Northern Pike Funding Agreement Between the Colville Tribes and Chelan County Pud Agreement No. 17-095 Purpose Therefore, It Is

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NORTHERN PIKE FUNDING AGREEMENT BETWEEN

THE COLVILLE TRIBES AND CHELAN COUNTY PUD

AGREEMENT NO. 17-095

This Agreement is entered into this day of 1l&t/ 2017, between the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (hereafte4Colville Tribes or TRIBES) and Public UtilityDistrict No. 1 of Chelan County, (hereafter referredCt’oas District), together referred to as the Parties. Contract becomes effective when signed by both Parties. PURPOSE It has been confirmed that Northern Pike (Esox Lucius), a non-native apex predator, have migrated into the Lake Roosevelt section of the Columbia River from the Pend Oreille River in Idaho. It is acknowledged that the presence of Northern Pike in the Mid-Columbia could impact salmon and steelhead populations. The District shall provide funding for the monitoring and control of Northern Pike in Lake Roosevelt. The effort and data gathered willaide in the development of a coordinated and comprehensive approach to the monitoring, evaluation, and control of invasive species to protect salmon, steelhead, and other endangered and resident species in the Mid-Columbia.

THEREFORE, IT IS MUTUALLYAGREED THAT:

STATEMENT OF WORK The District shall provide funding to the ColvilleTribe for the surveying, collection, and suppression of juvenile and adult Northern Pike in Lake Roosevelt. See Attachment A, Scope of Work.

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE The period of performance for this Agreement shall commence upon execution of this Agreement and shall be completed by June 1, 2018 unless terminated sooner as provided herein.

PAYMENT The cost of the work herein shall not exceed $35,000. Compensation for services shall be based on the rates and terms set forth in Attachment A. The contract price may be modified only in writing and executed by both Parties.

BILLING PROCEDURES The Colville Tribe shall submit a verified and correct invoice to the District’s Accounts Payable Department prior to December 1, 2018. The District shall have no obligations, financial or otherwise, beyond the $35,000.00 associated with this project, unless agreed to in writing by both Parties. Ifthe Colville Tribe does not invoice the District by December 1, 2018, then the District is not obligated to provide payment.

TERMINATION Either Party may terminate this Agreement upon 15 days prior written notification to the other Party. Ifthis Agreement is so terminated, the terminating Party shall be liable only for the performance rendered or costs incurred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement rendered prior to the effective date of termination.

SA 17-095 Page 1 ______

NON-DISCRIMINATION Title VI of the CivilRights Act of 1964, (Public Law 88-352; 42 USC 200d-1) provides that no person in the United States shall, on the grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.

GOVERNING LAW/VENUE In the event that litigation or other proceedings arise in relation to this Agreement, the substantially prevailing Party shall be entitled to recover all costs of suit and collection, including but not limited to, reasonable attorney fees. Nothing herein may be construed in any way to waive the inherent sovereign immunity of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation.

EFFECT OF OTHER AGREEMENTS This Agreement shall not change or affect the responsibilities and obligation of the District and the Colville Tribes under other existing agreements or obligations. The intent of this Agreement is to facilitate the ability of the District and Colville Tribes in regards to monitoring activities within the Okanogan Basin.

CONTRACT MANAGEMENT The Project Coordinator for each of the Parties shall be responsible for and shall be the contact person for all communications and billings regarding the performance of this Agreement.

The Project Coordinator for CoIviIIeTribes is: The Project Coordinator for the District is: Colville Tribe Chelan County PUD Holly McLellan Lance Keller 25 W Mail, Suite 434 327 Wenatchee Avenue Spokane, WA 99201 Wenatchee WA 98801 Phone: (509) 209-2415 Phone: (509) 661-4299

INWITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Agreement on the day of 2017.

dPUBLIC UTILITYDISTRICT NO.1 CONFEDERATED TRIBES OF OF CHLAN CO THE COLVILLERESERVATON

By: By: y.4 ,l Alene Underwood D(. Michael archand4 Fish &Wildlife Manager Chairman Date:fifi Date: iJ//7

SA 17-095 Page 2 CCT Northern Pike Scope of Work

Northern Pike Esox lucius are native to the mid-western United States, parts of Alaska, and the Saskatchewan River drainage in Montana (Wydoski and Whitney 2003). Northern Pike are a highly invasive fish species that have been shown to significantly reduce prey fish densities and have the potential to cause large-scale changes in fish communities, even resulting in species elimination (He and Kitchell 1990; McMahon and Bennett 1996). Northern Pike pose significant threats to the Columbia River ecosystem including predation of native species, introductions of wide variety of parasites and disease, and competition with other species for food resources (Baxter and Neufeld 2015).

