®FERRO. Where innovation delivers performance™

Technical Information

Flat Glass Ferro: enhancing life through superior materials performance Headquartered in Mayfeld Heights, Ohio, USA, Ferro Corporation is a world leading producer of Performance Materials, with operations in 20 countries across Europe, Asia and the Americas.

We apply core technologies in organic and Meeting the needs of the Color World calls for inorganic chemistry to develop leading market great foresight, fexibility and innovation … positions in a diverse range of industries. • Our global presence is a strong competitive Our mission is “to achieve market leadership advantage. Technical, marketing and management through a customer-focused and highly creative personnel are in continuous contact with customers organisation committed to delivering top quality in every major region. Multinational customers can products and outstanding services to customers be assured of standard products and consistent worldwide”. quality wherever they have operations.

Our materials are used to add value to, and to • We co-ordinate our R&D activities globally and improve the performance of products in a variety use our international talent to ensure that product of end markets including building and renova- specifcations and performance are designed tion, home appliances, cookware, giftware and to satisfy the specifc requirements demanded by tableware, transportation, household furnishings, regional markets. leisure, electronics and industrial products. • Ferro views the world-wide concern for the en- We are among the world’s leading suppliers of vironment as an opportunity to develop improved ceramic glazes and colors, glass decoration, products and also to participate in chemical indus- speciality glasses and porcelain enamel coatings. try effor ts to address public concern. Environmen- We pioneered the development of forehearth tal concerns are a major driving force behind the color technology for coloring of glass. evolution of our lead- and cadmium-free technolo- gy and our low VOC decoration systems. Our global commitment to quality, reliability, inno- vation and personal customer care is founded on • The markets we cover are extremely service- over 80 years of experience in serving the changing intensive. Ferro has established regional color needs of industry, from our international network matching, blending/pasting and technical support of manufacturing plants and service centres. Our facilities, to provide the level of service demanded commitment to quality management has been by our customers in all time zones. recognised with the award of ISO9001 accredita- tion to all of our global manufacturing and research Think of us as High Performance Partners facilities. to manufacturers around the world …

... Helping to create and enhance many of the products you use and enjoy every day of your life. ®FERRO. Where innovation delivers performance

Technical Information FG01

Performance Colors & Glass

Performance Colors & Glass Flat Glass Enamel Decoration Systems

Main Markets Content

Ferro’s flat glass colors are specially formulated for Flat Glass Enamel Decoration Systems 1-2 decoration of glass during the tempering process.  Main Markets Our products are designed for  Global Product Systems  Lead-free Technology  domestic appliance glass – oven doors, control  Lead-free Guarantees panels, refrigerator and freezer shelves, microwave doors… Ferro Decoration Systems 3-17  architectural glass – spandrel panels, shower  Lead-free and Cadmium-free Color Chart screens, advertising, internal glass doors and  System 140 Standard Intermixable partitions Lead-Free Range  s1de ONE Intermixable Range  glass furniture – tabletops, kitchen cabinets, wall  LustReflex cupboard doors, display cabinets….  RAL Shades  NCS Shades

Global Product Systems Basic Properties 18-21  Thermal Expansion Ferro has rationalised its color ranges to create a  Firing Temperature number of Global Product Systems.  Durability

The market trend and our recommendation is toward Methods of Use and Recommendations 22-26 the increasing use of our new generation lead-free  Screenprinting systems.  Roller-coating  Spraying The basic components and final colors from these  Curtain-coating ranges are made at our major manufacturing sites around the world and controlled according to Decoration Medium Systems 27-28 standard Ferro processes and specifications.  Water-soluble In this way, we control quality standards to the  Water-based exacting requirements specified by our customers  Oil-based and the final end user markets. Weathering Test Procedures 29-34

Decoration Equipment 35-36

Literature References 37

The Complete Ferro Package for Glass 38 page 2/38

Lead-Free Technology These programs have already led to significant improvements in brightness and chemical durability Ferro was the first glass color supplier to offer lead- for our heavy metal-free enamels. Beside that, the free enamels for flat glass. innovation program has resulted in our new hi- The current generation of products, which benefit durable s1de ONE enamels for decoration of the from recent technology advances, are lead-free and exterior side of glass facades. This system is cadmium-free, designed to: delivering a new range of exciting special effects to the architect.  satisfy the needs of glass manufacturers and decorators arising from the latest legislation for Health & Safety in the workplace Lead-Free Guarantees  satisfy the needs of the end markets – especially building and appliance glass - arising from the  Our System140 and s1de ONE glass enamels are latest legislation designed to be heavy metal free, which means  reinforce our commitment to the Chemical that they do not contain intentional additions of Industry’s Responsible Care program, in relation Pb, Cd, CrVI and Hg. They are provided with the to the health and safety of our own workforce following guarantees to meet the requirements and to the protection of the environment of the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU:  Pb, CrVI, Hg: max. content 1000 ppm; Our R&D teams are working on continuous  Cd max. content 100 ppm improvements in our technologies and final product systems to support the replacement of the traditional lead-containing products.

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Ferro’s Decoration Systems for Flat

Glass

System140 Lead-Free Colors Intermixable colors that meet the requirements of Ferro’s basic color ranges are designed to provide the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EUROHS, our customers with the flexibility they need to satisfy including etch & metallic-effects their individual processing and market requirements.

Where customers prefer to make their own “in- System140 Plus house” color matchings, we recommend our System140+ cadmium-containing red, orange and intermixable color systems. These comprise yellow colors standardised colors that are intermixable, to achieve the widest possible color range. System140 Plus is an extended lead-free range, introduced by request for customers specifying The base Systems consist of white, black and several bright shades, containing cadmium. A big advantage chromatic enamels, all of which are formulated with of System140 Plus is that our Cd-containing colors strict controls to minimise color drift, resulting in are well intermixable with our Cd-free colors of superior lot-to-lot consistency. System140.

Most of the markets we serve have moved to our s1de ONE Lead-free, Cadmium-free, Hi - lead-free System140 colors for environmental Durable Colors reasons and because of existing or impending Fully intermixable lead-free colors for Surface 1 Governmental regulation.

This new color range is specially developed for As an additional value-added service, we are offering Surface 1 application and all s1de ONE colors have a computerised Datacolor matching system for our extremely high chemical and weathering resistance, System140 as well as s1de ONE, which includes a full compared with traditional flat glass enamels. This package of software, with colorimetric data for the allows them to be used for first surface applications, standards and many color matchings. where the decoration is applied to exterior surfaces directly exposed to the elements. For customers who prefer us to make their color

These resistant colors can also be used to produce matchings for them, our local technical service interesting designs for kitchen work surfaces. teams offer the additional option of custom-color Compared to conventional flat glass enamels applied matching. on Surface 2 and viewed through the glass, s1de ONE enamels provide architects with a much wider range of design possibilities and special effects. LustReflex Hi-reflective coatings Durable colors replicating effects such as wood, Screen-printable semi-mirror coatings stone and metal are now within reach for the architectural designer. LustReflex is a chemically durable partially transparent mirror coating which is screen-printable The reflection properties of these enamels provide and roller-coatable and provides a cost-effective the big advantage to remove extensively the typical alternative to similar coatings applied by PVD mirror effect of glass facades. The surface properties (‘sputter’) or CVD. of s1de ONE enable interesting design combinations By its very nature, LustReflex allows the application to be achieved when coupled with the natural of mirror patterns in combination with other colors transparency and reflection of the glass. and designs. LustReflex can be used in glass design for appliance, architectural and furniture markets and works well in combination with System 140. Two variants are currently available - Gold LustReflex TLU0055A and Silver LustReflex TLU0050A, which because of its hardness is also suitable for outside application.

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Mixability and Color Shades

1. System140 Intermixable Product Range

Product Color Shade Reference Base colors 11 4000 Light Green 11 4002 Blue-Green 11 4003 Green 12 4000 Dark Blue 12 4002 Royal Blue (semitransparent) 12 4003 Traffic Blue 13 4002 Yellow 13 4003 Lemon Yellow 13 4004 Maize Yellow 14 4001 Black (recommended mix black) 15 4001 Dark Grey 16 4000 Chocolate Brown 17 4000 Red-Brown 19 4002 White (recommended mix white) Intensive Colors 14 4011 High Opaque Black 14 4012 Very High Opaque Black 19 4011 High Opaque White Transparent 10 4001 Colorless White Imitation Etch 19 4020 Standard Etch Use 90-48 (90T) 19 4022* Special Etch Screen for etches Metallic effect colors 13 4030 Gold 48-70 (48T) mesh 15 4030 Sterling Silver per cm screen 16 4030 Bronze recommended 17 4030 Red for ‘metallics’ 19 4030 Silver

(* 19 4022 Etch has optimum light diffusion; enhanced, wider firing range)

2. System140 Plus Brilliant Cadmium-Containing Intermixable Colors

Product Color Shade Reference Opaque colors 13 4090 Yellow 17 4090 Carmine Red 17 4091 Traffic Red 17 4095 Pure Orange

 System140 colors are free of intentional added System140 delivers a range of colors with optimum lead and cadmium opacity and gloss after firing. Intermixing with  They are intermixable in all proportions. transparent flux 10 198 can create more gloss and  Black 14 4001 is recommended as a mixing black increases in translucency (lower opacity).  White 19 4002 is recommended as a mixing white. We urge caution when creating translucent mixes and/or using our Cd-containing colors from With our intermixable lead-free colors, a minimum System140 Plus, and always recommend full testing number of standards can create the widest range of and firing under production conditions, with full- color shades. In all cases, we always recommend sized glass, prior to final approval. that our standards and mixes are test fired before committing them to production scale-up.

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Processing parameters - e.g. applied film layer Enamels are made in batch processing with certain thickness, drying and furnace set-up conditions specified tolerances. Based on that, small color (glass loading, atmosphere, firing position) - can shade variations from batch to batch are possible. each influence the color shade after firing. Especially For large projects we therefore offer to produce the Cd-containing colors are sensitive to both kiln set-up complete needed enamel quantity in one batch to and residues at the glass surface. Color tone is also prevent such variations. influenced by the surface treatment of the glass. For float glass, decorating on the Sn-side (tin bath side) Ferro System140 represents the state-of-the-art in results in a different color shade than on the air-side environmentally-friendly decoration of flat glass, for of the glass. architectural, appliance and furniture glass

3. s1de ONE Basic Intermixable Product Range

Product Color Shade Reference Base colors 11 4101 Green 12 4101 Royal blue (semitransparent) 13 4100 Yellow 14 4100 Black 17 4100 Red-brown 19 4100 White Imitation Etch 19 4120 Etch – use 90-48 (90T) screen

We recommend in general that customers test the 4. System140 Recommended Mixtures s1de ONE colors under specific factory production conditions. Using our unique Datacolor computer color By using combinations of the standard free matching system, we have built a comprehensive intermixable colors, our s1de ONE colors can be used portfolio of mixings based on the intermixable to re-create interesting special effects, most notably System140 lead-free colors. Matchings for some wood and stone imitations. important RAL and NCS shades are included in the

following pages. All the colors have been tested according with the The mixing recommendations for the referenced RAL test norms applicable for architectural glass. Test and NCS numbers are indicative based on laboratory results are available from our technical service teams. experimentation. In general for such Additionally, the base colors have been tested for recommendations, recipes based on different basic exterior exposure using typical architectural enamel combinations might exist. We recommend durability tests, such as the EN1096-2 norm. that the mixed shades be tested under customer Based on these tests, a warranty statement can be specific conditions of application and firing. provided for exterior decorations on building glass. Actual results will depend on production conditions like glass type, enamel layer thickness, firing conditions, etc. The tests have been made on 6 mm thick glass.

