Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Programs: The Department offers the following Programs:- Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering

M.Eng Soil and Water Engineering Farm Power and Machinery Engineering Agricultural Products Processing and Storage Engineering Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering Food Engineering

Ph.D Soil and Water Engineering Farm Power and Machinery Engineering Agricultural Products Processing and Storage Engineering Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering

Philosophy Agricultural and Environmental Engineering emerged as a result of pressing need for more agricultural products through application of machine and engineering principles to agriculture without degrading the environment. Agricultural and Environmental Engineering is an inherently interdisciplinary field. Agricultural and Environmental Engineering involves designing environmental protection or remediation strategies for multiple resources-water, air and soil, often with combinations of physical, chemical and biological treatment methods in the context of a complex regulatory framework. The program is dedicated to providing life-long development, instilling a sense of professional responsibility, and serving our society.

The philosophy of the postgraduate program in the Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering is in line with that of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi which is aimed at integrating teaching, research and extension in agriculture into a unified curriculum to solve real and practical problems of the community it serves. The educational system is to enhance productive processes in agriculture necessary to increase food availability beyond self-sufficiency level. The general philosophy therefore is to produce graduates with high academic standard and adequate practical background for self-employment in a knowledge economy as well as being of immediate value to industry and the community in general.

Goals and Objectives The general aims and objectives of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering training is in consonance with the realization of national needs and aspirations vis-à-vis industrial development and technological emancipation. The training provides the academic standard required to meet these needs and to produce graduates with sufficient academic background and practical experience who would be able to rise to the challenges of a developing economy.

The primary objectives of the postgraduate programs in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering are:- To produce adequate number and quality, competent professionals in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering. Advance knowledge through conduct of basic, applied and adaptive research, to solve practical problems and to generate new technologies. To increase or protect agricultural production by providing suitable environment for growth, harvesting, processing, transportation and storage. To maintain or change the natural characteristics of biological products for a particular use To reduce the physical drudgery and provide desirable amenities for agricultural workers.

Career Prospects Career opportunities in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering are diverse. The graduates in the program are well equipped to meet the growing technical needs in agriculture and to advance the course of its further development. They find ready employment in the agro-based industries, irrigation and drainage companies, field construction companies, equipment manufacturing and distribution companies, rural electrification program, processing, storage and food engineering companies, research, teaching and design offices. They are also easily sel-f employed and generally find careers in the fields of pollution control or remediation of air, water and soil environments. This program helps prepare students for careers involving the application of engineering principles to agricultural production, food processing, and conservation of land and water resources.

Types and Duration of Diplomas and Degrees The Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering offers the following diplomas and degrees: Post Graduate Diploma in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering. The duration shall be for a minimum of four (4) semesters and a maximum of six semesters for full-time students. The program shall not be by part-time study. Master of Engineering (M.Eng.) degree program in the following areas: ·Soil and Water Engineering ·Farm Power and Machinery Engineering ·Agricultural products Processing and Storage Engineering

·Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering ·Food Engineering The duration shall be for a minimum of four (4) semesters and a maximum of six (6) semesters for full-time students or a minimum of six (6) and a maximum of eight (8) semesters for part-time students.

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) in any of the following areas: ·Soil and Water Engineering ·Farm Power and Machinery Engineering ·Agricultural Products Processing and Storage Engineering ·Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering The duration shall be for a minimum of six (6) semesters and a maximum of ten (10) semesters for full-time students and a minimum of ten (10) semesters and a maximum of fifteen (15) semesters for part-time students.

Nature of Program Post Graduate Diploma in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering runs as regular program with no specialization according to COREN specification. Candidates seeking admission to undertake PGD in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering study all core courses in all the specialized options in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering. A student is required to carry a minimum of 61 credit load. Project report work of 6 credit load on a split semester basis is submitted for assessment which is part of the minimum credit load. A total of twelve (12) credit loads is considered as electives, with at least 3 credits loads chosen from each of the semesters. A maximum credit load of seventy three (73) units is therefore considered.

