DOCSLIB.ORG

Inventarisasi Plasma Nutfah Serealia Lahan Kering Di Sekitar Kawasan Taman Nasional Kelimutu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Inventarisasi Plasma Nutfah Serealia Lahan Kering Di Sekitar Kawasan Taman Nasional Kelimutu AGRICA, 4 (1) : 55-68 (2011) ©Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Flores ISSN : 1979-0368 Ende NTT - Indonesia INVENTARISASI PLASMA NUTFAH SEREALIA LAHAN KERING DI SEKITAR KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KELIMUTU Sri Wahyuni1, Murdaningsih2 Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Flores [email protected] ABSTRACT The goal of this research was to identify the dryland cereal crop seed plasma types growing around Kelimutu National Park, located in Ende district on the island of Flores in Indonesia, by observing crop morphology and cultivation techniques. Cereal crops represent the largest source of carbohydrates in the regional diet in comparison to other food groups in this area where dry land makes up 80% of the total available land. It it is estimated that the Ende district of Flores has adequate potential to produce dryland cereal as a staple food crop. Previous studies have shown that farmer preference is shifting towards cultivation of crops with a higher economic value which threatens the existence of some cereal crops. Concurrently, shifts in eating habits have made rice a staple food in this region, leading to increased consumption and threatening the existence of other cereal crops. Furtherore, outsiders tend to think of areas like Flores as being impoverished, with frequent problems with food security. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge within the youth population about the types of foods, especially cereals, which are rich in nutrients and their use in rituals. This research aims to address this gap by collecting information on cereal crops in and around Kelimutu National Park for dissemination through educational and cultural tours. This study was conducted in the eastern subdistrict of Ndona, Flores and Wolojita Detusoko between June and December 2011. Study findings identified 5 main cereal crops: paddy fields (consisting of: Are Rumba, Are Sela, Are Obo, Are Laka, Amera, Eko Ndale, Kea Ria, Are Mera, Are Kea Mboa, Eko Ena), corn (consisting of: Java Roga, Nggela Java, Java, Keo Ri’a), sorghum (consisting of: mera Lolo, Lolo Mite and Lolo Telo Leko), barley (consisting of: Mera and Wete Wete Bara) and millet (consisting of: Ke’o Mite and Ke’o). Of the five types of cereal crops identified, one type (Pega, a subspecies of barley with a sorghum-like panicle) is not found in four of the districts. It was found that corn, classified as a native plant, is strengthened through cultivation by re-seeding. Study results illustrated that corn in this area is of reduced genetic quality, as illustrated by the fact that 3-4 cobs did not develop. Alternatively, the Ke’o Bara strain of barley has a morphology and panicle strand number (270-300) that suggest that this species is typical of this region. Key Words: Agricultural inventory, Seed plasma, cereals, dryland agriculture PENDAHULUAN utuh atau bagian dari organisme, sifat tersebut dapat diturunkan melalui Plasma nutfah adalah substansi kegiatan pemuliaan dengan tujuan pembawa sifat keturunan berupa organ mendapatkan jenis baru yang lebih Sri Wahyuni : inventarisasi plasma nutfah serealia lahan kering unggul (www.wikipediaindonesia.com, jenis padi ladang. Menurut hasil 2010). Plasma nutfah merupakan wawancara, kedua jenis tanaman kekayaan alam yang sangat berharga tersebut sudah jarang dibudidayakan bagi kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan oleh petani karena cita rasanya kurang teknologi untuk mendukung disukai, namun demikian kedua jenis pembangunan nasional suatu negara. padi ladang tersebut memiliki Terdapat sedikitnya 3.670 jenis pangan keunggulan berupa tahan terhadap yang ada di dunia dan menjadi bahan serangan hama dan penyakit serta pangan pokok dan pakan ternak memiliki perawakan yang relatif pendek (www.hayati.com, 2010). dan memiliki jumlah bulir serta anakan Serealia merupakan salah satu yang banyak. jenis tanaman pangan yang paling Potensi wilayah Kabupaten banyak