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RAL Shades matched through 6 mm float glass

Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 1000 Green beige 19 4002 81,00 13 4003 18,00 17 4000 1,00 dependend on glass 1001 Beige 13 4002 52,00 19 4002 43,50 17 4000 4,50 ok

1002 Sand yellow 13 4002 64,20 19 4002 31,00 17 4000 4,80 ok

1003 Signal yellow 13 4090 92,50 17 4095 7,50 ok

1004 Golden yellow

1005 Honey yellow 13 4090 90,00 17 4091 9,50 14 4001 0,50 best possible

1006 Maize yellow 13 4090 93,00 17 4091 5,00 17 4090 2,00 best possible

1006 Maize yellow 13 4004 100,00 ok, Cd- free 13 4004

1007 Daffodil yellow 13 4090 92,00 17 4091 8,00 best possible

1011 Brown beige 13 4002 72,80 17 4000 17,50 11 4000 9,70 best possible

1012 Lemon yellow 13 4090 76,00 19 4002 20,00 17 4091 4,00 best possible

1012 Lemon yellow 13 4002 97,40 17 4000 2,60 best possible

1013 Oyster white 19 4002 98,00 17 4000 1,00 13 4003 1,00 best possible VJN 9092

1014 Ivory 13 4003 56,30 19 4002 40,80 17 4000 2,90 best possible

1015 Light ivory 19 4002 74,00 13 4003 23,50 17 4091 2,50 best possible

1016 Sulfur yellow 13 4090 70,00 19 4002 30,00 best possible VJN 3013

1017 Saffron yellow 13 4090 80,00 17 4095 10,00 19 4002 10,00 best possible

1018 Zinc yellow 13 4090 88,00 19 4002 10,00 17 4091 2,00 best possible

1019 Grey beige 19 4002 47,20 13 4002 42,70 17 4000 8,40 14 4001 1,70 best possible VJN 6261

1020 Olive yellow 13 4002 73,80 19 4002 20,30 17 4000 3,90 14 4001 2,00 best possible

1021 Rape yellow VJN 3014 100,00 best possible VJN 3014

1023 raffic yellow 13 4090 95,00 17 4095 5,00 ok

1024 Ochre yellow 13 4002 76,40 13 4003 17,50 17 4000 6,10 best possible

1026 Luminous yellow Currently not feasable

1027 Curry 13 4090 74,00 17 4000 22,00 11 4002 4,00 better feasible

1028 Melon yellow

1032 Broom yellow

1033 Dahlia yellow

1034 Pastel yellow 13 4090 50,00 19 4002 38,00 17 4091 12,00 best possible

1035 Pearl beige 15 4030 60,00 13 4030 40,00 ok VJN 5039

1036 Pearl gold 13 4030 80,00 15 4030 20,00 ok VJN 5105

1037 Sun yellow

2000 Yellow orange 13 4090 71,00 17 4091 19,00 19 4002 10,00 best possible VJN 3008

2001 Red orange 13 4090 63,20 17 4091 36,80 best possible

2002 Vermilion 17 4091 80,00 13 4090 20,00 ok VJN 3012

2003 Pastel orange 17 4095 60,00 19 4002 40,00 best possible

2004 Pure orange 17 4095 100,00 ok

2005 Luminous orange currently not feasible

2007 Lumin. bright orange currently not feasible

page 7/38

Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 2008 Bright red orange

2009 Traffic orange 17 4095 100,00 ok 17 4095

2010 Signal orange 13 4090 70,00 17 4091 30,00 ok

2011 Deep orange

2012 Salmon orange 17 4091 47,00 13 4090 31,00 19 4002 22,00 best possible

2013 Pearl orange 17 4030 80,00 16 4030 20,00 ok

3000 Flame red 17 4091 80,00 17 4090 20,00 ok VJN 7113

3001 Signal red 17 4091 80,00 17 4090 20,00 ok VJN 7113

3002 Carmine red 17 4091 80,00 17 4090 20,00 ok VJN 7113

3003 Ruby red 17 4090 75,00 13 4090 25,00 best possible VJN 7111

3004 Purple red 17 4091 44,00 12 4002 36,00 17 4090 16,00 16 4000 4,00 best possible

3005 Wine red 17 4090 38,00 12 4002 36,00 17 4091 26,00 best possible

3007 Black red 12 4002 44,00 17 4091 30,00 14 4001 18,00 17 4090 8,00 ok

3009 Oxide red 17 4000 77,00 12 4002 23,00 best possible VJN 6243

3011 Brown red 17 4090 67,50 17 4091 22,50 16 4000 10,00 ok

3012 Beige red 13 4003 40,00 19 4002 36,00 17 4091 best possible

3013 Tomato red 17 4091 61,40 17 4000 22,20 17 4090 15,00 13 4090 1,40 ok

3014 Antique pink 19 4002 50,00 17 4091 40,00 17 4090 10,00 best possible

3015 Light pink 19 4002 85,00 17 4090 15,00 best possible

3016 Coral red 17 4091 53,30 13 4003 28,60 17 4090 13,30 17 4000 4,80 ok

3017 Rose 19 4002 45,00 17 4091 45,00 17 4090 10,00 best possible

3018 Strawberry red 17 4091 50,00 19 4002 40,00 17 4090 10,00 best possible VJN 7114

3020 Traffic red 17 4091 100,00 ok 17 4091

3022 Salmon pink 13 4003 40,00 19 4002 36,00 17 4091 24,00 best possible

3024 Luminous red currently not feasible

3026 Luminous bright red currently not feasible

3027 Raspberry red 17 4091 60,00 17 4090 20,00 19 4002 20,00 best possible VJN 7116

3028 Pure red 17 4091 82,00 13 4090 18,00 best possible

3031 Orient red 17 4091 68,00 17 4090 14,00 19 4002 10,00 12 4002 8,00 best possible

3032 Pearl ruby red

3033 Pearl pink 17 4030 80,00 13 4030 20,00 ok

4001 Red lilac currently not feasible

4002 Red violet 17 4090 80,00 19 4002 20,00 best possible

4003 Heather violet currently not feasible

4004 Claret violet currently not feasible

4005 Blue lilac currently not feasible

4006 Traffic purple currently not feasible

4007 Purple violet 12 4002 70,00 17 4091 24,00 17 4090 6,00 best possible

4008 Signal violet currently not feasible

page 8/38

Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 4009 Pastel violet 19 4002 63,00 17 4090 23,00 12 4002 14,00 ok

4010 Telemagenta currently not feasible

4011 Pearl violet currently not feasible

4012 Pearl blackberry currently not feasible

5000 Violet blue 12 4002 73,00 19 4002 15,00 17 4000 12,00 best possible

5001 Green blue 12 4002 50,00 12 4000 40,00 14 4001 10,00 ok

5002 Ultramirine blue currently not feasible

5003 Sapphire blue 12 4002 84,80 14 4001 15,20 best possible

5003 Sapphire blue 12 4002 85,00 17 4091 10,00 14 4001 5,00 best possible

5004 Black blue 14 4001 70,00 12 4002 30,00 best possible

5005 Signal blue 12 4002 95,00 17 4091 5,00 ok VJN 2140

5007 Brillant blue 12 4002 76,00 19 4002 15,00 14 4001 9,00 ok

5008 Grey blue 14 4001 55,20 12 4002 29,20 19 4002 8,30 11 4002 7,30 ok

5009 Azure blue 12 4002 59,30 11 4002 24,80 19 4002 9,70 14 4001 6,20 ok

5010 Gentian blue 12 4002 92,00 14 4001 8,00 ok VJN 2260

5011 Steel blue 12 4002 72,50 14 4001 22,50 17 4030 5,00 ok

5012 Light blue 12 4002 70,00 19 4002 27,00 13 4002 3,00 best possible VJN 2271

5013 Cobalt blue currently not feasible

5014 Pigeon blue 12 4002 57,00 19 4002 33,00 17 4000 10,00 ok VJN 2007

5015 Sky blue 12 4002 84,00 19 4002 16,00 best possible VJN 2867

5017 Traffic blue 12 4002 55,00 12 4000 40,00 14 4001 5,00 ok VJN 2099

5018 Turquoise blue 11 4002 50,00 19 4002 40,00 13 4003 10,00 ok

5019 Capri blue 12 4002 68,80 11 4002 12,30 19 4002 11,70 14 4001 7,20 ok VJN 2866

5020 Ocean blue 11 4002 55,00 14 4001 25,00 12 4002 20,00 ok

5021 Water blue 11 4002 50,00 12 4002 27,40 13 4003 22,60 ok

5022 Night blue currently not feasible

5023 Distant blue 12 4002 75,00 19 4002 20,00 17 4000 5,00 best possible

5024 Pastel blue 12 4002 55,00 19 4002 40,00 17 4000 5,00 better feasible

5025 Pearl gentian blue 19 4030 40,00 11 4002 35,00 12 4000 25,00 ok

5026 Pearl night blue currently not feasible

6000 Pastina green 11 4000 52,70 11 4002 36,90 19 4002 10,40 ok VJN 1784

6001 Emerald green 11 4001 64,40 11 4000 19,00 13 4002 16,60 best possible

6002 Leaf green 11 4001 45,00 11 4000 36,00 13 4002 14,00 14 4001 5,00 ok

6003 Olive green 11 4000 40,60 11 4001 37,10 17 4000 21,60 14 4001 0,70 ok

6004 Blue green 11 4002 57,00 11 4000 23,00 14 4001 20,00 ok VJN 1780

6005 Moss green 11 4001 60,00 14 4001 25,00 11 4000 15,00 best possible

6006 Grey olive 14 4001 60,60 13 4002 32,50 17 4000 6,90 ok

6007 Bottle green 11 4000 60,00 14 4001 25,00 16 4000 15,00 best possible

6008 Brown green 16 4000 40,40 11 4000 35,20 14 4001 24,40 best possible

6009 Fir green 14 4001 45,00 11 4001 30,00 11 4000 25,00 ok

6010 Grass green 13 4090 66,00 11 4002 20,00 14 4001 14,00 best possible VJN 1054 page 9/38

Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 6011 Reseda green 11 4000 48,00 13 4003 45,00 14 4001 7,00 best possible

