The Director of Retirement Claims the General Counsel Pennsylvania

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Director of Retirement Claims the General Counsel Pennsylvania The Director of Retirement Claims The General Counsel \ Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Company Mahoning & Ghenango Railway C< Light Company (Pennsylvania) Mahoning P* Shenango Railway L Light Company (Ohio) (Kama changed February PI, 192>i to The Pennsylvania-Ohlo Llootric Cor.pany) The Pcnn.sylvania- .hio Lloctrlc Company The Pcnnaylvania-Chio Power & Light Company I herewith submit my opinion on the following* HiibTioi; 1. "as tho Pennsylvania end Mahoning V,alloy Railway Company an nemployer" under the Railroad Retire­ ment Act and is corvico to it creditable under that Act? 2. Tino the Mahoning ft fihenango Railway ft Light Com­ pany (Pennsylvania) an "employer" under tho Railroad Retirement Act and is service to it creditablo under that Act? 3. Vi.)o Tho Pennsylvania— )hlo - lcctrio Company (prior to February 21, 1920, known no tho Mahoning & Rhonango Railway & Lirht Co pany (Ohio)) an "era- ployor" tmdor the Railroad Retirement ct end is service to it creditable under that 'ct? 4. Van Tho Pennsylvnnia-Chio Power & Light Company an ’'employer" under the Railroad Retirement Act and ia service to it creditable under that Act? opr'ie:; 1. It is ny opinion that the Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Ccmp-my was not an "employer11 under tho Railroad Retirement Act and that aervice to it ia not credit.-ible under that Act. -2-< ?£omoranduu to The Director of Retirement Claims 2. It is cy opinion that the Mahoning & Shcmango Railvtay & Light Company (Pennsylvania) was not an "employer" tinder the Railroad Retirement Act and that service to it is not creditable under that. Act. 3. It Is my opinion that The ronnGylvanifi.-tihlo Electric Company (prior to February 21, 1920, known as the Mahoning & 'Shonango Railway & Light Company Ohio)) was not an "employer" xindor the Lailroad Retirement Act and that service to it is not credit­ able under that Act. - ■ , 4. It la my opinion that The Pennsylvania-Ohio Power & Light Company was not an "employor" under the Rail­ road Retirement Act and that service to it la not creditable under that Act. DlOCgjdlOfl i;cnn.y/lvanla and *r;?honln.rr Valley Railway Company Information in Poor’s Railroads (street Railway Section) in that tho Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Company was incorporated on May 24, 1902, under the laws of Pennsylvania, as a consolidation of the following companies t Tho Mahoning Valley Railway Company Lew Castle Traction Company Tho Trumbull Electric Railway Company Tho Mineral Ridge and Riles Traction Company Row C&etle ft- Lowell Railway Company Lowrcnco Gao Company Row Castle lilectric Company "These cocprieo the entire local aysLem in Youngstown, Ohio, Riles, Ohio, 1 orron, Ohio, and Row Castle, Pennsylvania, nnu all tho electric lighting, power and manufactured gas business of Row Castle, Pennsylvania." Tho railway was of standard gauge, electrically (overhead trolley) operated and consisted of approximately 92 miles of track. Tho company owned 110 cars. Revenues na reported in tho manuals oro not broken down. Oo.io tins in 1905 tho properties of tho company were acquired by tho Mahoning 6 Shenango Railway £■ Light Company (Pennsylvania). An oxraination of tho records of the Interstate Commerce Cont- miasion does not indicate that the Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Conptmy filed with that Coisaisaion any tariffs, concurrences, powers of attorney, annual or other reports. It has no "A" file and doea not appear .iv-1fcVjrundmii to The Director of Retirement Claims to have boon a party to any proceadlngs before tho Commission. Ita name dooo not appear in the Official Guide of Railways or in the Official Rail­ way Equipment Register. It coos not sppoar from the foregoing that the Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Company was an express