.7m in diameter and 0.09m in depth.

2561 2B Fill of pit 2560. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with rare burnt bone and charcoal.

2562 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2563. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 0.7m in diameter and 0.14m in depth.

2563 2B Fill of pit 2562. Light brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2564 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2565. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.9m in length, 0.54m in width and 0.1m in depth.

2565 2B Fill of pit 2564. Mid brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2566 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2567. Sub-circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 0.9m in length, 0.64m in width and 0.1m in depth.

2567 2B Fill of pit 2566. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2568 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2569. Circular in plan with steeply sloping sides and a flat base. Measures 1.3m in diameter and 0.08m in depth.

2569 2B Fill of pit 2568. Dark brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency with rare charcoal inclusions. Contained iron object SF367.

2570 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2571. Oval in plan with steeply sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 1.69m in length, 1.35m in width and 89 0.27m in depth.

2571 2B Fill of pit 2570. Mid greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

2572 2B Cut of pit. Filled by 2573. Circular in plan with gently sloping sides and a rounded base. Measures 1.46m in diameter and 0.17m in depth.

2573 2B Fill of pit 2572. Dark greyish brown sandy silt with a smooth interface. Loose consistency.

Photographic register

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

622 – ID SHOT (film 1) 633 E Post Ex of [1019] and [1021]

623 E Iron Furnace [1000] Pre-Ex 634 E W Facing section of pit cut [1024]

624 S NNW Facing Section of [1000] 635 N S Facing section through post-hole [1027]

625 S N Facing Section of [1004] 636 SE NW facing section through pit [1033]

626 N Pre-Ex view of possible pit cut [1006] 637 N View of layer [1045]- showing burnt area

627 SE NW Facing section of pit [1007] 638 N Post-ex view of cuts [1000], [1009], [1011] and [1013]

628 SE Post-Ex of Pit [1000] 639 N Half section of cut [1048] td 2011 td 629 N S Facing section of cut [1006] 640 NE SW facing section of cut [1064]

630 SE Post Ex of [1000] [1009] [1011] [1013] 641 N S facing section through cut [1062] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 631 W E Facing section of cut [1016] 642 S N facing section through cut [1060]

632 N S Facing section of cut [1018] 643 N Pit cut [1048] and surrounding post-holes © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

644 E W facing section through cut [1070] 681 SSE Post-ex of cut [1184] and [1186]

645 E W facing section through cut [1072] 682 NE SW facing section of posthole cut [1190]

646 E Half sectioned pit cuts [1070] (L) [1072] (r) 683 N Pre-ex of features [1192] (L) and [1193] (R)

647 SW NE facing section through pits [1081] [1084] 684 E Pre-ex of [1192] (foreground) and [1193] (background) 648 NW Pits [1086][1088][1090][1092][1094][1096][1098] [1100] Post-ex 685 E W facing section of [1194]

649 S N facing section of cut [1074] 686 S N facing section of [1214]

650 E SW facing section of cut [1077] 687 E W facing section of posthole [1197]

651 W E facing section of cut [1080] 688 NE SW facing section of posthole [1199]

652 S Half section of cuts [1077] and [1088] 689 E W facing section of posthole [1201]

653 SW Post-ex pit [1081] and [1084] 690 N S facing section of posthole [1203]

654 NW Post-ex pit [1102] 691 ID SHOT (film 3)

655 W E facing section of post-hole [1104] 692 N S facing section of posthole [1205]

656 W E facing section of post-hole [1107] 693 W E facing section of posthole [1207]

657 ID SHOT (film 2) 694 S N facing section of posthole [1209]

658 E W facing section of cut [1113] (L) and [1115](R) 695 W General shot of roundhouse postholes [1197] through [1209] 659 S View of cuts [1080] [1111][1113][1115][1074][1072] [1070] 696 NW SSE facing section of posthole cut [1191]

660 N S facing section of posthole [1116] 697 S N facing section of posthole [1218]

661 W Post-ex of pit [1119] and post-hole [1121] 698 S E facing section of pit [1220]

90 662 W E facing section of post-hole [1123] 699 NNW SSE facing section of [1222]

663 SE NW facing section of [1127] 700 N 1/4 section of layer/fill (1270) showing stone fill

664 E Post-ex of posthole [1129] 701 N 1/2 section of fill (1270)

665 W Structure 2 pre-ex 702 N S facing section of posthole [1278]

666 W Structure 2 pre-ex 703 S N facing section of posthole [1280]

667 E W facing section of posthole cut [1131] 704 W E facing section of pit [1283]

668 N S facing sections of posthole cuts [1144] (L) and 705 W E facing section of pit cut [1281] [1146] (R) 706 W E facing section of pit cut [1285] 669 N S facing section of posthole cut [1148] 707 S View of layer (1287) 670 W E facing section of posthole cut [1150] 708 W Layer (1287) + cuts [1280] [1278] [1271] 671 NE SE facing section of posthole cut [1152] 709 N Shot of half sectioned pits [1288] and [1290] 672 N S facing section of posthole cut [1154] 710 SW Post-ex shot of pit [1269] 673 N Post-ex of cuts [1181] [1113] and [1115] 711 N Partial excavation of cut [1271] showing stone fill 674 E Post-ex of cuts [1181] [1113] and [1115] 712 E W facing section of layer (1287) 675 W Post-ex of pit cut [1183] 713 N Post-ex shot of pit [1271] 676 N View of [1183] [1080] [1074] [1111] [1181] [1072] 714 S Working shot in area 2B 677 E Structure 1 pre-ex 715 SE Pre-ex shot pit group in N area 2B 678 E Post-ex of [1074]+ [1080] [1183] and [1111] in the foreground 716 SE Pre-ex shot large irregular black area in N area 2B

679 E Post-ex of [1070] and [1072] 717 E Pre-ex shot pits& large black area in N area 2B

680 S Post-ex of [1183] [1180] [1074] [1111] [1181] [1072] 718 N Pre-ex shot pits in N area of 2B Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

719 NW Pre-ex shot pits/features in N area of 2B 758 S N facing section of pit [1359]

720 ID SHOT (film 5) 759 NE 1/2 section of pit [1354]

721 W Pre-ex shot of large pits [1292] and [1294] 760 NW 1/2 section of [1344]

722 S Pre-ex view of large pit [1296] 761 E W facing section of pit [1361]

723 W E facing section of irregular pit cut [1298] 762 NE SW facing section of pit [1362]

724 SW Mid-ex of pit [1302] showing large cobble and pot. 763 NW Post-ex shot of pit [1344] in fill (1301) 764 SE General shot of half sectioned cuts [1342][1359] 725 SW 1/2 section of pit [1302] [1361]

726 VOID 765 NW SE facing section of pit [1365]

727 SW 1/2 section pit [1303] 766 SE NW section of pit [1356] in N area 2B

728 SW 1/2 section shallow pit [1305] 767 S Half section of pit [1367]

729 SW 1/2 section of pits [1310] and [1308] 768 NE Half section of pits [1372][1374] and [1376]

730 S Shot of quadrant section of pit [1292] 769 S Post-ex shots of pits in N area 2B

731 N Shot of quadrant section of pit [1292] 770 E Post-ex shot pits in N area 2B

732 S Shot of quadrant section of pit [1294] 771 W 1/2 section of [1370]

733 S Shot of quadrant section of pit [1294] 772 NE 1/2 section of [1380]

734 N Shot of quadrant section of pit [1294] 773 NE 1/2 section of pit [1382]

735 VOID 774 NE 1/2 section of pit [1384]

736 VOID 775 NE 1/2 section of pits [1386] and [1388] 737 W Mid-ex shot of pit with possible quern stone [1315] 776 W Partial half section of pit [1393] 91 738 W 1/2 section of pit [1318] 777 S N facing section of posthole [1395]

739 W 1/2 section of pit [1320] 778 W E facing section of pit [1393]

740 W 1/2 section of pit [1322] 779 W E facing section of pit [1396]

741 NW 1/2 section of pit [1323] 780 NE Post-ex shot of [1380] (1381)

742 NE Half-section of pit [1325] 781 NW Pre-ex of pit [1400]

743 N S facing section of [1333] 782 W NW facing section of pit [1401]

744 S N facing section of [1333] 783 S W facing section of posthole [1404]

745 E Half section of [1334] 784 N S facing section of posthole [1406]

746 W Half section of pit [1337] 785 N W facing section of pit cut [1409]

747 W E facing partial section of pit [1342] 786 W NE section of pit [1407]

748 E W facing partial section of pit [1342] 787 NW S and E facing sections of pit [1400]

749 NE Post-ex shot of slotted tree throw [1346] 788 SE N and W facing sections of pit [1400]

750 NW Section of pit [1338] 789 NNE SSW facing section of posthole [1415]

751 SW Shot of complete cut + section of [1302] 790 NE SW facing section of [1411]

752 SW 1/2 section of pit [1315] 791 SE NW facing section of [1413] td 2011 td 753 S 1/2 section of pit [1328] 792 N S facing section of [1418]

754 S N facing section of pit [1244] 793 NE SW facing section of small pit [1421]

755 S Half section of shallow pit [1351] 794 ID SHOT (film 7) rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 756 NW Mid-ex shot of [1344] 795 W Shot of slot raised feature [1423]

757 ID SHOT (film 6) 796 W Shot of slot of raised spread (1424) © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

797 S N facing 1/4 section of pit [1425] 834 NE 1/2 section of post-hole [1492]

798 NW SE facing section of pit [1434] 835 NW 1/2 section of small pit/posthole [1494]

799 NNE S facing section of possible stakehole [1437] 836 SW NE facing section of [1496]

800 S N facing section of small pit [1441] 837 S N facing sections of [1498] and [1500]

801 W Pre-ex of [1444] 838 N S facing section of [1504]

802 N S facing 1/4 section of pit [1425] 839 SE Pre-ex shot of [1507]

803 W E facing 1/4 section of pit [1425] 840 N Post-ex view of massive pit [1425]

804 S N facing 1/4 section of pit [1425] 841 N S facing section of [1507]

805 E W facing 1/4 section of pit [1425] 842 N Re-take of photo 841

806 N Mid-ex 1/2 section showing large flat stone in 843 NW Pre-ex shot of stone feature [1511] [1444] 844 SW Section of [1511] 807 NE W facing section of small pit cut [1445] 845 SW Mid-ex view of structure 5 area 2B 808 N S facing section of small pit cut [1447] 846 SE Mid-ex view of structure 5 area 2B 809 N S facing section of very small pit cut [1452] 847 NE Mid-ex view of structure 5 area 2B 810 E 1/2 section of posthole cut [1439] 848 NE Mid-ex view of structure 5 entrance 811 W E facing section of pit [1449] 849 N Mid-ex view of structure 5 entrance 812 S N facing section of posthole [1454] 850 S View of stone feature [1514] and ring ditch [1512] 813 N Base of half sectioned [1444] structure 5

814 VOID 851 S Mid-ex view of N & E quadrants structure 5

815 S 1/2 section of pit [1456]/post in N area 2B 852 SE Mid-ex view of W & S quadrants of structure 5 92 (1457)&(1458) 853 N Mid-ex view of S quadrant of structure 5 816 W Pre-ex of [1461] 854 W Mid-ex of slot of stone feature [1515] 817 SE Pre-ex of [1464] 855 NE Post-ex shot of pit [1524] 818 S 1/2 section of [1465] 856 NW E & S facing sections of pit [1524] 819 W E facing sections of pits/postholes [1475] & [1477] 857 SE N & W facing sections of pit [1524] 820 W View of quern stone <244> in-situ within pit [1425] 858 NE S & W facing sections of pit [1524] 821 W Pre-ex of poss. Gully feature [1484] E. of structure 5 entrance 859 SW N & E facing sections of pit [1524]

822 NE Half section of pit/post [1481] 860 S Shot of pits [1518] and [1520]

823 N S facing section of pit [1466] 861 N General shot of features [1518] [1520] [1522]

824 SE NW facing section of pit [1472] 862 S General shot of area S of [1524] (of possible roundhouse) 825 NNW General shot of 1/2 sectioned pits/postholes of entrance to structure 5 863 NE Mid-ex photo of [1527]

826 SW 1/2 sectioned pit [1486] 864 E Mid-ex photo of [1529]

827 N Close-up of rubbing stone in pit [1481] 865 E Mid-ex of possible postholes[1535][1537][1545] [1547][1549] 828 W Mid-ex shot of slotted gully feature [1484] 866 E W facing section of [1539] 829 N S facing section of gully [1484] slot 867 E Detail of stone layer (1516) 830 S N facing section of gully [1484] slot 868 N Detail of stone layer (1516) 831 S Post-ex of pits [1481] and [1491] 869 ID SHOT (film 9) 832 ID SHOT (film 8) 870 N Detail of stone fill (1514) in structure 5 833 S General shot of area 2B 871 E Detail of stone fill (1551) in structure 5 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

872 E General shot of S. side of structure 5 [1516] [1514] 909 E W facing section of [1633] [1551] 910 NW SW facing section of section C of structure 5 [1512] 873 E Mid-ex pit [1552] 911 SE Shot of [1622] and slot C of [1512] 874 E Shot of pit [1554] 912 N Pre-ex shot of 'hearth' [1635] 875 E Sectioned pit [1554] 913 E W facing section of posthole [1637] 876 NNE Post-ex of pit [1524] 914 S Shot of [1622]- Slot C of [1512] 877 N General shot of [1556] 915 SW 1/2 section of posthole [1639] and stakehole [1641] 878 NE Sectioned [1556] 916 NE 1/2 section of pit [1643] 879 NNE 2nd post-ex shot of pit [1524] 917 SE 1/2 section of posthole [1645] and pit [1647] 880 E Pre-ex shot of ring-ditch [1512] in structure 5 918 S Post-ex of posthole [1619] 881 NW Pre-ex shot of ring-ditch [1512] in structure 5 919 SW 1/2 section of posthole [1649] 882 E Pre-ex shot of structure 5 internal negative features 920 W 1/2 section of posthole [1651] 883 E W facing section of [1560] [1570] [1572] 921 NW 1/2 section of posthole [1655] 884 E W facing section of possible post-hole [1567] 922 SE 1/2 section of posthole [1653] 885 E W facing section of [1574] 923 E W facing 1/4 section of [1514] Section A 886 S Half-sectioned [1576] pit 924 S N facing 1/4 section of [1514] Section A 887 E Half-sectioned [1579] pit 925 E Section of possible pit [1660] 888 S Half-sectioned [1582] pit 926 N Section of hearth/pit [1635] 889 E Half-sectioned [1585] pit 927 NE Pre ex shot of [1667] (1668) 890 E Half-sectioned post-hole [1589] 928 E 1/2 section of posthole cut [1664] 93 891 NE Half-sectioned [1598] pit 929 E Section of pit [1665] 892 NE Half-sectioned [1600] pit 930 E W facing section of [1669] 893 E W facing section of [1620] (no scale) 931 SW NE facing section of [1671] 894 E W facing section of [1620] 932 E Slot through (1516) W facing section 895 SW General shot of postholes [1617][1615][1613] + end of [1514] 933 W Slot through (1516) E facing section

896 W NE facing section of posthole [1613] 934 NE Working shot of Structure 5

897 S Section A. N facing section of terminal end of [1514] 935 E Working shot of Structure 5 (NE quad) 936 S Working shot of Structure 5 898 S Section C. N facing section of post-hole [1622] 937 E Section of pit [1677] 899 W E facing section of [1626] 938 SE 1/2 section of [1674] & [1676] 900 S Shot of slot B of structure 5 ring-ditch [1512] 939 W Section of pit [1682] 901 SW Shot of slot C of structure 5 ring-ditch [1512] 940 E W facing section of [1687] 902 W Shot of NE facing section of slot B of [1512] ring- ditch 941 E W facing section of [1689]

903 E Shot of W facing section of slot b of [1512] ring-ditch 942 NW SE facing section of [1681] 943 ID SHOT (film 11)

td 2011 td 904 S N facing section of cut [1619]

905 SW General shot of [1619] 944 N Section of posthole [1691]

906 ID SHOT (film 10) 945 NNE Section of pit [1693] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 907 E Shot of [1608][1602][1606][1628] 946 S Sections of [1667] [1668] and [1695]

908 SE Shot of [1608][1602][1606][1628] 947 NE Sections of [1667] [1668] [1695] and [1696] © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

948 SW Sections of [1667] [1668] [1695] and [1696] 985 E Shot of Structure 5

949 N Sections of [1667] [1668] [1695] 986 NNE Shot of Structure 5

950 SW Section of [1698] 987 N Shot of Structure 5

951 N S facing section of [1702] 988 NNW Shot of Structure 5

952 NE SW facing section of [1704] 989 N Shot of Structure 5

953 E Pre-ex of stone pit [1706] 990 NW View of Kubiena sample 913 in ring-ditch [1512]

954 E Post-ex of pit [1687] 991 NW Close up of Kubiena sample 913 ring -ditch [1512]

955 N Section of pit [1708] 992 W 1/2 section of [1750]

956 E W facing section of possible posthole [1710] 993 NW 1/2 section of [1752]

957 NE Section of posthole cut [1713] 994 NNE 1/2 section of [1755]

958 NE Section of pit cut [1715] 995 W N part of section through [1754]

959 NE General shot of features [1702] [1704] [1713] and 996 NW Mid + SE part of section through [1754] [1714] 997 E Section in SE leg of [1754] 960 NNE Section of posthole [1716] 998 N Line of postholes [1759][1761][1763][1765] 961 NNE Section of pit [1718] [1767]+pit [1770]

962 NNE Sections of posthole [1716] and [1718] cutting each 999 E Post-hole [1759] other. 1000 E Pit/post-hole [1761] 963 NE Section of pit [1720] and pit [1723] 1001 S Pit/posthole [1763] 964 NW Pre-ex shot of poss. posthole showing in-situ poss. rubbing stone 1002 SE Pit/posthole [1765] 94 965 E Section of stone pit 1003 SE Stone packing in posthole [1767] 966 N Section of shallow pit [1726] 1004 S 1/2 section of [1622]

967 N Section of cuts [1729] and [1731] 1005 W Shot of possible ard marks [1791] N. side of structure 5 968 N Section of [1729] with stone removed 1006 SE Upper part of section across pit [1770] 969 N Section of pit cut [1732] 1007 E 1/2 section of possible pit [1795] 970 SW NE facing section through ring-ditch [1513] slot D 1008 SE Section of shallow feature [1793] 971 N S facing section through ring-ditch [1513] slot D 1009 NE NE facing section of pit [1797] 972 W General view of slot D in ring-ditch [1513] 1010 W E facing section of pit [1799] 973 E Overview pre-ex shot of pit [1735] 1011 W E facing section of pit [1801] 974 N Pre ex of [1739] showing poss. quern stone in-situ 1012 NE Shot of stone feature [1821] cut [1819] in structure 5 975 N Section of pit cut [1739] 1013 NW NW facing sections of pits [1803] and [1805] 976 E Shot of W. facing section 1014 N S facing section of pit [1807] 977 NE 1/2 sections of pit [1740] & [1742] structure 5 1015 ID SHOT (film 13) 978 SW 1/2 section of pit [1745] 1016 S Shot of stones (1822) in pit [1770] 979 ID SHOT (film 12) 1017 N S facing section of pit [1809] 980 SE Shot of slot where ring ditch [1512] terminates S of Str.5 1018 N Post-ex of pit cut 1622

981 NE Shot of slot where ring ditch [1512] terminates S 1019 W S facing section of pit [1813] of Str.5 1020 E Shot of fully excavated structure 5 982 SW 1/2 section of pit [1747] 1021 SE Shot of fully excavated structure 5 983 S Shot of Structure 5 1022 E Shot of fully excavated structure 5 984 W Shot of Structure 5 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1023 N Shot of fully excavated structure 5 1062 N 1/2 section of pit [1866]

1024 NE Shot of fully excavated structure 5 1063 E 1/2 section of pit [1870]

1025 NW Shot of fully excavated structure 5 1064 SE 1/2 section of pit [1869] and pre-ex of [1913]

1026 NW 1/2 section showing packing stones in (1825) [1826] 1065 SW 1/2 section of pit [1875]

1027 SW 1/2 section of [1826] 1066 SW 1/2 section of pit [1873]

1028 SE NW facing section of pit [1770] lower section 1067 SE 1/2 section of pit [1877]

1029 NW Shot of pit [1784](L) and posthole [1786] (R) 1068 W 1/2 section of pit [1895]

1030 SW Pit [1771] 1069 SE 1/2 section of [1913]

1031 NW Pits [1773] [1775] [1777] & [1779] 1070 SE 1/2 section of posthole [1917]

1032 E Pit [1781] 1071 NE 1/2 sections of postholes [1897][1899][1901][1903] [1905] 1033 N Pre-ex shot of linear features in Area 2B 1072 E 1/2 section of posthole cut [1886] 1034 S Saddle Quern 301 in pit/posthole [1767] 1073 E 1/2 section of posthole cut [1892] 1035 NE Mid-ex of posthole [1832] 1074 W 1/2 section of pit [1882] with 1884 (L) 1880 (R) 1036 NW Section of [1830] 1075 N General shot of cut [1880][1882][1884][1886][1888] 1037 NW Mid-ex of stone feature [1821] cut [1819] [1890][1892]

1038 N S facing section of [1834] 1076 W 1/2 section of cut [1909]with [1884] in background

1039 NE SW facing section of [1815] 1077 SW General shot of cuts [1890][1892][1909][1911]

1040 SE Large boulder base in posthole [1832] 1078 SE 1/2 section of [1915]

1041 SE Post-ex of [1832] 1079 NE 1/2 section of [1917]

1042 S Fully excavated pit [1776] 1080 S 1/2 section of pit [1927] 95

1043 SW Possible post-pipe in cut [1763] 1081 N 1/2 section of cut [1926] with [1882] to right

1044 SW Linear [1838] + [1836] in background 1082 SW 1/2 section of pit [1933]

1045 SW Linear [1838] 1083 W Post-ex of possible posthole [1915]

1046 N Cut [1841] + linear [1836] 1084 W 1/2 section of pit [1944]

1047 E Pre-ex shot of linear feature 1085 W 1/2 section of pit [1946]

1048 SW Post-ex of [1826] 1086 ID SHOT (cs film 15)

1049 N Post-ex shot of stone feature [1821] cut [1819] 1087 ID SHOT (cp cs digi film 15)

1050 ID SHOT (cp film 14) 1088 SW 1/2 section of posthole [1948]

1051 NE Shot of 1/2 section of SW facing pit [1844] 1089 E Partially excavation pit [1953] with packing stones

1052 SE Shot of 1/2 section of pit [1847] 1090 E 1/2 section of posthole cut [1953]

1053 SW 1/2 section of shallow pit/posthole [1854] 1091 W 1/2 section of pit [1954]

1054 W 1/2 section of small posthole [1858] 1092 N S facing sections of pits/postholes [1877][1895] [1920][1922][1939][1937][1941][1957] 1055 SW Post-ex of posthole [1858] 1093 SW NE facing section of posthole [1950] 1056 N 1/2 section of posthole [1860] 1094 SW NE facing section of pits [1922][1920] 1057 NW SE shot of linear feature [1850] td 2011 td 1095 N SW facing section of posthole [1941] 1058 NW SE facing section of cut [1850] 1096 NE Post-ex of posthole [1953] showing packing stones 1059 SE NW facing section of cut [1850] 1097 W Shot of slotted possible tree throw [1959] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1060 SW NE facing section of [1863] and [1865] 1098 N S facing section of possible tree throw [1959] 1061 E Mid-ex of [1869] showing stones + reddening (?) of pit 1099 S 3/4 excavated pit cut [1962] © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1100 W 1/2 sections of pits [1965] (R) and [1967] (L) 1130 NE Mid-ex show of [2025] + [2026] showing stones in (2024) 1101 SW 1/2 section of pits [1971] (L) + [1972] (R) 1131 S N facing section of pit [2028] 1102 SW 1/2 section of [1974] 1132 SW Post-ex shot of [2021] 1103 W 1/2 section of pit [1976] 1134 E Shot of post [2034] + small find 318 in second post 1104 W cuts [1978] (L) and [1976] (R) in foreground [2038]

1105 SW NE facing section of pit and postholes [1979][1981] 1135 E W facing section of posthole [2038] and small find [1983] 318