6012 Black green 14 4001 40,80 11 4000 30,90 11 4002 24,80 16 4000 3,50 ok

6013 Reed green 13 4002 45,00 19 4002 22,00 11 4000 22,00 16 4000 11,00 ok

6014 Yellow olive 11 4001 40,00 16 4000 40,00 14 4001 20,00 best possible

6015 Black olive 11 4001 35,00 16 4000 35,00 14 4001 30,00 ok

6016 Turquoise green 11 4001 73,70 11 4002 26,30 ok

6017 May green 11 4000 65,00 13 4002 35,00 ok

6018 Yellow green 13 4003 50,00 11 4000 50,00 better feasible VJN 1871

6018 Yellow green 13 4090 72,00 11 4000 17,00 11 4002 11,00 ok

6019 Pastel green 19 4002 69,30 13 4003 29,20 11 4002 1,50 best possible

6020 Chrome green 11 4000 70,00 14 4001 30,00 best possible VJN 1781

6021 Pale green 19 4002 54,40 13 4003 25,00 11 4000 19,60 14 4001 1,00 best possible VJN 1091

6022 Olive drab 11 4001 35,00 16 4000 45,00 14 4001 20,00 ok

6024 Traffic green 11 4001 90,00 13 4003 10,00 ok

6025 Fern green 13 4003 48,00 11 4000 47,00 14 4001 5,00 ok

6026 Opal green 11 4002 35,00 11 4001 60,00 14 4001 5,00 ok

6027 Light green 19 4002 72,00 11 4002 23,00 13 4003 5,00 better feasible

6028 Pine green 11 4001 74,50 14 4001 22,00 19 4002 3,50 ok

6029 Mint green 11 4001 98,00 14 4001 2,00 ok

6032 Signal green 11 4001 100,00 ok 11 4001

6033 Mint turquoise 11 4001 50,00 19 4002 30,00 12 4000 20,00 ok

6034 Pastel turquoise 19 4002 75,00 11 4002 21,00 13 4003 4,00 ok

6035 Pearl green currently not feasible

6036 Pearl opal green currently not feasible

6037 Pure green currently not feasible

6038 Luminous green currently not feasible

7000 Squirrel grey 19 4002 77,50 14 4001 12,50 12 4002 8,80 17 4000 1,20 ok

7001 Silver grey 19 4002 81,00 12 4002 10,00 17 4000 5,00 14 4001 4,00 ok VJN 5030

7002 Olive grey 13 4002 44,00 19 4002 30,00 16 4000 14,00 11 4001 12,00 ok

7003 Moss grey 13 4002 50,00 19 4002 26,00 14 4001 16,50 17 4000 7,50 ok

7004 Signal grey 19 4002 88,80 14 4001 5,80 17 4000 4,60 13 4002 0,80 ok

7005 Mouse grey 19 4002 55,00 14 4001 17,00 16 4000 15,00 11 4000 13,00 ok VJN 5107

7006 Beige grey 13 4002 36,70 19 4002 28,90 16 4000 26,30 11 4000 8,10 better feasible

7008 Khaki grey 13 4002 65,00 17 4000 15,00 11 4000 11,00 14 4001 9,00 ok

7009 Green grey 11 4000 36,80 19 4002 26,40 14 4001 23,20 17 4000 13,60 ok

7010 Tarpaulin grey 11 4001 32,00 19 4002 28,00 16 4000 25,00 14 4001 15,00 ok

7011 Iron grey 19 4002 40,60 14 4001 33,20 16 4000 14,40 11 4002 11,80 ok

7012 Basalt grey 19 4002 50,00 14 4001 35,00 16 4000 15,00 ok VJN 5103

7013 Brown grey 13 4002 43,00 14 4001 34,00 17 4000 14,00 19 4002 9,00 ok

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Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 7015 Slate grey 14 4001 42,00 19 4002 35,00 16 4000 23,00 ok VJN 5088

7016 Anthracite grey 14 4001 68,00 19 4002 22,00 12 4002 10,00 ok VJN 5230

7021 Black grey 14 4001 90,00 19 4002 10,00 ok VJN 5256

7022 Umbra grey 11 4000 17,00 16 4000 28,70 14 4011 38,70 19 4002 15,60 ok

7023 Concrete grey 19 4002 66,00 16 4000 15,00 11 4000 17,00 12 4002 2,00 best possible

7024 Graphite grey 14 4001 42,90 19 4002 20,80 12 4002 19,50 16 4000 16,80 ok VJN 5005

7026 Granite grey 14 4001 75,00 19 4002 15,00 11 4000 10,00 ok

7030 Stone grey 19 4002 74,00 16 4000 13,00 13 4002 9,00 14 4001 4,00 ok

7031 Blue grey 19 4002 55,00 14 4001 45,00 ok VJN 5064

7032 Pebble grey 19 4002 84,00 13 4002 12,00 16 4000 4,00 ok VJN 5041

7033 Cement grey 19 4002 44,40 13 4002 40,20 14 4001 13,10 16 4000 2,30 ok

7034 Yellow grey 19 4002 43,40 13 4002 42,80 16 4000 8,30 11 4000 5,50 better feasible VJN 5027

7035 Light grey 19 4002 94,00 17 4000 3,50 11 4002 2,50 dependend on VJN 5895 glass 7036 Platinum grey 19 4002 82,00 17 4000 9,00 14 4001 6,00 13 4003 3,00 ok

7037 Dusty grey 19 4002 65,00 14 4001 13,00 13 4002 12,00 16 4000 10,00 ok

7038 Agate grey 19 4002 95,00 14 4001 2,00 16 4000 2,00 11 4000 1,00 ok VJN 5022

7039 Agate grey 19 4002 26,00 16 4000 40,00 11 4001 34,00 ok VJN 5181

7040 Window grey 19 4002 83,00 12 4002 9,00 14 4001 4,00 17 4000 4,00 ok VJN 5176

7042 Traffic grey A 19 4002 85,00 14 4001 10,00 16 4000 5,00 ok VJN 5085

7043 Traffic grey B 14 4001 30,00 16 4000 25,00 19 4002 25,00 11 4001 20,00 ok VJN 5894

7044 Silk grey 19 4002 96,00 16 4000 3,00 11 4000 1,00 ok

7045 Telegrey 1 19 4002 79,00 12 4002 9,00 17 4000 6,00 14 4001 6,00 ok

7046 Telegrey 2 19 4002 76,00 12 4002 10,00 14 4001 7,00 17 4000 7,00 ok VJN 5175

7047 Telegrey 4 19 4011 99,00 17 4000 1,00 dependend on VJN 5272 glass 7048 Pearl mouse grey 15 4030 65,00 19 4030 20,00 16 4030 15,00 ok VJN 5241

8000 Green brown 13 4002 73,00 17 4000 15,20 11 4000 11,80 ok

8001 Ochre brown 13 4002 74,20 17 4000 17,70 11 4000 8,10 best possible VJN 6007

8002 Signal brown 16 4000 50,00 13 4003 35,00 17 4000 15,00 better feasible

8003 Clay brown 13 4002 43,70 17 4000 37,00 11 4000 19,30 best possible

8004 Copper brown 17 4000 60,00 13 4002 40,00 ok

8007 Fawn brown 17 4000 53,20 11 4000 26,80 13 4002 20,00 best possible

8008 Olive brown 13 4002 41,50 17 4000 37,50 11 4000 19,00 14 4001 2,00 ok

8011 Nut brown 16 4000 82,00 17 4000 8,00 13 4002 10,00 ok

8012 Red brown 16 4000 36,00 17 4091 31,00 17 4000 26,00 17 4090 7,00 ok

8014 Sepia brown 16 4000 63,00 11 4000 35,00 14 4001 2,00 ok VJN 6006

8015 Chestnut brown 17 4000 65,00 12 4002 27,00 14 4001 8,00 ok

8016 Mahogany brown 16 4000 100,00 ok 16 4000

8017 Chocolate brown 16 4000 85,00 14 4001 15,00 ok

8019 Grey brown 16 4000 45,00 14 4001 42,00 19 4002 8,00 17 4000 5,00 ok VJN 6260

8022 Black brown 14 4001 91,00 17 4000 9,00 ok

8023 Orange brown 13 4002 62,00 17 4000 38,00 ok page 11/38

Product RAL Shade P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 8024 Beige brown 17 4000 44,50 13 4003 27,30 11 4000 20,00 13 4002 8,20 ok

8025 Pale brown 16 4000 48,00 13 4003 47,00 19 4002 5,00 ok VJN 6002

8028 Terra brown 17 4000 40,50 14 4001 33,20 13 4002 26,30 ok VJN 6233

8029 Pearl copper 17 4030 84,00 16 4030 12,00 14 4001 4,00 ok VJN 6005

9001 Cream 19 4002 98,00 17 4000 1,00 13 4002 1,00 best possible VJN 9046

9002 Grey white 19 4011 94,00 13 4002 4,60 17 4000 1,40 ok VJN 9783

9003 Signal white 19 4011 100,00 best possible 19 4011

9004 Signal black 14 4001 100,00 ok 14 4001

9005 Jet black 14 4011 100,00 ok 14 4011

9006 White aluminium 19 4030 96,00 14 4001 3,00 17 4030 1,00 ok VJN 5204

9007 Grey aluminium 19 4030 80,00 14 4001 12,00 17 4030 8,00 ok VJN 5205

9010 Pure white 19 4002 97,00 13 4003 2,00 16 4000 1,00 best possible VJN 9914

9011 Graphite black 14 4001 96,00 19 4002 4,00 ok

9016 Traffic white 19 4011 100,00 best possible 19 4011

9017 Traffic black 14 4001 100,00 ok 14 4001

9018 Papyrus white 19 4011 97,00 16 4000 2,00 11 4000 1,00 ok

9022 Pearl light grey 19 4030 80,00 14 4001 12,00 15 4030 8,00 ok

9023 Pearl dark grey 19 4030 75,00 14 4001 20,00 15 4030 5,00 ok

For other glass thickness than 6 mm or matching on iron free glass, mix recommendations are as well available. Please ask our sales technician.

page 12/38

NCS Shades

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 19 4011 98,00 11 4001 1,00 11 4002 1,00 0010-B70G 19 4002 97,00 11 4002 3,00 0020-B70G 19 4002 95,00 11 4001 4,00 11 4002 1,00 1020-B70G 19 4002 92,00 12 4002 5,00 17 4000 3,00 2500-N 19 4001 70,00 17 4000 12,00 14 4001 10,00 12 4002 8,00 5000-N 19 4002 68,00 17 4000 12,00 12 4002 10,00 14 4001 10,00 5005-R80B 12 4002 62,00 17 4000 18,00 14 4001 10,00 19 4002 10,00 7010-R70B 11 4002 47,00 14 4001 40,00 11 4000 13,00 7020-B30G 14 4001 50,00 11 4001 25,00 11 4002 15,00 11 4000 10,00 8010-B70G 14 4001 65,00 16 4000 30,00 19 4002 5,00 8500-N

19 4002 99,00 13 4002 1,00 low iron glass * S 0502-B 19 4002 98,00 13 4002 2,00 low iron glass * S 0502-G 19 4002 98,00 13 4002 2,00 low iron glass S 0502-Y

19 4002 98,70 13 4003 1,30 S 0505-B20G

19 4002 98,00 17 4000 2,00 S 0505-R 19 4002 94,00 13 4002 5,00 17 4000 1,00 low iron glass S 0505-Y50R 19 4002 98,00 12 4002 2,00 S 0507-R80B 19 4002 98,00 11 4002 2,00 low iron glass S 0510-B30G 19 4002 99,00 11 4002 1,00 S 0510-B50G

