f
1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2441
.Also, petitions· of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Will H. J. Res. 98. Joint resolution making part of the appropria mer, Minn., and the Christian Endeavor Society of the First tion, "Construction and machinery, increase of the Navy," in Presbyterian Church of Litchfield, Minn., for national prohibi the naval act approved March 3, 1915, available for the extension tion constitutional amendment; to the Committee on the Judi- of building ways and equipment at the navy yards at New ~~ . York and Mare Island, CaL Also, protest against extensive preparedness; to the Commit THREAT OF ARMOR-PLATE MANUFACTURERS. tee on Military Affairs. .Also, protest against continental army and conscription; to Mr. Tl.LLMAN. Mr. President, on Thursday last there ap the Committee on Military Affairs. peared in the New York World an editorial so illuminating Also, protest against military preparedness; ta the Committee and instructive that I laid it aside to have it read here, but the on Military Affairs. executive session kept me from doing so. I ask that it be read By Mr. YOUNG of North Dakota: Petition of J. M. White now for the information of the Senate. and others, of Valley City, N. Dak., protesting against the Mr. SMOOT. I will ask the Senator what is the particular passage of the Rainey bill to repeal the mixed-flour-law; to the subject? Committee on Agriculture. Mr. TILLMAN. It is on the threat of the armor-plate manu facturers to charge the Government $200 a ton more for armor plate in the event the Government dares build its own plant. SENATE. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair hears none. SATURDAY, February 1~, 1916. The Secretary read as follows : The Chaplain. Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., offered the [From the New York World, Feb. 10, 1916.] ARMOR PLATE'S DEFIANCE. following prayer : Something more than momentary indignation should follow the . Almighty God, we thank Thee for the mighty men of valor threat of the armor-plate makers that they will not tolerate competition Thou hast raised up among us. In every crisis of our national by the United States Government. We have national shipbuilding plants as a check upon private enterprise, too often found in combina history Thou hast laid Thy hand upon some great heart and tion. The need of national armor-plate plants, obvious for the same given to him divine commission. Thou hast given power where reason, becomes imperative when private enterprise openly threatens power was needed. Thou hast added grace to sanctify the extortion and revenge. Monopolistic arrogance has never gone further than in this instance. power. Our armor-plate makers are the chief beneficiaries ·of the traffic in We hold in sacred memory to-day the name of Lincoln. We munitions of war. At the expense of many friendships, the Government thank Thee for the life he lived among us and for the larger has supported them in their legal rights, but there is no denial of the fact that they are coining money out of blood and hatred. The hands life we live because of him. We thank Thee for the place he that they now raise menacingly against a Nation by whose- neutrality holds in our national history and for the larger place that he they have profited ar£> filled with the gains of a business that ignores lives in the sacred memory of the heart of our great Nation. the moralities and ls content to stand upon the strict letter of the law. We pray that Thou wilt enable all men in leadership to emulate These are the men who have complicated the question of national defense by their gluttonous attempt to bend the whole movement in his virtues. · their own selfish interest. With pockets stuffed as a result of the We pray Thee to lay Thy .Q,and upon mighty men of valor in agony of Europe, they have sought to make of the necessity for rea sonable df'fense at home an opportunity to- oppress a people at peace. our day that they may lead us forward in the achievement of Tbey want Government to protect them, their property, and their yet greater victories in our m·oral and spiritual life as a people, trade. 'l'hey even expect Government to go to war in their behalf. and that all our life work may lead to honor and justice and Yet a suggestion of independence on the part of that Government is truth. May this Nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to met by the terrorism of monopolistic prices to-day and of dismantled plants to-morrow. the proposition that all men are born equal, not cease its glorious What is new in all this is not the contemplated robbery of the mission until all men gain that higher freedom wherewith Thy people. For many years that was a matter of course, and it may be so now. The investigation of 1896 showed that whereas the United States Son shall make us free. We ask these things for Christ's sake. had been chargP.d $540 a ton for armor plate, the product was regu Amen. · larly sold to foreign Governments for $249 a ton. At that time pres The Journal of the proceedings of the legislative day of sure was exerted chiefly upon the Republican Party, whose campaign Wednesday, February 9, 1916, was read and approved. chests were regularly enriched. ~ow, with a dltrerent r~gime in power, it manifests itself in coercion and defiance. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. . Tbese e.re the men, or the successors of the men, also, who in 1894 on the testimony of naval experts. were fined. $140,484.94 by President A message from the House of Representative, by J. C. South, Cleveland for delivering to the Government armor plate that was its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed the fol notoriously defective, full of blowholes, cracked and resurfaced, never lowing bills, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: honestly tested, and far short of specifications in other respects. Some of this armor was intended for the ships that won the Spanish War. H. R. 11078. An act granting pensions and increase of pen If tt had not been detected, it might even now be the weak defense upon sions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil War and cer which in a great emergency American life, honor, and property would tain widows and dependent children of soldiers and sailors of depend. Congress can not afford to ignore the spirit exhibited by this com ~dwar;and · bination. The first step toward preparedness in this direction mud be H. R. 11240. An act granting pensions and increase of pensions an assertion of national sovereignty that will not be forgotten by in to certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy corporated greed and incorDorated disloyalty. and certain soldiers and sailors of wars other than the Civil PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. War and to widows of such soldiers and sailors. ' The VICE PRESIDENT presented a telegram in the nature The message also announced that the House had agreed to a of a petition from the Los Angeles (Cal.) Branch of the Ameri concurrent resolution authorizing a certain change to be made can Independence Union, praying for the placing of an embargo in the text of the paragraph in the urgent deficiency appropria on munitions of war, which was referred to the Committee on tion bill for payment of judgments in Indian depredation Foreign Relations. claims, etc., in which it requested the concurrence of the Semite. Mr. GALLINGER presented the petition of Rev. George G. The message further announced that the House had passed Williams, of Tilton, N. H., and a petition of the George H. the bill ( S. 3518) granting pensions and increase of pensions Bartlett Bible Class for Men, of Sunapee, N. H., praying for pro to certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil War and certain hibition in the District of Columbia, which were ordered to lie widows and dependent relatives of such soldiers and sailors, on the table. with amendments, in which it requested the concurrence of the He also presented a petition of Lakeside Council, No. 6, Sons Senate. and Daughters of Liberty, of LaL-eport, N. H., praying for the ENROLLED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS SIGNED. inclusion of the literacy test in proposed immigration legisla· The message also announced that the Speaker of the House tion, which was referred to the Committee on Immigration. had signed the following enrolled· bills and joint resolutions, He also presented tht- petition of Samuel C. Eastman, of . and they were thereupon signed by the Vice President : Concord, N. H., praying for the enactment of legislation to pro S. 900. An net amending sections 476, 477, and 440 of the hibit interstate commerce in the :vroducts of child labor, which Revised Statutes of the United States; was referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. H. R. 8233. An act granting the consent of Congress to the He also presented a petition of the Weekly Publishers' Asso Republic Iron & Steel Co. to construct a bridge across the Ma ciation, of Rochester, N. H., praying for the enactment of legis honing River, in the State of Ohio; lation to permit the exehange of advertising space for trans H. R. 9224. An act providing for an increase in number of portation, whi~ was referred to the Committee on Interstate midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy. Commerce. H. J. Res. 95. Joint resolution authorizing the Secretary of He also presented a memorial of Local Branch, Granite Cut the Navy to receive for iilstruction at the United States Naval ters' International Association, of Ooncord, N. H., remonstrat Academy at Annapolis Mr. Carlos Hevia y Reyes Gavll§.n, a citi ing against the order of the Treasury Department forbidding zen of Cuba ; and the use of granite in the construction of public buildings in 2442 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENr\TE. FEBRU.ATIY 12, cities " ·ith le s than $800,000 annual postal receipt, whicl1 was ownership of water-power utilities, which w·as referred to the r eferred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Committee on Public Lands. He also presented a petition of the congregation of the First 1\Ir. GRONNA. I present a telegram from A. Robbie, man Christian Church of Newton, N. H., praying for national pro ager of the Cavalier Milling Co~, of North Dakota, protesting hibition, which -n·as referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. against certain legislation in reference to mixed flour. The He also presented a memorial of the Central Labor Union telegram is very brief, and I ask that it be printed in the of Portsmouth, N. H., remonstrating against national prohibi RECORD. · tion, which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. There being no objection, the telegram was ordered to be 1\fr. TILLMAN. I present a concun-ent resolution adopted by printed in the REcoRD, as follows : the Legislature of South Carolina in regard to polygamy. I CAVALIEn, N. DAK., January so, 1916. ask that the concurrent resolution be printed in the RECORD and Hon . .A. J. GROXNA, referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. · Senate, Washington, D. 0.: Hearing before Ways and Means Committee on :Monda.y of a. bill for· There being no objection, the concurrent resolution was re the repeal of the mlxed-fionr law. This bill will open the way for adultera ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary and ordered to be tion and unfair competition and will be areatly to the detriment of the printed in the RECORD, as follows : wheat growers, consumers, a.nd millers of the Northwest, and will onlv benefit the Corn Products Co. and other corn producers. Hope you wiil STATE 011' SOUTH CAROLINA, give the matte1· your attention and thereby protect the people of your EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. district. Umlcr and pursuant to the provisions of a concurrent resolution of CAVALIER MILLING Co., the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina, passed at the By A. ROBBIE, Manaoer. regular session of 1915, the appended resolution being a true and correct copy of the original, I have the honor, agreeable to its pro Mr. PHELAN presented a petition of sundry citizens of Col visions, to transmit the same. fax, Cal., praying for the enactment of legislation to pro\ide Given under my hand and the seal of the State at Columbia this public ownership of water-power utilities, which was referred the 28th clay of January, A. D. 1916. · (SEAL.] R. :M. McCowN, to the Committee on Public Lands. Secretary of State. He also presented a petition of the Central Labor Council of Concurrent resolution. Alameda County, Cal., praying for the enactment of legislation Whereas it appears from the investigation recently made by the Senate to pro-vide for the care of indigent sufferers from tuberculosis, of the United States, and otherwise, that polygamy still exists in which was referred ·to the Committee on Public Health and certain places in the United States, notwithstanding prohibitory statutes enacted by the several States thereof; and National Quarantine. Whereas the practice of polygamy is generally condemned by the peo He also presented a memorial of the Chamber of Commerce ple of the United States, and there is a demand for the more effectual of Santa Cruz, Cal., remonstrating against a tax on gasoline, prohibition thereof by placing the subject undei' Federal jurisdic tion and control, at the same time reserving to each State the right which was referred to the Committee on Finance. to make and enforce its own laws relating to marriage anu divorce: 1\Ir. JOHNSON of South Dakota presented petitions of sundry Now, therefore, be it citizens of Canistota, Roscoe, Sisseton, Freeman, Langford, Resolvecl by the senate (the house concmT·ing) : First. '.rhat the Hm·on, Yankton, Kimball, Gayville, Parker, Beresford, Wilmot, application be made, and hereby is made, to Congress under the provi sions of A1·ticle V of the Constitution of the United States for the call Monroe, Elk Point, Bowdle, Fort Pierre, Howard, Mitchell, Bath, ing of a convention to propose an amendment to the Constitution of Aberdeen, Pierpont, Blunt, Dell Rapids, Volga, Highmore, Kid the United States whereby polygamy and polygamous cohabitation der, Deadwood, Academy, Artesitth, Hermosa, Alpena, Sturgis, shall be prohibited, and CongrPss shall be gi-ven power to enforce such prohibition by appropriate legislation. Bridgewater, ·winner, Oelrichs, Burke, Frankfort, Doland, Cen Second. That the legislatures of all other States of the United terville, all in the State of South Dakota, praying for prohibition States of tbe Uniteu States, now in session or when next convened, be, in the DistriCt of Columbia, which were ordered to lie on the and th~y hereby are, respectfully requested to join in this application by the adoption of this or an equivalent resolution. table. 'l'hird. Thnt the secretary of state be, and he hereby is, directed to Mr. BROUSSARD presented a petition of the Kracke & F'lan transmit copies of this application to the Senate and House of Repre ders Co., of New Orleans, La., praying for the imposition of a sentati-ves of the United States, and to the several members of said bodies representing this State therein ; also to transmit copies hereof duty on dyestuffs, which was referred to the Committee on to the legislatures of all other States of the United States. Finance. Mr. SHIELDS presented petitions of sundry citizens of Tennes IN THE SE:-;ATE, see, praying for prohibition in the District of Columbia, which Oo}umbia, S. 0., J..'ebntary 12, 1913. were ordered to lie on the table. The senate agrees to ihe resolution and orders that it be sent to the house for concurrence. He also presented a petition of the Memphis (Tenn.) Cotton By order of the senate. Exchange, praying for the passage of the so-called cotton-futures l\I, l\I. lliNN, bill, which was referred to the Committee on Agricultm·e and Olerl; of the Senate. Foresh·y. IN THE llOUSE, He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Kenton and Columbia, S. 0., Febmary 15, 1915. :Murfreesboro, in the State of Tennessee, praying for national 'l'hc house agrees to the resolution and orders that it be returned to prohibition, ''hich were referred to the Committee on the the senate with concurrence. By order of the house. Judiciary. J. WILSOX GIBBES. Mr. POINDEXTER presented ·a petition of the Washington Clerk of the Ilouse. State Federation of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, JHr. TILLMAN presented a petition of the Sherwin-Williams \Vash., praying for the adoption of certain amendments to the Co., of Savannal1, Ga., praying for the imposition of a duty on immigration laws, which was referred to the Committee on dyestuffs, which was referred to the Committee on Finance. Immigration. 1\It·. SHEPPARD presented a telegram in the nature of a He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa petitio:.J. from the Commercial Club of Ennis, Tex., and a petition tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, \Vasl1., praying of snm.lry citizens of Bryan, Tex., praying for an increase in for the printing of the report of the Commission on Industrial armaments, which ,,.ere referred to the Committee on Military Relations, which was referred to the Committee on Printing. Affairs. He also presented a petition of the 'Vashington State Federa He al o presented petitions of sundry citiliens of the Dis tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., praying trict of Columbia, and a telegram in the nature of a petition for the enactment of legislation to authorize the War Depart from the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Niagara ment to seize all railroads, factories, mines, mills, and other Fulls, N. Y., praying for prohibition in the District of Columbia, means · of producing and distributing supplies in time of war, which were ordered to lie on the table. which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also presenteu a petition of sundry citizens of the District He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa of Columbia, praying for national prohibition, which was re tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wr.sh., praying fen·eu to the Committee on the Judiciary. for the enactment of legislation to prohibit interstate commerce 1\Ir. ROBINSON presented petitions of sundJ:y citizens of in the products of child labor, wWch was referred to the Com Arkansas, praying f011 national prohibition, which were referred mittee on Interstate Commerce. to the Committee on the Judiciary. He also presented a petition of the ·washington State Federa 1\fr. NELSON pre. ented a memorial of the Commercial Club tion of Labor, in conYention at North Yakima, Wash:, praying of Renville, 1\Iinn., remonstrating against a tax on gasoline, for the convening of a congress of neuh·al nations to offer melli which was referred to the Committee on Finance. ation to the belligerents, which was referred to the Committee 1\lr. 'VORKS presented memorials of sundry citizens of Daly, on Foreign Relations. Cal., remonstrating against an increase in armaments, which He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa were referred to the Committee on l\Iilitary Affairs. tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., -praying He also presentecl n petition of sundry citizens of Lincoln, for an investigation by tile Department of Labor into labor con CaL, praying for the enactment of legi lation to provide public . ditions in the naYy yartls aud other construction works of the 1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2443·
Government, which was referred to the Committee on Education That the part of wisdom and prudence demands that in time of peace due care should be taken and preparation made to meet a ne and Labor. . cessity for the public defense. He also presented a memorial of the Washington State Fed That a due measure of care and preparation· is not satisfied by the eration of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., re providing of men, munitions, supplies, and equipment, however well; it further demands that facilities be provided that will enable such. re monstrating against the enactment of legislation to allow pri sources to be immediately and at all tim~s used to the limits of effec vate individuals to secure control of the natural resources of tiveness and efficiency. the country, which was referred to the COmmittee on Public That such use of military resources requires the maintenance of per manent depots for recurring concentration .and distribution of. men, Lands. • munitions, and supplies-. He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa That geographical p-osition, railroad transportation facilities, and tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., praying cllmatic conditions fix the location of such depots. That the Pacific coa.st and the Mexican border must be considered as for the enactment of legislation to provide 640-acre stock-rais requiring defense, and it must be anticipated that men and supplies ing homesteads, which was referred to the Committee on Public may be required thereon at a:ny time. Lands. That Salt Lake City is practically the center of a circle, the· radii oi which are equivalent to substantially 30 hours of railroad travel, and He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa which reach every railroad point on one-third of the length of the tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., praying Canadian border, one-hal1i of the Mexican, and. the entire Pacific coast that an appropriation be made to raise the Puget Sound Navy line. That- military depots should· be situate far enough inland from coast Yard to the place of a first-class shipbuilding plant, which was and borders so as. to at all times be a military asset and never an em referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. barrassment. He also presented a memorial of the Washington State Fed That Salt Lake City is the only city east of the Pacific coast and within effective transportation distance thereof and of the· Canadian eration of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash.,_ re and Mexican borders that has such incoming and outgoing railroad monstrating against the use of the forest-reserve funds for the facilities as a great and permanent concentration depot for men and construction of the Olympic Highway, which was referred to supplies require, and its climatic conditions are most suitable: Now, therefore, be it the Committee on Forest Reservations and the Protection of Resolved, That Congress is- most respectfully requested and m·ged: to Game.' enact such legislation as will immediately make Fort Douglas~ Utah1 a He also presented a petition of the Washington State Federa brigade post--so planned and constructed, in connection with. the mili tary maneuver grounds in close proximity thereto, as to be the western tion of Labor, in convention at North Yakima, Wash., praying point for the concentration and distribution. of. men and supplies, in.. ca.se for the repeal of the so-called seamen's law, which. was referred of active military operations on the Pacific coast or western borders. to the Committee on Commerce. SALT LAKE COMMERCIAL CLUB (INC.), He also presented petitions of 252 lodges, representing 24.481 By F. C. RICHMOND. SA.LT' LAKE ROTARY CLUB, members of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of the State By Fl. c. SCHRAAU.t. of Washington, praying that some definite action be taken by WESLEY.. KINo, Chairman Joint Oommittee. the Government to bring about peace between the warring. na tions, which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Rela A STATEMENT IN SUPPORT OF, THE: MEMORIAL OF THE PEOPLE OF THE tions. STA!rlil 011' UTAH, THROUGH THE COMMERCIAL AND· ROTARY CLUBS, OF 1.\fr. MYERS. I present a petition, signed by a large number SALT LAKE' CITY, TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, RELATI'NG TO THE SITUATION AND ADVANTAGES OF FORT DOUGLAS,. UTAH, A.S A MILI"- of students of the Missoula County High School, in Montana, re TARY DEPOT. ' questing an adequate appropriation for the Flathead reclama The following propositions are advanced : tion project in that State. I ask that the petition be printed in The ultimate defense of a country rests upon its mobile army. The coast and boundary lines, and the territory adjacent· thereto, are the RECORD, together with the first signature thereon, and ·that the parts of a country requiring defense against invasion. it be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. The tactical points for the concentration of the military forces of a There being no objection, the petition was referred to the country in permanent posts are the points· from which the shortest equal radii render the greatest extent of coast and territorial border Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed in the !ine equally accessible. RECORD, as follows : The tactical points for the concentration of reserves and supplies in MissouLA, MONT., January 6, 1916. time of invasion are the proper points for the location of permanent To the President and Oongress of the United States: army posts from the standpoint of economy and efficiency. Large permanent army posts should not be maintained on or near the We, the undersigned students of the Misso.ula County High School, coast or border. do most urgently and respectfully request of the President and Con Concerning the above it may be said : gress that an adequate appropriation looking toward an early comple The proposition that the ultimate defense of a country rests uJ!on its tion of the Flathead irrigation project be passed at this ~;;ession of Con mobile army is axiomatic and permits of no discussion. gress for work on the project during the ensuing year. The education That the coast and boundary Hues and the territory adjacent thereto of the boys and girls residing upon this irrigation project depends very are the parts of a country reqwring defense against invasion is also largely on the manner in which. the work is prosecuted. . obvious. Very truly, That the tactical points, and therefore the proper points, for the JACK STERLING concentration of the military· forces and military supplies of a country, (And many others). in permanent posts and depots, are the points from which the sho:ctest 1\Ir. MYERS. I present a petition of the Boys' Senate of the equal radii render the greatest extent of coast and territorial border line equally accessible, is a proposition that, upon a fair- consideration, > Missoula County High School, of Montana, praying for an ade forces its C'WD approval. quate appropriation for the Flathead reclamation project in that Roughly speaking, the United States has 4,500 miles of international State. I ask that the petition, together with the signatures, be boundary and approximately the same number ot· miles of seacoast. It is obviously impracticable to maintain either troops or Army posts .printed in the RECORD and referred to the Committee on Indian along the extent of these lines in sufficient numbers to provide a ghost Affairs. of a defense against invasion. Outside- of the semicircle of the range There being no objection, the petition was referred to the of our coast fortifications, the greater part of the seacoast, and prac tically the whole of the boundary line, are open to the entry or land Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. in the ing of an invadinl? army. In other words, such force may practically RECORD, as follows : choose its own pomt of landing or· entry and it is impossible for this MISSOULA, MONT., FebTUU1'1J ..f, 1916. Government to determine in advance· where the point- or points selected To the President and Congress of the United States: will be. lt follows, therefore, that in case of an attempted invasion, troops for actual defense mnst be concentrated at the time, and where, The Boys' Senate of. the Missoula County High School do most the danger is imminent. urgently and respectfully request of the President and Congress that No further presentation of facts would seem required to show that an adequate appropriation looking toward an early completion of the permanent stationS' of troops should be ~t points from which they can Flathead irrigation project be passed at this session of Congress for be transported to any threaten-ed locality on the border or coast in work on the project during the ensuing year. The education of the the least time, and when we consider the uncounted- years to come, boys and girls residing upon this irrigation project depends very largely and what may be their history, we are forced to the conclusion that on the manner in which the work is prosecuted. all border and coast lines demand the same facilities for, and cer SAMUEL S. MARLAY, President, tainty of, prompt protection. C. EVAN REELY, Viae President. If a substantial body of troops be stationed at a point :practically JoE SMITH, Secretary. equidistant from 2,500 miles of border and coast line--assunnng proper Mr. SHIVELY presented petitions of sundry citizens of In railroad transporation facilities exist--they can be inoved to any locality on this line in substantially the same length of time and be diana, praying for national prohibition, which were referred to present at any point thereon at the time of attempted invasion, unless the Committee on the Judiciary. such invasion comes without suspicion and with the stealth of a thief in the night. FORT DOUGLAS, UTAH. But the importance of a station so located rests strongly in the - Mr. Sl\IOOT. I present a memorial from the Salt Lake Com advantages that woud accrue after the outbreak of hostilities and it becomes necessary to send reserves. and reinforcements to the scene mercial Club and the Rotary Club, which I ask may be printed of actual combat. If a permanent Army post is so located that a in the REcoRD. · It is not long. given number ot miles of travel-say, 700-will reach any point of There being no objection, the memorial was ordered to be the 2,500 miles ot coast and border, such troops can be detrained at the locality where they are most needed in 48 hours or less-the printed in the RECORD, as follows: equivalent of but a two days' march. What is true regarding tr~s To the honorable Senate and. House of Representatives is equally true in regard to equipment and supplies. of the Congress of the ~nited States: Should not such posts be so planned and constructed that uew Your memorialists, the people of the State of Utah, through the Com levies of troops could be· there mobilized as. fast as trained tr.oops were mercial Club (h:.c.) and the Rotru·y Club, of Salt Lake City, respect sent out? Should not permanent- posts, not makes-hiftS' and tempOTary .tulli represent- posts, be used for such mobilization? 2-144 . CONGI~ESSIO~\ ·1_1 RECORD-SEN tTE. FEBRUARY 12,