1106 W General pre-ex shot of large stone (2003) and 1136 E W facing section of slot of NW arm of enclosure surrounding features [2016]

1107 SW General pre-ex shot of large stone (2003) and 1137 NW Shot of stone deposit (2005) at SE end of large stone surrounding features (2003)

1108 SE Section in NW quadrant around (2003) including 1138 NE Plan shot of quern stone inside pit cut [2040] [2001] 1139 W Shot of NE facing section of slot 3 of NW arm of 1109 NW Section in [2001] stone setting enclosure [2016]

1110 SE General shot of (2003) with NW quadrant excavated 1140 NE Shot of SW facing section of slot 3 of NW arm of enclosure [2016] 1111 SE Detail of (2003) and [2004] in NW quadrant 1141 SW NE facing 1/2 section of pit [2041] 1112 N General shot of cuts [1989][1991][1993][1995] & [1998] 1142 SW NE facing section of slot 2 of NW terminal of enclosure [2016] 1113 W General shot of cuts [1989][1991][1993][1995] & [1998] 1143 NE SW facing section of slot 2 of NW terminal of enclosure [2016] 1114 E Pre-ex of southern extent of area 2B showing pits 1144 S N facing section of slot 1 of NW terminal of 1115 W E facing section of [2007] 96 enclosure [2016] 1116 SW Pre-ex of furnace pit [2021] 1145 N S facing section of slot 1 of NW terminal of enclosure [2016] 1117 NW Shot of deposit of cobbles at SE end of large stone (2003) 1146 NE Shot of quern stone + stones beneath cut [2040]

1118 SE NW facing section of posthole [2012] 1147 SW Shot of NE corner slot of NW terminal of enclosure [2016] 1119 NW View of 1/2 section of cut [2009] (L) and [2007] (R) 1148 N Shot of S quadrant of pit [2036] 1120 S Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE corner of area 2B 1149 S Shot of N quadrant of pit [2036]

1121 SW Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE 1150 W Pre-ex of [2048] below [2005] corner of area 2B 1151 S Section through [2048] 1122 ID SHOT (film 16) 1152 E W facing section of postholes [2057] + [2059] 1123 SW Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE corner of area 2B 1153 SE NW facing section of pit cut [2065]

1124 SE NW section of large shallow pit [2010] in NE corner 1154 S N facing section through pit […] (cut number left of area 2B blank)

1125 S Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE 1155 N S facing section through posthole [2061] corner of area 2B 1156 ID SHOT (film 17) 1126 SE Shot of 1/2 section of pit [2021] possible furnace 1157 NW Detail of section through [2026] 1127 N Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE corner of area 2B 1158 NE Detail of section through [2001]

1128 SW Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE 1159 N Pit/posthole [2069] + posthole [2067] corner of area 2B 1160 N Posthole [2061] showing stone packing 1129 S Pre-ex shot of possible enclosure [2016] in NE corner of area 2B 1161 SW Pre-ex show of pits [2071][2073] + [2075] 1162 SW Post-ex shot of posthole [2061] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1163 NE Pre-ex shot of pits [2071][2073] + [2075] 1201 W E facing section of pit [2272] and [2274]

1164 S N facing section through posthole [2085] 1202 SE NW facing section of pit [2276]

1165 SW NE facing section of posthole [2207] 1203 E W facing section of pit [2287]

1166 SW NE facing section of [2214] 1204 ID SHOT (film 20)

1167 ESE Concentration of stones [2218] 1205 W E facing section of pit [2280]

1168 ID SHOT (film 19) 1206 W 1/2 section thru [2284]

1169 NE SW facing section through posthole [2216] 1207 E 1/2 section thru [2292]

1170 NE SW facing section of pit [2227] 1208 W 1/2 section thru [2294]

1171 SE NW facing section of pit [2192] 1209 W 1/2 section thru [2296]

1172 SW NE facing section of [2214] 1210 W Plan of two big stones in pit [2305]

1173 NE SW facing section of pit [2229] 1211 SW NE facing section of pit [2289]

1174 NE Section through posthole [2220] 1212 W E facing section of pit [2298] and pit [2300]

1175 NE Section through posthole [2222] 1213 S N facing section of pit [2302]

1176 NE Section through posthole [2224] 1214 E Mid-ex of [2307]

1177 NE Section through posthole [2226] 1215 NE SW sections of [2020] truncating poss. kiln [2017]

1178 NE SW facing section through pit [2231] 1216 NW Section of [2245]

1179 SW Post-ex of pit [2214] 1217 N S facing section through pit [2278]

1180 ENE WSW facing section of pit [2190] 1218 W E facing section of [2309]

1181 W Section of shallow pit [2234] 1219 S Area of heated natural sand area 2B

1182 W General post-ex around (2003) 1220 E W facing section of [2307] 97

1183 SW General post-ex around (2003) 1221 SW Section of [2259]

1184 S General post-ex around (2003) 1222 SE Section of [2316]

1185 E General post-ex around (2003) 1223 E W facing section of cut [2307]

1186 E Section of shallow features [2238] 1224 S N facing section through posthole [2317]

1187 NE SW facing section of pit/posthole [2235] 1225 N Pre-ex of pit [2321]

1188 N S facing section of pit [2242] 1226 E W facing section of slot 1 of [2252]

1189 SE NW facing section of pit [2248] 1227 W E facing section of slot 1 of [2252]

1190 E W facing section of pit [2250] 1228 E W facing section of slot 2 of [2252]

1191 NE SW facing section through posthole [2246] 1229 W E facing section of slot 2 of [2252]

1192 E W facing section of pit [2256] 1230 E W facing section of slot 3 of [2252]

1193 NE Section across post-hole [2240] with possible 1231 W E facing section of slot 3 of [2252] post-pipe 1232 S Pre-ex shot of kiln [2397] 1194 SE NW facing section of pit [2259] 1233 S Pre-ex shot of kiln [2397] 1195 SE Post-ex shot of pit [2259] 1234 NW Mid-ex of fill (2319) in NE quad of cut [2321] 1196 E W facing section of pit [2262] 1235 NE SW section of pit [2304] td 2011 td 1197 E W facing section of pit [2264] 1236 SW NE section of pit [2305] 1198 N S facing section through posthole [2260] 1237 SW NE section of pit [2322] 1199 NE SW facing section of pit [2285] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1238 NW Shot of pit cut [2321] 1200 SW NE facing sections of [2322][2323][2324][2305] [2304] 1239 SE NW section of pit [2323]and posthole [2324] © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1240 NW SE section of pit [2331] 1277 E Kiln [2397] W facing section

1241 ID SHOT (film 21) 1278 W Kiln [2367] E facing section

1242 SW NE facing section of pit cut [2333] 1279 S Kiln [2367] Post-Ex shot

1243 SW NE facing section of pit [2337] 1280 W E facing section re-do of photo 1278

1244 SW NE facing section of pit [2339] 1281 SW NE facing section of pit [2259] and pit [2361]

1245 SW NE facing section of pit [2341] 1282 ID SHOT (film 22)

1246 SW NE facing section of pit [2343] 1283 W E facing section of pit [2369] and linear feature [2370] 1247 NE S + W facing section of terminal [2019] corner 1 1284 NE 1/2 section of posthole [2355] 1248 S N facing section of slot 1 of terminal cut [2019] poss. Enclosure 1285 N 1/2 section of pit [no context number]

1249 N S facing section of slot 1 of terminal cut [2019] poss. 1286 NW SE facing section of pit [2378] Enclosure 1287 E W facing section of pits [2379] [2380] 1250 NW Stones at base of cut [2321] in NE 1/4 1288 W Pre-ex of pit [2394] with evaluation(?) cut and fill 1251 NE Section through [2348] 1289 SE 1/2 section of [2394] with evaluation (?) cut and fill 1252 SE NW facing section of cut [2359] in topsoil 1290 N Mid-ex shot of possible entrance [2410] 1253 SW Sections on NE quad of pit cut [2321] 1291 E Mid-ex shot of possible entrance [2410] 1254 S N facing section of [2019] slot 2 1292 S Mid-ex shot of possible entrance [2410] 1255 N S facing section of [2019] slot 2 1293 W Mid-ex shot of possible entrance [2410] 1256 S N facing section of pit [2359] 1294 S 1/4 section of [2412] 1257 N S facing section of [2353] 1295 SE 1/2 section of possible posthole [2390] 98 1258 E W facing 1/4 section of cut [2321] 1296 SE 1/2 section of pit [2396] 1259 SE NW facing section of cut [2359] 1297 W Pre-ex of layer (blank) pit cut [2430] 1260 N S facing section of pit [2356] 1298 E Working Shot 1261 NE General shot of slotted and sectioned [2017][2019] [2020][2252][2356]etc. 1299 E Working Shot

1262 N Mid-ex of post-hole [2336] with stones 1300 NE 1/2 section of [2415]

1263 N Pre-ex shot of linear feature [2363] 1301 NW 1/2 section of pit cut [2416]

1264 S Pre-ex shot of potential linear feature [2365] 1302 N Shot of poss. Channeling system [2020] cutting N edge of corn kiln [2017] 1265 E Pre-ex shot of potential linear feature [2366] 1303 NE Working shot of fully excavated kiln [2017] and 1266 N 1/2 section of post-hole [2336] truncation by two cuts

1267 SW NE facing 1/4 section of fully excavated cut [2321] 1304 N General shot of reddened sand (2424) and pre-ex of [2426] 1268 W E facing 1/4 section of cut [2321] 1305 W General shot of reddened sand (2424) and pre-ex 1269 S N facing 1/4 section of cut [2321] of [2426]

1270 E W facing 1/4 section of cut [2321] 1306 N S facing section of cut [2430]

1271 N S facing 1/4 section of cut [2321] 1307 N S facing section of cut [2430]

1272 S Shot of pit [2321] with 2 of 1/4 sections excavated 1308 W E facing section of posthole [2426]

1273 NE SW and W facing sections of [2367] cutting [2017] 1309 E Shot of fully excavated corn kiln [2017] and [2020]

1274 N SW and SE facing section of [2367] cutting [2017] 1310 N Shot of fully excavated corn kiln [2017] and [2020]

1275 W SE and NE facing sections of [2252] showing [2367] 1311 SW Shot of fully excavated corn kiln [2017] and [2020] cutting into corner 1312 NW 1/2 section of SE facing pit [2431] 1276 E Kiln [2397] W facing section 1313 W E facing section of posthole [2059] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1314 NE SW facing section of [2365] 1353 S N facing section of [2446] slot in palisade

1315 SW NE facing section of [2365] 1354 N S facing section of slot [2446] in palisade

1316 S General shot of Kiln and Pits [2321] and [2430] 1355 S General shot of slot [2444] and [2446] in palisade

1317 N General shot of Kiln and Pits [2321] and [2430] 1356 S N facing section of slot [2444] in palisade

1318 E Kubiena samples from Kiln [2397] 1357 N S facing section of slot [2444] in palisade

1319 NE Section of dark deposit (blank) within (2424) 1358 ID SHOT (film 24) Section of dark deposit (…) within (2424) 1359 E Pre-ex shot of large pit [2481] 1320 NE Section of dark deposit (blank) within (2424) 1360 W E facing section of [2462] 1321 ID SHOT (film 23) 1361 S Section of charcoal concentration (2467) in [2468] 1322 S Post-ex shot of kiln [2397] (one photo out of focus)

1323 SE Post-ex shot of kiln [2397] 1362 NW Shot of quadrant B of pit [2464] showing midden layer (2466) 1324 NE Working general shot of (…) with slot 1363 S Pre-ex shot of stone feature [2469] 1325 NE SW facing section of (…) in slot 1364 NE Pre-ex shot of stone feature [2469] 1326 SW NE facing section of (…) in slot 1365 SW NE facing section of [2474] 1327 NE Pre-ex shot of palisaded enclosure S extent 1366 S N facing section of stone feature [2469] 1328 NE Pre-ex shot of palisaded enclosure NW extent 1367 N S facing section of stone feature [2469] 1329 SW Pre-ex shot of palisaded enclosure N extent 1368 S Mid-ex shot [2478] showing stones [2474] to east 1330 NW Pre-ex shot of palisaded enclosure N extent 1369 W 1/2 section of pit cut [2479] 1331 SE S end of section (…) with (…) [2437] 1370 N S facing section of pit [2464] 1332 NE General of pit [2437] 1371 SW NE facing section of pit [2478] 99 1333 NW N end of section (…) within [2437] 1372 SW NE facing section of [2471] showing stones 1334 NW General of pit [2437] 1373 SE Shot of stone lining of deep pit [2481] 1335 SW General of pit [2437] 1374 SE Shot of stone lining of deep pit [2481] 1336 NE General of pit [2437] 1375 S N facing section of [2482] 1337 NW Slot A [2452] of palisade at SE of area 3 1376 SW NE facing section of [2484] 1338 NW Slot B [2438] of palisade at SE of area 3 1377 S N facing section of [2486] 1339 SW NE facing section of palisade slot [2454] 1378 SE Shot of excavated quadrant of pit [2481] 1340 NE SW facing section of palisade slot [2454] 1379 S N facing section of excavated quadrant of pit [2481] 1341 S N facing section of palisade slot [2456] 1380 SW Section through pit [2471] 1342 N S facing section of palisade slot [2456] 1381 NW 1/2 section of pit [2464] 1343 NE SW facing section of pit [2440] 1382 W 1/2 section of pit [2464] 1344 W E facing section of pit [2440] 1383 SW 1/2 section of pit [2464] 1345 NE SW facing section of pit [2442] 1384 NW 1/2 section of pit [2464] 1346 S N facing section of palisade [2448] 1385 W 1/2 section of pit [2464] 1347 N S facing section of palisade [2448] 1386 S N facing section through pit [2506] td 2011 td 1348 N S facing section of palisade [2448] 1387 NE SW facing section of pit [2492] 1349 S N facing section of palisade [2448] 1388 E W facing section of pit [2494] 1350 SW NE end of [2347] partially excavated with base of pit rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1389 N S facing section of pit [2496] 1351 S Corner slot [2460] of palisade feature of area 3 1390 N S facing section of pit [2498] 1352 NW Pre-ex shot of large pit [2464] © H eadland A Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1391 E W facing section of pit [2500] 1423 SW ENE facing section of pit [1251] (real photo number 687) 1392 E W facing section of pit [2502] 1424 NE Shot of pit [1253] (real photo number 688) 1393 Shot of stone lining of pit [2481] 1425 S Half section through layer (1193) (real photo 1394 ID SHOT (film 25) number 689)

1395 Shot of slot through tree throw [2510] 1426 N Shot of pit [1255] (real photo number 690)

1396 1/2 section of pit cut [2526] 1427 E W facing section through layer (1192) (real photo number 691) 1397 1/2 section of pit [2481] 1428 E W facing section of [1258] (real photo number 692) 1398 NE WSW facing section of pit [2481] 1429 SW NE facing section of pit [1260] (real photo number 1399 SW NE facing section of pit [2478] 693)

1400 S N facing section of pit [2508] 1430 NW S facing section of burnt pit [1264] (real photo number 694) 1401 NE Shot of stone lining of pit [2481] 1431 S N facing section of pit [1262] (real photo number 1402 Post-ex shot of pit [2481] 695) 1403 Post-ex shot of pit [2481] 1432 ID SHOT (film 4) (real photo number 696) 1404 Post-ex shot of pit [2481] 1433 E W facing section through cut [1268] (real photo 1405 Post-ex shot of pit [2481] number 697)

1406 SSW NNE facing section of [1232] (photo number 670) 1434 W E quadrant section of [1269] (real photo number 698) 1407 S N facing section of [1212] (real photo number 671) 1435 N Pre-ex shot of layer/fill (1270) (real photo number 1408 N S facing section and plan of cut [1227] (real photo 699) number 672) 1436 NE SW section of pit [2040] (real photo number 1151) 1409 S N facing section of pit [1229] (real photo number 100 673) 1437 S Section of pit [2053] (real photo number 1150)

1410 E General shot of features [1212] [1227] [1229] (real 1438 W E facing section of corner of pit [2017] (real photo photo number 674) number 1105)

1411 N S facing section of posthole [1234] (real photo 1439 N S facing section of corner of pit [2017] (real photo number 675) number 1106)

1412 NE Shot of stone feature [1236] on S. edge of structure 1440 E W facing section of pit [2087] (real photo number 2 (real photo number 676) 1107)

1413 W E facing section of pit [1238] (real photo number 1441 NW Shot of [2026] stone lined pit and fill of cut around 677) (2003) (real photo number 1108)

1414 N S facing section of pit [1231] (real photo number 1442 E Shot of [2026] stone lined pit and fill of cut around 678) (2003) (real photo number 1109)

1415 W E facing section of pit [1238] (real photo number 1443 SE Shot of [2026] stone lined pit and fill of cut around 679) (2003) (real photo number 1110)

1416 N S facing section of pit [1231] (real photo number 1444 NE Post-ex shot of posthole [2085] (real photo number 680) 1111)

1417 NE SW facing section of pit [1243] (real photo number 1445 SE NW facing section of cut [2093] (real photo number 681) 1112)

1418 NW Post-ex shot of structure 2 (real photo number 682) 1446 NW SE facing section of posthole [2096] (real photo number 1113) 1419 NE SW facing section of posthole [1244] (real photo number 683) 1447 W E facing section of pit [2106] (real photo number 1114) 1420 NE S facing section of posthole [1246] (real photo number 684) 1448 N S facing section of pit [2106] (real photo number 1115) 1421 N S facing section of pit cut [1248] (real photo number 685) 1449 S N facing section of pit [2108] with clay moulds (real photo number 1116) 1422 S N facing section of shallow pit [1249] (real photo number 686) Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photo no. Facing Description Photo no. Facing Description

1450 S Close up of clay moulds in-situ within pit [2108] (real 1474 NE SW shot of [2153] N facing [2012] and pit [2135] to photo number 1117) SW side near [2153] (real photo number 1141)

1451 S Close up of clay moulds in-situ within pit [2108] (real 1475 S Post-ex of pit [2108] (real photo number 1142) photo number 1118) 1476 N South facing section thru small pit [2155] (real 1452 N S facing section of posthole [2110] (real photo photo number 1143) number 1119) 1477 N S facing section of pit [2075] (real photo number 1453 SE Shot of [2004] with fill (2002), big stone (2003) + 1144) stone fill part of (2025) (real photo number 1120) 1478 N S facing section of pit [2073] (real photo number 1454 NE [2001] with (2002) stone lining with 3 large stones at 1145) base (1999) (real photo number 1121) 1479 N S facing section of pit [2071] (real photo number 1455 NE SW facing section thru posthole/pit [2118] (real 1146) photo number 1122) 1480 SE NW facing section of pit [2170] (real photo number 1456 S N facing section of [2108] (real photo number 1123) 1147)

1457 S Close up of clay moulds in-situ within pit [2108] (real 1481 NE Stone at base of [2001] (real photo number 1148) photo number 1124) 1482 E W facing section of corner of poss. Furnace/corn 1458 E W facing section of posthole [2112] (real photo drying kiln [2141] cut [2017] (real photo number number 1125) 1149)

1459 E SW facing section showing stone lining (2132)- 1483 SE NW facing section of […] (real photo number 1152) (2134) (real photo number 1126) 1484 E W facing section of pit […] (real photo number 1460 N S facing section of pits [2122][2124][2126][2128] + 1153) [2130] (real photo number 1127) 1485 NW SE facing section through posthole [2168](real 1461 NW SE facing section of pit [2135] (real photo number photo number 1154) 1128) 1486 NE SW facing section through posthole [2177] (real 1462 NE Mid-ex of W corner of possible furnace/corn drying photo number 1155) kiln [2141]cut [2017] (real photo number 1129) 1487 SE 1/2 section of pit [2186] + stakehole [2188](real 101 1463 NE SW facing section of posthole [2132] (real photo photo number 1156) number 1130) 1488 NW Pre-ex shot of pit [2190](real photo number 1157) 1464 S N facing section of [2108] (real photo number 1131) 1489 NW Pre-ex shot of pit [2192](real photo number 1158) 1465 ID SHOT (film 18) (real photo number 1132) 1490 N S facing section of poss. kiln [2017] (better lighting 1466 N Shot of postholes [2142] + [2144] (real photo conditions) (real photo number 1159) number 1133) 1491 NW Hearth [2199] Gully? [2201] + Pit [2203] and [2205] 1467 S N facing section of pit [2148] (real photo number (real photo number 1160) 1134) 1492 SE NW facing section of [2210] and [2212] (real photo 1468 NE SW facing section of posthole [2146] (real photo number 1161) number 1135) 1493 S N facing section of N. slot through [2017] (real photo 1469 E W facing section of posthole [2150] (real photo number 1162) number 1136) 1494 E W facing section of N. slot through [2017] (real 1470 S General shot of stone lined pits around big stone photo number 1163) (2003) (real photo number 1137) 1495 W E facing section of N. slot through [2017] (real photo 1471 W General shot of stone lined pits around big stone number 1164) (2003) (real photo number 1138) 1656 E Post-ex of cut [1080] (photo number 656) 1472 E General shot of stone lined pits around big stone (2003) (real photo number 11393) 1657 W E facing section of posthole/pit [1111] (photo number 657) 1473 N Post-ex shot of pits [2071][2073][2075] (real photo td 2011 td number 1140) rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Sample register

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

410 1001 Fill of iron furnace [1000] 448 1112 Fill of posthole [1113]

411 1002 Charcoal rich fill of iron furnace [1000] 449 1114 Fill of posthole [1115]

412 1010 Fill of posthole [1009] 450 1120 Fill of pit [1119]

413 1003 Fill of pit/post [1004] 451 1122 Fill of posthole [1121]

414 1012 Fill of posthole [1011] 452 1126 Fill of posthole [1127]

415 1005 Fill of pit cut [1006] 453 1135 Fill of posthole [1134]

416 1014 Fill of posthole [1013] 454 1138 Fill of posthole [1136]

417 1015 Fill of small pit [1016] 455 1130 Fill of pit/posthole [1131]

418 1017 Fill of small pit [1018] 456 1109 Fill of posthole [1107] ST1

419 1023 Fill of posthole [1024] 457 1117 Post-pipe in posthole [1116] ST1

420 1034 Fill of pit [1033] 458 1124 Post-pipe in posthole [1124] ST1

421 1029 Fill of posthole [1027] 459 1140 Fill of posthole [1139] ST1

422 1032 Fill of posthole [1030] 460 1142 Fill of posthole [1141]

423 1040 Fill of pit [1039] 461 1143 Fill of posthole [1144]

424 1042 Fill of possible hearth [1041] 462 1145 Fill of posthole [1146]

425 1045 Upper fill of pit [1048] 463 1147 Fill of posthole [1148]

426 1046 Middle fill of pit [1048] 464 1149 Fill of posthole [1150]

427 1047 Primary fill of pit [1048] charcoal rich 465 1151 Fill of posthole [1152]

102 428 1056 Fill of pit [1055] 466 1153 Fill of posthole [1154]

429 1058 Fill of pit [1057] 467 1157 Fill of posthole [1155]

430 1059 Fill of posthole [1060] 468 1159 Fill of posthole [1158]

431 1061 Fill of posthole [1062] 469 1161 Fill of posthole [1160]

432 1063 Fill of posthole [1064] 470 1163 Fill of posthole [1162]

433 1069 Fill of pit [1070] 471 1165 Fill of posthole [1164]

434 1071 Fill of pit [1072] 472 1167 Fill of posthole [1166]

435 1093 Charcoal rich fill of pit [1092] 473 1169 Fill of posthole [1168]

436 1095 Charcoal rich fill of pit [1094] 474 1171 Fill of posthole [1170]

437 1097 Charcoal rich fill of pit [1096] 475 1173 Fill of posthole [1172]

438 1104 Charcoal rich fill of pit [1103] 476 1175 Fill of posthole [1174]

439 1083 Charcoal rich fill of pit [1081] 477 1177 Fill of posthole [1176]

440 1085 Fill of pit [1084] 478 1179 Fill of posthole [1178]

441 1073 Fill of posthole [1074] 479 1182 Fill of pit [1183]

442 1075 Charcoal rich fill of [1077] 480 1073 Fill of posthole [1074]

