New Combinations in Schoenoplectus (Cyperaceae) from China
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Lecture 24: "Graminoid" Monocots IB 168, Spring 2006
Lecture 24: "Graminoid" monocots IB 168, Spring 2006 Graminoid monocots: A clade in Poales of usually wind-pollinated taxa, sister to Bromeliaceae and without showy flowers. Three families of graminoid monocots have a worldwide distribution and are prominent members of north temperate and boreal regions of the world: (1) Cyperaceae (sedges, tules, papyrus, and relatives), (2) Juncaceae (rushes and wood-rushes), and, especially, (3) Poaceae (grasses). All three families share conspicuous attributes (and appear superficially similar): Narrow, elongate leaves (parallel venation) with sheath (basal) and blade Perianth reduced or absent (not showy) Nectaries lacking (wind-pollinated) In Cyperaceae and Poaceae, seeds are only 1 per ovary (Ovaries superior, with 1--3 locules, 2--3 stigmas) (Stamens 3 or 6) Family attributes: (1) Poaceae (grasses), also called Gramineae (conserved name) - Highly diverse (ca. 10,000 species in 600--650 genera), but not quite as many species as Compositae/Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae, or Rubiaceae - Worldwide distribution (except Antarctica) - Ecologically of critical importance in African savannas and veldt, Asian steppes, South American paramo/puna and pampas, and North American plains/prairie - Economically the most important plant family because it includes the grain or cereal crops [rice (Oryza), wheat (Triticum), corn or maize (Zea), rye (Secale), barley (Hordeum), oats (Avena), sorghum (Sorghum), millet (Panicum)] and sugar cane (Saccharum) -- all but corn/maize from Old World - Also economically critical because of importance for livestock fodder, soil conservation, wildlife habitat, and turf (intercalary growth allows for grazing or mowing without killing the plant), in addition to building materials (bamboos) Fossil record of grasses goes back ca. -
Bolboschoenus Glaucus (Lam.) S.G. Smith, a New Species in the Flora of the Ancient Near East
Veget Hist Archaeobot DOI 10.1007/s00334-011-0305-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G. Smith, a new species in the flora of the ancient Near East Miche`le M. Wollstonecroft • Zdenka Hroudova´ • Gordon C. Hillman • Dorian Q. Fuller Received: 5 October 2010 / Accepted: 23 May 2011 Ó Springer-Verlag 2011 Abstract Taxonomic advancement in the genus Bolbo- Bolboschoenus in present-day Turkey, indicating that it has schoenus (Cyperaceae, formerly included in the genus a long history of occurrence in this region. The environ- Scirpus) have resulted in the re-classification of the plant mental, ecological and economic implications of this new previously known as Bolboschoenus maritimus (synonym information suggest that it is entirely feasible that this plant Scirpus maritimus) into several closely-related but distinct provided late Pleistocene and Holocene Near Eastern Bolboschoenus species This improved taxonomy is of people with a dependable and possibly a staple food source. importance for archaeobotanical investigations of ancient sites within the temperate zones, where this genus fre- Keywords Bolboschoenus glaucus Á Epipalaeolithic Á quently occurs, because it allows more precise definitions Near East Á Neolithic Á Taxonomy Á Nutlet characteristics of the ecological requirements and growing habits of each species. Moreover, it details the distinct morphological and anatomical characteristics of the fruit (nutlets) of each Introduction species. Using these new nutlet classification criteria, we re-examined charred archaeological specimens which had Bolboschoenus maritimus (sea club-rush) is a semi-aquatic previously been identified as B. maritimus (or S. mariti- species of the Cyperaceae that produces edible nutlets, mus), from five Near Eastern late Pleistocene and early tubers and shoots (Fig. -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
Ifps Business Congress (Ipc) / Page 2: Presentation of New Ifps C (Ipc)
PPAALLYYNNOOSS ISSN 0256-1670 Volume 41 (1) – 2018 NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF PALYNOLOGICAL SOCIETIES 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONTENT OF PAL YNOS VOL. 40 (2) PALYNOLOGICAL P PAGE 1: IFPS BUSINESS CONGRESS (IPC) / PAGE 2: PRESENTATION OF NEW IFPS C (IPC) / COUNCILLORS XITH IOPC PAGE 3: IFPS SO CIETIES’ REPORTS PAGE 8: FUTURE MEETINGS JOINT MEETING, PRAGUE, PAGE 9: PALYNO LOGICAL HOMAGE PAGE 10: NEWS F ROM PALYNOLOGY CZECH REPUBLIC, RELATED FIELDS PAGE 19: CURRENT IFPS AFFILIATED SEPTEMBER 12–19, 2020 SOCIETIES AND COUNCILLORS PAGE 20: IMPRESSUM We would like to invite you to the XVth International Palynological Congress and XIth International Organization of Palaeobotany Conference from September 12th to 19th 2020 in Prague, Czech Republic. An international joint meeting of the whole community