Supplementary Material the Effect of Hyper-Osmotic Salinity on Protein Pattern and Enzyme Activities of Halophytes
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METACYC ID Description A0AR23 GO:0004842 (Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Integrative Biology This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Heat Stress Responsive Zostera marina Genes, Southern Population (α=0. -
Recruitment of Genes and Enzymes Conferring Resistance to the Nonnatural Toxin Bromoacetate
Recruitment of genes and enzymes conferring resistance to the nonnatural toxin bromoacetate Kevin K. Desai and Brian G. Miller1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390 Edited* by Richard Wolfenden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, and approved August 24, 2010 (received for review May 28, 2010) Microbial niches contain toxic chemicals capable of forcing organ- tance of a naïve bacterial population can play a role in combating isms into periods of intense natural selection to afford survival. the toxicity of a nonnatural small-molecule. Revealing the reser- Elucidating the mechanisms by which microbes evade environmen- voir of intrinsic resistance genes that are subject to evolutionary tal threats has direct relevance for understanding and combating recruitment promises to aid our understanding of the processes the rise of antibiotic resistance. In this study we used a toxic small- leading to the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens. molecule, bromoacetate, to model the selective pressures imposed We sought to identify the full spectrum of bromoacetate resis- by antibiotics and anthropogenic toxins. We report the results tance mechanisms available to the model bacterium, Escherichia of genetic selection experiments that identify nine genes from coli. The reactivity of bromoacetate is likely to mimic that of elec- Escherichia coli whose overexpression affords survival in the trophilic natural products as well as anthropogenic environmen- presence of a normally lethal concentration of bromoacetate. Eight tal contaminants that microbes may encounter. The clinically of these genes encode putative transporters or transmembrane significant natural antibiotic fosfomycin, and the fungal natural proteins, while one encodes the essential peptidoglycan biosyn- product terreic acid, are electrophilic molecules that both target N thetic enzyme, UDP- -acetylglucosamine enolpyruvoyl transferase an essential nucleophilic cysteine residue in bacteria (8, 9). -
Generate Metabolic Map Poster
Authors: Pallavi Subhraveti Ron Caspi Peter Midford Peter D Karp An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Ingrid Keseler Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. Gcf_001591825Cyc: Bacillus vietnamensis NBRC 101237 Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility. Anamika Kothari sn-glycerol phosphate phosphate pro phosphate phosphate phosphate thiamine molybdate D-xylose D-ribose glutathione 3-phosphate D-mannitol L-cystine L-djenkolate lanthionine α,β-trehalose phosphate phosphate [+ 3 more] α,α-trehalose predicted predicted ABC ABC FliY ThiT XylF RbsB RS10935 UgpC TreP PutP RS10200 PstB PstB RS10385 RS03335 RS20030 RS19075 transporter transporter of molybdate of phosphate α,β-trehalose 6-phosphate L-cystine D-xylose D-ribose sn-glycerol D-mannitol phosphate phosphate thiamine glutathione α α phosphate phosphate phosphate phosphate L-djenkolate 3-phosphate , -trehalose 6-phosphate pro 1-phosphate lanthionine molybdate phosphate [+ 3 more] Metabolic Regulator Amino Acid Degradation Amine and Polyamine Biosynthesis Macromolecule Modification tRNA-uridine 2-thiolation Degradation ATP biosynthesis a mature peptidoglycan a nascent β an N-terminal- -
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Aspartate Kinase Mechanism and Inhibition