19 4002 96,40 13 4003 3,60 S 0510-B90G

19 4002 96,00 11 4001 4,00 S 0510-G10Y

19 4002 99,00 17 4000 1,00 S 0510-R60B

19 4002 65,00 13 4002 35,00 low iron glass S 0520-G80Y

19 4002 98,00 12 4002 2,00 S 0520-R80B

19 4002 93,00 12 4002 7,00 S 0525-R90B 19 4002 69,30 13 4003 29,20 11 4002 1,50 S 0530-G30Y 19 4002 90,00 12 4002 10,00 S 0530-R90B 12 4000 90,00 19 4002 10,00 S 0540-B10G 19 4002 99,20 16 4000 0,80 low iron glass S 1000-N 19 4002 98,00 13 4002 2,00 low iron glass S 1002-G 19 4002 99,00 11 4001 0,50 14 4001 0,50 S 1005-B20G 19 4002 99,00 11 4001 1,00 low iron glass S 1005-G 19 4002 99,00 14 4001 1,00 low iron glass S 1005-R80B 19 4002 98,00 14 4001 1,00 16 4000 1,00 S 1005-R80B

19 4002 98,00 11 4002 2,00 low iron glass S 1010-B10G 19 4002 99,00 11 4002 1,00 S 1010-B50G

19 4002 99,00 11 4001 1,00 S 1010-B70G

19 4002 98,30 11 4000 1,20 13 4002 0,50 S 1010-B90G 19 4002 95,00 13 4003 5,00 S 1010-G10Y page 13/38

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 19 4002 80,00 13 4002 20,00 low iron glass S 1010-G90Y

19 4002 97,00 17 4090 2,00 12 4002 1,00 S 1010-R60B 19 4002 96,00 12 4000 3,00 12 4002 1,00 S 1020-B 19 4002 94,00 11 4002 6,00 low iron glass S 1020-B10G 19 4002 95,00 11 4001 5,00 S 1020-B90G 19 4002 53,40 13 4003 46,00 17 4000 0,60 low iron glass S 1020-Y 13 4090 72,00 17 4091 28,00 low iron glass S 1020-Y30R 19 4002 90,00 12 4002 10,00 S 1030-B 19 4002 90,00 11 4002 10,00 low iron glass S 1030-B10G 19 4002 86,20 11 4002 9,60 13 4003 4,20 S 1030-B50G 19 4002 83,80 11 4002 10,30 13 4003 5,90 low iron glass S 1030-B50G 13 4002 50,00 19 4002 48,00 17 4091 2,00 low iron glass S 1030-Y10R 19 4002 75,00 13 4090 21,00 17 4091 4,00 low iron glass S 1030-Y20R 19 4002 70,00 13 4090 19,00 17 4091 11,00 low iron glass S 1030-Y60R 19 4002 60,00 11 4002 40,00 S 1050-B40G 13 4090 94,50 17 4091 5,50 low iron glass S 1060-Y10R 17 4091 47,40 13 4090 30,80 19 4002 21,80 S 1070-Y80R

13 4090 97,60 13 4003 1,60 11 4001 0,80 S 1075-G60Y

131 4090 94,00 11 4002 6,00 S 1080-G40Y

17 4091 80,00 17 4090 20,00 S 1080-R

13 4090 63,00 17 4091 37,00 low iron glass S 1080-Y50R

17 4091 74,00 13 4090 26,00 low iron glass S 1080-Y80R

17 4091 100,00 S 1085-Y90R

19 4002 96,00 13 4002 2,00 16 4000 2,00 S 1505-G10Y 17 4091 70,00 13 4090 30,00 low iron glass S 1580-Y80R

17 4091 100,00 S 1580-Y90R 19 4002 94,00 12 4002 4,00 17 4000 2,00 low iron glass S 2002-R50B 19 4002 97,00 14 4001 2,00 11 4001 1,00 S 2005-G10Y 19 4002 97,80 13 4002 1,20 11 4000 1,00 S 2005-G20Y 19 4011 91,80 13 4002 8,00 17 4000 0,20 low iron glass S 2005-G80Y 19 4002 97,00 14 4001 3,00 low iron glass S 2005-R80B 19 4002 96,00 14 4001 2,00 16 4000 2,00 * S 2005-R80B

19 4002 84,00 13 4002 12,00 16 4000 4,00 S 2005-Y30R 19 4002 95,00 16 4000 3,00 13 4002 2,00 S 2005-Y70R 19 4002 96,00 16 4000 4,00 low iron glass S 2005-Y70R 19 4002 96,00 14 4001 3,00 12 4000 1,00 S 2010-B10G

19 4002 99,00 11 4002 1,00 S 2010-B50G 19 4002 93,40 13 4003 4,60 11 4002 2,00 S 2010-B90G 19 4002 91,90 13 4003 7,00 11 4002 1,10 S 2010-G10Y

page 14/38

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 19 4002 91,90 13 4003 7,00 11 4002 1,10 S 2010-G20Y

19 4002 91,50 13 4003 8,00 11 4002 0,50 S 2010-G30Y 19 4002 88,75 13 4003 7,50 13 4002 3,50 17 4000 0,25 S 2010-G60Y 19 4002 91,90 14 4001 4,30 17 4000 1,70 S 2010-R80B 19 4002 95,00 14 4001 3,00 12 4002 2,00 low iron glass S 2010-R80B 19 4002 91,30 12 4000 7,70 14 4001 1,00 S 2020-B 19 4002 91,00 11 4002 9,00 S 2020-B30G 19 4002 82,00 13 4003 10,00 11 4002 8,00 S 2020-B70G 19 4002 82,00 13 4003 12,00 11 4002 6,00 S 2020-B90G 19 4002 82,00 11 4000 18,00 S 2020-G10Y 19 4002 65,00 13 4003 32,00 11 4002 2,00 14 4001 1,00 S 2020-G30Y 19 4002 70,00 13 4002 20,00 17 4000 10,00 low iron glass S 2020-Y70R 19 4002 80,00 12 4002 20,00 S 2030-B 19 4002 80,00 17 4090 20,00 low iron glass S 2030-R 19 4002 74,60 12 4002 23,60 11 4002 1,80 S 2030-R90B 19 4002 80,00 17 4000 20,00 S 2030-Y90R 13 4003 87,90 19 4002 6,10 11 4002 6,00 S 2040-G30Y

13 4003 47,50 13 4002 30,10 11 4000 12,60 19 4002 9,80 * S 2040-G50Y

13 4090 64,00 19 4002 25,00 17 4091 11,00 S 2040-Y10R

124000 50,00 19 4002 50,00 S 2050-B

13 4003 52,40 11 4002 40,50 12 4002 7,10 * S 2050-B70G

13 4003 56,60 12 4002 22,80 11 4002 20,60 * S 2050-B80G

13 4090 89,00 19 4002 7,00 14 4001 4,00 S 2050-G50Y

13 4002 100,00 S 2050-G70Y 12 4002 80,00 19 4002 20,00 S 2050-R80B

13 4090 70,00 11 4000 15,00 11 4001 10,00 11 4002 5,00 S 2060-G30Y 12 4002 70,00 19 4002 28,00 17 4090 2,00 S 2060-R80B 13 4090 45,00 17 4091 45,00 19 4002 10,00 low iron glass S 2060-Y70R 13 4090 86,00 11 4002 14,00 S 2070-G40Y 13 4090 94,00 11 4000 5,60 17 4091 0,40 S 2070-G60Y 13 4090 82,00 11 4002 14,00 11 4000 4,00 S 2080-G30Y 13 4003 40,00 11 4002 34,80 12 4002 25,20 low iron glass * S 2555-B60G

13 4002 64,00 11 4002 36,00 S 2565-G 19 4002 92,70 11 4000 4,70 14 4001 1,00 11 4002 0,50 S 3005-G20Y 19 4002 61,10 13 4002 28,40 14 4001 8,30 17 4000 2,20 low iron glass S 3005-G80Y 19 4002 92,50 12 4002 6,10 17 4000 1,40 S 3005-R80B

19 4002 80,00 16 4000 11,00 13 4002 9,00 S 3005-Y50R 19 4002 84,00 13 4003 10,00 16 4000 6,00 low iron glass S 3005-Y50R 19 4002 88,70 11 4000 10,60 14 4001 0,40 11 4002 0,30 S 3010-G10Y 19 4002 72,50 13 4002 21,50 11 4000 3,00 16 4000 3,00 S 3010-G60Y 19 4002 84,00 16 4000 16,00 low iron glass S 3010-R page 15/38

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 19 4002 62,70 13 4002 33,80 17 4000 3,30 14 4001 0,20 S 3010-Y10R

19 4002 48,00 13 4002 42,00 17 4000 8,00 14 4001 2,00 S 3010-Y30R 19 4002 75,40 13 4002 15,30 17 4091 7,10 11 4000 2,20 S 3010-Y50R 19 4002 84,00 17 4091 9,50 13 4002 4,40 11 4000 2,10 S 3010-Y70R 19 4002 65,40 13 4003 20,40 11 4002 13,40 16 4000 0,80 S 3020-B90G 19 4002 60,00 11 4000 40,00 low iron glass S 3020-G20Y 13 4003 56,40 19 4002 28,90 11 4002 14,70 S 3030-G10Y 17 4000 60,00 19 4002 40,00 S 3040-Y80R 11 4002 77,00 19 4002 20,00 13 4002 3,00 S 3050-B30G 11 4000 50,00 13 4003 50,00 S 3050-G30Y 13 4090 60,00 11 4000 20,00 11 4001 10,00 11 4002 10,00 S 3060-G30Y 13 4090 86,60 11 4000 10,40 17 4091 1,80 14 4001 1,20 S 3060-G60Y 13 4090 63,00 11 4000 25,00 11 4002 12,00 S 3070-G30Y 19 4002 86,40 17 4000 6,10 11 4002 5,50 12 4002 2,00 S 3502-B 19 4002 65,10 13 4002 22,70 14 4001 7,00 17 4000 5,20 S 3502-Y 19 4002 85,00 16 4000 5,50 14 4001 5,00 11 4001 4,50 low iron glass * S 4000-N 19 4002 84,40 11 4000 7,70 11 4002 4,10 17 4000 3,80 S 4005-G20Y

19 40002 84,80 14 4001 11,60 11 4002 2,90 12 4002 0,70 S 4010-B10G

19 4002 80,10 12 4002 11,90 17 4000 4,10 14 4001 3,90 low iron glass S 4010-R70B

19 4002 73,00 12 4002 18,00 14 4001 6,00 17 4000 3,00 S 4010-R90B

19 4002 46,00 13 4002 43,00 17 4000 8,00 14 40001 3,00 S 4010-Y30R

19 4002 63,50 12 4002 21,00 14 4001 9,00 11 4002 6,50 S 4020-B

19 4002 45,00 11 4002 30,10 13 4003 21,60 16 4000 3,30 S 4020-B70G

13 4002 61,80 19 4002 24,10 17 4000 12,20 11 4000 1,90 S 4020-Y30R 19 4002 50,40 17 4000 28,50 13 4002 21,10 S 4020-Y80R

13 4002 92,00 14 4001 8,00 S 4030-G70Y 12 4002 65,00 19 4002 30,00 17 4000 5,00 S 4030-R90B 11 4002 72,90 19 4002 23,30 11 4001 3,80 S 4040-B30G 11 4002 67,90 19 4002 15,10 11 4000 12,80 13 4002 4,20 S 4040-B60G 11 4000 66,00 11 4001 17,00 13 4002 17,00 S 4040-G20Y 13 4090 93,00 14 4001 7,00 S 4040-G60Y 17 4000 90,00 19 4002 10,00 S 4040-Y80R