443 1076 Primary fill of cut [1077] 481 1069 Fill of pit/post [1070]

444 1078 Upper fill of cut [1080] 482 1071 Fill of pit/post [1072]

445 1079 Primary fill of cut [1080] 483 1185 Fill of pit [1084]

446 1103 Fill of pit [1102] 484 1187 Fill of pit [1086]

447 1110 Fill of pit/post [1111] 485 1189 Fill of posthole [1090] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

486 1195 Fill of posthole [1094] 525 1266 Fill of pit [1238]

487 1216 Fill of posthole [1191] 526 1267 Fill of pit [1268]

488 1215 Fill of posthole [1214] 527 1270 Fill of pit [1271]

489 1219 Fill of posthole [1218] 528 1274 Fill of pit [1269]

490 1221 Fill of pit [1220] 529 1279 Fill of posthole [1280]

491 1192 Fill of layer [1192] 530 1282 Fill of pit [1281]

492 1193 Fill of layer [1193] 531 1284 Fill of pit [1283]

493 1196 Fill of posthole [1197] 532 1272 Upper fill of pit [1269]

494 1198 Fill of posthole [1199] 533 1273 Middle fill of pit [1269]

495 1200 Fill of posthole [1201] 534 1275 Lower fill of pit [1269]

496 1202 Fill of posthole [1203] 535 1276 Basal fill of pit [1269]

497 1204 Fill of posthole [1205] 536 1286 Fill of pit [1285]

498 1206 Fill of posthole [1207] 537 1289 Fill of small pit [1288]

499 1208 Fill of posthole [1209] 538 1291 Fill of pit [1290]

500 1210 Layer [1210] 539 1299 Fill of pit [1298]

501 1211 Fill of posthole [1212] 540 1295 Fill of pit [1294]

502 1221 Organic deposit at bottom of possible tree 541 1293 Fill of pit [1292] throw [1222] 542 1301 Fill of pit [1302] 503 1223 Fill of [1222] 543 1307 Fill of pit [1308] 504 1233 Fill of [1232] 544 1309 Fill of pit [1310] 103 505 0 Void 545 1317 Fill of pit [1318] 506 0 Void 546 1319 Fill of pit [1320] 507 1226 Fill of channel cut [1227] 547 1321 Fill of pit [1322] 508 1228 Fill of pit cut [1229] 548 1324 Fill of pit [1323] 509 1230 Fill of pit [1231] 549 1326 Fill of pit [1325] 510 1235 Fill of posthole [1234] 550 1327 Fill of pit [1325] 511 1239 Fill of pit [1238] 551 1332 Fill of pit [1333] 512 1237 Fill of stone feature [1236] 552 1335 Fill of pit [1334] 513 1240 Layer of pit [1238] 553 1336 Fill of pit [1337] 514 1241 Primary fill of pit [1231] 554 1339 Fill of pit [1338] 515 1242 Fill of pit [1243] 555 1340 Upper fill of pit [1342] 516 1124 Fill of pit [1123] 556 1341 Primary fill of pit [1342] 517 1245 Fill of posthole [1244] 557 1343 Fill of pit [1338] 518 1247 Fill of posthole [1246] 558 1345 Fill of pit 1344 519 1252 Fill of burnt pit [1251] 559 1347 Fill of possible tree throw [1346] td 2011 td 520 1254 Fill of pit [1253] 560 1297 Fill of large pit [1296] 521 1259 Fill of posthole [1258] 561 1348 Fill of pit [1344] 522 1261 Fill of possible pit [1260] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 562 1348 Charcoal sample from pit [1344] 523 1263 Fill of poss. pit [1262] 563 1350 Fill of pit [1349] 524 1264 Fill of small burnt pit [1264] © H eadland A Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

564 1358 Fill of [1359] 762 1422 Fill of small pit [1421]

565 1355 Fill of pit [1354] 763 1438 Fill of stakehole [1437]

566 1329 Fill of pit [1328] 764 1440 Fill of pit [1439]

567 1304 Fill of pit [1303] 765 1446 Fill of pit [1445]

568 1360 Fill of pit [1361] 766 1448 Fill of pit [1447]

569 1348 Fill of pit [1344] inc. charcoal 767 1450 Fill of pit [1449]

570 1343 Fill of cut [1342] 768 1453 Fill of pit inc. charcoal & burnt bone

571 1364 layer of [1362] 769 1455 Fill of post-hole [1454]

572 1368 Layer of [1367] 770 1443 Fill of [1444] inc. charcoal

732 1357 Upper fill of cut 1356] 771 1457 Fill of pit [1456]

733 1369 Lower fill of cut [1356] 772 1426 Fill of pit [1425]

734 1371 Fill of pit [1370] 773 1430 Fill of pit [1425]

735 1331 Fill of pit [1298] 774 1467 Fill of pit [1466]

736 1299 Fill of pit [1298] 775 1468 Fill of pit [1466] inc. charcoal

737 1316 Upper fill of pit [1315] 776 1469 Fill of post-hole [1470]

738 1330 Lower fill of pit [1315] 777 1471 Primary fill of pit [1466]

739 1381 Fill of pit [1380] 778 1473 Fill of pit [1472]

740 1306 Fill of pit [1305] 779 1464 Fill of pit inc. carbonized material + pot

741 1373 Fill of pit [1372] 780 1479 Brown sandy fill inc. carbonized material + pot 104 742 1375 Fill of pit [1374] 781 1476 Fill of pit [1475] 743 1377 Fill of pit [1376] 782 1366 Fill of pit [1365] 744 1378 Layer of pit [1376] 783 1425 Fill from below quern stone SF 244 745 1383 Fill of pit [1382] 784 1426 Fill from base of fill 1426 inc. charcoal 746 1385 Fill of pit [1384] 785 1482 Upper fill of pit [1481] 747 1389 Fill of pit [1388] 786 1483 Lower fill of pit [1481] 748 1390 Layer of pit [1388] 787 1487 Fill of pit cut [1486] 749 1392 Fill of pit [1393] 788 1489 Primary fill of pit [1488] 750 1394 Fill of pit [1395] 789 1490 Upper fill of pit [1488] 751 1381 Fill of [1380] inc. charcoal 790 1485 Fill of gully feature [1484] 752 1403 Fill of post-hole cut [1404] 791 1493 Fill of post-hole [1492] 753 1405 Fill of post-hole cut [1406] 792 1495 Fill of pit [1494] 754 1402 Fill of pit [1401] 793 1497 Fill of post-hole [1496] 755 1408 Fill of pit [1407] 794 1499 Fill of post-hole [1498] 756 1412 Fill of post-hole [1411] 795 1501 Fill of post-hole [1500] 757 1414 Fill of pit [1413] 796 1502 Lower fill of post-hole [1500] 758 1410 Fill of pit [1409] 797 1505 Fill of post-hole [1504] 759 1416 Fill of post-hole [1415] 798 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 760 1419 Fill of post-hole [1418] 799 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 761 1399 Fill of pit [1409] inc. charcoal, cracked stone, pottery 800 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

801 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 835 1578 Secondary fill of feature [1576]

802 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 836 1581 Secondary fill of feature [1596]

803 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 837 1584 Secondary fill of [1582]

804 1509 Sample from [1509]same as (1379) east quad 838 1587 Secondary fill of [1585]

805 1506 Sample from S Quad of structure (1379) 839 1588 Fill of post-hole [1589] (1506) 840 1592 Fill of post-hole [1593] 806 1506 Sample from S Quad of structure (1379) (1506) 841 1594 Fill of post-hole [1595]

807 1506 Sample from S Quad of structure (1379) 842 1611 Secondary fill of feature [1598] (1506) 843 1601 Fill of cut [1600] 808 1506 Sample from S Quad of structure (1379) (1506) 844 1612 Fill of post-hole [1613]

809 1506 Sample from S Quad of structure (1379) 845 1614 Fill of post-hole [1615] (1506) 846 1616 Fill of post-hole [1617] 810 1431 Lower fill of pit [1425] 847 1618 Fill of post-hole [1619] 811 1508 Fill of pit [1507] 848 1623 Fill of post-hole [1622] 812 1506 Sample from W Quad of structure (1379) 849 1624 Fill of post-hole [1622] (1506) 850 1625 Fill of post-hole [1622] 813 1506 Sample from W Quad of structure (1379) (1506) 851 1513 Fill of ring-ditch, section C

814 1506 Sample from W Quad of structure (1379) 852 1513 Fill of ring-ditch, section A (1506) 853 1513 Fill of ring-ditch, section B 815 1506 Sample from W Quad of structure (1379) (1506) 854 1636 Layer in ring-ditch {1512], Section B inc, 105 charcoal 816 1506 Sample from W Quad of structure (1379) (1506) 855 1631 Fill of post-hole [1619]

817 1517 Fill from feature [1515] 856 1632 Fill of post-hole [1619]

818 1526 Fill of pit [1524] 857 1636 Fill of hearth [1636]

819 1525 Fill of pit [1524] 858 1640 Fill of post-hole [1639]

820 1513 Fill of ring-ditch cut [1512] 859 1644 Fill of post-hole [1643]

821 1513 Fill of ring-ditch cut [1512] 860 1646 Fill of post-hole [1645]

822 1379 Layer of material 861 1650 Fill of cut [1650]

823 1528 Fill of pit [1527] 862 1652 Fill of cut [1651]

824 1530 Fill of cut [1529] 863 1654 Fill of post-hole [1653]

825 1540 Fill of cut [1539] 864 1656 Fill of post-hole [1655]

826 1542 Fill of cut [1541] 865 1663 Fill of post-hole [1664]

827 1544 Fill of cut [1543] 866 1660 Fill of post-hole [1661]

828 1555 Fill of cut [1554] 867 1658 Fill of cut [1635] inc. charcoal

829 1557 Fill of cut [1556] 868 1665 Fill of post-hole td 2011 td 830 1559 Fill of cut [1558] 869 1668 Fill from linear feature

831 1562 Fill of cut [1560] 870 1673 Fill of post-hole [1674]

832 1564 Fill of cut [1563] 871 1675 Fill of post-hole [1676] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 833 1571 Fill of cut [1570] 872 1678 Fill of pit [1677]

834 1573 Fill of cut [1572] 873 1683 Fill of pit [1682] © H eadland A Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

874 1685 Fill of post-hole [1684] 913 1513 Kubiena sample

875 1686 Fill of post-hole [1685] 914 1749 Fill of cut [1750] 2 x 10ltr

876 1516 Deposit of stone feature [1679] 915 1751 Fill of cut [1752]

877 1516 Deposit of stone feature [1679] 916 1513 Fill of ring-ditch, Area D

878 1692 Fill of post-hole [1694] 917 1513 Fill of ring-ditch, Area D

879 1694 Fill of pit [1693] 918 1513 Fill of ring-ditch , Area D

880 1695 Secondary fill of cut [1667] 919 1553 Fill of cut [1554] 3 x 10 ltr

881 1696 Secondary fill of cut [1667] 920 1725 Fill of cut [1723]

882 1699 Fill of pit [1698] 921 1789 Fill of cut [1622]

883 1697 Fill of pit [1676] 922 1790 Fill of cut [1622]

884 1700 Fill of pit [1702] 923 1772 Fill of pit [1771]

885 1701 Fill of pit [1702] 924 1774 Lower fill of pit [1773]

886 1703 Fill of pit [1704] 925 1788 Upper fill of pit [1773]

887 1705 Fill of pit [1705] 926 1778 Fill of cut [1777]

888 1544 Fill of pit [1543] 927 1780 Fill of cut [1779]

889 1709 Fill of post-hole [1708] 928 1782 Lower fill of cut [1781]

890 1712 Fill of post-hole [1713] 929 1783 Upper fill of cut [1781]

891 1714 Fill of pit [1715] 930 1785 Fill of cut [1784]

892 1717 Fill of post-hole [1716] 931 1787 Fill of cut [1786]

106 893 1719 Fill of pit [1718] 932 1794 Fill of cut [1795]

894 1721 Fill of pit [1720] 933 1820 Fill of cut [1819]

895 1722 Fill of pit [1720] inc. charcoal 934 1513 Fill of cut [1512]

896 1724 Fill of pit [1723] 935 1825 Fill of post-hole [1826]

897 1727 Fill of pit [1726] 936 1829 Fill of post-hole [1830]

898 1728 Fill of pit [1729] 937 1831 Fill of post-hole [1832]

899 1730 Fill of pit [1731] 938 1756 Fill of pit [1755]

900 1688 Fill of pit [1687] 939 1806 Fill of pit [1805]

901 1634 Fill of pit [1633] 940 1808 Fill of pit [1807]

902 1733 Fill of pit [1732] 941 1810 Fill of pit [1809]

903 1734 Fill of pit [1732] 942 1812 Fill of post-hole [1811]

904 1707 Fill of pit [1700] 943 1833 Fill of ard marks [1791] Structure 5

905 1736 Fill of cut [1736] inc. charcoal 944 1837 Fill of cut [1836], S terminus

906 1737 Fill of cut [1737] 945 1837 Fill of cut [1836], center

907 1738 Fill of pit [1739] 946 1837 Fill of cut [1836], N terminus

908 1545 Fill of post-hole [1544] 947 1839 Fill of linear cut [1838], S. terminus

909 1741 Fill of pit [1740] 948 1839 Fill of linear cut [1838], center

910 1743 Fill of pit [1742] 949 1839 Fill of linear cut [1838], N. terminus

911 1746 Fill of pit [1745] 950 1840 Fill of cut [1832]

912 1748 Fill of pit [1747] 951 1757 Fill of post-hole [1759] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

952 1758 Fill of post-hole [1759] 991 1894 Fill of pit [1893]

953 1760 Fill of cut [1761] 992 1895 Fill of pit [1896]

954 1762 Fill of cut [1763] 993 1907 Fill of post-hole [1909]

955 1764 Fill of cut [1765] 994 1908 Fill of post-hole [1909]

956 1766 Fill of cut [1767] 995 1910 Fill of post-hole [1911]

957 1768 Burnt deposit on top of [1770] 996 1898 Fill of post-hole [1897]

958 1769 Fill of pit [1770] 997 1900 Fill of post-hole [1899]

959 1823 Primary fill of pit [1770] 998 1902 Fill of post-hole [1901]

960 1828 Basal fill of pit [1770] 999 1904 Fill of post-hole [1903]

961 1842 Fill of cut [1841] 1000 1906 Fill of post-hole [1905]

962 1825 Fill of post-hole [1826] 1001 1921 Fill of pit [1920]

963 1843 Basal layer of stone feature [1819] 1002 1923 Fill of pit [1922]

964 1835 Fill of cut [1834] 1003 1924 Secondary fill of pit [1922]

965 1816 Fill of cut [1815] 1004 1925 Fill of pit [1926]

966 1845 Fill of pit [1844] 1005 1928 Fill of pit [1927]

967 1848 Fill of pit 1[1847] 1006 1930 Fill of pit [1929]

968 1851 Fill of linear feature [1850] 1007 1932 Fill of pit [1931]

969 1852 Fill of linear feature [1850] 1008 1912 Fill of pit [1913]

970 1853 Fill of linear feature [1850] 1009 1914 Fill of pit [1915]

971 1855 Fill of post-hole [1854] 1010 1916 Fill of pit [1917] 107

972 1857 Fill of post-hole [1856] 1011 1918 Fill of pit [1919]

973 1859 Fill of post-hole [1858] 1012 1934 Fill of pit [1933]

974 1861 Fill of post-hole [1860] 1013 1935 Fill of cut [1869]

975 1862 Fill of pit [1863] 1014 0 Void

976 0 Void 1015 1938 Fill of cut [1937]

977 1867 Fill of pit [1866] 1016 1940 Fill of post-hole [1939]

978 1849 Spread around stone 1017 1942 Primary fill of post-hole [1941]

979 1874 Fill of pit [1873] 1018 1943 Secondary fill of post-hole [1941]

980 1876 Fill of pit [1875] 1019 1945 Fill of pit [1944]

981 1872 Fill of pit [1866] 1020 1947 Fill of pit [1946]

982 1871 Fill of post-hole [1870] 1021 1949 Fill of post-hole [1948]

983 1879 Fill of post-hole [1880] 1022 1950 Fill of post-hole [1951]

984 1881 Fill of post-hole [1882] 1023 1952 Fill of post-hole [1953]

985 1883 Fill of post-hole [1884] 1024 1955 Primary fill of [1954]

986 1885 Fill of post-hole [1886] 1025 1956 Secondary fill of [1954] inc. charcoal td 2011 td 987 1887 Fill of post-hole [1888] 1026 1958 Void

988 1889 Fill of post-hole [1890] 1027 1960 Fill of tree bowl [1959] rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 989 1891 Fill of post-hole [1892] 1028 1961 Fill of pit [1962]

990 1878 Fill of pit [1877] 1029 1963 Fill of pit [1965] © H eadland A Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

1030 1966 Fill of pit [1967] 1069 2035 Fill of post-hole [2034]

1031 1973 Fill of post-hole [1974] 1070 2023 Fill of pit [2028]

1032 1968 Fill of pit [1971] + [1972] 2 x 10 ltrs 1071 2005 Matrix around stone deposit

1033 1969 Fill of cut [1971] 1072 2039 Fill of post-hole [2038]

1034 1970 Fill of cut [1972] 1073 2042 Fill of pit [2041]

1035 1974 Fill of pit [1975] 1074 2043 Layer in NW arm of enclosure [2016]

1036 1977 Fill of post-hole [1978] 1075 2044 Primary fill of NW arm of enclosure [2016]

1037 1980 Primary fill of pit [1979] 1076 2045 Charcoal layer

1038 1985 Secondary fill of pit [1979] 1077 2046 Fill of pit [2053]

1039 1984 Fill of post-hole [1983] 1078 2054 Fill of pit [2053]

1040 1987 Fill of post-hole [1983] 1079 2037 Fill of pit [2036]

1041 1982 Fill of post-hole [1981] 1080 2056 Fill of pit [2036]

1042 1986 Fill of post-hole [1981] 1081 2049 Primary fill of cut [2040]

1043 1988 Fill of post-hole [1989] 1082 2050 Secondary fill of cut [2040]

1044 1990 Fill of post-hole [1991] 1083 2051 Tertiary fill of cut [2040]

1045 1992 Fill of post-hole [1993] 1084 2052 Fourth fill of cut [2040]

1046 1994 Fill of post-hole [1995] 1085 2062 Fill of post-hole [2061]

1047 1996 Fill of post-hole [1998] 1086 2064 Fill of pit [2063]

1048 1999 Fill of cut [2000] 2 x 10 ltrs 1087 2066 Fill of pit [2065]

108 1049 2002 Fill of cut [2004] 1088 2088 Fill of pit cut [2087]

1050 1868 Fill of pit [1869] 1089 2089 Upper fill of furnace [2017]

1051 2006 Fill of post-hole [2007] 1090 2090 Middle fill of furnace [2017]

1052 2008 Fill of post-hole [2009] 1091 2091 Orange layer of furnace [2017]

1053 2022 Fill of post-hole [2021] 1092 2092 Charcoal rich layer of furnace [2017]

1054 2022 Fill of post-hole [2021] 1093 2086 Fill of post-hole [2085]

1055 2023 Fill of cut [2021] inc. charcoal 1094 2097 Fill of post hole [2096]

1056 2013 Fill of post-hole [2012] 1095 2094 Primary fill of cut [2093]

1057 2014 Fill of post-hole [2012] 1096 2095 Secondary fill of cut [2093]

1058 2022 Fill of cut [2021] 1097 2107 Fill of pit [2106]

1059 2022 Fill of cut [2021] 1098 2111 Fill of pit [2110]

1060 2022 Fill of cut [2021] 1099 2119 Fill of post-hole [2118]

1061 2028 Fill of cut [1227] 1100 2109 Fill of cut [2108]

1062 2022 Fill of cut [2021] 1101 2109 Fill of cut [2108]

1063 2022 Fill of cut [2021] 1102 2109 Fill of cut [2108]

1064 0 Void 1103 2120 Fill of cut [2108]

1065 0 Void 1104 2120 Fill of cut [2108]

1066 2029 Fill of pit [2031] 1105 2105 Burnt fill of cut [2104]

1067 2032 Fill of post-hole [2033] 1106 2113 Burnt fill of cut [2112]

1068 2037 Fill of pit [2036] 1107 2047 Charcoal rich fill of cut [2048] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

1108 2002 Fill of cut [2004] from N corner of [2003] 1144 2195 Kubiena sample from cut [2017] S facing section 1109 2024 Fill of cut [2028] N half 2 x 10 ltr 1145 2196 Kubiena sample from cut [2017] S facing 1110 2134 Fill of post-hole [2132] section

1111 2123 Fill of cut [2122] 1146 2197 Kubiena sample from cut [2017] S facing section 1112 2125 Fill of cut [2124] 1147 2198 Kubiena sample from cut [2017] S facing 1113 2127 Fill of cut [2126] section

1114 2129 Fill of cut [2128] 1148 2261 Fill of post-hole [2260]

1115 2131 Fill of cut [2130] 1149 2263 Fill of pit [2262]

1116 2136 Fill of pit [2135] 1150 2273 Fill of pit [2272]

1117 2137 Fill of pit [2135] 1151 2277 Fill of pit [2276]

1118 2138 Fill of pit [2135] 1152 2279 Fill of pit [2278]

1119 2139 Fill of pit [2135] 1153 2283 Fill of pit [2284]

1120 2147 Fill of post-hole [2146] 1154 2291 Fill of cut [2292]

1121 2156 Fill of post-hole [2155] 1155 2293 Fill of cut [2294

1122 2169 Fill of post-hole [2168] 1156 2295 Fill of cut [2296]

1123 2154 Fill of cut [2153] 1157 2288 Fill of cut [2287]

1124 2173 Fill of cut [2172] 1158 2290 Fill of cut [2289]

1125 2074 Fill of pit [2073] 1159 2299 Fill of cut [2298]

1126 2076 Fill of pit [2075] 1160 2301 Fill of cut [2300]

1127 2176 Fill of pit [2001] 1161 2308 Fill of cut [2309] 109

1128 2178 Fill of post-hole [2177] 1162 2306 Fill of cut [2307]

1129 2181 Fill of pit [2179] 1163 2310 Fill of cut [2304]

1130 2089 Fill of cut [2188] 1164 2311 Fill of cut [2305]

1131 2194 Middle fill of furnace cut [2141] / [2017] 1165 2244 Fill of cut [2245] brown layer 1166 2258 Fill of post-hole [2259] 1132 2195 Middle fill of furnace cut [2141] / [2017] charcoal layer 1167 2314 Area of heated sand

1133 2196 Middle fill of furnace cut [2141] / [2017] 1168 2318 Fill of post-hole [2317] yellow layer 1169 2327 Fill of cut [2322] 1134 2197 Middle fill of furnace cut [2141] / [2017] light pink layer 1170 2326 Fill of cut [2323]

1135 2198 Middle fill of furnace cut [2141] / [2017] 1171 2325 Fill of cut [2324] orange layer 1172 2319 Fill of pit [2321] 1136 2200 Hearth cut [2199] 1173 2320 Fill of pit [2321] 1137 2241 Burnt out tree bowl ? 1174 2345 Secondary fill of cut [2304] 1138 2247 Fill of post-hole [2245] 1175 2346 Secondary fill of cut [2322] 1139 2243 Fill of cut [2242]

td 2011 td 1176 2347 Fill of cut [2348] 1140 2208 Fill of post-hole [2207] 1177 2349 Packing fill of post-hole [2324] 1141 2209 Packing fill of post-hole [2207] 1178 2352 Fill of cut [2353]

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1142 2255 Fill of pit [2254] 1179 2328 Upper layer of cut [2252] 1143 2194 Kubiena sample from cut [2017] S facing section 1180 2350 Primary fill of cut [2019] © H eadland A Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

1181 2358 Secondary fill of cut [2019] 1220 2425 Fill of cut [2426]

1182 2357 Primary fill of pit [2356] 1221 2432 Fill of pit [2331]

1183 2360 Fill of pit [2359] 1222 2312 Upper fill of cut [2020]

1184 2362 Fill of pit [2361] 1223 2313 Lower fill of cut [2030]

