Navedtra 14229
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
What's the Difference? a Comparison of the Faiths Men Live By
What’s the Difference? A Comparison of the Faiths Men Live By return to religion-online 62 What’s the Difference? A Comparison of the Faiths Men Live By by Louis Cassels Louis Cassels was for many years the religion editor of United Press International. His column "Religion in America" appeared in over four hundred newspapers during the mid-nineteenth century. What’s the Difference was published in 1965 by Doubleday & Company, Inc. This book was prepared for Religion Online by Harry W. and Grace C. Adams. (ENTIRE BOOK) Cassels provides a useful guide to understanding the beliefs and unique characteristics of the different religious groups in the United States. Forward Coming from a background of religion editor of United Press International as well as a committed Protestant Christian, the author proposes to present the distinguishing beliefs of the varying theistic religions with emphasis on Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Chapter 1: The Varieties of Faith An outline of the rudimentary beliefs of atheists, hedonists, humanists, materialists (communists), pantheists, animists, polytheists and monotheists. Chapter 2: The Jewish-Christian Heritage The survival of the Jews as a self-conscious entity for forty centuries – twenty of them in often bitter estrangement from Christianity – is a historical mystery, and deserves careful analysis of the evolution of Semitic monotheism both in the Jewish understanding of covenant, Torah, messiah and obedience as well as Christian concepts of new covenant, atonement, sin and grace. Chapter 3: The Catholic-Protestant Differences Although Catholics and Protestants have been moving cautiously toward each other, real minor and major differences still separate them, including their understandings and interpretations of grace, faith, authority in governance and teaching as it relates to scripture, the role of Mary, and the sacraments. -
A 3585-Year Ring-Width Dating Chronology of Qilian Juniper from the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
IAWA Journal, Vol. 30 (4), 2009: 379–394 A 3585-YEAR RING-WIDTH DATING CHRONOLOGY OF QILIAN JUNIPER FROM THE NORTHEASTERN QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU Xuemei Shao1 *, Shuzhi Wang2, Haifeng Zhu1, Yan Xu1, Eryuan Liang3, Zhi-Yong Yin4, Xinguo Xu5 and Yongming Xiao5 SUMMARY This article documents the development of a precisely dated and well- replicated long regional tree-ring width dating chronology for Qilian juniper (Juniperus przewalskii Kom.) from the northeastern Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau. It involves specimens from 22 archeological sites, 24 living tree sites, and 5 standing snags sites in the eastern and northeastern Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. The specimens were cross-dated suc- cessfully among different groups of samples and among different sites. Based on a total of 1438 series from 713 trees, the chronology covers 3585 years and is the longest chronology by far in China. Comparisons with chronologies of the same tree species about 200 km apart suggest that this chronology can serve for dating purposes in a region larger than the study area. This study demonstrates the great potential of Qilian juniper for dendrochronological research. Key words: Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; Qilian juniper; den- drochronology; cross-dating; 3585-year chronology; archeological wood. INTRODUCTION One of the aims of dendrochronology is to construct long-term chronologies covering hundreds to thousands of years. These chronologies have major applications to climatic interpretations, radiocarbon analysis, and dating of past events (Lara & Villalba 1993; Scuderi 1993; Hughes & Graumlich 1996; Stahle et al. 1998, 2007; Grudd et al. 2002; Helama et al. 2002; Naurzbaev et al. 2002; Friedrich et al. 2004; Bhattacharyya & Shah 2009; Fang et al. -
Islamic Civilization in Spain