dikonsumsi atau menjadi bahan Ende yang meliputi beberapa aspek pangan pokok di dunia. Serealia topografi, sosial dan budaya sangatlah merupakan sekelompok tanaman mendukung dikembangkannya kembali pangan yang ditanam untuk dipanen plasma nutfah tanaman serealia yang bijinya/bulirnya, berfungsi sebagai ada. Topografi yang relatif berlereng sumber karbohidrat/pati sehingga curam dengan curah hujan terbatas dan memiliki arti penting bagi kehidupan lapisan olah tanah yang tipis masyarakat dan sumber makanan membutuhkan jenis – jenis tanaman pokok. (www.wikipedia.com, 2010). yang resisten atau tahan pada kondisi Di Indonesia, persebaran tanaman tersebut dan beberapa jenis serealia serealia merata di setiap propinsi lokal telah terbukti dapat beradaptasi dengan ciri khas tertentu sesuai dengan dengan baik. Hal tersebut sangat jenis dan varietasnya. Namun demikian, menguntungkan sebab tanaman – kebanyakan merupakan jenis padi – tanaman yang mampu hidup pada padian yang dibudidayakan pada lahan kondisi yang terbatas memiliki peluang basah. besar untuk dapat terus dipertahankan. Terdapat sedikitnya 59 jenis Kabupaten Ende memiliki pangan di Kabupaten Ende yang terdiri topografi berupa bukit dan gunung. dari 39 jenis serealia (padi, jagung, Ketinggian di bawah 550 mdpl sebesar shorgum, jewawut, jali) dan sisanya 79.4 % dari luas wilayah, sisanya di atas adalah umbi – umbian dan pisang yang 550 mdpl. Curah hujan pertahun rata- biasa dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat rata 918, 275 mm/thn. Jumlah hari sebagai pengganti nasi atau dicampur hujan pertahun rata-rata 76,75-126 hari. dengan bahan makanan pokok lainnya Bulan basah dari November hingga (Stephanus Djawanai dkk, 2010). Hal Maret dan bulan kering dari April tersebut menandakan bahwa hingga Oktober. Suhu harian rata-rata sesungguhnya Flores khususnya adalah 26˚C - 32˚C. Jika dilihat dari Kabupaten Ende memiliki sumber keadaan ekotipe di atas maka plasma nutfah tanaman serealia yang sesungguhnya tanaman serealia lahan cukup sebagai sumber bahan pangan. kering sangat cocok untuk Namun demikian menurut hasil survei dibudidayakan secara intensif sebagai yang dilakukan oleh Stephanus sumber makanan pokok masyarakat. Djawanai dkk (2010) memperlihatkan Data distribusi persentase kegiatan bahwa terdapat beberapa jenis tanaman ekonomi tahun 2001 menunjukkan serealia yang terancam punah seperti bahwa sektor pertanian memberikan Liku dan Balabewa keduanya adalah kontribusi terbesar, yakni sebanyak 55 56 Sri Wahyuni : inventarisasi plasma nutfah serealia lahan kering 32,97 persen (Tim Litbang, 2003:546). langkah awal perlu dilakukan Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pertanian inventarisasi plasma nutfah serealia merupakan aset yang besar bagi secara detail meliputi persebaran, Kabupaten Ende sehingga kajian – Indeks Nilai Penting, morfologi dan kajian yang menunjang pengembangan budidaya tanaman yang telah dilakukan sektor pertanian perlu dilakukan serta pola pikir dan perilaku masyarakat terutama yang berkaitan dengan (budaya) yang berkenaan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan pengembangan tanaman serealia di masyarakat. Kabupaten Ende. Kabupaten Ende memiliki luas Daerah – daeah yang berbatasan wilayah lahan kering sekitar 80% dari dengan Taman Nasional Kelimutu akan luas keseluruhan sehingga komoditi dijadikan lokasi pengamatan dan pangan yang dianggap cocok untuk sentrum kegiatan ke depan karena di dikembangkan dan telah dilakukan oleh wilayah tersebut terdapat Taman masyarakat adalah padi gogo/ladang, Nasional Kelimutu dengan fasilitas jagung, shorgum, jewawut dan jali. berupa rumah spesimen floresiensis, Dari hasil survei yang dilakukan oleh laboratorium dan BTNK merupakan Stephanus Djawanai dkk (2010) fasilitator bagi pengembangan daerah ditemukan 7 jenis padi ladang, 6 jenis Agroekotourism di desa Pemo. Hal – jagung, shorgum, jewawut dan hal tersebut di atas merupakan konten – kemungkinan besar masih ditemukan konten yang akan mendukung kegiatan jenis – jenis serealia lain yang biasa kepariwisataan baik itu berupa : wisata digunakan oleh masyarakat setempat alam, pertanian, budaya, pendidikan sebagai bahan makanan atau pencampur maupun kuliner (makanan tradisional) bahan