1185 2364 Fill of feature [2363] 1224 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1186 2348 Fill of cut [2367] 1225 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1187 2335 Fill of cut [2336] 1226 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1188 2354 Fill of cut [2355] 1227 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1189 2371 Topsoil layer around cut [2359] 1228 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1190 2376 Fill of pit [2369] 1229 2397 Kubiena tin sample of cut [2397]

1191 2386 Fill of pit [2387] 1230 2433 Fill of cut

1192 2381 Fill of cut [2380] 1231 2389 Fill of cut

1193 2382 Fill of cut [2379] 1232 2434 Fill of cut

1194 2383 Fill of cut [2379] 1233 2435 Upper fill of cut [2437]

1195 2384 Primary fill of cut [2378] 1234 2424 orange fill of cut [2437]

1196 2385 Secondary fill of cut [2378] 1235 2436 Charcoal rich fill of cut [2437]

1197 2373 Fill of pit [2321] 1236 Fill of kiln cut [2397]

1198 2374 Fill of pit [2321] 1237 Fill of kiln cut [2397]

1199 2391 Fill of cut [2390] 1238 Fill of kiln cut [2397]

110 1200 2392 Packing fill of cut [2390] 1239 Fill of kiln cut [2397]

1201 2393 Fill of cut [2394] 1240 0 Void

1202 2411 Fill of pit [2412] 1241 2445 Fill of slot [2444]

1203 2398 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1242 2447 Fill of slot [2446]

1204 2402 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1243 2439 Fill of cut [2438]

1205 2403 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1244 2441 Fill of cut [2440]

1206 2406 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1245 2449 Fill of cut [2448]

1207 2407 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1246 2451 Fill of cut [2450]

1208 2399 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1247 2453 Fill of cut [2453]

1209 2400 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1248 2002 Fill of pit [2004]

1210 2401 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1249 2455 Fill of slot [2454]

1211 2404 Fill of kiln cut [2397] 1250 2443 Fill of cut [2442]

1212 2395 Fill of pit [2396] 1251 2458 Fill of cut [2437]

1213 2414 Fill of cut [2415] 1252 2459 Fill of cut [2437]

1214 2422 Fill of cut [2416] 1253 2465 Fill of cut [2464] from Quad B upper

1215 2420 Fill of cut [2423] 1254 2466 Fill of cut [2464] from Quad B upper

1216 2421 Fill of cut [2423] 1255 2463 Fill of cut [2462]

1217 2427 Fill of cut [2430] 1256 2465 Fill of cut [2464]

1218 2428 Fill of cut [2430] 1257 2466 Fill of cut [2464] 2 x 10 ltrs

1219 2429 Fill of cut [2430] 1258 2467 Fill of cut [2468] inc. charcoal Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

1259 2470 Lower fill of pit [2469] quad B 1283 2515 Fill of pit [2481]

1260 2472 Fill of cut [2471] 1284 2516 Fill of pit [2481]

1261 2466 Fill of pit [2464] Quad B inc. shell 1285 2517 Fill of pit [2481]

1262 2470 Fill of cut [2464] 1286 2518 Fill of pit [2481]

1263 2473 Fill of cut [2474] 1287 2519 Fill of pit [2481]

1264 2476 Fill of stone feature [2469] 1288 2520 Fill of pit [2481]

1265 2477 Fill of pit [2478] 1289 2521 Fill of pit [2481]

1266 2480 Fill of pit [2479] 1290 2522 Fill of pit [2481]

1267 2483 Fill of pit [2482] 1291 2523 Fill of pit [2481]

1268 2485 Fill of pit [2484] 1292 2524 Fill of pit [2481]

1269 2487 Fill of pit [2486] 1293 2525 Fill of pit [2481]

1270 2465 Upper fill of pit [2464] 1294 2526 Fill of pit [2481]

1271 2472 Upper fill of pit [2471] 1295 2530 Layer of fill beneath stone in pit [2481]

1272 2478 Lower fill of pit [2471] 1296 2215 Fill of pit [2214]

1273 2493 Fill of cut [2492] 1297 2217 Fill of post-hole [2216]

1274 2495 Fill of cut [2494] 1298 2219 Fill of post-hole [2220]

1275 2501 Fill of cut [2500] 1299 2221 Fill of post-hole [2222]

1276 2503 Fill of cut [2502] 1300 2223 Fill of post-hole [2224]

1277 2504 Fill of cut [2502] 1301 2225 Fill of post-hole [2226]

1278 2505 Fill of cut [2506] 1302 2228 Fill of cut [2227] 111

1279 2507 Fill of cut [2508] 1303 2230 Fill of cut [2229]

1280 2509 Lower fill of pit [2478] 1304 2233 Fill of cut [2234]

1281 2513 Fill of pit [2481] 1305 2237 Fill of cut [2238]

1282 2514 Fill of pit [2481] 1306 2239 Fill of cut [2240]

Drawing register

Drawing no. Type Scale Description Drawing no. Type Scale Description

511 Section 1:10 NW facing section [1000] 522 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1055] and [1057]

512 Plan 1:10 Mid-ex plan [1000] 523 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1081] and [1084] 513 Plan 1:10 Post-ex plan [1000] 524 Section 1:10 N Facing section of pit [1074] 514 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1006] 525 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit [1074] 515 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1006] 526 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [1077] 516 Section 1:10 NW facing section of pit [1007] td 2011 td 527 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1077] 517 Section 1:10 S facing section through cut [1048] 528 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1080] 518 Plan 1:20 Plan of 1/2 section of cut [1048] 529 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1080]

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 519 Section 1:10 S facing section of posthole [1027] 530 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1134] and [1136] 520 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1027] 531 Section 1:10 SW facing section of [1155] and [1158]

532 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1116] 571 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1303]

533 Section 1:10 E facing section of post-hole [1104] 572 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1294]

534 Section 1:10 ENE facing section of posthole [1107] 573 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [1294]

535 Section 1:10 E facing section of posthole [1141] 574 Section 1:10 SSE and NNW facing sections of pit [1292] 536 Section 1:10 NNW facing section of [1184] and [1186] 575 Section 1:10 SSW and NNE facing sections of pit [1292] 537 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1194] 576 Section 1:10 NE facing sections of [1294] 538 Section 1:10 SSE facing section of [1191] 577 Section 1:10 SW facing sections of [1294] 539 Section 1:10 NNE facing section of [1220] 578 Plan 1:10 Sketch plan of [1294] (several sections 540 Section 1:10 SSE facing section of slot in [1222] drawn)

541 Section 1:10 NNE facing section of [1232] 579 Section 1:10 NE facing sections of [1308] and [1310]

542 Plan 1:20 Plan of stone feature [1236] 580 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1302]

543 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1238] 581 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1318]

544 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit cut [1231] 582 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1320] and [1322]

545 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1231] 583 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of pit [1315]

546 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1141] 584 Section 1:10 Section of [1325]

547 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1116] 585 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [1338]

548 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1107] 586 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1336]

549 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1191] 587 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1342] 112 550 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1104] 588 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit [1342] 551 Section 1:10 E facing section of posthole [1123] 589 Section 1:10 E-W section of pit [1342]

552 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned posthole [1123] 590 Section 1:10 NE section of pit [1315]

553 Section 1:10 N facing section of posthole [1244] 591 Section 1:10 NW facing section of pit [1349]

554 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1244] 592 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of pit [1354]

555 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1141] 593 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1344]

556 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1123] 594 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of [1354]

557 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1116] 595 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit [1344]

558 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1104] 596 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of [1362]

559 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1192] 597 Section 1:10 N facing section of pit [1359]

560 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of posthole [1107] 598 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [1361]

561 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1248] 599 Plan 1:20 Plan of dark sand spread (1379) (2 PAGE PLAN) 562 Plan 1:20 Plan of half sectioned pit [1248] 600 Section 1:10 Half section of [1367] 563 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1253] 601 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1367] 564 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1255] 602 Section 1:10 Section of [1380] 565 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1246] 603 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1380] 566 Section 1:20 Section of pit [1269] 604 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of pits [1372] 567 Section 1:10 S facing section through cut [1271] [1374] [1376]

568 Plan 1:20 Plan of cut [1271] 605 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of pit [1382]

569 Plan 1:20 Plan of cut [1269] 606 Section 1:10 SW facing section of pit [1384] 570 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1298] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Drawing no. Type Scale Description Drawing no. Type Scale Description

607 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of pit [1386] and 644 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1496] [1388] 645 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1498] 608 Section 1:10 E facing section of cut [1393] 646 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1504] 609 SPACE LEFT EMPTY 647 Plan 1:10 Pre-ex plan of [1507] 610 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit cut [1409] 648 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1507] 611 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit cut [1415] 649 Plan 1:20 [1511] stone feature 612 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit cut [1421] 650 Section 1:10 [1511] stone feature 613 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1418] 651 Plan 1:20 Plan of N quadrants of (1379) 614 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1418] 652 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of S quadrant of structure 5 615 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit cut [1413] 653 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of W quadrant of structure 616 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit cut [1413] 5

617 Section 1:10 W facing section A-B [1400] 654 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1515] slot

618 Section 1:10 S facing section C-D [1400] 655 Section 1:10 SW facing section of [1512] [1515]

619 Section 1:10 S facing section E-F [1400] 656 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1524]

620 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1449] 657 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1524]

621 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [1444] 658 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1524]

622 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1449] 659 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1524]

623 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of pit [1445] 660 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1524]

624 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [1452] 661 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1524] 625 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [1447] 662 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1524] 113 626 Section 1:10 S facing section of possible stakehole 663 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1529] [1437] 664 Section 1:10 section of [1527] 627 Section 1:10 1/4 sections of pit cut [1425] 665 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1539] 628 Section 1:10 1/4 sections of pit cut [1425] 666 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1539] 629 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit cut [1425] 667 Section 1:10 section of [1545] 630 Plan 1:10 Plan of pit [1444] with stone 668 Section 1:10 section of [1554] 631 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1456] 669 Section 1:10 Section of [1556] 632 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1466] 670 Section 1:10 Section of [1547] posthole 633 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1472] 671 Plan 1:20 Plan of S half of structure 5 634 Section 1:10 N facing section of pits [1480] and [1465] 672 Plan 1:20 Plan of possible posthole [1567]

635 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [1481] 673 Section 1:10 Section of possible posthole [1567]

636 Plan 1:10 Plan of [1481] 674 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1560]

637 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit cut [1486] and 675 Section 1:10 Section of possible posthole [1570] [1488] 676 Section 1:10 Section of possible posthole [1572] 638 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit cuts [1486] and [1488] 677 Section 1:10 Section of pit/posthole [1576]

td 2011 td 639 Section 1:10 N facing section of gully feature [1484] 678 Section 1:10 Section of pit/posthole [1579] 640 Section 1:10 S facing section of gully feature [1484] 679 Section 1:10 Section of pit/posthole [1582] 641 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1475] and 680 Section 1:10 Section of posthole [1585]

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L [1477]

642 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of posthole [1492] 681 Section 1:10 Section of possible pit [1574] 682 Section 1:10 Section of posthole [1626]

683 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1590] 719 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1684]

684 Section 1:10 Section of pits [1602] and [1604] 720 Section 1:10 S facing section of posthole [1691]

685 Section 1:10 Section of pits [1606] and [1608] 721 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1691]

686 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1608] 722 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [1693]

687 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1620] 723 Plan 1:20 Plan of sectioned pit [1693]

688 Section 1:10 Section of [1628] 724 Section 1:10 Section of [1667]

689 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1622] 725 Section 1:10 Section of [1667]

690 Plan 1:20 Plan of possible packing stone within 726 Section 1:10 Section of [1667] [1628] 727 Section 1:10 Section of [1667] 691 Section 1:10 Section of posthole [1622] of section C of structure 5 728 Section 1:10 Section of [1667]

692 Section 1:10 NE facing section of slot B of ring-ditch 729 Section 1:10 Section of [1667] [1512] 730 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1702] 693 Section 1:10 W facing section of slot B of ring-ditch [1512] 731 Plan 1:20 Plan of poss. Stone pit (no context number) 694 Section 1:10 SE facing section of slot C of ring-ditch [1512] 732 Plan 1:20 Plan of stone fill within pit [1627]

695 Section 1:10 Section of possible hearth [1635] 733 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1687]

696 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1619] 734 Section 1:10 Section through cuts [1713] and [1715]

697 Plan 1:20 Plan of cut [1619] 735 Section 1:10 Section of pit cuts [1720] and [1723]

698 Section 1:10 W facing section of cut [1633] 736 Section 1:10 Section of posthole [1716] and pit [1718] 699 Section 1:10 W facing section of cut [1637] 114 737 Section 1:10 Section of shallow pit [1726] 700 Section 1:10 N facing section of cut [1512] Section A 738 Section 1:10 Section of pit [1735] 701 Section 1:10 W facing section of cut [1512] Section A 739 Section 1:10 S facing section of posthole cute [1729] 702 Section 1:10 E facing section of posthole cut [1613] 740 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [1732] 703 Section 1:10 E facing section of posthole [1651] 741 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit [1732] 704 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole cut [1651] 742 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1512] 705 Section 1:10 NW facing section of posthole [1645] 743 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1512] 706 Section 1:10 NE facing section of posthole [1639] 744 Section 1:10 SSW facing section of pit [1740] 707 Section 1:10 SW facing section of posthole [1643] 745 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [1739] 708 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [1653] 746 Plan 1:20 Plan of slot D of [1512] 709 Section 1:10 NE facing section of stakehole [1641] 747 Section 1:10 SE facing section of slot at S end of 710 Section 1:10 NE facing section of posthole [1655] structure 5 [1512]

711 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [1660] 748 Section 1:10 NW section of slot at S extent of structure 5 [1512] 712 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1706] 749 Plan 1:20 Plan of slot at S extent of [1512] 713 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1669] 750 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1745] 714 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1671] 751 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1747] 715 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1679] 752 Plan 1:20 Mid- ex plan of pit [1693] showing 716 Section 1:10 E facing section of cut [1679] deposit with small finds number 286

717 Section 1:10 W facing section of cut [1674] and 753 Section 1:20 Section of posthole cut [1622] [1676] 754 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1754] A-B 718 Plan 1:20 Plan of cut [1674] & [1676] 755 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1754] C-D Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Drawing no. Type Scale Description Drawing no. Type Scale Description

756 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [1754] E-F 793 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1915]

757 Section 1:10 E facing section S end of [1754] G-H 794 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1919]

758 Plan 1:20 Stone packing in post-hole [1767] 795 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1917]

759 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [1767] 796 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1958]

760 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1763] 797 Section 1:10 SW facing section of [1953]

761 Section 1:10 NW facing section of (1768) (1769) in 798 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1951] pit [1770] 799 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [1954] 762 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1770] 800 Plan 1:20 Plan of [1953] 763 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1757] 801 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [1979] and 764 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1795] posthole [1981]

765 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1752] 802 Section 1:10 NE facing section of posthole [1983]

766 Section 1:10 NE facing section thru pit [1771] 803 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1998]

767 Section 1:10 E facing section thru pit [1773] 804 Section 1:10 N facing section of [1991]

768 Section 1:10 NNE facing section through posthole 805 Section 1:10 NE facing section of cut [2012] [1779] 806 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [2021] 769 Section 1:10 W facing section through pit [1781] 807 Section 1:10 NE facing section of cuts [1971] + [1972] 770 Section 1:10 S facing section of stone structure [1821] structure 5 808 Plan 1:20 Post ex plan of [2021]

771 Plan 1:20 Plan of stone structure [1821] in 809 Section 1:10 W facing section of [2031] structure 5 810 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [2033] 772 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1813] 811 Plan 1:20 Plan of area around large stone (2003)- 773 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [1797] partially excavated 115

774 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1734] 812 Section 1:10 SE facing section A-B across stone (2003) 775 Section 1:10 SW facing section of [1815] 813 Section 1:10 SW facing section C-D across stone 776 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1832] (2003)

778 Plan 1:20 Plan of posthole [1826] 814 Section 1:10 N facing section of pit [2053]

779 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1826] 815 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [2036]

780 Section 1:10 SW facing section of [1844] 816 Section 1:10 NW facing section of pit [2036]

781 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1830] 817 Section 1:10 SW facing section of pit [2036]

782 Section 1:10 E facing section of [1854] 818 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2036]

783 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1856] 819 Plan 1:20 Plan of pit cut [2040] with quern stone

784 Section 1:10 S facing section of [1860] 820 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2040]

785 Section 1:10 S facing section [1866] 821 Section 1:10 W facing section of slot 3 of terminal enclosure [2016] 786 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [1870] 822 Section 1:10 E facing section of slot 3 of terminal 787 Section 1:10 Half sections of postholes [1897][1899] enclosure [2016] [1901][1903][1905] 823 Section 1:10 NE facing section of slot 2 of terminal 788 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pits [1920][1922] enclosure [2016] td 2011 td 789 Section 1:10 S facing section of postholes [1939] 824 Section 1:10 SW facing section of slot 2 of terminal and [1937] enclosure [2016]

790 Section 1:10 SW facing section of posthole [1941] 825 Section 1:10 N facing section of slot 1 of terminal rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L enclosure [2016] 791 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1869] 826 Section 1:10 S facing section of slot 1 of terminal 792 Section 1:10 W facing section of [1913] enclosure [2016] © H eadland A Drawing no. Type Scale Description Drawing no. Type Scale Description

827 Section 1:10 S + W facing section of corner of 860 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [2305] terminal enclosure [2016] 861 Section 1:10 S facing section of [2020] and W facing 828 Section 1:10 N + E facing section of corner of section of [2017] terminal enclosure [2016] 862 Section 1:10 W facing section thru cut [2307] 829 Plan 1:20 Plan of corner slot of NW terminal [2016] of possible enclosure 863 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [2323] and posthole [2324] 830 Plan 1:20 Pre-ex plan of trio of pits [2071][2073] [2075] 864 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2322]

831 Section 1:10 S & E facing sections of corner of 865 Section 1:10 W facing section of [2252] slot 1 possible furnace [2017] 866 Section 1:10 E facing section of [2252] slot 1 832 Section 1:10 NW facing section of pit [2093] 867 Section 1:10 NW facing section of pit [2359] and 833 Plan 1:20 N facing section of posthole [2108] posthole [2361]

834 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [2112] 868 Section 1:10 E facing section of [2296]

835 Section 1:10 SE facing section of pit [2135] 869 Section 1:10 E facing section of pit [2369] and feature [2370] 836 Section 1:10 N facing section of posthole [2108] 870 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex of cut [2321] 837 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of poss. Furnace/corn drying kiln [2141] 871 Section 1:10 Long section through cut [2321]

838 Section 1:10 W facing section of posthole [2150] 872 Section 1:10 Short section through cut [2321]

839 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2172] and 873 Section 1:10 W facing section of [2380] and [2379] [2153] 874 Section 1:10 SE facing section of [2378] 840 Section 1:10 S facing sections of trio of pits [2071] [2073][2075] 875 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of cut [2321]

841 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [2179] 876 Section 1:10 NW facing section of posthole [2390] 116 842 Plan 1:20 Pre-ex plan of postholes [2190][2192] 877 Section 1:10 Section across kiln [2397] N-S

843 Plan 1:20 Plan of mid-ex showing features around 878 Section 1:10 Section across kiln [2397] W-E (2003) 879 Section 1:10 Section across kiln [2397] W-E 844 Section 1:10 Section across [2048] + (2003) 880 Plan 1:20 Plan of Kiln [2397] 845 Plan 1:20 Post-ex plan of features around (2003) 881 Section 1:10 NW facing section of posthole [2416]. 846 Section 1:10 Section of N-S running of cut [2017] E & 882 Plan 1:20 Post ex of possible entrance (no context W facing sections number) 847 Section 1:10 Section running E-W of cut [2017] N & S 883 Section 1:10 W facing section thru postholes at facing sections possible entrance [2059] 848 Section 1:10 W facing section from middle of slot of 884 Section 1:10 W facing section thru postholes (no cut [2017] number) at possible entrance [2059] 849 Plan 1:20 Concentration of stones (2218) 885 Section 1:10 SW facing section thru curvilinear 850 Section 1:10 NE facing section of posthole [2207] feature [2365] at possible entrance

851 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [1214] 886 Section 1:10 S facing section of [2430]

852 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [2192] 887 Plan 1:20 Plan of 1/2 sectioned [2430]

853 Section 1:10 WNW facing section of pit [2190] 888 Section 1:10 E facing section thru curvilinear feature [2365] 854 Section 1:10 (blank) 889 Section 1:10 W facing section through posthole 855 Section 1:10 (blank) [2059]

856 Section 1:10 N facing section of pit [2254] 890 Plan 1:20 Posthole [2059] showing postpipe

857 Plan 1:20 W facing section of pit [2256] 891 Plan 1:20 Plan of curvilinear feature [2365]

858 Section 1:10 E facing section of cut [2284] 892 Section 1:10 Profile of posthole [2388]

859 Section 1:10 N facing section of pit [2304] 893 Section 1:10 SW facing section through [2437] Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Drawing no. Type Scale Description

894 Section 1:10 SW facing section of slot B of [2438]

895 Section 1:10 NE facing section of [2452]

896 Section 1:10 NE facing section of slot in [2454]

897 Section 1:10 S facing section of palisade slot [2456]

898 Section 1:10 NW facing section of [2437]

899 Plan 1:20 Plan of location of stones in pit [2440]

900 Plan 1:20 Plan of palisade slot [2448]

901 Section 1:10 N facing section of [2448] palisade slot

902 Section 1:10 S facing section of slot [2444]

903 Section 1:10 S facing section of slot [2446]

904 Section 1:10 E facing section of [2462]

905 Plan 1:20 Pre-ex plan of stone feature [2469]

906 Section 1:10 N facing section of stone feature [2469]

907 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of stone lined pit [2481]

908 Section 1:10 S facing section of pit [2469]

909 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2471]

910 Section 1:10 E facing section of pit [2464]

911 Section 1:10 SW facing section of pit [2492]

912 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [2502]

913 Section 1:10 NE facing section of pit [2478] 117

914 Section 1:10 N facing section of pits [2506] and [2508]

915 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of pit [2478] with stony fill

916 Plan 1:20 Mid-ex plan of pits [2506] & [2508]

917 Section 1:10 W facing section of pit [2481] quadrant

918 Section 1:10 WSW facing section of pit [2481] td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Appendix 2 – Finds assessment Age date (Fraser Hunter pers com). The best preserved example shows the impression of a double-edged curving blade with a rounded tip [2120], provisionally identified Introduction as a sickle. The moulds represent an important assemblage This assessment covers the finds assemblages recovered adding significantly to the number of Bronze Age moulds from all of Headland Archaeology’s fieldwork at North known from Scotland. Kessock: Areas 1, 2A, 2B and 3. The finds make up a substantial assemblage, dating from the Neolithic to Metal-working waste the post-medieval periods, though the bulk of the In addition to the moulds described above, a large assemblage is prehistoric. The Neolithic is represented amount of metalworking slags, furnace lining and other by the prehistoric pottery assemblage, the Bronze Age waste material was recovered, spread through a number by a sizeable and important group of piece-moulds for of contexts in Areas 1, 2B and 3. This material was bronze casting and the Iron Age by a number of rotary quantified by weight rather than sherd count and totalled querns and possibly also evidence for iron-working. The 16.665kg. Much of the material appears to relate to Iron Age evidence is concentrated in Area 1, while the iron-working, though has yet to be examined in detail. Neolithic and Bronze Age evidence is centred in Area Amongst these finds are three plano-convex slag cakes. 2B. All are fairly small, dense and are likely to have been produced during smithing. Two of these cakes, as well The bulk of the assemblage consists of prehistoric pottery, as a large concentration of slag was found in Area 3 pit stone tools and metalworking debris. A full database of [2481]. Another find from Area 1, context [541] appears all the finds has been prepared (see Finds Catalogue). to be part of a tuyere.

