DOCSLIB.ORG

Diversity of the Composition and Content of Soluble Carbohydrates in Seeds of the Genus Vicia (Leguminosae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diversity of the Composition and Content of Soluble Carbohydrates in Seeds of the Genus Vicia (Leguminosae) Genet Resour Crop Evol (2018) 65:541–554 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-017-0552-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Diversity of the composition and content of soluble carbohydrates in seeds of the genus Vicia (Leguminosae) Lesław Bernard Lahuta . Monika Ciak . Wojciech Rybin´ski . Jan Bocianowski . Andreas Bo¨rner Received: 15 March 2017 / Accepted: 14 August 2017 / Published online: 30 August 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Low molecular weight carbohydrates of and its a-D-galactosides—in V. articulata, V. monantha seeds of 10 species of Vicia, namely: V. angustifolia, and V. pannonica or D-ononitol and its galactoside—in V. articulata, V. cordata, V. ervilia, V. johannis, V. V. ervilia). Among the species containing in seeds RFOs macrocarpa, V. monantha, V. narbonensis, V. pan- as the main a-D-galactosides (V. angustifolia, V. nonica and V. sativa were analyzed by the high cordata, V. johanensis, V. macrocarpa, V. narbonensis resolution gas chromatography method. Seeds of the and V. sativa), an additional subgroup can be separated, investigated species contain common (glucose, fruc- which contains a set of unknown compounds (found in tose, myo-inositol, sucrose, galactinol, di-galactosyl V. angustifolia, V. cordata and V. macrocarpa). More- myo-inositol and raffinose family oligosaccharides— over, several other unidentified carbohydrate-containing RFOs) and species-specific carbohydrates (D-pinitol compounds were detected exclusively in seeds of V. ervilia. The concentrations of total soluble carbohy- drates (TSCs), including sugars, RFOs, cyclitols and Electronic supplementary material The online version of galactosyl cyclitols and unknown compounds, in seeds this article (doi:10.1007/s10722-017-0552-y) contains supple- mentary material, which is available to authorized users. differ significantly (P \ 0.05) among the species. RFOs and sucrose are the main fractions in TSCs, with the L. B. Lahuta (&) Á M. Ciak exception of V. pannonica seeds, containing more Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and galactosyl pinitols, and V. ervilia, in which unknown Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, compounds account for 50% of TSCs. In V. ervilia -1 Poland RFOs occur at the lowest concentration (9.32 mg g e-mail: [email protected] seeds), and the concentration of DGMI (di-galactosyl myo-inositol) is comparable with that of RFOs, which is W. Rybin´ski Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics unusual among all the investigated Vicia species. Polish Academy of Science, Strzeszyn´ska 34, 60-101 Poznan, Poland Keywords Vicia Á Seeds Á Chemotaxonomy Á Carbohydrate Á Raffinose oligosaccharides Á Pinitol J. Bocianowski Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan´ University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland Introduction A. Bo¨rner Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant The genus Vicia L. comprises about 160 annual and Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany perennial species, which are distributed in Europe, 123 542 Genet Resour Crop Evol (2018) 65:541–554 Asia, Americas and tropical East Africa (Schaefer that of RFOs (up to 12%, in lupin, Gulewicz et al. et al. 2012). A few important annual species, such as V. 2014). Galactosyl pinitols (ciceritol and galactopinitol narbonensis L. (narbon vetch), V. sativa L. subsp. A) predominate among GalCs (Obendorf et al. 2012). sativa (common vetch), V. ervilia (L.) Willd. (bitter Infrageneric variation of RFOs and GalCs in seeds vetch) and V. villosa Roth subsp. dasycarpa (hairy- of Vicia genus was characterized by Yasui et al. pod vetch) are grown for livestock feed in non-tropical (1987). In the chemotaxonomic studies, these authors dry areas. The grains of these vetches can be used as analyzed 29 species, including 19 accessions of less costly sources of proteins and energy for rumi- common vetch and 3 accessions of narbon vetch. In nants and non-ruminants. However, seeds of some the seeds of the two latter species, RFOs are the only Vicia species contain also toxins and antinutritional a-D-galactosides, and verbascose was the predominant compounds, restricting their use as food and feed oligosaccharide (1.2–2.0% of dry mass). Verbascose is (Enneking and Wink 2000). Moreover, the presence of