Diaries 1701-1770
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The Ocean in the Atlantic: British Experience and Imagination in an Imperial Sea, Ca
The Ocean in the Atlantic: British Experience and Imagination in an Imperial Sea, ca. 1600-1800 Heather Rose Weidner Chino Hills, California BA, Swarthmore College, 2000 MA, University of Virginia, 2002 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Virginia May, 2014 i Table of Contents Abstract ii Acknowledgements iii Abbreviations vi Images vii 1. Introduction: Maritime, Anxious, Godly, and Sociable 1 2. Sing a Song of Shipwrecks 28 3. Between Wind and Water 95 4. Wrecked 166 5. To Aid Poor Sailors 238 6. Conclusion: God speed the barge 303 Appendix 1 315 Appendix 2 322 Bibliography 323 ii Abstract For Britons in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, “the Atlantic” was not a field of study -- it was an ocean. In this dissertation I argue for an environmentally minded Atlantic history, one that is conscious of the ocean as both a cultural and a physical presence. The ocean shaped an early modern Atlantic vernacular that was at its essence maritime, godly, anxious and sociable. The ocean was a conduit to empire, so anything Britons imagined about the oceans, they imagined about their empire as well. Britons could never fully master their empire because they could never master the ocean; it was source of anxiety for even the wealthiest merchants. The fear of extremity – of wreck and ruin – kept those who crossed the ocean focused on the three most valuable Atlantic commodities: a sound reputation, accurate information, and the mercy of God. -
Artistic Geography and the Northern Jesuit Missions of New Spain
Artistic Geography and the Northern Jesuit Missions of New Spain By Clara Bargellini Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México [email protected] (working paper, not be reproduced without the author’s permission) George Kubler´s seminal thoughts on artistic geography came out of his involvement with the art and architecture of the Hispanic New World. This paper examines a group of 17th and 18th century Jesuit missions in northern Mexico in order to expand our understanding of New World artistic geography, and also to explore the history of some geographic notions and their place in art historical discussions. Whereas Kubler was concerned with the transmission of styles, my interest here will be the movement of specific objects and individuals within a particular historical configuration. This will involve, of course, considerations about patronage and institutions, with some references to iconography, all of which ultimately has implications for the transmission of styles, as Kubler would no doubt have recognized. The missions in question were established in the first half of the 17th century by the Jesuits in the northern Tepehuan and Southeastern Tarahumara region, and were held by the Society until its 1767 expulsion from New Spain. From their arrival in 1572 the Jesuits focused on ministry among the native population of New Spain. Almost at once they began missionary activity among the indigenous populations in places near Mexico City. By 1580 they were established at Tepotzotlán learning native languages. In 1589 the Jesuits were among the legendary chichimecas at San Luis de la Paz, and two years later they were in Sinaloa, where they established an extraordinary system of missions about which we now have only documents and very sparse remains. -
Britain, Austria, and the “Burden of War” in the Western Mediterranean, 1703–1708
international journal of military history and historiography 39 (2019) 7-33 IJMH brill.com/ijmh Britain, Austria, and the “Burden of War” in the Western Mediterranean, 1703–1708 Caleb Karges* Concordia University Irvine, California [email protected] Abstract The Austrian and British alliance in the Western Mediterranean from 1703 to 1708 is used as a case study in the problem of getting allies to cooperate at the strategic and operational levels of war. Differing grand strategies can lead to disagreements about strategic priorities and the value of possible operations. However, poor personal rela- tions can do more to wreck an alliance than differing opinions over strategy. While good personal relations can keep an alliance operating smoothly, it is often military necessity (and the threat of grand strategic failure) that forces important compro- mises. In the case of the Western Mediterranean, it was the urgent situation created by the Allied defeat at Almanza that forced the British and Austrians to create a work- able solution. Keywords War of the Spanish Succession – Coalition Warfare – Austria – Great Britain – Mediter- ranean – Spain – Strategy * Caleb Karges obtained his MLitt and PhD in Modern History from the University of St An- drews, United Kingdom in 2010 and 2015, respectively. His PhD thesis on the Anglo-Austrian alliance during the War of the Spanish Succession received the International Commission of Military History’s “André Corvisier Prize” in 2017. He is currently an Assistant Professor of History at Concordia University Irvine in Irvine, California, usa. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2019 | doi:10.1163/24683302-03901002Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 04:24:08PM via free access <UN> 8 Karges 1 Introduction1 There were few wars in European history before 1789 as large as the War of the Spanish Succession. -