company, sleeping—car com­ pany or carrier by railroad subject to Part I of the Interstate Ccrswc© Act. But in any event, it is iny opinion that tho railway operated by it vi,so nothing moro than a utroot, suburban or ir.torurban oloctric railway within tho exception proviso in bection 1(a) of tho Railroad Retirement Act. The records available do not indicate that tho Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Company was or,nod or controlled by or undor cona­ tion control with any "carrier employer" and in any event there is no evi­ dence that in tho operation* of its light and power properties it performed any service in connection with the transportation of passengers or property by railroad within tho meaning of Section 1(a) of tho Railroad Retirement Act. Therefore, it was not an "employer" undor the Railroad Retirement Act. As will appear later In this memorandum, tho company vzao not a "prodocoasor" within tho meaning of Sections l(f) and 202 of the Railroad Retirement Act of 1937 end service to it is not creditable under that Act. Mahonin? *■ Bhennrro Railway I- 1,1’ht Comn-iny (Pennsylvania) Information In various iditiona of Poor1 a and Moody’s manuals is that tho Mahoning L Shonango Railway 6 Light Company was incorporated on liny 23, 1905# under the laws of Pennsylvania and acquired tho property of tho Pennsylvania and Mahoning Valley Railway Company. It io said to ha vo "or,mod or controlled" about 159 a ilea of "intorurban and street rail­ way" linos in Youngstown, Girard, Miles, arron, Teavittalmrg, Sbruthera, Lowellville, Mineral Ridge, Ohio, end Sharon Falls, fheatland, V'eat Middle3 ox, Sharpoville and Row Castle, Pennsylvania, and alco tho electric lighting cystoma In certain of those communities.2 / The Mahoning & Shenango Railway t: Light Company (Pennsylvania) was succeeded on August 29, 1917, by the Mahoning 6 Shenango Railway & Light Company, an Oliio corporation, tho nano of which was changed on February 21, 1920, to The Pennsylvania—Ohio Electric Company. An examination of tho records of tho Interstate Cow.erce Co»- nission shows that the Mahoning t- Uhenmgo Railway le Light Company j/ Apparently each "controlled’1 company was operated as a ooparnto entity for each company, which had railvny operations, filed annual operating reports with the Interstate Commerce Commission, the reports of tho Mahoning & Shenango Railway & Light Company indicating tho ownership and operation of only approxi utely 13 ciiloa of railway. Ifonorsndua to Tho Director of Retirement Claims (Pennsylvania) filed with that Commission annual (oloctric) operating re­ ports for the years 1907 to 1916, Inclusive. It filed a. total of 21 freight tariffs. Tho earliest effective date of any of these tariffs is that of Its I.C.C, Do. 1, February 5, 1915- It filed also a number of passenger con­ currences and poMors of attorney. Ite freight tariffs were headed up aa followsi \ "Mahoning & Shenango hallway & Light Company comprising the following linasi Mahoning St Shenango Railway & Light Company. Sharon & I’ew Castlo Street Railway Co.ipany i / Mahoning Valley Railway Company 2/ ; , Lew Castle & Low oil Railway Corjpany 2/ Youngstown fr Sharon Street Railway Company 2/ Poland Street Railway Company" Tho Mahoning It Shenango Railway & Light Company (Pennsylvania) does not appear to have been a party to any proceedings before tho Interstate Com­ merce Coamission and its nans dous not appear in tho Official Guide of Railway® or tho Official Railway Equipment Register. Tho following tablo shows tho revenues of the Company and the equipment and mileage owned by it as reflected In its reports to the Interstate Co.vaereo Commissiont n;;v;~rnn-!i percor.tago of sruipvrrT freight to pao- Year Freight Pnooonger eenrer revenues Freight Pasaearner Mile a "i „ 1909 v‘ 2v0, u21. 56 12.93 1910 - 204,267 - . - 56 12.93 1911 - 222,18? - - 56 12.93 1912 — 226,740 - - 56 12.93 1913 — 234,333 — - 56 12.93 1914 - 240,644 - — 66 12.14 1915 5481 305,998 - - - 66 12.14 1916 604 403,442 - - 42 36.00 Inforraation furnished by Mr. V>. G, Bourne, Jr., Treasurer, Tho CoenonwealtU (t .Southern Corporation, (which company appears to be In possession of certain records of the ".'