also a major oligosaccharide in bitter vetch (Muzquiz raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs: including et al. 2012). Seeds of few other Vicia species raffinose, stachyose, verbascose, ajugose), ubiquitous accumulate considerable amounts of D-pinitol and its for seeds of all legumes (Obendorf and Go´recki 2012), galactosides (Yasui et al. 1987; Lahuta et al. 2005a). is an additional factor decreasing the use of vetch The higher concentration of galactosyl pinitols than seeds by monogastric animals and humans. RFOs are RFOs in seeds is a unique feature and has been found a-D-galactosides of sucrose, containing 1–4 units of only in the subgenus Cracca, in seeds of V. villosa galactose linked by a-1,6 linkages. They are not Roth, V. cracca L. (Yasui et al. 1987; Lahuta et al. digested in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, 2005a; Lahuta 2006) and V. tenuifolia Roth (Lahuta due to the absence of endogenous a-D-galactosidase, et al. 2010a). The characterization of low molecular and are therefore available for bacterial fermentation weight carbohydrates in seeds of legumes from in the colon, causing flatulence and digestive discom- different taxa allowed Yasui and Ohashi (1990)to fort (Martı´nez-Villaluenga et al. 2008). In seeds of conclude that the accumulation of RFOs is a primary some legumes, including several Vicia species, beside evolutionary attribute of legumes, whereas the syn- RFOs, a-D-galactosides of cyclitols (galactosyl cycli- thesis of myo-inositol methyl derivatives: D-ononitol, tols, GalCs) are present (Yasui and Ohashi 1990), D-pinitol and D-bornesitol and their a-D-galactosides, whose flatulent potential seems to be lower than RFOs. is a secondary trait. The confirmation of this hypoth- The physiological effects of GalCs are not known. esis can be found in catalytic properties of enzymes However, cyclitols (myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, D- engaged in RFOs biosynthetic pathway and the lack of pinitol), released during GalCs hydrolysis in the identification of enzymes responsible exclusively for digestive tract, indicate some health benefit properties the synthesis of galactosyl cyclitols (Peterbauer et al. (insulin-mimetic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory 2003). The biosynthetic pathway of RFOs is deter- and anticancer activity) and can be used as diet mined by the activity of galactinol synthase (GolS), supplements with therapeutic properties (Croze and catalyzing the synthesis of galactinol from UDP- Soulage 2013). Thus, legume seeds can be used not galactose and myo-inositol. Galactinol is the main only as foodstuff, but also as a source of health- galactosyl donor for the synthesis of raffinose, promoting cyclitols. stachyose and verbascose (Peterbauer and Richter The content and composition of a-D-galactosides in 2001). Raffinose synthase (RS), transferring the seeds was characterized in detail in major legume galactosyl moiety from galactinol to sucrose (produc- crops: soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), pea (Pisum ing raffinose), and stachyose synthase (STS), trans- sativum L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), lentil (Lens ferring the galactosyl moiety from galactinol to culinaris L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The raffinose and stachyose (producing stachyose and concentration of RFOs is within the range of 2–12% of verbascose, respectively), indicate multifunctional dry matter and stachyose or verbascose are the properties. They are able to transfer galactose to D- prevalent oligosaccharides in seeds (Guillon and pinitol/D-ononitol and their galactosides (Peterbauer Champ 2002). The concentration of GalCs occurring et al. 2002a, b). Moreover, STS from pea indicates an in seeds of lentil, chickpea, soybean and lupin ability to catalyze the synthesis of verbascose from (Lupinus L.) is lower (up to 3–4%, in chickpea) than two molecules of stachyose (Peterbauer et al. 2003). 