makanan. Dari hasil wawancara sehingga Kelimutu benar – benar dengan masyarakat setempat diketahui menjadi pusat pariwisata bagi bahwa ada 2 jenis padi ladang dan 1 Kabupaten Ende. Oleh sebab itu jenis jagung yang terancam punah di penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : Kecamatan Nangapenda. Namun mengidentifikasi jenis plasma nutfah demikian, masih belum ada informasi tanaman serealia lahan kering yang ada yang akurat tentang keragaman jenis di daerah sekitar kawasan Taman berdasarkan morfologi dan persebaran Nasional Kelimutu ditinjau dari secara geografi untuk setiap jenis morfologi tanaman, topografi, status serealia yang ada. ekologi tanaman, dan teknik budidaya. Dalam rangka menjawab kebutuhan pangan masyarakat yang BAHAN DAN METODE telah mengalami pergeseran pola pikir tentang “pangan” yang biasa diartikan Tempat eksplorasi dan oleh masyarakat umum sebagai “beras” pengumpulan benih plasma nutfah dan melihat potensi wilayah serta serealia adalah Kecamatan Detusoko, sumber plasma nutfah serealia di Kelimutu, Ndona Timur dan Wolojita. Kabupaten Ende maka perlu dilakukan Kegiatan identifikasi dilakukan di suatu pengkajian lengkap mengenai Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Flores. plasma nutfah serealia khas lahan Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian adalah kering. Untuk mendukung kegiatan bulan Juni – Desember tahun 2011. tersebut maka diperlukan juga fasilitas Eksplorasi atau pencarian pendukung dan kerjasama yang baik plasma nutfah tanaman serealia dari berbagai pihak terkait. Sebagai dilakukan dengan
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia
    N A S N I O A N M A A L T B N E T U U I H N G K E R Feasibility Study on Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia Feasibility Study on Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia ISBN 978-602-0858-02-9 9 7 8 6 0 2 0 8 5 8 0 2 9 ITTO PD 617/11 Rev.4 (F) Promoting Biodiversity Conservation in Betung Kerihun National Park (BKNP) as a Transboundary Ecosystem between Indonesia and state of Sarawak, Malaysia (Phase III) N A S N I O A N M A A L T B N E T U U I H N G K E R Feasibility Study on Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia March 2015 ITTO PD 617/11 Rev.4 (F) Promoting Biodiversity Conservation in Betung Kerihun National Park (BKNP) as a Transboundary Ecosystem between Indonesia and state of Sarawak, Malaysia (Phase III) N A S N I O A N M A A L T B N E T U U I H N G K E R Feasibility Study on Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia March 2015 ITTO PD 617/11 Rev.4 (F) Promoting Biodiversity Conservation in Betung Kerihun National Park (BKNP) as a Transboundary Ecosystem between Indonesia and state of Sarawak, Malaysia (Phase III) Feasibility Study on Village Ecotourism Development at Tekelan, Betung Kerihun National Park - Indonesia Author: Soehartini Sekartjakrarini Ersto Bernanto Ben Kristian Citto Laksana Muhammad Wahyudi Editor: Yani Septiani Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenge Your Adrenaline by Taking One of These Volcano Indonesia Tours
    Challenge Your Adrenaline by Taking One of These Volcano Indonesia Tours As an archipelago, Indonesia lays on the meeting of several tectonic plates. Geologically, it is the reason why Indonesia has many volcanoes stretched from the West to the East. Though it sounds worrying to remember how dangerous a volcano can be, the area can be the perfect place to explore instead. Volcanoes are known for its fertile land and scenic view. Apparently, volcano Indonesia tour can be found across the country and below are six of the best destinations. 1. Mount Rinjani, Lombok Lombok Island on the Eastern Indonesia has the magnificent Mount Rinjani and its craters. This active volcano has three craters from its past eruption called the Kelimutu Lake. Mount Rinjani is the second highest volcano in Indonesia after Mount Kerinci in Sumatera. The lake has a magical view because each crater has different colors throughout the day. From afar, each of the craters would be seen to have green, blue, and red color. The local people have their own legend of the color of the craters. However, the color change might potentially be the result of the change in oxidation and reduction of the fluid in the craters. It may take around two days and one night to climb the mountain seriously and professionally. However, there are Indonesia tour packages that will offer an easier hiking option for beginners. 2. Mount Batur, Bali Mount Batur in Bali might be the easiest volcano to climb in the Indonesia tour list. In just less than three hours, you can get to the top of this active volcano.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
    Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Hazard and Risk Assessment Kabupaten Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur
    Geological Hazard and Risk Assessment Kabupaten Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur Departemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Ministry for Energy and Mineral Resources Badan Geologi Geological Agency Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung 40122 This document is produced under the auspices of the German-Indonesian Technical Cooperation on 'Mitigation of Georisks' between the Geological Agency of Indonesia under the Ministry for Energy and Mineral Resources (DESDM) and the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR). First published in 2009 Reprinted 2012 The project is jointly implemented with the German-IndonesianTechnical Cooperation project 'Good Local Governance' of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) and the Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA). All rights reserved ISBN 978-602-9105-19-3 Also available in Indonesian: ISBN 978-602-9105-18-6 Contributors Contact / Hubungi Dr. Djadjang Sukarna Sekretariat Badan Geologi, Dr. Ir. Djadjang Sukarna Secretariat of Geological Project Coordinator - Secretariat Badan Geologi Agency Tel: +62 22 720 6515 Fax: +62 22 721 8154 Dr. A.D. Wirakusumah, Dipl. Seis. Badan Geologi, Ir. Asdani Suhaemi, Dipl.-Seis. Pusat Survei Geologi Dr. Ir. A. Djumarma Wirakusumah, Dipl. Seis. Center for Geological Survey Sukahar Eka A. Saputra Project Coordinator - Pusat Survei Geologi A. Santoso Tel: +62 22 727 2601 Kamawan Fax: +62 22 720 2669 Yayan Sopian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources R. Setianegara Badan Geologi (Geological Agency) Jl. Diponegoro No 57, Bandung 40122, Indonesia Ir. Igan S. Sutawidjaja Badan Geologi, http://www.bgl.esdm.go.id/ Dr. Ir. Rosgandika Mulyana Pusat Volcanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi Rudy D. Hadisantono Center for Volcanology and Yukni Arifianti Geological Hazards Mitigation Yuanara D.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Properties of the Eastern Toposequence of Mount Kelimutu, Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara and Their Potential for Agricultural Use
    IndonesianSoil properties Journal of the of eastern Agricultural toposequence Science of4(1) Mount 2003: Kelimutu 1-11 1 SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE EASTERN TOPOSEQUENCE OF MOUNT KELIMUTU, FLORES ISLAND, EAST NUSA TENGGARA AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR AGRICULTURAL USE Hikmatullah, H. Subagyo, and B.H. Prasetyo Indonesian Center for Soil and Agroclimate Research and Development Jalan Ir. H. Juanda No. 98, Bogor 16123, Indonesia ABSTRACT 15,000 ha. Its caldera has three-colored lakes, i.e., dark red, green, and bluish colors. The color always changes Kelimutu stratovolcano is one of the young volcanoes exten- with season, making it an interesting tourism site. To sively found in Flores island. Studies on volcanic soil properties date, studies on soil properties and their suitability and their suitability for agricultural development in the whole for supporting agricultural development of the whole island are lacking. The research was conducted to evaluate the relationship of elevation and soil properties, and suitability for island are lacking. agricultural development. Five representative pedons at eleva- Soils of the Kelimutu were developed from andesitic tion of 550, 1,000, 1,200, 1,400, and 1,600 m above sea level volcanic rocks, and dominantly grouped into Andi- (asl), respectively, were studied in the field, and 22 soil samples sols, Mollisols, and Inceptisols (Hikmatullah et al. were analyzed in the laboratory. The results indicated that 1997). According to Suwarna et al. (1990), Kelimutu elevation significantly affected soil properties and degree of volcano had been erupting and collapsing, as shown soil weathering. With decreasing elevation, sand content, amorphous material content, and phosphate retention de- by the formation of three-lake calderas.