Northern Pike spawn in shallow water (<0.3 m) in the late winter or early spring when water temperatures reach 8.9 °C (48 °F). Females deposit between 15,000 and 75,000 adhesive eggs on submerged vegetation, the males fertilizes them, and then they both leave the area (Wydoski and Whitney 2003). Eggs hatch in about two weeks and within twoweeks post-hatch juvenile pike begin feeding on small fish. Northern Pike grow rapidly within the first two years and reach sexual maturity between ages 3 and 5. The average life span of a Northern Pike is 7 years, but can be as long as 12 years (Scholz and McLellan 2009). Northern Pike prefer cool habitats and exhibit the greatest growth between 19 - 21 °C (66—70 °F), and water temperatures above 29 °C are lethal (Wydoski and Whitney 2003).

Pike prefer marshy habitats with dense vegetation in streams, lakes and large rivers. They occupy littoral habitats, but prefer cool water which causes them to head to deeper water in the summer. Northern Pike are considered an ambush predator and willfeed on a variety of organisms up to 75% of their body length. A review of 27 papers indicated Northern Pike primarily feed on fish (including other Pike) and aquatic insects. They also consume waterfowl and other birds, small mammals (e.g., mice, voles, shrews, muskrats), snakes, amphibians, and crayfish (Scholz and McLellan 2009). Adult Northern Pike have no other predators besides humans.

Despite their limited native range in Montana, Northern Pike are found throughout the state. Northern Pike support popular fisheries in the lower Flathead and Bitterroot rivers, and unplanned introductions and invasions have occurred in the Clark Fork River, Montana (McMahon and Bennett 1996; Bean and Harvey 2015). Northern Pike were also illegally stocked in Coeur d’ Alene in the 1970’s (Rich 1993; McMahon and Bennett 1996) and have spread to several lowland lakes in Idaho and down the Spokane River into Washington.

No known stockings of Northern Pike have occurred in Washington, but the Pend Oreille River in Idaho and Washington were colonized with Northern Pike that originated from the Clark Fork River (Bean and Harvey 2015). Northern Pike were first collected in the Pend Oreille River in 2004, although reports date back to the 1980’s (Connor and Black 2010; King and Lee 2016). Populations estimates of Northern Pike increased from 665 in 2006 to >5,500 in 2010 to >10,000 in 2011 (Bean et al. 2011; Bean 2014; King and Lee 2016). Aggressive mechanical removal in the Box Canyon Reservoir reach of the Pend Oreille River was implemented by the Kalispel Tribe and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) in 2012.

The Box Canyon Reservoir Northern Pike removal effort has been successful. Catch rates and abundance have been reduced from a high of 12.2 pike/net night in the initialyear to 0.18 pike/net night in 2015 (Bean 2014; Harvey and Bean 2016). The Kalispel Tribe, in coordination

SA 17-095 — Attachment A Page 1 with Seattle City Light and WDFW, have expanded their mechanical removal effort to Boundary Reservoir on the Pend Oreille River in hopes of halting the current Northern Pike population explosion and reducing the contribution of more fish to the downstream waters.

Despite the removal efforts in the Pend Oreille River drainage, the distribution of Northern Pike expanded downstream to the Columbia River. Northern Pike have been detected in the Columbia River both upstream and downstream of the confluence with the Pend Oreille River. Northern Pike were detected in 2009 below Hugh Keenleyside Dam, and have colonized a significant portion of the Canadian Columbia River near Castlegar, British Columbia (Baxter and Neufeld 2015). In 2014, the Ministry of Forest Land and Natural Resources Operations (MFLNRO) recognized the threats associated with Northern Pike and initiated a gill net removal program, liberalized angling regulations (unlimited), and implemented an incentive program aimed at encouraging anglers to remove Northern Pike (Baxter and Neufeld 2015).

The first Northern Pike were first documented in upper reach of US portion of the Columbia River (Lake Roosevelt) in 2007 at Alder Creek (near Hunters, WA) (Lee et al. 2007). Since then, Northern Pike have been increasing in observance during the Fall Walleye Index Netting (King and Lee 2016) and in White Sturgeon surveys (Seibert et al. 2015; King and Lee 2016). Northern Pike were first observed in the fishery in 2014 and are now routinely captured by anglers (King and Lee 2016; Spokane Tribe of Indians unpublished data).