Tb~ gTrat proportion of death and disabiliti('~ from sickness come purpost<. Neither floes it need argunwnt to show that the place th!lt f[·om the throwing together of wholly inexperienced and untrained shoul!l be so equipped is a permanent Army post. men in canvas camps anu temporary barrackH unuer conditions to It is n()t contended but that certain utility posts now existing along wbi('h thfo'y are entirely unused, and a great portion of this death loss the border should be at all times kept in usable condition, possibly bv n.nu phy leal incapacity could be obviated if new levie · were put in civilian caretakers, and it is doubted if sound policy will permit th', F.:.Lnitary, permanent barracks and there properly trained and gradually .sale and total abandonment of the majority of the existing mililtu-y inure~.! to camp lifl'. reservations of the United States. Their· nilue, if kept in usable con l:(hould not such posts also be supply depots, with ample storage dition, by a service corps if necessary, very likely would, in time of facilities and fully stocked with field-service equipment to an extent emergency, far outweigh the benefit the United States would rec<'l \·e comml'n urate with the probable necessities of the armies for which they by a sale thereof. However, the futility of attempting to protect the are to form the tase? And should not railroad facilities also be pro border and coast of the United States by small fraciions of the mobile vided. so· that stores and suppli.es could be received upon and shipped army stationed at Army posts along the same has been referred to. directly from warehouse platforms and troops entrained within the From .the fact that it must be presumed that in case of attempted limits of the post itself? invasion some portion of the coast or border and the country adjacent Under the premi es above said Fort Douglas, at Salt Lake City, thereto would fall into the hands of ihe enemy, it follows that a perma Utah, meets all requirements to a greater extent than any other exist nent Army post located within such district would fall into their ing post in the United States. It is located substantially equidistant hands, and from that moment it would cease to be of any value to tlle from the Pacific coast and the Canadian and Mexican boundaries. United States, for if again retakfo'n it would probably have been de With it as a center, the arc of a circle having a radius of 700 miles stroyed. It is also to be expected that if such po ts were permanent includes practically 2,GOO miles of border ancl seacoast line. From posts and depots of supplies they would invite capture, and, if not the points where the arc of such circle strikes the Canadian and destroyed by the garrison befot·e capture, woulu become au asset to th{: Mexican boundaries to the west coast there are included substantially enemy. 11 of the 29 degrees of latitude covered by the United States, or, in other It being demonstrated that Fort Douglas is properly located fr·om a words, practically 700 miles of railroad travel-the equh·alent of two tactical standpoint for a large permanent Army post and depot of sup· days' march-would place troops from this little post upon any point on plies, either in time of peace or war, the questions that pre ent them the racific coast and on the boundary lines of one-third of the width selves are: of the United States and upon any piece of ground within more than Is Fort Douglas so located with reference to Salt Lake City that one-third of the territorial area of the United 8tates. troops stationed there may participate in all ad-yantages available to The radii of 700 miles referred to ·are upon an air line. When great the inhabitants of a large city? · trunk-line railroads exist, running in approximately air llnes-as is The reservation is practically in Salt Lake City. A car line from the the case of the roads radiating from Fort Douglas-the ideal condition post communicates with all parts of the city and enters the residential seems to be present. The Denver & Rio Grande and connections run parts thereof immediately upon leadn~ the reservation, and hl'ad practically direct to El Paso, on the Mexican border, and from there quarters at the post is but 20 minutes d1stance from the center of the follow the border direct to San Antonio, Tex., and the Gulf, and also city. In all matters respecting education and those things in which to Los Angeles, Cal. 'l'he San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake radiates the people of the city participate, Salt Lake City. will rank with any to the southwest direct to Los .Angeles and San Diego, Cal. The South other city of the United States of 300,000 inhabitants. ern Pacific and Western Pacific run nearly parallel to each other in a Are the climatic conditions suitable? westerly direction to San Francisco. The Oregon Short Line and its con An examination of all statistics will show it to be exceptionally snit nections strike t.:> the north in two branches, one direct to Seattle and able. - Its summer a.nd snow seasons, with the temperature seluom the Puget Sound country and the other to the north connecting with l'eacbing 108 below freezing point, present the ideal condition. the Northern Pacific, which parallels the Canadian boundary. Are the grounds of the reservation and those available at mollerate The communication to the Canadian boundary on the north, the cost sufficient in extent? Pnget Sound country in the Northwest, the cenu·al and southern Pacific The grounds of the reservation are more than suffident for the har coast, and the Mexican border is as direct as the connection of the racks and necessary buildings and parade ground of a division. A'H spokes of a wheel with the hub and felly. No spot exists in the United acrl'age of land, either connected with the reserration or in the city States where, figuratively speaking, the military power of the country and adjacl'nt to the transcontinental railway tracks passing through can reach out its arm and hold so many important points in the hollow thQ city and suitable for warehou ·e purposes, can be readily securctl of its hand, four of which arc places where-for perhaps generations to with a moderate outlay. Twenty-five miles from the rl'Sei·vation a come-we must anticipate attem'Pted invasion. military reserve, comprising substantially 20,000 acres, immediately All these points ar~ within 44 hours of troop-train time; and, furt:.ter n.djacent to two transcontinental railroads, is available for maneuver more, the railroads named are not short local roads, which always and target purposes either for Infantry or Artillery . . The lay of the cmbarass train service, but trunk lines, affording the best of transporta ground of this reservation is most suitable for camp purposes and for tion facilities, and the eastern connections with this hub are ample, military manE:-uvers and problems and is sufficient for problems to be embracing two direct transcontinental lines and two auxiliary lines in worked out by a division. case of necessity. • - It is believed that the closer the facts are investigated the strongei' At Salt Lake City, being a great transcontinental railroad center, the will be the demonstration and conviction that Fort Douglas and l::ialt best of facilitil'S for the immediate commandeering of cars anu trans Lake City is the most proper point from all standpoints for the estab portation equipment exist. Little or no delay has e>er been, or will be, lishment and maintenance of a large and permanent Army poRt ancl met in placing troops upon trains in a minimum time after moving depot of military supplies within tho western section of the Unitetl orders are received, as has been the case at posts heretofore considered States. important. Attention is called to the fact that at the time of the Arrangements have been made for the construction of a standarll mobilization at San Antonio in 1911 the Fifteenth Infantry, from Fort gauge line of railroad connecting Fort Douglas directly with the trans DouglaR. was the second organization on the ground. A cm·sory in continental trunk line of railroad now entering Salt Lake City, and a vestigation will show where the transportation facilities from other bill has been introduced in Congre s providing for permission by the posts have broken down to the point of absurdity within the past two Secretary of War for right of way and revocable license for the builll years. in"' of standard-gauge track upon and across Fort Douglas for the An examination of the map showing the railroads radiating from future conyenience of the Government in transporting men and supplies. Fort Douglas, and loca.ted within the territorial limits of the United· States west thereof, wlll show that shoulrl a large bouy of troops be REPOTITS OF CO).fMITTEES. concentrated either in the Puget Sound counu·y or in the vicinity of San Francisco or Los Angeles, and it became necessary to take a por Mr. CHAMBERLAIN, from the Committee on Military tion thereof from either locality to reenforce another, it would be neces Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 1150) nutl10rizing the sary to bring the reenforcemeuts back over the coast range, . provided the railroad paralleling the coast in California, Oregon, and Washington Secretary of War to grant the use of the Coos Head Military should at any point be in the possession of or destroyed by an enemy Reservation, in the State of Oregon, to the cities of Marshfielu ·or its agents. In the transfer of reenforcements from either of the other points to the Puget Sound country, if the coast road were not available and North Bend, Oreg., both being municipal corporations, for it would be necessary to bring such reenforcing troops back to Salt Lake park purposes, reported it without amendment null submitted a and from there transport them to the point requirell, and the probabili report (No. 134) thereon. ties are that in any case of the shifting of troops from one point on the coast to the other-again assuming the coast road to be not avail He also, from the same committee, to wllich 'vas referred the able-the transfer could be made in the shortest time by way of Salt bill (H. n. 403) granting to the State of Oklahoma permission Lake in lieu of the usc of the local road cro:::sing western Nevada south to occupy a certain portion of the Fort Sill Military lleser>ation, into California. It therefore seems obvious that the true tactical policy is to locate Okla., and to maintain and operate thereon n fish hatchery, troops and depots of supplies anticipated to be necessary for reenforce reported it with an amendment and submitted a report (No. ments at points on the Pacific coast and reserves for armies operating on that coast at Fort -Douglas. from which point they would be equally 135) thereon. a.vailai.Jle for service on the 1\Iexican and Canadian borders. He also, from the same committee, to which ,...-as referred tlle '!'hat the tactical yoints of concentration of reserves and supplies in bill (S. 3328) granting to the State of Oklahoma permission to time of invasion are the proper points for the location of permanent army posts from the standpoint of economy and efficiency seems to be occupy a certain portion of the Fort Sill Military Reservation, shown by inference from the foregoinl! discussion. Okla., and to maintain und oper~te thereon a fi~.J. hatchery, It is apparent that in time of war facilities for the mobilization of reported adversely thereon, and the bill was postponed indefi troops anu the handling, distribution, and issue of equipment and sup plie. are taxed to the maximum. Therefore ample facilities should be nitely. provided in time of peace for the most efficient training of men and He also, from the same committee, to which 'vas referred the dlstril.mtion of equipment and supplies for the maximum anticipated bill (H. 4701) to establish in the War Department and in emergency. n. A a. problem, no difference appears to exist on principle between the Navy Department, respecti\ely, a roll, designated as " th . mobilization, tra.ining, and dispatch of troops and the equipment and Army and Navy meclal of honor roll," and for other purpose~. supply thereof, and a great private business. We would not expect asked to be discharged from its further consideratiov and that such private business to use its warehouses and working forces during the cour::.e of ordinary routine business and when an emergency of it be referred to tile Committee on Pensions, which was agreeu to. extensive tl~ade and operations arose-to meet which was the object l\Ir. FLETCHER, from the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs, to of its organization-to abandon its wa.rehouses and preexisting sys which was referred the bill (S. 744) to remove the chnrge of tem and attempt to do business at a way s-tation on some unimportant railroad wherever chance a.nd monetary convenience happened to dic desertion from the military record of Nelson II. Daniels, reported tate and entirely cut off from all proper facilities. au\ersely thereon and the bill was postponed indefinitely. It nee.ds no argument to prove that the maximum results in the way of discipline and Instruction, in advancing efficiency and in the o_ut Mr. MYERS, from the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs, to wltil'h fitting of troops, can be obtained at the place best equipped for such was referred the bill (S. 1782) to correct the militnry record .191G. · . CONGRE8SIOXiL ltECORD-SEN \_TE . 2445
of Jo eph Gorman, reported it with an amendment and submitted Choctaw Imli:ms ft·om l\Iis ·i i1111i to Oklahoma; to tlw Com- a report . (No. 13G) thereon. . mittee on Indian Affairs. · 1\lr. ASHURST, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to A bill (S. 4421) granting an increase o.f pension to Edward which was referred the bill (S. 1048) for the relief of \Varren E. Lo>e ; to the Committee on Pen ions. Day, reported it without amendment and submitted a report By Mr. STERLING: {No. 137) thereon. A bill (S. 4422) grunting an increase of pension to ~Iary A. ~Ir. GRONNA, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to wllich Hapgood (with accompanying papers) ; and · was referred the bill (S. 584) to provide a headstone for the A bill (S. 4423) granting a pension to Vernon D. Bennitt grave of Scarlet Crow, reported it without amendment and (with accompanying pavers) ; to the Committee on Pen ions. submitted a report (No. 140) thereon. By Mr. NORRIS: l\Ir. SAULSBURY, from the Committee on the District of A bill (S. 4424) to provide for the payment of for the express purpose of removing the objectionable, conditions were held before the House Committee on Appropriations, and as a re referred to. sult Congress on June 23, 1913, authorized anu directed the conRtruc It will, in fact, achieve that result. The power house ·will be located tion of a central heating, ·lighting, aru.1 pow<'r plant on the present on an air line one mile and n.n eighth from the White House. Because of site. After full hearings, the bPst'propo al that could b obtained froni its lower elevation and the intervening embankment of the trunk-line the Potomac Electric Power Co. was rej<.'cted, because it was clear railroads and the structures of the old and new Bureau of Engraving that a considerable saving would be made for the Government by pro and Printing it will be invisible from the White House and the White ceeding with the power plant. House Grounds. It will be invisible from the streets of the city, except The act authorized the employment of experts outside of the Treasury in the immediate vicinity, and from the other Federal buildings in Department. and in order to give the matter the most careful consic1era Washington and from the Capitol and any point on Pennsylvania tion1 the firm of L. B. Stillwell & Co., engineers of New York City, was Avenue. It will eventually result in the removal of the smokestacks emp oyed by the Treasury Department to· cheCK1 up the Treasury com and chimneys of other Federal buildings and the smoke and gases aris mittee·s report. This firm worked on the project for approximately a ing from their individual and in many cases imperfect generating plants. year, and with one change only, which was of minor importance, con The proposed power house will be equipped with modern smoke-con curred with the Treasury Department committee's report. This firm suming apparatus, which will absolutely do away with smoke nuisances of enginPers also prepared the plans and specifications upon which pro at that point, thereby accomplishing the net result of eliminating the posals were received and the coQtract awarded for the plant. entire smoke nuisances, so far as the Federal buildings are concerned. A contract for the <.'rection and completion of the central heating, It will not, however, remove the most conspicuous offenders against Wash lighting, and power plant was awarded December 24, 19~5, to W. G. ington's sky line;., namely, the two huge black iron stacks of the Potomac Cornell Co., of Washington and New York, and work was immediately Electric Power L:O. at Fourteenth and B Streets NW., which rise to an started and is now in progress. · elevation of 200 feet between Pennsylvania Avenue and the Mall. It Shortly after the Rward of the contract the attention of the Treasury will not~ of course, elim1nate or minimize the smoke nuisances from any Department was called to the fact that the drawings and specifications commercial plants. for the power-house structure had not been submitted to the Fine Arts As I dictate this letter I am looking from the south window of the Commission, as required by President Wilson's executive order. This Treasury Department, on the second floor, and I can see projecting oversight was due to the form~r Supervising Architect and the firm of over the top of the Department of Agriculture Building a small part of engineers hereinbefore referred to, who were handling the project !nde the stack of the power plant of that building. It is hardly sufficient pendent of the regular business of the Supervising Architect's Office, and to be noticed from this point. That stack is on an elevation con kept the files on the subject independent of the regular office files. siderably higher than the point where the power plant will be erected These files were not distributed into the regular office files until a few and is undoubted,ly more conspicuous than will be the two stacks from days after the award of the contract for the construction of the plant the power plant when built and which are to be only 175 feet high, or and about the time that L. B. Stillwell & Co.'s connection with the 25 feet lower than the objectionable stacks of the Potomac Electric project was terminated by the department. The information that the Power Co. I speak of this because it provides a very striking and Executive order had not been complied with came as a surprise to the reliable illustration of the point in controversy. And this stack, to department, and immediate steps were taken to submit to the FinP Arts gether with the stack on the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which Commission the plans and specifications. is the largest of the executive group, will be removed when the central The commission objected first to the smokestacks. At the meetings plant is in operation.- held before the Senate Library Committee they objected not only to the It is pertinent, I believe, at this point to invite your attention to an smokestacks but the construction of the plant on this or any other site, alternative proposition which at various times has been presented by and suggested an impracticable alternate-the enlargement of the the Potomac Electric Power Co. in connection with its proposal to the Capitol power plant, located in Garfield Park, sufficiently to serve thl' Governm<.'nt to abandon it- own central heating, lighting, and power buildings named in the sundry civil act. An estimate of the cost of plant ll,nd to make a 10-year contract with the said company. This enlarging the Capitol power plant to accomplish this object is approxi prc.posal of the Potomac Electric Power Co. contemplated the enlarge mately $1,4G3,757 (or $4,653 more than the cost of building the new ment of its power plant at Fourteenth -and B Streets NW. This com plant), and the project would have many objectionable features. From pany does not generate steam. It therefore proposed that, if the the engineering side, it would necessitate the transmission of steam 3.4 Go-.ernment would abandon its own plant, the Potomac Co. would miles and would burden a plant designed to care only for the legislative install at the Fourteenth and B Streets plant a steam adjunct, the activities of the Government. initial cost of which it was stated would be $300,000. If the plans It can readily be demonstrated mathematically that the smokestacks for the further beautification of Washington, which for several years of the new power plant will not be visible from 99 per cent of the view have been under consideration, are carried into effect, that section of points referred to by the Fine Arts Commission. I transmit herewith a the city in which the Potomac Electric Power Co.'s plant is situated drawing. with the statement that an observer stationed at anv point ·would have to be taken over by the Government, whereupon the Gov within the shaded area will be unable to see even the stacks of thP new ernment would be obliged to pay for this plant and the additional in plant. vestment would be made at that point for s ~upplying the Federal build- I transmit also a number of photographs taken at and adjacent to the ings with stealij.. . · site of the power plant, showing the conditions now existing there. These photographs show the various lumber wharves, coal wharves, Permit me to suggest that if the efforts of art societies and civic railroad sidings, railroad tracks, and, in general, the character of the bodies were directed to removing the chief offender against the beauty surroundings of the selected site. I call your particular attention to of the Mall and the city of Washington, viz, the conspicuous and ugly the large photograph in which the artist has depicted to actual scale smokestacks of the Potomac Electric Power Co. at Fourteenth and B the new power plant building in its exact location. This view is taken Str ets, they would render a genuine public service. from the top of the Washington Monument and it is interesting to note I am not unmindful of the strong protests that have been made to that the only point from which this phQtograph could be taken to show Congress and to the Secretary of the Treasury against the disfigurement clearly the power house and its stack is the top of the Monument, ap of Washington. If such a thing were in contemplation, it should and proximately 550 feet above the city datum. It might be well to call would justify the resentment and the rebuke of the whole country and your attention also to the fact that the height of the stacks a . ('On my voice would be raised in protest against any such action. tracted for will be 175 feet above citY. datum, or practically 39 feet But nothing of this character has been contemplated, and it is a higher than the roof of the new Bureau of Engraving and Printin;J and matter of sincere regret that patriotic and well-meaning citizens all 30 feet higher than the roof of the old Bureau of Engraving and over the country have, without any investigation on their part and Printing. upon false information, been misled into believing that Congress and I transmit also a large map of the city of Washington, on which are the Secretary of the Treasury are seeking to establish a di tressing shown buildings having independent plants, buildings served by the blot upon the face of the National Capital, which, in fact and in truth, above, and the location of the new power plant. From this map)t will they are merely striving to remove. be seen that by extending the tunnel at the old Post-Office Building An act of Congress of April 28, 1904, directed the late Bernard R. 1,500 feet it wm be possible to connect to the central plant now serving Green then Superintendt'nt of the Library Buildin"' and Grounds, to the Interior Department and its attendant group of buildings, ancl thus submit at tl.le next bession of Congress preliminary plans and estimates shut down that plant; it will also be possible by a tunnel 1,700 feet of cost of the location, construction, and equipment of a power house long to connect the Naval Hospital and the Hygienic Laboratory to the for furnishing heat and electric power to the existing and projected central plant; in short. the location of the plant is ideal to serve the Government buildings on the Mall and in thP. vicinity of the White entire number of present an fuel by water-which apparently is the present program, although EXCEI!PTS FROM ST.lTE:UEXT OF LEWIS B. STILLWELL, CONSuLTING E:'\GI· in the future it may be changed at that location-might not the whole NEER, NEW YORK. plant be lowered to a lower level, and might not these conditions be <'liminated with forced draft? On inquiry as to this water location, l\fr. STILLWELL. Mr. Chairman, I have come down here at the re we were told that the purpose of being near the water was to provide que t of Senator NEWLANDS, but I do not know exactly what he expects water for condensation for the turbines that drive the electric power me to say. I am ready to answer any questions that may be asked me. plant. Well, there is not a large installation of power plant. The ~enator NEWL.ANDS. I will state, by way of preliminary, that Mr. generating apparatus is not large but comparatively small; I have Stillwell was consulted in some way with reference to this plan. lie forgotten the statement of its capacity; but it is apparently not an is an eminent mechanical engineer in New York, and I learned from important thing in the transmission of ·electric power. It is now 1\Ir. Gilbert that he had been consulted with reference to these plans, so well established that it is not difficult to carry it any distance you and I thought it would be advisable to have him here. So I caused wish. It seemed to us that as, apparently, this location was available him to be summoned by the committee. When he came he expressed or principally desired because it would be near the water for conden some delicacy with respeC't to appearing, because he regarded him elf sation purposes, that water might be supplied from any other loca as a client of Mr. McAdoo, who had, on behalf of the Government en tion. We even went so far as to inquire whether a reservoir or tank listed his services, and he did not know how far he ought to go 'ancl might not be built, the same water being used over again, as in a particularly he did not wish to volunteer anything. ' cooling process, with some sort of aeration or cooling method, and The CHAIRMAN. I think the suggestion, under the circumstances, is a with that added to the expense. No doubt it is a feasible solution very good one. Suppose you ask him any questions you desire to ask. of the problem, but as far as our inquiry went we felt we could not Senator NEWLANDS I communicated with Mr. McAdoo over the tele charge ourselves with the question of location-that had been settled phone and told him of Mr. Stillwell's delicacy on the subject, and he by Congress-but that we could report that a plant at that location told me that. o~ -:ourse, Mr. Stillwell was representing the Government, was, in the judgment of our commission, very undesirable from the or was employed by the Government, and was at liberty to present his standpoint of Washington, and we believed-althou.l?h this may not views regarding the subject. I would therefore simply suggest. Mr. appear in the report-that a more careful cxaminanon of the whole Stillwell, that in your own way you go on and state your views rcriard ing the site, regarding the plant itself, the hel~ht of the chinmey. , subject of a possible subdivision into two plants for the burning of their appearance in the landscape, etc. ; and anythmg else that suggests oil or other fuel, or the burning of gas by a gas-producer plant or itself to you that will be of public interest. other method upon which the skilled engineers of to-day concentrate Mr. STILLWELL. That clears the situation, so far as I am concerned, their attention would bring about a better plant in a location that very satisfactorily. would be less objectionabl<:. I should like to say at the outset that my firm has, in this matter, Now, one word more and I shall have finished. Under the Executive assumed no responsibility in regard to the selection of a site. We have order of the President matters of this kind are supposed to come before been told that that matter was settled before we were called ln; that the Commission of Fine Arts before final action is taken. Through an the plant was to be located at a certain point. Our function has been inaclverte.nce, apparently, this matter did not come to the Commission limited to this: That my firm has supplied a number of expert mechan of Fine Arts. We had no knowledge of it, officially or otherwise, as far ical and electi·ical designers who have been placed temporarily on the as I !mow, until about 10 days ago, after the contracts were signed. We rolls of the Supervising Architect's Office to make the plans for the make no complaint on that account, but on behalf of the commission I mechanical and electrical equipment and for the power house in so far would like to register before your committee the view that the Com as its structure ts directly related to that equipment. For the archi mission of ll~ine Arts is not responsible for having passed upon the tectural merits or demerits of that power house we assume no responsi matter too late, nor could we pass upon it earlier. bility. That has been in the hands of the Supervising Architect and I thank you, gentlemen, very much. his representatives. ,_l'!.TF:::IfEXT OF 1\IC. GLEXX BROWX, ARCIIITECT, W.ASIIIXGTOX, D. C. As to the site, expressing my personal opinion of the matter-and I nm glad to have an opportunity to do so--l think this whole mntter Mr. Baowx. Mr. Chah·man, I appear here representin:!" a committee has been approached here in a way that could not be expected to attain of Washington that is interested in the development of the city on the best economical results. For instance, one of the first things that esthetic lines solely. suggested itself to us when we came here was, why build a new plant'! Mr. Cass Gilbert has said so clearly what I wished to say that I will Why not extend the existing plant? Of .course, the present plant is confine myself to a very limited number of words. farther away from the buildings which are to be heated, and it is pos There is one point with respect to the disagreeable view of these sible t11at were we to figure out the losses in transmitting the steam starks that he did not mention. When the White House was located we might reach the conclusion that it was unwise to transmit it so far. b,y George Washington it was located with the idea of having a beautiful '.rhat problem, so far as I know, has never been investigated. It cer Yiew down the Potomac--one of the most charming -views that we have tainly has not b~en by my associates or myself. in this part of the country-and that was one of the vital reasons for Another question that I asked soon after I came here was thi : locating the White llo.use where it is. These stacks come up and How is this plant correlated with the possible utilization of the G1·cat •lirectly cut off t11at new from the White House. I think this one fact Falls of the Potomac, in regard to which Mr. Clemens Herschell made a is : ufficient to justify the chimneys being kept down. We feel that this report for the W~r 'Yepartment a year or two ago? And my imprc sion plan of a Federal city, which originated with George Washington and is that up to thJH tllllc there has been no attempt to consider broadly IJEnfant, was a great asset to the country, both financially and in the whether the Great Falls of the Potomac, in cooperation with the steam way of culture and refinement. The Government has spent since Wash plant here, or otherwise, could be utilized to advantage in the city ot ington's time to the present time approximately $100,000,000 on build Washington. I make this statement because I want to say that, as a.n ings and ground ·. So far it has been harmonized, so that one element engineer, I think this problem should be studied on broad lines-on lines fits in with the other, and this will be the first great break in that as broad as those which have been applied by the Arts Commission in . cheme and it should be most carefully considered before it is allowed its work-and that the whole problem of the supply of electricity for The Yaiue of this park scheme is an asset of the people. and it is an lighting and power purposes and of heating from central stations-if asset that has been wonderfully increased since the Park Commission that be the best way-should be laicl out now on a plan which can be presented their plans. Gen. Washington's scheme ended with the Wash substantially adhered to for the next 50 or 100 years. The development ington Monumentt which was then located on the shores of the Potomac ought to be systematic and symmetrical in respect of. power supply as and the new reClaimed ground has made it necessary to add to th~ in respect of architecttu·al development. proposition and to carry the scheme much fur t h e r~ All has been done Now, as to the plant that has been contracted for, the department in harmony with the scheme of George Wa hington, and we feel that has found it necessary to omit a considerable amount of apparatus the people who arc intere ted in Washington and Lincoln, and who are from its specifications as they were approved by my associate, Mr. interested in the city all over the country, would feel that a great crime Putnam, who represented me here. Unless those omissions are re had been committed by erecting something here that would destroy the placed in the near future the plant, in my judgment, would be bette1• beauty of the city. left unbuilt. It is presumably the intention of the department to make We have been studying the question of the advisability of locating it this replacement in whole or in part so as to make the plant an opera upon other sites/ and we feel that it might be joined readily with the tive plant. Capitol power Pant, and if that was too great a run for steam pipes The CHAIRMAN . They cut it out, I suppose, on account of lack of that they might readily be- ' appropriation. TP,e CHAinMAN. Not only an immense run for the steam pipes, but Mr. STILLWELL. Lack of appropriation, but in doing that there were an 1mmense run on the Treasury. 