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283 Abednego, 147 Abishag the Shunammite, 163 Abortion, 218

283 Abednego, 147 Abishag the Shunammite, 163 Abortion, 218

Index

Abednego, 147 Agathimerus, grandson of Remigius, Abishag the Shunammite, 163 246–47 Abortion, 218 Agericus of Verdun, 227 Abraham, monk, 103, 119 Agnes, abbess, 201, 203 Academy, 18 Agricola, brother of Papianilla, 72 Achilles, Greek hero, 118 Agricola, grandson of Remigius, 243, Acolitus, 48 245, 247 Acta sanctorum, ix, 212 Agrippa, general of Augustus, 193 Actio gratiarum, 49 Agrippina, wife of Germanicus, Actio repetundarum, 51 192–93 Acts of the Apostles, 163 Agroecius, author, 19, 21, 33 Adam, ‹rst man, 61, 164 Agroecius of Sens, 19 Adovacrius, Saxon leader, 54 Alamanni, 125, 137, 186, 195 Adscripticius, 15 Alans, 125, 127, 154 Adultery, 100, 235, 237 Alaric, slave, 245 Adventus, ceremony of, 200–201, 208 Alaric I, Visigothic chieftain, 126 Advocatus, 165 Alaric II, Visigothic king, 89, 136 Aegean Sea, 55 Albi, 73 Aeneas, vinekeeper, 244 Albo›eda, sister of Clovis, 196 Aeneid, 225 Albovichus, servant, 244 Aeonius of , 53–54 Alcima, daughter of Sidonius, 72, Aesop, author of fables, 117 185–87, 189, 198 Aetius, grandson of Remigius, 246–47 Alcimus, father of Sidonius, 77 Africa, North, 7, 97, 104, 125, 146, Alexander, martyr, 146–47 185, 239 Algasia, a , 104 Against All Heresies, 5 Alliteration, 81 Against Eutyches, 5 Alps, 125 Against Nestorius, 5 Amanda, wife of Aper, 172–74 Against Pelagius, 6 Amantius, dependent, 245 Agamemnon, Greek hero, 118 Amantius, merchant, 47, 49, 51–54, Agapitus, consul, 92 56–57, 65, 70, 231

283 284 Index

Ambrose of Milan, 7, 25 Archives, municipal, 106–7 Ambrosius, dependent, 246 Aredius, abbot, 222–23 Amiens, 125 Aregildus, dependent, 245 Ammianus Marcellinus, historian, , 96, 99, 120, 136, 150, 154, 13–14, 228 156–58, 190, 196 Ammonites, 162 Arigius, father of Arbogastes, 35 Amnii, Roman family, 13 Arion, minstrel, 79 Amorinus, slave, 243 Aristeides of Miletus, author, 51 Anagnia, 143 Aristocrats, 11, 14, 16, 18–19, 34–35, Ananias, 203 41, 43–44, 56–58, 68, 70, 72, 74, 78, Anastasius, emperor, 155 81, 91, 119, 141, 171, 178–79, 184, Anastasius, priest, 55–56, 69 187, 192, 211, 231, 239–41, and pas- Andarchius, ex-slave, 67–70, 139, 227, sim 231 Arithmetic, 68 Angels, 223 Arius, heresiarch, 120, 206 Angers, 54, 107, 130, 232 Arles, 12, 77, 168, 170, 201, 232 Anianus, vir spectabilis, 136–37 Armorica, 54, 165 Anianus of Orléans, 231 Arnobius Junior, author, 216 Anicii, Roman family, 13 Arras, 125 Anicium, 233 Artemia, child, 74 Anthimus, author, 21 Artisans, 60 Antichrist, 233 Arvandus, prefect, 43, 119 Antiope, wife of Theseus, 51 Arvernians, 139 Antithesis, 81 Asmodaeus, demon, 162 Antolianus, martyr, 186 Assur, 125 Aper, monk, 172–74 Asterius, consul, 12 Aphrodite, goddess, 118 Asterius, friend of Ennodius, 18 Apocalypse, 167 Asterius, Turcius Ru‹us Apronianus, Apocalypticism, 203 senator, 12–13 Apollinares, family, 42, 184 Astrology, 219, 239 Apollinaris, martyr, 247–48 Astyrius, consul, 77 Apollinaris, son of Sidonius, 57, 78, Athanagild, Visigothic king, 209 86–89, 91, 133, 185–88 Athaulf, Visigothic chieftain, 125–27, Apollinaris, uncle of Sidonius, 56–57 137 Apollinaris of Valence, 88, 96–98 Athens, 47, 51, 91 Apollo, god, 79, 225 Attica, wife of , 181 Aprunculus of Langres, 133 , king of , 211–12 Aquitania, 62, 125, 151, 165 Attius Tiro Delphidius, rhetor, 217 Arbiter, friend of Querolus, 43–44, Audientia, 88 62–63 Augustan period, 5 Arbogastes, count, 34–38 , 7, 22, 24–26, 62, Arbogastes, master of soldiers, 34–36 71, 123, 144 Arbogastes of Chartres, 37 Augustus, emperor, 125, 193 Arcadius, emperor, 139 Auliatena, wife of Catussio, 246 Arcadius, son of Apollinaris, 88, Aunegilda, a Burgundian, 100–102, 187–88, 198 213 Index 285