    [Show full text]
  • Study on Kelimutu National Park in the District of Ende, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia)
    J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(2)1-11, 2013 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2013, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com Conservation Area Management Plan in Community Empowerment Perspective (Study on Kelimutu National Park in the District of Ende, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia) ¹,*Endarto, ²Soesilo Zauhar, 2Bambang Santoso Haryono ¹Master Program of Public Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java of Indonesia ² Lecturer of Public Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java of Indonesia ABSTRACT The activities that have been performed by Kelimutu National Park Authority (KNPA) must be done in order to achieve the vision and mission. Based on the KNPA vision that Kelimutu National Park as a Nature Conservation Area Management Model Ecosystem-Based Mainland Flores-East Nusa Tenggara Through The Development of Bio-Geological and Ecotourism Science Local Culture-Based to Support Public Welfare, then one measure to judge the success of its performance could be seen from how the KNPA planned community empowerment programs around the area. The purpose of this study were to describe and analyze: (1) the process; (2) the role and interaction of stakeholders; and (3) the supporting and constraining factors of management planning of Kelimutu National Park (KNP) in community empowerment perspective. In general, conservation area management planning in KNP had led to the management planning of conservation area insightful of community empowerment but within the framework of social responsibility organization and had not reached the stage of creating shared value. Keywords: Planning, Kelimutu National Park, stakeholders, community empowerment INTRODUCTION In Indonesia there are many national parks spread from Aceh to Papua.
    [Show full text]
  • Disaster Preparedness Tips (A Guide Book for Personal Safety in the Field with Special Reference to Indonesia)
    Disaster Preparedness Tips (A guide book for personal safety in the field with special reference to Indonesia) Canadian Red Cross Indonesia Mission Tsunami Recovery Operations Banda Aceh, Indonesia July 2009 Disaster Preparedness Tips (A guide book for personal safety in the field with special reference to Indonesia) Compiled/Edited By Shesh Kanta Kafle Disaster Risk Reduction Program Manaager Canadian Red Cross Indonesia Mission Tsunami Recovery Operations Banda Aceh, Indonesia July 2009 2 Contents Earthquake What is an earthquake? 4 What causes an earthquake? 4 Effects of earthquakes 4 How are earthquakes measured? 5 How do I protect myself in an earthquake? 6 Things to do before an earthquake occurs 8 Things to do during an earthquake 8 Earthquake zones 10 Tsunami What is a tsunami? 11 What causes a tsunami? 11 History of Tsunami in West coast of Indonesia 11 How do I protect myself in a Tsunami? 12 What to do before a Tsunami 12 What to do after a Tsunami 12 Flood What is a flood? 13 Common types of flooding 13 Flood warnings 13 How do I protect myself in a flood? 15 Before a flood 15 During a flood 15 Driving Flood Facts 16 After a flood 16 Volcano What is a volcano? 18 How is the volcano formed? 18 How safe are volcanoes? 18 Risk zones around and active volcano 18 When you are in the house 20 When you are in the field 21 In vehicles 21 Safety recommendations when visiting an active volcano 21 Precautions in the danger zone 22 References 26 Annex 3 Earthquake What is an earthquake? An earthquake is a sudden tremor or movement of the earth’s crust, which originates naturally at or below the surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Wet Season Finally Draws to a Close Monthly Humanitarian Bulletin
