Chapter 2: Alternatives
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CHAPTER 2: ALTERNATIVES ▲▲ Chapter 2: Alternatives 2.1 Alternatives Development Process................................................................ 2-1 2.1.1 Identification of Preliminary Alternatives.......................................... 2-4 2.1.2 Screening of Alternatives................................................................. 2-11 2.1.3 Alternatives Screening Report ......................................................... 2-25 2.1.4 Refinement of Alternatives .............................................................. 2-30 2.1.5 Reconsideration of the Utah County Alternatives............................ 2-50 2.1.6 Conclusion of the Alternatives Refinement and Reconsideration Processes ............................................................... 2-56 2.1.7 Evaluation of Alternatives after the Release of the Draft EIS.......... 2-58 2.2 Description of Alternatives Carried Forward for Detailed Study............ 2-69 2.2.1 No-Action Alternative...................................................................... 2-70 2.2.2 Salt Lake County Alternatives ......................................................... 2-72 2.2.3 Utah County Alternatives................................................................. 2-85 2.2.4 Tolling Options for the MVC Alternatives ...................................... 2-93 2.2.5 Implementation of the MVC Alternatives...................................... 2-103 2.3 Land Acquired to Date............................................................................... 2-103 2.4 Summary Comparison of Alternatives ..................................................... 2-107 2.4.1 Daily Delay .................................................................................... 2-107 2.4.2 Travel Time.................................................................................... 2-108 2.4.3 Cost ................................................................................................ 2-113 2.4.4 Environmental Impacts .................................................................. 2-114 2.4.5 Preferred Alternatives .................................................................... 2-116 2.5 References ................................................................................................... 2-126 This chapter describes the alternatives that were considered for meeting the purpose of the Mountain View Corridor (MVC) project as described in Chapter 1, Purpose of and Need for Action. This section reviews the alternatives that were eliminated from detailed study, describes the No-Action Alternative and the alternatives that were carried forward for detailed study, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the No-Action and action alternatives. For this chapter, all discussions of the roadway alternatives refer to the project without tolls, except where the discussion specifically says that the alternative is being considered with tolls. 2.1 Alternatives Development Process The alternatives development process identified and evaluated a full range of alternatives that were brought forward during the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) scoping process, identified in previous studies, developed as part of the Envision Utah Growth Choices process (see Chapter 3, Growth Choices), or brought forward during the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) process. The ▼▼ MOUNTAIN VIEW CORRIDOR FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 2-1 CHAPTER 2: ALTERNATIVES ▲▲ Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the Federal Transit Administration (FTA), the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT), and the Utah Transit Authority (UTA) participated in the screening process that evaluated the alternatives. Each alternative was considered and reviewed against the project’s purpose and against a set of measures to determine if the alternative would be carried forward for detailed study in the EIS. In order to be carried forward for detailed study, an alternative needed to meet the purpose of the project (see Table 2.1-1) and be practical or feasible to construct from a technical and economic standpoint. The alternatives development process is summarized below and is detailed in Technical Memorandum 06, MVC Alternatives Screening Process and Results (MVC Management Team 2004a), Mountain View Alternatives Screening Report Addendum (MVC Management Team 2007a), and Technical Memorandum 06-7, Evaluation of the Lehi 4800 North Alternative (MVC Management Team 2008). Table 2.1-1. Summary of the Project’s Purpose Primary Objectives Secondary Objectives Improve regional mobility by reducing Increase roadway safety roadway congestion Support increased bicycle and pedestrian Improve regional mobility by supporting options increased transit availability Support local growth objectives See Section 1.3.1, Purpose of the Project, in Chapter 1 for more details. Figure 2-1.1, Mountain View Corridor Alternatives Development Process, provides an overview of the MVC alternatives development process. The process took a large number of suggested recommendations and screened and refined them to produce the alternatives that are being studied in detail in this EIS. The alternatives development process described in this chapter consists of the following seven steps: • Identification of preliminary alternatives • Level 1 screening • Level 2 screening • Alternatives Screening Report (with public and agency input) • Refinement of the Salt Lake and Utah County alternatives • Reconsideration of the Utah County alternatives • Evaluation of alternatives after the release of the Draft EIS ▼▼ MOUNTAIN VIEW CORRIDOR 2-2 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT CHAPTER 2: ALTERNATIVES ▲▲ Summary of Alternative Development Travel Demand Modeling The Wasatch Front Regional Council (WFRC) and the Mountainland Association of Governments (MAG) are designated metropolitan planning organizations that work in partnership with UDOT, UTA, and other stakeholders to develop long- range transportation plans for the communities in their jurisdictions. WFRC and MAG maintain a travel demand model, which is a state-of-the-practice tool that allows transportation analysts to input various land-use and growth scenarios to test road and transit networks with the expected traffic for each scenario. The WFRC/MAG regional travel demand forecasting model was used to evaluate the transportation effectiveness of the various alternatives. The travel model predicts future travel demand based on land-use, socioeconomic, and transportation system characteristics. The goal of the modeling analysis is to infer from the spatial distribution of population and employment and available transportation facilities the amount, type, and location of travel that residents will undertake. A single model is maintained for the four-county region covered by WFRC and MAG, with each metropolitan planning organization being responsible for inputs associated with their area. The travel model consists of three elements: the model itself (the scripts, equations, constants, and so on), the input networks (both highway and transit), and the input socioeconomic data. WFRC and MAG are continually updating and refining the travel model to incorporate new observed data and increased capabilities. For this reason, during the MVC alternatives development process, several versions of the travel demand model were released and used by the MVC project team. Figure 2-1.2, Mountain View Corridor Travel Demand Forecasting Methodology, provides an overview of the travel demand model versions that were used to develop the MVC alternatives and determine whether the alternatives would meet the purpose of the project. After the release of a new travel demand model version, sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine if the results from the new model version changed the screening results from the previous model version (MVC Management Team 2007b). The sensitivity analysis looked at changes to expected volumes of traffic on the MVC and within the study area. As shown in Figure 2-1.2, the model sensitivity testing was performed for each step in the alternatives development process as a new model version was released. ▼▼ MOUNTAIN VIEW CORRIDOR FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 2-3 CHAPTER 2: ALTERNATIVES ▲▲ 2.1.1 Identification of Preliminary Alternatives This section provides an overview of the processes used to identify the following preliminary alternatives: • Preliminary alternatives identified from previous studies • Preliminary alternatives identified through public and agency input • Preliminary alternative identified from development of the Growth Choices “Vision” Scenario (see Chapter 3, Growth Choices) • Preliminary transit alternatives 2.1.1.1 Preliminary Alternatives Identified from Previous Studies Early in the alternatives identification process, four recent transportation studies conducted in Salt Lake and Utah Counties within the MVC study area were examined to determine how their conclusions, including recommended and eliminated corridors and alternatives, applied to the MVC project. Table 2.1-2 lists the studies along with the specific recommendations and/or outcomes of each study. The recommendations of these studies were considered in developing the alternatives considered in this EIS. Table 2.1-2. Recent Transportation Studies Study Recommendations and/or Outcomes Related to MVC Western Transportation New freeway from the Utah County line to State Route Corridor Study, I-80 to Salt (SR) 201 running roughly adjacent to the existing utility Lake/Utah County Line