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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 455 756 IR 020 712 AUTHOR Crawford, Margaret, Ed.; Simonson, Michael, Ed. TITLE Annual Proceedings of Selected Research and Development Papers Presented at the National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (23rd, Denver, Colorado, October 25-28, 2000) .Volumes 1-2. INSTITUTION Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Bloomington, IN. PUB DATE 2000-10-00 NOTE 845p.; For individual papers, see IR 020 713-783. For the 22nd (2000) proceedings, see ED 444 595. Sponsored by the AECT Research and Theory Division. Volume 2 also edited by Maria Luisa Arias-Ferrero. PUB TYPE Collected Works Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF05/PC34 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Access to Education; *Computer Assisted Instruction; *Computer Mediated Communication; Computer Software Development; Computer System Design; Constructivism (Learning); Curriculum Development; Distance Education; Educational Development; Educational Research;, *Educational Technology; Elementary Secondary Education; Faculty Development; Group Activities; Higher Education; Instructional Design; Instructional Development; Internet; Multimedia Materials; Teaching Methods IDENTIFIERS Technology Integration ABSTRACT This document presents the proceedings of the 23rd annual National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT)(Denver, Colorado, 2000). For the first time, the Proceedings are published in two volumes. The first volume contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with instruction and training issues are contained in the second volume, which includes over 60 papers. Both volumes are included in this document. Papers in this document represent some of the most current thinking in educational communications and technology, at all levels of education. Topics include: educational research; multimedia instruction; technology integration; cooperative learning; distance learning; teaching models and methods; instructional design; academic achievement and student motivation; technology-based educational change; learner feedback; faculty development; computer-assisted instruction; gender role; constructivism; assistive technology; mentoring; problem-based learning; partnerships in education; the Big Six Skills; online systems in education; needs assessment; communities of learners; digitization; sound and graphics in computer-based instruction; interactive video; disability access to education; human performance technology; curriculum development; resource centers; privacy; Web page design; computer software development; and virtual libraries. (AEF) Annual Proceedings of Selected Research and Development Papers Presented at the National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (23rd, Denver, Colorado, October 25-28, 2000). Volumes 1-2 Margaret Crawford and Michael Simonson, Editors U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS CENTER (ERIC) BEEN GRANTED BY Xr. This document has been reproducedas received from the person or organization originating it. M. Simonson Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 1 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 2000 Annual Proceedings- Denver: Volume #1 of Selected Research and Develcpment Papers Presented at The National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology Sponsored by the Research and Theory Division Denver, CO 2000 Editors Margaret Crawford Media Specialist Mason City Public Schools Mason City, IA And Michael Simonson Professor Instructional Technology and Distance Education Nova Southeastern University Fischler Graduate School of Education and Human Services North Miami Beach, FL 3 Previous Proceedings Published in ERIC Year Location ED Number 1979 New Orleans 171329 1980 Denver 194061 1981 Philadelphia 207487 1982 Dallas 223191 - 223326 1983 New Orleans 231337 1984 Dallas 243411 1985 Anaheim 256301 1986 Las Vegas 267753 1987 Atlanta 285518 1988 New Orleans 295621 1989 Dallas 308805 1990 Anaheim 323912 1991 Orlando 334969 1992 Washington, D.C. 347970 - 348041 1993 New Orleans 362144 1994 Nashville 373774 1995 Anaheim 383284 1996 Indianapolis 397772 1997 Albuquerque 409832 1998 St. Louis 423819 1999 Houston 1038227 2000 Long Beach 1060630 4 Preface For the twenty-third year, the Research and Theory Division of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of the Proceedings. Papers published in this volume were presented at the National AECT Convention in Denver, CO. A limited quantity of these Proceedings