12 4000 54,00 11 4002 34,00 19 4002 8,00 13 4003 4,00 S 4050-B10G 11 4001 60,00 11 4002 35,00 14 4001 5,00 low iron glass S 4050-B70G 11 4000 66,00 13 4090 30,50 17 4091 2,50 17 4090 1,00 S 4050-G40Y 12 4002 92,00 19 4002 5,00 14 4001 3,00 low iron glass * S 4050-R80B

17 4000 75,00 13 4002 25,00 S 4050-Y70R 17 4091 64,50 13 4090 20,00 17 4000 8,00 14 4001 7,50 low iron glass S 4050-Y80R 19 4002 84,00 16 4000 6,00 14 4001 5,50 11 4001 4,50 low iron glass * S 4500-N

page 16/38

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 11 4001 87,70 11 4000 11,90 14 4001 0,40 S 4550-G10Y

13 4090 86,20 14 4001 10,00 17 4091 3,80 S 4550-G60Y 19 4002 62,50 11 4000 25,00 14 4001 10,00 17 4000 2,50 S 5005-G20Y 19 4002 69,00 12 4002 12,00 17 4000 12,00 14 4001 7,00 * S 5005-R50B 19 4002 74,50 14 4001 15,40 12 4002 6,00 17 4000 4,10 * S 5005-R80B 19 4002 63,50 14 4001 17,70 11 4000 12,40 12 4000 6,40 S 5010-B30G 19 4002 38,20 13 4002 35,30 11 4000 17,40 16 4000 9,10 S 5010-G70Y 19 4002 53,20 12 4002 30,80 14 4001 8,70 16 4000 7,30 S 5010-R90B 11 4002 43,00 19 4002 31,80 11 4000 19,40 16 4000 5,80 S 5020-B70G 12 4002 46,70 19 4002 34,80 14 4001 18,50 low iron glass S 5020-R90B 11 4000 50,00 13 4003 40,00 14 4001 10,00 S 5030-G30Y 17 4000 58,00 13 4090 22,00 19 4002 20,00 low iron glass S 5030-Y70R 11 4001 85,00 14 4001 10,00 11 4000 5,00 S 5040-G 13 4002 76,40 11 4000 18,30 17 4000 6,30 * S 5040-G70Y 19 4002 41,00 13 4002 28,00 14 4001 17,00 16 4000 14,00 S 5502-Y 19 4002 49,00 11 4001 26,00 14 4001 14,00 16 4000 11,00 S 6005-B80G 16 4000 33,10 19 4002 28,10 13 4002 25,90 11 4000 12,90 low iron glass S 6005-Y20R

19 4002 36,40 11 4000 27,30 14 4001 25,40 12 4000 10,90 S 6010-B70-G

11 4000 37,90 19 4002 29,60 14 4001 21,40 13 4003 11,10 S 6010-G10Y

13 4003 43,60 14 4001 24,70 19 4002 21,20 11 4001 10,50 S 6010-G30Y

16 4000 45,50 13 4003 44,50 19 4002 10,00 S 6010-Y30R

12 4002 51,60 19 4002 18,20 14 4001 16,70 11 4002 13,50 * S 6020-B

12 4002 70,00 17 4030 30,00 S 6020-R60B

12 4000 89,00 14 4001 9,00 19 4002 2,00 S 6030-B 11 4002 52,00 12 4002 37,00 14 4001 10,00 19 4002 1,00 S 6030-B10G

12 4002 65,00 17 4091 24,00 17 4090 6,00 19 4002 5,00 low iron glass S 6030-R30B 17 4000 67,00 16 4000 27,00 13 4002 6,00 S 6030-Y70R 16 4000 36,00 17 4091 31,00 17 4000 26,00 17 4090 7,00 low iron glass S 6030-Y90R 19 4002 35,00 16 4000 28,00 11 4002 25,50 14 4001 11,50 S 6502-B 19 4002 37,70 14 4001 35,30 17 4000 14,50 13 4002 12,50 S 7000 N 14 4001 36,00 19 4002 30,00 17 4000 22,00 12 4002 12,00 S 7005-R50B 16 4000 35,00 13 4002 29,80 19 4002 20,50 14 4001 17,70 S 7005-Y50R

11 4000 55,30 14 4001 27,70 19 4002 12,20 13 4003 4,80 S 7010-G70Y 12 4002 55,00 17 4030 25,00 16 4000 20,00 S 7010-R30B 17 4000 68,80 11 4000 19,10 14 4001 12,10 S 7020-Y50R 14 4001 42,90 19 4002 28,20 17 4000 15,30 11 4000 13,60 S 7500 N

16 4000 45,00 11 4000 34,00 19 4002 11,00 14 4001 10,00 S 7502-Y 14 4001 49,60 16 4000 27,40 11 4000 11,70 19 4002 11,40 S 8000-N 14 4001 56,80 11 4000 39,50 17 4000 3,70 * S 8005-G20Y 12 4002 43,80 14 4001 37,50 17 4030 18,70 S 8005-R50B 14 4001 48,00 12 4002 37,00 11 4002 15,00 S 8010-B10G page 17/38

Product NCS S Ref. P 1 % P 2 % P 3 % P4 % Comment code 12 4002 54,00 14 4001 23,00 17 4030 23,00 S 8010-R50B

14 4001 74,00 16 4000 16,00 11 4000 5,00 19 4002 5,00 S 8500-N 15 4000 50,00 14 4001 50,00 S 8502-R 14 4001 80,00 11 4000 20,00 S 8502-G

* approximate match

For system s1de ONE a lot of mix recommendations are already available. For color matchings, please ask our sales technicians.

page 18/38

Basic Properties of the Systems

1. Thermal Expansion Coefficient 3. Chemical, Weathering and Mechanical Durability Linear coefficient of thermal expansion for each of our systems is in the range 75 – 9510-7K-1 There are many tests available to judge the chemical (50 – 300 C), dependant on factors such as pigment and mechanical resistance of glass enamels and their type and content. evaluation and interpretation is a very complex issue. The expansion of all our flat glass systems is designed to provide a good fit with the properties of The test results will depend, not only on the float glass. If applied onto glass with low thermal chemical formulation of the enamel, but also on the expansion coefficients (< 6010-7K-1), the colors will type of glass, the layer thickness of the enamel and tend to crack. the firing cycle used. The type and concentration of the chemical agent used to simulate the effect of the environmental attack will of course also significantly 2. Firing Temperature effect the degree of resistance observed.

Our colors are specially formulated for typical glass The international flat glass market has adopted a tempering cycles, with furnace temperatures set at series of standardised tests to qualify and quantify 670 – 720 C and with a total cycle time of 40 secs. the atmospheric attack on fired ceramic enamel per mm. of glass thickness. systems. This results in typical glass temperatures of 620 – 660 C. Following these standards, representative selections of our colors from each basic system have been Under typical glass tempering cycles – fast heating subjected to the following tests: and high temperatures for a short time – dense and glossy color surfaces are obtained. To evaluate weathering resistance, the following An oxidising atmosphere is necessary to achieve tests have been done: good properties of the fired layer.  Weathering test according to ANSI Z.26.1 test 16 [literature ref.1] However, if the firing is too fast, gas bubbles and  Condensation water test atmospheres, as DIN pinholes may appear in the fired color surface. This 50017 (increased temp. of 52 C) [2] will result in paler shades and the surface will  Temperature change test, -40 C to +90 C, 5 become less scratch resistant and less durable. cycles To eliminate this defect, principally there are the  Moist air sulphur dioxide ‘Kesternich Test’, to following possibilities: ISO 6988 (DIN 50018 – SFW 2,0S) [3]  Abrasion resistance test, according ANSI Z 26.1 – Improve the drying of the enamel layer test 17 and test 18 [4,9,10] before firing, to optimise medium  Water leachability, as per DIN 38 414 Part 4 [5] burn-off  10% citric acid test, ASTM C724-91 [12,13]  – Increase the heat work during firing 3.5% HCl test, ASTM C724-91 [12,13] (increase firing temperature and/or  Sulphide resistance test – Na2S in acetic acid, the fire time and/or adjust the ratio ASTM C777-93 between radiation and convection )  0.1N H2SO4, 2hrs [12,13]  – Reduce the firing temperature of the 0.1N NaOH, 2hrs [14] glass enamels with addition of transparent flux. For System140 we To evaluate mechanical resistance, especially suggest 10 198 relevant for spandrel glass panels:  Mechanical strength according to DIN 18516, Part 4 [6]  Bending test as per DIN 52 292, part 1 [7]  Ball drop test, to DIN 52 338 [8]

page 19/38

Weathering and Mechanical Resistance Test clean. However, the metallic colors included in Data System140 can typically be cleaned with solvents, after exposure to dirt. Results from Intermixable System140 are shown in the attached tables. For domestic appliance glass, furniture glass and glass for general internal use, glass decorated on Summarising the chemical tests, a slight visual attack either Surface 1 or 2 can generally be used. is evident on the enamel side of the glass for both However, we do not typically recommend the use of leaded and lead-free systems. However, this does System140 decorated glass for outside use, where not classify the colors as ‘non-resistant’. when the glass enamel is exposed directly on the external evaluating the colors through the glass, which surface. corresponds to the standard exposure e.g. for For these first surface (Surface 1) architectural tempered spandrel panels, all of the tested colors applications, we have specially developed our s1de from our systems are fully resistant. ONE range.

The resistance data indicated in this brochure is We recommend checking with our technical experts intended as a guide only, and we always recommend for specific advice on application and use. checking in customer’s specific conditions of application and firing, prior to use. Refer also Appendix 1 – Test Procedures

Glass enamels with a rough surface (e.g. metallic colors) are more vulnerable to dirt and difficult to

page 20/38

+ = no attack; o = some attack; - = not resistant

Test and Standard Purpose System140 result

Condensation Water Resistance to humidity Evaluation through glass: Test. /corrosion. +: 114000,124000, 134002,144001, 174000, 194002, DIN 50017 KK High temp. 194011, 194020, 154030, 154000 (52 C) used c.f. standard o : ------DIN 50017 - : ------Evaluation on enamel: +: 154000, 144001,154030, 194020 o : 114000, 124000, 134002, 174000, 194002, 194011 - : ------Weathering Test. UV-Radiation exposure with Evaluation through glass: ANSI Z26.1 temp. change, +:114000, 134002,144001, 174000, 194002, 194011, Test 16 by Xenon-lamp Illumination 194020, 154030 o : ------: ------Evaluation on enamel: +: 154030, 194020 o : 114000, 144001, 134002, 174000, 194002, 194011 - : ------Temperature Change Exposure to extremes of Evaluation through glass: Test temp. change +: 114000, 134002,144001, 174000, 194002, 194011, 194020, 154030 o : ------: ------Evaluation on enamel: +: 114000, 134002,144001, 174000, 194002, 194011, 194020, 154030 o : ------: ------

Taber Abrasion Test Resistance to abrasion The fired enamel layer is extremely abrasion ANSI Z26.1 Test 17,18; resistant; rollers selected for this test simulate the DIN 53 754 durability against motor vehicle or pedestrian traffic. For architectural application, the durability is guaranteed for the air-side of the glass Bending Strength Glass Breakage DIN 18 516 specifies a bending strength for DIN 18 516,4 Analysis decorated tempered glass of min. 75N/mm2 DIN 52 292,1 Typical test result as per DIN 52 303,1 DIN 52 292, part 1: 144001=117, 174000=121, 194002=123 194020=147N/mm2 Typical result as per DIN 52 303, part1: 144001=125Mpa, 154000=127MPa Ball Drop Test Impact Resistance Typical test result according DIN 52 338 DIN 52 238: 144001=84.6cm (min. value as per norm DIN 52 238=60cm.)

page 21/38

Test and Standard Purpose System140 result

Chemical Durability – Resistance to acids and alkalis 10% citric acid, 2 hrs,20 o C – attack scale 2.5-3.5 appliance/ in commercial cleaners 3% HCl, 2hrs, 20 C – attack scale 2-3 furniture glass 0.1N H2SO4, 2hrs, 20 C – attack scale 2.5-3 DIN 12 166 0.1N NaOH, 2hrs, 20 C – attack scale 2.5-5

Sulphide Resistance Resistance to attack by H2S All colors from the standard range have been ASTM C777-93 Atmosphere evaluated and show no visible sign of attack

Leachability by water Potential to pollute/ effects of The following elements have been analysed: DIN 38 414 S4 exposure when stored Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, V, Mo, Co, Ba, Sn.

