Horse Coat Color Test Results Dt34839
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19/07/2018 Page 1 of 9 Genetic Screening Tests Available Symbol
Genetic Screening Tests available Symbol Name Description of variant effects Genetic Disease Testing CA is a neurological disorder that affects the cells in the cerebellum, causing head tremors, ataxia and other effects. Affected horses are more likely to fall and are generally not safe to ride. Symptoms appear from 6 weeks to around 4 months old. CA has been linked to a mutation in the TOE1 Cerebellar CA gene and is a recessive disorder, meaning that a horse must Abiotrophy be homozygous (CA/CA) to be affected. If a horse is a carrier (CA/n), it will not show any clinical signs of CA, but it will pass the variant on to approximately half its offspring. Mating to other carriers should be avoided to prevent the birth of an affected foal. LFS causes neurological dysfunction in foals. The symptoms include seizures, hyperextension of the limbs, neck and back, leg paddling, and inability to stand. As the name suggests, LFS also dilutes to the coat to a pale lavender pink or silver colour. The foal will not improve and will die, so it should be euthanised. LFS is a recessive disorder so two copies of the Lavender Foal defective version of the MYO5A gene must be inherited LFS Syndrome (LFS/LFS) for a foal to be affected. If a horse is a carrier (LFS/n), it will not show any clinical signs of LFS. However, there is a 50% chance it will pass the variant to its offspring, so mating to other carriers should be avoided to prevent the birth of an affected foal. -
Color Coat Genetics
Color CAMERoatICAN ≤UARTER Genet HORSE ics Sorrel Chestnut Bay Brown Black Palomino Buckskin Cremello Perlino Red Dun Dun Grullo Red Roan Bay Roan Blue Roan Gray SORREL WHAT ARE THE COLOR GENETICS OF A SORREL? Like CHESTNUT, a SORREL carries TWO copies of the RED gene only (or rather, non-BLACK) meaning it allows for the color RED only. SORREL possesses no other color genes, including BLACK, regardless of parentage. It is completely recessive to all other coat colors. When breeding with a SORREL, any color other than SORREL will come exclusively from the other parent. A SORREL or CHESTNUT bred to a SORREL or CHESTNUT will yield SORREL or CHESTNUT 100 percent of the time. SORREL and CHESTNUT are the most common colors in American Quarter Horses. WHAT DOES A SORREL LOOK LIKE? The most common appearance of SORREL is a red body with a red mane and tail with no black points. But the SORREL can have variations of both body color and mane and tail color, both areas having a base of red. The mature body may be a bright red, deep red, or a darker red appearing almost as CHESTNUT, and any variation in between. The mane and tail are usually the same color as the body but may be blonde or flaxen. In fact, a light SORREL with a blonde or flaxen mane and tail may closely resemble (and is often confused with) a PALOMINO, and if a dorsal stripe is present (which a SORREL may have), it may be confused with a RED DUN. -
EQUINE COAT COLORS and GENETICS by Erika Eckstrom
EQUINE COAT COLORS AND GENETICS By Erika Eckstrom Crème Genetics The cream gene is an incomplete dominant. Horse shows a diluted body color to pinkish-red, yellow-red, yellow or mouse gray. The crème gene works in an additive effect, making a horse carrying two copies of the gene more diluted towards a crème color than a horse with one copy of the gene. Crème genes dilute red coloration more easily than black. No Crème Genes One Crème Gene Two Crème Genes Black Smokey Black Smokey Crème A Black based horse with no "bay" A Black horse that received one copy A Black horse that received one copy gene, and no dilution gene, ranging of the crème dilution gene from one of the crème gene from both of its from "true" black to brown in of its parents, but probably looks no parents, possessing pink skin, blue eyes, and an orange or red cast to the appearance. different than any other black or brown horse. entire hair coat. Bay Buckskin Perlino A Black based horse with the "bay" Agouti gene, which restricts the A Bay horse that received one copy A Bay horse that received one copy of black to the mane, tail and legs of the crème dilution gene from its the crème gene from both of its (also called black "points") and no parents, giving it a diluted hair coat parents, and has pink skin, blue eyes, a ranging in color from pale cream, cream to white colored coat and a dilution gene. gold or dark "smutty" color, and has darker mane and tail (often orange or black "points". -