(boning ft Ghenango Railway & Light. Company and its successor corporations) with letters dated Kovenber 4, 1941, and Becenbar 10, 1941, is that c*ppraxira;vt«ly 9 per cent of the rail­ way of the Mahoning & Chenango Railway & Light Company (Pennsylvania) was built oil privately ovfned right-of-way and thu balance on public streets or highways; that it handled no freight; that it did not have physical 2/ Thego companies filed separate annual reports with tho Interstate Corcuerco Commission. Kemorandua to The uiroctor of Retirement Claims connection Tilth any otona carrier; that It did not interchange froieht or paasongorg with any steaa carrier; and that It was not directly or indi­ rectly owned or controlled by or tinder common control with any exproas company, sleeping-car company or carrier by railroad subject to Part I of tho Interstate Comaoreo Act, Y/'hethor or not the Mahoning & Shonango Railway f< Light Company (Pennsylvania) was a carrier by railroad subject to Part I of tho Inter­ state Commerce Act, it la my opinion, on thu basis of tho foregoing infor­ mation, that tho railway operated by it was nothing more than u street, suburban or lntcrurban electric railway within the exemption proviso in Section 1(a) of tho Railroad Retirement Act. It ovmed no freight equip­ ment; it had no physical connection with any steam carrier; it did not interchango freight or passengers with tiny steam carrier and except for / tho years 1915 and 1916 (for which years It had freight revenues of £481 and A604, respectively), it had no freight revenues. There is nothing in tho information available to chow that tho Mahoning & Shtmango Railway ft Light Company was controllod by or uncier com,:,on control with any "carrier employer" and in any event there is no evidence that in the operation of its power and light properties it performed ur.y ecrvico in connection with tho transportation of paesengors or property by railroad within tho mean­ ing of Section 1(a) of tho Railroad Retirement Act.
Recommended publications
  • Simple Maps of the Pennsylvania Turnpike System
    The Pennsylvania Turnpike Website: www.paturnpike.com Customer Service: 800.331.3414 (Outside U.S., call 717.831.7601) Travel Information: Dial 511 within PA Emergency Assistance or 1-877-511-PENN(7366) (877.736 .6727) when calling from outside of PA, Customer Service *11on the Pennsylvania Turnpike or visit www.511pa.com (Outside U.S., call 717-561-1522) *Gateway Toll Plaza (#2) near Ohio is a one-way toll facility. No toll is charged for westbound travel into Ohio, but there is an eastbound toll to enter Delmont Greensburg Pennsylvania via Gateway. The one-way tolling Bypass conversion was required to ease congestion and 66 allow installation of Express E-ZPass lanes. 14 Murrysville 22 Blairsville Sheffield D r. 66 12 BUS Sharon, Beaver Valley 66 Youngstown Expressway Harrison City 993 9 BUS Greensburg 376 15 66 422 Butler 8 Jeannette 130 Greensburg 376 6 Irwin 30 Greensburg 17 Mt. Jackson 108 New Castle Mainline Toll Zone 4 Mainline Toll Zone West Newton 136 Greensburg 20 New Galilee 168 Moravia 1 Erie Arona Rd. 351 Butler Ligonier Murrysville New Kensington Johnstown Greensburg 119 19 0 26 Elwood City ALLEGHENY 28 PITTSBURGH IRWIN DONEGAL 711 SOMERSET VALLEY 22 57 30 NEW STANTON 601 48 67 New Stanton Service Plaza 91 110 N.Somerset Service Plaza Allegheny Tunnel Warrendale Toll Plaza Allegheny River Allegheny Gateway Toll Plaza (Eastbound Only)* 75 Beaver River Beaver 49 To Central Section 76 70 76 Ohio 2 30 78 NEW BEAVER CRANBERRY BUTLER 112 of the map CASTLE 18 VALLEY 28 VALLEY 70 119 31 10 13 8 39 29 79 376 Darlington 551 Beaver
    [Show full text]
  • IMMEDIATE NEEDS ASSESSMENT of Railroad Infrastructure in the Youngstown-Warren Mahoning Valley Region
