Politics Italian Style Queen Victoria in Italy the Pope Francis Effect Veronese at the National Gallery RIVISTA Garibaldi Remembered 2014-2015
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Politics Italian Style Queen Victoria in Italy The Pope Francis Effect Veronese at the National Gallery RIVISTA Garibaldi Remembered 2014-2015 The Magazine of 1 Dear readers diting a magazine has been a novel experience for subjects mention a remarkable Australian, Mary Gaunt. See us both – and much more challenging than either if you can spot her! of us anticipated. But it has brought rich rewards: E Finally, we would like to thank Rivista’s former editorial team, engaging with many different people with an interest in Italy Alex Richardson and Georgina Gordon-Ham, for all their and British-Italian relations, exploring ideas and learning new help and support in handing over the baton to us. We hope skills to name but a few. to maintain the very high standards that they set for the In this our first issue we have made a few changes. We are magazine. aware that Rivista readers are a loyal bunch and hope that the new look will not upset established reading habits. We Buona lettura! are mindful, however, that no magazine can remain static, Linda Northern and Vanessa Hall-Smith and to this end we have re-ordered the content so that the featured articles appear at the beginning and articles and news relating to the British-Italian Society have been moved to the later pages. Part of the thinking behind these changes is to reach out to a broader readership who may be drawn to a particular article, with a view to encouraging new members. We are most grateful to all who have contributed, whether Rivista regulars or first-timers. Features range from an explanation of the Italian political system to Queen Victoria’s visits to Italy, from Venice as an island of study to Florence as inspiration for Lady Chatterley’s Lover. We also include a review of the National Gallery’s blockbuster Veronese show, and couldn’t put this issue to bed without an article on Garibaldi – 2014 being the 150th anniversary of his historic visit to London. Two of the featured articles on unrelated Vanessa Hall-Smith Linda Northern Cover photo: Ceramic pottery depicting Garibaldi and Colonel John Whitehead Peard (1811-1886) commonly known as Garibaldi’s Englishman. Peard joined Garibaldi on his expedition to Sicily and distinguished himself at the battle of Melazzo in 1860. He then made his way to Naples with Garibaldi’s troops and commanded the British Legion. For his services he was awarded the Cross of the Order of Valour by King Victor Emmanuel II. Peard retired to Cornwall and was visited by Garibaldi during his visit to England in April 1864. Contact Rivista is published by the British-Italian Society British-Italian Society Membership Secretary No 397 2014/15 John Jinks www.british-italian.org [email protected] Designed & Printed by Evonprint British-Italian Society Events Secretary [email protected] Elisabetta Murgia At Evonprint we are fully committed to printing responsibly and [email protected] respecting our environment in all of our business practices. In recognition of this, we were awarded FSC and ISO14001 certification. Rivista Editors [email protected] The views expressed in Rivista are those of the authors of each article and do not necessarily reflect those of the British-Italian Society. Every effort has been made to acknowledge copyright where appropriate. 2 In this issue features REVIEWS Garibaldi Remembered 4 Exhibitions 29 Events to celebrate the 150th anniversary of a historic visit Helen Langdon on Veronese: Magnificence in Renaissance are reviewed by Charles de Chassiron Venice at the National Gallery The Pope Francis Effect 6 Alice Bygraves on Roman Ostia: Ancient Ruins, Modern Art Mark Pellew assesses the impact of the first Jesuit Pope at the Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art The Fort Durbo Affair 10 Vanessa Hall-Smith on Stories of Friendship A forgotten incident in Italian Somaliland is unearthed by Books 33 Sandra Fox Ranieri Polese on the 2014 Strega Prize winner Lady Chatterley a Firenze 12 Alexandra Richardson takes the train with Tim Parks Serena Cenni considers the role of Florence in the creation of one of the 20th century’s most notorious novels Georgina Gordon-Ham goes back in time with the Politics Italian Style 14 Scotti-Gonzaga family Mark Donovan unravels the workings of the Italian political Tom Richardson on the decline of the textile industry in Prato system Festivals 39 Venice – Island of Studies 16 Susan Kikoler visits the Spello Film Festival John Hall asks some questions about the future of foreign Diana Darlington enjoys music in Anghiari study programmes in the city of canals A Machiavellian Connection 18 British-Italian Society Year A link to the legendary political theorist is discovered by Chairman’s Report 43 Charles Avery Talks 44 Pull out the Stops 20 The importance of being Amerigo – Margherita