The Idea of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective
Naval War College Review Volume 67 Article 6 Number 1 Winter 2014 The deI a of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective John B. Hattendorf Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Hattendorf, John B. (2014) "The deI a of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective," Naval War College Review: Vol. 67 : No. 1 , Article 6. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol67/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hattendorf: The Idea of a “Fleet in Being” in Historical Perspective THE IDEA OF a “FLEET IN BEING” IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE John B. Hattendorf he phrase “fleet in being” is one of those troublesome terms that naval his- torians and strategists have tended to use in a range of different meanings. TThe term first appeared in reference to the naval battle off Beachy Head in 1690, during the Nine Years’ War, as part of an excuse that Admiral Arthur Herbert, first Earl of Torrington, used to explain his reluctance to engage the French fleet in that battle. A later commentator pointed out that the thinking of several Brit- ish naval officers ninety years later during the War for American Independence, when the Royal Navy was in a similar situation of inferior strength, contributed an expansion to the fleet-in-being concept. -
Bibliography
BIBLIOGRAPHY I. PRIMARY SOURCES A. Unpublished 1. Government Archives British National Archives, Kew ADM 1 Admiralty: Correspondence and Papers ADM 116 Admiralty Record Offi ce: Cases ADM 167 Board of Admiralty: Minutes and Memoranda ADM 231 Admiralty: Foreign Intelligence Committee and Naval Intelligence Department: Naval Intelligence Reports CAB 37 Cabinet Offi ce: Photographic Copies of Cabinet Papers CAB 41 Cabinet Offi ce: Photographic Copies of Cabinet Letters in the Royal Archives HO 73 Home Offi ce: Various Commissions: Reports and Correspondence United States National Archives, Washington D.C. RG 19 Records of the Bureau of Construction and Repair RG 38 Records of the Bureau of Personnel (formerly the Bureau of Navigation) RG 45 Records of the Offi ce of the Secretary of the Navy RG 233 Records of the House of Representatives 2. Private Correspondence and Papers British National Maritime Museum, Greenwich Bridge, Cyprian Arthur George Fisher, John Arbuthnot Hornby, Geoffrey Thomas Phipps Laughton, John Knox Milne, Alexander © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 299 R. Mullins, J. Beeler, The Transformation of British and American Naval Policy in the Pre-Dreadnought Era, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32037-3 300 BIBLIOGRAPHY Library of Congress, Naval Historical Foundation Collection Luce, Stephen Bleecker Mahan, Alfred Thayer Porter, David Dixon Sicard, Montgomery Walker, John Grimes Library of Congress, Manuscripts Division Collection Aldrich, Nelson Chandler, William Eaton Tracy, Benjamin Franklin Whitney, William Collins B. Published Aston, George. Memories of a Marine: An Amphibiography . London: John Murray, 1919. _________. Secret Service . London: Faber and Faber, 1930. Belknap, Charles. “The Naval Policy of the United States,” US Naval Institute Proceedings [hereafter USNIP ], vol. -
1892-1929 General
HEADING RELATED YEAR EVENT VOL PAGE ABOUKIR BAY Details of HM connections 1928/112 112 ABOUKIR BAY Action of 12th March Vol 1/112 112 ABUKLEA AND ABUKRU RM with Guards Camel Regiment Vol 1/73 73 ACCIDENTS Marine killed by falling on bayonet, Chatham, 1860 1911/141 141 RMB1 marker killed by Volunteer on Plumstead ACCIDENTS Common, 1861 191286, 107 85, 107 ACCIDENTS Flying, Captain RISK, RMLI 1913/91 91 ACCIDENTS Stokes Mortar Bomb Explosion, Deal, 1918 1918/98 98 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Death of Major Oldfield Vol 1/111 111 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Turkish Medal awarded to C/Sgt W Healey 1901/122 122 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Ball at Plymouth in 1804 to commemorate 1905/126 126 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Death of a Veteran 1907/83 83 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Correspondence 1928/119 119 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Correspondence 1929/177 177 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) 1930/336 336 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) Syllabus for Examination, RMLI, 1893 Vol 1/193 193 ACRE, SORTIE FROM (1799) of Auxiliary forces to be Captains with more than 3 years Vol 3/73 73 ACTON, MIDDLESEX Ex RM as Mayor, 1923 1923/178 178 ADEN HMS Effingham in 1927 1928/32 32 See also COMMANDANT GENERAL AND GENERAL ADJUTANT GENERAL OFFICER COMMANDING of the Channel Fleet, 1800 1905/87 87 ADJUTANT GENERAL Change of title from DAGRM to ACRM, 1914 1914/33 33 ADJUTANT GENERAL Appointment of Brigadier General Mercer, 1916 1916/77 77 ADJUTANTS "An Unbroken Line" - eight RMA Adjutants, 1914 1914/60, 61 60, 61 ADMIRAL'S REGIMENT First Colonels - Correspondence from Lt. -