Aurelianus, son of , 80 , 161, 182, 225 Aurelius of St-Paulien, 233 Bishops, 11, 47–48, 56, 58, 67, 78, 91, , poet, 193 95, 99, 119–21, 128, 131, 137, 147, Auspiciola, daughter of , 108, 149–50, 167, 187–88, 202–4, 208–9, 112 219, 222, 238–39, and passim; selec- Auspicius of Toul, 34–35, 38 tion of, 165–66, 170, 185, 223–24, Austrapius, duke, 205 226 Auvergne, 49, 66, 73, 89, 120, 186–87 Books, collecting, 22 Auxerre, 60, 165, 230 Bordeaux, 239 Avita, sister of Desiderius, 187 Bourges, 60, 187, 229, 232 Aviti, family, 42, 184 Bretons, 54 , Eparchius, 6, 120, 134, 185 Breviarium Alarici, 105, 136, 148 Avitus of Clermont, 186–87 Briseis, concubine of Agamemnon, 118 , ix, 7, 31–34, 81, Britain, 4, 121, 216 88–89, 96–98, 154, 191 Britons, 216 Brittany, 165 Bacaudae, 116, 121, 239 Brittobaude, slave, 245 Bacchus, god, 90–91 Briva Curretia (Brive), 90 Balkans, 9 Brunhilde, queen of , 209, 228 Balthamodus, lover of Aunegilda, Burgundian Code, 100–101, 138 100–101 , 95, 100, 120, 125, 127, Bandits, 54, 66–67, 95, 121, 152, 239 133–34, 137, 189, 191–94, 197 , 61, 122–24, 136, 152–53, Burgundy, 193, 197 155–56, 194–96, 214, 244 Burial, 55, 180 Barbarians, x, 3, 6, 16, 33–35, 38, 47, Byzantine Empire, 1–2, 47, 137, 155 58, 67, 95, 113–14, 120–21, 124–27, 133–35, 150–51, 153, 156–57, 167, Cabrières, fortress, 212 174, 176, 179, 183, 189, 192–93, 240, Caesar, 174 242, and passim Caesaria, abbess, 201–2 Barbarian settlement, 154, 178 Caesaria, dependent, 246 Barbarism, 31–32 Caesarius of Arles, 7, 29, 54, 201–2 Basilius, consul, 47, 181 Cahors, 28, 187 Basina, daughter of Chilperic, 234–36 Caledonia, 122 Basina, mother of Clovis, 199 Calendar, ecclesiastical, 90 Bathsheba, 163–64 Calumnia, 59 Baudoleifus, colonus, 243 Camels, 161 Baudonivia, 38, 200, 204–5 Cannibalism, 153 Baudorosera, dependent, 246 Canons, church, 234 Baudovicus, colonus, 244 Cantor, 48 Bazas, 240 Capalinus, dependent, 245 Bebrimodus, vinekeeper, 245 Caper, grammarian, 19–20, 33 Belgica Secunda, 135 Capital punishment, 101, 170, 218 Berny, villa, 69 Caprasius of Lérins, 171 Bertharius, king of Thuringians, 200 Captives, captivity, 54, 65, 95, 122–23, Bethlehem, 7, 125 126–29, 131, 146, 156, 174, 176, 180, Béziers, 212–13 190, 200, 225, 231 286 Index

Caretena, Burgundian queen, 189– Chilperic II, Burgundian king, 133–34, 92 190, 192–93 Cassiodorus, author, ix, 9 , Frankish king, 193, Cassius, martyr, 55, 186 195–97 Castor of Chartres, 132–33 Chlodovald, son of Chlodomer, 197 Castration, 238 Chlothar I, Frankish king, 56, 193, Catarigum, 247 197–200, 202, 204–5, 213 Catechumenate, 76 Christ, 24, 35, 38, 53, 61, 72, 74, 92–93, Catholic faith, 157, 216, 240, 243 96, 109–10, 120, 122, 128, 134, Catihern, a Breton, 214, 216 142–43, 145, 148–50, 155, 161–63, Catiline, conspirator, 240 166, 169, 171, 173–74, 176, 184, Cattusio, vinekeeper, 246 189–91, 195, 202, 204–7, 209–10, Catullus, poet, 118 212, 214–15, 230, 232–33, and pas- Cautinus of Clermont, 55, 233 sim Celibacy, 102 , x, 1, 3, 13, 44, 73, 75, 85, Celsa, Marcia Romania, 93 102, 104, 107, 109, 111–13, 123, 141, Celsa of Vienne, 73, 92–93, 104 145, 150, 159, 164, 168, 178–79, 215, Celsus, friend of Ruricius, 27–28, 60 227, and passim; conversion to, Celsus, kidnapping victim, 166–67 111–12, 141, 145, 147, 153–54, 156, Celts, 121, 216 158, 165, 193, 195, 200; Nicene, 96, Censuales, 77 136, 141, 154, 156–58, 167, 190, Censurius of Auxerre, 58–60 196 Cento, 16 Christian life, 8, 26 Cerasia, 150–51, 153–54, 160 , 155 Ceratius, friend of Avitus, 82 Christogram, 74–75, 242, 248 Ceraunia, widow, 7, 61, 63 Chronicle of Saragossa, 9 Ceraunius of Nantes, 61 Chronicles, 9 Cesurnicum, villa, 245–46 Chronicon paschale, ix Châlons-sur-Marne, 247 Church construction, 181–82, 186–87, Character assassination, 86 190–91, 198, 210, 231 Charibert, Frankish king, 204, 226, Cibyra, Asia Minor, 192 234 Cibyrates, brothers, 192 Charitable activity, 179, 181, 184, 200, Cicero, orator, 4, 20, 116, 159 206, 210 Cictato, 46 Charta, 27, 55, 139 Circe, temptress, 30 Chartres, 132 Cispiciolus, colonus, 247 Chastity, 111, 176, 190, 206 Civic dissension, 120 Childebert I, Frankish king, 187–88, Clarissima femina, 74, 181 193, 196–99, 201, 213, 222 Clarus of Eauze, 62 Childebert II, Frankish king, 228, Claudius, priest, 166–67 235–37 Clermont, 6, 9, 47, 52, 61, 68, 79, 87, Childeric, Frankish king, 131, 135 103, 105–6, 119–20, 133, 138–39, Children, 2, 42, 71, 75, 84–86, 90–92, 182, 185–87, 213, 224 104–5, 107, 112, 129, 190, and pas- , nun, 234–39 sim Clotilde, wife of Clovis, 55, 154, , Frankish king, 204, 226 193–95, 197–99, 210, 234, 238 Index 287