Included in this section due to the problem of separating Assemblage summary and quantification it from furnace lining material is a large quantity (up to 6.123kg) of burnt daub found in Area 1. Daub impressions Prehistoric pottery within this clay and a lack of metal working residues There are 340 sherds of coarse prehistoric pottery. All indicates this material is likely to be the remains of burnt datable examples are Neolithic but it is possible that some wattle and daub structures. of the undiagnostic sherds may be later in date. A comb- 118 impressed sherd from Area 1, may be of Bronze Age date Coarse stone finds and the clear evidence for Bronze Age activity in Area There were 71 finds of coarse stone tools. These 2B suggests that more of the pottery may belong to that included 16 rotary querns, 14 saddle querns, rubbers, period. hammerstones, whetstones, an anvil, a spindle whorl and a possible cresset lamp. The rotary querns largely replaced One fairly fine unstratified sherd with a gentle carination saddle querns in the late Iron Age and the distribution of may be from an early to middle Neolithic carinated bowl the querns therefore provides useful dating evidence for vessel. It came from the vicinity of pit [1750] in Area 2B, activity in the different areas. The rotary querns were where a saddle quern was also discovered. The pottery found exclusively in Area 1 indicating a late date for from Area 2A also has characteristics typical of Neolithic activity there. Saddle querns and their associated rubbers carinated bowls. were found in all areas, but were particularly concentrated in Area 2. The greatest number were found in Area 2B, Most of the North Kessock pottery has impressed or but the densest concentration was found in Area 2A, incised decoration and heavy, bevelled rims typical where three querns and two rubbers were found in the of Impressed Ware of middle to later Neolithic date same spread ([1192] and [1193]). (MacSween 2001; 2008). Chipped stone finds Ceramic moulds A total of 16 finds of chipped stone were recovered from The site yielded a large collection of 309 fragments of Areas 1 and 2B. Only two of these finds were diagnostic: a piece-moulds. These were found across 19 contexts, scale flaked knife from Area 1 is probably of later Neolithic located in pits in the south of Area 2B. Several contexts or early Bronze Age date; while a small retouched blade is had high concentrations of fragments; these include also likely to date to the Neolithic period. [2022] 115 pieces, [2037] 48 pieces, [2109] 40 pieces, [2120] 35 pieces and [2320] 38 pieces. Metalwork There were ten metal finds, nine of iron, one of copper The moulds are very fragmentary, hindering the alloy. These were concentrated in Area 2B. Several of the identification of the items being cast, but the impressions iron objects are yet to be identified due to thick layers within them are remarkably fresh suggesting these were of corrosion products. Others are readily identifiable deposited shortly after they were used. Preliminary as nails. Two nails came from contexts associated with examination of these moulds suggests a late Bronze the Area 2B roundhouses [1506] and [1516], though it Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

is unclear as yet if these provide dating evidence for the evidence of Bronze Age pottery and possible Iron Age structures or are intrusive. Context [1506] also contained iron slag (Wordsworth 1999, 246-7). Culduthel produced a sherd of post-medieval pottery suggesting some degree a large finds assemblage including Neolithic pottery of later disturbance in this area. The copper alloy find and substantial quantities of Iron Age metalworking was a small fragment of folded sheet, largely undiagnostic debris (Hunter and McLaren 2007). The North Kessock of function or date. finds will add another piece to the complex pattern of prehistoric occupation and industry which is emerging Glass finds for this area. But for a few fragments of clearly modern glass recovered from sample retents, the only glass finds were one The most outstanding part of the assemblage is the small bead. This is a small plain globular example of an collection of ceramic metal casting moulds, provisionally opaque white glass, found in Area 2B context [1485]. It dated to the late Bronze Age. The moulds add is of uncertain date and with no finds associated with it, substantially to the number of Bronze Age metal casting cannot be ascribed to a particular period as yet.. moulds known from Scotland and provide an insight into he nature of the industry and the types of objects Medieval to post-medieval pottery being produced. It is of key importance to establish Five medieval to post-medieval pottery sherds were the nature of the metalworking activity on site at this recovered, dating between the 13th and the 17th centuries. period. There is currently no evidence for Bronze Age All were found in Area 2. Only two were stratified: a smelting in Scotland, with activity largely confined to medieval sherd from context [2088] and a post medieval recasting imported objects. Evidence of moulds found sherd from context [1506]. at sites such as Clad Hallan, Uist and Jarlshof, Shetland suggests this metal recycling was undertaken at or near some settlement sites (Downes 2011, 54). While there is Potential of the finds assemblage an unfortunate lack of any accompanying copper alloy The North Kessock finds represent a substantial body finds, an in depth study of the metalworking ceramics of evidence covering a long period of time. It is unclear and other waste material will be of primary importance. at this stage whether this represents a long continuous They can inform not only on metal technology and the occupation or different discrete periods of activity. The type of wares produced on site, but with reference to character of the finds assemblages from the different the other archaeological evidence gleaned at the site can excavated areas was markedly different and suggests that demonstrate the social context of metalworking during 119 the focus of settlement shifted between one period and the this period. How is the metalworking related to the next. Neolithic and Bronze Age finds were concentrated evidence for agriculture and settlement To what extent in Area 2B, while activity in Area 1 can be dated to the is this an industrial site or a domestic site and is this late Iron Age or later. A lesser quantity of finds was found distinction even relevant during this period? in Area 2A, but these appear to be similar in nature and dating to those from Area 2B. Area 3 is more mixed, The later iron-working waste material is also of some with some finds pointing towards the Bronze Age, but interest. Dating for this activity has yet to be established. a large quantity of iron-working waste also indicating If it emerges that this is of Iron Age date then it adds to later activity. Further analysis of the finds in conjunction the evidence from Culduthel Mains Farm (Murray 2007) with radiocarbon analysis should establish a firmer site for a substantial iron-working industry in the area at this chronology. period.

The finds also have the potential to illustrate the function The 31 querns, with associated rubbers and other coarse of the site at these various periods. At present the stone tools also represent a substantial assemblage. This Neolithic activity appears to be entirely domestic while allows a comparison of wear patterns and raw material the late Bronze Age and activity seems to be largely of selection and possibly import over a substantial period an industrial nature, while the late Iron Age or later of time. This provides evidence for the agricultural, assemblage is dominated by rotary querns which may culinary and industrial uses of these tools, as well as some indicate a return to domestic or agricultural activity. insight into the trade network which supplied the site. Further analysis in conjunction with environmental, They may also provide some evidence towards the debate stratigraphic and spatial analysis is needed in order to on the dating of the arrival of rotary querns in Scotland, establish if these patterns are real or perceived. known as the ‘quern replacement horizon’. td 2011 td

Several comparable sites in wider area, provide a broader There is also the potential to explore the ritual side context for the North Kessock assemblage. Culduthel to the use and deposition of finds at the site. A ritual

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L (Murray 2007) and Balloan Park (Wordsworth 1999) association with both quernstones and metalworking has are both situated to the south of North Kessock, just been inferred from other sites (Downes 2011, 78-80). It south of Inverness and were similarly dated between would be worth exploring how and where these finds

© H eadland A the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Balloan Park produced have been deposited. The prehistoric pottery provides a good body of evidence. fragments have gone as yet unidentified and are currently The Neolithic wares provide diagnostic vessel forms and classified as daub. This material should be assessed for decoration, adding to the existing evidence for early further mould fragments. A reconstruction of the moulds pottery production in the area gleaned from sites such will allow inferences to be made about the site’s economy. as Culduthel Main Farm (Sheridan 2010). It is also likely Were metal objects being made to supply the needs of that some of the pottery belongs to the later periods of this settlement alone, or for a wider market? They could activity. The pottery industry of this later prehistoric also provide dating evidence by comparison to known period is dominated by less distinctive vessel types and metalwork typologies of this period. further analysis of the assemblage in conjunction with other dating evidence will be needed to pin point which The moulds can reveal fine detail about the processes sherds belong to this phase. The pottery can also help us to involved in metal-working. The moulds should be understand the nature of the settlement and the activities studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy undertaken there and how these changed over time. and thin section analysis. This will reveal any residues Vessel size, forms, sooting patterns and other use wear adhering to the moulds. Were all the moulds used for provide clues to the uses to which these vessels were put. bronze casting or were other metals (eg. gold) involved? Residue analysis can also provide evidence of the types It will also provide an insight into the preparation of the of substance stored or cooked within the vessels. This raw materials involved, such as any material added to the combined with environmental evidence can illustrate the clay used for mould-making. How specialist a craft was diet, economy and resources utilised by the occupants of this likely to have been? the site and how this changed from one period to the next. Comparison should be made with other mould assemblages, such as those from Jarlshof, Shetland or Clad Hallan, Uist. Is this site comparable or different to those? Recommendations for further work Does it reveal anything specific about the metalworking at this particular site? Prehistoric pottery The pottery assemblage should be studied in detail with Metal-working waste reference to existing pottery typologies and to other In view of the importance of the metal-working moulds, assemblages from sites in the vicinity, providing valuable the other waste materials should be studied in detail. 120 dating evidence. It should also be studied with reference These include slags, magnetic residues, ceramic furnace to site radiocarbon dates, and the stratigraphy and spatial lining material and a possible tuyere. These materials distribution of the sherds, highlighting pottery types of should be studied with the aid of x-ray fluorescence and different dates. This will allow a discussion of how pottery scanning electron microscope to establish from what use changes over time and inferences about the underlying types of metalworking processes they derive and what changes in society and economy of the occupation in this types of metals were being worked. The material is spread area. A number of sherds should be selected for residue between Areas 1, 2B and 3. While the material has been analysis. These should be sherds which bear sufficient provisionally identified as iron-working waste it seems residue, from secure contexts and representing a good likely that at least some of the material from Area 2B at variety of vessel types and periods. This will providing least is related to the bronze-working which apparently firm evidence for the types of substances prepared or took place in the vicinity of this area. If any of this material stored in these vessels and demonstrate the breadth of can be linked to the Bronze Age metalworking then it ceramic vessel use and how it changes over time. Taken provides more important evidence about the nature of the in conjunction with the environmental evidence, this activity there and the processes which were undertaken. will provide a good picture of the resources available Evidence for Bronze Age bronze smelting in Scotland and used by the occupants of the site, of their diet and is still lacking (Downes 2011, 54) and though there is possibly other activities such as industrial or medicinal no suggestion of it at this site as of yet, the possibility preparations. The understanding of food procurement, that it may have been undertaken there should be fully use and cookery at this period has been identified as a key investigated. future research area for Iron Age Scotland (Carruthers & Hunter 2010, 36). Evidence for iron-working is of lesser importance. Though no in situ furnace bases were found, the waste Ceramic moulds material should be studied to establish what type of The ceramic mould fragments are a sizeable and important iron-working industry was undertaken there, whether assemblage. Though fragmentary, the impressions in this represents smelting or smithing. It’s dating should many are very fresh allowing the objects which were be established by radiocarbon dating associated organic made within them to be studied in some detail. Some material. Should the processes be dated to the Iron Age, time should be spent piecing these moulds together it provides comparable evidence to that found at the Iron to provide as clear a picture as possible for the items Age metalworking site of Culduthel Mains Farm (Murray being cast at the site. It is also possible that many mould 2007). There is currently a lack of Iron Age sites with good Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

manufacturing evidence published to modern standards Metalwork (Carruthers and Hunter 2010, 37) and any evidence the Given the evidence for ferrous and non-ferrous site can provide in this area would be useful. metalworking at the site, the size of the metalwork assemblage is perhaps disappointing. It may well be that the Ceramic building material majority of metalwork was recycled on site. Nevertheless, While some of the burnt ceramic material found the potentially Iron Age date of the iron finds gives them represents metalworking furnace lining, and other pieces a greater significance than a similar assemblage of later undoubtedly represent unidentified mould fragments date. At all stages, reference should be made to available (both discussed above), some of the fragments from Area context dating information and resources focused on 1 bear the impression of organic materials and appear to those finds of likely prehistoric date. represent the burnt remains of a wattle and daub structure. These pieces should be identified and their finds spots All the iron finds should be x-rayed. This will help to plotted to reveal the likely structure or structures from identify the five as yet unidentified objects and provide which they derive. The evidence for these structures clearer images of the nails for the purposes of obtaining should then be studied for other evidence of burning. Is measurements and typological information. After there any evidence for how, why and when these structures analysis of the x-rays recommendations should be made were burnt? The organic impressions within the daub as to which of these finds some of these finds should should also be studied with the aim of identifying any be selected for cleaning. This will further help towards of the materials used in the wattling, or any evidence of providing typological detail. It will also aid illustration the construction techniques used. Such daub fragments of the objects and stabilise them for long term storage provide a rare insight into these construction techniques or display. A short report should then be made of any and materials which by their ephemeral and organic prehistoric metal finds which are identified among this nature are not understood in any detail. assemblage. No further work is recommended for any medieval or post-medieval finds unless they prove to be Coarse stone finds of exceptional interest. The large number of coarse tone tools provide a good sample from which to study stone selection and use. Glass finds The stones should all be identified as to stone type and The only glass find of interest is one small bead. It is provenance. The sources of these stones will provide largely undiagnostic of itself in terms of dating. However, insights into prehistoric trading patterns. It will also should it prove to be from a context of prehistoric or likely 121 answer questions about whether certain stone types were prehistoric date, a short note on it should be included desirable for certain functions, and to what extent it was in the publication report. It is potentially the only find worth seeking out these stone types from outwith the which points towards an aesthetic interest in the site’s local environs. occupants, rather than the purely practical and industrial aspects covered by the rest of the finds. Analysis of the wear will allow an understanding of the tasks that were being carried out on site. Distributive Medieval to post-medieval pottery analysis may find areas where specific tasks were being The later pottery provides useful dating evidence for carried out, such as grinding grain. The tools should be later contexts and highlights areas of later disturbance, viewed in conjunction with the environmental evidence but has little potential for analysis. No further work is in this respect. In addition analysis may help with recommended. dating; while cobble tools are not often finely datable the saddle querns may prove more chronologically diagnostic. It may also be possible to observe the ‘quern References replacement horizon’ in this assemblage. When and Carruthers, M & Hunter, F (eds) 2010 ScARF Summary how and to what extent saddle querns were replaced Iron Age Panel Summary (Draft). by rotary querns in Scotland is not fully understood Downes, J (ed) 2011 ScARF Chalcolithic & Bronze Age Panel (Carruthers & Hunter 2010, 14). The large numbers Summary (Draft). of both types at this site may provide useful evidence Hunter, F & McLaren, D et al 2007 Appendix 5; ‘Assessment towards answering this question. of Artefact Assemblage’ in Murray, R Culduthel Mains Farm, Inverness, Phase 5. Excavation of a later Prehistoric Chipped stone finds] settlement: Assessment report, Headland Archaeology td 2011 td The chipped stone finds add another dimension to the (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. early prehistoric element to the site. The two diagnostic Jones, E 2009 Bellfield, North Kessock, Ross-shire. Area 1 pieces also provide useful dating evidence. A short report Archaeological Excavation, Headland Archaeology

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L on these finds is recommended, looking at how these (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. finds tie in with the pottery and if they can illustrate any aspects of site function. The source of the flint may also

© H eadland A provide information on the site’s supply network. MacSween, A 2001 ‘Pottery’, in Barclay, G J, Carter, P, Dalland, M, Hastie, M, Holden, T G, MacSween, A & Wickham-Jones, C R ‘A possible Neolithic settlement and Kinbeachie, Black Isle, Highland’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 131, pp. 57–85. MacSween, A 2008 ‘The Prehistoric Pottery’, in Cook, M & Dunbar, L Rituals, Roundhouses and Romans, Excavations at Kintore, Aberdeenshire 2000–2006: Volume 1: Forest Road, Scottish Trust for Archaeological Research, pp. 173–189 Murray, R 2007 Culduthel Mains Farm, Inverness, Phase 5. Excavation of a later Prehistoric settlement: Assessment report, Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report Murray, R 2008 Data Structure Report of an Archaeological Evaluation at Bellfield Farm, North Kessock, Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. Murray, R 2010 Results of a Monitored Topsoil Strip at Bellfield Farm, North Kessock, Ross-shire, Headland Archaeology Ltd, unpublished client report. Sheridan, A 2010 Pottery from Culduthel Main Farm, Phases Seven and Eight, Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. Wordsworth, J 1999 ‘A later prehistoric settlement at Balloan Park, Inverness’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 129, pp. 239–250.

122 Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Finds catalogue

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

1 0 1 Stone Spindle Whorl Circular stone disc with off-centre perforation IA or later

1 12 2 1 0 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 39 10 1 0 Industrial Fe Slag Waste

1 85 1 177 Industrial Fe Slag lump waste

1 112 44 3 1 Industrial Fe Slag Waste

1 112 44 1 0 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 222 98 Industrial Fe Slag Small lump IA or later Waste

1 225 231 3 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 228 212 Industrial Fe Slag Large lump IA or later Waste

1 233 8 CBM Daub Small burnt lump with impressions

1 233 207 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 233 29 Industrial Fe Slag Small lumps IA or later Waste

1 233 741 Industrial Fe Slag Large lump IA or later 123 Waste

1 233 204 6 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 253 208 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 254 96 Industrial Fe Slag Small lumps IA or later Waste

1 255 210 13 0 Pottery Coarseware Two conjoining body sherdsa nd 11 fragments (PH) from the same vessel. Decorated with fingernail impressions

1 257 212 3 CBM Daub fragments

1 273 225 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 278 234 3 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 295 162 Industrial Fe Slag Large lump (plano-convex – hearth bottom?) IA or later Waste

1 295 229 2 Industrial Slag Small fragment IA or later Waste td 2011 td 1 301 219 2 Industrial Mag Res Small fragments of hammerscale IA or later Waste

1 308 174 CBM Daub Lumps of daub with wattle impressions rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1 308 220 68 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions

1 308 194 Industrial Fe Slag Small lumps IA or later

1 308 220 8 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 308 220 634 Industrial Slag Small to medium lumps IA or later Waste

1 346 184 CBM Daub Lumps of daub with wattle impressions

1 346 44 CBM Daub Small lumps with wattle impressions

1 348 248 2 CBM Daub fragments

1 348 248 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 371 259 6 0 Lithics Flint Two flakes and four chips PH

1 386 260 2 CBM Daub fragments

1 386 1 Pottery Coarseware Single slightly abraded body sherd, fairly thick (PH)

1 398 200 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern; has recent break to edge PH

1 403 29 CBM Daub Lump of daub with wattle impressions

1 407 266 2 CBM Daub fragments

1 407 4 Pottery Coarseware 4 body sherds, largest sherd impressed with dot- ?M.Neol-L. (PH) like impressions, IW? Neol

1 411 267 5 CBM Daub fragments

1 411 1 Lithics Tool? Retouched piece; flint; secondary blade; broken, ?L.Neol distal end missing; cortical platform; direct, semi- abrupt, semi-invasive retouch all along both lateral 124 edges; ?scale-flaked knife

1 411 1 Pottery Coarseware Impressed body sherd, circular impressions; IW? ?M.Neol-L. (PH) Neol

1 422 269 17 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay, quite a lot of stone inclusions, could thios be something differetn or even pot?

1 424 276 2 CBM Daub fragments

1 424 276 15 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 424 276 4 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 425 202 1 Copper Sheet Small folded fragment of copper alloy Alloy

1 428 275 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 453 201 1 Stone Quern Half an oval with off-centre perforation near edge; IA or later ?quern

1 456 206 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern; complete; ?upper stone IA or later

1 457 175 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 457 710 CBM Daub Large to small lumps with impressions

1 457 764 Industrial Fe Slag Lumps of slag and some small pieces of burnt IA or later Waste daub

1 457 205 1 Iron ?Nail Square sections shaft with possible head

1 457 203 1 Pottery Coarseware Rim sherd with carination; fairly thick; slight internal (PH) bevel Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

1 457 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment; upper stone IA or later

1 457 204 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern; upper stone IA or later

1 461 277 6 CBM Daub fragments

1 461 277 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 463 19 CBM Daub Small lump

1 465 137 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 465 34 Industrial Fe Slag Small lump IA or later Waste

1 465 284 1 Industrial Slag Small fagments IA or later Waste

1 467 286 27 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions

1 477 29 CBM Daub Small lump with impression

1 479 324 9 CBM Daub fragments

1 480 63 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 480 16 CBM Daub Small lump with wattle impressions

1 480 40 Industrial Fe Slag Small lumps IA or later Waste

1 481 89 Industrial Fe Slag Small lumps of slag with attached kiln lining IA or later Waste

1 484 36 CBM Daub Small lump with wattle impressions 125 1 486 289 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 492 27 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 498 292 4 CBM Daub fragments

1 498 16 CBM Daub Large to small lumps with impressions

1 498 292 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 514 1028 CBM Daub Large to small lumps with impressions

1 514 296 124 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions

1 516 301 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 516 207 1 Stone Quern Fragmentary rotary quern; remaining perforation IA or later and 1 hollow

1 523 297 2 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 532 305 11 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 538 306 56 CBM Daub fragments td 2011 td 1 541 338 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 541 307 50 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions

1 541 307 7 Industrial Tuyure Virtrified ceramic IA or later rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L Waste

1 544 309 83 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions © H eadland A Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

1 544 191 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 544 31 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 544 309 4 Industrial Furnace lining Virtrified ceramic IA or later Waste

1 544 309 11 Industrial Slag Small lumps IA or later Waste

1 546 389 6 Industrial Slag Small fragments IA or later Waste

1 553 211 2 Pottery Coarseware 2 conjoining Body sherds; fairly thick (PH)

1 554 312 7 CBM Daub fragments

1 554 312 5 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 560 917 CBM Daub Large to small lumps with impressions

1 560 315 132 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions, some appear vitrified, possibly ?moulds

1 569 328 3 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 571 394 6 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay

1 571 35 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 571 214 2 Stone Two stones with one very flat face

1 571 218 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment; 1 central perforation IA or later 126 remaining

1 574 319 6 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 577 317 2 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 577 317 4 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 577 317 2 Industrial Mag Res Small fragments of hammerscale IA or later Waste

1 578 209 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment IA or later

1 580 318 3 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 580 318 6 Industrial Slag Small lump IA or later Waste

1 585 329 2 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 585 329 3 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 586 210 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment; 1 central perforation IA or later remaining

1 595 321 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 606 335 3 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

1 606 335 1 Lithics Tool? Flake with poss retouch along one side

1 619 19 Industrial Fe Slag Small lump IA or later Waste

1 626 208 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern; complete; ?upper stone IA or later

1 630 339 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 630 339 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 638 338 9 CBM Daub fragments

1 638 338 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 646 348 2 CBM Daub fragments

1 686 359 2 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 688 352 54 CBM Daub fragments

1 688 352 61 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 689 212 1 Stone Hammerstone Long oval stone; one end has fractures indicating use as a hammerstone and the other end has pitting indicating pounding; further indication of wear on face indicates that other parts were utilised.