In 2014 the Spokane Tribe of Indians (STOI), in collaboration with WDFW and the Colville Confederated Tribes (CCT), submitted a request for funding to the Northwest Power and Conservation Council to support Northern Pike monitoring and suppression in Lake Roosevelt. In 2015, the Council provided limited funding to monitor and suppress Northern Pike in three annual installments of $69,629, $40,000 and $40,000. The WDFW, STOI, and CCT implemented a standardized Northern Pike survey in the Kettle Falls area of Lake Roosevelt in June of 2015. The catch rate of Northern Pike was 0.08 pike/hr in gill nets (n = 21). During a follow up survey in February 2016 the catch rate had increased to 0.38 pike/hr (n = 71) (Lee and King 2015; King and Lee 2016). However, the June 2016 catch rate decreased to 0.12 pike/hr (n = 4) (C. Lee, WDWF, personal cOmmunication). The decrease in adult catch rate was promising, until periodic boat electrofishing surveys in August found a substantial number of juvenile Northern Pike (n=100) in shallow bays of the Kettle River (12.3 pike/hi; CCT unpublished data). Additional juvenile sampling by the STOI further documented 3 high abundance with an additional 797 juvenile Northern Pike captured during 16.5 his of boat electrofishing (48.3 pike/hr) and 152 were captured during juvenile White Sturgeon sampling in October (STOI unpublished data). Northern Pike are a severe threat to the Lake Roosevelt ecosystem. The lake supports native Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, kokanee 0. nerka, Burbot Lota Iota, White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, and other native minnows and suckers. The watershed contains non- native predators like the Walleye Sander vitreus and Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomleul that impact native fish abundance. However, native salmonids grow beyond the gape size of these predators. Northern Pike grow to lengths in excess of 903 mm (35 in) and since they can consume fish up to 75% of their body length. Few fish beside the White Sturgeon can ever escape this apex predator. The ecological consequences, both to fish and other animals, have the potential to be devastating.

SA 17-095 — Attachment A Page 2 The co-managers of Lake Roosevelt mutually agree that an aggressive removal effort, similar to those that have been implemented by the Kalispel Tribe and WDFW in the Pend Oreille system and the MFLNRO in the Columbia River in Canada, is necessary to curb the expansion of the Northern Pike population in Lake Roosevelt and prevent them from expanding downstream into areas of the Columbia River with anadromous fish populations. It is paramount that we act before Northern Pike reach the Okanogan River.

The co-managers of Lake Roosevelt mutually agree that an aggressive removal effort, similar to those that have been implemented by the Kalispel Tribe and WDFW in the Pend Oreille system and the MFLNRO in the Columbia River in Canada, is necessary to curb the expansion of the Northern Pike population in Lake Roosevelt and prevent them from expanding downstream into areas of the Columbia River with anadromous fish populations. It is paramount that we act before Northern Pike reach the Okanogan Rivet.

It took approximately 5 years for Northern Pike to expand 130 miles from the Pend Oreille River to the Columbia River (2004 to 2009). At this rate (26 mi/yr), we expect Northern Pike to arrive at Well’s Dam by 2018 (9 years from 2009). Entrainment rates are higher during large runoff years. The potential impacts to salmonid and lamprey populations in the mid-Columbia and lower Columbia River are ecologically and financially disturbing.

Aggressive fish removal techniques (gill netting, boat electrofishing, angler incentives, seining, and angling) can all be employed during various times of the year to maximize catch rates of Northern Pike and to limit mortality of bycatch. The co-managers of Lake Roosevelt wish to pool resources and attack the problem using a multi-faceted approach (see Work Plan Outline). It is our goal to stop the spread of Northern Pike and eliminated them from Lake Roosevelt. The Northern Pike Program is currently partially funded by Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), and we are seeking additional support from the mid-Columbia River Public Utilities to assist with eliminating Northern Pike in Lake Roosevelt. Specifically, we are requesting funds to support aspects of the program that BPA is not currently funding. These include the Bounty Program, juvenile boat electrofishing and seining surveys, and the selective angling surveys.