Clovis I, Frankish king, 131, 135, 154, Councils: church, 29, 114, 235, 238; 166–68, 193–96, 199, 234, 242, 244 municipal, 12, 45; provincial, 45 Code of Justinian, 137 Count, 12–13; of domestics, 13 Codex Sangallensis, 160 Craftsmen, 60 Codicils, 243 Criminal charges, 58, 170 Collaborators, 87, 103 Crocus, king of Alamanni, 186 Cologne, 74–75, 108, 112, 174, 176 Crona, daughter of Chilperic, 193 Coloni, 60, 64, 243 Cupidity, 36 Comagenis, in Noricum, 184 Curiales, 12, 15, 42, 115, 121 Comedy, 17, 62, 67, 78, 114, 117 Cursus honorum, 12 Comes civitatis, 138 Cyprian of , 25 Comes rerum privatarum, 117 Cyprus, 216 Commonitorium, 83, 125, 171 Cytheris, courtesan, 118 Communion, 97, 99, 145, 168, 215–16, 235, 246 Daero, wife of Amantius, 245 Conception, 162 Dagalaifus, colonus, 244 Confession of faith, 146 Dagarasera, dependent, 246 Conhospitae, 215 Dagaredus, colonus, 243–44 Consentius of Narbonne, 20, 31, 33 Dalii, Roman family, 14 Conspiracies, 228, 240 Danube River, 183 Constans, consul, 104 Dasovinda, daughter of Amantius, 245 Constans, lector, 57–58 Dating: by indictions, 47, 181; con- Constantine I, emperor, 101, 196, 207 sular, 13, 46–47, 74, 92, 94, 101, 104, Constantine III, emperor, 127, 170 127, 137, 139, 181, 190, 247; regnal, Constantinople, 142, 238 137 Constantius, son of Ruricius, 80, Dauveus, vir clarissimus, 248 90–91 David, Jewish king, 163, 210 Constantius II, emperor, 76 De barbarismis et metaplasmis, 20 Constantius III, emperor, 104, 127 De civitate dei, 24, 27, 125 Constantius of , hagiographer, De duabus partibus orationis, 20 58, 164 De dubiis generibus, 19 Consulate, 12–13, 77 De gubernatione dei, 85 Cornelius Sisenna, translator, 51 De insitione, 20 Coroticus, bandit, 54, 121–24, 152, De latinitate, 19 239 De laude eremi, 83, 168 Corpus christianorum, ix De medicamentis, 20 Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum De natura animae, 21 Latinorum, ix De observatione ciborum, 21 Council of Agde, 28–29, 53, 90, 136, De reditu suo, 17 188, 215, 225 De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis, 5 Council of Arles, Second, 215 De spiritalis intellegentiae, 22 Council of Elvira, 17 De veterinaria medicina, 20 Council of Epaon, 95–96 De viris illustribus, 5 Council of Lyon (518/23), 98 Deacons, deaconesses, 199, 247 Council of Orléans (511), 168, 214 Debauchery, 194 Council of Vannes, 225 Decurions, 12, 42, 47, 115 288 Index

Dedications, 18–19, 21 Epitaphs, 44, 46–47, 72–75, 150, 180, Dedimia, abbess, 205 189–90 Defensor civitatis, 105–7, 138 Esther, 212 Delphi, 225 Ethnicity, 3, 144 Delphinus of Bordeaux, 217 Etruscans, 193 Demons, 221–24, 229 Eucheria, poet, 38, 40, 182 Deoteria, 187, 212–14 , 7, 19, 22, 24–25, Desert, 171 40, 45, 82–85, 168–69 Desiderius of Cahors, 187 Euchrotia of Bordeaux, 217–18 Devil, 148, 226–27, 232–34, 236 Eudomius, Visigothic of‹cial, 61 Diocesis, 244 Eugenia of Marseille, 179–80 Dionysius of , 223, 231 Eugenius, usurper, 34 Dionysus, god, 79, 91 Eugippius, hagiographer, 75 Diptych, 12 Eulodius, vir clarissimus, 248 Dithyramb, 79 Eulogiae, 230 Divination, 227 Eumerius of Nantes, 53 Domus ecclesiae, 188 Eunuchs, 238 Dreams, 159 Euphrasius of Clermont, 185 Droctulfus, conspirator, 228 Euphrates River, 164 Druids, 116 Euphronius of , 201, 208 Ductio, colonus, 244 , Visigothic king, 129 Dulcitia of Vienne, 180 Euripides, Greek playwright, 51 Dynamius, grandson of Dynamius, 40 Eusebian Collection of homilies, 120 Dynamius, patrician, 40 Eustachius of Marseille, 50–51 Eustochium, virgin, 20, 159 Easter, 90, 101, 212 Eustochius of Angers, 214 Ecdicius, patrician, 71 Eustochius of Nantes, 53 Economic conditions, 3, 16, 47, 104, Eutropius, friend of Sidonius, 18 176 Eutropius, historian, ix Edoveifa, dependent, 245 Eutropius, priest, 151 Education, 38, 68, 77–79, 81–85, 165 Eutropius, vir clarissimus, 248 Egeria, pilgrim, 160 Eutropius of Orange, 147–50, 158, 224 Egypt, 27, 78, 163, 171 Evodius, prefect, 218 Eleusinian mysteries, 91 Excommunication, 235–36, 239 Elites, 3, 16, 43, and passim Exile, 54, 88, 97, 103, 122, 127–31, 180, Emancipation, 105, 244 185, 187 Embassies, 194 Exorcism, 48, 227 Ennodius of Pavia, 7, 183 Exsuperantius, Julius, historian, 20 Eparchius, son of Ruricius, 80 Epigraphy, 9 Fabulae Milesiae, 51 Epiphanius of Salamis, 216 Factions, 223 Epistola formata, 48 Faileuba, Frankish queen, 228 Epistolography, 6–8, 26, 40–41, 47, 57, Families, 46, 52, 70, 74, 92, 107–9, 112, 85, 102, 127, 130, 160, 182, 242, and 119, 134, 140–41, 169, 176, 178–79, passim 184–85, 234, 242, and passim Epistulae Austrasicae, 34, 40 Family, monastic, 84 Index 289