1 693 353 6 CBM Daub fragments

1 693 353 3 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later 127 Waste

1 693 353 2 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 727 364 2 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 729 729 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 729 1 Lithics Flint Flint Flake

1 729 365 1 0 Lithics Flint Flake PH

1 738 213 1 Stone Quern ?quern fragment

1 749 215 1 Stone Quern Stone with one very flat face

1 755 122 Industrial Fe Slag Large lump IA or later Waste

1 755 372 6 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 755 372 10 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 755 372 40 Industrial Slag Small lumps IA or later Waste td 2011 td 1 765 379 3 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 765 1 Lithics Flint Flint flake; burnt rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1 778 381 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste © H eadland A Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

1 783 376 2 CBM Daub Small fragments of baked clay

1 792 15 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 795 380 4 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 795 380 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 795 380 2 Industrial Mag Res Waste

1 807 297 CBM Daub Lumps with impression

1 807 384 30 CBM Daub Fragments of baked clay with linear impressions; one unusual heavily qaurtz tempered piece

1 807 384 16 Industrial Slag and Mag Small lumps and magnetic fragmetns IA or later Waste Res

1 808 217 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment; 2 perforations IA or later

1 824 383 5 CBM Daub fragments

1 824 383 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 839 387 1 CBM Daub fragments

1 839 387 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 846 389 5 CBM Daub Fragment of baked clay

1 859 219 1 Pottery Coarseware Rim/neck sherd, comb impressed decoration ?EBA 128 (PH)

1 860 399 2 Industrial Mag Res Small magnetic fragments IA or later Waste

1 860 399 1 Industrial Mag Res Slag shpere IA or later Waste

1 862 396 2 Industrial Fe Slag fragment IA or later Waste

1 877 220 1 Stone Quern Rotary quern fragment; 2 perforations IA or later

1 878 16 CBM Daub Small lumps with impressions

1 884 129 CBM Daub Lumps with impressions

1 884 401 11 CBM Daub fragments

1 884 401 9 Industrial Fe Slag fragments IA or later Waste

1 897 403 17 Industrial Slag Small lump and fragments IA or later Waste

1 920 221 0 2 0 Stone Quern Rotary quern; Upper stone with slot for handle; IA in two pieces; one large piece with remains of perforation and a smaller section which does not conjoin but is of the same stone

2/3 0 347 6 CBM Daub Fine, abraded fragments of baked clay

2/3 0 539 Industrial Fe Slag Small, dense, plano-convex slag cake Waste

2/3 0 325 1 Pottery Med Redware Medieval redware, small, thin, abraded body sherd, 13th- Medi (Medi) glazed 16th C Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2/3 0 326 1 Pottery Med Redware Small sherd of glazed medieval redware 13th- Medi (Medi) 16th C

2/3 0 282 1 Pottery Coarseware Fairly fine body sherd, possibly very gently PH (PH) carinated

2A 0 1 Pottery Med/PM Redware, body sherd 14th- Medi-PM (Medi) Redware 17th C

2A 1085 1 Stone Cobble Tool Stone with one slightly flatter, smoother face

2A 1095 222 7 Pottery Coarseware Body sherds including everted sherds. Surface PH (PH) treatment,

2A 1097 223 4 Pottery Coarseware Everted neck sherds, two conjoining PH (PH)

2A 1108 225 1 Stone Pounder Possible pounder. Broken stone with rough, pitted possible pounding facet at one end

2A 1125 226 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2A 1192 226a 1 Stone Quern Fragment of a saddle quern, dished and smooth PH on entire face

2A 1192 226b 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern, dished and smooth on entire face PH

2A 1193 224a 1 Stone Quern Quern Fragment?? Broken fragment of stone with PH very smooth flat surface, may be a rubber/grinder

2A 1193 224b 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone, broken, one smooth, slightly convex face

2A 1193 224c 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with smooth flat surface 2A 1239 227 1 Stone Cobble Tool Stone with one slightly flatter, smoother face 129 2B 0 0 13 0 Pottery Coarseware MNI-3. Three rim shrds, a carinated sherd, a saggy (PH) base sherd and 8 body sherds. 1st vessel is bipartite with bevelled rim and diagonal linear decoration to upper zone; 2nd vessel is bipartite with bevelled rim and two rows of rustication to

2B 0 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick body sherd PH (PH)

2B 0 0 3 0 Pottery Coarseware Three conjoining rim sherds. Heavy bevelled (PH) rim with cavetto directly below on exterior. Bevel decorated with herring bone and caveto decorated with diagonal linear incision; repair hole

2B 0 0 4 0 Pottery Coarseware Three conjoining rim sherds with internal bevel (PH) and a body sherd. The rim sherds are decorated with vertical rows of fingernail impressions

2B 0 0 2 0 Pottery Coarseware Two conjoining body sherds with slightly bevelled (PH) rim and short carination, decorated with two horizontal rows of rustication to area above carination

2B 1001 410 121 Industrial Mag Res Very fine with three small slag spheres Waste

2B 1001 410 659 Industrial Slag One very large dense lump, several medium Waste vasicular lumps, one medium lump with clay td 2011 td residue, several medium globular lumps, most small dense fragments

2B 1002 411 121 CBM Daub Medium to large abraded lumps of baked clay

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2B 1002 411 2150 Industrial Fe Slag Mostly large lumps of vasicular appearance, Waste medium lumps of globular slag, some tiny fragments of dense slag © H eadland A Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2B 1002 411 220 Industrial Mag Res Very fine with two small slag spheres Waste

2B 1083 439 1 Glass Fragment Small fragment of clear glass Mod

2B 1083 439 2 Industrial Fe Slag Tiny fragment of dense slag Waste

2B 1095 436 66 Pottery Coarseware Two large sherds with blackish interior and brown PH (PH) exterior, 64 lumps. Fabric is gritty and contains frequent and large flecks of mica

2B 1097 437 3 Lithics Flint One broken inner chip; one secondary chip; one PH inner, broken distal end, possible blade

2B 1097 437 3 Pottery Coarseware One small rim sherd, two fragments. Fabric is gritty PH (PH) with some flecks of mica

2B 1117 457 3 Industrial Fe Slag Tiny fragments of dense slag Waste

2B 1193 492 1 Iron Object Small lump, uneven slightly corroded surface

2B 1299 251 2 Pottery Coarseware Two thick body sherds, possibly with dotted PH (PH) impressions

2B 1299 247 8 Pottery Coarseware Thick, gently curving body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1301 234 49 Pottery Coarseware Four rims and 45 body sherds from at least 2 pots. PH (PH) Impressed decoration on all rim sherds

2B 1301 236 1 Stone Hammerstone Possible hammerstone, end of triangular sectioned cobble with large fracture to end 130 2B 1301 235 Stone Natural DISCARDED 2B 1304 250 1 Pottery Coarseware Two fairly straight and thick body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1307 237 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1309 252 1 Pottery Coarseware Body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1316 245 7 Pottery Coarseware Large internally bevelled rim sherd with decoration PH (PH) to rim top, ext and interior, a pre firing perforation is also partially visible a the break. Amongst the body sherds are two covered in incisions/stabs

2B 1316 248 1 Pottery Coarseware Small rounded rim sherd from small vessel PH (PH)

2B 1316 228 1 Stone Quern Saddle Quern. Broken, dished on opposing faces, PH one face also has central pitting possibly through use as a working surface

2B 1321 239 4 Pottery Coarseware Thick curving body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1321 547 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick lump-like sherd PH (PH)

2B 1326 549 2 Ceramic Mould Two small abraded mould fragments BA

2B 1326 229 9 Pottery Coarseware Small abraded body sherds. Possibly mould PH (PH) fragments although curvature suggests otherwise

2B 1326 231 1 Stone Anvil/Lamp? Fragment of stone broken through a pitted hollow

2B 1326 230 1 Stone Pounder Poss pounder, small angular pebble with circumferential surface loss Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2B 1329 281 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick curving body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1330 254 1 Pottery Coarseware Complete flat base, decorated with diagonal stabs/ PH (PH) incisions

2B 1348 238 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick, gently curving body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1350 232 1 Stone Cobble Tool Stone with one slightly flatter, smoother face

2B 1350 233 1 Stone Cobble Tool Stone with one slightly flatter, smoother face

2B 1369 249 1 Pottery Coarseware Large fairly straight body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1379 299 1 Iron Object Small lump, flat and circular

2B 1383 745 2 Industrial Fe Slag Tiny fragments of dense slag Waste

2B 1389 295 1 Stone Hammerstone Stone which appears to be naturally cleaved leaving a flat plane, some step terminated fractures at the edges may point to use as a hammerstone

2B 1392 240 26 Pottery Coarseware Mostly body sherds, three rim sherds all perforated PH (PH) below rim. One sherd may have sub oval impressions.

2B 1392 290 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern fragment PH

2B 1397 246 1 Pottery Coarseware Small, gently curving body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1398 253 1 Pottery Coarseware Small, thick body sherd PH (PH) 131 2B 1399 241 8 Pottery Coarseware Curving body sherds, large inclusions and internal PH (PH) residue

2B 1399 353 7 Pottery Coarseware Mostly gritty body sherds and a gently squared PH (PH) rim sherd

2B 1399 354 1 Stone Cobble Tool Possible rubber/grinder. One flat smooth face

2B 1426 244 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern PH

2B 1432 335 1 Ceramic Mould Two conjoining fragments of mould, recessed BA areas on both faces

2B 1443 245 1 Stone Rubber Possible rubbing stone, with one fairly flat smooth face

2B 1455 284 1 Stone Rubber Large rubbing stone with smoothed convex rubbing face

2B 1464 242 2 Pottery Coarseware Very thick body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1464 287 1 Pottery Coarseware Rim sherd with internal bevel decorated with PH (PH) fingernail impressions, cavetto, unusual exterior impressions/voids

2B 1479 243 5 Pottery Coarseware Thick body sherds decorated with small dotted PH (PH) impressions td 2011 td 2B 1483 256 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one gently convex smooth face

2B 1485 254 1 Glass Bead Possibly stone, small, opaque, white, globular bead with central perforation rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L

2B 1485 255 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1503 289 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern fragment PH

2B 1506 258 1 Iron Nail Nail

2B 1506 263 1 Pottery PM Redware Redware, body sherd 16th- PM (PM) 17th C

2B 1506 259 1 Stone Cobble Tool Stone with one slightly flatter, smoother face

2B 1508 260 15 Pottery Coarseware Mostly body sherds, one squared rim sherd. PH (PH) Residue

2B 1509 261 1 Stone Whetstone Possible whetstone, Small cobble with flat faces and possible whetting grooves

2B 1513 270 10 Pottery Coarseware Body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1513 275 1 Stone Cobble Tool Whetstone/Pounder. Cobble with one whetting plane and a pitted end

2B 1516 272 1 Iron Nail Clenched nail

2B 1526 266 32 Pottery Coarseware Mostly body sherds and one flat base sherd PH (PH)

2B 1526 267 1 Stone Whetstone Cobble with two opposing whetting planes

2B 1566 269 1 Lithics Flint Retouched blade PH

2B 1625 271 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one smoothed and pitted

2B 1668 333 1 Pottery Coarseware Small fairly fine body sherd broken along coil join PH (PH)

2B 1673 292 1 Stone Rubber Possible rubbing stone, very slightly convex. Very 132 friable abraded stone with loss of edges

2B 1675 336 1 Pottery Coarseware Small uneven body sherd PH (PH)

2B 1683 273 1 Iron Object Small lump, sub circular section, possibly tapering

2B 1694 286 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern PH

2B 1703 886 1 Glass Fragment Small fragment of clear glass Mod

2B 1703 276 4 Pottery Coarseware Small body sherds PH (PH)

2B 1721 277 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone, one smooth, gently convex face

2B 1726 288 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern fragment PH

2B 1733 278 1 Stone Anvil Sub ovoid cobble with one flat face which is lightly pitted at the centre

2B 1736 905 1 Ceramic Mould Small mould fragment BA

2B 1736 280 1 Stone Cobble Tool Pounder/Hammerstone. Ovoid pebble with pitted pounding/hammering facets

2B 1736 279 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1738 331 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one smooth gently convex rubbing face

2B 1749 283 2 CBM Daub Small lump of baked clay, possible daub

2B 1749 285 1 Stone Quern Saddle Quern fragment from edge of saddle quern, PH one face is smooth and dished

2B 1766 301 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern PH Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2B 1766 300 1 Stone Whetstone Cobble of ?greywacke with two opposing whetting planes

2B 1768 297 1 Stone Rubber Possible rubbing stone fragment

2B 1790 294 1 Stone Quern Possible quern fragment PH

2B 1816 296 11 CBM Daub Three lumps of clay, no discernible shape, possible daub

2B 1820 307 1 Stone Cobble Tool Rubbing stone/working surface, stone with a flat smooth face and central pitted area

2B 1820 308 1 Stone Hammerstone Poss hammerstone, in two pieces. Large ovoid cobble with a quarter of the stone fractured from one end

2B 1820 305 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1820 306 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one smooth, gently convex rubbing face

2B 1822 298 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1825 304 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1840 302 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one smoothed convex rubbing face

2B 1840 303 1 Stone Rubber Possible rubbing stone, one smoother convex face

2B 1849 321 1 Ceramic Mould Small mould fragment BA

2B 1872 310 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern fragment PH

2B 1878 311 1 Stone Cobble Tool Fragment of possible tool, Flat smooth surfaces with rounded edge visible, bifacial fractures to 133 edges may suggest use as a hammerstone

2B 1924 313 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1924 312 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1970 337 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 1999 338 1 Stone Cobble Tool Possible rubber/grinder, flat pitted face

2B 2000 339 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 2002 1049 9 Glass Fragment Small fragments of clear glass Mod

2B 2022 1054 13 CBM Daub Small to medium abraded lumps of baked clay

2B 2022 317a 18 Ceramic Mould Fragments of mould with various recessed and BA raised areas visible

2B 2022 316 28 Ceramic Mould Fragments of moulds with various recessed and BA raised areas visible

2B 2022 1059 1 Ceramic Mould Small abraded fragment. Most likely of same fabric BA as SF1058

2B 2022 1062 1 Ceramic Mould Large mould fragment with interior glaze/lining BA

2B 2022 1058 58 Ceramic Mould Various abraded mould fragments, one with BA residue td 2011 td 2B 2022 1063 7 Ceramic Mould Small abraded mould fragments, one with residue BA vasicular in appearance

2B 2022 314 2 Ceramic Mould One large fragment and small conjoining fragment. BA

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L Lots of detail remaining

2B 2022 1054 4 Industrial Fe Slag Small lump of slag, vasicular appearance, clay ` ` Waste residue © H eadland A Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2B 2022 1059 2 Industrial Fe Slag Small fragment of vitrified slag, vasicular Waste appearance

2B 2022 1058 8 Industrial Fe Slag Small fragments of slag, vasicular appearance Waste

2B 2022 1063 3 Industrial Vitrified slag Small fragments of vitrified slag, vasicular Waste appearance

2B 2022 317b 1 Pottery Coarseware Large, thick, straight body sherd PH (PH)

2B 2028 1061 5 Industrial Fe Slag One small lump and several tiny fragments, Waste vasicular appearance

2B 2028 315 1 Iron Nail Clenched nail

2B 2037 1068 12 CBM Daub Medium lump of baked clay, possible daub

2B 2037 349 27 Ceramic Mould Several fragments of a mould, many pieces with BA squared edges, circular indents and dished areas, one piece vitrified

2B 2037 319 21 Ceramic Mould Small fragments of mould BA

2B 2037 350 1 Pottery Coarseware Body sherd with thick internal residue PH (PH)

2B 2039 318 1 Stone Rubber Rubbing stone with one smooth, gently convex face

2B 2042 334 5 Ceramic Mould Several fragments with dished area BA

2B 2047 1107 2 Industrial Fe Slag Tiny fragments of dense slag Waste

134 2B 2051 328 1 Stone Quern Saddle quern fragment PH

2B 2062 320 2 Ceramic Mould Two fragments, linear recess in one BA

2B 2064 2 Ceramic Mould Two small mould fragments BA

2B 2088 322 1 Pottery Med Redware Medieval redware, thick abraded piece, glazed 13th- Medi (Medi) 16th C

2B 2089 342 Stone Natural DISCARDED

2B 2092 323 88 Industrial Fe Slag Small lump with large charcoal impressions Waste

2B 2094 327 3 CBM Daub Small lump of baked clay, possible daub

2B 2097 324 1 Ceramic Mould Possible piece of mould BA

2B 2109 332 40 Ceramic Mould Mould in many fragments, some larger pieces BA with ribbed detail, also flat, shallow recessed parts. Some vitrified

2B 2120 329 28 Ceramic Mould Curved blade ,mould in many fragments, large BA pieces and substantial refits, detail remains showing a curved blade which thickens slightly in the centre

2B 2120 330 7 Ceramic Mould Fragments of mould; most likely same as SF329 BA

2B 2154 1123 1 Lithics Flint Small inner flake PH

2B 2187 340 4 Ceramic Mould BA

2B 2202 1058 1 Pottery Coarseware Small fragment of interior fabric, very gritty PH (PH)

2B 2215 341 4 Ceramic Mould Medium fragments with some recessed detail BA Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Area Context SF Sample Qty Weight Material Object Description Spot Period (g) date

2B 2255 343a 2 Ceramic Mould Two mould fragments, recesses to one side, one BA has a couple of horizontal ribs

2B 2255 343b 2 Pottery Coarseware Body sherd and a squared rim sherd, wipemarks PH (PH) visible on surface

2B 2283 344 1 Pottery Coarseware Thick, straight body sherd. Some internal residue PH (PH)

2B 2293 345 1 Stone Cobble Tool Poss naturally weathered stone, one face slightly dished smoother than other

2B 2320 38 Ceramic Mould Mould in many fragments, a few conjoins, most BA have recessed areas, one may have obliquely stabbed decoration

2B 2328 1179 3 Glass Fragment Small fragments of clear glass Mod

2B 2381 1192 1 Ceramic Mould Fragment of mould rim BA

2B 2402 1204 4 Building Mortar Small lump of white mortar Material

2B 2448 1245 3 Industrial Fe Slag Tiny fragments of dense slag Waste

2B 2465 1270 3 Industrial Fe Slag Very tiny fragments of slag Waste

2B 2513 1281 16 Industrial Fe Slag One large dense lump, one medium vitrified Waste fragment, very small dense lumps

2B 2513 1307 211 Industrial Fe Slag Several medium lumps of vasicular appearance, Waste small globular lumps, mostly tiny dense fragments

2B 2552 368 5 Pottery Coarseware Two rim sherds, one cordon sherd, slightly averted PH (PH) rim, vertically rilled body, applied cordon, some 135 residue

2B 2569 367 1 Iron Object ‘C’-shaped with square cross-section

3 2441 352 146 CBM Daub Small lumps of soft baked clay, possible daub

3 2441 348 1 Iron Object Small lump attached to carbonised wood

3 2441 351 Soil Natural DISCARDED

3 2465 355 552 Industrial Fe Slag Dense lump, some with a flowed/tapped Waste appearance

3 2513 358 4 Ceramic Mould Large abraded lump with various recesses, possible BA mould. Found with three conjoining pieces of vitrified baked clay

3 2513 365 2 Ceramic Mould Two small mould fragments BA

3 2513 359 663 Industrial Fe Slag Medium to small, dense lumps of iron slag Waste

3 2513 362 456 Industrial Fe Slag Dense, plano-convex slag cake; in three conjoining Waste pieces

3 2513 363 758 Industrial Fe Slag Dense, plano-convex slag cake Waste

3 2513 364 5 Industrial Slag Very small piece of vitrified material, vasicular td 2011 td Waste appearance

3 2520 366 1 Ceramic Mould Baked clay with a squared edge and on recessed BA part to one face rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 3 2522 357 1 Stone Quern Saddle Quern. Dished on one face, Oval in plan PH © H eadland A Appendix 3 – Palaeoenvironmental sample the grain was generally good and a high proportion of assessment the grain was, excellently preserved. A small number of degraded cereal grains were also present, which could not be identified to species or family level; these are recorded Introduction as indeterminate cereal grains (Cereal indet.) (Table 2). In 98 samples from Bellfield, North Kessock (out of addition to the grains and florets considerable quantities 744 samples taken) were initially processed for of lighter chaff elements were present including rachis palaeoenvironmental assessment. The samples were internodes, lemma, palea, and awn fragments along with taken from ditches, pits and postholes, metalworking charred underground plant parts and root fragments. furnaces and a grain-drying kiln discovered during the excavation. The assessment aims to look at what A range of wild taxa are present within the assemblage, the palaeoenvironmental potential of the material is however, the majority occur with large concentrations of and what evidence this material is showing us for the cereal remains. The fruits, seeds, achenes, etc (henceforth activities which once took place at the site. This report referred to as seeds) present are typical ruderal/segetal is the third phase of palaeoenvironmental assessment species of the British Isles, ie species associated with work to be undertaken from the site. agricultural fields and disturbed ground including sunspurge (Euphorbia helioscopia) , ivy speedwell (Veronica hederifolia), ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata), nipplewort Method (Lapsana communis), fat hen (Lapsana communis), blinks Samples were processed in laboratory conditions using a (Montia Fontana), pale persicaria (Polygonum lapathifolium), standard floatation method cf( Kenward et al, 1980). All wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), oak (Quercus sp.), docks plant macrofossil samples were analysed using a stereo- or sorrel including sheep’s sorrel (Rumex acetosella), daisies microscope at magnifications of x10 and up to x100 (Asteraceae sp.), bromes (Bromus sp., grasses (Poaceae sp.) where necessary to aid identification. Identifications were confirmed using modern reference material and seed The majority are common elements of the arable crop, atlases including Cappers et al (2006). but there are also plants characteristic of wetter ground such as pale persicaria, sheep’s sorrel and blinks, which occurs frequently in wet flushes (Hinton, 1991). The Results frequently occurring ivy speedwell is found in British 136 The results of the sample processing are provided in contexts from the middle Bronze Age, Iron Age and Tables 1 (Retent finds) and 2 (Floatation finds). Suitable Roman periods (Godwin, 1975). It is a common plant of material for AMS dating is also identified within each cultivated ground, (Clapham et. al 1962) but is also found table. Two samples (2091 and 2198) were found to be in hedge banks and open woodland (Stace, 1997). Its archaeologically sterile. Ground conditions on the site presence in many contexts containing no cereal remains were not suitable for preservation of organic remains suggests that it is more likely to have grown close to the by waterlogging and all plant remains recovered were site and arrived in the majority of contexts incidentally. preserved through charring. Also of interest are a number of woodland species such as Plant remains oak (Quercus sp.) and fragments of hazel (Corylus avellana) Charred cereal grains were found in roughly half of the nutshell. Charred hazel (Corylus avellana) nutshell was samples processed with Samples 528 taken from a large pit present in ten samples (see Table 1) with samples 436, 437, [1269], and samples 1204, 1205, 1206, 1207, 1211, 1236, 439 and 543 in particular containing abundant quantities 1237 from the grain-drying kiln [2397], in particular of nutshell fragments. These might suggest utilisation found to contain abundant quantities of grain (see Table of nuts as a wild foodstuff though they may also have 1 and 2). been incorporated into the assemblage by the selection of wood for fuel. The charred grain assemblage is dominated by the grains of hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare – hulled) and oat (Avena Wood charcoal fragments are present in the all of the sp.) Most oat grains could only be identified to species samples processed with the exception of sample 1982 with level (Avena sp), however, a small number of grains from fragments of a size and condition suitable for identification the drying kiln samples, were found still enclosed within and/or Accelerated Mass Spectrometry (AMS) in the lemma and palea (florets) with the awn base clearly seventy-nine of the samples (see Tables 1 and 2).The large visible on the back of the grain and this was identified quantities of wood charcoal fragments present in a range as Avena strigosa (small/bristle/black oat). Also present of sizes above 1cm² and up to 4cm² are suggestive of in- though not in the same numbers as the hulled barley situ primary refuse from features or deliberately dumped and oat were occasional grains of naked barley (Hordeum fire debris. The smaller sized fragments (less than 1cm²) vulgare var nudum), emmer (Triticum dicoccum), spelt wheat may have been transported across the site by mechanisms (Triticum spelta), club-bread wheat (Triticum aestivo- such as windblow and surface run-off and may originally compactum) wheat and rye (Secale cereale). Preservation of have been part of the deposits containing the larger Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

fragments. A large number of fragments were identified The charred grain assemblage of samples from contexts as roundwood, and together with a number of charred associated with the later prehistoric occupation is buds suggests that the bulk of the material represented dominated by small amounts of hulled barley with lesser small branches or twigs (see Tables 1 and 2). quantities of oat, club-bread wheat, spelt wheat and rye and is similar to other Iron Age assemblages across Other finds Scotland (e.g. Pollock et al, 1992; Banks et al, 2001). Together with the charred plant remains the samples also Hulled barley was being cultivated in Scotland from the contained a number of other finds (see Table 1). Iron Age onwards when it replaced the naked variety. Occasional oat grains have also been recovered from Iron Burnt bone was found in small to abundant quantities Age sites although these tend to be present only in small in forty-five of the samples processed, with samples quantities (Boyd 1998) and are probably contaminants of 490, 1085, 1099, 1193, 1270, 1732, 1736, 1849, 1868, the barley crop. 1999 and 2047 in particular found to contain abundant quantities of fragments of varying sizes up to 2cm in An increase in agricultural activity is evidenced by large length. A small amount of unburnt bone was recovered abundances of grain recovered in the samples processed in only one sample (1281). Marine shell is present in from four samples taken from the fills of a large pit [1269] five samples with three samples 439, 1281 and 1307 in Area 2A and the samples taken from the excavated found to contain fragments in any abundance. Crab and grain-drying kiln [2397] in Area 2B. periwinkle shell have been identified in samples 1049 and 1307 respectively. Sample 528 taken from a charcoal-rich layer (1274) within the large pit [1269] produced a large quantity of There is some evidence of metal working activity from well-preserved oat grain with lesser amounts of hulled the site in the form of metal working debris with Fe barley grain and was the only sample processed found to (Iron) slag and magnetic residues, which have been found contain more oat than barley. Samples 532 taken from in eighteen samples (see Table 1). High abundances of the upper fill (1272) of the pit and 535 from the basal fill metal working debris have been found in samples 410 (1276) showed slighter lesser amounts of oat and barley and 411 associated with the iron furnace [1000] and while Sample 533 taken from the middle fill (1273) only samples 1281 and 1307, taken from the fill (2513) of a contained a very small amount of abraded indeterminate large pit [2481]. cereal. 137 Ceramic finds include small to abundant amounts The only other finds recovered from the pit samples were of pottery and baked clay in thirteen of the processed occasional fragments of charcoal. The large quantity of samples, with four samples 411, 436, 1058 and 1063 grain present within deposit, absence of weed seeds and (mould fragments of Bronze Age date) found to contain other domestic materials, along with evidence of regular fragments in any abundance. There is also some evidence burning suggests the feature may have been used as a of more recent activity and possible disturbance to contexts storage pit for part of a cleaned crop with carbonisation from the presence of modern glass in four samples (439, of the grain perhaps occurring while the pit was cleansed 886, 1049 and 1179). Coal and cinders were recovered using fire. Cleaning of a storage pit with fire to avoid in roughly equal amounts in three samples, 1061, taken spoilage of grain by fungal diseases and other forms of from the fill of pit [2027] and 1281 and 1307 taken from contamination would have been a common occurrence the fills of the large pit [2481], indicating that at least in the days prior to large scale agricultural improvements small amounts of coal were being utilised in the area. (Fairweather, 1989) and is seen in a similar storage pit in the Highlands such as that excavated at Inchkeil, Duffus, Moray (Shepherd & Shepherd, 1989). Discussion The kiln samples are again dominated by hulled barley Agricultural activity suggesting that it was the main agricultural product of The charred plant remains from Bellfield have produced the area and the most popular cereal throughout the little evidence of early prehistoric cereal cultivation occupation of the site. It does appear, however, that the with only a small number of samples containing grains cultivation of oat increases with samples 1204 and 1207 of naked barley and emmer wheat which are commonly taken from the fills (2402 and 2407) of the kiln having associated with the late Neolithic and Bronze Periods. roughly equal amounts of oat, specifically the black td 2011 td The small number of cereal remains suggests either that oat, and barley. Both hulled barley and black oat were this material hasn’t survived or that only small-scale primary cultivars in the Scottish Highlands throughout (domestic) processing was taking place. A number of the medieval and post-medieval period and would have