123 Genet Resour Crop Evol (2018) 65:541–554 543 The indirect confirmation of the synthesis of both establishment of the taxonomy of species of the genus RFOs and galactosyl pinitols by the same set of Vicia. enzymes was found in developing Vicia villosa seeds (Lahuta 2006). The profiles of enzyme activity and the accumulation of RFOs and galactosyl pinitols were Materials and methods very consistent. Additionally, in seeds of Vicia species naturally accumulating only myo-inositol and RFOs, Material and not D-pinitol/galactosyl pinitols, the activity directed towards the synthesis of ciceritol and tri- Seeds of 10 Vicia species were derived from Gene galactosyl pinitol A was found (Lahuta et al. 2010b). Bank in Gatersleben (Germany), whereas 17 cultivars The accumulation of higher amounts of galactosyl and breeding lines of Vicia sativa L. were derived pinitols in seeds may depend on D-pinitol (1D-3-O- from a collection of the Institute of Plant Genetics in methyl-chiro-inositol) at sufficiently high concentra- Poznan´ (Poland). The investigated Vicia species tions (Lahuta et al. 2005a, b, c, 2010a). This cyclitol is belong to subgenus Vicia, Cracca and Ervum. Seven synthesized from myo-inositol by myo-inositol methyl species from the sections: Vicia (V. angustifolia L., V. transferase (IMT), catalyzing the synthesis of D- cordata Wulfen ex Hoppe, V. macrocarpa
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Report
    Final Report Final pre-release investigations of the gorse thrips (Sericothrips staphylinus) as a biocontrol agent for gorse (Ulex europaeus) in North America Date: August 31, 2012 Award Number: 10-CA-11420004-184 Report Period: June 1, 2010– May 31, 2012 Project Period: June 1, 2010– May 31, 2012 Recipient: Oregon State University Recipient Contact Person: Fritzi Grevstad Principal Investigator/ Project Director: Fritzi Grevstad Introduction Gorse (Ulex europaeus) is an environmental weed classified as noxious in the states of Washington, Oregon, California, and Hawaii. A classical biological control program has been applied in Hawaii with the introduction of 4 gorse-feeding arthropods, but only two of these (a mite and a seed weevil) have been introduced to the mainland U.S. The two insects that have not yet been introduced include the gorse thrips, Sericothips staphylinus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and the moth Agonopterix umbellana (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). With prior support from the U.S. Forest Service (joint venture agreement # 07-JV-281), we were able to complete host specificity testing of S. staphylinus on 44 North American plant species that were on the original test plant list. However, following review of the proposed Test Plant List, the Technical Advisory Group on Biocontrol of Weeds (TAG) recommended that we include an additional 18 plant species for testing. In this report, we present host specificity testing and related objectives necessary to bring the program to the implementation stage. Objectives (1) Acquire and grow the additional 18 species of plants recommended by the TAG. (2) Complete host specificity trials for the gorse thrips on the 18 plant species.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
    The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory,
    [Show full text]
  • Atlas of the Flora of New England: Fabaceae
    Angelo, R. and D.E. Boufford. 2013. Atlas of the flora of New England: Fabaceae. Phytoneuron 2013-2: 1–15 + map pages 1– 21. Published 9 January 2013. ISSN 2153 733X ATLAS OF THE FLORA OF NEW ENGLAND: FABACEAE RAY ANGELO1 and DAVID E. BOUFFORD2 Harvard University Herbaria 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2020 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Dot maps are provided to depict the distribution at the county level of the taxa of Magnoliophyta: Fabaceae growing outside of cultivation in the six New England states of the northeastern United States. The maps treat 172 taxa (species, subspecies, varieties, and hybrids, but not forms) based primarily on specimens in the major herbaria of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, with most data derived from the holdings of the New England Botanical Club Herbarium (NEBC). Brief synonymy (to account for names used in standard manuals and floras for the area and on herbarium specimens), habitat, chromosome information, and common names are also provided. KEY WORDS: flora, New England, atlas, distribution, Fabaceae This article is the eleventh in a series (Angelo & Boufford 1996, 1998, 2000, 2007, 2010, 2011a, 2011b, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c) that presents the distributions of the vascular flora of New England in the form of dot distribution maps at the county level (Figure 1). Seven more articles are planned. The atlas is posted on the internet at http://neatlas.org, where it will be updated as new information becomes available. This project encompasses all vascular plants (lycophytes, pteridophytes and spermatophytes) at the rank of species, subspecies, and variety growing independent of cultivation in the six New England states.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of Vicia (Fabaceae) of Mexico
