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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 19503 Betty M. Rhoads, Washington, Mich., in Charles L. France, Sharon Springs, N.Y., SOtJ'TH DAKOTA place of B. S. Powell, retired. in place of M. A. Lynk, retired. Harold A. Loof, Corona, S.Dak., in place of MINNESOTA Thomas B. O'Driscoll, Theresa, N.Y., in R. A. Phillips, retired. place of M. D. Proctor, retired. Hjalmar Hulin, Aitkin, Minn., in place of Leonard H. Nelson, Miller, S.Dak., in place R. V. Peterson, retired. OHIO of W. A. Hall, retired. MISSISSIPPI Joseph J. Scanlon, Cincinnati, Ohio, in TEXAS place of H. A. Wehking, retired. Avanell T. Reynolds, Leggett, Tex., in place Jane W. Head, Stonev1Ile, Miss., in place of Carl J. Boeshart, Danvme, Ohio, in place B. M. Weilenman, retired. of M. A. Hemphill, deceased. of J. J. Scholes, retired. Oleta B. Coleman, Splendora, Tex., in place MONTANA W1lliam H. Theisen, Nelsonville, Ohio, in place of J. B. Preston, retired. of P. W. Davis, retired. John R. McCormick, Kremlin, Mont.; in Mary T. Anderson, Webster, Tex., H. I. place of Delbert Trulson, retired. OKLAHOMA Burks, removed. NEBRASKA Lorenzo S. Eales, Hobart, Okla., in place of UTAH Michael J. Lyons, Gothenburg, Nebr., in P. 0. Wright, retired. G. Vernal Seamons, Hyde Park, Utah, in place of E. L. Tarr;retired. Margie D. Kirkpatrick, Kremlin, Okla., in place of Vernon Perkes, deceased. place of C. J. Rathmel, transferred. NEW YORK WEST VIRGINIA PENNSYLVANIA Joseph D. Zint, Highland Falls, N.Y., in Lester W. Perry, Jr., Chapmanv1lle, W.Va., place of F. J. Mahoney, resigned. Walter E. Lucas, Fleming, Pa., in place of in place of E. E. Frye, resigned. F. E. Zahniser, retired. M. Elizabeth Egan, Hurley, N.Y., in place Roberta L. Price, Rachel, W. Va., in place of E. M. Jones, resigned. Robert L. Clink, Snow Shoe, Pa., in place of J. W. Sullivan, deceased. of Myra Brand, resigned. Robert N. Spickerman, Middleburg, N.Y., George E. Teter, Riverton, W.Va., in place in place of F. B. Richard, retired. SOUTH CAROLINA of Cleda Nelson, transferred. Louis J. Picarazzi, Selkirk, N.Y., in place DeWitt T. Branham, Jr., Lugoff, S.C., in Roland Emmett Florence, Washington, of Herbert Strumpf, declined. place of S . .T. Ward, retired. W.Va., in place of K. M. Grogan, retired. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A Salute to Cyprus the island as a military base. The re­ peace will be restored to the island and sults were disruptive-excessive blood­ that a permanent and amicable solution EXTENSION OF REMARKS shed, strife, and guerrilla action by Greek will have been reached to enable the OF Cypriot partisan groups. islanders to live in harmony once more. This grim situation was to endure un­ HON. ADAM C. POWELL til independence was achieved in 1960. OF NEW YORK Although sovereign in title, the Cypriot IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Government was restricted from supreme Senator Keating Supports Majority Rule authority by the negotiating powers for Cyprus Thursday, August 13, 1964 which granted independence to the Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, Cyprus island. By a series of agreements, EXTENSION OF REMARKS this coming Sunday, August 16, will cele­ strongly resisted by the provisional brate its fourth year of independence. leader of the Greek community, Arch­ OF On this memorable occasion, we wish to bishop Makarios, the Turkish minority HON. HUGH SCOTT extend warm felicitations to His Excel­ was guaranteed governing rights for OF PENNSYLVANIA lency Archbishop Makarios, President of their own community, including the veto Cyprus; and to His Excellency Zenon power over presidential decrees. The IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Rossides, Ambassador of Cyprus to the hostilities which the island is experi­ Thursday, August 13, 1964 United States. encing today stem from an attempt by Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, the junior This island, situated 40 miles from the Cypriot President Makarios to abro­ Senator from New York [Mr. KEATING] the Turkish mainland, has always been gate these agreements and to change the recently spoke at the annual meeting of of strategic importance to eastern Medi­ constitution, whereby the Cypriot Gov­ the Empire State chapter of the Order terranean politics, a pawn in the disputes ernment would be able to enjoy auton­ of Ahepa, the American-Hellenic Edu­ between the Romans and Ptolemies, be­ omy and, at the same time, authority cational Progressive Association. In a tween the Crusaders and Arabs, between over all Cypriot citizens. realistic and hardhitting address, Sen­ the Venetians and the Turks. The Although the severe conditions which ator KEATING pointed out that the only British, when they leased the island in prevail have created adverse economic permanent solution for the Cyprus crisis 1878 from the Ottoman Government, conditions, Cyprus has great potentiali­ must be self-determination and majority used it as an