is dedicated to the 200th Anniversary of Modern Palaeobotany, as IIFFPPSS BBUSINESS 1820 was the starting point of palaeobotanical nomenclature infered from the the first issue of “Flora der Vorwelt” the principal work of the Czech “Father of Palaeobotany“ Kaspar Maria von Sternberg. Palynology and Palaeobotany have a long tradition in the Czech and Slovak Republics 1820 – 2020: 200 YEARS OF with several famous pioneers including 1820 – 2020: 200 Kaspar Maria von Sternberg, Karl and Otakar MODERN PALAEOBOTANY Feistmantels, August Joseph Corda, Dionýz Štúr, Karel Bořivoj Presl, as well as world wide known Czech palynologists and palaeobotanists of the modern era e.g. Blanka Pacltová, Milada Vavrdová, Zlatko Kvaček, František Němejc, -
C6 Noncarice Sedge
CYPERACEAE etal Got Sedge? Part Two revised 24 May 2015. Draft from Designs On Nature; Up Your C 25 SEDGES, FOINS COUPANTS, LAÎCHES, ROUCHES, ROUCHETTES, & some mostly wet things in the sedge family. Because Bill Gates has been shown to eat footnotes (burp!, & enjoy it), footnotes are (italicized in the body of the text) for their protection. Someone who can spell caespitose only won way has know imagination. Much of the following is taken verbatim from other works, & often not credited. There is often not a way to paraphrase or rewrite habitat or descriptive information without changing the meaning. I am responsible for any mistakes in quoting or otherwise. This is a learning tool, & a continuation of an idea of my friend & former employer, Jock Ingels, LaFayette Home Nursery, who hoped to present more available information about a plant in one easily accessible place, instead of scattered though numerous sources. This is a work in perpetual progress, a personal learning tool, full uv misstakes, & written as a personal means instead of a public end. Redundant, repetitive, superfluous, & contradictory information is present. It is being consolidated. CYPERACEAE Sauergrasgewächse SEDGES, aka BIESIES, SEGGEN Formally described in 1789 by De Jussieu. The family name is derived from the genus name Cyperus, from the Greek kupeiros, meaning sedge. Many species are grass-like, being tufted, with long, thin, narrow leaves, jointed stems, & branched inflorescence of small flowers, & are horticulturally lumped with grasses as graminoids. Archer (2005) suggests the term graminoid be used for true grasses, & cyperoid be used for sedges. (If physical anthropologists have hominoids & hominids, why don’t we have graminoids & graminids?) There are approximately 104 genera, 4 subfamilies, 14 tribes, & about 5000 species worldwide, with 27 genera & 843 species in North America (Ball et al 2002). -
Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico. Arturo Gonzalez-Mas Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1964 Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico. Arturo Gonzalez-mas Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Gonzalez-mas, Arturo, "Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico." (1964). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 912. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/912 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—8802 microfilmed exactly as received GONZALEZ—MAS, Arturo, 1923- CYPERACEAE OF PUERTO RICO. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1964 B o ta n y University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan CYPERACEAE OF PUERTO RICO A Dissertation I' Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Botany and Plant Pathology by Arturo Gonzalez-Mas B.S., University of Puerto Rico, 1945 M.S., North Carolina State College, 1952 January, 1964 PLEASE NOTE: Not original copy. Small and unreadable print on some maps. Filmed as received. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS, INC. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to Dr. Clair A. Brown for his interest, guidance, and encouragement during the course of this investigation and for his helpful criticism in the preparation of the manuscript and illustrations. -
The Vascular Flora of Rarău Massif (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). Note Ii
Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy Tome XXXVI, 2013 BIOLOGY THE VASCULAR FLORA OF RARĂU MASSIF (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA). NOTE II ADRIAN OPREA1 and CULIŢĂ SÎRBU2 1 “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden, Str. Dumbrava Roşie, nr. 7-9, 700522–Iaşi, Romania 2 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, Faculty of Agriculture, Str. Mihail Sadoveanu, nr. 3, 700490–Iaşi, Romania Corresponding author: [email protected] This second part of the paper about the vascular flora of Rarău Massif listed approximately half of the whole number of the species registered by the authors in their field trips or already included in literature on the same area. Other taxa have been added to the