Result : < 0.1mg/l

Chemical Durability Test Data

Results from the Intermixable System140 are shown in the below table.Tests were made to evaluate the resistance of this System to alkali, sulphide and acids – hydrochloric, sulphuric, acetic and citric. In all case, the chemical durability was measured at level 3 or better, at least as good as leaded products for flat glass.

Chemical Resistance

5 □ NaOH 0,1N 2h 4,5 ■ H2SO4 0,1N 2h 4 □ HCl 3% 2h Citric Acid 10% 2h 3,5 □ ■ Acetic Acid 10% 2h 3 □ H2S ASTM C 777-93 2,5

Valuation 2 1,5 Valuation: 1 1 = No attack 2 = Iridescent surface 0,5 3 = Obvious matting, but without strong effect on colour, resp. surface 0 changes 4 = Strongly affected colour, resp. surface 11 4000 12 4000 13 4002 14 4001 16 4000 19 4002 changes 5 = Glass enamel disappeared; the substrate Color is exposed or partly exposed

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Methods of Use & Recommendations

temperature itself. Any change in paste viscosity will effect the applied thickness which in turn Our colors from all systems are developed and influences color opacity and color shade. controlled for the following application processes: To ensure prints of consistent quality, opacity and - Direct screenprinting color shade, it is recommended to control the - Roller coating ambient temperature of the printing room and to - Curtain-coating maintain the printing machine parameters as - Spraying constant as possible.

1. Availability 4. Screenprinting Pastes

Colors are available either as powders or ready For mixing with our color powders, we recommend prepared in a medium suitable for one of the above our screenprinting mediums 80 1022, 80 1026, 80 application processes. Mediums suitable for all 858 or 80 840 (see also Mediums section). applications can also be provided separately (see Recommended mixing ratio is 100 parts by weight of mediums section). color powder: 30 - 45 parts of medium, followed by triple roll milling. If necessary, pastes can be thinned by adding the relevant oil, and stirring, to the 2. Storage and Shelf Life required printing viscosity.

Color powders must be stored in dry conditions, in Alternatively, screenprinting pastes can be supplied sealed tins. Medium and color paste systems should ready prepared in either oil-based or water-mixable be stored in dry conditions and at temperatures not medium systems. Typical dispersions of our pastes below 5 C (40 F) or above are <20 m. 35 C (95 F); the ideal storage temperature is 8 - 15 C (45 - 60 F). Partly used tins must be tightly sealed Our pastes are supplied as a concentrate with a high after use. Pastes must be stirred thoroughly before viscosity; pastes should be let down with our printing. recommended medium or thinner, to reach the printing viscosity required for the particular glass If stored as recommended, color pastes of system part or job. For direct screenprinting on flat glass, s1de ONE are guaranteed with a minimum shelf life mesh sizes from 36T to 90T are widely used with our of 6 months. Pastes of System140 and medium are products. guaranteed with a minimum shelf life of 12 months after the production date. Due to the required thin layers required for the decoration of white etch imitation, we recommend etch application by screenprinting. The best effects 3. General Processing Conditions and surface quality is achieved using a 90T screen. If coarser screens are used – e.g. 48T (or coarser), The viscosity of the enamel pastes is strongly noticeable differences in color shade can occur due influenced by the ambient temperature in the to the increased layer thickness. processing shop and therefore the paste

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5. Roller Coating The structuring roller of the Brkle / Cefla machine produces an even color application with low groove The most common machines used are the Brkle and structure. The layer thickness is determined by the Cefla machines and we have created color systems structure of the application roller. The machines can suitable for each type, which we normally supply be used continuously by pumping color paste to the ready prepared. application roller.

Roller Coating Application by Cefla and Brkle Machines

Application Roller Coater

Technique Type of Roller Various structured rolls

Direction of application Regular – same direction as glass transport Filling amount Dependant on the width of the roll approx. 2 - 10 kg color paste; In continuous mode approx. 40 kg

Filling Manual or by pump Handling Cleaning Manual, with water or automatically by repumping

Time approx. 30 minutes Application Thickness of the wet color layer Dependant on the structure of the application roll, from 30 - 150 m – e.g. 16 grades / inch  c. 90 - 120 m 48 grades / inch  c. 30 - 35 m

Surface smooth surface, dependant on the color paste viscosity and the structure of the application roll

Medium options 80 1022, thinned with 80 868 (for opaque effect) and thinned with 80 1022 (for translucent) Thinner 80 8005 could be added for improved levelling

60 - 120 seconds at working temperature, measured with 6 Viscosity Guideline mm cup, DIN 53 211. With opaque colors in the upper seconds range and etch imitation in the lower seconds range.

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6. Spraying

For this application, powders should be dispersed in (See also mediums). Before the use of medium 80 a liquid medium and it is important to create good 1029 it should be stirred well as it is a dispersion wetting of the particles without additional grinding. with tendency to separation. If necessary, the High speed mixers are recommended, followed by enamel dispersion can be adjusted with water to fine sieving and then adjustment to the required reach the desired application viscosity. It is spray viscosity with water. recommended to stir the systems thoroughly before We recommend the following spray compositions for use. lead-frees: 100 parts powder color: 42.5 parts de-mineralised Optimal mixing ratio is 100 parts powder: 40 parts water: 8 to 10 parts spray medium 80 1029. demineralized water: 10 parts medium 80 1029.

If further needed, the spray suspensions can be When preparing suspensions from our powders, for thinned with water to the required viscosity. an ideal removal of agglomerates, the suspension We typically recommend a spray viscosity of 20 - 30 should be sieved directly after preparation using a secs as measured with Ford No.4 cup, dependant on vibratory sieve (70 m ideal). application and use. To ensure optimal wetting of the color powder, we recommend that the suspension be allowed to stand for 24 hours before use. 7. Curtain Coating It is not recommended to apply metallic colors by For curtain coating, the enamel powder needs to be curtain coating. dispersed in water-friendly medium 80 1029.

Curtain Coating Application Recommendations

Technique Filling amount 50 - 70 kg suspension, depending on the width of the casting basin

Filling Casting basin filled by pump system Handling Cleaning With water automatically during repumping when using water-mixable system

approx. 20 minutes Time Application Thickness of the wet color layer Dependant on the opening and the speed of the conveyor belt Avge thickness of the wet layer: up to 200 m; 300 - 400g suspension / m2

Surface Smooth

Medium options 80 1029 water-friendly

Viscosity 35 - 40 seconds, at working temperature, measured with a 4 mm cup – DIN 53 211

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8. Comparison of Application Techniques for Flat Glass Decoration

Spraying Screen -printing Roller -coating Curtain coating

very small amount amount depends on the depending on the c. 60 - 70 kg Enamel possible screen size width of the roll, 2 for a typical run quantity - 10 kg

approx. 30% small depending on the depending on the Loss of (recycling of the machine, machine, 1 - 2 kg enamel overspray is approx. 1 - 2 kg possible) Surface even - in thin layers even with a structured smooth surface possibly tends to (screen mesh marks roll, the structure show clouds visible) will be visible

Thickness variable depending on the variable – depends variable screen and opacity, on the structure of several printings may the application roll be needed

Unwanted high, sometimes no, but printing to the no only front edge decoration of the reverse side edges can be a problem the edge

Exhaust- required not required not required not required system

Size unlimited depending on the screen depending on the depending on the size or screenprinting roller size length of the casting machine basin

Cleaning of simply with water depending on the screen simply with water simply with water the tools size, for big screens an automatic cleaning machine is recommended – Depending on the used medium, with either organic solvents or water

Drying Air-drying possible depending on medium Dryer required depending on system used

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9. Recommended Test Methods to Check Correct Firing of Enamels

Determination of scratch resistance Determination of porosity

Reason for testing: Underfired enamels show Reason for testing: Evidence of no open a residual porosity, porosity of the fired indicated by low scratch enamel. Humidity should resistance. not migrate into the enamel layer to attack the Test method: Scratch durability sealing; or in case of measured with ERICHSSEN laminated glass cause PENCIL; visual judgement bubbles and delamination. Target: Minimum durability is 16 N with System140 and 20 Test method: 40% Isopropanol/water N with s1de ONE enamel mixture dropped onto layers. No damage of enamel surface. enamel surface, no scratch-marks should be Target: Liquid must not soak visible through the glass. through the layer. No “wet spot–effect” should Standard: According with ISO 1518 be visible through the glass side.

Standard: No reference Gloss measurement

Reason for testing: Gloss measurement compared to standard enamel indicates if firing process was sufficient. Test method: Gloss determination with Reflectometer TRI-Gloss, measuring geometry 60° and 80°

Target: Keep within specification measured against reference standards.

Standard: DIN 67 530; AST D 523 – 78, ISO 2813

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Decoration Medium Systems

Ferro’s Standard Range Water-friendly - contains components which should be thinned with specific Ferro has developed special medium systems thinners designed for each method of decoration. - processing equipment can For environmental reasons, our R&D efforts are be cleaned with water continually focussed on user-friendly water-mixable - low odour systems. Water-based - contains water as the main solvent Our medium systems are divided into 3 main classes: - processing equipment can be cleaned with water

Oil-based - can neither be diluted nor thinned with water - processing equipment cleaned with organic solvent

Direct Screenprinting

Product number Product Description Notes

80 1022 Medium low odour, water friendly slow drying time

80 1026 Medium low odour, water friendly very slow drying time

80 868 Thinner slow drying time water friendly

80 8032 Thinner medium drying time water friendly

80 890 Thinner fast drying time water friendly

80 858 Medium low odour, water friendly very slow drying time

80 840 Medium low odour, water friendly medium drying time

80 392 Medium medium drying time oil based

80 064 Thinner slow drying time oil based

Top 5 Lines are our standard products used for screenprinting.

We have a wide range of suitable screen-print medium systems for IR drying for application on flat glass. More detailed information is available on request.

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Roller Coating

Product number Product Description Notes

80 1022 Medium low odour, water friendly slow drying time

80 1026 Medium low odour, water friendly very slow drying time

80 868 Thinner slow drying time water friendly

slow drying time, 80 8005 Thinner smooth surface water friendly

Spray Application & Curtain Coating

Product number Product designation Notes

80 1029 Medium colour preparation with medium water based and water by using a pearl mill or with a high speed stirrer

The suspension has to be sieved and adjusted to the required viscosity by diluting with water.

