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The Radiochemistry of Cesium NUCLEAR SCIENCE SERIES: MONOGRAPHS on RADIOCHEMISTRY and RADIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES

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The Radiochemistry of Cesium NUCLEAR SCIENCE SERIES: MONOGRAPHS on RADIOCHEMISTRY and RADIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES National Academy Sciences National Research Council I NUCLEAR SCIENCE SERIES The Radiochemistry of Cesium NUCLEAR SCIENCE SERIES: MONOGRAPHS ON RADIOCHEMISTRY AND RADIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES AvailablefromtheNationalTechnicalInformationService, U.S.DepartmentofCommerca.Springfield,Virginia22161 ELEMENTS Selenlum, NAS-NS-3030 (Rev. ) [ 19651, $4.50 Silicon, NAS-NS-3049 (Rev.) [ 1968], $5.00 Recent Radiochemlcal Seoaratlon Procedures Silver, NAS-NS-3047 [19611 , $4,50 for As, At, Be, Mg, Ni, hu, and Se, NAS-NS- Sodium, NAS-NS-3055 [1962], $4.00 3059 [19741 , $5.00 Sulfur, NAS-NS-3054 [ 1961] , $6.00 Alumlnum and G.sllium, NAS-NS-3032 [1961] , Technetium, NAS-NS-3021 [ 1960], $4.50 $4.50 Tellurlum, NAS-NS-303E [ 19601,$4,00 Americium and Curium, NAS-NS-3006 [ 1960] , Thorium, NAS-NS-3004 [19601 , $4.50 $4.50 Tin, NAS-NS-3023 [1960] , $4.50 Antimonv, NAS-NS-3033 [ 1961] , $4.60 Titenium, NAS-NS-3034 (Rev. ) [ 1971] .$5.00 Arsenic, NAS-NS-3002 (Rev. ) [1965] , $3.60 Tranwurium Elements, NAS-NS-3031 [1960] , Astatlne, NAS-NS-3012 [ 1960] , $4.00 $4.00 B.srlum. Calclum. and Strontium. Tungsten, NAS-NS-3042 [1 961] , $4.00 NAS-NS-301O [19601 ,$5.50 Urenlum, NAS-NS-3050 [19611 , $10.60 BarVllium, NAS-NS-3013 [19601 , $4.50 Venadlum, NAS-NS-3022 [ 1960] , $5.00 Blamuth. NAS-NS-3061 [19771 . $4.75 Zinc, NAS-NS-3015 [1960] ,$4.50 Cadmium, NAS-NS-3001 [ 1960] , $4.50 Zi:40;&m and Hafnium, NAS.NS.3011 [ 19601, Carbon, Nitrogen, and OxV#en, NAS-NS-3019 [ 1960] , $3.60 Cesium, NAS-NS-3035 [ 1961] , $4.50 Chromium. NAS-NS-3007 (Rev.) [1963]. $4.60 TECHNIQUES Cobalt. NAS-NS-304’i [ 1961] S5.00 COPPe;, NA-S-NS-3027”[ 1961] ”,-$4.50 Absolute Meamrement of Alphe Emlaslon Fluorine, Chlorlne, Bromine, and lodine, ❑nd Spontanaoua Fission, NAS-NS-31 12 NAS-NS.30~ [ 1960] , $4.00 [1968] .$4.50 Francium, NAS-NS-3003 [1960] , $4.00 Activatlo& ‘Anal Vsi~ with Chargad Particles, Germenium, NAS-NS-3043 [ 1961] , $4.50 NAS-NS-3110 [19661 , $4.00 Gold. NAS-NS-3036 I 19611. .S4.00 Applications of Computers to Nuclear and Indlu’m, NAS~NS.301”4 [ 19601_, $4.50 Radiochemistrv, NAS-NS-3107 [19621 ,$9.75 Iodine, NAS-NS-3062 [1 977] , $4.75 Application of Distillation Technlquea to Iridium, NAS-NS-3046 [1961] , $4.00 Radiochemical Separations, NAS-NS-31 06 Iron, NAS-NS-3017 [1960] , $6.00 [1962] ,$4.00 Leed, NAS-NS-3040 [ 1961] , $6.75 CarIon-Exchange Techniques in Radio- Megnedum, NAS-NS.3024 [ 1961] .$4.00 chemisnry, NAS-NS-3113 [1971] , $7.5o Manganesa, NAS-NS-3018 (Rav. ) [ 19711, Chemicel Yield Determination in Radlo- S4.50 chemlstrv, NAS-NS-3111 [1967] , $5.50 Mercury, NAS-NS-3026 (Rev.) [1970] , $7.76 Datectlon and Measurement of Nuclear Molybdenum, NAS-NS-3009 [ 19601, $4.00 Radiation, NAS-NS-3105 [1961] ,$6.00 Neptunium, NAS-NS-3060 [1974] , $8.00 Liquid-Liquid Extraction with High- Nickel, NAS-NS-3051 [1961] , $6,00 Molecular-Weight Amines, NAS-NS-3101 N:j::om end Tantelum. NAS-NS-3039 [ 1961] , [1960 ],$5.00 