On Rocks and Hard Places
On Rocks And Hard Places Transforming Borders and Identities in Pre-Brexit Gibraltar Fabian Berends 4069331 Utrecht University 2nd of August 2019 A thesis submitted to the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Conflict Studies and Human Rights Supervisor: Dr. Ralph W.F.G. Sprenkels Date of Submission: 2nd of August 2019 Program Trajectory: Research and Thesis Writing only (30 ECTS) Word Count: 28896 Cover Photo: The Gibraltar-Spain border from the Spanish side. Source: author. Declaration of Originality/Plagiarism Declaration MA Thesis in Conflict Studies & Human Rights Utrecht University (course module GKMV 16028) I hereby declare: • that the content of this submission is entirely my own work, except for quotations from published and unpublished sources. These are clearly indicated and acknowledged as such, with a reference to their sources provided in the thesis text, and a full reference provided in the bibliography; • that the sources of all paraphrased texts, pictures, maps, or other illustrations not resulting from my own experimentation, observation, or data collection have been correctly referenced in the thesis, and in the bibliography; • that this Master of Arts thesis in Conflict Studies & Human Rights does not contain material from unreferenced external sources (including the work of other students, academic personnel, or professional agencies); • that this thesis, in whole or in part, has never been submitted elsewhere for academic credit; • that I have read and understood Utrecht University’s definition of plagiarism, as stated on the University’s information website on “Fraud and Plagiarism”: “Plagiarism is the appropriation of another author’s works, thoughts, or ideas and the representation of such as one’s own work.” (Emphasis added.)1 Similarly, the University of Cambridge defines “plagiarism” as “ … submitting as one's own work, irrespective of intent to deceive, that which derives in part or in its entirety from the work of others without due acknowledgement. -
The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity
Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship 2011 The Jewish impact on the social and economic manifestation of the Gibraltarian identity Andrea Hernandez Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the Archival Science Commons Recommended Citation Hernandez, Andrea, "The Jewish impact on the social and economic manifestation of the Gibraltarian identity" (2011). WWU Graduate School Collection. 200. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/200 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity. By Andrea Hernandez Accepted in Partial Completion Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Moheb A. Ghali, Dean of the Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Helfgott Dr. Mariz Dr. Jimerson The Jewish Impact on the Social and Economic Manifestation of the Gibraltarian Identity. By Andrea Hernandez Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Moheb A. Ghali, Dean of the Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Helfgott Dr. Mariz Dr. Jimerson MASTER’S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non‐exclusive royalty‐free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU. -
A Passionate Pacification: Sacrifice and Suffering in the Jesuit Missions of Northwestern New Spain, 1594 - 1767
A Passionate Pacification: Sacrifice and Suffering in the Jesuit Missions of Northwestern New Spain, 1594 - 1767 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Bayne, Brandon Lynn. 2012. A Passionate Pacification: Sacrifice and Suffering in the Jesuit Missions of Northwestern New Spain, 1594 - 1767. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard Divinity School. Citable link https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37367448 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA A Passionate Pacification: Sacrifice and Suffering in the Jesuit Missions of Northwestern New Spain, 1594 – 1767 A dissertation presented by Brandon L. Bayne to The Faculty of Harvard Divinity School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Theology in the subject of History of Christianity Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2012 © 2012 – Bayne, Brandon All rights reserved. iv Advisor: David D. Hall Author: Brandon L. Bayne ABSTRACT A Passionate Pacification: Sacrifice and Suffering in the Jesuit Missions of Northwestern New Spain, 1594 – 1767 This dissertation tracks Jesuit discourse about suffering in the missions of Northern New Spain from the arrival of the first missionaries in the 16th century until their expulsion in the 18th. The project asks why tales of persecution became so prevalent in these borderland contexts and describes how missionaries sanctified their own sacrifices as well as native suffering through martyrological idioms. -
Abstract JULIAN CORBETT and the DEVELOPMENT of a MARITIME