Features of Coat Color and Markings and Impact of Dun Factor on Vyatka Horse Breed
BIO Web of Conferences 17, 00202 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700202 FIES 2019 Features of coat color and markings and impact of dun factor on Vyatka horse breed Natalia F. Belousova1, Svetlana P. Bass2, Svetlana A. Zinoveva3, Sergei A. Kozlov3,*, and Sergei S. Markin3 1All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding (VNIIK), 391105 Divovo Village, Ryazan Region, Russia 2Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 426069 Izhevsk, Russia 3Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Skryabin, 109472 Moscow, Russia Abstract. The predominant coat colors in Vyatka horse breed are bay-brown (69.6 %) and mousey (20.8 %). Among the genotyped livestock, three genotypes of the base bay coat color (EE/AA, EE/Aa, Ee/AA) and two genotypes of the base solid blackcock (EE/a/a, Ee/aa) have been detected. The proportion of horses with Cr allele is 2.1 %. In Vyatka horse breed, three isabelline-brown horses (Cr/Cr) have been recorded and the presence of W20n allele was detected. Among the horses genotyped, 35.5 % are DD homozygous, 61.3 % are heterozygous (Dd1, Dd2), 3.2 % have the nd2/nd2 genotype. Allele d2 against the background of D does not always cause the presence of “wild” markings, unlike D/D. The influence of Dun-factor on the depigmentation area has not been detected. 39.9 % of horses have white markings (including 30 % of stallions), which are mainly facial markings (59.8 %), less often they are leg markings (21.6 %) or both facial and leg markings (18, 6 %). 1 Introduction At the same time, the chestnut (red and brown) coat color has become rather rare in the breed. -
Genetics and Genomics of Mammalian Pigment Patterns
GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF MAMMALIAN PIGMENT PATTERNS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FUFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Lewis Zuocheng Hong August 2011 © 2011 by Zuocheng Lewis Hong. All Rights Reserved. Re-distributed by Stanford University under license with the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ This dissertation is online at: http://purl.stanford.edu/jx191nt1141 ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Gregory Barsh, Primary Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Andrew Fire I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. David Kingsley I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Arend Sidow Approved for the Stanford University Committee on Graduate Studies. Patricia J. Gumport, Vice Provost Graduate Education This signature page was generated electronically upon submission of this dissertation in electronic format. An original signed hard copy of the signature page is on file in University Archives. -
Coat Color Testing Application
American Morgan Horse Association, Inc. 4037 Iron Works Parkway, Suite 130, Lexington, KY 40511-8508 COAT COLOR TESTING (802) 985-4944 • Fax: (859) 287-3555 [email protected] APPLICATION www.morganhorse.com COAT COLOR TESTING IS OPTIONAL. If the horse being tested tests positive for a specific coat color gene, that information can be recorded on the horse’s registration certificate (a $25 printing fee applies). Horse’s Name: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Registration Number: ____________________________________________________________________ AVAILABLE COAT COLOR TESTS FEES (check appropriate box) (See reverse for descriptions) Member Non-Member q Cream Dilution q Gray First Coat Color Test .............................................................................................. $40 o $125 o q Red Factor and Agouti q Splash Each additional Coat Color Test on same horse ................................................ $25 o $110 o RUSH FEE (charge per horse) ............................................................................$100 o $100 o q Sabino 1 q Dun *AMHA membership applications can be found at www.morganhorse.com or by contacting AMHA. q Silver q Dominant White Pattern Reissue certificate with coat color test results .................................................. $25 o $110 o (original certificate must be submitted) q Lethal White Overo I understand that upon receipt of this application and the -
Newcolorcharts2020.Pdf