Psychiatria Danubina, 2017; Vol. 29, Suppl. 1, pp 64-72 Conference paper © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN SPAIN – A MAGNIFICIENT EXAMPLE OF INTERACTION AND UNITY OF RELIGION AND SCIENCE Safvet Halilović Faculty of Islamic Education of the University in Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina SUMMARY Islam and its followers had created a civilization that played very important role on the world stage for more than a thousand years. One of the most important specific qualities of the Islamic civilization is that it is a well-balanced civilization that brought together science and faith, struck a balance between spirit and matter and did not separate this world from the Hereafter. This is what distinguishes the Islamic civilization from other civilizations which attach primary importance to the material aspect of life, physical needs and human instincts, and attach greater attention to this world by striving to instantly satisfy desires of the flesh, without finding a proper place for God and the Hereafter in their philosophies and education systems. The Islamic civilization drew humankind closer to God, connected the earth and heavens, subordinated this world to the Hereafter, connected spirit and matter, struck a balance between mind and heart, and created a link between science and faith by elevating the importance of moral development to the level of importance of material progress. It is owing to this that the Islamic civilization gave an immense contribution to the development of global civilization. Another specific characteristic of the Islamic civilization is that it spread the spirit of justice, impartiality and tolerance among people. -
Survey of Recent Mariology (2000) Eamon R
Marian Studies Volume 51 With the Mother of the Lord: On Article 10 Pilgrimage to the New Millennium 2000 Survey of Recent Mariology (2000) Eamon R. Carroll Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/marian_studies Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Carroll, Eamon R. (2000) "Survey of Recent Mariology (2000)," Marian Studies: Vol. 51, Article 10. Available at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/marian_studies/vol51/iss1/10 This Back Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Marian Library Publications at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marian Studies by an authorized editor of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Carroll: Survey of Recent Mariology (2000) A SURVEY OF RECENT MARIOLOGY (2000) Eamon R. Carroll, 0. Carm. * A year ago at our anniversary convention in Washington, I offered reflections on the half-century of the Society. That took the place of the customary Survey which began in 1967. Hence this 2000 Survey reports on two years of publications. I start in customary style with three special items. The first is the 1997 Simposio Mariologico: the second is the set of cate chetical addresses by John Paul II; and the third is an article on ecumenism by a professor at the Gregorian University. The initial item is a treasure-chest of Mariological riches: Maria net mistero di Cristo pienezza del tempo e campi menta del regno.Atti dell' XI Simposio Internazionale Mari ologico Roma, 7-10 ottobre 1997 (Edizioni Marianum, Rome, 1999, xiii & 662 p.). The editor is Elio Peretto, Servite. -
History of the English Language Study Guide for Quiz I Test Date: in Class on Wednesday, Feb 25
English 229: History of the English Language Study Guide for Quiz I Test Date: in class on Wednesday, Feb 25 Reading. Be prepared to write a discussion of the main themes covered in the readings listed below. As a guide for the themes to study, review the list of topics in the conclusion of the chapter in Changing English (p. 73). Also, to review, summarize for yourself the Reading at the end of Chapter 2 in Changing English. “The Prehistory of English” (chapter) In photocopied course packet Chapter 2 “The Origins of English” pp. 39-63 and Reading A at the end of In Changing English the chapter. Historical events and periods. Be prepared to explain the importance of these events or periods in relation to the history of English as a language and to locate them on a historical timeline. The Roman occupation of Britain The dissolution of the Western Roman Empire The Anglo-Saxon settlement/invasions of Britain The Christianization of Britain The Viking invasions and the Danelaw The Norman invasion and occupation Key terms, texts, and concepts. Be prepared to identify and/or define and/or discuss the following issues, terms or things Historical linguistics Inflection Anglo Saxon poetry Questions of evidence in language history Case (Nominative, Battle of Brunanburh Linguistic reconstruction Accusative, Genitive, Aelfric’s Cosmology Diachronic study of language Dative) The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles Synchronic study of language Syntax Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the Cognate words Analytic language English People Indo European family of languages -