Abstract JULIAN CORBETT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MARITIME STRATEGY by SAMUEL E. ROGERS NOVEMBER, 2018 Director: DR. WADE G. DUDLEY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Sir Julian Corbett (1854-1922) is one of the two most influential theorists of sea power. He defined maritime operations, limited war, and our understanding of the “British Way of War,” while also foreshadowing the Great War at Sea. Corbett’s lasting theoretical contributions to strategic thought are captured in Some Principles of Maritime Strategy (1911). It remains a centerpiece of military and international relations theory and continues to be studied in professional military education alongside Thucydides, Sun Tzu, Antoine-Henri Jomini, Carl von Clausewitz, and Alfred Thayer Mahan. Corbett’s influential theories were shaped by multiple influences, including Mahan, Corbett’s own study of British sea power, his reading and understanding of Clausewitz’s On War, and Admiral John Fisher’s naval revolution at the turn of the twentieth century. While Mahan linked sea power with national power, Corbett illuminated this relationship and displayed a keen understanding, developed through his own historical study, of the limits of sea power, and war more broadly, as an instrument of national policy. His influential theory on the role of sea power in the geopolitical context of the European balance of power at the turn of the twentieth century is a clear reflection of Britain’s rapidly changing strategic environment and the equally rapid changes in military technology. Heavily influenced by Admiral Fisher, Corbett, building on the work of Mahan and military theorist Carl von Clausewitz, defined maritime strategy, limited war, command of the sea, and, at the height of the British Empire, laid the ground work for understanding a “British way of war.” Corbett was first and foremost a historian and a professional military educator. -
How Slaves Used Northern Seaports' Maritime Industry to Escape And
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Faculty Research & Creative Activity History May 2008 Ports of Slavery, Ports of Freedom: How Slaves Used Northern Seaports’ Maritime Industry To Escape and Create Trans-Atlantic Identities, 1713-1783 Charles Foy Eastern Illinois University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/history_fac Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Foy, Charles, "Ports of Slavery, Ports of Freedom: How Slaves Used Northern Seaports’ Maritime Industry To Escape and Create Trans-Atlantic Identities, 1713-1783" (2008). Faculty Research & Creative Activity. 7. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/history_fac/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Research & Creative Activity by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Charles R. Foy 2008 All rights reserved PORTS OF SLAVERY, PORTS OF FREEDOM: HOW SLAVES USED NORTHERN SEAPORTS’ MARITIME INDUSTRY TO ESCAPE AND CREATE TRANS-ATLANTIC IDENTITIES, 1713-1783 By Charles R. Foy A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History written under the direction of Dr. Jan Ellen Lewis and approved by ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey May, 2008 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION PORTS OF SLAVERY, PORTS OF FREEDOM: HOW SLAVES USED NORTHERN SEAPORTS’ MARITIME INDUSTRY TO ESCAPE AND CREATE TRANS-ATLANTIC IDENTIES, 1713-1783 By Charles R. Foy This dissertAtion exAmines and reconstructs the lives of fugitive slAves who used the mAritime industries in New York, PhilAdelphiA and Newport to achieve freedom. -
What Is a Maritime Strategy?
Sea Power Centre - Australia October 2013 SOUNDINGS No. 1 What is a Maritime Strategy? John B Hattendorf SOUNDINGS Executive Summary This discussion articulates the complexity of developing a maritime strategy. Navies are an important aspect of the strategic maritime environment but they remain only one element of a nation’s strategy in the maritime domain. The article begins by briefly tracing the history of maritime strategy, which sheds light on its evolving characteristics. Following is a discourse on contemporary naval strategy. Emanating from the ‘Anglo-American’ and ‘Young’ schools of thought the debate encompassed the ideas of military strategists such as Clausewitz and Jomini. This not only laid the foundation for modern maritime strategy but also led to the identification of sea control as a priority military task within a nation’s maritime strategy. Control must be established before it can be exploited, and a nation’s military capacity will dictate the navy’s ability to exert force not just during wartime, but also its ability to deploy influence in peacetime. About the Author John B Hattendorf has been the Ernest J King Professor of Maritime History at the US Naval War College since 1984. He is the author or editor of more than forty volumes, including Naval History and Maritime Strategy (2000), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History (2007), The Evolution of the U.S. Navy’s Maritime Strategy, 1977-1987 (2004), the three-volume series on U.S. Naval Strategy: Selected Documents (2006-2008), and Talking about Naval History (2011). What is a Maritime Strategy? John B Hattendorf What is a maritime strategy?[1] The question is a simple and direct one, but the answer is complex.