SA 17-095 — Attachment A Page 3 Work Plan Outline

The Colville Confederated Tribes wished to use multiple funding sources to: 1. Assist with the Northern Pike adult abundance surveys and stippression with WDFW and STOI a. (Cost-share: BPA = $100,000 Chelan PUD = $5,000) 2. Implement a Northern Pike Bounty Program ($10/head) a. Cost share: CCI = $5,000; Chelan PUD = $5,000 3. Conduct targeted juvenile suppression surveys in the fall using boat electrofishing and gilinets in cooperation with the Spokane Tribe a. Cost-share: BPA $95,000; Chelan PUD = $10,000 4. Conduct pilot angling and seine surveys to suppress adult Northern Pike a. Cost share: CCI $5,000; Cheian PUD = 55,000 5. Conduct microchemistry sttidy on Northern Pike otoliths to determine natal origin a. BPA funded $30,000 6. Conduct basin wide eDNA (Columbia River from Rock Island to Canadian border) a. Cost- share: CCI = $10,000; Chelan PUD = $10,000, (shortflull 510,000)

Chelan PUD CCT budget = $35,000

SA 17-095 — Attachment A Page 4 Literature Cited

Baxter. J. T.A. and M. Neufeld. 2015. Lower Columbia River Invasive Northern Pike Suppression and Stomach Ana]ysis, 2014. Prepared for Tech Trail Operations, Trail, BC Canada. Bean, N. 2014. Kalispel Non-Native Fish Suppression Project. 2014 Annual Report. Report. Bonneville Power Administration Project 2007-149-00. Bean, N. and S. Harvey. 2015. Kalispel Non-Native Fish Suppression Project. 2014 Annual Report. Bonneville Power Administration Project 2007-149-00. Connor, J. and A. R. Black. 2010. Kalispel Tribe of Indians Annual Report 2004. Resident Fish Stock Status Above Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee darns. Section 1, Part 2. Box Canyon Reservoir Fisheries Survey. Bonneville Power Administration, Project No. 1997-00-400. Portland. Oregon. Harvey. S. and N. Bean. 2016. Kalispel Non-Native Fish Suppression Project. 2015 Annual Report. Bonneville Power Administration Project 2007-1 49-00. He, X., and J. F. Kitchell. 1990. Direct and indirect effects of predation on a fish comrntinity: a whole lake experiment. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119:825-835. King, L. and C. Lee. 2016. Evaluation of Northern Pike Esox lucius in Upper Lake Roosevelt and the Lower Kettle River, Washington, February 2016. Report to the Spokane Tribe, for Bonneville Power Administration Project No. 1994-043-00. Lee. C. and King. L. 2015. Evaluation of Northern Pike Esox lucites in Upper Lake Roosevelt and the Lower Kettle River, Washington. 2015 Annual Report. Report to the Spokane Tribe, for

Bonneville Power Administration Project No. 1994-043-00 McMahon. I.E. and D. H. Bennett. 1996. Walleye and Northern Pike: Boost or Bane to the Northwest Fisheries? Fisheries Vol 21:8 pages 6-13. Okanogan Sub-basin Plan. 2004. http://www.nwcounci1.org/fw/subbasinplanning/okanogan/plan/ Rich, B. A. 1993. Population dynamics, food habits, movement and habitat use of Northern Pike in Coeur d’ Alene River system. Master’s thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow. Scholz A.T. and H.J. McLellan. Field Guide to the Fishes of Eastern Washington. Eagle Printing, Cheney, Washington. 310 pages. Wydoski, R. S. and R.R.Whitney. Inland Fishes of Washington 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda Maryland with University of Washington Press, Seattle Washington. 322 pages.

SA 17-095 — Attachment A Page 5 View Details - Entity Overview System for Award Management Page 1 of 1 I

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21 Colville St Confederated Tribes of the Coh,ille Reservation, Nespelem, WA, 90155, Entity DLJNS: 112167510 CAGECode: 1NL62 UNITED STATES Status: Active Dash fJw Eupiration Date: 06/13/201.2 Entity Reistrtion Purpose of Registration: All Awards Core Data Entity Overview Assertions Reps Certs Entity Registration Summary

Exclusions Name: Confederated Tribes of the ColvilleReservation, The Doing Business AS: ColvilleConfederated Tribes, The Active Exclusions Business Type: Tribal Government Last Updated By: tnra deLeon Inactive Exclusions Registration Status: Active Activation Date: 06/13/2017 Excluded Family Expiration Date: 06/13/2018 Members

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