In compliance with the Canadian Privacy Legislation some supporting forms may have been removed from this dissertation. While these forms may be included in the document page count, their removal does not represent any loss of content from the dissertation. Ph.D. Thesis - D. Bareich McMaster University - Department of Biochemistry FUNGAL ASPARTATE KINASE MECHANISM AND INHIBITION By DAVID C. BAREICH, B.Sc. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy McMaster University © Copyright by David C. Bareich, June 2003 1 Ph.D. Thesis - D. Bareich McMaster University - Department of Biochemistry FUNGAL ASPARTATE KINASE MECHANISM AND INHIBITION Ph.D. Thesis - D. Bareich McMaster University - Department of Biochemistry DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (2003) McMaster University (Biochemistry) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Saccharomyces cerevisiae aspartate kinase mechanism and inhibition AUTHOR: David Christopher Bareich B.Sc. (University of Waterloo) SUPERVISOR: Professor Gerard D. Wright NUMBER OF PAGES: xix, 181 11 Ph.D. Thesis - D. Bareich McMaster University - Department of Biochemistry ABSTRACT Aspartate kinase (AK) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (AKsc) catalyzes the first step in the aspartate pathway responsible for biosynthesis of L-threonine, L-isoleucine, and L-methionine in fungi. Little was known about amino acids important for AKsc substrate binding and catalysis. Hypotheses about important amino acids were tested using site directed mutagenesis to substitute these amino acids with others having different properties. Steady state kinetic parameters and pH titrations of the variant enzymes showed AKsc-K18 and H292 to be important for binding and catalysis. Little was known about how the S. cerevisiae aspartate pathway kinases, AKsc and homoserine kinase (HSKsc), catalyze the transfer of the y-phosphate from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to L-aspartate or L-homoserine, respectively. -
Structural Characterization of Beta Carbonic Anhydrases from Higher Plants
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1998 Structural Characterization of Beta Carbonic Anhydrases From Higher Plants. Michael H. Bracey Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Bracey, Michael H., "Structural Characterization of Beta Carbonic Anhydrases From Higher Plants." (1998). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6655. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6655 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
Identification of Six Novel Allosteric Effectors of Arabidopsis Thaliana Aspartate Kinase-Homoserine Dehydrogenase
Identification of six novel allosteric effectors of Arabidopsis thaliana Aspartate kinase-Homoserine dehydrogenase. Physiological context sets the specificity Gilles Curien, Stéphane Ravanel, Mylène Robert, Renaud Dumas To cite this version: Gilles Curien, Stéphane Ravanel, Mylène Robert, Renaud Dumas. Identification of six novel allosteric effectors of Arabidopsis thaliana Aspartate kinase-Homoserine dehydrogenase. Physiological context sets the specificity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005, 280 (50), pp.41178-41183. 10.1074/jbc.M509324200. hal-00016689 HAL Id: hal-00016689 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00016689 Submitted on 31 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY VOL. 280, NO. 50, pp. 41178–41183, December 16, 2005 © 2005 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Printed in the U.S.A. Identification of Six Novel Allosteric Effectors of Arabidopsis thaliana Aspartate Kinase-Homoserine Dehydrogenase -
Tetranychus Urticae
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The role of horizontally transferred genes in the xenobiotic adaptations of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Wybouw, N.R. Publication date 2015 Document Version Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Wybouw, N. R. (2015). The role of horizontally transferred genes in the xenobiotic adaptations of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:03 Oct 2021 Nicky-ch2_Vera-ch1.qxd 18/08/2015 14:33 Page 41 2 A Horizontally Transferred Cyanase Gene in the Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae is Involved in Cyanate Metabolism and is Differentially Expressed Upon Host Plant Change N. Wybouw*, V. Balabanidou*, D.J. Ballhorn, W. -
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 Pi