    WRPA Immediate Needs Rail Assessment – Page 1 IMMEDIATE NEEDS ASSESSMENT Of railroad infrastructure in the Youngstown-Warren Mahoning Valley region For the May 31, 2012 Conducted by with Excelsior Transportation Management WRPA Immediate Needs Rail Assessment – Page 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents . 2 Executive Summary . 3 Background . 4 Study Process . 8 Overview Rail Maps . 10 Project Scorecards . 12 Scorecard Criteria Descriptions . 12 1. Ohio Commerce Center, track improvements . 15 2. CSX/Ohio Central RR Ohio Junction rail yard expansion . 17 3. CASTLO/Lally rail service yard repairs/rehab . 20 4. Warren Steel Holdings & West Warren track connection . 23 5. AC&J RR Carson, Jefferson transload expansions . 25 6. Cleveland direct rail to Mahoning Valley via Kent . 27 7. Hubbard Trans-Rail America transload facilities . 29 8. Campbell-Darlington track/capacity enhancements . 31 9. Cleveland direct rail to Mahoning Valley via Kent Bypass . 33 10. Cleveland direct rail to Mahoning Valley via Mantua . 35 11. Ohio River NS Direct Track Connection at Alliance . 37 12. Reactivate State Line ROW from Lowellville to Hillsville . 39 13. Ohio River Y&S corridor restoration Negley to Glasgow . 41 SUMMARY – Rail Project Assessment Table . 43 Funding Options . 44 Conclusion . 48 WRPA Immediate Needs Rail Assessment – Page 3 Executive Summary In February 2012, the Board of Trustees of the Western Reserve Port Authority requested assistance in determining if it should build its organizational capacity to aid or otherwise develop railroad infrastructure projects in the Youngstown-Warren Mahoning Valley region. WRPA engaged RESTORE (Rail Enhancements = Sustainable Transportation, Opportunity, Revitalization & Employment), a rail freight infrastructure research arm of the nonprofit educational organization All Aboard Ohio, to help it determine what might be the best way to build its rail development capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Popular Annual Financial Report Ended December 31, 2018 Mahoning County, Ohio
    Popular Annual Financial Report Ended December 31, 2018 Mahoning County, Ohio Ralph T. Meacham, CPA Mahoning County Auditor Table of Contents Page To the Citizens of Mahoning County ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Mahoning County ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 County Auditor Organizational Chart .................................................................................................................................... 4 Auditor’s Office .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Industry, Commerce and Economic Development ................................................................................................................ 7 Local Government Developments ............................................................................................................................................. 11 Mahoning County – A great place to live, work and play! ................................................................................................. 12 Elected Officials ........................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Economic
    [Show full text]
  • Mahoning Valley Peer Metro Report
    Indicators of Economic Competitiveness Mahoning Valley Peer Metro Report • May 2017 1 Title VI/Non-Discrimination Policy It is Eastgate’s Policy that all recipients of federal funds that pass through this agency ensure that they are in full compliance with Title VI and all related regulations and directives in all programs and activities. No person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, low-income status, or limited English proficiency, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination under any of Eastgate’s programs, policies, or activities. This report was financed by the Economic Development Administration’s Partnership Planning Grant, Eastgate Regional Council of Governments, and the Regional Economic Development Initiative at Youngstown State University. 