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The Veil of Isis: the Evolution of an Archetype Hidden in Plain Sight Steven Armstrong, M.A., M.A

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The Veil of Isis: the Evolution of an Archetype Hidden in Plain Sight Steven Armstrong, M.A., M.A The Veil of Isis: The Evolution of an Archetype Hidden in Plain Sight Steven Armstrong, M.A., M.A. Hum., F.R.C. he image of the Veil of Isis has persisted Bas-relief sculpture of the Roman goddess through the centuries from ancient Minerva (Athena) re- TEgyptian Saïs—where Athena and covered from the ruins Isis were identified as one—to the present day. of Herculaneum (Area Originally, a symbol of wisdom, initiation, Sacra Suburbana), ca. first century BCE—first and the Mysteries, it has successively become century CE. Collection an image of protection, of the secrets of nature, of the Herculaneum of hidden history and truths to be revealed. In Deposito Archeologico. Photo by Ken Thomas/ each historical context the Veil is an invitation Wikimedia Commons. to delve further into the truths which have been hidden in plain sight from the eyes of those who war, but more will not see. importantly, since her name can mean The origins of the Veil of Isis are lost in “water,” she was identified with the primordial the mists of time, however, we can pick up the waters out of which all manifestation arose— trail of the story in the important late dynastic the Mother of all things. Because of this, Egyptian city of Saïs, where the Divine she was also patroness of the household arts, Feminine was very much revered and active. especially weaving, of nursing mothers, as she Saïs, the provincial capital of the fifth is the “nurser of crocodiles,” and of wisdom. Nome of ancient Egypt in the western As “The Weaver” she weaves all of the Nile Delta near the Mediterranean, was manifested cosmos into being on her loom. In dedicated to the Goddess Neith. Saïs rose to her role as the primordial source of all things, prominence in the Twenty-fourth Dynasty she transcended gender to encompass all.1 (eighth century BCE) and during the Twenty- Assimilation of the Goddesses into One sixth Dynasty (seventh-sixth centuries BCE), to which it gives its name: The Another claim to fame of Saïs was Saite Dynasty. the nearby “grave of Osiris,” and Osirian Saïs’s patroness, Neith, Mysteries were carried out on an adjacent was known as a goddess of island in the delta. It was natural therefore for The Goddess Neith, Lady of Saïs, Saite Isis and Neith, both very ancient goddesses, to Period (664-525 BCE). Although be assimilated to one another. Further, Greek missing her arms, which were made visitors to Saïs such as Herodotus, Plato, and separately, this is one of the finest representations of the Goddess. The Diodorus Siculus also identified this Neith- shape of her body and the smile on her Isis with Athena, holding that Athena built face betray her date as during the Saite the city before she founded Athens, and that Period, when she was venerated as the Goddess of the Egyptian Capital. when Athens and Atlantis were destroyed by From the Collection of the Rosicrucian the great flood, Saïs survived. Thus the triple Egyptian Museum. (c) 2014 Supreme Grand Lodge of AMORC. All Rights Reserved. Page 51 Virgin was seen in the Church of Blachernae spreading her veil over The City in protection from invasion and epidemics. 4 A feast-day was established for this “Protection of the Theotokos (God-Bearer)” on October 1, and has become one of the most popular feasts among Slavic Byzantine (Orthodox and Catholic) Christians, still celebrated today, called Pokrov, or Holy Protection. Modern-day Greeks have also moved and adapted the feast to commemorate the protective Veil of the Virgin over Greece on “Ochi Day,” October 28, when, in 1940, Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas Russian Icon of the Holy Protection rejected Mussolini’s ultimatum to allow Axis (Pokrov), late fourteenth century. soldiers to enter Greece, marking Greece’s Goddess Neith-Isis-Athena was worshiped at entrance into World War II on the side of the goddess’s shrine at Saïs, a combination of the Allies.5 2 very ancient feminine divinities. Whatever the occasion, the troparionor Plutarch, in commenting on the truths theme-prayer of the feast day is reminiscent hidden in Egyptian religion, recounts that this of ancient prayers to the Universal Isis for aid shrine contains a most striking inscription: and comfort, with a Christian adaptation: “And the shrine of Athena at Saï(whom Today the faithful celebrate the feast with they consider the same as Isis) bears this joy inscription, ‘I am all that hath been, and illumined by your coming, O Mother of is, and shall be; and my veil no mortal has God. hitherto raised.’”3 Beholding your pure image we fervently This ties together the universality of the cry to you: divinity of Isis—consonant with her identity “Encompass us beneath the precious veil of with Neith, the