Famine, 73, 125, 153, 183–84, 231–32 Gallienus, emperor, 1 Famula dei, 181 Gallomagnus, referendarius, 228 Fasting, 61, 200, 206–7, 212, 234 Gallus, St., 186 , 7, 65, 95, 113, 128–30, Garonne River, 44 132 Gaul, , 4, 6–7, 9, 14, 17, 34, 38, Felemoda sive Moda, 46 42, 44, 46–47, 62, 74, 77, 81, 90–91, Felix, senator, 68 95, 102, 123–25, 136, 144, 148, 160, Femina inlustris, 183 165, 171–72, 181, 183, 187, 199, 212, Feriae, 90, 147 214–15, 217, 222–23, 232–33, and Ferreoli, family, 42 passim Fever, fourth-class, 189 Gelasius, , 6, 182–83 Fire, 224–25 Gender, 3, 42, 71, 105, 211, 214, Firmina of Arles, 182–83 219 Flavarasera, daughter of Flavianus, , 85 247 Gennadius of Marseille, 5–6 Flavianus, dependent, 246 Genovefa, St., 182, 199, 211–14, Flavonii, Roman family, 14 229–31 Flight, 58, 126, 187 Gentiles, 160 Florentius, priest, 65, 128 Gepids, 125 Foedamia, wife of Melanius, 247 Gereones, Roman family, 14 Foedamius, priest, 58–60 Germanicus, nephew of Tiberius, Formulae, 4, 66, 74–75, 105, 107, 138, 192–93 181 Germanicus of Cantiliae, 26 Formulae spiritalis intellegentiae, 82 Germans, 3, 126, 135–37, 192 Fornication, 218, 228 , 58, 81, 164–66, Fortune-telling, 225 172–73, 219, 225, 230–31 Fossor, 48, 55, 233 Germanus of Paris, 203, 206, 225 Francus, priest, 132 Germany, 125 Frankincense, 190 Gesta, 106, 139 Franks, 9, 34, 54, 82, 103, 123, 131, Ghosts, 219 136–38, 154, 156, 166, 185, 188, Gibericus, slave, 245 193–94, 196, 198, 225, 231, 242 Gnatho, parasite, 86 Freda, a Visigoth, 61 God, 9, 24, 61, 74, 76, 85, 90, 98, 102, Fredegarius, chronicler, 9 109–10, 113, 120–24, 130, 133, 135, Fredegisclus, spatharius, 101 146, 149, 156, 158, 161–62, 169, 171, Fredegund, Frankish queen, 227 173–74, 181, 183–84, 186, 190–91, Fréjus, 168 194–96, 200, 203–4, 206–9, 212, 220, Fretela, priest, 152 223, 226, 248, and passim Friendship, 32, 103, 175 Godomar, Burgundian king, 197 Frieredus, tribune, 245, 247 Gothia, 125–26 Frigidus River, battle of, 34 , 116 Frunimius, colonus, 244 Gourdon, 28, 61 Graecus of Marseille, 47, 49–51 Galla, wife of Eucherius, 83 Grammar, 19, 32–33 Galla Placidia, empress, 104, 126–27 Gratian, emperor, 93–94 Gallic Chronicles, 9 Greece, Greeks, 3, 39, 155 290 Index

Gregory of Tours, ix, 4, 9–10, 46, 54, Holy Cross, convent of, 200–201, 234, 67, 69–70, 73, 103, 119, 156–57, 182, 236–37 186, 188, 193, 195–96, 199–202, 204, Holy Land, 125 212, 221, 225–27, 232–35, 237, 239, Honestiores, 42–43 247 Honorati, 15 Gundegiselus of Bordeaux, 235 of Arles, 83–84, 168, 170 , acquaintance of Remigius, Honoratus of Marseille, 22 246 , emperor, 94, 104, 127, Gundobad, Burgundian king, 100, 139 189, 191–94, 246 Horace, poet, 24 Gunthar, son of Chlodomer, 197 Horses, 27, 29–30 , Frankish king, 204, 235 Hospitalitas, 134, 153 Guntram Boso, duke, 226 Hostages, 54 Humiliores, 15, 42, 56 Hadrian, emperor, 243 Huns, 211, 231 Hagiography, 4, 8, 58, 68, 75, 96, Hydatius, chronicler, 9, 153 165–66, 192, 194, 204, 214, 229, 231, Hypatius, father-in-law of Salvian, 242, and passim 108, 112 Harioli, 219 Hebrew, 152 Iacchus, god, 91 Hedybia, a Gaul, 104 Iamlychus of , 37 Helena, mother of Constantine I, 207 Idols, 145, 147–48, 195 Hell, 122, 210 Iliad, 118 Hera, goddess, 194 Incest, 95–98 Heraclean stone, 186 Indictions, 47 Heraclius, emperor, 1 Informers, 93, 192 Heraclius, friend of Avitus, 81 Ingomer, son of Clovis, 193–94 Heraclius of Paris, 166 Injuriosus of Tours, 199 Hercules, Greek hero, 62–63, 219–21 Innocentius, slave, 245 Heresy, 123, 144, 156–57, 171, 218 Inquilinus, 15, 64–65 Heruls, 125 Instructiones, 82–84 Hesperius, rhetor, 79–80, 88 Insults, 138 Hic iacet, 74 Intercession, 58, 97 Hieron, brother of Tlepolemos, 192 Interpretations, 105 Hieronymus (Jerome), 7 Invasion, barbarian, 124 Hilaria, deaconess, 246 Ireland, Irish, 121–24 , 22, 83–86, 168, 171 Isidore of Seville, 5 Hilary of , ix, 25, 235 Islam, Islamic caliphate, 1–2 Hincmar of Reims, 242 Italy, 4, 75, 144, 148–49, 181, 183 Hippo, 7 Iubileus annus, 167 Hippolytus, son of Theseus, 51 Ius amicitiae, 32, 72 Hippolytus, St., 40 History, 8, and passim Jacobus, master of soldiers, 142–43 History against the Pagans, 125 Januarinus, Fl., consul, 93 History of the Franks, 9 Javols, 232 Holy Apostles, church of, 196, 199 Jephthah, an Israelite, 162 Index 291