2 Mahoning Valley Peer Metro Report Contents Introduction ............................................4 Population Dynamics ...................................7 Traded Clusters ..........................................10 Peer Metrics ...........................................11 Recommendations .................................16 Data Sources ..........................................18 3 Introduction The Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (CEDS) for the Eastgate Regional Council of Governments (Eastgate) counties of Ashtabula, Mahoning, and Trumbull was updated in the fall of 2016. The CEDS is the road- map for diversifying and strengthening the regional economy across public,
    [Show full text]
  • June 25, 2021
    June 25, 2021 Dear Members of the Ohio General Assembly and Gov. DeWine, The past year has illustrated how critical housing security is for all Ohioans. Unfortunately, an amendment included in the substitute version of the biennial budget (HB 110) would exacerbate Ohio’s affordable housing shortage by undermining the economic viability of affordable housing developments. This amendment would effectively increase property tax liability on many types of federally assisted housing developments without regard to the fact that these projects generate less rental income, and often cost more to operate, than market-rate housing projects. The Ohio Supreme Court has a long history of ruling that property taxes on subsidized housing should be based on the income that is actually received – not market-rate rent that could be theoretically collected if there were no rent restrictions in place. This proposal, which is similar to legislation introduced in the 133rd General Assembly (SB 36), would warp Ohio’s property tax valuation system in an inequitable manner, and apply that inequitable method against only one type of property – properties that are designed to house our poorest citizens. The Senate Ways & Means Chairman asked interested parties to collaborate on a solution that would ensure federally assisted housing could remain viable, while satisfying county auditors’ need for the time and information necessary to accurately assess these properties. A working group has made significant progress toward developing a proposal and has started implementing a pilot program that gives county auditors a clear method for valuing affordable housing properties. This controversial budget amendment has not been fully vetted in the Senate and not at all in the House; enacting it now would preempt the working group’s consensus solution.
    [Show full text]
  • Mahoning Valley Scrappers 2021 Roster Roster As of May 23, 2021 Mahoning Valley Scrappers Eastwood Field 111 Eastwood Mall Blvd
    Mahoning Valley Scrappers 2021 Roster Roster as of May 23, 2021 Mahoning Valley Scrappers Eastwood Field 111 Eastwood Mall Blvd. Niles, Ohio 44446 330-505-0000 Pitchers (12) # Name B/T Ht. Wt. BOB College/HS Birthplace 36 Alec Thomas R/R 6’1 175 9/23/97 Clarke College IA Champaign, Illinois 8 Cole Ayers R/R 6’3 185 8/17/99 State College of FL Cincinnati, Ohio 4 Gabe Shepard R/R 5’10 210 3/26/99 Southern Mississippi Mobile, Alabama 30 Jacob DeLabio R/R 6’5 205 9/19/97 Carthage College Kenosha, Wisconsin 33 Jimmy Burnette L/L 6’2 205 10/19/98 Saint Leo University Chicago, Illinois 37 Logan Boente R/R 6’1 195 6/18/00 McKendree University O’Fallon, Illinois 16 Preston Salazar R/R 6’4 205 8/03/00 ST. Louis CC Kirkwood, Missouri 26 Reese Dutton R/R 6’2 185 5/15/01 Heartland CC Kenosha, Wisconsin 45 Trey Nordmann R/R 6’3 210 2/13/01 Evansville Dewitt, Michigan 7 Ethan Brown L/L 6’3 185 10/30/99 Seminole State FL Winter Garden, Florida 43 Ben Belgrave R/R 6’6 195 - McHenry County College Catchers (3) # Name B/T Ht. Wt. BOB College/HS Birthplace 40 Duncan Hewitt R/R 6’2 215 5/17/98 Butler Indianapolis, Indiana 9 Mitch Hundley R/R 5’10 170 9/26/00 Morton (JUCO) Palatine, Illinois 23 Sergio Guerra R/R 6’0 180 3/05/02 San Diego (HS) TX San Diego, Texas Infielders (5) # Name B/T Ht.