Low-Level Radiochemlcal Separations, Osmium, NAS-NS-3046 [1961] , $3.50 NAS-NS-3103 [19611 , $4.00 Pelladium, NAS-NS-3052 [ 1961 ] , $5.50 Neutron Activation Techniques for the Measure- Phosphorus, NAS-NS-3056 [1962] , $4.00 ment of Trace Metals in Environmental Pletinum, NAS-NS-3C144 [ 1961 I , $4.00 Samples, NAS-NS-3114 [1974] , $5.00 Plutonium, NAS-NS.305B [ 1965] , $7.50 Paper Chromatographic and Elactromlgratlon Polonium, NAS-NS-3037 [ 1961] , $4.60 Techniques in Radiochemistrv, NAS-NS- Pomaslum, NAS-NS-304B [ 19611, $4.00 3106 [1962], $4,50 Protactinium, NAS. NS-3016 [1959] , $6.00 Processing ❑f Counting Data, NAS-NS-3109 Radium, NAS.NS.3C)57 [lg64j ,$7,75 [1965] ,$6.75 Rare Earths-—Scandium, Yttrium, and Rapid Radlochemlcal Separations, NAS-NS- Actinium, NAS-NS-3020 [1961] , $9.25 3104 [1961], $6.00 Rare Gases, NAS-NS-3025 [ 19601, $4.50 Saparetions bv Solvent Extraction with Rherrlum, NAS-NS-3028 [ 1961] , $4.00 Trl-n-ocWlphosphlne Oxide, NAS-NS-31 02 Rhodium, NAS-NS-300B (Rev. ) [ 1966] ,$5.00 [1961 ], $4.50 Rubidium, NAS-NS-3053 [ 1962] ,$5.00 Users’ Guides for Radloactivltv Ruthenium, NAS-NS-3029 [ 1961] , $5.00 Standards, NAS-NS-3115 [1974] , $5.00 Current as of March 1978 AEC Cete@ry NAS-NS-3035 UC4 The Radiochemistry of Cesium H. L. FINSTON and M. T. KINSLEY Brookhawn Naticnzul Laboratory Upton, New York February 1961 Reprintedby theTechnicelInfornurtionCenter U,S.DepartnwntofEnergy Subcommittee on Radiochemistry National Academy of Sciences —National Research Council . .. ,-” ,.. , AVAIL AS t4AS-iJS-3035 Fall $9+75 FROM NATXGh!AL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SVC U+S+ DEPARTMENT OF CC)KHERCE SPRINGFIELD LJI% 22161 Prirrta+lintheUni’ttiStaWdArimfice“ USDOETahriical l’nforrnetion Cent&, Oak Ridee,Tenfi 1961; Iatastprinting March 1976 FOREWORD The Subcommittee on Radlochemlstry 1s one of a number of subcommittees working under the Committee on Nuclear Science within the National Academy of Sciences - National Research council . Its members represent government, indu6trlal, and university laboratories In the areas of nuclear chemistry and analytical chemistry, The Subcommittee has concerned Itself with those areas of nuclear science which involve the chemist, such as the collec- tion and distribution of radlochemlcal procedures, the estab- lishment of specifications for radlochemlcally pure reagents, availability of cyclotron time for service Irradlatlons, the place of radlochemistry In the undergraduate college programJ etc. This series of monographs has grown out of the need for up-to-date compilations of ra.biochemical information end pro- cedures. The Subcommittee has endeavored to present a series which will be of maximm use to the working scientist and which contatis the latest available information. Each mono- graph collects h one volume the pertinent information required for radiochemlcal work with an individual element or a group of closely related elements. An expert h the radiochemistry of the particular element has written the monograph, following a standard format developed by the Subcommittee. The Atoml.c Energy Commission has sponsored the printing of the series, The Subcommittee is confident these publications will be usefti not only to the radiochemlst but also to the research worker ‘in other fields such as physics, biochemistry or medicine who wishes to