1\Ir. Woods's rer.ort-in which he some highly objectionable changes introduced. For instance, under is~fi:i\~C: ;dglja~~-es not pretend to be accurate at al -makes it nearly the contract as let, one of the duplicate steam pipes which were called for by the specifications, will be omitted. Obviously, it you are going ::\Ir. BROWN. But we go right on spending nearly a million dollars to depend upon steam transmitted a distance of nearly 2 miles for the in the other plant. We would save a million dollars. heating of public ouiluings, you must have a. reserve or relay steam The CHAinM.lN. How is that? pipe to be utilized in case the one normally used goes out of business. l\Ir. BROWN. The other p1ant would cost nearly $2,000,000-$1 500- Now, in order to omit that auxiliary steam pipe, it becomes necessary 000 complete, u~der present contract. It would cost $1,500 odo to for the department to abandon another feature of the plans and specifi get an acknowledged incomplete plant, on which you would h1.1.ve to cations as they were drafted by my firm, namely, to give us the idea of add additional features to make it complete. That was to be a· plant taking the boiler plants gradually out of these buildings-the boiler that would only do part of its work. It would be found inefficient plants of the existing isolated plants, because it becomes necessary to and wouJd have to be completed by additional appropriations. keep them there to fall back on in emergency. That imposes very con Now, I am going to ask that the committee hear Mr. Hennen Jen siderable difficulties in respect of finding a place for the electrical ap nings, who is present, a mining engineer of great eminence, who is paratus that is to go in. They have now put them in the engine al. o on the same committee and who is vice president of the Federa· rooms; and my men who have been here and who have looked over the tlon of Fine Arts, representing 200 art societies throughout the coun ground, have told me that it can not ~e properly done. Personally, I try, nn Their effect would be to secure a thorough reconsideration of the proposal to erect a power plant in a 'location where it would, we believe, Mr. SMOOT. I will say to the Senator from Mississippi that be deti'imental to the future development of the Capital City, in which the Committee to Audit and Control t11e Contingent Expenses of the pride of the entire country is centered. the Senate passed upon this resolution and upon the one for the If such an examination should determine that the site bas been well Senator from \Vest Virginia [l\fr. CHILTON] at the same time. chosen, those who now fear that the opposite is the case would be reassm·ed. If, on the other hand, a way should be found for removing We have limited the time of employment of the extra clerk to the p!ant to another and less objectionable site, surely the country two months in each of the resolutions. would be grateful. In any case, the adoption of the amendment and the l\fr. SMITH of Georgia. How many clerks has the Senator resolution would but delay, for a period, the actual work of construction. In the words of one of the founders of our democracy, a confessed now who is chairman of the committee? .. enthusiast in the subject of the arts," Thomas Jefferson, the loss of Mr. SMOOT. The committee has three clerks. time should not be weighed " against the comfort of laying out the Mr. SMITH of Georgia. Now? public money for something honorable, the satisfaction of seeing an object and proof of national good taste, and the regret and mortification Mr. SMOOT. Yes. of erecting a monument to our barbarism, which will be loaded with Mr. SMITH of Georgia. This re~olution gives four? execrations as long as it shall endure." Mr. SMOOT. The extra clerk is to be employed for a period Respectfully, of only two months. JOHN LAWRENCE MA.URA:-<, P1·cs-ident. BURT L. FEXNER, Secretary, 1\Ir. BRYAN. 1\fr. President, I do not feel at this time like giving my consent to adding another employee to a committee which has never held a meeting. Some of the important com LETTER FRO:U CHARLES W. LEAVITT, CIVIL AXD LANDSCAPE EXGINEER. mittees of the Senate have only four clerks, and why should a FEBRUARY 8, 1910, Hon. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, committee which has not had a meeting in the history of the United. States Senate, Washington, D. a. Government have four clerks? I object to unanimous consent Sm: The American Institute of Consultin.,. Engineers has appointed for the immediate consideration of the resolution, even though me as one of a committee to consider the location of the new power house at Washington, n.nd in so doing I have come to the following con the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of clusi9ns: the Senate have recommended it. · From the little study which I made of the situation, which I made in Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I wish to say, on behalf of the a rather hurried trip yesterday, I believe that it would be wise to investi gate from an engineerin$ standpoint the advantages of the two plants Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the contemplated over one ptant, which might be had by combining the two Senate, that the committee took into consideration the amount plants and locating them on the site of the present power pln.nt of the of work a Senator is called upon to do, rather than the fact that CapitoL . The contemplated location of the new power house would be in full he is the chairman of any particular committee. view of incoming trains from the South, which is a point well worth Mr. BRYAN. If the Senator from North Dakota needs another considering. clerk, I will vote to give it to him; but let us do it in that way. Also, if the power house is located where contemplated, great quanti ties of smoke will roll over the parks, and the cbimneys, if not the Let him say he needs another clerk, and I will vote to give it to whole structure, will be in full view of those seeking recreation in the him. parks along the water front. They al o will be in full view of the Capitol and the White House. Mr. McCUMBER. l\fr. President, that is exactly what I said. It seems to me that these n.re matters which should cause the com l\Ir. BRYAN. No. mittee to pause and consider whether or not this location will not l\fr. McCU.MBER. If the Senator desires to object, I am not iru. trate the work of tremen LIII-155 (JONGRESSIONAL REOORD-· S.ENA.TE. FEBRUARY 12; :Mr. BRYA!.V. But .does the .Senat-or ar .th-e committee need North DAkota, if :he will amend the 1.-esolution. so as to proviile the -clerk? , tlrat the Senator from North Dakota IMr. McCuMBER~ :shu'll 1\I.I:.. l\loGUMBER. "The Senator who .is the chaicmMl ·Df the ' have one additional derk, 1: will vote for J.t. wmrnittee needs that :assistanee. · .I am mot :going to sit 1hene nnd v.ote to give :an ..n..dditionnl clerk 1\Ir. BRYA...N". lias a bill ·ev-er been re.fened to 1:hat ·COin- _· 'ta a ~ommittee that ·eva:ylwdy 'kno-ws neTer has had a meeting. mittee? · l: 'think .it LS time for us t{) get -away from :that ,bad practice. l\1r.. 1\IcCU.l\fBER. Oh, ;r do .n:ot lrno1W. Perhaps the chair· That is ..as fB.r .as 1: .nm lrlllirrg to go. If the SenatDr will mansbip of that committee might hacve been rBeld tb.Y the Senator :amenlllhis 'resdiu'ttian so ·as ·to J:'ll~IJvide tl:ult an ·extra cle1·k ·shall from Florida for a .number •of years _~Past. :It is :a ·committ.ee : be ;glll'e.n to 'th-e ;s.e11ator :from N.ortb Dnlillta :[:Mr. '!IcOm.mERl, which, together with six or sev-e-n oth-ers, is :accOTlled to the I . ill w:itbdrnw .8Jly objection. minority. 1\fr. President, we lllid 'that ~ .ery thlng for lfue jjtinior Senator It does :not make -any ·difference whether -the :particnla.r com· : :fu:.9Ill ·Oklahoma 11\-.k. GoRE]., .and we did :it m :a m::mty, .sttatght· ;mittee under discussion ibas bills Teferred 'to rt or :not.; -the work : forwuril way. Because of his .nifiiction, he needed a .man to is the same. We never question the right of :a Senator to have . go .about with hila; and the Senate voted a .man f<>"r Senator clerical assistm:1ce, and rthat is the ·nn:ly ;ground on which I .am GORE. It did no.t ·v.ote :a man for :tbe Committee on Transporta· \Putting ±he request. ii .hav-e .told the :Senator 'ftn:nkly wb:at the r tion ~outes to the Eeaboard or the Committee on the Trans· situation is. We llm1-e :never questioned th-e ~·iglrt :of a -senator portation and Sale of Meat Proaucts. .to ·nav-e at least :n por:tion of wJ:lat is :necessary. I wiTI 'SllY to the 'Senator 'fram North Dnkota that this ls a 'lllr. 'BRYAN. :M.r~ Pl!esident, I nmve questioned not the .a·tgrrt . mai:ter !{)f pri-nciple with me. The Senato1· f..rom W-ashington m :a .Senn:tar ±o !hav.e clerical !llssistance, rbut the :right of ~these · [l\fr. Jm\"'ES] bas pending now befm•e ·the S-emite a resolutien on nseles committees to ha:ve .tt. When theDemoCI.."aticPnrty .eume·' the sub.jeet, :w.hich .ought !to be given l\"ery erious ran.Q. ··careful into power I .had 1the privilege .of .offering iin the IDemocratlc . ·Cilll.Sidemtion, :and -whieh in theory is .corr..ect. 1t i~ :a T:esolu· caucus a motion to do away "'ith -a:n these nscless committees : 'tion to -amend -the rules o 'US to gi\'e· to each Senator 'the .a:J.Ild 'to gi1:e o -each Sena.tor the .help :he needed. 'The caucus clerical force he needs indi·vidually, to abolisl1 u ele$ ·cron tD.greed to that plan of action; but beca:use of "these ·demands · J>nittees, [ln{l to gi:ve te the real com:n:d~ees of the Semrte ·the that .have been 1.nade here al:l a:long, .and becau e the rules IPI'O· cler-Ieal :farce :tlbey nted. That is the I:ight way to go about it. 'tide Ifor about 50 u •eless committees It neve·r l:lns •been :acte CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRU.ABY 12' r2456. ' EXTENSIO:N OF REMARKS. If Abraham Lincoln were living to~day and occupied the same :Me. KENT. Mr. Speaker, I desire to ask unanimous consent position be once occupied on the floor of this House, be no to e.:rtenu my remarks in the ·RECORD by placing therein an doubt would find ample occasion for uttering those same woi·ds article which I wrote on the peace situation. whch were included in an address deli...-ered by him before the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from California asks unani Illinois convention in 1858. mous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD by inserting To me there is in the annals of liberty no greater day than an article he wrote on the peace situation. Is there objection? February 12, 1809. On that day Abraham Lincoln was brought [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. into the world. And on this, the one hundred and seventh an :Mr. CALDWELL. Mr. Speaker, I desire to ask unanimous niversary of his birth, I, as a Representative chosen by the consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD on the subject of good people of the congressional district wherein he lived, con military affairs. I am a member of that committee, and it will sider it not only a duty but an honor to be able at this time only be a short matter. and in this place to join in the grateful ach'":Dowledgments of a The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York [Mr. CALD Republic to which he "gave tl1e last full measure of devotion." WELL] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the We can not honor, but we can show that we still cherish his RECORD on the military situation. Is there objection? [After memory by adding our tributes to that wealth of veneration a pause.] The Ohair heal's none. and gratitude which the world this day extends to the savior CHANGE OF REFERENCE. of the Union and the emancipator of a race. To all who have had the pleasure of such a rich investment Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to of their time as to study the character an,d works of Abraham have the Committee on Naval Affairs discharged from the fur Lincoln, his ever-towering greatness appears more apparent. ther consideration of the bill H. R. 9045, and that the same The choicest literature by master minds has been inspired by be referred to the Committee on the Public Lands. the life of Lincoln, and be would indeed be a bold man who The SPEAKEH. 'Vhat bill is it? Mr. :MARTIN. This is a bill to authorize the Secretary of would deem himself capable of presenting anything original as the Navy to certif-y to the Secretary of the Interim· for restora to his character and his· acts. tion to the public domain lands in the State of Louisiana not The mellow temperament of tl1is backwoods boy of Kentucky, needed for naval purposes. I will state, 1\Ir. Speaker, that the enrich-ed by the hardships of bumble birth, poverty, and toil, bill was submitted to the chairman of the Committee on Naval bas made his life a veritable garden for re earch. Affairs, who examined the same and stated that he had no .As a rail splitter, as a lawyer, as a politician, as a husband objection to the change of reference being made. and father, and, finally, as the bead of a nation, his every word The SPEAKER. Without objection, the change of reference and deed bas been subjected to the scrutiny of historians and will be made-- students. And it can be truthfully said that as new generations Mr. FITZGERALD. What is it? read of his works and study Abraham Lincoln's life the more The SPEAKER. From the Committee on Naval Affairs to remarkable appears his character. the Public Lands Committee. [After a pause.] The Chair Therefore it is but fitting that I here repeat the words of hears none. I wish all gentlemen, when they desire to try to Henry Ward Beecher, which he spoke at the death of Abraham get a change of reference, would sec the Speaker in advance, so Lincoln, when he said: Not Springfield's, but Dlinols'; not Dllnois', but the Nation's; not be will know what it is. the Nation's, but the world's, is this man. MESSAGE FROM THE SEN ATE. While the name of Lincoln has most frequently been associ A message from the Senate, by Mr. Waldorf, one of its clerks, ated with the preservation of the Union and the emancipation announced that the Senate had passed bill of the following title, of the slaves, I shall not dwell upon his conduct as an official. in which the concurrence of the House was requested: save to reveal certain principles be then expounded and which S. 3391. An act to amend an act entitled "An act for the relief may prove very interesting at this time. of Indians occupying railroad lands in Arizona, New Uexico, LI~COLN ADVOCATED NECESSARY PREPAREDNESS. or California," approved March 4, 1913. Lincoln subordinated all other consideraUons to the one great ABRAHAM LINCOLN. object of saving the Union. With his usual insight into human The SPEAKER. Under the special order the gentleman from nature, he foresaw the joy with which the privileged classes in Missouri [Mr. RussELL] will read President Lincoln's Gettys- society would bail the dismemberment of the Republic. bmg address. - He saw all too clearly that the western continent would be Mr. RUSSELL of Missouri, from the Clerk's desk, read Lin come the prey of the Old World powers if the Union were not coln's Gettysburg Address, delivered at the dedication of the maintained "one and i.IJ.divisible." cemetery at Gettysburg November 19, 1863, as follows: In a letter to Gov. Seymour, Lincoln said: " Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth Shall we shrink fro-m the necessary means to maintain our free on this continent a new Nation, conceived in liberty and dedi Government which our grandfathers employed to establish it and our cated to the proposition that all men are created equal. own fathers have already employed to maintain it? Are we degen "Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether erate? Has the manhood of our race run out? that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can Was not the saving of the Union the greatest act of prepared long endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. ness in history? We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting A chorus of rejoicing among the scions of the monarchies of place for those who here gave their lives that that Nation might Europe greeted every defeat of the Federal arms, and in our live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. darkest hours we heard but one expression from those enemies "But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not conse of free institutions: "The bubble Republic bas burst." crate, we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living This premature rejoicing was but the prelude to ·a well and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it far above our planned program of conquest of the American people by the poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor monarchies of the Old World. long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what But the preservation of the Union sounded the death knell of they did here. It' is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated all such aggressive campaigns. here to the unfinished work which t.hey who fought here have HIS SPIRIT ROSE SUPREME, thu far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedi- And during the hour of his greatest trials, when be was sub . cated to the great task remaining before us-that from these jected to countless insult<;, indignities, and humiliation, often honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for at the hands of those whom be had considered his supporters, which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here and even from the members of his own official family, his spirit highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; rose supreme: Seward, on a famous occasion, and Ohase, that this Nation under God shall have a new bh·th of freedom; repeatedly, were guilty of acts savoring so much of disloyalty and that government of the people, by the people, for the people to their chief that it is almost incomprehensible bow he could shall not perish from the earth." have ignored them. [Prolonged applause.] But be overlooked and forgave all. Not one word of per-· The SPEAKER. Under the special order the gentleman from sonal resentment or rebuke can be found in all his writings and Illinois [Mr. WHEELER] has 20 minutes in which to address speeches. This fact alone has inspired countless orators and the House. [Applause.] writers to proclaim his freedom from the faults and failings of Mr. WHEELER. Mr. Speaker, " If we could first know ordinary humanity. where we are, and ·whither we are tending, we could better 4 Feeling that his mission was to save the Union, he unselfishly judge what to. do and bow to do it.'' subordinated all other considerations to that one supreme ob· 1916. CONGRESSION.A.L RECORD-HOUSE. 2457 je ~ t. If a man appeareti be :~:- ndapted to a certain work, Lincoln John W. Bunn and Dr. William Jayne. Through the c-on"\."et-sn. assigned. him that work an ; ::ept him on it regardless of how tions and reminiscences of these estimable gentlemen we are he himself was treatt?'ll by that man. brought into direct contact with the spirit of the great emanci HIS LETTERS Al'\ INSPIRATION TO THE YOUNG. pator, and those who visit the home of Lincoln would find it a rare and never-to-be~forgotten privilege to meet these patri It has been said that Franklin's autobiography is the most archs, who, by reason of their long and intimate acquaintance helpful book a young IIlll.n <-ould read to gain inspiration and aid with him, can picture the man more vividly than could any in the struggle to make hi!5 way in this world, but without dis printed page. paraging what Franklin mny have said, there is in certain letters An apostle of truth, an apostle of mercy, an apostle of liberty, of Lincoln more valuable ::dvice than can be found anywhere. language is pitifully poor when we seek to describe him. He had known all the disco:.~ragements and rebuffs which attend Future ages will produce great statesmen and patriots, but the efforts of a poor young man, and could therefore speak with th~ ~·typical American" has come and gone. With ever-widen the-voice of experience and authority. ing circles on the sea of time, his fame will grow. In all ages With what sanity and chl: l'ity he could advise those who, amid the devotees of liberty will repair to his tomb as to a shrine. almost insurmountable obst .1e;les, struggle to make their way in [Loud applause.] the world, may best be sho·,vn by a letter he wrote to 'Villiam The SPEAKER. Under the special order, the gentleman from H. Herndon July 10, 1848, "\Yhich was as follows: illinois [Mr. RoDENBERG] will address the House for 20 minutes. DEAR WILLIA.M: Your letter rovering the newspaper slips was received [Applause.] last night. The subject of tbat letter is exceedingly painful to me, and I can not but think there is some mistake in your impression of Mr. RODENBERG. Mr. Speaker, fivescore and seven years the motives of the old men. I suppose I am now one of the old men, ago to-day the- star of destiny shone resplendent over the cradle and I declare on my veracity, which I think is good with you, that of an infant boy who, in the years to follow, was to be ac, nothing could afford me more satisfaction than to learn that you and others of my young friends at home are doing battle in the contest, elai.me.d by history as one of America's grandest contributions and endearing themselves to the people, and taking a stand far above to the world's heritage of great and noble men. On that day, in any I have ever been able to reach in their admiration. a cabin home. amid th-e hills of Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln I can not c.onceh-e that other old men feel differently. Of course I can not demonstrate what I say, but I was young once, and I am sure I was born, and on this anniversary of his birth the memory of was never ungenerously thrust back. I hardly know what to say. The that great and. Godlike life thrills the soul of every American, way for a young man to rise is to imprO"ve himself every way he can, giving him an inspiration of true nobility. [Applause.] n ever suspecting that anybody wishes to hinder him.. Allow me to assure you that suspicion and jealousy never did help any man in any Abraham Lincoln ! What a flood of mighty memories is situation. There may sometimes b"e ungenerous attempts to kef'p a awakened by that name. What a glorious panorama of patri young man down, and they will succeed, too, if he allows his mind to be otic achievement it presents to view. How it seems to fathom diverted from its true channel, to brood over the attempted injury. Cast about and see if this feeling has not injured every person you have the very depths of duty and devotion, the innermost springs of ever known to fall into it. sympathy and of sonow. As we pronounce it reverently to Now, in what I have said I am· sure you will suspect nothing but sin day the t1·ials and tragedies and triumphs of the Nation's su cere friendship. I would save you from a fatal error. You have been a laborious, studious young man. You are far better informed on alm-ost premest straggle pass again in review before us and, rising all subjects than I have ever been. You can not fail in any laudable above the stress and strife of conflict, grand an 1\fr. Speaket·, I belie>e that the true secret of our love for men whose loyalty and devotion in the darkest days of the Lincoln ,,.as his own love for hiS fellow man. [Applause.] In Nation's life were ne\er questioned-to-day, when the enemies of his ungainly, giant form there was a heart of infinite human sym that broader anti better fratern:1lism, which lies at the Ycry pathy, and this it was that illumined all his other traits of great foundation of national peace and national unity, are advancing ness and has made the imperishable halo that lingers around his upon us, the true and loyal citizens of this llepnblic, of whatever head. [Applause.] Without these be might have achieved great creed or ancestry, catching the inspiration tbnt breathes upon ness, might have become Presillent, might have freed the slaves them from the glorious memories of the past, with true American as a political necessity, might even have brought the war to a patriotism will take in their hand the-great iieart of Abrahnm successful close, and have fallen a victim to an assas~in's bullet, Lincoln, inca e it in their love, and hurl it far out into the midst and yet we should not to-day be speaking of him as we do. It of the enemy, shouting: is this one supreme trait of human sympathy that carries his Lead on, heart of Lincoln, - name out of the realm of intellect into that of emotion. [Ap We follow thee; plause.] We follow thee! It was this same deep human sympathy that caused Lincoln [Prolongetl applause.] to hate slavery and to throw all of the power of his logic and 1\Ir. SCHALL. 1\lr. Speaker, I h. ·k _the indulgence of the eloquence-against it. It was this, tpo, that enabled him to hold House for five minutes. that marvelous balance of judgment which could put the Union The SPEAKER The gentleman from Minnesota [1\Ir: above all else and coi1ld hold back ·emancipation until the right ScHALL] asks unanimous consent to procee life of every man, woman, and child in the United States. It is t hold in my hand an extract frQill an address delivered by that special department of goveriunent in which all the people me. at Atl~ntic City, N. J"., on the 5th day of September, 1912, are vitally concerned. which I will ask leave to print in the RECORD as a part of my As for the present Postmaster General and his assistants, let remarks, in which I discuss the various aspects of the free-mall me say, in order that my words may not be misinterpreted, that privilege. and show by figures, approximately correct, that I have received from them at all times the most courteous con nearly $20,000,000 annually is lost to the Post Office Department sideration, and therefore my remarks are not biased by any by carrying the various classes of free mail, all of which should personal pique or resentment. · be taken into account if it is the purpose of the department to A great deal has been said about the annual surpluses and show the exact balance at a given time. deficits in the postal treasury for the past 10 or 15 years. It I have mentioned these facts that you may see that there are is a subject in which we are all interested, about which there item~ .wl).ic~ have .not been brought into these exhibits by any has been much vain show, and concerning which there have been administration which should be brought in if we intend to show many unfounded claims. an absolutely correct postal balance. Until that time we are I think it unwise and highly impolitic for the Post Office De left to the inferen~e. which is a reasonable one, that, whether partment, whether conducted by Republicans or Democrats to the figures are made by the one administration or the other, lay its chief stress upon the red lines of the postal ledgers at 'the they are correct, and no deduction of bad adminisb·ation can end of the fiscal year, or to boast of a few thousand saved as in rightly be made from them without the risk of an injustice to favor of one administration against another. I think it is the one or the other or to both. time that everybody should understand that, whatever party I ~sist that we ought to change the method of showing the controls, the mere fact of a slight balance in favor of the incum carriage of our fi·ee mail. The service of all the executive, bent administration is not the question that most concerns the legislative, and judicial departments, as well as the various inde public. Efficienecy should go far above the mere question of pendent establishments o-f the Government, should be permitted, showing a slightly favorable balance. as they now a1'e, to conduct their business free of postage Of course there should not be a dollar wasted or a penny charge, but there ought to be, I insist,. some system by which recklessly spent, and, under wise laws and sound administra an account could be kept of what the income to the Govern tions, the postal establishment will usually be self-supporting; ment would be in case all these various establishments were but whether the income is a few millions above or below the required to place postage stamps on their mail matter, and expenditure is not the prime question, and the sooner our p~stal this ought to be given as a credit to the postal establishment, officials get rid of this policy of n. surplus at the cost of efficiency and made to appear in its annual statement; that is, if we are the better it will be for the American people. They ouO'ht to going to undertake to. show exactly what the true balance is. learn and practice the maxim that the best economy i; wise The issuanc~ for that purpose of free postage stf,illlps, or of spending. envelopes with stamps impressed, to be accounted for by the The average American is intensely interested that his letters public official using them, would be a simple solution of the problem. sha.ll be rec~ived with promptness, carried with dispatch, and dehvered with certainty; nor is he primarily concerned as to A good deal has been said, and probably much more will be the political beliefs of the particular public servant who per- said, upon the floor of this House as to the provision of the forms the task. · pending bill, which changes the basis of pay of the railway companies carrying the United States mail. Unlike my dis From the report of the Postmaster General it appears that tinguished friend from Tennessee Mr. MooN, I have seen no for the fiscal year 1911 .there was a surplus of $219,000; for the powerful railroad lobby. So far as I know, the raili-oads have fiscal year 1912, a de~"clt of $1,785,000; for the fiscal year 1913, done nothing but honestly and earnestly presented their case. a surplus of $4,510,000; for the fiscal year 1914, a surplus of I know this to be an important question. We who are members ~4,376,000; but for t~e fiscal year 1915, a deficit of $11,337,000 of the Postal Committee know with what intense interest, with IS shown. I have omitted the terminal figures that I might not what high intelligence, and with what honest purpose it was weary you with details. discussed before the committee; how deeply it has concerned There has been much unseemly discussion between the pres both the Post Office Department and the raih·oad companies, ent and the last postal administration as to whether the audited each represented by persons of very high intelligence, and I balances were, in fact, th3 real balances. It ought readily to am sure, inspired by rightful purposes. ' appear that no other balance or deficit can be shown by the ex The question which concerns me at this moment, and which hibit at the end of the fiscal year except that which is shown I am sure c<;mcerns every Member of this House, is that we by the difference between the audited receipts and expenditures shall do exact justice to the people at large, on the one hand, of th: Post Office. Department. There are, and from the very and, on the other hand, to that portion of the people comprised nature of the serVIce mu..;;;t be, a large number of continuing and in these corporate bodies-the railroads of the United States. unclosed accounts which can not be bn.lanced at the end of the So far as I know, so far as I have heard, and so far as I believe year, which can not even be closed within the next quarter but there is no member of the Postal Committee, no Member of which must await the expiration of a considerable period of 'time this House, who would knowingly do the slightest injury to the before any true exhibit can be shown. This part of the de railway b·ansportation companies of the country, to whom we partment's business can not be properly shown at the end of the must, by custom and of necessity, commit the carriage of the fiscal year as either a deficit or a surplus. It is, therefore, true mails of the United States. Let me add a word to what my gentlemen of the committee, that the only balance which can b~ distinguished friend from Illinois Mr. ?liAnnEN said yesterday. shown under either a Republican or a Democratic administra It is a question with which everyone should deal in the utmost tion. at the e:'"d of the fiscal year is the audited surplus, or the frankness, with the most open candor. The ra.ih·oads should audi~e_d d~ficit, and the fi?Ures must be correct in each case. be dealt with just as any other citizen of the United States and It follows that there IS no real point to the advantage of whether individual or corporate, is dealt with. They are en~ either, or any particular credit, in claiming that a system which titled to that, and they are entitled to no more. They should bas been followed from the beginning of the Government does ask for no more, and no less should be given them. I have not show relatively the condition of the postal finances this be no more respect for the man who wants to injure the railroads in~ all that can be certainly known, no human unde~standing because they chance to be, iii some instances, large aggregations bemg able to forecast exactly what a prospective service will of capital than I have for the representative of the railroads cost or what the final balance will be. who, because of their great strength and importance, seeks for I~ is proper that I should say here that there are other items them an advantage over the plain, every-day citizen of the which s~ould be taken into account, which have not been country. This Congr~ss is big enough to do them justice; they brought mto these balances by any administration at any time are big enough to be content with justice. We owe them, gen If we are going in for exact fiscal balances in the Post Offi.c~ tlemen of the committee, just what we owe everybody, to deal Department, we ought to go to the public buildings of the United with them openly, candidly, and honestly. States which are used in whole or in part by the service and It was asked yesterday by the distinguished gentleman from charge to the department that part of the building space of Connectic~t [Mr. HILL] whether this bill provided for ample ~e lighting, h~ting, and janitorial service, and every other protection for the railroads in the matter of review of rates Item of expense mcurred. for the service. If we desire to show by the Interstate Commerce Commission. I call the · attention an exact balance, we should put these items in our exhibit of of the commlttee to line 2, page ·49, of the bill, where the fol1ow receipts and expenditures. ing language occurs : Not only that, gentlemen, but the immense amount of free For the purpose o-f such investigations the Interstate Commerce mail. which is carried and delivered by the service, without any Commission shall have all powers which- it is now authorized to exer credit whatever, should be taken into account. cise in the investigation of the reasonableness of rates, and the Post- - 2460 COKC+RESSIOX.A.L RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRU..iRX 1:?, master C:eneral sball supply such information regarcling the mail service Gentlemen, if a complaint comes here from one of our citie · as may be requested by the Interstate Commerce Commission. we al'e sensitively responsiYe to that complaint. It comes from It seems to me that the language c ulU not be more explicit, the center of intelligence and wealtl1, from the midst of tile that the powet· could not be more plenary. It gi"'es every right ne\Yspapers, and we respond quickly to the deman 2. Official mail sent from the Smithsonian Institution. (Act of proclamation of the governors or by the statutes of the States in which Mar. 31 1879, 20 Stat. L., p. 362; P. L. and R., sec. 512.) their offices are located. 