Jerome, St., 5, 7, 9, 20, 81, 104, Law of nations, 116 124–25, 152, 159–60 Lawrence, St., 181 Jerusalem, 159, 217 Laws, x, 67–68, 94, 101, 104–6, 118, Jews, 208 121, 125–26, 133–34, 136–37 John, apostle, 151 Lawsuits, 64 John Chrysostom, 142–43 Lawyers, 116–17 John of Biclara, 9 Lector, 48, 52, 57 John the Baptist, 167 Le Mans, 232 Jokes, 27–30 Lent, 159 Jonah, 55 Lentulus Sura, Catilinarian, 240 Jovia, 245 Leo, emperor, 6 Jovinus, emperor, 127, 170, 187 Leo, grandson of Baudorosera, 246 Judgment Day, 203 Leoberedus, son of Sunnoveifa, 246 Judith, 212 Leobovera, abbess, 234, 239 Jugurtha, Numidian king, 240 Leontius, child, 75 Julian, caesar, 76 Leontius, son of Ruricius, 80 Julian of Brioude, 70, 138, 222 Leo of Sens, 166 Julianus, proconsul, 104 Lérins, 40, 82–84, 168–70, 175–76 Julianus of Toledo, 40 Lero, island, 83, 168 Juno, goddess, 194 Lesbos, 79 Jupiter, god, 194 Letter, canonical, 48 Justin, consul, 47 Letter exchange, 58 Justin, count, 208 Leuci, 39–40 Justina, prioress, 234, 237 Leuconian bronze, 39–40 Justinian, emperor, 47, 137 Leudocarius, dependent, 247 Justus, physician, 72 Leudovera, dependent, 247 Lex Romana Visigothorum, 136 Kidnapping, 65, 166 Liber, god, 90 Liberal studies, 23 Laconia, 38 Liber de similitudine carnis peccati, 151 Lampridius, rhetor, 239–40 Liber ecclesiasticorum dogmatum, 5 Languages, 152 Liber ponti‹calis, ix Lanthechildis, sister of Clovis, 196 Libraries, 25 , 244, 246 Licinius of Tours, 214 Lar Familiaris, 114–15 Lightning, 148–49 Late Antiquity, ix–xi, 2–6, 9–10, 16, Limenius, martyr, 186 24, 40–41, 46, 85, 107, 112, 119, 124, Limoges, 28, 60, 90, 102, 130, 222 140–41, 160, 168, 218, 234, 241, 246, Linguistics, 62 and passim Literary circles, 16, 19, 34, 38, 40, 160 Latin Anthology, 21, 38 Literary studies, 15–17, 20–22, 24, 34, Latronianus, Priscillianist, 218 38, 68, 78, 81 Laus insulae Lerinensis, 40 Literature, 4 Lauta, colona, 243 Litterae commendaticiae, 48, 53 Law: biblical, 163; praetorian, 243; Liturgy, 90, 209, 214 Roman, 70, 107, 136, 139, 242 “Lives of the Visigothic Fathers,” ix Law courts, 67 Loire River, 103, 116, 226 292 Index

Lombards, 138 Marriage contract, 50–51 Lovocatus, a Breton, 214, 216 , god, 194 Lucretia, wife of Collatinus, 193 Marseille, 40, 49, 52, 67–68, 73, 81, 85, Lucumo (Tarquin the Old), 192–93 175, 179, 232 Lugdunensis, 125, 129–30, 165 Martial of Limoges, 222–23 Lugdunensis III, 214 Martina, 73 Lugdunensis Germania, 192 Martin of Brive, 90 Lupicinus, abbot, 133–35 , 9, 75, 77, 90–91, 144, Lupus, duke, 68 166, 206, 222, 225–26, 231 Lupus, rhetor, 239 Martyrdom, martyrs, 142–43, 146–47, Lupus of Laon, 243–44, 246–47 185 Lupus of , 17, 65, 83, 132, 170 Martyrius, lector, 146 Lustrum, 144, 190 Mary, mother of Christ, 163–64, 204, Lyon, 19, 22, 31, 40, 46, 52, 73, 97–98, 206 101, 120, 168, 189, 191–92 Master of soldiers, 12, 142 Mathematici, 219 Macco, count, 236–37 Matricula, 244, 247 Macharius, friend of Asterius, 13 Matthew, apostle, 216 Madness, 188–89 Maurilio, colonus, 243 Magi, 219 Maximinus of Trier, 222 Magic, 148–49, 194, 218, 220 Maximus, priest, 26 Magnentius, emperor, 217 Maximus of Riez, 40, 170 Magnericus of Trier, 221 Mayence, 125 Magni, family, 42 Medaridus, son of Mellaricus, 245 Magnus Felix, patrician, 181, 183 Medes, 162 Magnus Maximus, emperor, 218 Medovicus, freed slave, 245 Claudianus, 21 Melanius, vinekeeper, 244, 247 Mamertus of Vienne, 212 Melanius of Rennes, 214 Mandatum, 105–7 Mellaricus, vinekeeper, 245 Mandrogerus, magician, 219, 221 Mellaridus, dependent, 246 Manuscript copying, 22, 85 Mellatena, wife of Mellaridus, 246 Marble quarrying, 62 Mellovicus, swineherd, 244–45 Marcellus of Bordeaux, 20 Membrana, 27, 58 Marcellus of Die, 191–92 Memorius, priest, 130 Marcoleifus, son of Totno, 246 Menander, playwright, 57, 78 Marcovicus, dependent, 245 Mental illness, 221 Marculfus, compiler, 107 Meratena, slave, 245 Marcus Aurelius, emperor, 1 Merchants, 47–48, 52, 66, 118 Marius of Avenches, chronicler, 9 Mercurinus, 46 Mark Antony, 118 Mercury, god, 194 Marlenheim, villa, 228 , Frankish prince, 225–26 Maroveus of Poitiers, 200–201, 203, Merovingians, 66 208, 234 Merumvastis, slave, 245 Marriage, 64–65, 68, 93–95, 100, 102, Meshach, 147 106–7, 126–27, 129, 162, 165, 172, Messages, verbal, 58 179, 189–90, 194, 200, 204–6, 213 Messala, consul, 190 Index 293