Primordial Source of all that your protection; is, with the evocative symbol of the Veil of Isis, deliver us from every form of evil by concealing unglimpsed mysteries. It is that entreating Christ, your Son and our God that He may symbol, the Veil covering the Source of All 6 from our gaze, that has inspired philosophers, save our souls.” mystics, and artists for two millennia. This icon of the protective veil of the Virgin seems to The Veil in Religious Symbolism have also spread In religious imagery, the Veil of Isis to Western was translated into Christian terms, easily Duccio di Buoninsegna, understandable given the substantial Virgin of the Franciscans parallels between both the Egyptian and (Virgin of Mercy), ca. the Universal Isis, and the Virgin Mary. 1280. The first known version of this image A particular example of this veil imagery in the West. National Rosicrucian occurred in the capital of the Roman Empire, Gallery of Sienna. Digest Constantinople. On several occasions, in the Photo: The Yorck No. 1 Project/Wikimedia 2010 ninth, tenth and fourteenth centuries, the Commons. Page 52 Europe and Roman Catholicism in the “Virgin of Mercy” image, showing the Virgin Mary spreading open her cloak/veil which covers and protects those who are kneeling beside her. The first known instance of this image is from Italy in Landscape with fisher and a 7 priest offering in front of the about 1280. sarcophagus of Harpocrates, ca. The Veil of Nature first century BCE – first century CE., Roman fresco from the While we might temple of Isis in Pompeii. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, expect the use of the Naples. Photo by Wolfgang Veil of Isis to continue Rieger/Wikimedia Commons. in religious imagery, it has also become an union with nature, in order to discover her image of the secrets of nature, philosophy, secrets through an initiatic gnosis. and history. As Pierre de Ronsard wrote: Even in ancient times, there was Filled with the divine fire that has heated controversy over how to describe nature my heart, and nature’s secrets. Heraclitus reputedly 8 I wish, more than ever following in taught “Nature loves to hide itself.” Orpheus’ steps, Although there are a number of options To discover the secrets of Nature and the as to the exact translation of the original Heavens.13 Greek text mentioned here,9 this is the way that Heraclitus’s axiom was understood Artemis of Ephesus throughout most of antiquity. Even so, One further ancient Goddess was destined throughout the classical period and into to be assimilated to Isis at the dawn of the late antiquity, Aristotelians, Platonists, and modern world. From as early as the Bronze Neoplatonists continued to debate whether Age, the Goddess Artemis (Diana for the the scientific study of nature should be Romans) was worshiped at her magnificent allegorized in myth, as the Orphic Theogonies temple in Ephesus (near modern-day Selçuk did, or in more direct and clear language, as in Turkey). The Temple was one of the Seven in the scientific treatises of Aristotle, such as Wonders of the World, and contained a 10 his Physics and Lucretius’s On the Nature statue of the goddess which undoubtedly pre- 11 of Things, which, although it is written in dated Hellenic culture, to which great cultic verse, is a straightforward philosophical and significance was attached.14 scientific work. She is covered by dozens of milk-giving Pierre Hadot, a modern philosopher and breasts—polymaston15—indicating that she cultural historian, identifies two approaches is the source of all life.16 The Greco-Roman prevalent throughout the Western European manifestation of this Goddess is probably an Medieval, Renaissance, and modern periods, assimilation of the older Anatolian “Mistress for discovering the “secrets of nature.”12 The of Nature and Life” who was worshiped in “Promethian” approach was seen as “stealing the same area.17 We can consider the parallel Nature’s secrets,” much as the mythic Titan imagery with the ancient Egyptian Neith, stole the Fire of the Gods. Along this path is the Primordial source of all Being, “nurser mechanistic technological work, which seeks of crocodiles.” Today, all that is left of the to dominate nature. The “Orphic” approach, Temple are a few foundations; however, on the other hand is one of creative, artistic the concept of the image was widespread Page 53 throughout antiquity, and continued to Cover page of Volume II captivate the imagination. of Athanasius Kircher’s Mundus Subterraneus, At the beginning of the sixteenth 1664. Orpheus and century, this representation of Artemis as Hermes Trismegistus (Mercury) are pointing an allegory for Nature resurfaces in the art the student toward Isis- of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael uses the Artemis as the source polymaston Artemis of Ephesus figure in his of wisdom. Photo by Badseed/Wikimedia 1508 “Philosophy,” as part of his Stanza della Commons.
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