    [Show full text]
  • PENNSYLVANIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA SYNTHESIS: the Beaver Creek Watershed (Watershed B of the Ohio River Subbasin 20)
    PENNSYLVANIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA SYNTHESIS: The Beaver Creek Watershed (Watershed B of the Ohio River Subbasin 20) S.R. 0224, Section L02 State Street Bridge Replacement Project Mahoning Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania ER #1999-6092-073 Prepared for: Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Engineering District 11-0 45 Thomas Run Road Bridgeville, Pennsylvania 15017 Submitted by: A.D. Marble & Company 100 Gamma Drive Suite 203 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15238 July 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Figures................................................................................................................................. ii List of Photographs........................................................................................................................ iii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................................v CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT SUMMARY........................................1 A. Introduction....................................................................................................................1 B. Project Setting................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Toll Plate We Bill You
    A Listing of E-ZPass and PA Turnpike TOLL BY PLATE Rates for All Classes of Vehicles Effective January 3, 2021 SECTION 1 : E-ZPass Rates | SECTION 2 : PA Turnpike TOLL BY PLATE Rates PA TURNPIKE TOLL PLATE WE BILL YOU 2021 TOLL SCHEDULE A Listing of E-ZPass Rates for All Classes of Vehicles Effective January 3, 2021 E-ZPass Rates PA TURNPIKE TOLL PLATE WE BILL YOU 2021 TOLL SCHEDULE Mainline Turnpike 43 - Mon/Fayette Expressway - PA/WV State Line to Uniontown ..........................................Page 44 30 Warrendale .............................................................Page 2 Turnpike 43 - Mon/Fayette Expressway - 39 Butler Valley ...........................................................Page 3 Uniontown to Brownsville ...................................................Page 45 48 Allegheny Valley .....................................................Page 4 Turnpike 43 - Mon/Fayette Expressway - 57 Pittsburgh ...............................................................Page 5 US 40 to PA 51 ..................................................................Page 46 67 Irwin .......................................................................Page 6 Turnpike 66 .......................................................................Page 47 75 New Stanton ...........................................................Page 7 91 Donegal ..................................................................Page 8 Clarks Summit & Keyser Avenue ........................................Page 48 110 Somerset ................................................................Page
    [Show full text]
  • Ohio High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area
    U.S. Department of Justice National Drug Intelligence Center Ohio High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Drug Market Analysis 2011 Source Summary Statement The National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC) has high confidence in this drug market analysis as it is based on multiple sources of information that have proved highly reliable in prior NDIC, law enforcement, and intelligence community reporting. Quantitative data, including seizure, eradication, and arrest statistics, were drawn from data sets maintained by federal, state, or local government agencies. Discussions of the prevalence and consequences of drug abuse are based on published reports from U.S. Government agencies and interviews with public health officials deemed reliable because of their expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of drug abuse. Trends and patterns related to drug production, trafficking, and abuse were identified through detailed analysis of coordinated counterdrug agency reporting and information. NDIC intelligence analysts and field intelligence officers obtained this information through numerous interviews with law enforcement and public health officials (federal, state, and local) in whom NDIC has a high level of confidence based on previous contact and reporting, their recognized expertise, and their professional standing and reputation within the U.S. counterdrug community. This report was reviewed and corroborated by law enforcement officials who have jurisdiction in the Ohio High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area and possess an expert knowledge of its drug situation. U.S. Department of Justice National Drug Intelligence Center 2011-R0813-025 September 2011 Ohio High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Drug Market Analysis 2011 This assessment is an outgrowth of a partnership between the NDIC and HIDTA Program for preparation of annual assessments depicting drug trafficking trends and developments in HIDTA Program areas.
    [Show full text]
  • O'neill, MOIRA, MA AUGUST 2019 GEOGRAPHY EVOLUTION and COOPERATION in the YOUNGSTOWN AREA (175 Pp.)
    O’NEILL, MOIRA, M.A. AUGUST 2019 GEOGRAPHY EVOLUTION AND COOPERATION IN THE YOUNGSTOWN AREA (175 pp.) Thesis Advisor: David H. Kaplan The ongoing populist backlash against the liberal-democratic world order has strong geographical dimensions and demands a reckoning with growing spatial inequality. Until now, economic geography has largely viewed the divergent trajectories of local and regional economies as a either a process of evolutionary selection or the byproduct of localized institutional structures. However, this thesis proposes a new framework to synthesize the two, conceptualizing geographical inequality as the result of agent-driven equilibrium selection within an evolving complex system. Using a post-industrial community in eastern Ohio as a case, three studies demonstrate the usefulness of this approach. First, an historical survey traces the rise, stagnation, and decline of the Youngstown area’s economy as the result of changing competitive landscapes and the (in)ability of local institutions to coordinate a response. Second, a quantitative analysis relates initial community characteristics to outcomes following the Great Recession. Here, neighborhood economic norms and membership effects offered the most compelling explanation for why some communities were resilient in the face of the shock while others fared poorly. Third, a mixed-methods approach combines qualitative fieldwork with non- cooperative game theory and illustrates how institutional coordination failure has trapped much of the Mahoning Valley in a sub-optimal state of development. The overwhelming evidence from these studies leads to the conclusion that for place economies, evolutionary fitness should be considered synonymous with institutional fitness. That is, norms around cooperation and economic activity are the driving forces behind local development outcomes amidst macroeconomic change.