Candidates for the Master of Engineering (M. Eng.) degree shall be by course work with a written examination and a thesis. Candidates shall take a minimum of 37 credits of prescribed coursework in addition to 12 units of thesis. Students are required to pass all prescribed courses with a minimum CGPA of 3.5 before commencement of research work. Thesis is graded on pass or fail basis. Students are free to audit courses outside the Department and College if they feel such courses shall help them in their research work

Doctor of Philosophy Degree shall be by course work and comprehensive research. Candidates shall take 18 credit units of prescribed course work. A candidate shall qualify for commencement of research work and subsequent oral examination of thesis after satisfying the requirements of course work in the first year of registration with a minimum CGPA of 3.5.

Mode of Evaluation/Examination All candidates shall be required to register for and take an approved combination of courses, subject to the minimum credit units. There shall be no resit examination. A candidate who fails in any required course shall register for it and be re- examined at the appropriate time. Examination shall consist of written examination, seminar, written reports for course work and an oral examination (project/thesis defence). Continuous Assessment (CA): This consists of regular monitoring and evaluation of student's performance and progress through tests, quizzes, assignments, laboratory/field practical, etc. A minimum of three continuous assessments shall be required for each course and shall constitute 30% of the course. Examinations: Examination shall be administered at the end of the course, which is usually at the end of the semester. The examinations may take the form of written, oral, practical, dissertations or any others as approved by Chief Examiner for the Department.

Grading/Weighting System The overall performance in a course in a particular semester shall be the weighted aggregate of continuous assessment and main examination scores expressed in percentage (%). Percentage scores are assigned letter grades (A – F) and converted to the corresponding grade points (5 – 0) consistent with the approved scoring and grading systems shown in Table 1.

Pass Mark: The pass mark shall vary according to the non-degree and degree type as follows: Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) - pass grade shall be “D” which translates to a minimum score of 45%. M.Eng/PhD - pass grade shall be “C” which translates to a minimum score of 50%. A student may score below the approved pass grade but earns points as appropriate.

Graduation Requirements To qualify for graduation: To qualify for the award of PGD in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, a candidate must satisfy written examination on the course work (70%), continuous assessment (30%) and submission of a comprehensive report of an independent project on a title approved by the department and assessed by the panel of examiners.

Candidates for Masters or Doctorate Degrees shall pass all prescribed courses in addition to presentation and successful defense of a thesis. A CGPA of at least 3.5 shall be earned. PGD Agricultural and Environmental Engineering COURSE STRUCTURE: First Semester Course Course Title Units code EAD 711 Machine Design and Drawing 3 EAD 713 Energy Application in Agriculture 3 EAD 715 Farm tractor and Equipment maintenance 2 EGD 701 Engineering Mathematics I 3 EGD 703 Engineer-in- Society 2 EMD 703 Fluid Mechanics 3 Sub-total 16 Electives (select at least 3 credit units ) EMD 701 Engineering Drawing and Graphics 3 EAD 717 Engineering Survey and Photogrammetry 3 EAD 719 Engineering Properties of structural Materials 2 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19

Second Semester Course code Course Title Unit EAD 712 Surface and Ground Water Hydrology 3 EGD 702 Engineering Mathematics II 2 EGD 704 Numerical Method and Computer Programming 3 EMD 702 Introduction to Engineering Materials 2 EMD 704 Heat and Mass Transfer 3 EMD 706 Mechanics of machine 3 Sub-total 16 Electives (select at least 3 credit units) EAD 714 Handling and Storage of Agricultural Products 3 EAD 716 Drainage 2 EMD 708 Strength of Materials 2 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19

Third Semester

Course Code Course Title EAD 721 Farm power EAD 723 Farm Structures and Design EAD 799A Project I EGD 705 Engineering Management, Law and Entrepreneurship EGD 707 Technical report writing and Presentation EGD 709 Statistical Method for Engineers Sub-total Electives (select at least 3 credit units) EAD 725 Farm Electrification EAD 727 Irrigation EAD 729 Engineering Properties of Biomaterials Sub-total Total

Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title EAD 722 Farm Machinery EAD 724 Land clearing and Development EAD 726 Rural water supply and Sanitation EAD 728 Farmstead Planning and Control EAD 732 Food Processing and Plant Design EAD 799B Project II TOTAL Electives (select at least 3 credit units) EAD 734 Environmental and waste management Engineering EAD 736 Crop Processing Techniques EAD 738 Theory of Cultivation Practices Sub-total TOTAL

Minimum CCE for Graduation = 73

M.ENG - Soil and Water Engineering Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 801 Experimental Design and Analysis 2 AEE 803 Instrumentation and Measurement in 2 Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering AEE 805 Numerical Analysis 3 Core Courses AEE 811 Soil and water Conservation Engineering 3 AEE 813 Advanced Surface Hydrology 3 AEE 815 Open channel Hydraulics 3 Sub-total 16 Elective Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 817 Advanced Soil-Water-Plant Relationship 3 AEE 819 Dam Design and Reservoir Operations 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19

Second Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 802 Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Seminar 2 AEE 804 Statistics 3 AEE 806 Environmental Impact Analysis 1 Core Courses AEE 810 Irrigation Systems Design and Management 3 AEE 812 Advanced Groundwater Hydrology 3 AEE 814 Advanced Agricultural Land Drainage 3 Sub-total 15 Electives Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 816 Agricultural Land and Water Management 3 AEE 818 Water Supply and Storage 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 18 Third Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis 12 TOTAL 12 Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis 12 TOTAL 12

Minimum Graduating CCE = 49

PhD - Soil and Water Engineering First semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 901 Special Problems in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering 2 AEE 903 Environmental Impact Analysis 1 AEE 905 Seminar 2 Core Courses AEE 911 Sediment Transport and Earthen Channel Design 2 AEE 913 Applied Hydrology 2 Total 9

Second Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 902 Experimental Design 2 AEE 904 Computer Modelling of Agricultural an d Environmental 3 systems Core Courses AEE 912 Water Resources Development for Agricultural Purposes 2 AEE 914 Advanced Soil Physics 2 TOTAL 9

Third Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Fifth Semester

Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24

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Sixth Semester

Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 42

M.Eng - Farm power and Machinery First Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 801 Experimental Design and Analysis 2 AEE 803 Instrumentation and Measurement in Agricultural and 2 Biosystems Engineering AEE 805 Numerical Analysis 3 Core Courses AEE 821 Advanced Farm Equipment Design and Evaluation 3 AEE 823 Traction and Trafficability on Farms 3 AEE 825 Advanced Machine Drawing 3 Sub-total 16 Electives Courses (select one of the courses ) AEE 827 Advanced Farm power Systems 3 AEE 829 Analysis of Tractor and Implements 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19 Second Semester

Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 802 Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Seminar 2 AEE 804 Statistics 3 AEE 806 Environmental Impact Analysis 1 Core Courses AEE 822 Advanced Farm Power and Machinery Management 3 AEE 824 Advanced Soil Mechanics and Soil Conservation 3 AEE 826 Principles and Application of Ergonomics 3 Sub-total 15 Elective Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 828 Livestock Production Engineering 3 AEE 820 Mechanization of Plantation Agriculture 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 18 Third Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis 12 TOTAL 12

Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis 12 TOTAL 12 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 49 PhD - Farm Power and Machinery First semester

Course Code Course Title Common Courses AEE 901 Special Problems in Agricultural Engineering AEE 903 Environmental Impact Analysis AEE 905 Seminar Core Courses AEE 921 Tractor and other Farm Power Systems AEE 923 Earth Moving Machine and Machinery TOTAL

Second Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 902 Experimental Design 2 AEE 904 Computer Modeling of Agricultural systems 3 Core courses AEE 922 Tillage Machines and Machinery 2 AEE 924 Planting and Fertilizer Application Machinery 2 TOTAL 9 Third Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24

Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis TOTAL

Fifth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24

Sixth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 42 M.Eng – Agricultural Products Processing and Storage First Semester

Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 801 Experimental Design and Analysis 2 AEE 803 Instrumentation and Measurement in Agricultural and 2 Biosystems Engineering AEE 805 Numerical Analysis 3 Core Courses AEE 853 Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation 3