Metaphor, 81 Nonnio, vinekeeper, 246 Michael, archangel, 189, 191 Noonday demon, 148, 224 Middle Ages, 1 Noricum, 75, 183 Milan, 88 Notitia dignitatum, 117 Miletus, 47, 51 Novempopulana, 44, 125 Military service, 174 Numantia, 240 Militia, 13, 76 Numidia, 240 Millenarianism, 203 Nuns, 234 Miracles, 149, 205, 229–30 Nym‹us, husband of Serena, 37, Missionaries, 156 44–46, 54, 70 Moabites, 162 Moderatus, dependent, 245 Odovacar, barbarian chieftain, 183 Momociacum, 247 Of‹ces, church, 48 Monacha, 200 Olybrius, consul, 13 Monacharius, son of Bebrimodus, 245 Olybrius, Q. Clodius Hermogenianus, Monasteries, monasticism, 84, 103, 13 168–74, 200–206, 208–10, 239 Ommatius, son of Ruricius, 80 Monulfus, dependent, 244 On My Faith, 6 Monumenta Germaniae historica, ix On Orthography, 19–20 Mora, wife of Bebrimodus, 245 On the Apocalypse of the Blessed John, Mosomagum, 247 6 Municipales, 12, 42 On the Thousand Years, 6 Muta, dependent, 244 Optatus of Milevis, ix Mutilation, 228 Orange, 150, 229 Oratory, 33 Namatius, husband of Ceraunia, 61 Orient, 207 Namatius of Clermont, 61, 182 Orientius of Auch, 125 Nantes, 53, 73, 232 Origen, theologian, 24 Narbonensis, Narbonne, 16, 73, Originalis, 15, 64 125–26 Orléans, 230 Narbonensis Prima, 126 , historian, 125 Necessitas, 80, 88 Orpheus, Greek hero, 79 Necromancy, 211, 225–27 Ostiarius, 48 Nestor, king of Pylos, 118 , 82 New men, 114, 119 Otium, 13 Nicene Creed, 155 Nicetius, orator, 77 Paeonius, 43, 89, 119 Nicetius of Lyon, 188 Paganism, 34, 76, 109, 113, 122, 125, Nifastes, dependent, 244 141, 144–45, 147, 149–53, 156, 194, Ninevites, 111, 167 217 Niviatena, colona, 243 Pagonii, Roman family, 14 Nobility, 11, 101 Painters, 60–61, 182 Noca, slave, 246 Palestine, 125, 208 Nomenclature, 42, 74, 242 Palladia, wife of Salvian, 107, 110–12 Nonelites, 2 Palladia, wife of Stephanus, 95, 98–100 Nonnana, 200 Palladius, bishop of Irish, 121 294 Index

Palladius, consul, 127 Pientius of Poitiers, 205 Palladius, physician, 28 Pigs, 58–60 Palladius Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus, Pilgrimage, 104, 125, 160 20 Pimeniola, sister of Hilary, 171 Pannonia, 75, 125 Pincii, Roman family, 13 Pantomalus, comic character, 62, 67 Placidia, wife of Mellaricus, 245 Paphis (Aphrodite), 118 Placidina, wife of Apollinaris, 185–87, Papianilla, wife of Sidonius, 7, 71–72, 189 120, 185 Plague, 73, 151–53, 232 Pappolus, vir clarissimus, 248 Plato, philosopher, 18 Papyrus, 26–27, 55, 78, 139 Plautus, playwright, 17, 159 Parchment, 27, 58 Plebeians, 43, 56, 65 Parian marble, 55, 186 Plotinus, philosopher, 18 Paris, 196–97, 206, 211–12, 224, Poema coniugis ad uxorem, 102, 121 229–31 Poem on the Providence of God, 14 Parovius, son of Praetextatus, 245 Poetic license, 32 Pascasiola, wife of Mellovicus, 244 Poetry, 33, 46, 82, 102, 150, 179, 209 Pascentius of Poitiers, 205 Poitiers, 200–203, 206, 208–9, 234–38 Passiacum, villa, 247 Pollux, 116, 118, 221 Paternalism, 172–73 Polychronius of Chartres, 133 Patiens of Lyon, 190 Polychronius of Verdun, 132 Patrician, 12–13, 133–34 Pope, 47, 84, 182 Patrick, St., 54, 121, 124, 127 Portus, 243, 247 , ix Possessor, priest, 52–54, 56, 127 Patronage, 18, 47, 50–51, 53, 58, 65, 100, Postconsulate, 181 131, 135, 153, 180, 191–92, 201, 234 Potens, 15, 43, 113, 115 Paul, apostle, 28, 166 Potentia, 14, 43 Paulinus, consul, 74 Praecepta artis rhetoricae, 20 Paulinus of Nola, 6, 102, 172–74, 193 Praedestinatus, 216 Paulinus of Pella, 240 Praepositus sacri cubiculi, 238 Paulinus of Périgueux, 21 Praesidius, Visigothic of‹cial, 61 Paulus, priest, 132 Praetextatus, grandson of Remigius, Paupers, 244, 247 245 Pavia, 75 Praetor, 243 Pelagius, heresiarch, 216 Praetorian prefect, 77 Penance, 166 Predestination, 123, 144 Pepodianism, 215 Prefect of , 13 Pepuza, Pepuzites, 216–17 Priests, 11, 48, 119, 156, 247 Perjury, 138 Princeps of‹cii, 44–45 Perpetuus of Tours, 21, 103 Principius of , 243, 245 Persecution, 142 Priscilla, St., 217 Personalities, 2, 10 Priscillian of Avila, heresiarch, 217–18 Peter, apostle, 28, 92, 145, 183, 198 Priscillianism, 217 Phaedra, wife of Theseus, 51 Priscus of Lyon, 182, 188–89 Pherrasii, Roman family, 14 Prison, 225 Philosophy, 18, 170 Privatus, 115 Picts, 122–23 Privatus of Mende, 222 Index 295