    [Show full text]
  • Ohio and General Motors Reach Agreement on $12 Million Community Investment
    For Immediate Release: Contact: Todd Walker January 14, 2021 [email protected] Ohio and General Motors Reach Agreement on $12 Million Community Investment The Ohio Development Services Agency and General Motors have reached an agreement on the company’s $12 million community investment in the Mahoning Valley. The community investments are required as part of the settlement for GM’s repayment of its Job Creation and Retention Tax Credit incentives. In addition, GM will repay $28 million in tax credits. The state of Ohio required that GM refund the tax credits and make these investments following the company’s decision to close its Lordstown assembly facility. “This agreement provides investment in workforce, education, and infrastructure that will build on the Mahoning Valley’s strong manufacturing heritage,” said Governor Mike DeWine. “This investment will position the region for economic growth in the automotive industry and beyond.” GM has committed $5 million to Youngstown State University for workforce development in partnership with Eastern Gateway Community College, and funding for the YSU Energy Storage Innovation and Training Center. The Village of Lordstown will receive $3 million for the design and construction of a new water tower. Eastgate Regional Council of Governments will receive $2.5 million for local infrastructure improvements, and the Mahoning Valley Manufacturers Coalition will receive $1.5 million to support community workforce development. “The partnerships with Youngstown State and the Mahoning Valley Manufacturers Coalition will help develop the workforce for the electric vehicle and battery markets,” said Lt. Governor Jon Husted. “The future of energy technology is being developed right here in Ohio, and our ongoing relationship with General Motors will accelerate this innovation while providing jobs in the Mahoning Valley.” “These projects were identified locally, will leverage additional outside funding, and have a measurable impact on the community,” said Lydia Mihalik, Director of the Ohio Development Services Agency.
    [Show full text]
  • Metropolitan Profile
    Metropolitan Profile Youngstown & Warren, Ohio Youngstown/Warren Regional Chamber A GREAT LOCATION…. A great location and a logical center for your business. Youngstown-Warren Ohio is the only metro area centered between Chicago and New York, providing easy overnight ground access to both. Youngstown is also equally located between two major cities, Cleveland and Pittsburgh. With a great infrastructure and the ability to easily move products through the area, Youngstown/Warren metro area is the ideal place to locate your company. It is strategically located within 500 miles of: 60% of the U.S. effective buying income. 40% of the Canadian population. 55% of all U.S. manufacturing. 10 of the top 25 U.S. metro markets. 50% of the U.S. population. It is within 75 miles of CLEVELAND, PITTSBURGH, 41% of all U.S. Households AKRON, CANTON, ERIE and..... 55% of all manufacturing facilities 6.3 million people 58% of the top 500 U.S. industrial headquarters 8,700 manufacturing plants 56% of the top 500 U.S. service corporate 9,100 wholesale/distribution centers 15 Fortune 500 company world headquarters 2 international airports – that move 177 million tons of cargo per year 3 regional airports Lake Erie shipping Ohio River ports 95 college and university campus locations the center of the Cleveland-Youngstown- Pittsburgh TechBelt The Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is com- prised of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties in Ohio and Mercer County in Pennsylvania. The area includes the cities of Warren, Youngstown and Sharon. Columbiana County is just south of the region and is included in the Youngstown-Warren-East Liverpool, OH-PA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), as designated by the U.S.
    [Show full text]