Oil-based and Water-friendly-systems need to be triple-roll milled. Water-based systems can be prepared by high-speed mixing, or pearl milling.

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Appendix 1:

Weathering Resistance of Ceramic Glass Colors

– Test Procedures

Condensation Water Test Atmospheres

Purpose and range of application: Climatic testing procedure: The test of the specimen is being carried out in a The humidity of the air is achieved by a floor trough condensation cabinet with a constant atmosphere. which is heated and filled with clean water (distilled The tests are designed to see the behaviour of the or de-ionised water). The test room is tempered by samples in humid ambient atmospheres and to heating the water in the floor trough. To avoid pinpoint any defects of the protection of the evaporation the water temperature should not specimen against corrosion. The exposure under exceed 60 ºC. these conditions does not allow to evaluate directly over the life circle of the tested pieces under real The climatic chamber shall work at an environmental conditions [2]. temperature of 18 ºC to 28 ºC and a relative atmospheric humidity of up to max. 75 %. For Test conditions: comparative investigations the ambient temperature Condensation water test atmospheres promote the in the installation room should amount to the condensation of atmospheric humidity on the standard temperature of (23  2) ºC according to surface of the specimen of which the temperatures DIN 50 013. A reduction of the ambient temperature are lower than the temperature of the saturated air leads to an increase in the amount of condensation in the test room due to the radiation onto the water. chamber walls or to the cooling of the sample. For an intermediate evaluation the samples will be The air temperature of the test room reads 52ºC in taken out of the climatic chamber without dis- contrast to the standard connecting the heating and will be incorporated (DIN 50 017 = 40ºC). immediately after evaluation. The relative humidity of the air in the test room is approx. 100 % covering the samples. The period of exposure is 21 days with intermediate evaluations after 7 and 14 days.

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Weathering Test and readings shall be taken in a position where the water spray is not striking the panel and at the point where maximum heat is developed due to Purpose and range of application: light exposure. The weathering test according to ANSI Z 26.1 Test 16 simulates the exposure on the specimen by The water shall strike the test panels in the form of a radiation, temperature and the change of fine spray under a pressure of 172 - 207 kPa temperatures [1]. (25 - 30 psi) at the nozzle, and in sufficient volume to wet the panel immediately upon impact. Procedure / test conditions: The exposure on the specimen is done in an The water has to be absolutely free of impurities. enclosed testing apparatus. The period of the test is The pH-value of the water shall be between 6.0 and 1000 hours with an intermediate evaluation after 8.0. The temperature of the water entering the 500 hours. The apparatus shall be operated nozzle shall be between 10ºC and 21ºC 5 days of each week according to a schedule (60ºF 10ºF). consisting of ten 2-hour-cycles (20 hours) per day. Each 2-hour-cycle shall be divided into periods during which the test panel shall be exposed to light without water spray for 102 minutes and to light with water spray for 18 minutes. The test panels Temperature Change Test shall remain undisturbed in the apparatus during the 2 days when the apparatus is not operating. Purpose and range of application: This test exposes the specimen by extreme The radiation of the samples is made by a Xenon- differences of temperature. By this the normal lamp with an intensity of 0,35 W/m² at a wave exposure due to the change of temperature under length of 340 nm. normal circumstances over a longer period is simulated in a short period of time. The temperature within the apparatus shall be controlled by the circulation of sufficient air to Procedure / test conditions: produce a black panel temperature of 60ºC to 66ºC The specimen are being submitted to 5 cycles of (145ºF  5ºF) when measured by a standard black exposure. The change of temperature per cycle is painted panel with a suitable thermometer between -40 ºC and +90 ºC at a speed of the change embedded in the surface. This panel shall be in temperature of 1 K/min. The extreme mounted in the test panel rack temperatures (-40 ºC and +90 ºC) are maintained for approx. 10 hours.

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Abrasion Resistance Tests Determination of Bending Strength

Purpose and range of application: Purpose and range of application: The purpose of this test is to determine whether the In DIN 18 516 part 4 it is determined that for surface has a certain minimum resistance to spandrel panels, tempered security glass with special abrasion. The abrasion is the unwanted change of technological properties has to be used. The coating surface due to dissolving of small particles by of the surface of the glass e. g. by enamels for the mechanical exposure. The taber abraser test is a alteration of the technological properties of the glass world-wide recognised method to test the durability is explicitly allowed. DIN 18 516 stipulates for which is described in ANSI Z26.1 test 17 and test 18 toughened glass decorated with glass enamels a as well in DIN 53 754 [9, 10]. bending strength of at least 75 N/mm² if the decoration is directly on the glass Procedure / test conditions: surface and the tensile stress field (pressure area). The specimen is located on a facing abrading The bending strength is the applied tensile stress rotating wheel. On this wheel two abrasion rolls are which leads to breakage of the glass [6]. fixed staggered on the side to the rotation diameter. It results a cross shear on a circuit which produces a According to DIN 18 516 part 4 the bending strength defined abrasion. For the inspection of plastic of tempered security glass has to be found according surfaces rubberrolls with special abrasion disks are to DIN 52 303 part 1. During this bending test mainly used (DIN 53 754). However the herewith according to the four knife-edge principle (DIN achieved abrasion is not sufficient for the judgement 52303, part 1) also the edges of the sample are of glass enamel surfaces. Nevertheless there are subject to maximum exposure. Due to the frequently some abrasion roll types available which can be used occurring very small damages of the edges this test for the simulation of different practical exposure. often causes breakages which comes from the edge. The evaluation of the bending strength according to However, the trials for the abrasion resistance test DIN 52 303 part 1 provides us as a result a value with the taber abraser show that the exposure to which describes the technological property of the select should be much higher than for non treated tested glass as a whole. The quality of the edges and floatglass as the fired enamel layer is extremely of the decorated glass colour have an influence on abrasion resistant. In order to enable us to make a the result [12]. selection between the glass enamels the tests have to be done with strongly abrasive ceramic friction The coaxial double ring bending test according to rollers H18 or with resilient rollers CS-17 at 1000 p DIN 52 292 part 1 serves us among others for the exposure. The CS-17 elastic rollers simulate the determination of the bending strength of any durability on the motorway or by pedestrians. They technically existing glasses with any existing surfaces show the highest abrasion effect of all resilient rolls. in form of flat sheets. The coaxial double ring The usage of H18 rollers is only possible with bending test according to DIN 52 292 part 1 is so absolutely flat samples and simulates a rough special because just a circular limited piece of the intensive abrasion. glass sample is subject to maximum exposure but not the edges of the glass. DIN 52 292 part 1 is While using the glass enamels for architectural glass therefore adequate for the evaluation of the with a decorative character this durability test will influence of the glass surface, respectively of the not be necessary. For the expected application it can decorated glass colour, on the bending strength of be already stated after the first trials that the the tempered security glass excluding any influences durability is guaranteed in any case. of damaged edges [7].

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Procedure / test conditions: condensed moisture con-taining sulphur dioxide [3]. A circular or square plane-parallel specimen resting on a support ring (r2) shall be loaded via a load ring Procedure / test conditions: (r1 with r1 < r2) arranged concentrically relative to the Test cabinets of a preferred capacity 300 ± 10 litre support ring. For limited loads there is in with a door capable of being closed hermetically are the central region of the convexly bent sample a used. The specimens are placed in the cabinet. The tensile stress field extending in all directions and distance between the specimens shall be not less adequately uniform for test purposes, the area of than 20 mm, the distance between the specimens this field being bounded by the load ring. and the walls or roof of the test cabinet shall not be less than 100 mm. The distance between the lower Outside the load ring the radial and tangential edges of the samples and the surface of the water in stress in the sample decreas towards the edge so the base of the test cabinet shall not be less than that there the risk of failure is small. By increasing 200 mm. Arrange the specimen so that any moisture the load, the tensile stress in the middle of the condensing on any of them or on their support does sample is raised at a constant rate until failure not fall onto other specimen placed at lower levels. occurs the expected point of the failure being the Introduce 2 ± 0,2 litres of distilled water having a most severely stressed surface region below the conductivity of 500 µS/m or less, into the base of the load ring. test cabinet. Introduce 2,0 litres of sulphur dioxide into the test cabinet through the inlet pipe in For the evaluation should be considered only the contrast to the standard (ISO 6988 0,2 litres sulphur samples for which the point of failure lies in the dioxide). Raise the temperature on the heater to 40 region bounded by the load ring contact circle. In ± 3 ºC in about 1,5 hours. Maintain heating under order to determine the failure location the sample control, so as to keep the temperature inside the will be covered with an adhesive film on the side test cabinet at 40 ± 3 ºC for the specified period of facing the load ring. At least 10 samples of a kind 24 hours. One test cycle is 24 hours. The test lasts 10 suitable for evaluation shall be taken. cycles. For a test of continuous exposure in the test cabinet for longer than 24 hours, replace the water Mean values of the bending strength of samples of and the sulphur dioxide after each 24 hours period similar type, determined as described in of test with minimum disturbance to the test DIN 52 303 Part 1 are likely to be lower by a factor of samples. 1.1 to 2.4. This is partly due to the size of the area The evaluation of the results is done by visual and partly to a different type of loading (biaxial assessment of the samples after exposure through stressing in the coaxial double ring bending test the glass and directly onto the glass enamel. uniaxial stressing when testing as specified in DIN 52

303 Part 1). For comparing the two methods, it is also necessary in the statistical evaluation to eliminate the fractures frequently originating from the edge when the test as specified in DIN 52 303 Part 1 is carried out [11].

Sulphur Dioxide Test with General Condensation of Moisture, Kesternich Test

Purpose and range of application: The Kesternich test is a corrosion test. Moist air containing sulphur dioxide quickly produces easily visible corrosion of many metals in a form of resembling that occurring in industrial environments. This norm specifies a method for assessing the resistance of glass enamels to page 33/38

Determination of Leachability by Water [12,13]. Alkaline resistance follows work instructions QS-AA / KF-GSAT 040 / 000 of Ferro. The test methods follow Purpose and range of application: the example of DIN 51 035 and DIN EN 122. This test Determination of decorated glasses by type and specifies a method for assessing the durability of the mass is intended to provide information as to what glass enamel against soda based commercial adverse effects or risks to rivers and lakes can occur cleaners [14]. when the glasses are stored or dumped in such a manner that they may come into contact with water. Procedure / test conditions: The method can however produce values that Acid resistance - The sample is exposed cannot be obtained under conditions of dumping or during 2 hours at room only over long intervals of time. The harm caused by temperature with the the decorated glass dumped, or intended to be following acids: dumped, cannot be determined solely on the basis a) 10 weight % citric acid in of analytical values of the eluate [5]. demineralized water b) 3 weight % hydrochloric Procedure / test conditions: acid in demineralized water The specimens are leached with water under defined c) 0,1 N sulphuric acid conditions. Then the undissolved components are separated by filtration. The concentrations of the Alkaline resistance - The sample is exposed components to be determined are then measured in during 2 hours with 0.1 N the same filtrate using the methods of water soda base. analysis. Normally the decorated glasses have to be analysed in the state in which they are dumped. The evaluation of the test results is done by visual Therefore the decorated glass will be examined in assessment of the exposed colour layer in comparison broken form. The weight of the samples is 100 grs. to the untreated colour layer. As a result the following The leaching time shall be classification is done: 24 hours at room temperature. Eluate the specimen with 1 litre of water by diluting the sample in a 5 glass enamel disappeared, the glass substrate is closeable flask and shake it during the eluation time exposed or partly exposed so that the sample remains constantly in motion. After the leaching period has elapsed separate the 4 strongly affected colour resp. surface changes, undissolved residue by filtration or centrifugation. not scratch resistant Measure the pH-value and the electrical conductivity of the filtrate or centrifugate. 3 obvious matting without strong effect on color resp. surface changes

Chemical Durability 2 Iridescent surface or just noticeable loss of gloss

Purpose and range of application: 1 no attack Chemical durability tests differ between the acid and alkaline resistance. Acid resistance follows work instructions QS-AA / KF- GSAT 016 / 000 of Ferro. The test methods follow the example of DIN 12 116 and DIN EN 122. This test specifies a method for assessing the durability of the glass enamel against several acids which are used in commercial cleaners

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Sulphide Resistance Test Method impact ball and top surface of the sample. The Purpose and range of application: impactor hold-release device is a device for holding ASTM C777-93 is designed to simulate the attack by and releasing the impactor which allows setting the a hydrogen sulphide atmosphere drop height to 5 m within the required tolerance. It does not impart any momentum to the impactor Procedure / test conditions: when dropped, so that the latter is only accelerated According with ASTM C777-93, test results are by the force of the gravity and drops perpendicular. determined by visual observation. The test temperature shall be 23 ± 2 ºC [8].