AEE 855 Fermentation Engineering 3 AEE 859 Food Rheology 3 Sub-total 16 Electives Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 851 Advanced Heat and Mass Transfer 3 AEE 835 Analysis and Selection of some Processing Equipment 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19 Second Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 802 Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Seminar 2 AEE 804 Statistics 3 AEE 806 Environmental Impact Analysis 1 Core Courses AEE 852 Technology of Packaging (Perishable Produce and 3

AEE 854 Advanced Food and Bio -Process Engineering 3

AEE 856 Unit Operations in Industrial Food Processing 3

Sub-total 15

Elective Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 858 Finite Difference and Finite Element Method 3 AEE 850 Marketing Research and Information Systems 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 18 Third Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis TOTAL Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis TOTAL Minimum CCE for Graduation = 49

Common Courses AEE 701 Special Problems in Agricultural Engineering AEE 703 Environmental Impact Analysis AEE 705 Seminar Core Courses AEE 731 Bio-Process Engineering AEE 733 Industrial Food Processing and Storage TOTAL Second Semester Course Code Course Title Common Courses AEE 702 Experimental Design AEE 704 Computer Modelling of Agricultural systems Core Courses AEE 732 Design of Storage Structures AEE 734 Experimental Stress Analysis TOTAL Third Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 799 Ph.D Thesis TOTAL

Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 799 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Fifth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Sixth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 42

M.Eng - Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering First semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 801 Experimental Design and Analysis 2 AEE 803 Instrumentation and Measurement in Agricultural and 2 Biosystems Engineering AEE 805 Numerical Analysis 3 Core Courses AEE 841 Farm Estate Planning and Design 3 AEE 843 Structural Analysis and Design of Farm Buildings 3 AEE 845 Agricultural Waste Treatment and System Design 3 Sub-total 16 Electives Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 847 Livestock Housing 3 AEE 831 Metrology in Engineering properties of Biomaterials 3 Sub-total 3 TOTAL 19

Second Semester Course Code Course Title Common Courses AEE 802 Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Seminar AEE 804 Statistics AEE 806 Environmental Impact Analysis Core Courses AEE 842 Environmental control in Farm Building and Structures AEE 844 Solar Energy Utilization in Agriculture AEE 846 Agricultural Waste Utilization Sub-total Elective Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 848 Rural Infrastructural Engineering AEE 840 Agricultural Building Production Processes Sub-total TOTAL

Third Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis TOTAL Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis 12 TOTAL 12 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 49

PhD- Farm Structures and Environmental Engineering First semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 901 Special Problems in Agricultural Engineering 2 AEE 903 Environmental Impact Analysis 1 AEE 905 Seminar 2 Core Courses AEE 941 Building Science 1 AEE 943 Metrology in Engineering properties of Biomaterials 2 AEE 945 Environmental Health Engineering 1 TOTAL 9 Second Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 902 Experimental Design 2 AEE 904 Computer Modeling of Agricultural systems 3 Core Courses AEE 942 Stability of Structures 2 AEE 944 Computational Methods 2 TOTAL 9

Third Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Fourth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24

Fifth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24

Sixth Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit AEE 999 Ph.D Thesis 24 TOTAL 24 Minimum CCE for Graduation = 42

M.Eng – FOOD ENGINEERING First semester Course Code Course Title Credit Unit Common Courses AEE 801 Experimental Design and Analysis 2 AEE 803 Instrumentation and Measurement in Agricultural and 2 Biosystems Engineering AEE 805 Numerical Analysis 3 Core Courses AEE 853 Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation 3

AEE 855 Fermentation Engineering 3 AEE 859 Food Rheology 3 Sub-total 16

Electives Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 851 Advanced Heat and Mass Transfer AEE 835 Analysis and Selection of some Processing Equipment Sub-total TOTAL

AEE 856 Unit Operations in Industrial Food Processing Sub-total Elective Courses (select one of the courses) AEE 858 Finite Difference and Finite Element Method AEE 850 Marketing Research and Information Systems Sub-total TOTAL

Third Semester Course Code Course Title AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis TOTAL Fourth Seme ster Course Code Course Title AEE 899 M.Eng Thesis TOTAL Minimum CCE for Graduation = 49