Saviours of Islamic Spirit
nmusba.wordpress.com Academy of Islamic Research and Publications nmusba.wordpress.com SAVIOURS OF ISLAMIC SPIRIT VOLUME m b y S. ABUL HASAN All NADWI Translation : MOHIUDDIN AHMAD ACADEMY OF ISLAMIC RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS P.O. Bax 119, NADWA, LUCKNOW-226 007 U. P. (INDIA) A ll rights reserved in favour of: Academy of Islamic Research and Publications Post Box No. 119, NadWatuI Ulama, LUCKNOW-23I0O7 U.P? (INDIA) at awtuo' Series No. 170 EDITtONS: URDU— FIRST EDITION 1982 ENGLISH-FIRST EDITION 1983 SECOND EDITION 1994 Printed at: LUCKNOW PUBLISHING HOUSE LUCKNOW nmusba.wordpress.com CONTENTS Page FORBWARD ... ... ••• 1 I . ISLAMIC WORLD IN THB TENTH GENTURY ... 11 Need for the Study of the Tenth Century Condition* ... ... ... ib. Political Conditions ... ... ... 12 Religious Conditions ... ... ... 16 Intellectual Milieu ... ... ... 2 5 Intellectual and Religious Disquietude ... 2 9 Mahdawls ... ... ... ... 37 Causes o f Unrest ... ... ... 42 I I . THE GREATEST TUMULT OF THB TENTH CENTURY ... 45 Advent of a New Order ... ... ib. I I I . AKBAR^S RULE— THE CONTRASTING CuMAXES ... 53 The Religious Period ... ... ... ib. The Second Phase o f Akbar’s Rule ... 6 0 Effect of Religious Discussions ... ... 61 Role o f Religious Scholars ... ... 66 Religious Scholars o f Akbar’s Court ... 68 Courtiers and Counsellors ... ... 72 ii •AVIOURI OP ISLAMIC SPIKIT Mulls Mubarak and his sons 73 Influence of Rajput Spouses 83 Infallibility Decree 84 Significance of the Decree 86 Fall of Makhdum-ul-Mulk and Sadr-us-Sudnr ... 87 The New Millennium and Divine Faith 88 Akbar's Religious ideas and Practices 90 Fire Worship ... : ib. Sun Worship 91 On Painting 92 Timings of Prayer .. -
Educación, Política Y Valores
1 Revista Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores. Http://www.dilemascontemporaneoseducacionpoliticayvalores.com/ Año: VII Número: 2 Artículo no.:119 Período: 1ro de enero al 30 de abril del 2020. TÍTULO: Un análisis empírico de la cerámica esmaltada del sitio de Mansurah. AUTORES: 1. Assist. Prof. Muhammad Hanif Laghari. 2. Dr. Mastoor Fatima Bukhari. RESUMEN: Mansurah fue la primera ciudad árabe establecida en el subcontinente indio entre 712–1025 dC por el gobernador omeya Amr Thaqafi Construido en el Shahdadpur del distrito de Sanghar, Sindh. Durante este período, los gobernantes árabes extendieron el comercio nacional e internacional desde Sindh. La espectroscopia fue utilizada para examinar el material de cultivo excavado y para encontrar el origen de la cerámica esmaltada. Las evidencias empíricas extraídas del material cultural resaltan la composición de la pasta de color utilizada en estos vasos rotos y se preparan utilizando la arena de dos tipos diferentes de rocas como la volcánica y la metamórfica. Este estudio resalta las relaciones árabe-sindh y otros aspectos culturales de esta fase específica de la historia de Sindh, Pakistán. PALABRAS CLAVES: Arqueología, Historia, Geografía, cerámica esmaltada, relación y comercio. TITLE: An empirical analysis of glazed pottery from the site of Mansurah. 2 AUTHORS: 1. Assist. Prof. Muhammad Hanif Laghari. 2. Dr. Mastoor Fatima Bukhari. ABSTRACT: Mansurah was the first Arab city established in the Indian sub-continent between 712–1025 AD by the Umayyad governor ‘Amr Thaqafi Built in the Shahdadpur of District Sanghar, Sindh. During this period, the Arab rulers extended national and international trade from Sindh. The spectroscopy was used to examine the excavated culture material and to find the origin of the glazed pottery. -
Manuscript at All Stages