As a result it is determined the drop height at which Ball Drop Test on Glass the glass is just not broken under the impact of the ball (1.03 kg). In this norm the minimum value is Purpose and range of application: considered to be 600 mm in average. This represents The ball drop test specified in this standard serves to an impact energy of 6 Nm which is normally not test the behaviour of toughened glass under impact exceeded in buildings. of a hard object of small compact mass.

Procedure / test conditions: The specimen is fixed into a hold-release device. The sample size is 600 x 600 mm with a thickness of 8 mm. In the centre of the sample a square area of 200 x 200 mm is fully decorated with a glass enamel. The impact ball is made of roller bearing steel in a diameter of 63.50 mm and a weight of about 1030 grs. The drop height is the distance between bottom edge of the

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Appendix 2:

Decoration Equipment – Manufacturers’ References

Screenprinting

- Thieme GmbH & Co.KG Robert Bosch Strasse 1 D-79331 Teningen

Roller Coating

- Maschinenfabrik Brkle - Cefla Finishing Group Stuttgarter Str. 123 - 125 Via Bicocca 14/c D-72250 Freudenstadt I-40026 Imola (BO)

- Rollmac GE.MA.TA. SPA. Via Postale Vecchia, 77 36070 Trissino (VI)

Automatic Spraying Machinery

- BEFRA, Bersch & Fratscher GmbH - Krautzberger GmbH Seeligenstätter Strasse Stockbornstr. 13 D-63791 Karlstein am Main D-65333 Eltville - Venjakob, Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. - Cefla Finishing Group Augsburger Str. 4 – 6 Via Bicocca 14/c D-33353 Rheda-Wiedenbrck I-40026 Imola (BO)

Curtain Coating Machines

- Maschinenfabrik Brkle - Cefla Finishing Group Stuttgarter Str. 6 Via Bicocca 14/c D-41334 Nettetal I-40026 Imola (BO)

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Ancillary Equipment – Manufacturers’ References

Driers

- TESOMA GmbH - Cefla Finishing Group Gottfried-Schenker-Strasse 17 Via Bicocca 14/c D-09244 Lichtenau I-40026 Imola (BO)

- GTB Gesellschaft fr - Rollmac GE.MA.TA. SPA. Trocknung & Beschichtung mbH Via Postale Vecchia, 77 In den Schafwiesen 19 36070 Trissino (VI) D-71720 Oberstenfeld

Exhaust Systems

- GWE Lufttechnik Wiechmannsallee 3 D-27798 Hude

Colour Measurement Systems

- Datacolor AG Brandbachstrasse 10 CH-8305 Dietlikon / Zurich

Sewage Technology

- Enviro-Chemie GmbH In der Leppsteinswiesen 9 D- 64380 Rossdorf

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Appendix 3:

Literature References

[1] ANSI Z26.1 - 1990, Test 16: American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land Highways - Safety Code. Weathering, Test 16. 1990. SAE International [2] DIN 50 017: Kondenswasser Prfklimate. Oktober 1982. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [3] EN ISO 6988 (Ersatz fr DIN 50 018 : 1988-06): Metallische und andere anorganische Überzge. Prfung mit Schwefeldioxid unter allgemeiner Feuchtigkeitskondensation. 1995-01. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [4] Operating Instructions for Taber Models 5130 & 5150, Digital Abrasers with LED Readouts. Taber Industries, North Tonawanda, NY 14120, 1994 [5] DIN 38 414, Teil 3: Schlamm und Sedimente (Gruppe S), Bestimmung der Eluierbarkeit mit Wasser (S4). Oktober 1984. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [6] DIN 18 516, Teil 4: Außenwandbekleidung, hinterlftet. Einscheiben Sicherheitsglas. Anforderung, Bemessung, Prfung. Feb. 1990. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [7] DIN 52 292, Teil 1: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit. Doppelringbiegeversuch an plattenfrmigen Proben mit kleinen Prfflächen, April 1984. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [8] DIN 52 338: Kugelfallversuch an Glas fr bauliche Anlagen. Aug. 1977. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [9] ANSI Z26.1 - 1990, Test 17 und Test 18: American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land Highways - Safety Code. Abrasion Resistance, Test 17. Abrasion Resistance, Test 18 (Safety Glass). 1990. SAE International [10] DIN 53 754: Bestimmung des Abriebs nach dem Reibradverfahren. Jun 1977. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [11] DIN 52 303: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit. März 1983. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [12] DIN EN 122: Bestimmung der chemischen Beständigkeit. Glasierte Fliesen und Platten. Okt 1991. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [13] DIN 12 116: Bestimmung der Säurebeständigkeit und Einteilung der Gläser in Säureklassen. Mai 1976. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin [14] DIN 51 035: Bestimmung der Resistenz von eingebrannten Aufglasurfarben und Dekoren gegenber alkalischen Reinigungsmitteln. Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin

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The Complete Ferro Package for the Glass World

Automotive Silver Pastes Ferro offers a full range of products and services for flat and automotive glass, adding value to our Designed to be fully compatible with our black customer’s final glass products the world over. Our obscuration pastes, our silver paste line allows us to technical service experts and local sales office offer a full package of products for automotive glass personnel will be pleased to advise on any aspect of producers. We offer several standard silver contents, your individual requirements. allowing the user to tailor properties of individual parts. Also, check out our latest developments in silver pastes for fine-line printing, which are Flat Glass increasingly adopted by the major car manufacturers. A full line of intermixable or custom-matched products for all market segments, including building glass, appliance glass and glass furniture. LustReflex Decorative Reflective Coatings LustReflex is an exciting new brand of super- Automotive Glass reflective decorative coatings, which are easy to apply by screenprinting, also over large print areas. A comprehensive range of lead-free, cadmium-free The Gold LustReflex TLU0055A could be used inside black obscuration band systems for: laminated glass or the inner sides of insulating glass  Tempered glass side-lites or back-lites units. The Silver LustReflex TLU0050B offers a high Materials specially formulated to suit all types of durability and scratch resistance, which allows the glass tempering, ranging from gravity-bend, to application outside on side 1 of the glass. DBO4 –type furnaces, to deep-bend processing. An enormous variety of decorative, mirror-like High opacity systems. coatings can be created using conventional screen- Anti-stick systems. print and tempering operations. They can be Silver-hiding systems. overprinted or combined with an additional print on High durability systems. the reverse side of the glass to increase the range of Systems designed to satisfy the exacting decorative effect possibilities. specifications of the major automobile manufacturers.  Laminated glass windshields and side-lites Anti-Reflective Coatings (ARC) Materials designed for gravity bend and press bend furnaces, which provide high opacity black The screen-printable antireflective paste bands, and anti-stick properties when needed. TLU0059B01 enhances the light transmission of Also products for Surface 2 application. glass. This improves energy efficiency of solar modules or cover glass for lighting.

Limitation of Warranty and Liability Ferro believes that the information contained in this document is accurate at the time of its publication. Ferro makes no warranty with respect to the information contained in this document. The information in this document is not a product specification, either in whole or in part. Your use of the information contained in this document and your purchase and use of this Ferro product are at your sole discretion. Downstream users are responsible for determination of the suitability of this product and for testing in specific applications. Nothing in this document shall be construed as a license for use that infringes upon any property rights of any third party. Please refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for safe use, handling and disposal information. All sales by Ferro to you are subject to Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale, as amended from time to time and available at www.ferro.com. In the event this document conflicts with Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale, Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale shall control.

FERRO GmbH I Gutleutstrasse 215 I D-60039 Frankfurt/Main Germany P +49 6927116.0 F +049 6927116.321 E [email protected] W ferro.com FG01 07, 2016

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USA Germany Japan South Korea Washington, PA Frankfurt/Main Tsukuba Seoul P +1-724-207-2300 P +49-69-27116-0 P +81-29-889-2144 P +82 31 489 8800 F +1-724-207-2301 F +49-69-27116-321 F +81-29-889-2490 F +82 31 492 6633

Mexico UK China Taiwan Mexico City Stoke-on-Trent Zibo Taipei P +52-55-50-90-7200 P +44-1782-820400 P +86 533 576 9609 P +886-2-2799-0886 F +52-55-57605154 F +44-1782-820402 F +86 533 578 1176 F +886-2-2799-6169

Brazil France India Thailand Americana, Sao Paulo P +33-607-916535 Pune Saraburi P +55-19-2108-9900 P +91-20-30201818 P +66 36-375027 F ++55 19-3461-9707 Italy F +91-20-30201819 F +66 36-375024 Fiorano Modenese P +39-0536-836711 Indonesia Australia F +39-0536-836710 Sidoarjo Victoria P +62-31-7882828 P +61-3-8782-0847 Portugal F +62-31-7882727 F +61 3 8782 0916 Aveiro P +351 234 729250 Malaysia F +351 234 729259 Kuala Lumpur P +603-9221-2128 Russia F +603-9222-3328 Saint Petersburg P +7 812 612 85 81 P +7 812 612 85 79

Spain Castellon P +34-964-50-44-50 F +34-964-50-44-21

Turkey Kadıkoy, Istanbul P +90-216-360-7554 F +90-216-360-7596

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Ferro believes that the information contained in this document is accurate at the Please refer our Material Safety time of its publication. Ferro makes no warranty with respect to the information Data Sheet for safe handling and contained in this document. The information in this document is not a product use of our products, prior to use. specifcation, either in whole or in part. Your use of the information contained in this document and your purchase and use of this Ferro product are at your sole discretion. Downstream users are responsible for determination of the suitability of this product and for testing in specifc applications. Nothing in this document shall be construed as a license for use that infringes upon any property rights of any third party. Please refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for safe use, handling and disposal information. All sales by Ferro to you are subject to Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale, as amended from time to time and available at www.ferro.com. In the event this document conficts with Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale, Ferro’s Terms and Conditions of Sale shall control. ®FERRO. Where innovation delivers performance™

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