Privilege, 42–43 Ransom, 54, 95, 123, 127, 131, 207, Proba, Anicia Faltonia, 13, 17, 74 246 Proba, Aurelia, 74 Raphael, angel, 162 Proba, Faltonia Betitia, 16, 38, 74 Ravenna, 104 Proba, virgin of Rome, 74 Reading, 182 Proba of Lyon, 73–74, 150 Rebecca, 161, 164 Probinus, Anicius, consul, 13 Reburri, Roman family, 14 Probus, Anicius, consul, 13 Refugees, 108, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, Probus, consul, 94 170, 175, 185, 216 Probus, Sextus Petronius, 13 Regnal years, 47 Procula, daughter of Euchrotia, 218 Reims, 73, 125, 135, 155, 195, 242–45, Procula, widow, 184 247 Proculus, agent of Radegonde, 206 Relics, 142, 147, 200, 207 Profutura, relative of Remigius, 247 Religious life, 61, 93, 104, 107, 158, Profuturus, colonus, 243, 245, 247 160–61, 164, 172, 174, 198–99 Property management, 55–56, 93–94, Remigia, relative of Remigius, 246 104, 106, 135, 137–38, 173, 176, 183, Remigius of Reims, 7, 135, 166, 168, 187, 202–3, 212 195–96, 242–43, 248 Prophecy, 224–27, 230–33 Renatus Profuturus Frigeridus, histo- , 9, 102 rian, 8 Prosper Tiro, 9 Reovalis, physician, 238 Protadius, son of Heraclius, 82 Rhetoric, 8, 31, 81, 108, 149, 154 Provence, 40, 47 Rhine River, 125, 127 Provinciolus, colonus, 243 Rhône River, 82 Prudens, slave trader, 66 Robin Hood, 233 Prudentius, colonus, 243 Rodez, 185 Prudentius, poet, 24 Rogations, 212 Psalmista, 48 , x, 2–3 Pseudo-Christ, 232 Romania, 125–26 Pseudo-Mary, 232–33 Roman Republic, 125, 165, 243 Pudens, friend of Sidonius, 64–65 Romans, 3, and passim Pugillares, 58 Rome, 6, 74, 81, 87, 125, 159, 165, 181, Pylos, 118 243 Pyrenees, 125 Roscia, daughter of Sidonius, 71 Pythia, 225–27 Ruricius of Limoges, ix, 4, 7, 24–25, Pytho, serpent, 225 27–30, 53–54, 58–59, 61–63, 79–82, 88, 90–91, 102–3, 118, 127–31 Quadi, 125 Rustica, child, 73 Querolus, 17–20, 24, 26, 43–44, 62–63, Rustica, wife of Germanus, 165, 173 114–15, 117, 219–21 Rustici, family, 22, 224 Quieta, mother-in-law of Salvian, 108, Rusticiolus, vir clarissimus, 248 112 Rusticula, child, 73 Quintianus of Rodez, 133, 185 Rusticus, epistolographer, 20, 22, 24, Quintilla, St., 217 40, 45, 86 Rusticus, slave, 39–40 Radegonde, Frankish queen, 199–210, Rusticus, son of Taurentius, 26 234, 237–38 Rusticus, student, 81 296 Index

Rusticus, Visigothic of‹cial, 61 Serena, wife of Nym‹us, 44–46 Rusticus of Clermont, 223 Serfs, 60 Rusticus of Lyon, 22 Servius Galba, 111 Rutilius Namatianus, 17–19, 26 Setia, villa, 246–47 Severiana, daughter of Sidonius, 72–73 Saba, Arabia, 190 Severianus, Julius, 20, 33 Sabaria, 75 Severinus, St., 75, 183–84 Sabines, 111 Seville, 74 Saintes, 61 Shadrach, 147 , 28, 152, 170–71, 186, 194, 199, Shunammite maiden, 163 208, 210, 219, 221–23, 230–31, 233, Sicily, 192 and passim , author, 4, 6–8, Saix, villa, 199 10, 16–18, 21–22, 26, 38, 43, 47, 49, Salic Law, 138 52, 54, 56, 58, 64–65, 67, 71–73, Sallust, historian, 20 77–79, 81–82, 86–87, 89, 103, , son of Eucherius, 82–85 119–20, 133, 157, 168, 185, 187, Salutations, epistolographic, 22, 60 192–93, 198, 206, 219, 239, 242 Salvian of Marseille, 7, 22, 43, 83–86, Sigeric, Visigothic chieftain, 126 107–8, 111–12, 172, 175–76 Sigibert, Frankish king, 68, 200–201, Salvius Julianus, jurist, 243 204, 206–7, 209, 226 Sanctimonialis, 200 Sigismund, Burgundian king, 95–99, Sapaudus, child, 73 197 Sapphira, 203 Silphium, 39 Sarah, a Mede, 162, 164 Simplicianus of Milan, 147 Sardanapallus, comic character, Simplicius, uncle of Sidonius, 56–57 219–21 Sindilla, swineherd, 58–60 Sardinia, 97 Sisinnius, archdeacon, 132 Sarmatians, 125 Sisinnius, deacon, 145–47 Satan, 122, 208, 216 Slavery, slaves, 15, 42, 54, 60, 62–67, Satire, 13 76–77, 118, 127, 133, 211, 223, 227, Saturn, god, 147, 194 239–40 Saturninus of Toulouse, 223 Social change, 3, 42, 46, 95, 114, 119, , 54, 125 124, 174, 178, 210–11, 217, 219, 232, Scheda, 27 242 Scholae, 76 Social relations, 2–3, 48–49, 141, 184 Scipio Aemilianus, 239–40 Society, 11, 16, 106, 113, 140, 148, 211, Scotland, Scots, 122–23 219 Scripture, 173 Soissons, 135, 247 Sea monsters, 229 Solidi, 101, 123, 138, 244, 246–47 Secundicerius, 117 Solomon, book of, 226 Sedatus of Nîmes, 28–30 Solomon, Hebrew king, 190 Sejanus, prefect, 240 Soothsaying, 220–21, 225 Senate of Rome, 11, 93–94 Sorcery, 218, 227–29 Senators, 11–15, 35, 41, 43, 47, 67, 93, Sortes biblicae, 225 120 Sortes vergilianae, 225 Sens, 60 Sources chretiennes, ix Septimima, nurse, 228 Spain, 4, 125, 151, 153, 160, 209, 217 Index 297