1 Rogation ceremonies: key to understand past drought variability 2 in northeastern Spain since 1650 3 *Tejedor E1,2, de Luis M 1,2, Barriendos M3, Cuadrat JM1,2, Luterbacher J4,5, Saz MA1,2 4 1Dept. of Geography and Regional Planning. University of Zaragoza. Zaragoza. (Spain). 5 2Environmental Sciences Institute of the University of Zaragoza. Zaragoza. (Spain). 6 3Department of History. University of Barcelona (Spain). 7 4Department of Geography, Climatology, Climate Dynamics and Climate Change, Justus Liebig University 8 Giessen, Germany 9 5Centre for International Development and Environmental Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 10 Germany 11 *Correspondence to: Miguel Ángel Saz; [email protected] 12 13 ABSTRACT 14 In the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, drought recurrence, intensity, persistence and 15 spatial variability have been mainly studied by using instrumental data covering the past 16 ca. 60 years. Fewer studies have reconstructed drought occurrence and variability for 17 the preinstrumental period using documentary evidence and natural proxies. In this 18 study, we compiled a unique dataset of rogation ceremonies, religious acts to ask god 19 for rain, from 13 cities in the northeast of Spain and investigated the annual drought 20 variability from 1650 to 1899 AD. We converted the qualitative information into three 21 regionally different coherent areas (Mediterranean, Ebro Valley and Mountain) with 22 semiquantitative, annually resolved (December to August) drought indices according to 23 the type of religious act. Both the Barcelona and the regional Mediterranean Drought 24 Indices were compared with the instrumental series of Barcelona for the overlapping 25 period (1787-1899) and we discovered a highly significant and stable correlation with 26 the Standard Precipitation Drought Index of May with a 4 months lag (r=-0.46 and r=- 27 0.53; p<0.001, respectively), asserting the validity of the local and regional Drought 28 Indices derived from the historical documents as drought proxies. -
Historical Dictionary of Architecture
ARTS • ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts, No. 29 PALMER HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF Architecture, which can be understood in its most basic sense as a form of enclosure created with an aesthetic intent, first made its appearance in the Prehistoric Age. From its earliest developments, architecture changed over time and in different cultures in response to changing cultural needs, aesthetic interests, materials, and techniques. Architecture The Historical Dictionary of Architecture provides information on architects HISTORICAL such as Frank Lloyd Wright, Tadao Ando, Leon Battista Alberti, Filippo DICTIONARY Brunelleschi, Michelangelo, and Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov, as well as OF A on famous structures such as the Acropolis, the Colosseum, the Forbidden City, Machu Pichu, Notre Dame, the Pyramids of Giza, Stonehenge, and the World Trade Center. The dictionary examines the development of architecture rchitecture over the centuries through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on the major architects, well-known buildings, time periods, styles, building types, and materials in world architecture. Allison Lee Palmer is professor of art history at the University of Oklahoma. For orders and information please contact the publisher SCARECROW PRESS, INC. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200 ISBN-13: 978-0-8108-5821-3 Lanham, Maryland 20706 ISBN-10: 0-8108-5821-5 1-800-462-6420 • fax 717-794-3803 ALLISON LEE PALMER www.scarecrowpress.com COVER IMAGE © SCPHOTOS / ALAMY HD Architecture.indd 1 8/11/08 11:16:24 AM Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts Jon Woronoff, Series Editor 1. -
Datering Af Handelspladsen Kaupang, Norge
Nationalmuseets Naturvidenskabelige Undersøgelser Datering af handelspladsen Kaupang, Norge. Vikingetidens ‘Sciringesheal’. Dendrokronologisk datering The dating of the trading center Kaupang, Norway. The Viking ‘Sciringesheal’. Tree-ring dating af Niels Bonde NNU rapport 9 2001 NNU Rapport 9 • 2001 2 Indhold / Contents Oversigt ss. 4-9 s. 5 Materiale fra 1967 s. 6 Materiale fra 1970 s. 7 Materiale fra 2000 s. 9 Sammenfatning Survey ss. 10-15 s. 11 Material from 1967 s. 12 Material from 1970 s. 13 Material from 2000 s. 15 Synthesis Henvisninger / References s. 16 Katalog / Catalogue (in English) ss. 17-26 s. 17 Dated samples s. 25 Nondated samples ..om dendrokronologiske undersøgelser ss. 28-29 Illustrationer s. 3 Figur 1: Dateringsdiagram ordnet efter udgravningsår og anlæg. Figure 1: Bar-diagram arranged according to year of excavation and structure. s. 24 Figur 2: Dateringsdiagram ordnet efter fældningsår. Figure 2: Bar-diagram arranged according to year of felling. Tabeller s. 4 Tabel 1. Synkroniseringsværdier (t-værdier). Absolut datering af årringskurverne for prøverne N0639019 og N0639029 samt den beregnede middelkurve. Table 1. Correlation values (t-values). Absolute dating of the tree-ring curves for samples N0639019 and N0639029, and the calculated mean curve. s. 9 Tabel 2. Kaupang. Synkroniseringsværdier (t-værdier). Absolut datering af den nye middelkurve for Kaupang. Table 2. Kaupang. Correlation values (t-values). Absolute dating of the new mean curve. vedlagt Tabel 3. Kaupang. Synkroniseringsværdier (t-værdier). Relativ -