3. ~1ail of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. (Act SEc. 2. That should the needs of the service require the employment of Aug. 15, 1894, 28 Stat. L., p. 412; 2 Supp., p. 257; P. L. and R., on holi<}ays of letter carriers emplo·yed in the Rural Delivery Service sec. 512.) or letter carriers employed in the City Delivery Service or clerks in 4. Ofiicial mail of the Bureau of American Republics. (Act of Feb. first and second class post offices. suc-h employees shall be allowed a 20, 1897, 29 Stat. L., p. 590; 2 Supp., p. 558; P. L. and R., sec. 512.) full day as compensatory time on one of the six week days following the 5. Official correspc.ndence of the Superintendent of Public Dot!uments. holiday upon which such service is performed. (Act. of Jan. 12, 1895, 28 Stat. L ., p. 611; 2 Supp., p. 352; P. L. and R., sec. 512.) Mr. Chairman, this bnl, as will be observed, grants benefit for 6. Official correspl'ndence of the Joint Committee on Printing relating services rendered on the following holidays: New Year's Day, to the Congressional Directory. (Act of Jan. 12, 1895, 28 Stat. L., January 1; Washington's Birthday, February 22; Decoration p. 617; 2 Supp., p. 357; P. L. and R., sec. 5.12.) Day, May 30; Independence Day, July 4; Labor Day, the first PERSONAL FREE MAII•• Monday in September. The privileges of personal free mail are-- · It also provides for such other days as the President of the 1. Newspapers and periodicals of the second class, when mailed to subscribers residing in the county where printed and published, except United States or the governors of their respective States may set when addressed for delivery at a letter·carrier office. (Act of Mar. 3, apart as those given days, and to provide compensatory time on 1879, 20 Stat. L., p. 361 ; 1 Supp., p. 249 ; P. L. and R., sec. 452.) one of six week days following the holidays on which such 2. Annual reports anu bulletins of experiment stations of State agri cultural colleges established under the provisiOns of the Morrill Act service was performed. of July 2, 1862. (Act of Mar. 2, 1887, 24 Stat. L., p. 441, 1 ~upp., , The committee in its wisdom changed the compensatory time p. 551; P. L. and R., sees. 516-517.) as one day of the 30 days following such holidays. '3. Magazines, periodicals, and other regularly issued publications in raised <'hara<'ters, whether hand prepared or printed, for the use In glancing through the Postal Laws and Regulations I find of the blind, <'Ontaining no advertisements and for which no subscrip that on the question of opening of post offices on holidays that tion price is charged. (Act of Aug. 24, 1912.) section 284 reads as follows : 4. All books, pamphlets, and other reading matter in raised char Postmasters may observe as holidays: New Year's Day (Jan. 1) ; acters for the use of the blind, in single volumes not exceeding 10 Washington's Birthday (Feb. 22) ; Decoration Day (May 30) ; lndepend pounds in weight, or in packages not exceeding 4 pounds in weight, ence Day (July 4) · the first Monday in September known as Labor Day; and containing no advertising matter, when sent by public institu Christmas (Dec. 25) ; and such other days as the President of the United tions for the blind, or by public libraries, as a loan to blind readers, States or the governors of their respective States may set apart as fast or or when returned to such. institutions .or public libraries. (Act of thanksgiving days or that may be specially designated as holidays by Apr. 27, 1904; 33 Stat. L., p. 313; P. L. and R., sec.. 518~.) proclamation of the governors or by the statutes of the States in which 5. Registered letters of any person, firm, or corporation, -containing their offices are located. fractional or other currency of the United States sent to the Treasury 2.- When a legal holiday falls on Sunday the following Monday may for redemption, free of registration, but not free of postage. (Act of be observed, unless otherwise specially provided by proper authority. June 8, 1872, 17 Stat. L., p. 307.) 3. Post offices shall be kept open on holidays a sufficient length of 6. Pension vouchers mailed for return by Federal pensioners. (Act time to meet the public convenience. Mails shall be made up a nu di.s of May 26, 1908, 35 Stat. L., p. 420; P. L. and R., sec 512.) patched as on other days. 7. Seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots, and scions sent by mail are charge able at the rate of 1 cent for each two ounces, or part of two ounces, Further on I note that section 735, on the same subject of a redurtton of 50 per cent on the rate for other fourth-class matter, 1 cent for each ounce, or fraction of an ounce. (Act of July 24, 1888, 25 holidays, contains the following provision : Stat. L., p. 347.) Service shall not be required on rural delivery_ routes on New Year's 8. Mail relating to the census, addressed by any person to the Census Day, Washington's Birthday Memorial or Decoration Day (May 30), Office or to any cemms official. (Act of July 2, 1909, 36 Stat. L., p. 10 ; Fourth of July, Labor Day ('the first Monday in September), or o.n such P. L. and R., sec. 513.) day as the President may set apart as Thanksgiving Day. Service is 9. The replies of all persons from or through whom official informa required on Christmas Day. tion is desired, covertng such information ~nly. (Act of July 5, ~884, 2. When a holiday on which service is not required falls on Sunday 23 Stat. L., p. 158; 1 Sapp., p. 468; P. L. and R., sec. 512.) the following Monday shall be observ€d, unless otherwise specially 10. Mail z:;ent under the autograph signature of Mrs. Lucretia Rudolph provided. Garfield, widow of the late President James A. Garfield, and all mail sent by post to her. (Act of Dec. 20, 1881, 22 Stat. L., p. 1.) According to custom in different communities, the question 11. Mail sent under the written autograph signature of Mrs. Mary of opening post offices on holidays has been guided largely by Lord Harrison, wtdow of the late President Benjamin Harrison. (Act public opinion. If the desire of the public was for a general of Feb. 1. 1909, 35 Stat. L., p. 591.) 12. Mall sent under the written autograph signature of Mrs. Frances observance of certain holidays and .all business was suspended Folsom Cleveland, widow of the late President Grover Cleveland. (Act on these days, and there was no demand for postal facilities on of Feb. 1, 1909, 35 Stat L., p. 591.) those days, the postmasters observed section 284 of the Postal Having now pointed out the several classes of free mail matter, and the laws authorizing them, together with their various scopes and Laws and Regulations and closed their offices and gav.e the limitations, I shall next proceed to as<'ertain the extent to which they employees the benefit of the holiday. If the postmaster in any are used by those entitled to their benefits. city knew there was a demand for tbe delivery of mail on holi There is no provision for recording the number {)f pieces of either days, he took advantage of the discretion contained in section free or paid mail matter carried and delivered daily by the Post Office Establishment, but a fair estimate may be made by extending the 284 and gave the public such facilties as in his judgment the results of the offici:u weighing and counting of the year 1907. While ocen.sion required. The section above r·eferred to is a sensible free mail is not all first-class matter, nevertheless it is closed to inspec one, as Post Office Department officials are not expected to tion and is given extraordinary treatment in handling and delivery and may be regarded as first-class matter in reckoning the postage properly know the customs of the people in different localities and they chargeable, and I shall accordingly so treat it. depend entirely on the judgment of postmasters i:l giving a sat It is estimated that during the fiscal year 1912 the postal estab isfactory service to the public in the offices over which they lishment received, transported, and delivered 310,437,878 pieces of legislative and official free mail, but there is no data for estimating preside. the numbei' of pieces of personal tree mail. In many large post offices throughout the country such holi Its aggregate weight was 6~,415,335 pounds. days as Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence It comprised 3.8 per cent of the total domestic mall of the Unit-ed States. Day, Labor Day, and Thanksgiving Day have been observed The cost per pound for handling, transportation, and delivery was by the closing of post offices and the suspension of deliveries of 10.12 cents. mail on those days. No complaint had been made by the public, The aggregate cost to the service was $6,214,239.55. The <'Ost per capita to every man, woman, and child was 6 cents. and postmasters felt that they were justified in giving the The postage chargeable at the first-class rate was $19,649,630.04, an benefit of the holidays to the employees to be observed by them average amount per capita of 20.4 cents. with the same freedom as other citizens in these communities. There were 4,321,266 free official regist~atlons, on which the regular fee Is 10 cents, amounting to $432 126.00. The observance of holidays by the public is becoming more There were transported and delivered1 373,633,544 pieces of free-in· general, and our business houses and factories and. mills and county newspapers and periodicals, a~gregating 58,017,631 pounds, on industrial plants where large numbers of men and women are which the postage at 1 cent a pouno wouJd be $580,176.31. The total loss to the postal revenues on free legislative and official employed are beginning, during the summer months, to close mail, free registrations, and free newspapers and periodicals, to say down business on Saturday afternoons in order to give the em nothing of other personal free mail, was, therefore, estimated at ployees the benefit of an extra half day for rest each week. 20,661,932.95, or, In round numbers, $20,500,000, for which the Post Office Department received no credit whatever. President Wilson issued the usual proclamation setting aside Thursday, November 25, 1915, as a day of thanksgiving and Mr. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman prayer, and calling for a suspension of business in all depart from Pennsylvania [l\1r. LAFEAN]. ments of the Government and also for a general observance of 1\1r. LAFEAN. Mr. Chairman, on January 19, 1916, I intro the day by all citizens in the country. Many postmasters had duced a bill, H. R. 9414, as follows: consulted with the business people through the local boards A bill (H. R. 9414) to grant certain holidays to postal employees. of trade and chambers of commerce and other business men's Be it enacted, etc., That letter carriers employed in the Rural Delivery associations and· had also tested public sentiment by announcing Service and letter carriers employed in the City Delivery Service and in the press that their offices would be closed on Thanksgiving clerks in finlt rr.nt1 second class post offices and Railway Mail Service shall IJe granted che benefit of the following holidays: New Year's Day Day if there was no protest from the public or demand for a (Jan. 1), Washington's Birthday (Feb. 22), Decoration Day (May 30), delivery of mail on that day. In citi.es where these announce Independence Day (July 4), the first Monday in September, known as ments were made they seemed to meet with general approval, Labor Day, and su~h other days as the President of the United States or the governors of their respective States may set apart as fast or and postmasters had printed signs placed in conspicuous parts thanksgiving days, or that may be: specially designated as holidays by of the post offices aQd also made announcement in the press 1916. CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-r-HOUSE. 2463 that Thank! gi>in.O" Dny woulll be obser>e , 2464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12, I tru t that the ConO'ress will take notice of what I consider Gresham appointed a commi sion, w.bi.ch, after a six months' is a grave injn ·tice that has been done the rank and file of inve tigation, recommended a ystem based on space, wejght, the .postal emplo~·ees of this country and that the provision in and speed, the weight being use The m S[We nl o announced that the Vice Pre ident had possible service that can be given. It i clear that in the intro nppointeu Mr. JosE and 1\fr. MARTINE of New Jer ey members duction of the automobile into the Rural Service and the of the joint elect committee on the part of the Senate, as pro doubling of trips on a great many routes it has been demon >ideu for in the net of February 16, 1889, as amended by the strated that on a vast number of routes the ervice can be done net of l\larch 2, 1895, entitled "An act to authorize and provide as quickly and as effectively as before the number of routes for the di position of useless papers in · the executive depart was doubled at no greater e..~ense than heretofore. Of cour ·e ments," for the eli ·position of useless papers in the NaYy De it ~ill be observed that in many places, in many parts of the partment. country, where the roads are not adequate for that kiml of POST OFFICE A PPROPRllTlO~ BILL. service, the experiment will be a failure. It is in many in: The committee resumed its session. stances yet to be determined, and the department, therefore, 1\lr. 1\IOON. 1\Ir. Chairman, I yield a minute to the gentle must not only inaugurate the first experiment, preliminary to man from 1\Iissouri [l\1r. HENSLEY] . . the change, but oftentimes, when it is found it does not meet The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from l\[issourl [1\'[r. the wants of the people, it must make a second and a third HENSLEY] is recognized. experiment; and I insist that the . House ought to be patient 1\Ir. HENSLEY. 1\Ir. Chairman, I a k unanimous consent to while those experiments are being made on the part of the depnrt xtend my remarks in the RECORD by publishing a speech made ment to gi>e the best re ults for the service. They have investi by n Union soldier of my district on the life of President Lincoln. gated many of the complaints that have been made. Many of The CHAIR~IAl~. Is there objection to the gentleman's re them are conceded to be just, and there are many places where que. t to extend his remarks in the RECORD? it is conceded that this service can not be established. I have There was no objection. recei\ed from the Fotuth .Assistant Postmaster General a letter. Mr. 1\IOON. l\1r. Chairman, is the gentlemnn from :Minnesota which I ask the Clerk to read for the information of the Hou e. [l\lr. STEENERSON] ready to go on? I hope the Members of the House will be better satisfied, on Mr. STEE ffiUSON. Yes; I am ready to go on. hearing it, than they haYe been heretofore on the subject of rural l\Ir. 1\IOON. Just a moment, if the gentleman please. I routes. would like to put some matter in the llEcor.n. The CH....URM.A.N. Without objection, the Clerk will rend. rr. STEENERSON. Very well. The Clerk read as follows:· 1\Ir. MOON. 1\Ir. Chairman, it was stated a while ago by the POST OFFICE DEPARTliE~T, FOURTH ASSISTANT POSTIUASTER GENERAL, gentleman from Idaho [1\'Ir. S'lliTH] that the Gover~ment ad · Washington, Fe'bntarv 1, 1916. vertised for bids in Idaho and other far 'Vestern Stntes a Hon. JOHN A. MOON, number of times, and then 'ivithdrew it ·and offered another one. Ilouse of Rept·esentati'!/es. That que tion was asked by 1\Ir. STEEXERSON in the hearings MY DEAR l\ln. MooN: It ls certain that if given time thls depart· ment can eliminate every substantial objection to the' new methods before our committee. The answer is: adopted for the collection and delivery of mail on rural routes. Mr. Wooo. That is not so, Mr. STEE~Er:sox. I might answer this Representatives of the department are now Inspecting and adjust· along the line of my answer to your inquiry a while ago. Th£>re may ing the revised service in many lo~alitles, and will ev€.Iltually cover all be. mall poc;t offices somewhere, special otfices, or offices that have never districts where any change bas been made. had any regular mail supply anu which are located many miles off the Our reports indicate that not only is the readjustment meeting with railroad ; and in an elrort to give those people service, and in the hope the unqualified approval of patrons who bad been inconvenienced by the that we would get a bid at something like a reasonable rate, we have revision, but that we will be enabled to extend service to many who a dvertised for bids. Bids have come in calling for thousands of uollars, never bad mail facilities, either before or after the recent revision. and we ba>e not awarded the contract. Then we have readvertised The department desires to assure you, and through you any Repre in the hope that we would get a bid at a lower rate. sentative in Congress, or postal patron, that wherever any altera tion of rural-delivery service has Gccurreu there will be a complete This is from offices paid from $20 to $30 a month, and the and satisfactory readjustment of the same in the im.me 1\lr. MOON. That surplus wa~ shown for two years instead had reverted to the conscience and the ethics of the stone age, of one. amid mingled t('ars and condolences they adjourned. The next 1\Ir. 1\IONDELL. That shows how. far the good influence of a morning two of these gentlemen ch-anced to meet on the public Republican a-dministratien goes. [Laughter.] It can even inject street, and being still imbued with the heroic spirit of the oecu itself into ,_ Demoeratic a:drninistratiOTh fop- two years. sion, they attemPted to test immediately the question of pre- They have- no· doubt been. trying to do the right thing, but they paredness by proceeding forthwith in good old cave-dwelling have been too-much disturbed by the deficit, and I have sometimes style· to· pummel each other's honorable and distinguished conn tho-ught that they were trying to save the entire deficit of $10,,.. tenances. It was a. perfectly lovely exhibition. It was pecul- 000.000 on the s-tar routes of the mountain Commonwealth that iarly appropriate as the logical: sequence- of a meeting at which, 1 Iill.ve the lwnor to represent on this floor~ without cracking a smile, these honorable gentlemen tolled the- 1\Ir. CRISP. Will the gentleman r>ermit a statement'? bells over· the world's departed deeency and conscience and Mr. MONDELLo I will. announced a return to the most app1.-oved method of armed 1\fr. CRISP. I want to say to' the· gentl€man that they have burbarism. also operated in. my district. ] have h:1d :1bout 41 carriers That was a sort of prologue. The first act occurred just yes- let out. terday: There was some eonsiderable intermission:, but yesta·- l\11·. 1\fONDELL. Misery loves company.. [Laughter*l I felt day the. curtain rose on the departing form of a distinguished certain that the department was not singling me out as an ex- late S-ecretary of War-, carrying tmder his arm his pet Pomera ample of the sort of lack of service- that they ean afferd. I nian, the continental army. [Laughter.] In the foreground felt quite certain that we were getting quite as favor~ble con- stood the President, deep in thought as to who should be selected sideration as any one. The. trouble is- they have been trying now to carry on his programs for vast armies and armadas. to economize all along the line, with the :result that at least Of course, there are many different interpretations of what in tJ1e territory with which I am acquainted the department this all mellllS,. depending upon how you view the causes that has· not given us the service to which we are entitled. I ~ay have led up to this lovely condition o.f things. The little fisti this without any thought ef reflecting on the· gentlemen oil the- cuff OD! the street in front of the 1\1etropolitan. Club was the department. They think they have been doing the right thin~ logical outcome of the. meeting just dismissed, and the little but they a:re altogether too much impressed with the necessity, misunderstanding between the President and a truly ilistin as it occurs to. them, of being economical, when the- fact is that guished member of his Cabinet and an honorable gentleman a11 the American people- ask of the Post Office Depm:tment is was just as logical a devel{)pment of the hysteria that has been goo.U serviee-goo :ur. QUL~. I changed my minu about it. I believe what flourish, and retain its principles by keeping free from O'reat he saiu. military establishments. That is our vie'"· [Applause.] o • ~Ir. l\IONDELL. The gentleman is very ea ily per. uaueU. The President, I hope, sees the shadow of conscription behind [Laughter.] That is all I can say about that; and the Presi the continental army, and therefore he is unwilling to insist uent has not told us a blooming thing, with all clue deference upon it. This, I hope, means the first break in the ranks of to the President. He has taken pailis to tell us that we are those who have been advocating all these things so foreign to not in imminent danger. He simply tried to put a scare in our beliefs heretofore. All these things we have preached timid folks-! never before thought my friend from Missis against and prayed against since we can remember. If there · sippi ,-.,.as one of that sort-by saying that he did not know was ever a time when this people could safely continue its at· what a day will bring forth. Of course he does not. I know titude of reasonable military establishment, a time when it was what a few months will bring forth politically. [Laughter on its duty to keep away from all plans and propagandas of enor the Republican side.] But we do not, any of us, know what a mous military equipment and enterprises, it is to-day: To-uay, few days or one day will any more than the President. The when Europe is sick and weary of war ; to-day, when there is President says the world is Qn fire over yonder and that sparks not a nation in Europe but what would conclude peace under are flying. If that is so, why does he not call out the fire de almost any terms that would not be absolutely dishonorable and partment? [Laughter.] Why is he proposing to organize some humiliating; a time w}len the air is full of rumors of offers of fire companies and build some fire houses next year o::: a few separate peace to· Belgium; a time when the conque1;or is sick years from now? That will not ·save us from these sparks. of his conquest, tired, weary, willing to rehabilitate that people 1\Ir. QUIN. But he is trying to organize the fire department without requiring indemnity or retaining a fragment of sov to put that fire out when it does come to us. ereignty; this very day, when every warring nation in the Mr. l\IONDELL. Did you ever hear about the fellow they world is thinking and hoping and praying for peace and would told about in the old jingle? I have forgotten the way it runs, make peace if honors were more nearly even. In such a time but he bought a clock and he wound it every day for 40 years as this, in this great Republic-whose influence is still great, and at the end of 40 years found out that it was an 8-day clock notwithstanding our lack of vast military establishment~. as and that all his time had gone for nothing. Yes '; it might be shown by the deference paid us in our negotiations with all the well to organize against the invasion from Mars that we read nations of the world-it behooves us to be calm. This day, about a few years ago in the magazines.. Nobody thought of when the proudest military nation on earth is endeavoring to doing it, because we were ·mostly sane then. It was just about adjust her warfare to our views; this day, when the mistre s of as probable as anything we have to fear to-day in the way of the seas is seeking for conditions under which she may allow invasion. If the gentleumn from Mississippi [1\Ir. QurN] will our ships to plow the seas unmolested if she can do so without quietly retire to some place where he is entirely free from the giving up what she considers her strongest weapon against the contaminating influences of the miasma of militarism that is foe, is a time to be self-posse..<::sed. In these days, when we are spt·eading abroad through the land, he will realize that is true approaching the time when weary, exhausted, war-sick nations now just as he realized it was true _before-well, before the of the world shall gather around the council tables to shape President persuaded him without saying much of anything. the conditions of peace, this is the time, as the President said (Laughter.] The President and the Secretary of 'Var split on to us a year ago from this very platform, to keep cool and con what? On what is one of the most menacing features of this tinue on our way as a peaceful people, refusing to be carried entire hysteria, the continental army, the continental army off our feet by the hysteria of foolish and groundless fears into thut nobody expects will be a success; thaf most everyone has support of the plans of enormous military and naval establish :1dmitted would fail, because the boys would not volunteer. ments which have grown out of the desire of great corpora Back of it stands the sinister figure of conscription, the con tions to continue and increase their profits and the influences scription that must come or they believe would come if we they have been able to exert on well-meaning but misinformed were to start that kind of an army when the volunteers failed and timid people. [Applause.] to come to tl1e standards. They are sugar-coating conscription Mr. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield 15 minutes to the by calling it "universal service," and they are trying to make gentleman from Iowa [Mr. DowELL]. it palatable by likening it to the Swiss system, a s~stem un 1\Tr. -:uooN. Will the gentleman advise us who informed him? to know that at least one department of this aiministrn.tion l\IL'. DOWELL. The people living on the routes who ha\e has gi\en some thought to the question of economy. I am ready receiYcd their maiL to join with the department wherever it may be done in an The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Iowa yield? economical administration of the affairs of the department with- . l\lr. DOWELL. I do not desire to yield, for I have just a . out injury to the service, but I will not join in any plan, under fe"· minutes of time. whatever name, and I must emphatically protest against any The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman declines .to yield. plan, which deprives the farmers of the country of a satisfactory 1\lt·. DOWELL. Before any changes were made by the de and efficient free delivery service. These rural routes were pnrtment in this system, a careful inspection should have been established by Congress because of a demand by the people for mn Thi<; will give us earlier mail by our former -carrier of Ackworth, mail change, and if we do not -get what we need ancl ourrht to have now as this is a good road and in good condition. we will after election. Thanking you-again for your klnu and valuable The parts marked out on 1111ap are very billy byways; road Is in bad service. condition and neglected. Respectfully, It is impossible for the carrier to get over with car in wet times. (Signed by a committee of three.) But vecy little work Is being done ; some bas not bad any work for several years. Only one patron take daily paper, and only three boxes on the 2 miles from east line of section 19 south to west line of section 32. . NORWALK, IOWA, October !0, 1915. The patrons farthest off the county road are three-fourths of a mlle. We, the undersigned patrons of rural route No. 1 of Norwalk have The map will show the changes asked :for, which will place more been informed that the Post OffiCi! Department has decided to consoli patrons on route. date the three routes of this place into two and a part of same into the The crossing on river at center o:f section 17 is In an impassable Indianola, Iowa, route. condition at present. In times of high water can not be crossed for We would like for you to u e your utmost influence In maintaining several days-sometimes for a week or more. the present routes out of Norwalk, Iowa, just as they are, and give for (Signed by about 15 persons.) ~~~~og~~~:ollowing, and there is a number of other reasons not men- . Route No. 1, for reasons is as follows: Do not want mall from In ORILLIA, November 3, 1915. dianola, .for th~ reason of poor roads, too far from post office, and not Hon. C. C. DOWELL, the tradrng pomt of any, or at least of a very few of the patrons ot Des Moines, Iowa: ~~fri~e~te, and also the route would be too long for good service, a we We have b<'fore us letter from J. K. Pickett, Acting Fourth Assistant Postmaster General in reply to your letter concerning the petition from (Signed by about 75 persons.) Orillia and Cummrngs,1 protesting against the change in the rural routes i.n the above-named places. In Mr. Pickett's reply he gives us no sati faction, and seems to know NORWALK, IOWA, October !0, 1915. more about our requirements than we do our elves. We still insist that We, the undersigned patrons of route No. 2 out of the town of Nor this change is an act of injustice, and we would like to know wherein walk, hereby petition you to use your utmost inftuence in maintaining the department thinK they are bettering the service. We know the the above route aut of Norwalk, Iowa, just as it now i. , and give for conditions of the roads here kn1>w the number of patrons that are our rea ons, as follows . going to be greatly inconven1 enced, and would be glad of the oppor We do. not con ider a cllan~ would give us good service, as we are tunity to show an inspector over the routes, that be might see condi- now getting, and for a further reason it would so change matters that tions aR they actually exist. . the patrons would be too far from their post office and for a further Mr.. Pickett places spec~al emphasis on economy, regardless of service. reason the patrons would be getting their mall from a town not their In this case we are payJng for service and getting none. We expect trading point, which is very objectionable. to fight this to a fl.nisb, and insist that an in ;pector go over the routes. We eru:nestly solicit you to do all within your power to assist u in (Signed by committee of five.) :rnaintainrn~ !he above route just as we now have it, and feel and know that It 1s to the best interest of the patrons of the route. We trust that you will not allow any time to be lost in seeing that 0RILLIA, October 15, 1915. we have that which we are entitled to in tbls matter, and that our We, the undersigned patrons of rural free delivery No. 1 from present service 1 maintained. post office at OrUlia. have been informed that the postmaster at Orlllla (Signed by about 100 names.) has been notltl.ed by the department to discontinue the above-mentioned (Norwalk-Route No. 3.-Tbe same petition was received, signed by route on October 31, 1915. This is not satisfactory to us, and we con about 100 persons.) sider it an act of injustice. Whereas this above-mentioned route bas been established for a number MILo, IOWA, December G, 1915. of years; in fact, 1t is one of the oldest routes in this section of the H on. C ASSIUS C. DOWELL, ' country, it being very favorably located, and covers a circuit on all Member Congress, Seventh Distf"ict ot Iowa: . sides of the office of about an equal distance in all directions. Under the proposed route starting from Cummings there will be 35 Owing to the dis atisfaction of the former patrons of rural free families that will not be satisfactorily served; and delivery mail service out of Milo, Iowa, we take this method of ex Whereas under the present route now existing from Orillla post office pressin& to you our regret over the recent changes which were effective these are all being served direct ; and November 1, 1915. Whereas the undersigned patrons of the above said route consider !t We do, therefore, petition the United States Congress at Washington an injustice, and that we are justified in making a demand that our D. C., through you, our Representative, to use all reasonable means to present route be left as it now is, with one exception,. and that you cause .the said former rural free-delivery service at this place to be re may add to lt lf the department so desires. We therefore appeal to ~~~~l~~~dl.and reinstate Lewis Daugherty to his position as carrier on you as our Repre eutotlve to take this matter up wltb the department in our behalf, and expect favorable returns. Also place James W. Estes on route 2 and Eugene Richmond on (Signed by about 150 persons.) route 3, their respective routes. .