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L features did, however, produce artefactual evidence for been expected on sandy soils above the Beauly Firth. early grain processing with a large number of saddle quern, saddle quern fragments, rubbing and pounding The grain remaining in the kiln deposits is likely to

© H eadland A stones (see the finds report). reflect the last use of the kiln before abandonment with processing of the crop likely to have been carried out of sizes up to 3.5cm in length. As yet, the samples have piecemeal throughout the year with grain being dried not been assessed by an osteoarchaeologist but this would when necessary (Holden, 2006). The majority of farms be of prime importance for future work, and would or small group of farms would have had their own grain determine the character of domestic species present and drying kiln as the cool climate with moist summers would animal husbandry strategies employed. deem it necessary to dry the grain for malting, for use in the following year and before grinding (Fenton 1978). Recommendations Gathering of wild foodstuffs The processed samples have been found to contain Evidence for the utilisation of wild food resources is evident a wealth of archaeobotanical material together with throughout the occupation of the site with the remains of finds evidence. Further sample processing would aid in charred nutshell, burnt bone and marine shell all recovered adding more palaeoenvironmental data to the assemblage in abundance. The presence of hazel nutshell, together and possibly locating larger quantities of charred plant with the burnt bone and shell suggests food was gathered remains particularly for the Early and Later Prehistoric (and possibly hunted) and consumed at the site. features from which no large abundances were recovered. Therefore, it is recommended that further samples be Sample 436, taken from the single fill (1095) of pit processed to increase our understanding of the site. [1094] was found to contain the largest amount of hazel nutshell fragments in any of the processed samples, along The palaeoenvironmental data would benefit from with abundant charcoal and two sherds of coarse ware distribution mapping of cereals and charcoal through the and sixty-four lumps of pottery. Sample 437 was taken production of GIS plans for the site. This would help in from the single fill (1095) of pit [1094] was found to looking for concentrations of materials. Therefore, it is contain common nutshell fragments, abundant charcoal recommended that distribution maps are constructed for up to 4cm², early prehistoric pottery and lithics. The the results of the palaeoenvironmental analyses. assemblage as a whole from these samples is suggestive of food refuse being disposed of into the pits. The disposal A more detailed analysis of the grain-containing of food waste into pits is seen at early prehistoric sites assemblages should be undertaken, producing a catalogue across the UK (e.g. Barclay et al, 2002; Timpany et al, of the cereals present and an assessment of their relative 2009) and seems to be a preferred method of disposal. proportions and concentrations by sample. This will give 138 Sample 439, taken from the upper fill (1083) of pit [1081] actual counts of the numbers of charred cereal grains which showed evidence of in situ burning also showed and other plant remains (eg chaff elements, weed seeds, common nutshell fragments. Together with the charred underground plant parts) which will help in determining nutshell, the sample also contained abundant charcoal if crop was reaped or uprooted from the ground, if the and burnt bone .The assemblage as a whole may suggest crops were locally grown and indicate what forms of the remains of an isolated cooking pit. The sample also processing were undertaken at the site. Therefore it is contained modern glass indicating the deposits containing recommended that detailed analysis be undertaken on the nutshell and burnt bone was later disturbed. Charred samples containing abundant cereals, cereal remains, hazel nuts are ubiquitous across prehistoric sites in the weed seeds and underground plant parts. UK and are likely to have formed one of the main staples to the diet of prehistoric peoples, being rich in protein A large amount of charcoal fragments were recovered from and fats (McComb and Simpson, 1999). the sample processing. Analyses of these charcoal fragments would provide further information on the construction As with the earlier probable early prehistoric samples wild materials used and materials selected for firing furnaces food resources are also evidenced in these later period and kilns, together with the woodland types around the samples with exploitation of coastal resources and land site. The multi-period nature of the site also means a good based mammals. Samples 1281 and 1307 taken from a picture of woodland history will be gained from the charcoal possible midden layer (2513) in a large pit [2481] were samples. Therefore, it is recommended that charcoal analysis found to contain large abundances of both burnt mammal be undertaken from a selection of samples relating to the bone and marine shell. The marine shell was identified as structures and activities taking place at the site. winkle which would have been picked by hand off rocks along the coastline of the Beauly Firth to the south of the The burnt bone from the site, both hand collected and from site. The samples also contained large amounts of metallic the processed samples, especially the large abundances waste and cinders. The collective assemblage points to a warrant further osteoarchaeological examination. Burnt mixed dump of materials within the pit. animal bone from the site will provide information on the character of domestic species present and potentially Sample 1270, taken from the upper fill (2465) of a large animal husbandry strategies employed. This would pit was found to contain the largest amount of burnt provide a reasonably comprehensive picture of the use of mammal bone in any of the samples processed. The burnt animal products in the area. Therefore, it is recommended bone comprised large quantities of fragments in a range that the burnt bone samples undergo faunal analysis. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

References Banks, I, Alldritt, D, Duncan, J S, Photos-Jones, E, Simpson, I A, Taylor, K & Simpson, B 2001 ‘Excavation of an Iron Age and Romano-British enclosure at Woodend Farm, Johnstone Bridge, Annandale, 1994 & 1997’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquities of Scotland, 130, 223–281. Barclay, G J, Brophy, K & MacGregor, G 2002 ‘Claish, Stirling: an early Neolithic structure in its context’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 132, 65–138. Boyd, W E 1988 ‘Cereals in Scottish antiquity’, Circaea, 5, 101–110. Cappers, R T J, Bekker, R M & Jans, J E A 2006 Digital seed atlas of the Netherlands, Barkhuis Publishing and Groningen University Library, Groningen. Clapham A R, Tutin T G & Warburg, E F 1962 Flora of the British Isles (2nd Edition), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Fairweather, A D 1989 ‘The Grain’ in ‘A grain storage pit of the pre-improvement period at Inchkeil, Duffus, Moray’ Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 119, 345–351. Fenton, A 1978 The Northern isles: Orkney and Shetland, Edinburgh, John Donald. Holden, T G 2006 ‘The botanical evidence’ in Lowe, C Excavations at Hoddom, Dumfrieshire, Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 150–155. Kenward, H K, Hall, A R & Jones, A K G 1980 ‘A tested set of techniques for the extraction of plant and animal macrofossils from waterlogged archaeological deposits’, Science and Archaeology 22, 3–15. 139 McComb, A M G & Simpson, D 1999 ‘The wild bunch: exploitation of the hazel in prehistoric Ireland’, Ulster Journal of Archaeological Science 58 1–16. Timpany, S, Haston, S-J & Scott, L 2009 The Charred Plant remains from Meadow End Farm, Kincardine, Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd, unpublished client report. Shepherd, I A G & Shepherd, A N 1989 ‘A grain storage pit of the pre-improvement period at Inchkeil, Duffus, Moray’ Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 119, 345–351. Stace, C 1997 New Flora of the British Isles (2nd edition), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Table 1 – Retent Sample Results

Ceramic Charcoal Pottery CBM OBM Stone Glass Industrial waste bone Burnt bone Unburnt Shell Context no. Context Sample no. (l) Vol Sample Prehist. Daub Mortar Lithics Glass slag Fe Mag res Mammal Mammal Marine Qty size Max (cm) dating AMS for avail. Material Cinders Coal Comments Charred plant Charred

1001 410 80 ++++ ++++ ++ + 1 Charcoal +

1002 411 40 ++++ ++++ ++++ + ++ 1.5 Charcoal +

1083 439 10 + + +++ +++ Nutshell ++++ 1.5 Charcoal Marine shell is +++ ++, crab Nutshell ++, Shell ++, Burnt Bone ++

1095 436 30 ++++ + Nutshell ++++ 1 Charcoal ++++ +++, Nutshell ++++

1097 437 30 + + Nutshell ++++ 4 Charcoal +++ +++, Nutshell ++++

1117 457 10 + + 1 Charcoal +

1193 492 10 + +++ 2 Charcoal 140 +++

1221 490 20 ++++ ++++ 2.5 Charcoal ++, Burnt Bone ++++

1239 511 20 +++ ++++ 1 Charcoal ++, Burnt Bone ++

1240 513 20 + Nutshell +++ 0.5 Nutshell + +

1254 520 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

1266 525 20 + Nutshell + 1 +

1272 532 10 +++ 1 Charcoal +

1273 533 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

1274 528 10 +++ 1.5 Charcoal +

1276 535 10 ++++ 2 Charcoal ++

1295 540 20 ++++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

1307 543 10 Nutshell + 1 Charcoal +++ +, nutshell ++++ Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

1321 547 10 + Cereal + 1 Charcoal grain +, Cereal ++++ Grain ++++

1326 549 10 + ++++ ++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt Bone +++

1377 743 10 +++ 1 Charcoal +

1383 745 10 + ++ 1 Charcoal +

1426 772 10 Archaeological Sterile.

1430 773 10 + +++ 1 Charcoal +

1513 821 10 + ++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt Bone +

1513 851 10 ++ Nutshell ++++ <1 Charcoal not + retained

1513 853 10 ++ ++++ <1 Burnt Charcoal not Bone + retained 141 1526 818 20 + ++++ 2 Charcoal +++

1625 850 2 Nutshell ++ 0.5 +

1636 854 10 + + 1 Charcoal +

1668 869 20 ++++ 3 Charcoal ++

1688 900 10 ++ ++++ 2.5 Charcoal ++++, Burnt Bone +

1703 886 10 + +++ Nutshell Nutshell +, + Burnt Bone ++

1732 902 10 ++++ ++++ 1.5 Charcoal ++, Burnt Bone +++

1736 905 10 + +++ ++++ 2 Charcoal +++, Burnt Bone ++

td 2011 td 1738 907 10 + + 1 Charcoal +

1746 911 10 ++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1749 914 20 +++ ++++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt Bone +++ © H eadland A Ceramic Charcoal Pottery CBM OBM Stone Glass Industrial waste bone Burnt bone Unburnt Shell Context no. Context Sample no. (l) Vol Sample Prehist. Daub Mortar Lithics Glass slag Fe Mag res Mammal Mammal Marine Qty size Max (cm) dating AMS for avail. Material Cinders Coal Comments Charred plant Charred

1760 953 10 + ++++ 1 Charcoal +

1768 957 10 + +++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt bone +

1823 959 10 + +++ <1 Charcoal and burnt bone not retained.

1839 948 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

1849 978 10 +++ ++++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt bone +++

1868 1050 10 ++++ ++++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt bone ++

1923 1002 5 + ++++ 1 Charcoal +

1982 1041 5 +

1999 1048 20 ++++ ++++ 1 Charcoal 142 +, burnt bone ++++

2002 1049 10 ++ ++++ + Seed +++ 1.5 Charcoal Marine shell is indet.+ +, Burnt crab bone +++

2022 1053 10 + 1 Charcoal +

2022 1054 10 ++ + + 1 Charcoal +

2022 1058 10 ++++ +++ ++++ 1.5 Charcoal +

2022 1059 10 + + + ++++ 2 Charcoal ++

2022 1060 10 + ++++ 2 Charcoal Burnt Bone not ++ retained.

2022 1062 10 + ++++ 1.5 Charcoal ++

2022 1063 10 + ++ + ++++ 2 Charcoal daub is kiln ++ material

2028 1061 10 + + + + Cinders and coal not retained

2037 1068 10 + + ++ 1.5 Charcoal +, Burnt bone +

2045 1076 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained. Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

2047 1107 10 + ++++ ++++ 1 Charcoal ++. Burnt bone ++++

2062 1085 20 ++++ ++++ 1 Charcoal +, Burnt Bone ++++

2074 1125 10 + 1 Charcoal +

2086 1093 10 ++++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

2089 1089 10 ++ 0.5

2090 1090 10 ++ 1 Charcoal ++

2091 1091 10 Archaeologically Sterile.

2154 1123 10 + + + 1.5 Charcoal + Flint

2194 1131 10 ++++ 1 Charcoal +++ 143 2196 1133 10 ++++ 1.5 Charcoal ++

2197 1134 5 +++ 1 Charcoal +

2198 1135 10 Archaeologically Sterile.

2261 1148 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

2319 1172 10 + 1 Charcoal +

2320 1173 10 ++ + 1 Charcoal +, Burnt bone +

2325 1171 10 ++ 1 Charcoal +

2328 1179 10 + + + 1 Charcoal +

2373 1197 10 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

2374 1198 5 + <1 Charcoal not retained.

2381 1192 10 + + Nutshell +++ <1 Charcoal not + retained. td 2011 td

2398 1203 10 ++++ 3 Charcoal ++++

rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2399 1208 5 +++ 1 Charcoal ++ © H eadland A Ceramic Charcoal Pottery CBM OBM Stone Glass Industrial waste bone Burnt bone Unburnt Shell Context no. Context Sample no. (l) Vol Sample Prehist. Daub Mortar Lithics Glass slag Fe Mag res Mammal Mammal Marine Qty size Max (cm) dating AMS for avail. Material Cinders Coal Comments Charred plant Charred

2400 1209 5 ++++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

2402 1204 10 + ++++ 2.5 Charcoal ++++

2403 1205 10 ++++ 3 Charcoal ++++

2404 1211 10 ++++ 3 Charcoal ++++

2405 1236 5 Cereal ++++ 2.0 Charcoal Grain++ +++, Cereal Grain ++

2406 1206 20 ++++ 2 Charcoal ++++

2407 1207 10 ++++ 2.5 Charcoal ++++

2408 1237 5 Cereal ++++ 3 Charcoal Grain ++++, ++++ Cereal 144 Grain ++++

2421 1216 5 +++ 1 Charcoal +

2422 1214 10 + ++++ 3 Charcoal Charcoal not ++ retained.

2428 1218 10 ++++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

2436 1235 10 ++++ 1 Charcoal ++

2449 1245 10 ++ + ++++ 2.5 Charcoal +

2465 1270 10 ++ ++++ + ++++ 2.5 Charcoal Marine shell is ++++, crab Burnt Bone ++++

2513 1281 10 ++++ + +++ + 1.5 Charcoal + Marine shell is +, Unburnt winkle. Cinders bone +, not retained. shell +++

2513 1307 20 ++++ +++ +++ ++++ 1 Charcoal +++ marine shell in +, Burnt winkle. Cinders Bone + not retained.

2522 1290 10 ++++ 4 Charcoal +

2523 1291 10 ++ <1 Charcoal not retained.

Key + = rare, ++ = occasional, +++ = common and ++++ = abundant

NB charcoal over 1cm is suitable for identification and AMS dating Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Table 2 – Flotation sample results

Cereal grain Charcoal

Context no. Context Sample no. Vol (ml) flot Total sp. Avena vulgare Hordeum vulgare Hordeum nudum var aestivum- Triticum compactum dicoccum Triticum spelta Triticum cereale Secale indet. Cerealia Other remains plant Qty (cm) Max size available Material AMS for Comments

1001 410 110 Veronica ++++ 1.2 charcoal hederifolia ++ ++

1002 411 110 + + ++++ 1.5 charcoal Charcoal includes ++++ roundwoods (mostly small twigs )

1083 439 70 + Bromus sp.++, Euphorbia helioscopia +, Galaeopsis sp. +, Rumex acetosella +, Veronica hederifolia +

1095 436 130 ++++ 2 charcoal Charcoal includes ++++ some oak

1097 437 300 ++++ 1.8 charcoal +++

1117 457 10 + <0.5

1193 492 30 Lapsana ++++ 1.2 charcoal communis + 145 +, Euphorbia helioscopia +

1221 490 120 ++++ 1 charcoal +

1239 511 100 + Vicia/lathyrus sp.+ ++++ 1.2 charcoal ++

1240 513 30 + +++ <1

1254 520 20 Euphorbia + <0.5 helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +, Fungal sclerotia +

1266 525 8 ++ <0.5

1272 532 20 ++ + + Veronica + <0.5 Cereal grain is hederifolia +, poorly preserved Poaceae +

1273 533 5 + + <0.5

1274 528 40 ++++ ++ Galaeopsis ++ <1 Sample contains sp. +, Lapsana more oat than communis +, barley Fungal sclerotia + td 2011 td 1276 533 10 + + + Chenopodium ++ <0.5 Cereal grain is album +, Poaceae poorly preserved indet. (large) + rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 1295 540 40 + + Euphorbia helioscopia +, Fungal sclerotia + © H eadland A Cereal grain Charcoal

1307 543 20 Veronica +++ <1 hederifolia +, Corylus avellana nutshell +

1321 547 60 + + Veronica ++ <0.5 hederifolia +, Corylus avellana nutshell +

1326 549 30 ++ <1

1377 743 15 +

1383 745 10 + Veronica + <0.5 hederifolia +

1426 772 20 + + Veronica ++ <0.5 hederifolia +, Rumex sp. +

1430 773 20 + + <0.5

1513 821 15 + Euphorbia +++ <1 helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +

146 1513 851 20 + Veronica hederifolia +

1513 853 30 Veronica +++ 1.1 charcoal hederifolia ++, + Quercus sp. +

1526 818 70 + + Veronica +++ 1.2 charcoal hederifolia ++, + Fungal sclerotia +

1625 850 2 + + <0.5

1636 854 20 Veronica +++ <1 hederifolia +, Bud indet.+

1668 869 40 + + Euphorbia helioscopia +

1688 900 50 ++++ 1.6 charcoal Charcoal is ++ mostly oak

1703 886 10 + Euphorbia helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +, Fungal sclerotia +

1732 902 30 Euphorbia +++ 1 charcoal helioscopia +, + Fungal sclerotia +, Bud indet. +

1736 905 40 + ++ +++ 1.2 charcoal + Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Cereal grain Charcoal

1738 907 10 + ++ Euphorbia charred helioscopia cereal +, Veronica ++ hederifolia +++

1746 911 20 + <0.5

1749 914 50 Veronica ++ <1 hederifolia +

1760 953 20 Euphorbia +++ <0.5 helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +

1768 957 20 Euphorbia helioscopia +, Rumex sp. +

1823 959 30 + <1

1839 948 30 + <0.5

1849 978 20 Euphorbia + <1 helioscopia +, Rumex sp. +, Fungal sclerotia +

1868 1050 30 + +++ <0.5 147

1923 1002 2 + <0.5

1982 1041 5 + Veronica hederifolia +, Fungal sclerotia +

1999 1048 40 + + + ++ <0.5

2002 1049 30 Euphorbia ++ <1 helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +

2022 1053 20 Fungal sclerotia + +++ <0.5

2022 1054 620 + + Fungal sclerotia + ++++ 1.4 Charcoal Charcoal is ++++ mostly oak

2022 1058 70 Plantago ++++ 2.4 charcoal Charcoal is lanceolata ++++ mostly oak +, Euphorbia helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +, Chenopodium album +, Rumex acetosa + td 2011 td 2022 1059 20 Euphorbia helioscopia +, Fungal sclerotia + rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2022 1060 20 +++ <1 Sample contains cinders + © H eadland A Cereal grain Charcoal

2022 1062 30 + + + ++++ 1.2 charcoal ++

2022 1063 40 + ++++ 1.5 charcoal Charcoal is ++ mostly oak

2028 1061 30 + + <0.5

2037 1068 30 ++ <1

2045 1076 20 ++++ 1.3 charcoal Charcoal is ++ mostly oak

2047 1107 40 + ++++ 1 charcoal +

2062 1085 20 + + Veronica charred hederifolia +, cereal + Fungal sclerotia +

2074 1125 10 + + Cereal chaff ++ <1 including corn node +

2086 1093 10 ++ Chenopodium ++ <1 album +, Veronica hederifolia +

148 2089 1089 30 +++ 2.6 charcoal +++

2090 1090 10 + <0.5

2091 1091 2 Archaeologically sterile

2154 1123 30 + + Euphorbia +++ <1 helioscopia +

2194 1131 30 + ++ +++ 1.7 charcoal Barley is + immature

2196 1133 5 + <1

2197 1134 2 + <0.5

2198 1135 2 Archaeologically sterile

2261 1148 10 ++ 1.6 charcoal +

2319 1172 40 + Euphorbia helioscopia +, Fungal sclerotia +

2320 1173 10 + +

2325 1171 5 +

2328 1179 5 Plantago + <0.5 lanceolata +

2373 1197 5 + <0.5

2374 1198 2 Archaeologically sterile Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Cereal grain Charcoal

2381 1192 10 Euphorbia + <0.5 helioscopia +

2398 1203 50 + ++ Veronica ++++ 1.6 charcoal hederifolia +, +++ Montia fontana +

2399 1208 5 + <0.5

2400 1209 5 + <0.5

2402 1204 90 ++++ ++++ + Lapsana ++++ 2 charred Charcoal includes communis cereal roundwoods +++, Poaceae ++++ (twigs and indet. (large) charcoal larger branch ++++, Veronica +++ fragments) hederifolia +, Corylus avellana nutshell +, Cereal chaff including rachis internodes ++++, underground plant parts and root fragments +

2403 1205 60 +++ ++++ + Lapsana ++++ 1.7 charred A small number communis ++, cereal of oat grains with 149 Poaceae indet. ++++ awn fragments (large) +++ charcoal on the back of ++++ the grain indicate presence of black oat.