Calderoni Charles de Chassiron tells the tale of an organ Blood and Beauty - Sarah Dunant Bordighera Days 21 Yvonne Fox recalls her early education between the wars in Leconfield Lecture 2013: The State of Italy – Bill Emmott this Ligurian town The enduring influence of Italian mathematicians – Ginori at the V&A 22 John Andrews Doccia porcelain in London is viewed by Justin Raccanello Pasquini’s nephew: Musical creativity in the age of Queen Victoria in Italy 24 Partimento - Benjamin Katz Mariateresa Wright goes on some royal journeys Pas de deux: Ladri di Biciclette in film history – Robert Gordon INTERVIEW Revisiting the food of Italy – Claudia Roden Stephen Parkin and Andrea del Corno 26 UPCOMING IN ITALY talk to Vanessa Hall-Smith about the Italian Collections in the British Library and London Library Expo 2015 53 3 FEATURES Garibaldi Remembered by Charles de Chassiron arly April 2014 marked the 150th anniversary of the triumphal visit to London paid by Giuseppe Garibaldi Ein 1864, during the period just after his astonishing military triumphs in southern Italy which contributed so much to the process of Italian Unification. Garibaldi was received in the British capital as an anti-Catholic and liberal hero, and Garibaldimania gripped all classes of British society as he visited the country, notionally to thank the British people for the support which they had consistently given to the national movement in Italy. Garibaldi was feted from the start of his stay, being received at Southampton by his aristocratic supporter the Duke of Sutherland, visiting the Isle of Wight to meet Tennyson, and then travelling to London, where he was mobbed by a crowd of 500,000 people as his carriage tried to reach the Duke’s home at Stafford House – now known as Lancaster House. A succession of invitations, tributes, speeches, dinners and displays of enthusiasm greeted the Italian hero in mid-Victorian Britain, with Garibaldi actively cultivating his celebrity status and persona, though he was wary of allowing any one group to take him over, whether they were Italian republican exiles or British aristocratic admirers (particularly female ones). He met leading politicians including Gladstone, Palmerston and Russell, as well as Garibaldi public figures like Florence Nightingale, and he received the freedom of the City of London as well as that of the He attended rallies of working people at Crystal Palace, Fishmongers’ Guild. and he also met Mazzini and other radical exiles, including Alexander Herzen – at which point the British Government began to show some concern about the feelings so stirred up. British radicals tried to get him to visit the great Northern cities like Newcastle, and away from his grand admirers in London, but Garibaldi failed to do this, and in fact he suddenly decided to cut short his visit, pleading exhaustion. He left for Italy in the last week of April 1864, to the disappointment of Mazzinians and British radicals alike, who had hoped his presence would attract funds to help liberate Venice and Rome (which only became part of the new Kingdom in 1870). His visit thus ended rather sourly, but it had a discernible effect in Britain both on the political process leading to the Second Reform Act of 1867, and on the movement to found the International Working Men’s Association in London that same year. The visit was suitably commemorated both in 1914 and again in 1964, and late in 2013 an organising committee was set up, with the welcome and active help of the Italian Embassy, to plan a suitable programme of events for Spring 2014. As chairman of the British-Italian Society, I worked with Domenic Pini, chairman of the Mazzini-Garibaldi Club in London, Telegram from Freemasons in Palermo thanking Freemasons in London and a number of others to pull together a full programme, for reception given to Garibaldi which included a well-attended lecture at the Italian Cultural 4 FEATURES Institute by Professor Lucy Riall of London University (and author of the best work on Garibaldi in English), followed by a concert of Risorgimento music, another ceremony to confer a City freedom on Garibaldi’s redoubtable great-granddaughter Anita, and an exhibition of memorabilia at the Freemasons’ Hall. There were also splendid dinners held both at the Reform Club and the Fishmongers’ company, the former with Anita Garibaldi attending in person, and finally there was an award ceremony in May of fifteen special Garibaldi medallions to those deemed by a selection committee to have contributed most to bilateral relations in recent years. The awards were given out during a lunch personally Prime Minister Renzi, Kenneth Clarke, Charles de Chassiron and Boris prepared by Giorgio Locatelli, and Johnson at Lancaster House the winners were mainly drawn from the membership of the Mazzini-Garibaldi Club and the Italian Church in Clerkenwell, Lancaster House of the fine plaque and bust of Garibaldi honouring notable individuals associated with charity service.