Sparagildis, wife of Flavianus, 246 Terence, playwright, 57, 78, 86 Sparta, 38 Testaments, 202, 242–43 Spartacus, gladiator, 87 Teudonivia, dependent, 245 Spatharius, 100 Teudorosera, wife of Capalinus, 245 Speratus, priest, 215 Thalassius of Nantes, 53 Spire, 125 Thaumastus, uncle of Sidonius, 192 Status, 42, 46, 64, 70, 91–92, 113–14, Theft, 58–60, 63 185, 210 Theodebert, Frankish king, 196, Statuta ecclesiae antiqua, 214 212–14 Stephanus, Burgundian of‹cial, 95, Theoderic, Ostrogothic king, 183 97–100 Theoderic I, Frankish king, 21, 167, Stephen, St., 113, 182 185, 187–88, 212–13 Stipendium, 174 Theodorus of Marseille, 222 St-Paulien, 233 Theodosian Code, 68, 76, 93, 100, Strasbourg, 125 104–5, 115, 117, 136–37, 139 Subdeacons, 48, 244, 247 Theodosius I, emperor, 125–26 Subscriptions, 13, 66, 101, 137, 247 Theodosius II, emperor, 104, 127, 139 Suevi, 127, 154 Theodosius of Auxerre, 166 Suffronia, colona, 243 Theodovald, son of Chlodomer, 197 Sui iuris, 93–94, 100, 105 Therasia, wife of Paulinus, 172, 193 Suippe River, 244 Thérouanne, 125 Sulpicius Alexander, historian, 8 Theseus, Greek hero, 51 Sulpicius Severus, hagiographer, 7, 9, Theutharius, priest, 236 75–76, 217 Thuringians, 156, 199–200 Sunnegysilis, count of the stables, 228 Tiberius, emperor, 193, 240 Sunnias, priest, 152 Timotheus, count, 136 Sunnoveifa, captive, 246 Timothy, martyr, 247–48 Supernatural, 218–19, 221, 223, 232 Titius, 118 Superstition, 215, 229, 239 Tityrus, 79 Susanna, wife of Priscus, 182, 188–89, Tlepolemos, brother of Hieron, 192 215 Tobit, book of, 162 Syagrii, family, 42 Togati, 44, 116 Syagrius of Soissons, 135 Tonantius Ferreolus, prefect, 24 Sycophant, comic character, 219–21 Tonsure, 197–98 Symmachus, senator, 6 Torture, 159–60, 228, 240 Totno, dependent, 246 Talpusiacum, villa, 246 Tottio, dependent, 245 Tanaquil, Etruscan queen, 192–93 Toul, 34, 39–40 Taracii, Roman family, 14 Toulouse, 28, 103, 137 Tarquinius Priscus, 193 Tournai, 125, 135 Taurentius, 24–25, 27, 58 Tours, 9, 102, 107, 130, 196, 199, 202, Taxes, 15, 64–65, 77, 115, 191 206, 226, 234–35, 244 Telekinesis, 229 Tragedy, 117 Temple, Jewish, 148 Transvestite, 238 Tenaicus, colonus, 243 Treason, 192 Teneursolus, dependent, 245 Trent, 143 Tenneredus, colonus, 244 Tribunal, 159–60 298 Index

Tributarius, 15, 64 Vincent, St., 224–25 Triduum, 139 Vincentius of Lérins, 83–84, 171 Trier, 34–35, 73, 108, 174, 218 Vindonissa, 246 Trinity, 98, 147, 196, 203, 242, 248 Vinofeista, colona, 244 Troyes, 66, 171 Vir clarissimus, 12, 35 True Cross, 200, 207–9 Virgin birth, 162 Virginity, 123, 164, 229, 234 Uddulfus, colonus, 244 Virgin sacri‹ce, 162 Urbicus of Riez, 40 Vir gloriosus, 12 Ursus, a Gaul, 68–70 Vir inlustris, 12, 17, 35, 76, 81, 88, 125, Ursus, archdeacon, 247 181 Vir laudabilis, 106 Vacculiacum, villa, 244 Vir magni‹cus, 79 Val di Non, 142 Vir spectabilis, 12, 34–35 Valens, emperor, 93 Virtues, 179 Valentine, 44 Visigard, Lombard princess, 213 Valentinian I, emperor, 93 , 54, 61, 87–89, 103, 120, Valerianus, priest, 132 125–27, 129, 136–37, 152, 156, 185, , 97, 120, 125, 127, 154 188, 196 Vargi, 66, 121, 127, 239 Vitalinus, 73 Varro, author, 24 Vitalis, colonus, 246 Vasans, cook, 246 Viteredus, slave, 245 Vegetius, military writer, ix of Lyon, 31–34, 82 Vellum, 27 Volumen, 27 Venantius Fortunatus, hagiographer, Volusianus of Tours, 102–3, 193 ix, 200, 205–6, 209 Vongensis, 247 , 85 Vouillé, 89, 137, 185 Venerandus of Clermont, 223 Veranus, son of Eucherius, 83, 85 Wacho, king of Lombards, 213 Verdun, 132, 213 , 122 Vergil, poet, 4, 13, 16, 23, 30–33, 68, Wergeld, 101, 247 79, 194, 225 Widows, 61, 176 Vernivianus, dependent, 244 Widragasius, dependent, 245 Verres, governor, 192 Wilderness, 168–69 Verus of Orange, 147 Wisdom of ben Sirah, book of, 161 Veterinary science, 20 Witchcraft, 228, 231 “Vexilla regis prodeunt,” 209 Women, 2, 7, 34, 42, 61, 68, 70–71, Victorinus, martyr, 55, 186 81–82, 91–94, 102, 104–7, 112, Victorinus of Fréjus, 130–31 114, 158, 160, 178–82, 187–90, Victorius, count and duke, 87 193, 210–12, 214–18, 223–26, Victor of Tonnena, 9 230–31, 233–34, 236, 239, 241, and Victor of Vita, ix passim Vienne, 21, 73, 88, 92, 180 Worms, 125 Vigilius of Trent, 142–43, 146 Writing tablets, 58 Vigils, 63, 200, 207, 212 Vilicus of Metz, 40 Zeno, emperor, 6

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