2404 1211 40 +++ ++++ + Carex sp. +, ++++ 2.3 charred Some cereal Poaceae indet. cereal grains are still (large) ++++, ++++ held within Cereal chaff + charcoal lemma/palea. ++ Charcoal includes twigs

2405 1236 30 ++ +++ + + Chenopodium ++ 1 charred album +, Lapsana cereal communis +++ +, Plantago charcoal lanceolata + +, Veronica hederifolia +

2406 1206 80 ++ ++++ Lapsana ++++ 1.9 charcoal Charcoal includes communis +, ++++ roundwood. At Polygonum least two species lapathifolium +, of large grained Poaceae indet. grass present. (large) +++, Cereal chaff +, td 2011 td Underground plant parts + rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Cereal grain Charcoal

2407 1207 40 ++++ ++++ Asteraceae ++, +++ 1.1 charred Polygonum cereal lapathifolium L, ++++ Galaopsis sp.+, charcoal Cereal chaff +++, ++ Bud indet. +

2408 1237 20 +++ ++++ + Asteraceae ++, + <0.5 charred Poaceae indet. cereal (large) ++, Rumex ++++ sp. ++, Carex sp. +

2421 1216 20 ++++ 1.6 charcoal Charcoal is + mostly oak

2422 1214 50 ++++ 3 charcoal Charcoal is +++ mostly oak

2428 1218 20 ++ <1

2436 1235 30 Fungal sclerotia + ++++ <1

2449 1245 80 + ++ ++++ 1.9 charcoal +

2465 1270 70 + + Veronica ++++ 2.5 charcoal hederifolia +, ++ Rumex sp.+, Fungal sclerotia +

2513 1281 30 +++ Sample contains shell fragments +

2513 1307 90 + ++++ ++ 1 charred cereal ++++ charcoal +

2522 1290 20 + +++ + Bromus sp. Charcoal is ++, Euphorbia mostly oak helioscopia +, Veronica hederifolia +

2523 1291 4 + Veronica + <0.5 hederifolia +

Key + = rare, ++ = occasional, +++ = common and ++++ = abundant

NB charcoal over 1cm is suitable for identification and AMS dating td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Addendum Appendices

Appendix 1 – Site registers

Context register

Context no. Area Descriptive interpretation

2580 WB Fill of [2581]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional stones. Clear interface. Measures 0.74m by 0.74m and 0.14m deep. Silting of pit [2581].

2581 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, concave sides and uneven base. Measures 0.74m by 0.74m and 0.14m deep.

2582 WB Fill of [2583]. Firm dark brown silty sand. Mostly clear interface, less so at base. Measures 0.26m by 0.23m and 0.15m deep. Final silting of pit/posthole [2583].

2583 WB Cut of pit/posthole. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.26m by 0.23m by 0.15m deep.

2584 WB Fill of [2585]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional small stone and charcoal inclusions. Measures 0.54m by 0.34m and 0.07m deep. Final silting of possible pit [2585].

2585 WB Cut of possible pit. Irregular in plan with gradual breaks of slope, shallow sides and concave base. Measures 0.54m by 0.34m and 0.07m deep. Irregularity and shallowness suggests burrowing/root action.

2586 WB Fill of [2587]. Fairly firm dark grey silty sand, with very frequent (90%) sub-rounded stones of around 0.17m by 0.12m by 0.06m in size. Measures 0.74m by 0.66m and 0.22m deep.

2587 WB Cut of pit. Sub circular, with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and fairly uneven base. Measures 0.74m by 0.66m and 0.22m deep.

2588 WB Fill of [2589]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional charcoal inclusions. Fairly clear interface. Measures 1.5m by 1.5m and 0.2m deep. Final silting of shallow pit [2589].

2589 WB Cut of shallow pit. Sub circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and mostly flat base. Measures 1.5m by 1.5m and 0.2m deep. Possible tree-throw?

2590 WB Fill of [2591. Firm dark brown/grey silty sand with very occasional stone inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.76m by 0.6m and 0.1m deep. Silting of pit [2591].

2591 WB Cut of shallow pit. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, 450 sides and flat base. Measures 0.76m by 0.6m and 0.1m deep.

2592 WB Fill of [2593]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional pebbles. Clear interface. Measures 0.45m by 0.34m and 0.09m deep. Silting of possible pit [2593].

2593 WB Cut of possible pit. Irregular-suboval in plan with sharp breaks of slope, 450 sidess and shallow v-shaped base. Measures 0.45m by 0.34m and 0.09m deep. Possible stone hole/burrowing.

2594 WB Fill of [2595]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional stone inclusions. Poorly defined interface. Measures 0.2m by o.2m and 0.12m deep. Silting of possible pit/posthole [2595] but appears somewhat mixed – root action?

2595 WB Cut of possible pit/posthole. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.2m by 0.2m and 0.12m deep. Possible root action/burrowing?

2596 WB Secondary fill of [2698]. Firm black silty sand with charcoal and burnt bone inclusions, and several pottery fragments. Somewhat diffuse interface. Measures 0.7m by 0.64m and 0.42m deep. Does not appear to represent in situ burning, more likely deposition.

2597 WB Primary fill of [2598]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occassional stone inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.7m by 0.64m and 0.42m deep. Silting of pit [2598].

2598 WB Cut of pit. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and rounded base. Measures 0.7m by 0.64m and 0.42m deep.

2599 WB Cut of pit. Oval with clear breaks of slope (less so to S side), irregular sides and flat base. Measures 1.55m by 0.8m and 0.23m deep. Somewhat affected by burrowing. Surrounding sand somewhat heat affected sugesting in situ burning. Cooking pit?

2600 WB Fill of [2599]. Moderately loose dark grey-black slightly silty sand with red/orange sandy patches, regular small rounded stones, charcoal and bone fragments, and occasional pottery and clay fragments. Measures 1.55m by 0.8m and 0.23m deep. Probable in situ td 2011 td 2601 WB Cut of pit/posthole. Circular with clear breaks of slope, near vertical sides and concave base. Measures 0.4m by 0.43m and 0.12m deep.

2602 WB Fill of [2600]. Moderately loose dark brown/grey slightly silty sand with occasional small stone and charcoal inclusions, and one Fe object (possible knife blade). More charcoal rich towards N side. Measures 0.43m by 0.4m and 0.12m deep. Probable silting of. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2603 WB Cut of possible posthole. Circular with clear breaks of slope, near vertical sides and concave base. Measures 0.35 by 0.35m and 0.1m deep. © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Descriptive interpretation

2604 WB Fill of [2603]. Moderately loose mid-dark gret slighlty silty sand with occasional small rounded stoen inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.55m by 0.35m and 0.1m deep. Fill very similar to [2602] though without any sign of burning. Silting of possible post.

2605 WB Cut of probable tree-throw. Irregular in plan, with unclear breaks of slopw, and irregular sides and base. Measures 1.38m by 1.53m and 0.15m deep.

2606 WB Fill of [2605]. Moderately loose mottled dark grey/yellow/brown sand with regular small rounded stone inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 1.38m by 1.53m and 0.15m deep. Disturbed silting of treethrow [2605].

2607 WB Cut of possible posthole. Sub-oval with clear breaks of slope, near vertical sides and concave base. Measures 0.54m by 0.33m and 0.15m deep.

2608 WB Fill of [2607]. Moderately loose dark grey silty sand. Measures 0.54m by 0.33m and 0.15m deep. Silting of possible posthole [2607].

2609 WB Cut of probable burrow. Sub-oval with clear breask of slope, irregular sides and concave base. Measures 0.7m by 0.6m and 0.2m deep.

2610 WB Fill of [2609]. Moderately loose mixed mid brown/grey sand with occasional small sub-rounded stones. Measures 0.7m by 0.6m and 0.2m deep. Silting of probable burrow [2609].

2611 WB Fill of [2612]. Fairly firm dark brown silty sand with very occasional small stone inclusions. Measures 0.48m by 0.3m and 0.21m deep. Silting of pit [2612].

2612 WB Cut of small pit. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, fairly steep sides and rounded base. Measures 0.48m by 0.3m and 0.21m deep.

2613 WB Fill of [2614]. Firmish dark brown silty sand with abundant burnt bone and charcoal inclusions. Measures 0.96m by 0.38m and 0.08m deep. Patch of probable in situ burning in pit [2614].

2614 WB Cut of shallow pit. Sub-oval with clear breaks of slope, gently sloping sides and flattish base. Measures 0.96m by 0.38m and 0.08m deep. Possible cooking pit?

2615 WB Fill of [2616]. Firmish dark brown silty sand with very occasional small pebbles . Measures 0.48m by 0.42m and 0.19m deep. Silting of pit [2616].

2616 WB Cut of pit. Sub circular with sharp breaks of slope and vertical side on S, with sloping base. Measures 0.48m by 0.42m and 0.19m deep. Possible stone hole?

2617 WB Fill of [2618]. Firmish dark brown-grey silty sand with occasional bone fragments. Clear interface. Measures 0.25m by 0.23m and 0.08m deep. Silting of pit/posthole [2618].

2618 WB Cut of pit/posthole. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, sloping sides and rounded base. Measures 0.25m by 0.23m and 0.08m deep. Some heat-affected sand adjacent – possible burning nearby?

2619 WB Fill of [2620]. Firmish dark brown/grey silty sand with frequent rounded stone and occasional charcoal inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.55m by 0.5m and 0.05m deep. Silting of shallow pit [2620].

2620 WB Cut of shallow pit. Sub-circular with gradual breaks of slope, gently sloping sides and uneven base. Measures 0.55m by 0.5m and 0.05m deep. Possible cooking pit?

2621 WB Fill of [2622]. Firm dark brown/black silty sand with occasional rounded stone and charcoal inclusions. Fairly clear interface. Measures 0.6m by 0.55m and 0.07m deep. Possible dump of burnt material into pit [2622], or silting mixed with residual charcoal.

2622 WB Cut of pit. Sub-circular with very gradual breaks of slope, shallow sides and fairly uneven base. Measures 0.6m by 0.55m and 0.07m deep. No sign of in situ burning.

2623 WB Fill of [2624]. Loose dark brown silty sand with occasional charcoal inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.22m by 0.18m and 0.03m deep. Silting of shallow pit [2624].

2624 WB Cut of shallow pit. Sub-circular with gradual breaks of slope and sides and rounded base. Measures 0.22m by 0.18m and 0.03m deep.

2625 WB Fill of [2626]. Firm dark brown silty sand with occasional stone inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.35m by 035m ad 0.14m deep. Silting of pit [2626].

2626 WB Cut of pit. Sub-circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and rounded base. Measures 0.35m by 0.35m and 0.14m deep.

2700 WB Cut of shallow pit. Irregular-oval in plan, with gradual breaks of slope, gradual sides and slightly concave/uneven base. Measures 1.6m by 0.88m and 0.08m deep. Stained natural sand suggests in situ burning. Possible burnt-out tree-throw. td 2011 td 2701 WB Single fill of [2700]. Soft dark brown/black sand with occasional charcoal flecks. Slightly diffuse interface. Measures 1.6m by 0.88m and 0.08 deep.

2702 WB Cut of possible pit. Irregular/circular with uneven breaks of slope, sides and base. Measures 0.8m by 0.58m and 0.08 deep. Probable bioturbation. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L 2703 WB Single fill of [2702]. Soft, greyish brown sand. Diffuse interface. Measures 08.m by 0.58m and 0.08m deep. © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Descriptive interpretation

2704 WB Cut of isolated posthole. Circular with fairly sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and slightly concave base. Measures 0.45m by 0.45m and 0.15 deep.

2705 WB Fill of [2704]. Soft light grey/brown sand. Clear interface. Measures 0.35m by 0.18m and 0.15m deep. May be packed against possible post-pipe [2706], though this could just be a lighter patch within this deposit.

2706 WB Possible postpipe in [2704]. Soft dark blackish brown sand. Clear interface. Measures 0.45m by 0.23m and 0.15 deep. Possible postpipe or variation within fill [2705].

2707 WB Cut of isolated posthole. Roughly circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.51m by 0.3m and 0.22 deep. Disturbance/possible stone hole immediately adjacent to the WSW. Possible hearth?

2708 WB Single fill of [2707]. Firm dark brownish grey silty sand with 5–10% small sub rounded stone inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.51m by 0.3m and 0.22m deep.

2709 WB Cut of very shallow pit. Roughly oval with shallow breaks of slope and sides and uneven base. Measures 0.65m by 0.5m and 0.04m deep. Heavily truncated. Possible patch of in situ burning, may be modern.

2710 WB Single fill of [2709]. Soft black burnt sand with occasional small rounded stone inclusions. Measures 0.65m by 0.5m and 0.04 deep. Possible hearth deposit/modern in situ burning.

2711 WB Cut of isolated posthole. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, fairly steep sides and flattish base. Measures 0.37m by 0.37m and 0.1m deep.

2712 WB Single fill of [2711]. Firm mid-dark brown-grey silty sand with occasional small rounded stone inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.37m by 0.37m by 0.1m.

2713 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, fairly steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.74m by 0.74m and 0.14 deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2714 WB Single fill of [2713]. Soft brownish grey silty sand with occasional small stones and charcoal flecks. Slightly diffuse interface. Measures 0.74m by 0.74m and 0.14m deep.

2715 WB Palaeochannel deposit. Soft mid-dark brown silty sand. Clear interface. Pit Group 9 cut through this. Not excavated as encountered in evaluation.

2716 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.56m by 0.42m and 0.31m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715]. Possible waste pit due to concentration of pottery sherds in primary fill [2718].

2717 WB Secondary fill of [2716]. Soft brownish grey silty sand, with occasional stone and charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.56m by 0.42m and 0.22m deep. Final silting up of pit [2716].

2718 WB Primary fill of [2716]. Soft greyish black silty sand with occasional charcoal and stone inclusions, and frequent pottery sherds. Measurements not recorded. Deliberate backfill of pit [2716], possible waste dump.

2719 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and slightly concave-flat base. Measures 0.62m by 0.58m and 0.29m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715]. Possible hearth/fire pit.

2720 WB Secondary fill of [2719]. Soft brownish grey silty sand with occasional small stone and charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.62m by 0.58m and 0.14m deep. Final silting of pit [2719].

2721 WB Primary fill of [2719]. Friable black charcoal-rich silty sand. Clear interface. Measures 0.62m by 0.58m and 0.19m deep. Possible in situ burning.

2722 WB Cut of pit. Oval with shallow breaks of slope, shallow uneven sides and uneven base. Measures 1.3m by 0.75m and 0.16m deep.

2723 WB Fill of [2722]. Soft blackish grey silty sand with concentration of large rounded stones and occasional charcoal flecks. Clear interface. Measures 1.3m by 0.75m and 0.16m deep.

2724 WB Cut of shallow pit. Circualr with shallow breaks of slopes and sides, and concave base. Measures 0.7m buy 0.65m and 0.09m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715]. No sign of in situ burning, though primary fill [2726].

2725 WB Secondary fill of [2724]. Soft dark greyish brown silty sand, with occasional charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.7m by 0.65m and 0.06m deep. Final silting of pit [2724].

2726 WB Primary fill of [2724]. Compact light brown-grey sand. Clear interface. Measures 0.7m by 0.65m and 0.03 deep. May have been heated?

2727 WB Cut of pit. Circular with shallow breaks of slope and sides, and concave base. Measures 1.04m by 0.65m and 0.1m deep. Part of Pit td 2011 td Group 9.

2728 WB Single fill of [2727]. Soft brownish grey silty sand. Clear interface. Measures 1.04m by 0.65m and 0.1m deep. Silting of pit [2727].

2729 WB Cut of pit. Circular with shallow breaks of slope and sides, and concave base. Measures 0.6m by 0.6m and 0.07m deep. rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L Part of Pit Group 9.

2730 WB Single fill of [2729]. Soft greyish brown silty sand. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.6m by 0.6m and 0.07m deep. Silting of pit [2729]. © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Context no. Area Descriptive interpretation

2731 WB Cut of pit. Roughly circular with sharp breaks of slope, step sides and slightly concave base. Measures 0.65m by 0.55m and 0.19m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2732 WB Single fill of [2731]. Soft brownish black silty sand with occasional charcoal inclusions. One large stone – deliberately placed? Diffuse interface. Measures 0.65m by 0.55m and 0.19m deep. Silting of pit [2731].

2733 WB Cut of pit. Rectangular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.8m by 0.6m and 0.28m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2734 WB Single fill of [2733]. Soft brownish black silty sand with occasional charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. One very large stone (0.55m by 0.5m by 0.3m) appears to have been deliberately placed within. Measures 0.8m by 0.6m and 0.28m deep. Silting of pit

2735 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and slightly concave base. Measures 0.65m by 0.6m and 0.13m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2736 WB Single fill of [2735]. Soft blackish brown silty sand with occasional stone and charcoal inclusions, and several sherds of courseware. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.65 by 0.6 and 0.13m deep. Silting of pit [2735].

2737 WB Cut of pit. Circular with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.45m by 0.35m and 0.18m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2738 WB Fill of [2737]. Soft blackish brown silty sand with occasional stone and charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.45m by 0.35m and 0.18m deep. Silting of pit [2737].

2739 WB Cut of pit. Squarish with sharp breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.64m by 0.6m and 0.21m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2740 WB Single fill of [2739]. Soft brownish grey silty sand with occasional charcoal inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.64m by 0.6m and 0.21m deep. Silting of pit [2739].

2741 WB Cut of pit. Circular with gradual breaks of slope and sides, and concave base. Measures 0.65m by 0.5m and 0.2m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715]. Somewhat machine-truncated.

2742 WB Single fill of [2741]. Soft blackish brown silty sand with occasional mid-sized stones and charcoal inclusions. Diffuse interface. Measures 0.65m by 0.5m and 0.2m deep. Silting of pit [2741].

2743 WB Cut of pit. Circular with gradual breaks of slope, fairly steep sides and concave base. Measures 0.68m by 0.58m and 0.22m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715].

2744 WB Single fill of [2743]. Soft blackish brown silty sand with occasional stone and charcoal inclusions, and several coarseware sherds. Measures 0.68m by 0.58m and 0.22m deep. Silting of pit [2743.]

2745 WB Cut of large pit. Circular with clear breaks of slope, steep sides and concave base. Measures 1.45m by 1.35m and 0.45m deep. Part of Pit Group 9. Cut through palaeochannel [2715]. Possible hearth?

2746 WB Tertiary fill of [2745]. Soft blackish grey silty sand with 70% rounded stone and occasional charcoal inclusions. Measures 0.3m by 0.25m and 0.13m deep. Stones appear to be deliberately placed and may have been used for heating. Possible re-use of silted up.

2747 WB Secondary fill of [2745]. Soft light grey-brown silty sand with occasional stone inclusions. Measures 1.1m by 1.1m and 0.2m deep. Silting of pit [2745].

2748 WB Primary fill of [2745]. Soft greyish black silty sand with 50–60% charcoal inclusions. Clear interface. Measures 0.26m by 0.26m and 0.17m deep. Found against side of pit [2745] – possible hearth deposit, cleared aside after use? td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Bellfield Farm, North Kessock BLNK08/009 Headland Archaeology Ltd

Photographic register

Photo no. Facing DESCRIPTION Photo no. Facing DESCRIPTION

1525 – ID shot 1554 E Post-ex shot of [2614] – [2622]

1526 S General shot ofter first few hours’ stripping 1555 W E facing secion of pit [2626]

1527 S N facing section of pit [2581] 1600 – ID shot

1528 S N facing section of posthole [2583] 1601 SE NW facing section through pit/bioturbation [2702] 1529 S N facing section of pit/posthole [2585] 1602 SSE NNW facing section through posthole [2704] 1530 SSE NNW facing section of pit [2587] 1603 SE Pre-ex shot of possible hearth [2709] 1531 S N facing section of pit [2589] 1604 E W facing section of posthole [2711] 1532 S N facing section of pit [2591] 1605 N S facing section of posthole [2707] 1533 S N facing section of pit [2593] 1606 SSW NNE facing section of pit [2700] 1534 S N facing section of pit [2595] 1607 SW NE facing section of possible hearth [2709] 1535 W Pre-ex shot of burnt patch [2599] and postholes [2601] and [2603] 1608 E W facing section of pit [2713]

1536 S N facing section of pit [2598] – part excavated, 1609 ESE WNW facing section of pit [2716] showing pottery in situ 1610 ESE WNW facing section of pit [2719] 1537 E W facing section of burnt patch [2599] 1611 NE SW facing section of pit [2722] 1538 S N facing section of pit [2598] 1612 ESE Pre-ex shot of pit [2745] 1539 S N facing section of pits [2598] and [2612] 1613 NE SW facing section of pit [2724] 1540 W E facing section of posthole [2601] 1614 W E facing section of pit [2727] 1541 W E facing section of posthole [2603] 1615 WNW ESE facing section of pit [2729] 1542 E Pre-ex shot of [2614] – [2616] 155 1616 W E facing section of pits [2731] and [2733] 1543 SE NW facing section of pit [2605] 1617 N S facing section of pits [2735] and [2737] 1544 S N facing section of pit [2607] 1618 ESE Pre-ex shot of pit [2745] 1545 S N facing section of pit [2609] 1619 NNW SSE facing section of pit [2739] 1546 E W facing section of pit [2614] 1620 ENE WSW facing section of pit [2741] 1547 E W facing section of pit [2616] 1621 NNE SSW facing section of pit [2743] 1548 E W facing section of pit [2618] 1622 W General shot of Pit Group 9 1549 E Pit [2599] fully excavated 1623 W General shot of Pit Group 9 1550 E W facing section of pit [2620] 1624 N General shot of Pit Group 9 1551 E Posthole [2601] fully excavated 1625 SSE NNW facing section of pit [2745] 1552 E Posthole [2603] fully excavated 1626 W Detail of stone within [2733] 1553 E W facing section of pit [2622] td 2011 td rchaeology (UK)rchaeology L © H eadland A Sample register

Sample no. Context no. Description Sample no. Context no. Description

1327 2580 Fill of cut [2581] 1350 2621 Fill of cut [2622]

1328 2582 Fill of cut [2583] 1351 2623 Fill of cut [2624]

1329 2584 Fill of cut [2575] 1352 2625 Fill of cut [2626]

1330 2586 Fill of cut [2587] 1400 2710 Fill of cut [2709]

1331 2588 Fill of cut [2589] 1401 2717 Secondary fill of cut [2716]

1332 2590 Fill of cut [2591] 1402 2718 Primary fill of cut [2716]

1333 2592 Fill of cut [2593] 1403 2720 Secondary fill of cut [2719]

1334 2594 Fill of cut [2595] 1404 2721 Primary fill of cut [2719]

1335 2596 Secondary fill of cut [2598] – possibly mixed 1405 2742 Fill of cut [2741] with [2597] – disposed of on site. 1406 2725 Secondary fill of cut [2724] 1336 2596 Secondary fill of cut [2598] 1407 2726 Primary fill of cut [2724] 1337 2497 Primary fill of cut [2598] 1408 2728 Fill of cut [2727] 1338 2611 Fill of cut [2612] 1409 2730 Fill of cut [2729] 1339 2600 Fill of cut [2599] (west side) 1410 2732 Fill of cut [2731] 1340 2602 Fill of cut [2601] (east side) 1411 2734 Fill of cut [2733] 1341 2604 Fill of cut [2603] (east side) 1412 2736 Fill of cut [2735] 1342 2608 Fill of cut [2607] 1413 2738 Fill of cut [2737] 1343 2613 Fill of cut [2614] 1414 2740 Fill of cut [2738] 1344 2615 Fill of cut [2616] 156 1415 2744 Fill of cut [2743] 1345 2600 Fill of cut [2599] (east side) 1416 2714 Fill of cut [2713] 1346 2617 Fill of cut [2618] 1417 2746 Tertiary fill of cut [2745] 1347 2619 Fill of cut [2620] 1418 2747 Secondary fill of cut [2745] 1348 2602 Fill of cut [2601] (west side) 1419 2748 Primary fill of cut [2645] 1349 2604 Fill of cut [2603] (west side)

Drawing register

Drawing no. Type Scale Description

930 Section 1:10 N facing section of pit [2598]

1000 Section 1:10 NNW facing section of pit [2704]

1001 Section 1:10 WNW facing section of pit [2716]

1002 Section 1:10 WNW facing section of pit [2719]

1003 Section 1:10 SW facing section of pit [2724]

1004 Section 1:10 SSW facing section of pit [2745]

North East 13 Jane Street, Edinburgh EH6 5HE T 0131 467 7705 F 0131 467 7706 E [email protected]

North West 10 Payne Street, Glasgow G4 0LF T 0141 354 8100 F 0141 332 9388 E [email protected]

Midlands & West Unit 1, Premier Business Park, Faraday Road, Hereford HR4 9NZ T 0143 236 4901 F 0143 236 4900 E [email protected]

South & East Technology Centre, Stanbridge Road, Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire LU7 4QH T 01525 850 878 E [email protected]