1 Lesli Kathman Blackberry Lane Press First published in 2018 by Blackberry Lane Press 4700 Lone Tree Ct. Charlotte, NC 28269 blackberrylanepress.com © 2020 Blackberry Lane Press, LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Assessing Color and Breed In model horse competitions, the goal is to faithfully recreate the equestrian world in miniature. It is what exhibitors strive to do and what judges consider when evaluating a table of entries. One aspect of that evaluation is whether the color of the model is realistic. In order to assess this, a judge must be able to distinguish between visually similar (but often geneti- cally distinct) colors and patterns and determine whether or not the color depicted on the model is suitable for the breed the entrant has assigned. This task is complicated by the fact that many participants—who are at heart collectors as well as competitors—are attracted to pieces that are unique or unusual. So how does a judge determine which colors are legitimate for a particular breed and which are questionable or outright unrealistic? When it comes to the range of colors within each breed, there are three basic considerations. Breeds are limited by the genes present in the population (what is possible), by any restrictions placed by their registry (what is permissible), and by what is counted as a fault in breed competitions (what is penalized). -
Everything I Know About Champagne Colored Horses
Just About Everything You Need to Know About Champagne Colored Horses Carolyn Shepard A Brief History The champagne dilution appears to be a recent phenomenon. While we have seen pale skinned horses in centuries old paintings that “look” champagne, it is more likely they were double cream dilutes or cream-pearls. The champagne gene appears to be American, as we have not yet seen the color in the current Spanish or European breeds, the ancient breeds, such as Icelandic horses and Shetland ponies, or in any of the breeds of South America, Russia, India, China, or Arabia. So far, the champagne gene has only been isolated in breeds of American origin. These include the American Quarter Horse, American Paint Horse, American Appaloosa, American Saddlebred, American Cream Draft, Tennessee Walking Horse, Missouri Fox Trotter, Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse, American Miniature Horse, and crosses from these breeds. One only needs to review the names of these breeds to realize the gene has its foothold in North America. The champagne gene seems to have originated in full sized horses. We have no evidence to suggest the gene exists in any of the purebred pony breeds. The gene has been introduced into the Miniature Horse through down-sizing, and there are quite a few representatives in that breed. The first known and photographed champagne colored horse was Golden Lady, a Tennessee Walking Horse mare born in Tennessee in approximately 1910. Old Granny, an American Cream Draft horse was born in 1913, but there are no known photographs. The first photographed champagne American Saddlebred, Jonquil, was born in 1920. -
American Paint Horse Association and What It Can Offer You, Call (817) 834-2742, Extension 788
07CoatColorGenetics 12/14/07 6:51 PM Page A 07CoatColorGenetics 12/14/07 6:51 PM Page B Contents The Genetic Equation of Paint Horses . .IFC Tobiano . .1 Overo . .1 Tovero . .3 Breeding the Tobiano Paint . .4 Genes . .4 Understanding Simple Dominance . .4 Using the Punnett Square . .4 Understanding genes, simple dominance and the Punnett Square . .4 Breeding the Tobiano Paint . .5 Determining Tobiano Homozygosity . .5 Breeding the Overo Paint . .6 Breeding the Frame Overo . .6 Defining Minimal-White Frame Overo . .6 Breeding the Splashed White Overo . .6 Defining Minimal Splashed-White Overo . .6 Breeding the Sabino Overo . .7 Defining Minimal-White Sabino Overo . .7 Breeding the Tovero . .7 Coat Colors . .8 The Basic Rules of Coat Color Genetics . .9 Overo Lethal White Syndrome . .16 Lethal Whites—Fact Versus Fiction . .16 References . .17 Color Description Guide . .BC For more information on the American Paint Horse Association and what it can offer you, call (817) 834-2742, extension 788. Visit APHA’s official Web site at apha.com. The Genetic Equation of Paint Horses Paint Horses are unique from most other breeds because of their spotted coat patterns. Their base coats are the same colors as those of other breeds, but super- imposed over these colors are a variety of white spotting patterns. The three patterns recognized by APHA are tobiano, overo and tovero. The ability to recognize these patterns and under- stand the genetics behind them is essential for Paint Horse breeders. Being knowledgeable about coat pat- terns helps breeders and owners accurately describe their horses. Understanding the genetics that produce these patterns helps breeders increase the proportion of spotted horses in their foal crops. -