use radiochemlcal techniques to solve a specific problem. W. Wayne Meinke, Chairman Subcommittee on Radiochemistry iii INTRODUCTION The series of monogra@m3 k-ill cover all elements for ‘wliich ra.iloctiemtcai proceatires zrz psrtinetit. plana include revlslon of the monograph perlodlcaiiy aa new- technlquea an.i prGee[iurea ‘W-arrzmr. The rezfler la tkierefors encouraged to caii to the a~ten~ian ,of t:ne author any pu-liisrle.ior uripu-iilahe.imaterial on t:ne rzmiiocr,erl~stryof cesliim-w-rllcr!mlgnt “be inciudecd In a revlaed v?raion Gf th~e monograpli. iv CONTENTS I. General Reviews of the Inorganic and Analytical 1 Chemistry of Cesium II. Table of Isotopes of Cesium 3 III . Review of those Features of Cesium Chemistry of 6 Interest to Radiochemists General Properties 6 Cesium Metal 6 Halides 8 Oxides 11 Hydroxide 12 Cesium Permanganate 13 Chromate 14 Permolybdate 14 Sulfates 14 Polysulfides 17 Nitrogen Compounds 18 Salts of Oxides of Phosphorous 19 Carbonate 20 Analytical Methods 21 IV. Dissolution of Samples Containing Compounds of 27 Ces ium v. Counting Techniques Eor Use with Isotopes of Cesium 29 VI. Applications of Radioisotopes of Cesium 32 VII. Collection of Detailed Radiochemical Procedures 35 for Cesium TABLES I. Atomic and Physical Pro~erties of Cesium 7 v II. Properties of Cesium Halides 9 III. Properties of Ceeium Pemanganate 1-4 IV. Precipitation Metlmda 22 v. Carrier-Free Methoda 24 VI. Ion Exchange and Chranatographic Methoda ~=J VII. Spectrochemical Methods 26 VIII. Fission Product Yields 30 FIGURE I. Decay Scheme of Cealum-137 31 VI The Radioc,hemistry of Cesium 1% L. FINSTON and M. T. KINSLEY IWookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York I. General Reviews of the Inorganic and Analytical. Chemistry Qf Cesium Furman, N.H., cd., Scott’s Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5th Ed., Vol. 1, 893-8, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc.,Mew York, 1939. Hillebrand, W.F., Lundell, G.E.F., Bright, H.A., Hcxffman, J.I., Applied Inorganic Analysis, 2nd Ed., 646-70, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1953. Jacobson, C.A., Encyclopedia of Chemical Reactions, Vol. 11, 618-60, Reinhold Publishing Co., New York, 1948. Latimer, W.M. and Hildebrand, J.H., Reference Book of Inorganic Chemistry, Revised Ed., 36-56, Macmillan ,CO., New I!ork, 1940. Noyes, A.A. and Bray, W.C., Qualitative Analysis fc)r the Rare Elements, 245-67, 469-79, Macmillan Co., New York, 1927. Sneed, M.C. and Brasted, R.C., Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 6, The Alkali Metals, 3-182, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, 1957. Thorne, P.C.L. and Roberts, E.R.j Fritz Ephraim Inorganic Chemistry, 4th Ed., Nordeman Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1943. West, T.S., Chem. Age —65, 467-70, 473, 1951. (68,84) 11. TABLE OF ISOTOPES OF CESIUM Energy of Decay Particles Isotope ‘1/2 TYP e of Decay Mev (relative intensities) Formation ~s123 6m ~s125 1127 45 m 9+ @+ 2.05 (z,6n) E. C. Y 0.112 126 ~s126 1.6 m 6+ 82% ~+ 3.8 Daughter Ba E. C. 18% Y 0.385 127 cs127 6.25 h P+ ~+ 0.68, 1.06 Daughter Ba E. C. y 0.125(10),0.286(?) 1127(u,4n) ~ 15 0.406 (80),0.440(Weak) 128 cs128 3.8 m P-’-75% Q+ 1.5 (3),2. 5(30),3.()(7CI) Daughter Ba E. C. 25% ; 0.445,0.980 129 cs129 31 h E.
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