    24 LUNDELLIA DECEMBER, 2014 OVERVIEW OF VICIA (FABACEAE) OF MEXICO Billie L. Turner Plant Resources Center, The University of Texas, 110 Inner Campus Drive, Stop F0404, Austin TX 78712-1711 [email protected] Abstract: Vicia has 12 species in Mexico; 4 of the 12 are introduced. Two new names are proposed: Vicia mullerana B.L. Turner, nom. & stat. nov., (based on V. americana subsp. mexicana C.R. Gunn, non V. mexicana Hemsl.), and V. ludoviciana var. occidentalis (Shinners) B.L. Turner, based on V. occidentalis Shinners, comb. nov. Vicia pulchella Kunth subsp. mexicana (Hemsley) C.R. Gunn is better treated as V. sessei G. Don, the earliest name at the specific level. A key to the taxa is provided along with comments upon species relationships, and maps showing distributions. Keywords: Vicia, V. americana, V. ludoviciana, V. pulchella, V. sessei, Mexico. Vicia, with about 140 species, is widely (1979) provided an exceptional treatment distributed in temperate regions of both of the Mexican taxa, nearly all of which were hemispheres (Kupicha, 1982). Some of the illustrated by full-page line sketches. As species are important silage, pasture, and treated by Gunn, eight species are native to green-manure legumes. Introduced species Mexico and four are introduced. I largely such as V. faba, V. hirsuta, V. villosa, and follow Gunn’s treatment, but a few of his V. sativa are grown as winter annuals in subspecies have been elevated to specific Mexico, but are rarely collected. Gunn rank, or else treated as varieties. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF VICIA IN MEXICO (largely adapted from Gunn, 1979) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomic Repeat Abundances Contain Phylogenetic Signal
    Syst. Biol. 64(1):112–126, 2015 © The Author(s) 2014. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI:10.1093/sysbio/syu080 Advance Access publication September 25, 2014 Genomic Repeat Abundances Contain Phylogenetic Signal , , , STEVEN DODSWORTH1 2,MARK W. CHASE2 3,LAURA J. KELLY1 2,ILIA J. LEITCH2,JIR͡ MACAS4,PETR NOVÁK4, ,∗ MATHIEU PIEDNOËL5,HANNA WEISS-SCHNEEWEISS6, AND ANDREW R. LEITCH1 1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; 2Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK; 3School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia; 4Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branišovská 31, Ceskéˇ Budˇejovice, CZ-37005, Czech Republic; 5Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; and 6Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria ∗ Correspondence to be sent to: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; E-mail: [email protected] Received 7 May 2014; reviews returned 28 July 2014; accepted 18 September 2014 Associate Editor: Mark Fishbein Abstract.—A large proportion of genomic information, particularly repetitive elements, is usually ignored when researchers are using next-generation sequencing.
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of Symbiotic Nodule Occupancy in the Model Vicia Tetrasperma Using a fluorescence Scanner
    Annals of Botany 107: 709–715, 2011 doi:10.1093/aob/mcr002, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org TECHNICAL ARTICLE Determination of symbiotic nodule occupancy in the model Vicia tetrasperma using a fluorescence scanner Karel Nova´k* Department of Ecology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vı´denˇska´ 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic *For correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/107/4/709/161997 by guest on 24 September 2021 Received: 6 September 2010 Returned for revision: 18 October 2010 Accepted: 3 December 2010 Published electronically: 24 January 2011 † Background Fluorescent tagging of nodule bacteria forming symbioses with legume host plants represents a tool for vital tracking of bacteria inside the symbiotic root nodules and monitoring changes in gene activity. The con- stitutive expression of heterologous fluorescent proteins, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), also allows screening for nodule occupancy by a particular strain. Imaging of the fluorescence signal on a macro-scale is associated with technical problems due to the robustness of nodule tissues and a high level of autofluorescence. † Scope These limitations can be reduced by the use of a model species with a fine root system, such as Vicia tetrasperma. Further increases in the sensitivity and specificity of the detection and in image resolution can be attained by the use of a fluorescence scanner. Compared with the standard CCD-type cameras, the availability of a laser source of a specified excitation wavelength decreases non-specific autofluorescence while the photo- multiplier tubes in emission detection significantly increase sensitivity.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 PLANT REMAINS Pat Hinton a Series of 72 Bulk Samples Were Processed by Standard Flotation Methods with 'Flots' Retained On