initial list of plants, so that, the total number of taxa registered by the authors in Rarău Massif amount to 1443 taxa (1133 species and 310 subspecies, varieties and forms). There was signaled out the alien taxa on the surveyed area (18 species) and those dubious presence of some taxa for the same area (17 species). Also, there were listed all the vascular plants, protected by various laws or regulations, both internal or international, existing in Rarău (i.e. 189 taxa). Finally, there has been assessed the degree of wild flora conservation, using several indicators introduced in literature by Nowak, as they are: conservation indicator (C), threat conservation indicator) (CK), sozophytisation indicator (W), and conservation effectiveness indicator (E). Key words: Vascular flora, Rarău Massif, Romania, conservation indicators. 1. INTRODUCTION A comprehensive analysis of Rarău flora, in terms of plant diversity, taxonomic structure, biological, ecological and phytogeographic characteristics, as well as in terms of the richness in endemics, relict or threatened plant species was published in our previous note (see Oprea & Sîrbu 2012). -
Isolepis Tenella, a New Combination in Cyperaceae
Isolepis tenella, a New Combination in Cyperaceae A. Muthama Muasya East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 45166, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; and Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany & Microbiology, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [email protected] David A. Simpson Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, United Kingdom. [email protected] Erik Smets Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany & Microbiology, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [email protected] ABSTRACT . Since the publication of a monograph on Also, typical Cyperus-like spikelets are observed in Isolepis (Cyperaceae) in 2002, further data on the Ficinia, but the latter genus is diagnosed by the genus have been collected, necessitating additional presence of a hypogynous disk. nomenclatural change. Isolepis is a predominantly A phylogenetic study of Cyperus s.l. (Muasya et al., southern hemisphere genus with high species di- 2002), utilizing plastid (rbcL, rps16 intron, trnL intron, versity in South Africa and Australia. A new and trnL-F intergenic spacer) sequence data resolved combination is made here: Isolepis tenella (L.f.) Cyperus tenellus L.f. embedded within the Isolepis– Muasya & D. A. Simpson, transferring an aberrant Ficinia clade and sister to Isolepis cernua (Vahl) annual previously named Cyperus tenellus. Roemer & Schultes. This position has been confirmed Key words: Cyperaceae, Cyperus tenellus, Isolepis by an expanded analysis of Cyperaceae incorporating tenella. rbcL sequence data (Simpson et al., in press). We are convinced that this taxon belongs to Isolepis and make Recent systematic studies in the genus Isolepis R. -
See Although Scirpus Misapplied the Quite Speci
Florae Malesianae Precursores XIX. Notes on Malaysian and some S.E. Asian Cyperaceae VI by J.H. Kern (Rijksherbarium, Leiden) (Issued Oct. 2nd, 195®) I. SCIRPUS ERECTUS POIR. AND S. LATERIFLORUS GMEL. Clarke the Although saw type of Scirpus erectus Poir. in the Paris Herbarium he misapplied the name to a quite different species occurring in Madagascar, S. and E. Asia, and tropical Australia. Herein he was followed by Ridley, Merrill, Backer, and others. It has now generally been that the accepted correct name of this species is Scirpus juncoides Roxb. and that the name Scirpus erectus Poir. does not belong to its synonymy. After having examined the type of S. erectus I am convinced that the cleared Chermezon question was admirably up by (see Arch. Bot. 4, 1931, 26, and also in Humbert, Fl. Madag., fam. 29, 1937, 149). is much Scirpus erectus nearer to the European S. supinus L. than to S. juncoides Roxb. It differs from S. supinus by the larger spikelets, the larger, more distinctly mucronate glumes, the bristly appendage of the bifid and the connective, style, the larger, biconvex, only faintly wavy- ridged, elliptic or suborbicular nuts. It is an African species extending from the Mediterranean region through tropical Africa to Madagascar and Mauritius. There can be no doubt that Isolepis uninodis Delile is conspecific Delile’s with Scirpus erectus Poir. description is very accurate: “épis ovoïdes-lanceolés écailles deux cylindriques, ovales, aiguës ... stigmates ... graine lenticulaire, transversalement vers les bords.” The ... rugueux differences with Scirpus supinus are clearly indicated: “ses graines [du S. supinus] sont ovoïdes-cunéiformes, trigones, ridées transversalement sur toute leur surface; ses styles sont trifides.” Moreover, Delile’s excellent figure leaves no doubt whatever on the identity of his species. -
Carex of New England