(Signed by about 110 persons.) December G, 1!J15. 0RILLIA, IOWA, December !9, 1915. MILO, IOWA, Hon. C. C. DOWELL, Hon. C. C. Dow~LL, M. C., Des Moines. I otoa. seventli District, Iowa. DEAR SIR: We acknowledge receipt of your letter of November 22 in DEAR SIR : Find inclosed herewith a petition praying for an act o:f closing a letter from the Acting Fourth Assistant Postmaster General Congress to revise the present rural-man system which is going into in reply to our second letter to you protesting against the action of the eJfect in the State of Iowa. With the kind of roads-dirt roads I department ln di~continuing the route from Orlllla. mean-we ha~e in this country, no matl route should be more than 25 We have carefully read Mr. Pickett's letter and we fail to find any miles, and still better cut them to 20 miles. Reduce the carrier's salary justification ln claims made by him. He said the revision was made in to 800 or 900 per annum, and thereby give the rural district better ordar to suspend any unnecessu.ry travel. Our answer to this is that mall all the year. Our carrier here can cover a 30-mlle route on dry not one foot o.1' unnecessary travel was made by our carrier. He fur smooth roads, but be bas to keep more horses and can't give as good ther says, without impairing the service of the patrons. If the de service. partment bad this in view, they were simply undertaking an impos 'l'aJk about economizing if you must, but don't undertake to do it by sibility. Our proof of this is the condition now existing since they weakening the Rural Mail Service. The farmer would not object to· have put into effect the so-called revision, as we stated in our first paying a higher rate on post-office mall matter, because be realizes that letter, that the proposed route would greatly inconvenience the patrons, this class of mall is handled too cheaply. He doe n't care so much foJ and we now say that it certainly bas. In fact, it has deprived them of the prlei!, but be wants his man every day regularly, and the only way servic') altogether. Next, be says by the savings made by this so to accomplish this ls to shorteu the routes. called revision be can extend service to those who had none. But why If you want to see a man go in the air-to use slang phrase-just deprive one man to serve another? We believe the farmers are en tell him his mall route bas been changed so that he will be served from titled to have their mall delivered to their doors at least once a day in another post office than tbe one where be does his banking and other this change of service from Orillia to Cummings, and the weather and business. Just think of taking away from a family a thing that they roads will be in a condition that be can cover all of his route all have learned to beJleve to be their privilege. of having their mall the time; they will not get this once-a-day delivery. At this time the delivered to them right at their door from what they consider their road conditions are ideal and be does not get in in time for the mail own town. to go out on the evening train, so his collection must be held over . We have families living as far as 5 miles out that when the recent until the next day. One day since the change it rained and the carrier change went into effect they told us to keep their mail in the office ana had to stay overnight 10 miles out in the country. '.rhe next day he we will call for it, we don't want our mail to come to Lacona. Some cut out about half of the Ori.llia route. This is no fault of the car ba ve taken boxes, and others are going to drop their daily papers on rl<'r, he simply bas a route that can not be covered in bad weather. · account that they are 24 boul'S old when received. 'Mr. Pickett says no injustice was intended to the patrons of Orill1a, There are so many arguments against recent changes and in favor neither does be believe any was imposed by the change made. How be of shorter routes that it would take a great deal of time to cover the' can make this claim fs more than we can understand, for he is making whole ground in connection with the matter. n claim that is absolutely wrong, and we believe be is smart enough to It is being claimed that tbere is no discrimination against certain lmow this, at least be ought to be, holding the position he now does. towns and post offices. Take, for instance, the town of Milo, Iowa, Where u number were receiving their mail at their door and are now which bad prior to the recent change only three rural routes, and the cut out entirely, Mr. Pickett says that the department is anxious to little town of Lacona had five; now Lacona still retains her number and know of the localities where service is actually needed. When you get acquired 8 to 9 miles of Milo's most valuable territory, and Milo lost to Washington just tell them that they need look no further than one route, leaving two, to Lacona five. Milo is located in and sur~ Orillia, and now, Mr. DowELL, we know that we are justified in rounded by a nice level country, while Lacona is located in and sur making the complaint; it Is an injustice and unreasonable, and as we rounded by a rough billy country. have sairl before, we are all up in arms and expect to fight to the last One Lacona route comes within 3 miles of Milo on one side and ditch. We believe that you are doing all that you can and thank you Indianola 1i mJJes on the west side. If that doesn't place this office for same, and hope and believe that you will continue to do so after back ln the tourth class it w1ll be very strange. reaching Washington. Just say to the fellows down there that the The postmaster ln Des Motnes claims that these recent changes are a farmers out here in Iowa think we know just as much about roads and fine thing and everything will he a.Jl right as soon as we learn to take weather conditions, and what a mail carrier can do and what be can our medicine. (I don't know who told him to make the statement.); not do, and · what we are entitled to, as some clerk sitting in a warm He also thinks that the country_ postmasters are responsible, because office up at Washington· also say to them that there is another elec they recommended the change. .W~D, there is one that did not. Most tion coming and all parties are thoroughly disgusted with the radical emphatically no. - Q 191G. OONGRESSIO:N .L\_L RECORD-HOUSE._ 2471 '""\""hatcvcr you do. work for the !':horter rcmte, and all the proposed NEW VIRGIXIA., Iow.1., October 30, 19D. chang<'}; .·houlcl he thorotlghly investigated uefore being ordered. . Hon. CASSIUS C. DOWELL, Yery truly, yours, Des Moines, Iowa. W. B. DunnAM, DEAR Sm: I wish to enter a protest against the change tllat has Post·master. been made in our rural delivery service. And I voice the sentiment of the people in general in this country. The routes have been lengtllened, Tm:; no, IowA, December £8, 1915. making it impossible f'Jr the carriers to make the rounds in bad We, the citizens of Truro and surrounding vicinity, very much regret weather. You know the condition of the Warren County roads in bad and protest again.·t the rerouting of the rural mail system. weather. And I trust you will use your influence to have a change One route has been discontinued. A route coming through our town made in the near future that will give us better· service. from the north anu others from the west carry our heaviest mall to Yours, very truly, other towns. The routes are lengthened so that it is impossible to get liAllLOW :'IIILLS. good service. We feel that it is an injustice to the rural community surrounding Truro. Therefore we petition you to u. e your influence to ba;e it reconsidered PATTERSON, IOWA, Not:embcr 9, 1915. and rerouted so that it will best serve the patrons of our town and FOURTH ASSIS'£A:XT POSTMASTER GE .ERAL, county. Wasltington, D. C. (Signed by about 300 persons.) DEAR SIR: We the undE'rsigned are now patrons of the Patterson post offire, and we -are writing you a protest against being put on the WAUKEE, Iowt.., October 1, 1915. Winterset routes on December 1, 1915. We do our trading here at Pat Ron. C. C. DOWELL, terson and come here, the majority of us, almost daily and can get our Sct'entl~ Congrcssiona~ District, Washington, D. C. mail when here, and we seldom go to Winterset. IIOXORABLE Sm: We, the undersigned patrons of rural route No. 2, (Signed by about 30 persons.) being now serve(]. f1om the Waukee post office, learning that the said 1·oute is to be so changed as to be served from the Adel post office, PATTERSON, IOWA, November 9, 1915. r~pectfully ask that, if possible, you consider our objections to the said change for the following reasons: FOURTH ASSISTANT POSTM.1STER GENERAL, First. A majority of us are much closer to Waukee, do our banking Division of Rural Mails, Washington, D. 0. nnd general trading there, and often find it very convenient at tinles DEAR SIR: We the undersigned are now patrons of the Winterset anll to call at the Waukee post office for our mail, when in town, which is St. Charles post offices, and we petition your honorable body to permit often of considerable importance. us to receh·e our mail from the post office at Patterson, Iowa. Second. l\Iost of us now have our mail delivered in boxes at our (Signed by about 20 persons.) farm , wherea!:' if the contemplated change is made in route some of WOODWARD, lOW.1, December 29, 1915. us would have to 1:1'0 from one-fourth to one-half mile to some corner or crossroads for our mail. Third. In case of storms or impassable roads or other causes where Hon. CASSIUS C. DOWELL, carriN' is unablE> to make the route, many of us could go to Waukee Representative (1·om the Seventh Oongi·essional District, and ~et our mall, whereas the distance to Adel is such that we could Des Moines, Iowa: not do so. We the undersigned patrons of rural route No. 2, Woodward, Iowa, Fourth. Coon River would be between the proposed route and Adel, some months ago petitioned the Postmaster General for a. change in which. in case of high water, would make it impossible for vehicles to part of the route of carrier No. 2, from Woodward, by which said car cro s the bottom for dass at a time, as it has been in the past. rier would, by leaving the present route at the middle of the WE'St line (Signed by about 75 persons.) of section 36 and going in either direction around section 1, Des Moines Township, Dallas County, Iowa, and the south half of section 36, Peo WAUKEE, IOWA, October 1, 1913. ples Township, Boone County, Iowa, give 12 families front-door mall lion. C. C. DOWELL. service, which families at present are one-quarter to three-quarters of a DE.\r. SIR: In offering this petition for your consideration, we would mile from their mail boxes. <:mpha ize object!on 4 in petition relative to the Coon River, which We feel that in rejecting our petition the Postmaster General did not again roRe at Adel to such height as to make it dangerous and almost fully understand the merits of our petition, .and feel that if this is impas. able, sini!P. we started this petition. awarded us we are receiving only what we are fairly entitled to. • We have about seven-eighths of the patrons of route No. 2 attached We desire your earnest support and assistance in this matter. to this petition. Those that did not sign it admit they get no (Signed by 12 persons.) better service, but do their banking and trading at Adel. Hoping this will recei>e your favorable consiUcration, COLO SAVINGS ll.\:XK, Yours, re pcc-tfully, CoLo, low A, February 5, 1916. JOHN LEWELLYN. Hon. C. C. DowELL. Washington, D. C. DEAn Sm: At the request of ?.llr. J. D. Lounsberry, one of our farmer D.1LLAS CE:-\TEP., low A, October 5, 1915. friends, who circulated the inclosed petition, we are forwarding same To 1lte honorable rosTliASTEll GENERAL, to you. This petition is signed by representative farmers and business Washington, D. C.: men of this community, the larger part of the signers being farmers who ·we, the Panther Cooperative Association of Patrons of Route No. 3. are affected by the chang~ in mail service. I can assure you that there out of Dallas Center, hereby protest against the change that ts to be is genuine dissatisfaction with the change in mail routes at this point. made cutting us off from the Dallas Center post office and attaching us and anything you may do to help relle>e the situation will be appre to Allel. ciated by the patrons here. There has been expended over $5,000 on the route between Panther, Yours, very truly, C. W. YEAGER, Cashie1·. Iowa, and Dallas Center, and we believe that this route is much better than the propo ed rCiute frcm Adel. CoLO, I ow A, February 5, 1916. The proposed route from Adel, passing over many byroads where lion. C. C. DOWELL, Jn wintertime the roads arc impassable, and we are afraid much of the Washingt01~, D. C. Hme we will be unable to get our mail O>er the proposed new road from DEAR Sm: We, the undersigned voters of Story County, patrons of the Adel to Panther store. Colo, Iowa, post office, and business men of the town of Colo, respect Respectfully, (Signed by about 35 per&ons.) fully request that you use your infiuence to have the Postmaster General reconsider his order to abandon one rural route out of Colo, Iowa. Considerable tinle and money have been spent to get the route roads Hon. C. C. DowELL, in good condition, a number of patrons of the office and customers of Congressman fmm Sct:enth Distt·ict of Iowa-Des Moines. the town are forced to get their mall elsewhere, making it inconvenient for the patron as well as being a detriment to the town. The rural DLHU SIR: We, the undersigned, being patrons of Rural Delivery mall service from Colo was entirely satisfactory prior to the change, Routes Nos. 1 and 2, out of Ankeny, Polk County, Iowa, do hereby but under the new arrangement many patrons who have received their most respectfully and emphatically protest against the proposed con mail from the Colo office for years, living close to Colo, are compelled solida ti:>n of the. c two routes, and the proposal to carry the mall over to get their mail on the Nevada routes or not have their mail delivered said proposed consoll:lated route by automobile. Our objection to this Many are refusing to have their address changed on account of doin..; consolidation is basel! on the fact that dUI·ing a larfe part of the winter all their other business in Colo, and call for their mail at the office': months and during the rainy season of the spring t will be impossible, Under these crrcumstances the new arrangement is found unsatisfactory owing to the condition of the roads, for the carrier to make his trip nnd we herein voice our urgent protest against the change. with an automobile over this route with any degree of regularity, thereby delaying our ma.U service and at times discontinuing it alto (About 22G persons.) gethE.'r. We would further call your attention to the fact that owing These protests have all been filed with the Post Office Depart~ to the length of this proposed consolidated route, it would be impos sible for a carrier to make the trip in a. day by means of horses. We ment, and, so far as I know, have resulted in no changes by the therefore arc asking you to use your influence against this proposed department from the original plan. These protests are not made change and to present this protest to the proper authorities at Wash without cause. Neither are they made because of any disposition ington. (l'(•titlon for Route No. 2 same as above.) on the part of the signers to criticize or object to an economica1 (Route No. 1, signed by about 50 persons; Route No. 2, signed by administration of the affairs of this department. But they are about 180 persons.) made because of an honest belief, and because of evidence upon which to base this belief, that they can not and will not receive INDIANOLA, IOWA, Oetobe1· 25, 1915. lion. C..!SSIUS C. DOWELL: efficient service under the present change of the rural routes. "ITc. the undersigned patt·ons of rural route No. 4, Indianola Iowa In addition to the complaints I have referred to, which are having been jnformed that a change in schedule of that rural mali conclusive in showing the absolute failure of this reorganization route will !ake effect November .1. 1915, and that the route. when plan, there is one other distinct protest which applies to many changed, ·w1ll either cut off or IIDpair ~reatly the satisfactory mall deliv<'l"Y service wi.Jich we have enjoyed fot· 14 yeat·s, respectfully ask of the changes made by the department. I refer to the arbi :von to take up the subject with the rural-serrtce division of the Post trary change by the department of the post office address- of Office Deportment nnd request them to allow the route to continue on the olcl schedule. Except go west 80 rods on south line of section 6 many patrons of these routes. To illush·ate, one town in my thcfi uorth one-half mile, then cost one-quartet· mile to old schedule. ~ district had but one rural route of about 24 miles in length, (Signed by about 40 persons,). which circlell about the little town. The recent change by the 2472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY · l2, department took this route from this little town and trans ferred it to a town some miles away, thus changing the post Office. Old New Dato office ncJdrel'$ of the citizens living about the town. length. length. effective. 1\lr. STEENERSON. Will the gentleman yield? -I l\fr. DOWELL. I only have just a few moments. Guthrie Center ••.. •..••...... 3 26.25 26.75 June 16.1913 l\fr. ;;JTEENERSON. I will give the gentleman more time. Hiteman ...... 1 23.18 24.28 June 1,1913 Humboldt•..••.•..••• ~ ··············· 5 22.25 22.50 July 1,1914 1\fr. DOWELL. Certainly. 1 26.00 28g May 1G,1915 .Mr. STEENERSON. I want to know the name of the town? Imof>~~:: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 26.25 28.75 Nov. 1,1915 Mr. DO"\VELL. The town is Orillia, Iowa. I want to say to Independence ...... 3 2&1 26.75 Apr. 1G,19U the Do ...... •...... ••..••....••..• 3 26.75 30.125 June 16,1915 gentleman there are a number of places in the district I 5 29.88 3LOO Nov. 1,1915 have the honor to represent where the post-office address of low~~~:.::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 27.65 .29.15 Do. per ons has been changed from the town near which they live Do ...... 8 25i 27.00 June 1,1915 Iowa Falls ...... 6 27.00 Z7 May 16,1913 sometimes at the very edge of the town-to one some miles Janesville...... 1 29.10 29.60 July 1,1915 away. Do .••...... ••...... •....•. 2 25.75 26.75 July 1,1913 Under similar circumstances, th-is change .of post-office ad Jefferson ...... •...... ••.....•...... 3 24.00 29 ~ June 16,1915 2 25.50 26.50 Nov. 16,1915 dress has occurred in many places, as is shown in these petitions {t!ll~ifoti:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4 23.25 23.75 Sept. 1,1913 and prote ts. And these citizens arc not permitted to get their Keokuk ...... •...... •.. 2 22.09 23.09 May 1G,1915 mail from the town or village they are contributing to build up Killduff ...... ••...•. . 2 .50 29.23 Oct. 1G,1915 Lake Mills ...•....•.•...•...•...•..... ~ 231 24i July 1,1913 and support. 1 24..50 25.59 Jan. 1,1915 It is the numerous communities which make up this great Re ~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 27.75 29.75 July 6,1915 public of ours, and it should be the aim and purpose of every 1 253 26~ Apr. 1G,19U ~~~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 23.46 23.4.96 June 16,1915 department of the Government to cultivate and encourage the Lovilia ...... 2 161 181 Apr. 1,1914 building up and improvement of these communities. 3 29.75 30.2j Nov. 16,1915 The tnking away of the rural route from these .communities 1 28:t 28~ . Nov. 1,19U ~;~:~.g~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 28.75 30.775 Dec. 1,1915 and the changing of the post-office address to a city or town many 3 25g 29.0J Do. miles away has a tendency to destroy the community interest, ' Ma'1J.5~~~ : :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 24.00 29.75 Oct. 16, 1915 Do ..... ·- ························ 6 29.75 30.40 Dec. 1,1915 and the people have-the right to protest against any system or 4 26.625 2 .13 July 1,1915 plan which has a tendency to destroy this community interest. 1' 26.00 28.00 Sept 1,1915 And they have the right to protest against the arbitrary change M::~~~::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::: :j 1 28.00 28.25 Sept. 16,1915 of their post-office address from the town they are helping to build up and improve. Every 1ndividu~ I believe, is and There is not a change of more than 5 miles in a particular ought to be loyal to his own community, and I am proud to route from any of these towns as reported by the department. know that the e petitions and protests maintain this loyalty. 1\fr. RAMSEYER. Will the gentleman yield? In conclusion let me say that the farmers have the right to . 1\Ir. .M:OON. Yes. insist that the Post Office Department in fixing these routes Mr. RAl\fSEYER. The report only brings it down to November give to them the same consideration that is given to the mer 8. I would like to know why you stop at that date? chant or the man living in the city. This is all they ask, and 1\Ir. MOON. That was about the beginning of the time of this this they are entitled to receive. And I maintain that a fair Congress. Reports could not have been made very much later. -consideration of these petitions and protests nnd the facts pre Mr. RAl\fSEYER. In my district there were 16 routes dis sented therein will restore the rural routes to where they were , continued .and 63 extended, and nearly all of that was done prior to the pre.~ent change and will restore to them a good and : since Nov-ember 8. satisfactory service. [Applause.l Mr. l\IOON. Possibly that may be so. Now, as I said before, Mr. Chairman, I desire to ask permission to extend my re here is the readjustment after the beginning of this Congre s. marks in the RECORD and to print therein the petitions to which There is the letter from the department saying that they are I referred. proposing to readjust, not only once but twice, so as to make The CHAIR~fAN. Is there objection to the request of the these matters entirely satisfactory to you. Do you think that g-entleman from Iowa'? [After a pause.] The Ohair bears none. all routes can be adjusted in five or six weeks? Gentlemen 1\fr . .M:OON. l\Ir. Chairman, I sympathize with those gentle should learn some measure of patie~ce about this matter. men who are tlxmbled by their constituents about routes; but, as Mr. RAMSEYER. Will the gentleman yield? ·I remarked a while ago, .gentlemen ought to be ptJ.tient auout l\fr. MOON. Yes. these changes. The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. DowELL] knows Mr. RAMSEYER. Does the gentleman contend that a discon that there are many thousands of routes in the United States. tinuance or extension of a route can be made by following the and that there has been an adjustment of seven or eight thou maps in the office and without sending an inspector over the sand of those routes in the interest of the public, as the depart routes? ment believes, and a saving of an amount of money that enables Mr. MOON. Of course, I d'O not contend that a route that has the ndruini tration to sny that rural routes can be conducted for not been inspected could be so laid out by blue prints in the four nnd a ha:lf million dollars less than heretofore. But the office, and the fact is that there has not such a tl1ing been done, committee .are not willing to mak-e a reduction in this service. no matter what any gentleman says here. Those routes have, They have not done o. We fix the sum at $53,000,000. The every one of them, been inspected time and again. ~t may be gentleman ought to know that with all of these routes that the true that after the inspection was made and the diagram of that readjustment can not be made in e-very State at once. He is route made that some changes were made in it without a rein eompJaining of Iowa. Let us see what the facts say about that spection. That is perhaps the cause of complaint of some of you tate. Here is a statement showing by States the extension of gentlemen. the rural l'Oute service from March 1, 1913, to November 8, Mr. DOWELL. Will the gentleman yield? 1915, and the discontinuance and curtailment of routes : Mr. MOON. Oh, no; you would not yield to me a while ago. I would be glad to yield to you if you had yielded to me then. Office. Route. Old New Date Now, it would be impossible for the department to make all length. length. effective. of these readjustments at once. Of cour e everybody is more or less dissatisfied with changes, or somebody i more or less Albia ...... l 22.78 -25.81 Aug. . 1,1915 dissatisfied with changes on routes. Now, if you gentlemen Do ...... •..••... 4 23.40 24.80 June 16,1914 will go down to the d~partment and file your complaint, as Atnlis3a .•...... •...... •...•.• '1. 22.75 29.75 May 16,1915 Do ...... 2 22.07 22.325 Nov. 1,1914 many of you have done, in due time an inspector will be :;;ent Au.burn ...... 2 24.75 25.75 Oct 16,1914 there to ascertain whether you are correct in your contention Dlockton ...... •.....• 3 24.19 24.69 Nov 16,1914 or not, and if you are, the matter will be remedied, and if it Borle ...... •.. 2 26.00 27.00 Oct. 16,1914 Britt...... •...... 1 26.25 29.25 Sept. 1, 1915 requires a second inspection to do it that will also be granted.. Danville ...•...... •.....•. 1 24.50 27.00 May 16,1915 You heard a letter from the Fourth Assistant Postmaster. Do ...... 3 24.25 281 Do. · General read, in which he explained the manner in which the Des :M.oine3 ...... •.• 3 24.23 24.75 Oct. 1,1914 4 28i July 16,19a adjustment had been done in one congressional district in 1\fich D~~Iii:::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: 4 ~~ 27.75 .A.pr. 1,1915 igan, and how entirely satisfactory it was, and how much money, EJ!iott ...... 1 28.50 30.50 Jan. 1,1915 had been saved by reason of it. Now, that will occur with you all l~mmetsburg ...... 1 25.25 27.25 Dec. 4,1915 Fairfax ...... •..... 1 24.00 2400 lune 16,1913 in due time. I do not blame you for talking here for home Fairfield ...... 5 25.285 25.40.5 May 1,1913 consumption on that matter, bnt we are transacting a little iforest {' ity ...... 2 26.00 26.25 Mar. 16,1913 business in this House on that question, and you have to wait Orncttiugcr ...... 1 20.50 22.50 Aug. 16,19U Grinnell ...... •...•...... 2 25.00 27.00 Mar. 16, 1913 and have patience. You can not have this change all at once, Griswold ...... 2 25.00 26.25 Jan. 1,1915 These routes will be adjusted. You will be attended to in time 1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. . 1\fr. RAMSEYER. I am not talking for home consumption; Free Delivery Service was established, their mail from the town I am asking for information. We have 32 protests in the Post of Somerset, where they reside. Office Department now, and I hope they will be around and Now, Somerset has some important business interests. Some inspect the routes. But I do know from information I have of the business men had their letterheads prepared and p-ro· from my district that there has not been a single route inspected ceeded to do business under the advantages that they obtained within a year. from the successful carrying on of the rural carrier service and Mr. MOON. It does not need it within a year. Does not the the increased service of the parcel post. They felt that that gentleman understand that an intelligent official does not have to service would be a permanent aid in the successful establish inspect a route every year? There was an inspection made ment of business, which would give to themselves and their when the route was laid out, and there was another inspection families more of the comforts of life than they had formerly en when the route was put in, in order to readjust the trouble. joyed. The people living in the country towns were thereby Those routes are all inspected. Even if a part of them had been encouraged to establish various lines of business, and they pro changed from the blue print, and it has brought trouble, that ceeded to do this, because in that way they could earn a little can be corrected by an inspection as soon as the inspectors can better living than they had been having the opportunity to ob get to it, as the department says. When you explain these tain by reason of work on their farms. matters to your constituents. I do not think you will be troubled That change of the Rural Free Delivery Service came as a further with it. I know you have done all you could, and if surprise to me. I was compelled to say in answer to inquirers, there is a complaint you have put it right. · · "I absolutely know nothing about it." My constituents were Mr. RAMSEYER. Yes, sir; we have. calling me constantly over the telephone and telling me what 1\fr. MOON. And the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. How.A:BD] was happening all over the district. Later in the day the people is in a little trouble the same as you have been in-maybe more from South Westport called me up and told me they had re trouble. But I am satisfied they are going to be treated exactly ceived notice that their office was to be changed, and that their as they have been treated in Michigan, when they get to them. delivery . was to be practically destroyed and made useless. Mr. HOWARD. It is true, as the gentleman says, there has They said, u We are going to hold a public meeting down in the been a good deal of trouble with the adjustment in the State village of South Westport to-night, and we would like to have of Georgia than in the States of these other gentlemen. yon attend that meeting." They said, "We will send up an Mr. MOON. Georgia is the worst State as far as that is con automobile for you." I do not happen to own one. They said, cerned. They have been raising so much corn and cotton on the " We will take y011 down and bring you back." old roads that they had to go through cotton fields there to estab I went down, and when I arrived there I found, in a nice little lish a new route. Quaker meetinghouse, a number of infuriated citizens, who 1\Jr. HOWARD. Yes, sir. They have had to pick cotton met there and related to me their sorrows and troubles over there in order to get through with the mails. [Laughter.] these rural free delivery clmnges~ My friend and colleague l\Ir. MOON. And they were so anxious to make money on the from the sixteenth district [l\1r. WALSH] was affected like cotton after the readjustment that they put the old roads into myself, because some people in his district, which immediately adjoins mine, were affected by the changes that were made as cotton fields. to the delivery of their man. 1\fr. HOWARD. There is no complaint on that. It is just the Afte1· we arrived there there was some considerable talk activity of the department to give efficient service. among the citizens as to the disadvantages under which they Mr. RAMSEYER. Do I understand the gentleman to say would suffer by the proposed changes, and there were som\l there has been no complaint in the State of Georgia? rural free delivery carriers there. Some of the gentlemen said: Mr. MOON. The gentleman did not understand me correctly. " Let us call on the rural free delivery carriers to tell us how The gentleman from Georgia [Mr. HowARD] has complained this affects us and what their position will be.'~ I presided more than all of you put together. at the meeting, and I said: "Why, you do not want to call on M1·. RAMSEYER. I understood the gentleman from Georgia these earriers. They are in the executive department of this to say that Georgia had not complained. Government, and if they tell what they know they will probably Mr. MOON. Georgia has complained. All of you gentlemen get themselves into trouble. But, thank God. I am a free will be looked after. Just be patient. Representative of the people, and I am under no obligation to l\Ir. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield 15 minutes to the the Executive department. I am a part of the legislative de gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. GREENE]. partment, and I can say what I please and do whatever I l\1r. GREENE of Massachusetts. 