Solar Activity Around AD 775 from Aurorae and Radiocarbon
Astron. Nachr. / AN 999, No.88, 789–812 (2011) / DOI please set DOI! Solar activity around AD 775 from aurorae and radiocarbon R. Neuhauser¨ 1 ⋆ and D.L. Neuhauser¨ 2 1 Astrophysikalisches Institut und Universit¨ats-Sternwarte, FSU Jena, Schillerg¨aßchen 2-3, 07745 Jena, Germany 2 Schillbachstraße 42, 07743 Jena, Germany Received Nov 2014, accepted 27 Feb 2015 Published online Key words AD 775 – solar activity – aurorae – sunspots – radiocarbon – history of astronomy A large variation in 14C around AD 775 has been considered to be caused by one or more solar super-flares within one year. We critically review all known aurora reports from Europe as well as the Near, Middle, and Far East from AD 731 to 825 and find 39 likely true aurorae plus four more potential aurorae and 24 other reports about halos, meteors, thunderstorms etc., which were previously misinterpreted as aurorae or misdated; we assign probabilities for all events according to five aurora criteria. We find very likely true aurorae in AD 743, 745, 762, 765, 772, 773, 793, 796, 807, and 817. There were two aurorae in the early 770s observed near Amida (now Diyarbakır in Turkey near the Turkish-Syrian border), which were not only red, but also green-yellow – being at a relatively low geomagnetic latidude, they indicate a relatively strong solar storm. However, it cannot be argued that those aurorae (geomagnetical latitude 43 to 50◦, considering five different reconstructions of the geomagnetic pole) could be connected to one or more solar super-flares causing the 14C increase around AD 775: There are several reports about low- to mid-latitude aurorae at 32 to 44◦ geomagnetical latitude in China and Iraq; some of them were likely observed (quasi-)simultaneously in two of three areas (Europe, Byzantium/Arabia, East Asia), one lasted several nights, and some indicate a particulary strong geomagnetic storm (red colour and dynamics), namely in AD 745, 762, 793, 807, and 817 – always without 14C peaks. -
Maya Royal Dynasties
Mayo. Royal DYVtasties revised by (V\ga E. Ca{viV\ 20:1..2 Kaan Calakmul 1 Calakmull YUKNOOM CH'EEN I (?) Glyphic spelling: yu[ku]-no-ma[CH'E:N?]-na K'ALTUUN HIX (ca. AD 520-546?) Glyphic spelling: TU:N-K'AB-HIX (,Bound-Stone Jaguar') Also known as: Cu lx, Ku Ix Wife: Lady Ek' Naah (,Star House') SKY WITNESS (ca. AD 561-572) Glyphic spelling: (u)-?-[?-CHAN] YAX YOPAAT (AD 572-579) Glyphic spelling: YAX-YOPAAT? SCROLL SERPENT (AD 579-611?) Glyphic spelling: u-[?]CHAN ('? of the Snake') Also known as: Uneh Chan Accession: 2 September 579 (9.7.5.14.17 11 Kaban 10 Ch'en) Wife: Lady Scroll-in-hand? YUKNOOM Tt' CHAN (ca. AD 619?) Glyphic spelling: yu-ku-no-ma TI-CHAN-na Also known as: Yuknoom Chan TAJOOM UK'AB K'AHK' (AD 622-630) Glyphic spelling: ta-jo-ma u-K'AB-K'AHK' ('? Fiery Hand') Also known as: Ta Batz' Accession: 28 March 622 (9.9.9.0.5 11 Chikchan 3 Wo) Death: 1 October 630 (9.9.17.11 .1 4 131x 12 Sak) YUKNOOM HEAD (AD 630-636) Glyphic spelling: yu[ku](noom)-?-IL Also known as: Cauac Head Monuments: Stelae 76 & 78 2 Calakmulll YUKNOOM THE GREAT (AD 363-686) Glyphic spelling: yu-ku-no-ma CH'E:N?-na Also known as: Ruler 3/4, Yuknom Ch'en Birth: 11 September 600 (9.8.7.2.17 8 Kaban 5 Yax) Accession: 28 April 636 (9.10.3.5.10 8 Ok 18 Sip) Monuments: Stelae 9, 13, 30?, 31 , 32?, 33, 34?, 35, 36, 37?, 75, 77?, 79, 85?, 86, 87?, 93 & 94 YUKNOOM YICH'AAK K'AHK' (AD 686-695?) Glyphic spelling: yu[ku](noom)-[yi]ICH'A:K-ki-K'AHK' ('? Claw of Fire') Also known as: Jaguar Paw Smoke, Jaguar Paw Birth: 6 October 649 (9.10.16.16.19 3 Kawak 2 Keh) Accession: 3 April 686 (9.12.13.17.7 6 Manik' 5 Sip) Brother: Utzeh K'ab K'inich Monuments: Stelae 104, 105?, 115 & 116 YUKNOOM TOOK' K'AWIIL (ca.