Field Guide to Carex of New England Lisa A. Standley A Special Publication of the New England Botanical Club About the Author: Lisa A. Standley is an environmental consultant. She obtained a B.S, and M.S. from Cornell University and Ph.D. from the University of Washington. She has published several articles on the systematics of Carex, particularly Section Phacocystis, and was the author of several section treatments in the Flora of North America. Cover Illustrations: Pictured are Carex pensylvanica and Carex intumescens. Field Guide to Carex of New England Lisa A. Standley Special Publication of the New England Botanical Club Copyright © 2011 Lisa A. Standley Acknowledgements This book is dedicated to Robert Reed, who first urged me to write a user-friendly guide to Carex; to the memory of Melinda F. Denton, my mentor and inspiration; and to Tony Reznicek, for always sharing his expertise. I would like to thank all of the people who helped with this book in so many ways, particularly Karen Searcy and Robert Bertin for their careful editing; Paul Somers, Bruce Sorrie, Alice Schori, Pam Weatherbee, and others who helped search for sedges; Arthur Gilman, Melissa Dow Cullina, and Patricia Swain, who carefully read early drafts of the book; and to Emily Wood, Karen Searcy, and Ray Angelo, who provided access to the herbaria at Harvard University, the University of Massachusetts, and the New England Botanical Club. CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................................................1 -
Introduction to Florida's Graminoids
CENTRAL FLORIDA GRAMINOID IDENTIFICATION WORKSHOP Introduction to Florida’s Graminoids Erick A. Revuelta St. Johns River Water Management District October 2019 GRAMINOIDS Graminoids: grass and grass-like plants. Specifically: grasses (GRAMINEAE/POACEAE), sedges (CYPERACEAE) and rushes (JUNCACEAE). Adapted to a wide range of conditions: • Anaerobic soil conditions (wetlands) • Xeric conditions • Saline environments (saltmarshes) • Fire Erick Revuelta 2019 FLORIDAFLORIDA GRAMINOIDSGRAMINOIDS Graminoids account for nearly 16% of species in Florida POACEAE – 446 species CYPERACEAE – 276 species JUNCACEAE – 24 species Graminoid-dominated communities represent • 30% of Florida’s natural communities • 18% of Florida’s land mass Erick Revuelta 2019 FLORIDA GRAMINOIDS Notable species: Aristida stricta (POACEAE) • Wet flatwoods • Mesic flatwoods • Scrubby flatwoods • Sandhill • Upland pine Spartina alterniflora (POACEAE) • Saltmarsh Cladium jamaicense (CYPERACEAE) • Everglades marsh • Freshwater marsh • Floodplain marsh Juncus roemerianus (JUNCACEAE) • Juncus marsh Erick Revuelta 2019 AA grass,grass, asedge sedge or or rush? a rush? Sedges have edges, rushes are round, grasses have joints all the way to the ground USUALLY! Some sedges don’t have obvious edges Rushes are always round but so are many grasses and sedges Grass nodes or joints are not always easy to find Diminutive parts and superficial similarities make graminoid identification difficult… Does it really matter? A grass, a sedge or a rush? Take time and work through each of these questions. -
Cyperaceae of Alberta
AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE CYPERACEAE OF ALBERTA Compiled and writen by Linda Kershaw and Lorna Allen April 2019 © Linda J. Kershaw & Lorna Allen This key was compiled using information primarily from and the Flora North America Association (2008), Douglas et al. (1998), and Packer and Gould (2017). Taxonomy follows VASCAN (Brouillet, 2015). The main references are listed at the end of the key. Please try the key this summer and let us know if there are ways in which it can be improved. Over the winter, we hope to add illustrations for most of the entries. The 2015 S-ranks of rare species (S1; S1S2; S2; S2S3; SU, according to ACIMS, 2015) are noted in superscript ( S1; S2;SU) after the species names. For more details go to the ACIMS web site. Similarly, exotic species are followed by a superscript X, XX if noxious and XXX if prohibited noxious (X; XX; XXX) according to the Alberta Weed Control Act (2016). CYPERACEAE SedgeFamily Key to Genera 1b 01a Flowers either ♂ or ♀; ovaries/achenes enclosed in a sac-like or scale-like structure 1a (perigynium) .....................Carex 01b Flowers with both ♂ and ♀ parts (sometimes some either ♂ or ♀); ovaries/achenes not in a perigynium .........................02 02a Spikelets somewhat fattened, with keeled scales in 2 vertical rows, grouped in ± umbrella- shaped clusters; fower bristles (perianth) 2a absent ....................... Cyperus 02b Spikelets round to cylindrical, with scales 2b spirally attached, variously arranged; fower bristles usually present . 03 03a Achenes tipped with a rounded protuberance (enlarged style-base; tubercle) . 04 03b Achenes without a tubercle (achenes 3a 3b often beaked, but without an enlarged protuberence) .......................05 04a Spikelets single; stems leafess .