outer defense for the Suez ties for economic expansion and sov­ rule for the people of that troubled is­ Canal, a military base to insure the pro­ ereignty. Predominantly agrarian, min­ land. If course, minority rights must be tection and guarantee of British in­ erals and other resources found on the fully protected, as Senator KEATING terests in the area. With the outbreak of island would provide a dependable source pointed out; but in a representative gov­ World War I, the British seized Cyprus of income for development purposes. ernment there is no place for a minority from the Turks and was du1y granted Th.e history of Cyprus has been recorded veto, exercised by less than one-fifth of formal suzerainty by the Treaty of in numerous antiquities which dot the the population, over the decisions of the Lausanne in 1924. cities and countryside, a veritable tour­ majority, in such key fields as taxation Following World War II, repercussions ist's paradise. Copper, from which the and foreign affairs. from the demand for independence by Republic's name is derived, is mined to­ Senator KEATING has rightly warned mandated and colonial lands in the Mid­ day as it was in Roman times. Although that only the Communists stand to gain die East and Africa were soon felt on the the current 5-year development plan has by continuing conflict and tragedy on the island. Because the population is pre­ been suspended by the fighting, it pro­ Island of Cyprus. There is urgent need dominantly of Greek origin, while the vided for water conservation, improve­ Turkish minority constitutes only 19 per­ ment of agricultural production, expan­ for the United States to support the basic cent, a demand for enosis, union with the sion of electrification and of existing in­ principles of representative government Greek motherland, was presented to the dustries, and improvement of docks and which we in this Nation cherish, and -to British authorities. The refusal by both harbors, all worthy projects to insure apply those principles to policy on the the Turkish Cypriots and by their pro­ developmental progress and economic Cyprus issue. tector, the Turkish Government, forbade growth and stability. I ask unanimous consent to have such a proposal from taking place. In­ It is my sincere hope that, as the peo­ printed in the RECORD the text of the fine sfead the British Government attempted ple of Cyprus celebrate the fourth inde­ address delivered by Senator KEATING in to maintain a status quo, maintaining pendence anniversary of their country, New York City on July 3. 19504 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE August 13 There being no objection, the address 17-percent minority over critical areas of na­ for Turkish citizens in Greece or Cyprus nor was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, tional policy, including taxation, foreign af­ would they be if Cyprus united with Greece. fairs, defense and security, which hamstrings Perhaps an international commission un­ as follows: the 82-percent Greek majority. der NATO, the United Nations or the Inter­ TEXT OF ADDRESS BY SENATOR KENNETH B. I yield to no one in my support and defense national Court could further protect the in­ KEATING, TO THE ANNUAL DISTRICT MEETING for the basic individual and civil rights of a dividual rights of Turkish Cypriots. Such a OF THE EMPmE STATE CHAPTER OF THE minority. But at the same time, I cannot commission could have jurisdiction over com­ ORDER OF AHEPA (THE AMERICAN HELLENIC recognize, and I believe the Government of plaints by Turkish citizens as to infringe­ EDUCATIONAL PROGRESSIVE AsSOCIATION), the United States must not recognize, that ments of their basic human rights. This AMERICANA HOTEL, NEW YoRK CITY, JULY a permanent solution to any vital political would be a significant concession on the part 3, 1964 problem can be found by giving a minority of the Greek Cypriots and Greek Govern­ On the eve of our own Independence Day of 17 percent a final veto over critical govern­ ment as it involves a giving up of certain it is altogether fitting that we discuss the ment activities. rights of sovereignty. Coupled with this problem of Cyprus, for the issue is freedom The people of Cyprus deserve an effective solution could be an offer of voluntary re­ and, to a great extent, it is an American prob­ government, and with a minority veto, effec­ patriation with indemnification for those lem. Cyprus involves three of our NATO tive government is impossible. Yet, incred­ Turkish Cypriots who wanted to leave Cyprus allies: Great Britain, Greece, and Turkey. ible as it seems, our own Government has for Turkey. The current crisis has undermined the sta­ failed to give open support to the principle What about the Turkish Government's op­ bility of Greece and Turkey and has bene­ which it endorses everywhere else in the position-Is it reasonable? fited only the Soviet Union and the local world-the principle of majority rule.

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