1\Ir. Chairman, I propose to please, because I am responsible to the people I represent and talk a little on the rural free delivery, and especially the rural not subject to official dictation." free delivery in the district which I have the honor to represent. The citizens present explained very fully the unfortunate The first notice that was received of any change in the rural predicament in which they would be placed and the great finan delivery in the district came on the 22d day of November, when cial loss to which they would be subjected, and finally, after I was called by telephone and informed that there had been a the situation had been talked over and my eloquent friend l1ere notice of a change of the Uural Free Delivery Service in the on my right [l\1r. WALSH], who can talk much more eloquently town of Somerset, which is located on the west side of Taunton than I can, had told these people what we would try to do for River opposite the city of Fall River, where I reside, and that them, I said I would send a dispatch to the Post Office Depart the carrier had been notified that his services would be no ment, telling the department what the situation was, and we longet· required, giving him notice that changes to be effected would see if we could get any kind of response from the there would go into operation on the 30th day of November. department. I will read to you the dispatch which I sent that I made some inquiries as to what was being done, as I had night after I arrived home and before I went to bed at mid· not previously heard anything about it, and the postmaster of night. This is the dispatch that I sent : . Somerset did not know anything about these changes until he Citizens of tfie district I represent, in mass meeting assembled at got the official notice, nor did the carrier know anything about South Westport. are bitterly opposed to orders tha1: have been issued overthrowing the Rural Delivery Service. They and constituents else it. To this day the carrier has never received any notice except where ask that the date named when orders shall be effective be post the one which he received from the postmaster at Somerset. poned. until an investigation can be mad-e. In many cases important The department never sent any notice to this carrier that he business interests will be seriously affected by the proposed changes. I shall be in Washington on December 2, and desire to confer with you was to be retired. He received the cold-blooded notice from the upon the vital questions involved. postmaster that on the 30th disturbed. I just heard the chairman of the Committee on the The people said to ·me, "Here, you went dmvn to South 'Vest Post Office and Post Roads tell Members to be patient. You port where those folks held a meeting and you fixed it for them. can not be patient when you get notices tl1roughout your entire See if you can not fix it for use." I said, " I will try. I will uistrict that in eight days they are going to tear the postal tell you what I will do." . facilities in your district all to pieces, so far as rural delivery The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. is concerned. You can not be patient when your carriers are Mr. PAIGE of Massachu etts. I yield to the gentleman 10 notified that in eight days their services will be dispensed minutes more. with-not in consequence of notices sent to the carriers them Mr. GREEl'\"'E of Massachusetts. I shall need more time selves, but notices sent to the post office, where the postmaster than that. I ha\e not begun yet. simply tells the carriers that they are to be discharged. Some 1\Ir. 1\IOO:N. I will gi\e the gentleman some time if he 6f the carriers had bought automobiles, and now that they have needs it. been removed from the service they have the machines on their 1\Ir. GREENE of 1\Iassachusetts. I want to tell you some hands, and in many cases they have families to support without thing about the conditions. In addition to the rm·al free any means of permanent employment. delivery service at the town of \Vest11ort, we have rural free 1\Ir. McKENZIE. I should like to ask the gentleman a deli\ery service at South Westport. There is also rural free question. deli\ery service at North Westport and other parts of the town Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. I yield. unprovided for. The citizens of the central town of 'Ve tport Mr. McKENZIE. I should like to ask the gentleman whether sent me a number of letters which I filed with the department. or not this change was brought about by the impro>ement of Each one of those letters explained the situation as it really the highways in this district? was. I sent those letter to the department, telling them how Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. The highways in the uis ridiculous it was to change rm·al free-delivery routes without trict which I have the honor to represent have always been an in\estigation. The department told me they had changed good. Some of them possibly are not yet put in the condition them on their route map in the office. They told me that when that they ought to be. Massachusetts is a progressive State, I called at the department in December last. They hall the and we are constantly improving in e\erything that we can. route maps out and showed me. They said, " Here is where But let me tell you straight-and what I tell you is the fact your route goes." I said, "I don't want to be bothered with that the people who live in these country towns, ·who for from anything of that kind. Send a man on to the ground and let 12 to 16 years have had service once a day and have had the him see what is there." Now, let us see what happened after enjoyment of these privileges, feel that they are entitled to wards. I had a number of letters which I filed. They bad no them, and they feel, furthermore, that when they come up more effect than it would have to throw a pail of water out of to the city in which I live and where most of tllem trade and the window. They ne\cr paid any attention at all to tho e let· find that we get four and five deliveries a day, while we do ters. I present here a copy of letter from a gentleman who not pay any more toward the support of the Government pro had established a busines in the town of Westport: portionately than they do, they feel that to deprive them of (John Allen poultry farm. Rhode Island Reds. The best business these rights is an outrage upon them. Furthermore, the breed. Established 1901.) changes that were made took from them the evening paper WESTPORT, Mass., Fe1wuary 2, 1916-8 a. m. that was of as much value to them as the mail. By the change Hon. WILLIA.:\I S. GnEE~E. DEAR Sm : This letter, if placed in my mail box before 11 a. m., they would get the evening paper the next day. One gentleman will be taken to South We tport to " spend the day " and also to was asked if they could not read it then. He replied, "We "spend the night," leaving for New Bedford at 8.30 a. m. to-morrow morning-. farmers work all day, and we could not read it until the next Under the former schedule the letter would leave Westport (fr·om night, and then the day had gone by, the paper was old, and my box) at 2 p. m. same day as mailed and reach New York befot·e It was of no value in a live community. They wanted the daily now leaves Westport. paper that gave them the market reports every night, so that l\lind you, he had to mail his letters three hours earlier than they would be prepared to know what price they should ask under the former schedule in order that the mail might slum for the goods that they send out in the morning mail." ber at South Westport all the afternoon and all night in oruer This change in the district that I represent has so thoroughly that the cairier m1ght take the mail fTom South Westport at demoralized nearly· every· route in the district that nobody gets 8.30 o'clock a. m. the next day. a service that is worth counting as a con>enience at all. Will you please insist that this particular route be at once read :JUr. MOON. I want to ask if the roads in the gentleman's just(:'d o that all patrons may be servecl justly? As it now stnnds part of the route gets cream and over half gets sklm milk. district are of such a character that an automobile could make You1·s, truly, a trip of 35 miles and back and gi\e the service to the people JOHN ALLE~. to which they are entitled? Now, that is the way the routes are generally throughout my Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. Yes; but there are many di trict. Some of them get pretty good service. The people of places in my district that are not so situated that you can do South Westport waked up very quickly, and they found that if that, and there are plenty of places in my district that could they did not bestir themselves they would be ju"t exactly where be reached that are not, although petitions for extensions have the town of We tport now is. And some of the people of the remained many months at the department without any con town of Westport who were at the meeting that night said, "If sideration or report. · they make these changes, we shall be just where South Westport Mr. MOON. You would not object to any rural deli\ery is by the changes the department has already made." . It empha system, however long the route might be, by which your mails sizes the fact that changes can not be properly made without could be delivered and you could have a proper and efficient proper investigation and inspection. service for your people? So thE:re is the situation. Those are the real facts as they Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. No; but we have not the exi t. Sixty-six different box: holders stated that they were service now, and the people are deprived of the good service in the same position as Mr. Allen was. they have long enjoyed by the rash and hasty action of the I sent the letter of 1\lr. John Allen to the depru·tment, nnd here uepartment. . I have the department's reply: Mr. MOON. You would not object if you had it so adjusted? POST OFFICE DEPAllTliENT, FOURTH ASSitlTANT POSTMASTER GE~ERAL, Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. I would want to see what · Washington, Pcbruat·u 7, 191G. the adjustment was before I would think of indorsing it. All lion. WILLUli S. GREENE, this humbug does not amount to anything. House of Rcpt·escntatv,;cs. 1\.Ir. MOON. Is not the trouble about the whole thing largely l\IY DEAR MR. GnEE~E : In reply to your letter of the 4th instant, transmitting a .communication addressed you by 1\Ir. John Allen, of due to the fact that in the readjustment of the service, while it Westport, Mass., protesting against the mail service afforded patrons of may be disturbed temporarily until there can be a full and com former route No. 1 from that office, but now served from South West plete readjustment, there will be a reduction of the number o:r port, and requesting that the situation be remedied, I be~ to state that this matter is to be made the basis of personal investigation by a rcpre carriers. Is not that the trouble? sentati\e of the department. Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts. No; and before I get Sincerely, yours, JAS. I. BLAKSLEE, through I will tell the gentleman something. Fourth Assistant Postmaste1· General. 1\Ir. 1\.IOON. Will the gentleman answer that question? Now, friends say, " that is all right," but the " all right" 1\Ir. GREENE of 1\Ias achusetts. That is not the fact, and part would have been if it had been done before they diu the I will prove it to you in a few moments. damage. These people are suffering now for the lack of a Now, the department without investigation, on the strength proper mail service. The chairman of the committee has of the trouble that these people made in that little Quaker said in his remarks here, "Why are you not patient?" I say, meetinghouse, changed the service to suit those people that com why was not the Post Office Department a little patient, instead I1lnined, but in doing so they overtui·ned all the other routes in of destroying the usefulness of every route in the ill. trict the town. There was the greatest disturbance you ever saw. eight days before we assembled here, and doing that without 1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2475 conferring with me, without conferting with a single patron, I know something about it. The postmaster that I recom without trying to see 'That the effect would be? mended nine years ago will, within a >ery few days, turn the ~1r. McKENZIE. Will the gentleman yield for a question? office ove1· to his Democratic successor, leaving behind him a Mr. GREENE of 1\f.assachusetts. Certainly. record that will compare favorably with any record made by Mr. McKENZIE. I should like to ask the gentleman whether any man in the post office from Maine to California, from New he wants us to understand that the Post Office Department in York to San Francisco. the past, in order to economize in the rural free delivery of His term expired last December, and he has been ready to the GoTernment, bas taken down the map of certain townships retire when his successor is prepared to qualify. I do not find and counties and simply marked out the routes in the office any fault, for I believe in changing these political offices when without sending an inspector out to see what the effect of that we change political parties [applause), and I shall be ready to action would be? make the changes next year, when we get back into power, and Mr. GHEENE of Massachusetts. I will state this: That I will help' to do it if I am alive and have my health. I believe eTery rural free delivery route in my district, and I have been in letting offieials serve until their term is completed. The post a 1\lember of this House for more than 17 years, was estab offices in my district have been absorbed, wiped out; carriers lished by capable inspectors, and in many cases I accom discharged without reason, and the service, according to the tes panied the in pector when the routes w-ere established, and timony given by the parties themselves, and the Rural Free those routes were establi. hed for the purpo e of allowing the Delivery Service is largely good for nothing as at present car people who lived in the~e county tow-ns to have their mail go ried out. out of their to,vn in ea. on to give them the practieal advan I have another letter here from a gentleman which I recei>ed tages of modified city delivery; and now there is no advantage a few days since. He has written me a number of letters, and in tbe propositions to which they have been subjected, because I have filed them with the department, but found that they were the routes lm>e been altered without personal inspection, nor not very effective. He wanted to know what else he could do, has an attempt to provide con>enient mail connections been and I said I did not know. He then asked me if I wanted a pe undertaken. '£hat i ~ the point. The fact is the department tition sent, and I said, "No; there would be no use of a peti bn · not a supply of experienced inspectors to do this work. tion. It would be simply a waste of time." Here is what he Tiler nre now map examiners in the department. They have sent me: disrui._ eel nil of the ex]_)erieneed inspectors they had up in my SOllERSET. MAss. (our real addres§l}. Februat·y 8, 1916. section of the country. Let me giTe you an actual illustration. DEAR CONGRESS~1AN GREE. E : On behalf of the citizens of Som~rset One of the im:pectors tllat lives in my district, who has been I wish to extend hearty thanks fer your kind b~lp in calling attention at Washington to our disturbed mail service. We do and alwa.ys shall ·30 year~ in the service and was a very capable man, was called appreciate your unremitting efforts on our behalf. upon one day by a committee that w-as looking around to find •.ro show that we have by no means given up hope of ha.ving our some lloles w-here tb y could put some new men"in as inspectors. rnral free-delivery route returned to us before long, I am inclosing a. petition signed by 23u patrons of our rural free-delivery route. Will you They called upon him anll aid, "Now, look here, we want you be good enough to band the same to Mr. BURLESO~ and assure him to resign." He said, "What for?" and they said, "You haye that omerset wishes beyond all things to keep its name on the post:1l disobeyed the rules of the department." He asked them in what map of Massachusetts? particular, anu stated that he had been in the service for 30 Very truly, yours, ERNEST COBB, SecrctanJ. years, and was not aware of ha>ing broken any rules. They To-day Somerset is unh.Llown as a postal center. The post said to him that on n certain day he had investigated an office master has had his business taken away from him. The one in Kot·th Dighton. He said, " Yes," that he had; and they then rural free-delivery route has been split up in pieces and passed said that in that investigation of the office there was one letter o>er to two other towns without reason, without excuse, with in the fre~ delivery that had been there longer than the regu out any charge against the rural free-delivery carrier, without lations of the department required and that he failed to report any charge that he has been negligent, but with a spirit which that the letter was in the general delivery. I fail to understand, as I have said very plainly. I do fail to He replied, " I cun explain some of the circumstances in understand how any post-o:ffi.ee department in the civilized regard to that. The North Dighton office hati been broken into country of the United States, made up of men born in the last twiee, and I had been down there to investigate, and when it half century or within the last century, can so distinctly go was broken into the second time I was sent for post haste to into a proposition as to disturb a satisfactory mail route for go down there to see if I could not find some evidence on which what they sa.y is the purpose of saving the palh-y sum of I could trail the robbers that broke into the office and opened $5,000,000. When I was postmaster, and I was postmaster for I - the afe. I went there and went through the office solely for one term and part of another until I was called down here, the purpose of obtaining evidence regarding the robbery, and, as as I ha.ve said, I always found that when the people had the I had other important employment, did not make a special in conveniences they wanted and needed they did not hoy to see spection of the gene1·al delivery that day." They then saiil to whether the Post Office Department was paying or not ; and him that that was a violation of the rules of the department, I think to-day that out of the 100,000,000 people of the country and that he could either tender his resignation or that they there is hardly a man among them who cares whether the Post would recommend his removal for inefficiency. The man said, Office Department pays or does not pay. "I have been in the service. for 30 years, anti I would rather They are very much more concerned in being provided with retain my reputation than to be recorded dismissed, and I will good service, so that in case of emergency, exh·eme sickness, resign anti leave the serviee.'~ Of course that made a place for or death they shall have the opportunity to have a prompt somebody else, just what they were looking for. They had a delivery of letters that they deposit in the post offices of the committee of three, a smelling committee, that came up from country or in street letter boxes in cities or in rural free-delivery Washington to smell around, and they smelled out all of the boxes in the country. post-office inspectors in the State of Massachusetts, competent The people· who have their chosen Representatives in this men, capable of establi. bing rural free delivery routes, capable building do not want their Postal Service hampered by unjust of examining post offices and deciding when improvements interference with their rights and privileges by orders from should be mru:le, and in every way capable for the trnnsaction their official servants who temporarily occupy positions of execu of public busines~. tive authority. The executive departments have their limita The CHAIRUA..~. The time of the gentleman from Massa tions. But they should untierstand they are not the law chusetts has e_--q1ired. making power, but they are to execute the laws created by the Mr. PAIGE of l\Iassachu etts. Mr. Cha:rman, I yielti 10 Congress and approv~d by the President. minutes more to the gentlEOman. '.rhe Post Office Service has grown to wonderful proportions. M:r. GREENE of l\Ias ·aehusetts. I thank tlle gentleman. I It is of immense value. It is more valuable to-day than it ever knew these post-office inspectors ; and I have known them for was, and when the people are deprived of the privileges that year . They were all capable of doing good busin-ess, this man they once enjoyed and that they have especially enjoyed during especially, for he had been efficient in every way. I speak from tbe last 15 or 16 years, when they are ruthlessly deprived and knowledg~. because I w&s the postmaster of my city from wronged in their service, tbey are indignant, and so· indignant 1881 to 1885. My father was the ])Ostmaster from 1875 to 1881, that when they come to vote next November they will not and when hl.s health failed I ·was seleeted ns his successor and blame the Representatives for losing their l'OUtes, because they held the office until 1885; and then. 22 days after Grover realize that my colleagues and myself have-tried to have their CleTeland became President of the United States my term of privileges restored. I will put in the RECORD and now ask per offiee expired and I stepped out-glad to do it. But I came : -ission to extend my remarks in the RECORD by putting in the back again in 1898 as postmaster, and during all that time, the routes that have been changed and the methods of change and post office being right across the street from my o:ffiee, and being the destruction of the carriers. Now, I will bring you a little familiar with all of the men who h~ld the office, I was in and illustration of one of my towns where a carrier was obliged to out there; and I elaim to be' an expert in post-offiee business. give up on aceount of ill health. The department had no sub- 2476 CONGRESSIONAL R-ECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUAUY 1~, stitute in 1ine to put in his !)lace. I sent one carrier who had There is one other important feature in the bill now under been thrown out in the cold by reason of changes in another consideration-H. R. 10484--to which I invite attention, begin part of the district and he was assigned to duty temporarily, but ning with line 10, page 14 of said bill, at the words "And pro his service was continuous. He has performed the work satis vided fut·ther," and continuing on lines 11, 12, 13, and 14 on factorily, but now the department has begun an examination said page 14. There were a number of cases in different parts to fill a vacancy there, notwithstanding this carrier, who had of the United States where the letter carriers ha route 30 or 4() miles long and save the cost of a carrier and do Statement s11ot!Jing by Btate8 e0tensums of rut·az S(Wvice ot·dereiL tronJ a efficient and as good service to the public as heretofore, Mar. 4, 191J, to Nov. 8, 1915--Continued. whether it ought not to be done there, and he was not willing to answe1·. I know there are places where this new service is Office. Route. Old New 'Date put that it ought not to be put in and ought to be taken out, but length. length. efiecU>e. it takes time to do that. Now, I am going to ask unanimous con I I sent to 11lace in the REcon·D- Lancaster ...... 1 24.00 24.40 July 1, 19t4 Do ...... 1 24.40 28.20 Nov. 16,1915 l\lr. DOWELL. \rill the gentleman yield just for one ques- 2 19.50 21.80 Apr. 1,1914 tion? · tr~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 22.40 23.00 May 10,1914 ::ur. l\100X Ye ; I will yield to the gentleman. Ludlow ...... • 2 26.50 26.67 NoY. 16, 1914 :\Ir. DOWELL. Do I understand you to say that these will Marion ...... : ...... 1 25.90 26.275 July 1,1914 Do ...... 1 26.275 27.275 Dec. 1' 1914 be corrected? Do ...... 2 18.40 19.80 Apr. 1,1914 2\fr. MOON. I had read from the Clerk's desk a letter ad Do ...... •...... 2 19.80 20. 80 Dec. 1, 1915 Marlboro ..•...... 2 21.80 26.00 NoY. 16,1915 (1resse :\Ir. WALSH. Will the gentleman yield for just a question? advanced position, I am man enough to do my duty by my Mr. MOON. Yes. people and my country. [Applause.] I stand here as the 1\Ir. WALSH. Will the chairman of the committee admit spokesman and direct agent of 230,000 people in 10 counties of that if there be routes existing now upon which changes have southwest Mississippi. They are as good, as patriotic, as been made it will require the examination by one or more brave and chivalrous as any other people on this globe. They inspectors now, and which were not inspected before the changes have placed me here on the watchtower, and, seeing the danger were made, it would have been better to have sent those in that I am convinced this country is in, I owe it to them, I owe spectors on the ground before the changes were made, in view it to the head of this Nation, I owe it to my own self-respect, of the fact that these routes were established many years ago, as a citizen and as a Congressman, to stand by the program and with whatever systems of highways may have come into at this time, indorsed by a Democratic President, which this being since the establishment of those routes? Congress ought to pass, and which I believe it will pass. Mr. MOON. Of course; that goes without saying. The gentle First, I desire to say in my judgment the metropolitan press man need not ask any such question as that. It is always best of this country has deceived the people. It has tiefamed om· when anything is done that every possible fact be obtained in Navy and our coast defenses. They absolutely made the Ameri advance of its being done, but sometimes economy and some can people believe that we have no way to defend omselves times the interest o( the public requires an action that does against the aggressions of other nations. not enable you to get completely every fact, and it may 'be better I feel it my duty to say what the records show we alreauy to establish the routes and then readjust them than to attempt have in the way of an Army, a Navy, and coast defenses. Gen. to establish them upon all the facts in the beginning and not Nelson A. Miles testified before the Committee on Military review them. A second consideration of a case is always best, Affairs the other day that we have, including the last 17 years, however careful the first one may have been. Most of the 400,000 men with a training of the Regular Army of this Na routes readjusted are now satisfactory without the expense tion; in addition to that another unit of 4DO,OOO men trained attending the inspection. in military arts and science from the agricultural or land-grant Now, my own judgment has been that it is always best to colleges of this Nation; in ad ' Venver. That paper endeavored to. distort what I said in my ing. I want to say to hii:nJ that one of the things is that I have le-tter to my con tituents, and what the true meaning is. by the utmost confidence in Woodrow Wilson as a man. I have the failing to say that Gen. Weaver predicated his statement that utmost faith in him as a gentleman and a patriot, and I have anyone could land upon tbe shores of this Republic upon the all the-confidence in the world in him as a statesman and as fact that the American Navy ·had been destroyed and was out the President of this great Republic. [Applause.] Further of the wny~ Any fool knows that without a Navy soldiers more,. the testimony dnring the past several weeks-which is only could land anywhere where we did not have coast defenses. finished a dall" or so ago-before the Militar-y AffaiTs Committee However, if our Navy is iBtact, as it is now, and our coast by tbe Army experts and othe1·s shows the plain need of the defenses as strong as they are now-the Navy holding the reasonable strengthening of our defenses on land and sea. seas-every person knows no country could land soldiers on I want to say that the head of this Nation, who is charged our shores. Our coast defens.es can prevent them landing in with all responsibility in dealing with foreign nations. states the defended harbors even if we had no Navy. that he has information that has never been submitted to Con Gentlemen, the · American Navy, according to all the evi gress~ He state::; that he has information which leads him to dencE:', evidence wWch I believe, and which every student of the know that thi::-- . ~ation right now is in danger and peril. In subject ought to believe, since the German Navy has lost six other words, he ays- things which warn us that we are sitting of its big vessels in the last 18 months, and many small ones on an irr~rnational volcano, and when he says that, I consider it and submarines. is second· to none on the globe except Great my duty to take cognizance of such a statement coming from Britain. the: President. The gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. MaNDELL] 1\Ir. CALLAWAY. Will the gentleman yield? said that I ::un hanging onto the coat tail of President Wilson. I Mr. QUI ·• Excuse me, I can not yield. wish to say to you, my good Republican friends, that is a 1\lr. CALLAWAY. I want to correct the gentleman's state- mighty good coat tail to hang onto. [Applause on the Demo ment nbout how many vessels Germany has lost. cratic side.] And when that coat wears out, we Democrats Mr. QUIN. I shall be glad to have the gentleman do that. will get him another. [Applause.] And it is evident that our Mr. CALLAWAY. They have lost 84. great President wiH wear out many coats before the American Mr. QUIN. I meant battleships and battle cruisers. people will be willing to relieve him of the noble service he is Mr. CALLAWAY. The gentleman had better revise t11at. rendering them during this period of international crises. They have lost armed cruisers, but not battleships and battle [Loud applause.] cruisers. Their battleships and battle cruisers are all backed · Another reason why I changed my mind and determined to up in the Kiel Canal. stand by President Wilson in his preparedness policy is that Mr. QUIN~ I thank the gentleman for his definite informa when I see Republicans attacking him and his policies and some tion. He is a member of the Naval Affairs Committee and stabbing him in the back, I know it is time for me to get behind knows whereof he speaks. his coat and stand there ready to take a fal1 out of you and all Then, if this Nation has the second Navy in the world, the other enemies of Democracy. [Applause on the Democratic ne\vspapers of this Republic have fooled a great number of side.] people. And as a further proof that we have the second Mr. MONDELL. Will the gentleman yield? Navy in the world, I will incorporate in my remarks a state Mr. QUIN. I yield to the gentleman. ment of the money that has been expended in the last 15 Mr. MONDELL. When did the gentle.man's conversion, like . years by all the nations of the world upon their navies. Great unto tllat of Saul of Tarsus, occur? Britain has spent more money than the United States, but the Mr. QUIN. It occurred, as I have told you, after tbe Presi United States stands away ahead of Gel'Illany, .Japan, Russia, dent informed the counh·y and us through his speeches of the France, Italy, or any other nation in its naval expenditures. great danger that we are in and after further hearings before If our Navy is not second, where bas the- money gone?- our great committee demonstrated conclusively that the Presi Naval approzn:-iations of the. prittcipaf potaers (rom 1900 ta 191~ inclusi1.le. dent is right. Much of the world is at war~ Umlerstand me that I am not for the biggest Navy in the Great Unite1 world, and the President i& not advocating that. Let us- be Britain, StattB, Germany, France; Fiscal year. July 1 to -tr;Ito- Jan:bh fair with him~ 1f~.~r. June:m ch. Decem er. As I tmderstand the President and as I think for myself, I nm ior a Navy Sllffic.ient to protect this country against any probable combination of adversaries who. may, for one reason 1900-1901...... $145,792, 850· $61,721,695 $37,173,07'1 $72", 683, 18;) 1901-2 ...... 150, 569, 190 68,438,301 46,315,800 67,079,011 or another, at any time in the future, bring on war with this 1902-3 ...•••••••••• -· .• - .• "'' 150, 679,321i 82,977,00 48, 818, 700· 59, 2.17, 553 country. I believe in a good, strong Navy-it is our first line 1903-4 ..•.••• ·~· --· ...... , ••• 17:t, 548, 053" 104, 126, 192 50,544,000 59, 740;222 €If defense. It we have a strong Navy no other nation will 1!!04-5 •••••••••••••••••.•••••• 179, 138, 049 116, 655, 826 49,110,300 GO, 178,62J 190.5-6 •.••• ·············-· .,•• , 16f,ll7, 947 109, 725, 059 54,918,000 61,565,779 molest our citizens or their property on the high seas. This lS00-7 ...... 152, 954, 342 98,392,144 68,344-,300 59,514,293 Nation: has grown out of its swaddling clothes. Its prosperity 1S67-8 ...... 151, 880, 617 117,353,474 69,133,500 6(}A6851813 depends very largely upon its foreign commerce. The surplus 1908-9 ••• ••••••••• lli6, 401:, 1G1 120, 421, 579-- 80,737,626 62,194,915 1909-10 ...... ······~····.. 181~ 936, 341 122, 247,365 95,047,820 64,899,68:) cotton of the Soutb and the surplus cattle, corn. and wheat ot 1.910-11 ...... 200, 056, 258 Ill, 791,980 I00,302,m 74, 102,43) the West must be ship"ped and sold abroad in order to produce 1911-12 ...... 