were printed and sold in both hardcopy and electronic versions. It is also available on microfiche through the Educational Resources Clearinghouse (ERIC) system. For the first time, the Proceedings of the AECT's Convention are published in two volumes. Volume #1 contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with instruction and training issues are contained in volume #2, which also contains over 60 papers. REFEREEING PROCESS: Papers selected for presentation at the AECT Convention and included in these Proceedings were subjected to a reviewing process. All references to authorship were removed from proposals before they were submitted to referees for review. Approximately fifty percent of the manuscripts submitted for consideration were selected for presentation at the convention and for publication in these Proceedings. The papers contained in this document represent some of the most current thinking in educational communications and technology. M. R. Simonson Editor Table of Contents Exploring Qualitative Methodologies in Online Learning Environments Mary Beth Bianco and Alison A. Carr-Chellman 1 A Model for the Efficacious Use of Sound in Multimedia Instruction Mary Jean Bishop and Ward Mitchell Cates 8 Preparing Teachers To Integrate Technology Using Constructionist Methodology: Don't Teach Me How I Know I Should Teach; Teach Me How I Want To Be Taught J. M. Blocher, L. Sujo de Montes, G. Tucker and E.M. Willis 19 Effects of Small Group Practice on Achievement and Continuing Motivation of Adult Re- Entry Students Susan A. Brewer and James D. Klein 26 Hypermedia-Based Problem Based Learning in the Upper Elementary Grades: A Developmental Study Jonathan D. Brinkerhoff and Krista Glazewski 30 Challenges Faced by Institutions of Higher Education in Migrating to Distance Learning Stephen L. Broskoske and Francis A. Harvey 37 Using Technology to Enhance Understanding of Leadership Tricia Browne-Ferrigno, Rodney Muth, and Cynthia Choi 43 How To Develop Cognitive Flexibility In a WWW Course Ana Amelia Amorim Carvalho 53 Learning Science Concepts at a Distance in Preservice Teacher Education: Results of a Pilot Study Christina Wotell Charnitski and Francis A. Harvey 61 Formative Research on the Refinement of Web-based Instructional Instructional Design and Development Guidance Systems for Teaching Music Fundamentals Wen-Hao Chuang 67 Concept Learning Through Image Processing Lauren Cifuentes and Yi-Chuan Jane Hsieh 76 A Connectionist Model of Instructional Feedback Effects Roy B. Clariana 83 The Effect of Field Dependence and Color-Coding on Female Student Achievement of Different Educational Objectives Francis M. Dwyer 92 Journeys of Learning: Policies to Promote Change With Technology in Educational Organizations Dan Eastmond and Gloria Steele 97 Uses of the World-Wide Web by Adolescents in Public Schools Samuel E. Ebersole 102 Responsive Instructional Design Peggy A. Ertmer 115 Assessing Adaptive Instructional Design Tools and Methods in ADAPTIT Deniz Eseryel and J. Michael Spector 121 Evaluating Distance Learning: Feedback from "Distressed" Students Christopher Essex and Kursat Cagiltay 130 Win-win: Students Using Instructional Design Skills to Teach Faculty to Integrate Technology in Teacher Education Catherine P. Fulford and Ariana Eichelberger 135 6 A Comparison of Collaborative Learning and Audience Awareness in Two Computer- Mediated Writing Environments Barbara Gaddis, Harriet Napierkowski, Nadyne Guzman, and Rodney Muth 140 Conceptual Change in Chemistry Through Collaboration at the Computer Barbara Gaddis and David Anderson 148 What and How Do Designers Design? A Theory of Design Structure Andrew S. Gibbons 155 Teaching and Learning Strategies for Complex Thinking Skills Lucy A. Goodson 164 Social Desirability Responding on World Wide Web and Paper-Administered Surveys Dawson R. Hancock and Claudia P. Flowers 173 Student Perceptions: Printing Activities' Influence On Satisfaction with Web-Based Instruction Karen Kaminski and Landra L. Rezebek 180 The Relationship Between the Types of Resources Used in Science Classrooms and Middle School Students' Interests in Science Careers: An Exploratory Analysis Tiffany A. Koszalka 190 Action Research on Training Students to Be Independent Learners Amy S. C. Leh 199 Gender Differences in Learning Strategies within Asynchronous, Open, Text-based and Learning Task-Oriented Cyberspace In-Sook Lee 203 Fostering Design Culture Through Cultivating the User-Designers' Design Thinking and Systems Thinking Li, Ming-fen 209 Rapid Application Development of a Self-Paced Pre-Service Teacher Technology