    Monthly Humanitarian Bulletin Indonesia Issue 4 | July – August 2013 In this issue Natural disasters overview P.1 HIGHLIGHTS Disaster response & preparedness P.4 Floods and earthquakes Funding P.7 have the highest humanitarian impact in the TNI July – August period. Wet season finally draws to a close Hotspot blazes in the peatland forests of Floods, landslides, whirlwinds decline as unusual weather patterns wane Sumatra create recurring Climate change has affected the pattern of Indonesia’s seasons and weather. Increased haze emergencies in Riau sea water surface temperatures resulted in higher volumes of water evaporation and a Province corresponding increase in rainfall intensity. The BKMG reported that the higher sea temperatures also caused changes in regional wind patterns. These factors combined to prolong the wet season which continued into August and resulted in an increase in Repeated Mt Rokatenda hydrometeorology disasters – floods, landslides and whirlwinds – over the first eight eruptions prompt months of 2013. government relocation of Palue Island residents These were the most frequent disaster events, and caused the FIGURES greatest humanitarian impact, for the first six Natural disasters months of 2013. This (July - August.) continued into July and August although the Natural disasters 137 frequency of hydro- meteorological Total affected 253,874 disasters, and their population humanitarian impact, Casualties 98 has gradually declined as the wet season draws to a close. Simultaneously, there has been an increase in forest fire hotspots, particularly in Riau Province, East Sumatra, as the unusual weather patterns brought on by the higher sea water temperatures gradually subsided. In July, the Indonesia Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) reported 84 natural disaster events with floods being most common followed by landslides and whirlwinds resulting in 79 casualties and 189,146 persons affected.
    [Show full text]
  • Komodo National Park and Labuan Bajo (Flores) Baseline Demand & Supply, Market Demand Forecasts, and Investment Needs
    KOMODO NATIONAL PARK AND LABUAN BAJO (FLORES) BASELINE DEMAND & SUPPLY, MARKET DEMAND FORECASTS, AND INVESTMENT NEEDS MARKET ANALYSIS AND DEMAND ASSESSMENTS TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED TOURISM DESTINATIONS ACROSS INDONESIA WORLD BANK SELECTION # 1223583 (2016-2017) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PREPARED BY: FOR: WITH SUPPORT FROM: This work is a product of external contributions supervised by The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. This publication has been funded by the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Australian Government through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Swiss Confederation through the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO). The views expressed in this publication are the author’s alone and are not necessarily the views of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Australian Government and the Swiss Confederation. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 BASELINE DEMAND & SUPPLY .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Flores Map Reading Activity
    connected A Global Education resource from World Vision Water in the world Indonesia: rural water issues (p. 22-23) Flores map reading activity Lewotobi Lakilaki (meaning “man”) and Lewotobi Perempuan (meaning “woman”) are the two peaks that make up the Mt Lewotobi volcano. 1. What is the spot height of Lewotobi Perempuan? _________________________________________________________________ 2. In the event of a volcanic eruption, how far is Lewoawan from Lewotobi Perempuan? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is the elevation of the freshwater source for the water project? ________________________________________________ 4. What is the elevation of Kaha, the village at the end of the pipeline? __________________________________________________ 5. What is the contour interval on the topographic map? _____________________________________________________________ 6. How would you describe the slope of the land between the following locations? • Bunga to Kaha (flat, gentle, steep) • Lewoawan to Lewotobi Perempuan (flat, gentle, steep) • Kedang to Hewa (flat, gentle, steep) 7. Draw a cross section of the map from the freshwater source to Kaha. Page 1/2 © 2013 World Vision Australia. This resource may be copied for educational use. World Vision Australia ABN 28 004 778 081 is a Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice. Ref # 7017 connected A Global Education resource from World Vision Water in the world Indonesia: rural water issues (p. 22-23) Flores map reading activity 8. The location of places can be described in different ways. Complete the description of Maumere’s location using the correct options below: Maumere is on the (north / south) coast of Flores on the (Flores / Savu) Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Explore the Extraordinary Flores 1
    EXPLORE THE EXTRAORDINARY FLORES 1 Welcome to Flores Contents A Glimpse About Flores 4 Publisher: Flores Destination Management How to Get There 6 Organisation and supported by Swisscontact When To Go and SECO (State Secretariat for Economic Getting Around Affairs) of the Swiss Confederation. No Diving tips part of this publication may be copied or reproduced in any form by any means. Getting Around in the 7 Island Photography: Swisscontact WISATA, Flores DMO, 10 Public Transportation (land & sea) Leonardus Nyoman, Djuna Ivereigh, Car & Motorbike Rental Mark Levitin, Tommy Schultz, Yayat Cycling Around Flores Fahrizal, Mikel Albarran, Wunderpus & Places To Go 10 Flores XP Island Hopping Around Komodo Design: Wae Rebo & Komodo Dragon Flores DMO, PA Exploration Printer: Overland Adventure · PT. Cintya Grafika, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia 16 Other Attractions 34 Distributor: Community-based Tourism Flores DMO, Jalan Bhakti No.1, Ende, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia Travel Tips 41 For Advertising Enquiries: Open a world map and take a look at the extensive expanse of Asia. In between the Indian ABOUT FLORES DMO and the Pacific Oceans you will find the Indonesian Archipelago stretching west to east along Events & Festivals [email protected] the Equator. Right at its heart, in the seas of eastern Indonesia lies the snake-shaped island 42 Website: of Flores. Flores Destination Management www.florestourism.com Organisation (DMO) formed in Find Travel Agents, 44 Flores is most famous for two internationally renowned attractions. Firstly,
    [Show full text]
  • By the End of This Lesson, You Will Be Able To: Describe Types of Tourist
    By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: ✓ Describe types of tourist attractions ✓ Use adjectives to describe tourist attractions From Sabang to Merauke, we have a lot of tourist attractions in Indonesia. Do you know the types of these famous attractions below? Monu ment Temple Traditional Houses Amusement Park On the previous exercise, we have some types of tourist attraction in Indonesia. Although there are many types of tourist attractions in the world, in Indonesia, the typical ones would be: places of natural beauty, monuments, temples, religious heritage, and traditional houses. Refer to the following table about types of tourist attraction and some example of the places: Types of Tourist Example of The Places Attraction Temple Prambanan, Borobudur Monument National Monument, Yogya Kembali Monument Theme Park TMII, Ancol Dreamland National Park Way Kambas, Siberut, Bunaken Palace Ubud Royal Palace, Maimun Palace Castle Vredeburg, Fort de Kock , Fort Speelwijk Mosque The Grand Istiqlal, The Golden Dome Mosque Cathedral Maria Annai Velangkanni, Notre Dame Zoo Ragunan, Safari Park Mountain Tangkuban Perahu, Bromo Beach Kuta, Legian, Seminyak Waterfall Saluopa waterfall, The Waterfall of Two Colours Lake Toba, Segara Anak, Kelimutu As a maritime country with more than 17.000 island in total, we are known with our beautiful tropical views. Here is what Banu, a local tourist guide, said about where he’s from, Lombok: Hello, everyone! My name is Banu. I live in a very beautiful island called Lombok. It is a nearby island of Bali. Along the island, there are picturesque beaches such as Kuta Lombok, Tanjung Aan, Selong Belanak, and Mawon.
    [Show full text]