    PLANT REMAINS Pat Hinton (The cross-references denoted ‘CQ’ in this paper relate to Charter Quay, The Spirit of Change, Wessex Archaeology 2003) A series of 72 bulk samples were processed by standard flotation methods with ‘flots’ retained on 0.5mm mesh and residues saved on 1.0mm mesh. The flots were inspected by Sarah Wyles and after nineteen samples were selected for analysis, all significant items extracted from the residues by S. Wyles. Most samples were selected to answer specific questions about the function and nature of specific features or layers and so are reported as such below. Methods All but the very smallest samples of dried flots were passed through a stack of sieves of 7.0mm to 0.5mm. mesh sizes to facilitate sorting. All were sorted by stereo microscope at x7 – x40 magnification, according to mesh size, and with x160-x200 for some, eg Carex spp. (sedges). The largest fractions were searched in entirety and the sometimes very large amounts of finer material sub-sampled. Unsorted parts of the samples were later more quickly scanned in order to recover less common items. Estimated results are indicated in the Table PL1. Taxa are separated into probable original habitats, but although some are characteristic others may grow in alternative conditions. All taxa are represented by ‘seeds’ unless otherwise indicated, the word being used loosely to include fruits, achenes, caryopses etc. Nomenclature accords with Stace (1997) with scientific names used at first mention only. Results The majority of the remains were preserved by charring, but several later samples include uncharred seeds in differing states of preservation, which are apparently contemporary with the deposits.
    [Show full text]
  • The Toxicity of Vicia Species and Their Utilisation As Grain Legumes
    cñ[Ptx¡ s$9 % The toxicity of Vicía speci zftrU $95 their utilisation as grain le es oÇ Dissertation for the degree I)octor of Philosophy in Agricultural Science by Dirk Enneking B.Ag.Sc. (Adelaide) Universify of Adelaide Waite Agricultural Research Institute South Australia June, 1994 uplA zIpIA'luaA I)eclaration This work contains no m¿terial which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any universþ or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and beliet contains no material previousþ published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I girre consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being available for loan and photocopytng SrG* o ?. :. .t..è... 1. .? ^rB:..7. 11 Acknowledgements I would like to tha¡k the many people who have contributed their time, thought and resorrçes to the successfirl completion of this study. The m¡ny discussions with friends and colleagues, and the written correspondence with overseas researchers have heþed to formulate and test many ideas. Scientific collaboration with the late Dr. R L. Davies, Dr. Phil Glatz, Llmne Giles and Dr. Nigel Maxted has been one of the key features of the study. Individual contributions are acknowledged in the relevant sections of this thesis. I would also like to thank the staffat the South Austraïan Department of Agriculture's Northfiekl Piggery and Parafield Poultry Research Centre, particularþ J¡nine Baker and Andrew Cecil, for carrying out the animal experiments. This study would not have been possible without the continuous help of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • CFIA ID Features of Fabaceae 2018
    Identification Features of Fabaceae & Application to Selected Species April 30th , 2018 Jennifer Neudorf, SSTS, CFIA © 2017 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), all rights reserved. Use without permission is prohibited. Learning objectives for this course 1. Become familiar with the structures and features of the Fabaceae family that analysts use to gather information about their identity. 2. Know how to apply botany knowledge to distinguish selected species. 