View Coat Color Chart
Coat Color Chart This Coat Color Chart is for people who are not (yet) familiar with all those colors a horse can have. This Chart is kept very simple and helps you to identify your horse’s color even if you see yourself confronted with Genetics for the first time. There are quite a few more colors than the ones shown in this Coat Color Chart. These are just the most common ones and should give you a quick overview. If you think your horse is not included in this Coat Color Chart, please don’t hesitate to contact us with any question you may have! Horses can also have two or more genes that modify the base color. The most common are combinations of Dun and Cream and only this combination is shown at the end of this Coat Color Chart. Phenotype is what you see. Genotype is the Genetics behind and refers to the options you have on www.allbreedgenetics.com to select a color for your horse. Genetics is a fairly new area and we are always here to help you! Please don’t hesitate to contact us at [email protected]. Pictures of the red roan and grey horse are provided by Zorsephotography. Picture of the black horse is provided by Götz Quarterhorses. The pictures of the gold champagne and the classic champagne are provided by Nicole Gloger. The rest of the pictures are provided by Rocking Wolf Ranch. Base Colors Phenotype: Genotype: Picture: Sorrel e/e Chestnut e/e Bay E/* A/* Black E/* a/a Cream Dilution (Single Cream – n/Cr) Often buckskins are mistaken for duns – and vice versa. -
Look Alike Colors 4.06 12/14/11 11:44 AM Page 64
Look Alike Colors 4.06 12/14/11 11:44 AM Page 64 Look-Alike By Laura Hornick Behning ColorsColors Robbi-Sue’s Cassanova (Equinox Brigham x Robbi-Sue Misalert), a brown buckskin stal- lion (registered as dun), owned by Laura Bunke. When the cream gene is present on a brown base, as it is in this horse, the result is a very dark buckskin that is often mistaken for a non-dilute. dentifying what color a horse is can sometimes be difficult. the Morgan breed, where we have so much of the sooty modifier IThere are many colors that look similar, although they are turning clear coats into a much darker version of their original color, caused by completely different genes. After seeing many examples color identification can be a challenging—and confusing—task. of equine color, the knowledgeable breeder will pick up clues to It is unusual, but occasionally palominos can look like flax- help them differentiate between these “look-alike colors.” en red chestnuts. Some examples in our breed include Mac’s Parentage can also play a part in the discovery process. Since Littlebritches (Mac’s Baby x Golden Judy), a 1989 palomino geld- all of the dilution genes and color modifiers (except flaxen) are ing owned by Cindy Cerrigione of Connecticut, and Northerly dominant, a horse must get its color gene from at least one parent. Llwellyn (Northerly Intrigue x Northerly Gifted), a palomino For example, a dun horse must always have a dun parent and a gray gelding owned by Colleen McNichol of Four Seasons Farm in horse must always have a gray parent; dilution genes and modifiers Minnesota. -
This Copy of the Thesis Has Been Supplied on Condition That Anyone Who Consults It
University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 04 University of Plymouth Research Theses 01 Research Theses Main Collection 2016 INVESTIGATING EVALUATOR BIAS WHEN ASSESSING POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE HORSES WITH RESPECT TO HORSE COAT COLOUR Fisker Hansen, Anna http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5320 Plymouth University All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. 1 2 INVESTIGATING EVALUATOR BIAS WHEN ASSESSING POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE HORSES WITH RESPECT TO HORSE COAT COLOUR by ANNA FISKER HANSEN A thesis submitted to Plymouth University in partial fulfilment for the degree of Research Masters Equitation Science School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Environment In collaboration with Duchy College January 2016 3 Abstract Investigating Evaluator Bias When Assessing Potential Performance Horses With Respect To Horse Coat Colour Anna Fisker Hansen Colour bias in judging has been suggested in a variety of subjectively judged sports, but has not previously been examined in equine performance evaluations. Potential performance evaluations, such as the British Breeding Futurity (BBF), can increase the momentary value of a horse, as status is given to horses with a premium evaluation record.