211, 596, 295 133, 559, 071 107,178,480 80',371, 10.} 1912-L'l ...... 224,443,2lJ6 129,W,233 109,989,096 81,692,832 a trade balance in fnvol' of this country every year; otherwise 1913-14 ...... _ 237, 530, 459 13&, 858, 301 112, 091, 125 90,164,623 the prices of these raw products wm g6 down till our people . 1914-15...... _ . 260,714,275. 141,872,786 ill, 993, 32)· 123,828, 87-l are in poverty. The people of the South lost several hundred million dollars duting ·1914 because-the outbreak of the Euro pean war r'tlined the price of cotton and its sale· and shipment Russia, I~, Japa;n. Fiscat ~ar. July to TotaL abroad, and right now, if we had' a good enough merchant bS:~~ June-3Q. ~~ marine to: Cftl-ry promptly all our export cotton and enough good battleships to say to. all the world, cotton._ is not contraband, :42,101, 212' $23, 82!t,.2Q6 and never was and never should' be, therefore let our cotton 1001-21900-190[...... -·~·················...... 45,488,462 23, 875,.532 "i:.ii;m;954 · $423," i.W; 250 alene~ cotton would be 5 cents per pound higher tlu:m it now is:. 19()2-3 ••••••• -·-. "'' v. · ··-•• ro,76q,.4fi5 23,522,400 17,654,528 433, 63!1, 623 The eotton farmers of my district are as greatly interested in 1903-4 ...... -·-·--·· 60,01.&,895 23,522,400 17,553, 279· 489,053, 04 'I 1904-5 ...... 68,076,543 24,300,000 10,018,02-t 497,477;365 and will be- as much benefited by a powerful Navy as the sea 1905-6 ...... ·-•••••• ~ ••• 60,228,444 24,494,400 11,378, 202· ~,427,831 coast city people are, and more- so. 1906-7 ...... 60. 7.03,557 25, 865. 66lr 30,072,061 485, 846, 363 And I want to- discuss_ tfifs continental army proposition L()()7-S ••••••••• u .. ······--··· 43,012,166 'Zl,li16,454 35,_l24, 345 504, 706, 37) 1908-9 ...... _,_ 49,682,482 30,453,697 39,347,332' 539,238,793 that you speak of. President Wilson has been fair with the 1909-10 ...... 58,059,040 31,812,885 35,005,719 589, 008, 15:3 Military Affairs Committee. H-e has not for one moment en· l!H0-11 ...... ~··-· 46,52!!, 465 40, 595, 204. 36', 889, 15~ 615; 258,.271 deavored to choke that cemmittee and make it take a conti 1911-12 ...... ·-······· ~.. ·~· 1;6,680, 915 40~780, 987 42,944,329 673, 111, ISr ICJ12-13 ...... 82,019.633 41,893,420 46,510,216 116, 335, 723 nental army nor aDything else. I wish to say that the l\1illtary 1913-14 ...... ll7. 503, 657 49, 550; 147 48,105,152 791, 803, 463 Affairs Committee have been listening all these days to all 1914-15 •••••• , ...... 128, 954, 733 56, 92('. 440J 69..,ll1.65lt 89!i._ 396, 033 this talk from Secretary o:f War Garrison and the staff ofli... eers and Army officers and many others on down to its closing But if we are. in danger, as the. head of this Nation bas said,. session yesterday. do we not owe it to the people to add to and strengthen even. our Further answering- the cynical inquiry a moment ago from Navy? Do we not owe it to the- American Nation to strengthen the gentleman from Wyoming [1\Ir. MoNDELL] as to my €hange our coast defenses in a reasonable way? Do we not owe. it-to the of attitude, I have had Eo- change of attitude on the Army American people to have some kind of eitizen soldiery in this matter. I nev-er did believe fn a great standing Army, and I Republiel The gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. MoNDELI;] so, said, and 1 stick to. it. It is: un,-.Amertcan, undemocratic:. I wanted to know wbat had changed me :!:rom his" way of think- took my political life- in my hand for the sake of convictions 1916. 80NGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2481 in that matrer, and I stated that if the President ·should stand to carry out this program-by income 1lild inheritance taxes for a big continental nrmy I would even fight the President's and other taxes <>n wealth. itl a favoring that, because it would burden the taxpayers, There are men in this country we an know are making tre bring about militarism, and threaten the liberties of the people. mendous profits out of war contracts. I wish to say to the I submit that it now appears I was right, for this day it is gentleman from Texas [Mr. C~wAY], if he will stand by us, evident to all of us that the blg continental-army plan that has we will get it out of the wealth, and through the income tax, been so much talked and written about is as " dead as a door and an inheritance tax, and perhaps a tax upon munitions of nail." I feel I helped to kill it. If the President ever favored war. The Ways :and .Means Committee of this House should it, he no longer does . . You will see, before ou':r Military Com bring in a bill that will force wealth to pay the burden that mittee gets through, it will report a people's bill-one like I preparation carries with it. then and now advocated. So I have not changed so much as I will just say to the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CALLAWAY] others ha,·e. The Secretary of 'Var has resigned because we that the men who have changed from his way of thinking on would not accept his big continental-army plan, and the Presi this business never will change their ideas of raising the money. dent will agree on a compromise to use the National Guards of We are just as true to the men behind the plow and in the the several States as the basis <>f military preparedness. That \\Orksl1ops of the country as before we changed. Every man continental-army plan was the .first step toward compulsory in this House knows there has never been a piece of legislation military senice in this country, and I am glad to hang crepe here affecting the-laboring man and the farmer when I have on the door of its sepulcher. not been on the side of the laboring man and the farmer of We are going to strengthen the AI·my properly, and we are this Republic fighting for their rights, and I am going to stay going to fix a citizen soldiery in this Republic that is going to there as long as I am in Congress, and I am going to stay on be mse, judicious, and economical, both for the present and for the side of the farmer and the laboring people in this Republic the future. Who could object to such a democratic policy? as long as I am able to speak upon this earth. We should and will strengthen our coast defenses, wherever And if the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CALLAWAY] is a true needed, so that our guns from our forts can shoot as far and as friend of the American people and the farmers and the laboring hru·d as any gun can hoot at our forts fr<>m an enemy ship. men, like I am, that is one of the reasons why he still clings to I also think the G<>vernment should build, own, and operate his ideals, but he is likely to wake up and find that he is Inis a sufficient plant, or plants, to manufacture its war materials, taken in his views on preparedness. This Nation should be pre so as to prevent private monopoly from overcharging the Gov pared to defend itself, and when the people know all the facts ernment for whatever materials it may wish or need to buy. they are going to demand this of Congress. Although I know it We are going to build a plant to make nitric acid out of air. will be as hard as pulling eyeteeth for that gentleman to change It is the one thing that must be done. Powder and explosives his set opinion, yet I am satisfied he will finally yield. I know can not be manufactw·ed without this acid. We now get our it make a man who has self-respect for himself struggle to bring supply from Chile. In war we might not ~ave access to that about a change of views. It takes either a big man or a little source. one, whichever you· are minded to call it, to change his opiqlons The nitric acid that goes into commercial fertilizers costs our and convictions on such a serious matter as preparetiness. farmers annually $77,000,000. That acid costs $225 a ton. The [Applause.] The distinguished leader of the Repub-lican Party, expert before our committee demonstrated we can make it out Mr. MANN, of Illinois, changed his views. I have respect for of air at a cost of $50 to $75 a ton. He certified $3,000,000 him as a man and a gentleman and a statesman, although lle is would erect plants to make all powder for the Government in a Republican. He stood as an economist against big navies time of peace; that $40,000,000 would erect plants for powder and armament, and so on. He had sense enough to see the manufacture purposes and for all the commercial fertilizers necessity of reasonable preparedness even before I did. [Ap now used by the farmers ·n this Nation, and that at a saving plause and laughter.] He had sense enough to realize the to the Government and the farmers of 50 per cent. We would dangers that are confronting this country. I admit that I save the farmers $40,000,000 a year on the nitric acid that goes could not see it until all the testimony was taken and the into the fertilizers they buy. Who of yon would dare vote President told us of the great peril, and I do not blame the -against this? gentleman from Texas [Mr. CALLAWAY], but I still have hope It is illltural for me to pay the utmost respect to the views for his conversion and at least that he will finally support the of the President; and if the gent~eman from Wyoming [1\Ir. President. " While the lamp holds out to burn the vilest 1\1oNDEI,L] asked if my Saul of Tarsus conversion came about in sinner may return." that way I desire to say to him that I have stated what changed . I have very definite opinions as to where our future inter my opinion, and the Good Book says that " a wise man changes national danger lies, but as a Member of Congress of a neutral his mind but a fool never." [Laughter.] However, I wish to nation it is not proper to state those opinions; but from \vhat add, some of ow· ablest men ~an not change their minds, as ever quarter danger comes, self-interest and self-respect de well as millions of our intelligent citizens, in favor of pr~ mand that this .rich, free, proud Nation be in . position to pru·edness. Every man has a right to his own opinion. When repel it. we set the sedge field afire the rabbits are going to run out, and I am following that man at the other end of the aYenue, when your Republican convention meets in Chicago and puts the President, who warns us of national danger and of our in its platform a plank indorsing what this Congress had done defense needs; and it is our duty to pay attention to him, and in respect to preparedness, the very things that we are going the Ame~·ican people believe him. to do to defend the country against aggression,. what are you Do not you know if President Wilson were not honest and going to do then? You are going to support it from then on, sincere in what he said in his recent speeches on his tour whether it is the doctrine of Woodrow 'Vilson or the ex-Presi through the Middle West he would be the most despised man dent to whom you referred; -and I wish to say to the gentleman on the face of the earth; that he would be lashed by the cat-o' from Wyoming that another Teason why I am going to stand nine-tails of his conscience through all his wakeful hours [ap by President Wilson is, that I believe the ex-President to whom plause] ; that green-streaked scorpions would sting his soul in his he referred, Mr. Roosevelt, is going to be the nominee of the hours of meditation, the furies of hell would torment him during Republican Pru·ty. I feel that this country is safer in the hands his restless noctw·nal repose? [Applause.] Do you not know a of Mr. Wilson, who we know has done his utmost to keep us man who holds the responsible position of President of th,e out of war. We know that he is a ~ace-loving man, we know United States would not for political ambition or self-ag_zyan that he Q.oes not have the jingo spirit and that he does not want fuement go out to the American people and misrepresent the to run down and invade Mexico. He does not want to run over facts? Do not you know that he is honest and sincere in what and :fly at the throat of some foreign country. That is one he has stated? I know it, and I am going to stand by him reason why I determined to stand by the man whom I believe and help to hold up his hands while he guides our ship of state . and know the Democrats are going to nominate to bear the through troubled and turbulent waters. If he were dishonest standard of our party, and if all of us Democrats will stand and did that for his personal ambition, Judas Iscariot, Alci by him in this crucial hour, and help to hold up his hands, he biades, and Benedict Arnold would be patriots and respectable will be in a position to win next November against your nomi gentlemen as compared to him. Do you not know this, if the Presi nee, who may be a war man. There are several more reasons I dent of this Republic, knowing bow the American people would could give you. regard it, were to deceive them, they believing in his heart, in I believe that the money to pay for this " preparedness " his soul, and intellectual integrity, in every statement that he can be raised in a way that will not hurt the poor people of made on the platforra of this Republic, they would socially this Republic. I am in favor and I believe that it is going to be ostracise him and politically condemn him and personally curse done by this Congress, for there are enough men who are reUI him? He is the chosen representative of all the people. The patriots here who will vote for it, of making the wealth of President has kept us out of war, when a hot-head would have this Republic pay for this extra expense that will be necessary. engulfed us in it. He has kept the -interests of the Nation safe ·- 2482 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE .. FEBRUARY 12, and its honor wifuout a stain. In the presence of such char- this great wealthy class ought to contribute more to the support ncter, learning, goodness, and wisdom party should hide its ugly of the Government. This Congre s owes a higher duty, to see head and faction should disappear, while the broad sentiments that if we put this burden upon the public we should Jay it ou of pm·e Americanism should, and will, envelop him . in its pro- those who are able to pay it and not feel that they have beeu tectiug arms. [Applause.] taxed. Believing in the President's integrity as a citizen and as a If the man who has $50,000,000 income has $10,000,000 taken Presi Mr. WITHERSPOON. Let us see about that now. I do not believe And finally, in this testimony which Admiral Fletcher gave she has, though you know more about it than I do. In this Navy Yearbook, which gives a list of the English battleships, I find that the before the committee a year ago, he said that- last five dreadnaughts that England built or is building are named the England is the only nation on earth that has a navy we could not Royal Sovereign, Royal Oak, Rem.iles, Revolution, and Revenge, each of successfully resist. which has a tonnage of 26,000. Admiral FLETCHER. Yes, sir. In a report made recently, Admiral Fletcher tells us that our Mr. WITHERSPOO . And we have two ships, the Pennsylvania and Navy is 15 per cent stronger now than it was a year ago, and that the No. 39, which have a toanage of 31,400, and then we have author in accuracy of gunfire it has improved 30 per cent in the past year. ized three more that are to have a tonnage, as I understand, of 31,000. The CHAIRMAN. Thirty-two thousand. Testifying last year as to the progress of the Navy, Secretary Mr. WITHERSPOON. Thirty-two thousand tons. In other words, the Daniels said : tonnage of the Pennsylvania and No. 39 is 5,4{)0 tons greater than that The Navy program has been upgrade all the time. The Navy is get of the last five IDngllsh dreadnaughts that are building, and the last ting better every year. The present Congress gave three dreadnaughts three dreadnaughts that we are building have a tonnage of 6,000 tons and we have 7,000 more trained men in the Navy than a year ago (p. greater than the last five English ships. Do you tell me that these 597 of the hearings). IDnglisb ships are equal to ours? Admiral FLETCHER. No; I d1d not say that. Mr. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 minutes to Mr. WITHERSPOON. Do not you regard them as inferior to ours? Admiral FLETCHEB. Yes; as near as we can estimate. the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. G.ARLAND]. Mr. WITHERSPOON. I do too. And the armament of these five ships Mr. GARLAND. Mr. Chairman, I have been in this Congress is eight 15-inch guns, wblle the armament of the five American ships since the day it opened, and only on one occasion before have I I have referred to is twelve 14-inch guns. Which ls the more powerful armament, eight 15-inch guns or twelve 14-inch guns? risen to my feet on this subject. I have noticed the speeches Admiral FLETCHER. I think the twelve 14-inch guns more powerful, made on preparedness on both sides of the House ; but with all but I am not sure this opinion is concurred in by all authorities. the eloquence that has been expended here for the purpose of Mr. WITHERSPOON. Then, understanding your testimony, after re viewing it, do you want us to understand that England is the only buildir.g up an Army and Navy, there has been no plan that nation on earth that bas a navy that we could not successfully resist? would induce men to come forward and join. We must have Admiral FLETCHER. I think that is the fair conclusion; yes, sir; at prepared men if we want to be prepared. the present time. Mr. WITHERSPOON. Well, I wanted to get your views about that, be Mr. Chairman, under date of January 10, 1916, I introduced cause I do not like to bear Americans running around and talking House joint resolution 93, the purpose of which is to authorize about the German Navy being superior to ours. I know it is not so. the appointment of a commission in relation to educational~ Admiral BADGER. You have not heard me say that. Mr. WITHERSPOON. No; and I am glad that is so. I hope you never vocational, and military-naval training: will say it, because there is not any truth in it. Resolved, etc., That a joint commission be constituted to be known Secretary DANIELS. I think when the war is over in Europe the as the joint commission on educational. vocational, and military-naval countries are going to be so exhausted in their resources and are going training, to be composed of three members of the Senate, to be ap to be so burdened with debt that there Is going to be a great revulsion pointed by the Vice President, and three Members of the House of of feeling agatnst war. I think there is going to be such exhaustion Repre entatives, to be appointed by the Speaker. The said joint com and reaction that the people are going to demand the cessation of this mission be, and is hereby, directed, authorized, and empowered to ever-increasing burdensome expense of war. examine, consider, and submit to Congress recommendations upon the following, to wit : On page 572 appears the following report of the Secretary's The need of educational, vocational, and military-naval training in testimony before the committee: the United States. Whether· national grants should be made to the various States to Secretary DANIELs. He [the President) absolutely refuses to lose his stimulate vocational and military-naval training, or whether schools head merely because " some amoni: us are nervous and excited." Even or colleges should bP established under the direct control of the United if the times are internationally out of joint, no occasion bas arisen States and maintained entirely as national institutions. with .us to plunge headlong into any frenzied policy or frantic action. If the said commission shall recommend that schools or colleges shall be established and maintained by the United States, then to recom The new dangers which have arisen because of international mend where not less than 20 such schools or colleges should be placed. complications have made the President realize the necessity for Whether a proportion of such schools should be established on the coasts for educational, vocational, and naval training exclusively. the program of national defense, and he changed his mind to To make recommendations as to the course of instruction in agri· meet these new dangers and conditions. cultural, trade, and industrial subjects as well as in military and naval We have spent $200,000,000 on our coast defenses in recent training to be given in such schools and colleges, and to recommend the minimum age at· which boys shall be admitted to such schools or years, and in a rigid examination, Gen. Weaver, Chief of Coast colleges and the method of selecting the said pupils. Defenses, testified in this hearing a year ago that our fortifica To make recommendations as to the total number of pupils to be tions were ample and the most efficient 1n the world. In sum received annually and to estimate the annual cost of the maintenance of such schools and colleges. ming up his testimony Gen. Weaver says: To make recommendations as to whether pupils who have been I have been a close student of the whole subject, naturally, for a trained in such schools or colleges shall be subject to the call of the number of years. and I know of no fortifications in the world, so far as United States for military or naval services, as the case may be, and my reading, observations, and knowledge goes, that compare favorably In the number of years during which this condition of service shall prevall efficiency with ours (p. 77, hearings before the Fortifications Subcom and whether such puptls shall durin~ such period, when they are so mittee of tbe Appropriations Committee). subject to call for service, serve a limited time each year to perfect their mllltary or naval training. · Within the past few weeks Gen. Weaver has reiterated his To make all other recommendations pertaining to the subject matter testimony given a year ago. · which aid in rendering more efficient a system under the control of the United States GovernmPnt for educating boys while at the same time Gen. Nelson A. Miles, in a statement the other day, testified to preparin"' them for milltary or naval service. To report as to whether the strength and efficiency of our coast fortifications. He said: such tralning shall be free of all cost to the said pupils and whether any monetary compensation shall be given the said pupils in the event Having had much to do with placing and construction of our fortifi of their being called for annual training after graduating from the cations and inspecting every one aJong the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf Raid school or college. coasts, as welJ as having had an opportunity· of seeing aJl the great The said commission shall report their finding to Congress on or armies of·the world and many of their strongest fortifications, including before October 1, 1916, together with a bill emborlying their recommenda the Dardanelles, I am prepared to say that our coasts are as well de tions and establishing such educational, vocational, and mllttary-naval fended as the coasts of any country with the same class of high-power training schools or C'olleges. The sum of $10,000 is hereby appropriated, guns and heavy projectiles, and I have no sympathy for the misrepre the same to be lmmediatE"ly available out of any funds in the Treasury sentations that have been made in the effort to mislead the publlc. not otherwise appropriated, to defray all necessary expenses of said Our Nation Is composed of sovereign citizens who appreciate their inde joint commission, payment of said expenses to be made upon vouchers pendence and realize the difi'erence between their condition and that of approved by the chairman of said joint commission, who shall be the millions of men now mere subjects of some despotism and used as selected by the commission. food for powder. · The investigations suggested in the resolution are for the It has been said by the critics of our naval strength that our purpose of submitting to Congress a bill involving a compre Navy lacks auxiliary vessels. Admiral Blue, Chief of the Bu hensive plan to establish camps or barracks on land now owned reau of Navigation, in his testimony a year ago said: or that may be purchased by the Government, and with suitable I believe I am correct in stating that we have now more auxiliary vessels in the Navy than any otber nation maintains In times of peace buildings thereon to conduct schools for vocational training, (p. 40, bearings before House Naval Affairs Committee). including agricultural pursuits, mechanical trades, erection of Another criticism of the Navy, which lias appeared 1n all the houses, and so forth; the manufacturing of arms, ammunitions, eastern papers and many elsewhere, is that our Navy is deficient building of Ships, and manufacturing or assembling of all parts in submarine strength. Admiral Fletcher, commander of our thereto ; in fact, teaching knowledge of all things and equip fleet, testified before the House Naval Affairs Committee, and ment that may enter into the art of medern warfare on or under as to submarines he said : land and sea. When a plan for the establishment of such camps or barracks I should think it would be reasonable precaution to provide a few more submarines, considering our extensive coast line tn th-e Atlantic with schools for said purposes ha.c:; been decided on, applications and in the Pacific. Yet 1 will say that compared to other nations, we to enter such schools may be received from young men between are well provided with submarines to-day (p. 520). the ages of 17 and 21 years to enter for a period of three_years In a further statement the admiral said : for vocational training, with such educational tl·aining as may I think a reasonable increase of submarines, 8 or 10, or something in be found necessary, together with such military training and that vicinity, would be a proper increase. naval training as may be necessary to fit and equip them for I would say in an emergency some vessels are ready to-day ; some would be ready to-morrow; but I would say that all of them could be first-line war service against any foreign nation that may ready within a week (p. 561 of the bearings). attempt to invade our shores or possessions or to destroy our ~484 COXGR . ESSIO~ .A.L RECORD-ROUSE.- FEERUAR.Y ·12, rights pri\ileges, or commerce at sea. That such application a chance to live as other men li\e when not engaged in pro may pt·oyide that tile applicant may not be permitted to engage tecting us from foreign world powers. in ca ·e of war until he has attained the age of 18 years. Further. 'l'hat a wondrous le son is at thi moment being taught in the that nfter the matriculation period the npplicant shall recei\e present European war of the advantage of \OCationnl tl'aining a certificate stating the different trades or vocations he wns em and soldiering combineu oYet· soltlicring a}one, can not ue de ployetl at during tuition and marks showing proficiency therein. nied, but at this time I will not go further in that, but data, The nppllcation may further provide that the applicant will for proof, and reason are at hand to furtb"'er support the whole idea the period of four years after the matriculation period be m·ail sugge ted and will be given before the committee when oppor able to and will hasten to the call of the United States Govern tunity occUI·s, and will in any event be placed in the RECORD at ment \-rherever he may be should any foreign nation or nations n future time if permitted. [Applause.] attempt to invade our sllores or possessions or destroy our Mr. 1UOON. 1Ur. Chairman, I yield five minute to the gen rights, pri\ileges, or commerce at sea. tleman from California [ fl'. KETT _ ""~'T.) . 'l'lli plan shoulu provide for the payment of wages to the ap l\Ir. KETTNER. l\lr. Chairman, there have been several. Dlicaut during the period of education for the number of hours bills introduced at this session of Congress with a view to cre employed, at no less compensation than is paid for like service ating a tariff commission. As a _ TJ1e CHAIRliAJ'". The time of the gentleman ha expired. some progress, but nothing hns been done to restore the sen·ice l\Ir. 1.\JOON. 1\Ir. Chairman, I yield five minutes to the gen yet. tleman from Indiana [Mr. GRAY]. Mr. STEEl~ERSON. It seems to me it involves a great waste Mr. GRAY of Indiana. l\lr. Chairman, I only "\\·ant to ask of public money. leaYe to extend ruy remarks in the RECORD, in order to insert Mr. PLATT. ProbaiJly it does. At the time the ferry service certain letters aml communications with regard to eertain auto was discontinued there was not a great deal of mail to cross the mobile routes, and to pay my special respect to this system, river, but since the parcel post was put in there llas been a under the five-minute rule. good deal of increase in the mail, and there always was as much The CHAIRl\lAN. The gentleman from Intliana [l\Ir. GRAY] 'mail as goes out on an ordinary rural delivery route, and prob· ask:-; unanimous consent to extend hi remark in the RECORD. ably more. Besides that, the villages on the west side of the Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. river, as well as the city of Poughkeepsie, have grown. It is JHr. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 minutes to the time, in my judgment, that that very curious situation should gentleman from New York [l\lr. PLA'IT]. be remedied, as complaints are becoming more and more fre· l\l1·. PLATT. l\Ir. Chairman, I llave studied Rection 17. of quent. the l:'ost Office appropriation bill witll some care in order to l\Ir. STEE~bUSON. Has the gentleman any suggestion for try to find out whether it is fair to the small railroads, the legislation or is that an administmtive matter purely? trolley roads, and the ferryboats that carry the mail. They 1\fr. PLATT. No; I have no present suggestion to make. I are not well treated tmder present arrangements, ami I can have only made complaint a others have done. Possibly I may not quite _make out whether this bill giye~ tllem any better find some place for a suggestion as to legislation when we come treatment or not. Tllere llas been in a ~reat many places a to the LIII--157 2486 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12, The OHAIRMAN~ The gentleman from New York [Mr. more quickly than they .can equip them. ·For that reason it PLATT] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the seems to me that .some -of the gentlemen who are talking of REOOBD. Is there objection? and looking only to a large Army and a large number of men There was no objection. ought to see to it that we have ample equipment for them. Mr. STEENERSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman We are the inventors of the aeroplane. Is it possible that we from Michigan {Mr. SMITH]. have 'Only 20 that are fit for service to-day? We are the in Mr. TAGGART. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman wait for ventors of the submarine. .Is it possible that we had only l just .a moment? out of 29 that could dive in the naval evolutions at Norfolk Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Certainly. last year? I believe in reasonable prepru.·ation and equipment Mr. MOON. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from for the Army and Navy; then when danger comes we will have lransaR . something to do with. [Applause.] Mr. TAGGART. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to ABRAHAM LINCOLN. insert my remarks in the REconD on the occasion of the birthday of Abraham Lincoln, and referring to some of the men who But, Mr. Chairman, it was my pm·pose in arising to speak serv-ed under him. briefly. of our beloved martyred President, Abraham Lincoln, compatriot of Washington; the one the father and the other The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Jrunsas I:Mr. TAG the savior of his country. The spirit of the present times GART] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the REcoRD touching Abraham Lincoln. Is there -objection? brings their memory strongly in the lig'ht of to-day. Illustrious There was no objecti-on. in arms, both unfaltering patriots and peerless statesmen, but, Mr. .STEENERSON. M£. Chairman, .I yield five minutes to o•er and above all, they were true Americans. Each piloted the gentleman from 1\!i-chigan. his country through a storm which lasted through dreary yeur.s The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Michigan {Mr. and left us a heritage for which they pledged their lives ; and SMITH] is recognized for five minutes. to-day we are brought to a realization, as never before, of the l'r:fr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, I would like also to legacy and inheritance bequeathed to us and to our children. have the privilege of extending my remarks and making some Each was at once the right one to guide the destiny of the observations on the natal day of President Lincoln. Nation. Each left the structure of our liberty and the founda The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Michigan asks unan tions of -our institutions more secure and more firmly -esta'b imous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD on the sub lished. Being 7 years of age when the bugle sounded for the ject of Lincoln's birthday Is ·there -objection? conflict, it was not my privilege to have ever seen the supreme There was no objection. Lincoln, but the esteem and love in which th-e brave boys who l't1r. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of fought the great battles of that momentous war hold him leave the House, I have listened with much interest this afternoon no shadow on his greatness. They hold his every act in greatest to the explanation that has been made of the Post Office ap reverence and admiration and cherish it as a priceless boon to propriation bill, now under consideration, and I have been have been in his presence. His acts were ·au founded on high very much gratified to learn the acknowledgment made by the principles of religion and statesmanship, and yet he loved most chairman, Mr. MooN, that the changes hP.retofore made of the of all to be styled one of the plain peopl-e. He was most forgiv rural routes were not proper; and that the committee has re ing, gentle, and tender-hearted. He builded his future greatness ported an extra increase in the appropriation beyond that which upon the great truth uttered centuries before, that ''-' a house was asked for by the Post Office Department of $4.500,000 for divided among itself can not stand." He started in life in the purpose of again readjusting this highly appreciated ·service the frontier. He was captain of a company in the Black Hawk War in 1832, at the age of 23, and began a military career. He and correcting the mistakes made. The report shows that there was postmaster of his home town of Salem. He served for f om· are 43 800 rural routes in the United States; that a total $316.364,879 terms as member of the State legislature; be served one term .approprlation of for the Postal Service for the as a Member of Congress, from 1837 to 1839 ; and during all fiscal year 1917 is asked for, as against $313,3~667 for the last these yeru.·s, it is stated, he devoted himself assiduously t o :the appropriation; that the sum asked by the department .to carry study of books of learning. He was most fruniliar with the -on the rural service is $48,500,000, but that the committee has Bible, and his afterlife showed him to be well educated. He ask-ed that this amount be increased to $53,000,000. I hope the was proud of being termed one of the :common people. In one amount asked for by the committee will be allowed and the of his speeches in Ohio, in 1859, it is recorded of him that he extra amount will permit the rural routes to be again restored stated, " I am most happy that the plain people "understand to those deprived o:f them. and appreciate this." Time does not permit me to even allude I have received a great many complaints, but it would do no O'ood fo,r me to go into a history of them. In fact, I could not to many of his wise sayings, but allow me to quote these fn the very brief time allotted to me. But I will say that when few: the changes were made they were made up without the knowl A private soldier has as much right to justice as a major ·general ed LEAYE OF ABSE~CE. l\Ir. ESCH, from the Committee on Inter tate and Foreign By unanimou. consent, leaYe of ab ence was granted to l\lr. Commerce, to which was referred the bill (H. R. 102-38) grant KE.lllXS for 10 days, on account of busine. s of the House. ing the consent of Congress to Interstate Bridge Co. to con struct a bridge across l\Iississippi River, reported the arne with SE~ATE BILL BEFEIU'.ED. amendment, accompanied by a revort (No. 180), \Yhich said bill Under clause 2 of Itule XXIV, Senate bill of t1le following and report were referred to the Hou ·e Calendar. title was taken from the Speaker's table and referrep to its l\Ir. HUGHES, from the Committee on Education, to which appropriate committee, as indica ted below: was referred the bill (H. It. 11250) to provide for the promo- S. 3391. An act to amend an act entitled "An act for the relief tion of vocational education; to pro-vide for cooperation with of Indians occupying railroad lands in .A.i·izona, New 1\Ie::tico, or the States in the promotion of such education in agriculture, the California," UV11roYec1 1\Iarch 4, 1913; to the Committee on tr.ades, industrie , and home economics; to provide for coopera Indian Affairs. tion with the Stntes in the preparation of teacher of >ocational EXP.OLLED .JOE'\'1' RESOLUTIOXS AND BILLS PRESENTED TO TilE Pr.ESI subjects; and to authorize the nppropriation of money and to DE~T FOR HIS APPROVAL. regulate its expenditure, reported the same without amend~ ment, accompanied. by a report (No. 181), which said bill and l\lr. LAZARO, ft·om the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported report 'i\ere referred to the Committee of the Whole House on tllat this day they had presented to the President of the United tlle tate of the Union. States, for hi appro>al, the follO\Ying joint resolutions and 1\lr. KENT from the Committee on the Public Lands, to bills: which was referre By 1\fr. CARAWAY: A bill (H. R.11414) authorizing a sur By Mr. HADLEY: A bill (H. R. 11437) granting a pension to . vey of Cache River from its mouth to Algoa, in Jackson County, W. W. Batterton; to the Committee on ,Invalid Pensions. Ark.; to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. By Mr. HOLLAND: A bill (H. R. 11438) for the r elief of By 1\fr. SEAUS: ·A bill (H. R. 11415) providing for a site and George W. Wood, late a commander in the United States NavY; public building for a post office at Fort Pierce, St. Lucie to the Committee on Naval Affairs. County, Fla.; to the Committee on Public Buildings and Also, a bill (H. R. 11439) for the relief of George T. Easton; Grounds. to the Committee on Claims. By ?\lr. DUPRE: A bill (H. R. 11416) to repeal an act ap By Mr. HUDDLESTON: A bill (H. R. 11440) granting an proved March 2, 1895, entitled "An act to amend section 3 of increase of pension to Alice V. Barber; to the Committee Oil an act entitled 'An act to regulate the liens of judgments and Invalid Pensions. · decrees of the courts of the United States,' approved August 1, By Mr. HULBERT: A bill (H. R.l1441) granting an increase 1888,"; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of pension to Joseph D. Donellen ; to the Committee on Pensions. By l\lr. RANDALL (by request) : A bill (H. R. 11417) to Also, a bill (H. R. 11442) to award a medal of honor to Joseph clothe all forms of money issued by and under the authority of D. Donellen; to the Committee on :Military Affairs. Congress with power, by law, to pay debts, both public and By Mr. JACOWAY: A bill (H. R. 11443) for the relief of private, and to strengthen the public credit; to the Committee James A. Frey; to the Committee on 'Var Claims. on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. Also, a bill (H. R. 11444) for the relief of e tate of George Also, a bill (H. R. 11418) providing that post-office laborers Byerly, deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. shall be placed in the classified civil service; to the Committee By 1\fr. JONES: A bill (H. R. 11445) for the relief of the estate on the Post Office and Post Roads. of C. R. Mason ; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. GANDY: A bill (H. R. 11419) providing for the de By 1\fr. KAHN: A bill (H. R. 11446) grantilig an increase of positing of tribal or trust f-unds of Indians, and for other pur pension to Maria L. Dougherty ; to the Committee on Pensions. pose ; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. By Mr. KENT: A bill (H. Rv 11447) granting a pension to By .Mr. CARY : A bill (H. R. 11420) to improve the birthplace Semantha Williams ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of Gen. George Washington ; to the Committee on Appropriations. By Mr. McARTHUR: A bill (H. R. 11448) granting an in By Mr. BUCHANAN of Texas: A bill (H. R. 11421) pro crease.of pension to Harry L. Wilson; to the Committee on Pen viding for the erection of a public building at Taylor, Tex.; sions. ·to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Also, a bill (H. R. 11449) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 11422) providing for the erection of a Emmet D. Cosper ; to the Committee on Pension . public building at Georgetown, in the State of Texas; to the By Mr. COOPER of West Virginia (for Mr. Moss of West Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Virginia) : A bill (H. R. 11450) granting an increase of pension By Mr. BARNHART (by request) : A bill (H. R. 11423) to to Sarah E. Pratt; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. amend section 8 of an act entitled "An act for preventing the By Mr. MURRAY: A bill (H. R. 11451) granting a pension to manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or mis Wiley A. Cadenhead; to the Committee on Pensions. branded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and By Mr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 11452) granting an increase liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other pur of pension to Joseph L. Hall; to the Committee on Pensions. poses," approved June 30, 1906; to the Committee on Interstate Also, a bill (H. R. 11453) granting a pension to Leslie G. Phll and Foreign Commerce. · · lips; to the Committee on Pensions. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 11424) for the relie.f of cer By Mr. OVERMYER: A bill (H. R. 11454) for the relief of tain legislative employees of the Government; to the Commit Marcus Billstine; to the Committee on Military Affairs. tee on Reform in the Civil Service. Also, a bill (H. R. 11455) granting a pension to George M. By Mr. .CARY: A bill (H. R. 11425) to amend section 675 of Federkiel ; to the Committee on Pensions. the Code of Law for the District of Columbia; to the Commit Also, a bill (H. R. 11456) granting an increase of pension to tee on the District ot Columbia. l\fichael Moore ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By 1\fr. SHERWOOD: A bill (H. R. 11426) to provide for a Al o, a bill (H. R. 11457) granting an increase of pension site and public building at Port Clinton, Ohio; to the Commit to John Ginther; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. - tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Also, a bill (H. R. 11458) granting a pension to Lovina Bliss ; By Mr. HAY: Resolution (H. Res. 138) providing for the to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. indexing of certain hearings had before the Committee on Mili By Mr. RUSSELL of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 11459) granting tary Affairs ; to the Committee on Accounts. an increase of pension to Nathaniel Gott; to the Committee 01i. By Mr. SMITH of New York: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. Invalid Pensions. 150) requesting the President to issue a proclamation for the By Mr. sHERWOOD: A bill (H. R. 11460) granting an in observance of February 29 as Prosperity Day ; to the Committee crease of pension to Peter H. Baker ; to the Cbmmittee on In on the Judiciary. valid Pensions. By Mr. SIMS: A bill (H. R. 11461) granting a pension to PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. David W. Graves; to the Committee on Pensions. Under clnuse 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions By Mr. STEELE of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 11462) granting an were introduced and severally referred as follows: increase of pension to John W. Adair; to the Committee on By 1\fr .. BOOHER: A bill (H. R. U427) granting an increase Invalid Pensions. of pension to William A. Rappelye; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 11463) granting an increase of pension to By 1\Ir. BROWN of West Virginia: A bill (H. R. 11428) Benjamin F. Lowerre; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. granting an increase of pension to Helen B. Harrison; to the By Mr. SULLOWAY: A bill (H. R. 11464) granting an in Committee on Invalid Pensions. . crease of pension to John Miller ;.. to the Committee on Invalld By .Mr. CANTRILL: A bill (H. R. 11429) granting an in Pensions. crease of pension to Mrs. Lucien Young; to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 11465) granting an increase of pension to Pensions. Mary D. Perkins; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. .Also, a bill (H. R. 11430) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 11466) granting an increase of pension to Elizabeth Black; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Laura A. Baker ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. CARY: A bill (H. R. 11431) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 11467) granting an increase of pension to Edward J. Gleason; to the Committee on Pensions. Elsie IDll; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. COPLEY: A bill (H. R. 11432) granting an increase Also, a bill (H. R. 11468) granting an increase of pension to of pension to Alonzo Ackerman ; to the ·Committee on Invalid Albert Young; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Pensions. By Mr. WHEELER: A bill (H. R. 11469) granting an increase By 1\fr. CHOSSElR: A bill (H. R. 11433) granting an in of pension to Sargeant B. Crawford; to the Committee on In crease of pen ion to A. H. Bash; to the Committee on Invalid valid Pensions. Pensiol18. By 1\fr. CULLOP: A bill (H. R. 11434) granting an increase of pension to Emry Harrison; to the Committee on Pensions. PETITIONS, ETC. By Mr. DENT: A bill (H. R. 11435) for the relief of the Under clause 1 of Rule :xxn, petitions and papers were laid heirs of H. Wilkins and R. B. Owens; to the Committee on on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows : Claims. By the SPEAKER (by request): Petition of Camp 770, Unite(! By' .Mr. FOCHT: A bill (H. R. 11436) granting a pension to Confederate Veterans,. urging passage of House bill 478; to the Sarah E. Hood; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on Pensions. 1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2489 Also (by request), memorial of St. Louis Branch of the Na Interstate Commerce Commission ; to the Committee on the tional Security League for preparedness; to the Committee on Post Office and Post Roads. Military Affairs. By :Mr. FESS: Petitions of 17 citizens of New Jasper Township, Also (by request), petition of citizens of New Florence, Mo., Greene County ; 25 citizens of Wilmington; 23 citizens of Spring for national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. field ; the members of the First Baptist Church of Washington By 1\lr. ADAMSON: Petition of citizens of Senoia, Ga., fm· na Court House; the Men's Bible Class of Carlisle; the Sunday tional constitutional prohibition amendment; to the Committee School of the Calvary Lutheran Church, of Springfield; Metho on the Judidary. · dist Episcopal Church of New Jasper; Trinity Methodist Epis By 1\lr. ASHBROOK: Petitions of Rev. 1\L B. Mead and 26 copal Church, of Xenia; 17 citizens of Green Township, Clinton others, of Roscoe ; also Rev. Theodore 1\1. Hofmeister and others, County ; the official board of the 1\Ieth<>dist Episcopal Church of of Coshocton; also Rev. A. 1\Ielville Thompson, of Reform Pres New Vienna; congregation of the 1\fethodist Episcopal Church bytf'rian Church of Utica; also Rev. A. A. Rolo and 34 others, of of Osborn; 300 members of the congregation of the Second United Shiloh, all in the State of Ohio, in fa\or of House joint resolu Presbyterian Church of Xenia ; members of the New Antioch tions 84 and 85; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Church of Christ, of Clinton County ; membeTs of the Christian By 1\lr. BRUMBAUGH: Papers to accompany House bill EndeaYor of the United Presbyterian Church of Clifton; 23 citi 10595, for relief of Frank Watzek; to the Committee on Pen zens of New Vlenna; the Chester Church, of Wilmington, ali in sions. the State of Ohio, for the passage of the Webb-Smith national Also, papers to accompany House bill 11271, for relief of prohibition resolution (H. J. Res. 84 and H. J. Res. 85), propos· Thomas Outcalt; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ing an amendment to the Con titution of the United States pro Also, papers to accompany House bill 11272, for relief of Wil hibiting the beyerage traffic in intoxicating liquors; to the Com- liam H. Zombro ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on the Judiciary. · By Mr. BUnKE: Petition of Badger Tanning Co., of Sheboy By Mr. FLYNN: Memorial of Short Line Railroad· Associa gan, Wis., for House bill 702, the dyestuffs bill ; to the Commit tion of New York, protesting against section 17 of tlie Post tee on Ways and Means. Office appropriation bill; to the Committee on the Post Office Also, petition of 25 citizens of Palmyra, Jefferson County, and Post Roads. Wis., asking for the passage of a national constitutional prohibi- Also, memorial of Railway Business Association in annual tion amendment; to the Committee on the Judiciary. meeting assembled at New York; to the Committee on Inter- Also, communication of Branch 9, Local Union No. 89, United state and Foreign Commerce. Brewery Workmen, of Lomira, Dodge County, Wis., protesting Also, petition of H. S. Kendall, of Flushing, N. Y., in favor against the passage of a constitutional amendment for nation- of House bill 9814; to the Committee on the Public Lands. wide prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, memorial of National Woman's Christian Temperance Also, communication from Local Union No. 332 of United Union, favoring bill for relief of the contributors to the Ellen Brewery Workmen, ot Watertown, Wis., protesting against the M. Stone ransom fund; to the Committee on Claims. passage of a constitutional amendment providing for national By Mr. FOCHT: Papers to accompany House bill 9272, for prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. relief of Levi R. Miller ; to· the Committee on Invalid Pen- Also. petition of Wisconsin ChaiJ.· Co., of Port Washington, sions. Wis., and Barth Bros.' Manufacturing Co., of Port Washington, By Mr. FOSS: :Memorial of five State normal schools of Wis., for passage of House bill 70~, the dyestuffs bill; to the Illinois, favoring House bill 547, the Smith-Hughes bill, for Committee on Ways and Means. national aid to vocational education; to the Committee on Edu· By Mr. COOPER of Ohio: Petition for a Christian nmend- cation. ment to the Constitution of the United States; to the Collllllittee Also, petition ot sundry voters of Chicago, Ill., for national on the Judiciary. prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, petitions of the Baptist Men's Class of Conneaut, Ohio, By 1\I.r. FOSTER: Petition of Mount Vernon Public Library, and sund1·y cttizens of Hubbard, Ohio, for national prohibition; against House bill 4715; to the Committee on Interstate and to the Committee on the Judiciary. · Foreign Commerce. By 1\Ir. DALE of New York: Petition of Retail Liquor Dealers' By Mr. GRAY of Indiana: Petition by sundry dtizens of As ·ociation, against p1·ohibition in the District of Columbia; to the sixth congressional district of Indiana, favoring a tax on the Committee on the District of Columbia. persons, firms, and corporations doing an interstate mail-order A1so, memorial of the International Union of the United . business; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Brewery Workmen of America, and Local Union No. 345, of By Mr. GRIEST: Memorial of Synod of Pennsylvania of Brooklyn, N. Y., numbering 650 members, against national pro- the Presbyterian Church, for preparedness for defense but not hibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. for aggression; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Al o, memorial of Short Line Railroad Association, of New Also, memorial of Thomas H. Burrowes Council, No. 784, York, protesting against section 17 of the Post Office appro- Fraternal Patriotic Americans, Lancaster, Pa., favoring immi· priation bill; to the Committee on the Post Office and Po.st gration bill H. R. 10384 and preparedness; to the Committee Roads. on Immigration and Naturalization. Also, petition of Penn Mutual Life Insurance Co., of Philadel- By Mr. HAl\liLTON of New York: Petition of sundry citizens pllia, in favor of House bill 9320; to the Committee on the Judi- of Wellsville, N. Y., favoring Federal consorship of picture ciary. films ; to the Committee on Education. Also, petition of Julius Wile, Sons & Co., of Ne...~ York, pro- Also, petition of sundry citizens of Ellington, N. Y., for na- testing against prohibition in the District of Columbia; to the tional prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on the District of Columbia. By 1\fr. HA.l\.lLIN: Papers to accompany House bill 7106, for Also, memorial of Local Union No. 69, Inte;·national Union relief ofT. P. Gold; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. af United Brewery Workmen of America, of Brookiyn, N. Y., Also, papers to accompany House bill 4273, for relief of James numbering 590 members, against national prohibition; to the M. Lineback; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. ~:IILL: Petition of Charles H. Kempfer Co., and the Also, petition of Local Union No. 24, International Union of Westport Paper Co.; the Adair Co., of Chicago, Ill.; the Ameri· the United Brewery Workmen of America, numbering 750 mem- can Hardware Corporation, New Britain, Conn.; W. C. Shn.ir· bers, against national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judi- wall & Co., Cambridge, 1\1ass.; W. H. T. Hunter Co., of Boston, ciars. 1\Ias . ; and R. Guin & Sons Co., of Sidney, Ohi{), favoring House By 1\-fr. EMERSON: Petition of Detroit Avenue l\Iethodist bill 70~. the dyestuffs bill; to the Committee on 'Vays and Episcopal Sunday School, of Lakewood, Ohio, for national pro- Means. hibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also (by request), protest of D.P. Palmed{), Bridgeport, Conn., By Mr. ESCH: Protest of Local Union No. 81, United Brewery and G. B. Fayette, against sundry House joint resolutions ; to 'Vorkmen, of La Crosse, Wis., against national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, memorial of 1\linistei"S' A soeiation of Danbury, Conn., Al ·o, memorial of Milwaukee Association of Credit 1\Ien, of with referen,ce to noncontributory retirement bill for Govern· 1\Illw.aukee, \Vis., in fayor of l"E:'pealing the national bankruptcy ment employees; to the Committee on Labor. law; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. HOLLINGSWORTH: Petition of Rev. John Todd and Also~ petition of La Cros e Knitting Works, of La Cros e, Wis., Presbyterian Church of Homeworth, Columbiana, Ollio, for na· in favor of House bill 702, the dyestuffs bill; to the Committee tional prohibition; to th~ Committee on the Judiciary. on \Vays and Means. Also, petition of Flushing Grange, No. 1934, Patrons of Bus- Also, memorial of New Orlenns Associ.ation of Commerce, I bandry of Ohio, against war preparedness; to the Committee on favoring submitting the question of railway mail pay to the Military Affairs. 2490 CONGRESSION L RECORD-_HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12, Also, petitions of Rev. Harry H. Stewart and 68 citizens of By Mr. MAGEE: Petition of Cortland Specialty Co., of Cort· Amsterdam ; members of Community Church and Sunday School, land, N. Y., in re dyestuff protection; to the Committee on Ways Steubenville; Rev. E. S. Bowers and 51 legal voters of Brilliant, and Means. all in the State of Ohio, for national prohibition ; to the Com By Mr. MANN: Petition of Alston Lucas Paint Co., Chicago, mittee on the Judiciary. Ill., favoring House bill 702; to the Committee on Ways and Also, petition of Chamber of Commerce of Steubenyille, Ohio, Means. in favor of such measures of preparedness as may be approved By l\Ir. l\fOORE .of Pennsylvania: Petition of H. Swoboda & by Army and na"Val officials ; to the Committee on Military Son (Inc.), of Philadelphia, Pa., in favor of House bill 70~. the Affairs. dyestuffs bill; to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. KEJ.~NEDY of Rho .A.l ·o, papers to accompany Hou e bill 902"5, for relie-f of He also presented a petition adopted at a union conference Richard Harris; to the Committee on Pensions. of the Yonng People's Societies of Christian Endeavor of Wash By Mr. STINESS: Petition of Davisville (R. I.) Woolen Co., ington, D. C., praying for Federal censor hip of motion pictures, faT"oring House bill 702, the dyestuffs bill ; to the Committee on which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. Ways and Means. He also presented a memorial of the Eagles Club of Washing Also, petition of Providence Branch Railway Mail Associa ton, D. C., remonstrating against prohibition in the District of tion, favoring sundry bills in the interest of Postal Service em Columbia, which was ordered to lie on the table. ployees; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. He also presented resolutions of the New Jersey State Society, Also, memorial ot Rhode Island Pharmaceutical Association, of Washington, -D. C., pledging support to the P1·esident of thP. favoring the so-called Stevens- standard-price bill; to the Com United States in his effort to safeguard the country by prepared mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ness, which were referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, petition of Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Mr. GRONNA. I present a memorial signed very numerously Rhode Island, for preparedness ; to the Committee on Military b-y citizens of my home town, Lakota, N. Dak., protesting Affairs. against any increase. in the Army and Navy. I ask that the Also, petition of Hope Connell, Junior Order United ~e1:ican memorial be printed in the RECoRD, together with the name Mechanics, of Westerly, R. I.~ favoring the Burnett rmrmgra of the first signer, and that it be referred to the Committee on tlon bill; to the Committee on Immig1·ation and Naturaliza,. 1\filitary Affairs. tion. There being no objection, the memorial was referred to the Also, petition of Beacon Oyster Co., of Westerly, R. I., favor Committee on 1\Iilitary Affairs and ordered to be printed in the ing appropriation for scientific inquiries into the propagation RECoRD, as follows : of oysters; to the Committee on Appropriations. LAKOTA, N. DAK. To the Hon. A. J. GRONNA, Al o, petition of C. Rhodes, of Providence, R. I., favoring United Statu Senate, Washington, D. a.: Hou e bill 15, giving indefinite leave of ab ence to superannu We the undersigned citizens or Nelson County, N. Dak., do oppose any ated employees of the Postal Service ; to the Committee on the increase in the appropriations or expenditures for the Army and Navy Post Office and Post Roads. of the United States and respectfully petition that you will usc all energy within your power in Q'Pposition thereto. By Mr. TEMPLE: Petition of R. E. Porter, Robert Hamill, FnANK PIERcm and 600 others, of Mount Jackson, Pa., for nntipolygamy amend (And many others). ment to the Constitution of the United States; to the Committee Mr. GRONNA. I have a letter here addressed to myself . on'the Judiciary. from an old soldier in my State, which I ask may be read and By Mr. TIMBERLAKE: Petition of United Brethren Church, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. W. B. Gillis, moderator; W. F. Burlingame, clerk, of Fort Col There being no objection, the letter was read and referred lins, Colo., for national prohibition; to the Committee on the to tne Committee on Military Airairs, as follows: Judiciary. DEVILS LAKJt, N. D.AK., Feb1·uary 5, 1916. Hon. A. J. GRONNA, Washington, D. a. SENATE. DEAR SENATOR: A few years ago the Congress of the United States financed the undertaking of having a reunion of the surviving Union MoNDAY, FebTUary 14, 1916. and C~>nfederate s~>ldiers of the Civil War at the histoo-ic battlefield or Gettysburg~ Slnce that time thousands of those old men have passed The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman D. D., offered the trom the scene of action and have passed on to the great beyond. That was their last reunion on this earth. I know that you lent your influ following prayer : ence and your vote to promote that meeting and I am sure you do not Almighty God, we come to Thee day by day because we desire regret having done so. to live out our lives in the spirit of prayer. We recognize the There are a few of us left yet, and we are desirous, especially those who were engaged in the s1ege, of having a similar meeting at Vicks higher power. We recognize the Great Spirit above us from burg financed by Congress- a.s before. which our life has come. We seek no higher good than the I hope therefore that the present Congress will recognize the prece good that Thou dost give, for Thou art the author and giver dent made for the Gettvsb'\}rg reunion and that you will exercise your great influence in bcllall of the Vicksburg gathering. of every good and perfect gift. Our ideals are inspired in us Believing that I know what your answer will be, I beg leave to thank by Thy spirit, and the highest benefit that we can have in life you in advance for your help and consideration. is the bene.flt of Thy grace upon our hearts. Look upon us to Yours, truly, D. G. DUELL. day in the love and tenderness of a father, and guide lis in the Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. I have received a telegram from discharge of the duties of the day. For Christ's sake. Amen. Adrian, Mich., containing resolutions adopted at a meeting of The Journal of the proceedings of Saturday last were read citizens of that city, which I ask may be inserted in the RECORD. and approved. There being no objection, the telegram was referred to the WASIDNGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS. Committee on Military Affairs and ordered to be printed in the REcoRD, as follows : The VICE PRESIDENT. In accordance with an order of the ADRIAN, MICH., FebruarJI U, 1916. , Senate heretofore adopted, the Chair designates the Sen.ator The COMMITTEJ!I ON MlLITARY AlrFAIRS, from Maine [1\fr. JoHNSON] to read Washington's Farewell The Senate, Washington., D. a.: Address on the 22d day of February. At a meeting of 30 manufactm·er&, bankers, and professional men held at the public library in the city of Adrian, Mich., February 11, ENROLLED BILL AND JOINT RESOLUTION SIGNED. 1916, the :following resolutions were unanimously adopted and the under-· signed committee authorized to transmit them to the Senators and Rep A message from the House of Representatives, by J. C. resentatives in Congress from Michlgan: South, its Chief Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the House "Whereas it is the sense of this meeting that the question of the had signed the following enrolled bill and joint resolution, and national defense is not only the paramount issue at this tlme. but overwhelmingly transcends any and all other issues and polleles : they were thereupon signed by the Vice President : Therefore H. R. 9213. An act to. authorize the Gary Land Co. to con uRe olved That we approve the plan of national defense as recom struct a bridge across the Grand Calumet River in the State of mended by the administration, including the- plan of a continental army, Indiana ; and and tha.t we deem it imperatively necessary that Congress support It as the only concrete· plan definitely proposed or available for action. H. J. Res.146. Joint resolution authorizing the Secretary of " Resolved, That if any change be made in said plan,. such change War to loan, i sue, or use quartermaster's and medical supplies should be in the directl.on of making it stronger, more efilcient, and for the relief of destitute persons in the districts overflowed by m~>re quickly available. and by no means in a contrary direction. u Resolved . That the National Guard ought tO' be improved~ relieved the Uississippi River and its tributaries. from strike duties, and more completely federalized, but that under no PETI'l'IONS AND MEMORIALS circumstances should it be made to take the place of the propose-d con tinental army. The VICE PRESIDF....NT presented a memorial of the "Resolved, That we regard the existing situation as distinctly in the Farme:rs' Educational and Cooperative Union of America, re nature of an emergency and that we deprecate any unnecessary delay in dealing with it on lines of utmost efficiency and the broadest pa monstrating against the abolishment of the omee of· Comp triotism. troller of the Curreney, whieh was referred to the Committee on a Resolved,. That pa:rticularly do· we regard as indispensably necessary Bunking and Currency. a great and immediate increase in the Navy, and to that end we urge the completion with all possible dispatch of an vessels now under con He also presented a petition adopted at a union conference struction or authorized, and that such new increases as may be' autho-r of the Young People's Societies of Christian Endeavor of Wash ized should be carried out as quickly as possible and not spread over a ington, D. C., praying for prohibition in the District of Columbia, series of yean;." ' which W. H. BURNHAM, was ordered to lie on the table. JOHN C. HOWELL, He also presented a petition of the Farmers' Educational and JOHN S. · BONNIIR, Cooperative Union of America. praying for the publication and Committee. distribution of the report of the Commission on Industrial Rela 1\!r. LODGE. I send to the desk resolutions adopted by citi tions, which was referred to the Committee on Printirrg. zens of Hampshire County, 1\Iass., at a mass meeting held at