2 Introduction to Fabaceae Photo by: Sdecosta; https://shovelingwithsamantha.wordpress.com/2015/01/13/raising-alfalfa-seed-part-1-the- difference/ Photo from: J&L Candles Photo from: Barry Tilman, University of Florida Photo from: Pa Farm & Dairy https://www.farmanddairy.com/news/perdue-soybean-plant- doubles-pa-s-processing-capacity/446259.html 3 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Mimosoideae Photo from: Wikimedia commons Pleurogram Photo from: GRIN database (Steve Hurst) 4 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Caesalpinoideae Pleurogram Photo from: GRIN database (Steve Hurst) Photo from: Wikimedia commons 5 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Faboideae Photo from: Wikimedia commons 6 Fabaceae Legume and Seeds Photo from: Centre for Integrative Legume Research, University of Queensland Stem and flower Fruit / Seed Funiculus Style remnant Ovary Wall Remnant 7 Fabaceae Seed Anatomy Common vetch (Vicia sativa) Plumule Radicle Hilum Cotyledon Hilum Radicle Cotyledon 8 Fabaceae Seed Anatomy Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) Hilum
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Studies on the Family Fabaceae (Weeds) at Rajshahi University Campus
    Plant 2015; 3(3): 20-25 Published online June 18, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/plant) doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20150303.11 ISSN: 2331-0669 (Print); ISSN: 2331-0677 (Online) Taxonomic Studies on the Family Fabaceae (Weeds) at Rajshahi University Campus A. H. M. Mahbubur Rahman, M. Ismot Ara Parvin Plant Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh Email address: [email protected] (A. H. M. M. Rahman) To cite this article: A. H. M. Mahbubur Rahman, M. Ismot Ara Parvin. Taxonomic Studies on the Family Fabaceae (Weeds) at Rajshahi University Campus. Plant. Vol. 3, No. 3, 2015, pp. 20-25. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20150303.11 Abstract: Taxonomic investigation on the family Fabaceae (weeds) growing throughout the Rajshahi University campus was carried out. A total of 10 species under 8 genera of the family Fabaceae were collected and recorded for their use in various ailments. A complete taxonomic account of each species has been given along with their scientific name, local name, habit, habitat, flower color, flowering season, population, uses and specimens examined. Out of the total number of species Alysicarpus vaginalis DC., Clitoria ternatea L., Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC., Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC., Vicia sativa L., Vicia hirsuta L., Sesbania bispinosa Jacq. were frequent and Melilotus indica L., Abrus precatorius L. and Uraria picta Desv. were rare species in the study area. Keywords: Weed Species, Taxonomic Studies, Fabaceae, Rajshahi, Bangladesh In terms of temperature variation it appears that average 1. Introduction annual temperature is about 25.36 0C. The maximum monthly temperature can be search up to 40.1 0C during May and Rajshahi University or University of Rajshahi is a public 0 university located in Rajshahi, a city in north-western minimum monthly temperature 9 C during January.
    [Show full text]
  • Flowering Plants
    RYE HARBOUR FAUNA & FLORA The Flowering Plants The FLOWERING PLANTS of Rye Harbour RYE HARBOUR FAUNA & FLORA The Flowering Plants RYE HARBOUR FAUNA & FLORA The Flowering Plants The Flowering Plants of Rye Harbour Rye Harbour Fauna and Flora Volume 2 by Barry Yates Dedicated to the memory of Breda Burt (1918–2001) She was the major contributor to our knowledge of the flora of Rye Harbour and a good friend of the Nature Reserve. Published by East Sussex County Council and The Friends of Rye Harbour Nature Reserve Rye Harbour Nature Reserve 2 Watch Cottages Winchelsea, East Sussex TN36 4LU [email protected] www.wildRye.info March 2007 ISBN no: 0-86147-414-7 (cover photo Sussex Wildlife Trust, map by Angel Design, illustrations by Dr Catharine Hollman, photos by Dr Barry Yates) RYE HARBOUR FAUNA & FLORA The Flowering Plants Map of the Rye Harbour area RYE HARBOUR FAUNA & FLORA The Flowering Plants Contents Front Cover Marshmallow growing at Castle Farm Map of the Rye Harbour area opposite Introduction 1 Visiting 2 Flowering Plants 3 Magnoliidae - the dictotyledons (with two seed leaves - 343 species) Nymphaeaceae – the water lily family (2 species) 4 Ceratophyllaceae – the hornwort family (2 species) 4 Ranunculaceae – the buttercup family (12 species) 4 Papaveraceae – the poppy family (3 species) 5 Fumariaceae – the fumitory family (1 species) 6 Urticaceae – the nettle family (3 species) 6 Fagaceae – the oak family (1 species) 6 Betulaceae - the birch family (2 species) 6 Chenopodiaceae – the goosefoot family (18 species) 6 Portulacaceae – the purslane family (2 species) 7 Caryophyllaceae – the campion family (24 species) 8 Polygonaceae – the dock family (16 species) 9 Plumbaginaceae– the thrift family (2 species) 11 Clusiaceae– the St.
    [Show full text]