Biochemistry I Problem Set 9 - Key November 10, 2019 Due Tuesday, November 19 Estimated time: ~ 75 minutes 1. (10 pts, 15 min) The metabolic pathway for the synthesis of threonine is shown on Aspartate the right. Note that not all reactants/products are shown for each reaction. COOH i) The first step in this pathway is phosphorylation of a carboxylic acid. The H N CH phosphorylation of a carboxylic acid by inorganic phosphate is unfavorable, 2 CH with a Go of approximately +30 kJ/mol yet the reaction proceeds 2 spontaneously in the forward direction. How can the Gibbs energy, G, COOH become negative for this step in the pathway (2 pts). E1 Direct coupling using ATP as the phosphate donor. Energy is released by COOH transferring the phosphate from ATP to aspartate, i.e. the energy of ATP is H N CH Aspartyl 2 Phosphate higher than Aspartyl phosphate CH2 ii) Provide a name for the enzyme (E1) that catalyzes the first step of this reaction, C PO3 based on your answer to part i) (2 pts). O 14 O A phosphate group is added, most likely from ATP, so this is a kinase – E2 Pi Aspartate kinase. COOH iii) How would you describe the chemical changes that occur between aspartyl H2N CH Aspartate semialdehyde phosphate and aspartate semialdehyde (catalyzed by enzyme E2)? What CH cofactor/co-substrate is likely involved in this step? Sample incorrect answer: 2 C This step is catalyzed by a phosphatase because a phosphate is released from O 22 H the substrate). [Hint: a similar reaction occurs in glycolysis, but in reverse. -
Enzymatic Study of Cyanide Utilizing Pseudomonas Species Isolated
Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2013; 2 (6): 1058-1066 Available online at: www.jsirjournal.com Research Article Enzymatic study of cyanide utilizing Pseudomonas ISSN 2320-4818 species isolated from contaminated soil JSIR 2013; 2(6): 1058-1066 © 2013, All rights reserved Received: 21-10-2013 Dr. Preeti Parmar*, Anjali Soni, Piyush Desai Accepted: 28-12-2013 Abstract Dr. Preeti Parmar Present study deals with understanding the probable metabolic pathway utilized to degrade Department of Biosciences, Veer cyanide present in the bacteria isolated from contaminated soil harboring the loads of industrial Narmad South Gujarat University, effluent mainly rich in cyanide compounds. This was done by performing the enzymatic assay Surat, Gujarat 395007, India of the enzymes used in the pathway. Present studies were conducted on cyanide utilizing Pseudomonas species isolated from previous work of isolation and characterization. It is Anjali Soni supposed that the growing Pseudomonas species would be able to evolve a mechanism to utilize Department of Biotechnology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, cyanide present in the soil as sole source of nitrogen and carbon. For the study, cell free extract Surat, Gujarat 395007, India of isolated bacterial species grown in the presence of potassium cyanide (KCN) was prepared and activities of enzymes having role in cyanide degradation pathway were observed. Literature Piyush Desai studies had revealed that mainly four enzymes Cyanide dihydratase, Cyanide oxygenases (mono Department of Biosciences, Veer or dioxygenase), Nitrilase and Cyanase play an important role in different cyanide degrading Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat 395007, India pathways so activity of these four enzymes was detected on the basis of the measurement of released end products. -
O O2 Enzymes Available from Sigma Enzymes Available from Sigma
COO 2.7.1.15 Ribokinase OXIDOREDUCTASES CONH2 COO 2.7.1.16 Ribulokinase 1.1.1.1 Alcohol dehydrogenase BLOOD GROUP + O O + O O 1.1.1.3 Homoserine dehydrogenase HYALURONIC ACID DERMATAN ALGINATES O-ANTIGENS STARCH GLYCOGEN CH COO N COO 2.7.1.17 Xylulokinase P GLYCOPROTEINS SUBSTANCES 2 OH N + COO 1.1.1.8 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Ribose -O - P - O - P - O- Adenosine(P) Ribose - O - P - O - P - O -Adenosine NICOTINATE 2.7.1.19 Phosphoribulokinase GANGLIOSIDES PEPTIDO- CH OH CH OH N 1 + COO 1.1.1.9 D-Xylulose reductase 2 2 NH .2.1 2.7.1.24 Dephospho-CoA kinase O CHITIN CHONDROITIN PECTIN INULIN CELLULOSE O O NH O O O O Ribose- P 2.4 N N RP 1.1.1.10 l-Xylulose reductase MUCINS GLYCAN 6.3.5.1 2.7.7.18 2.7.1.25 Adenylylsulfate kinase CH2OH HO Indoleacetate Indoxyl + 1.1.1.14 l-Iditol dehydrogenase L O O O Desamino-NAD Nicotinate- Quinolinate- A 2.7.1.28 Triokinase O O 1.1.1.132 HO (Auxin) NAD(P) 6.3.1.5 2.4.2.19 1.1.1.19 Glucuronate reductase CHOH - 2.4.1.68 CH3 OH OH OH nucleotide 2.7.1.30 Glycerol kinase Y - COO nucleotide 2.7.1.31 Glycerate kinase 1.1.1.21 Aldehyde reductase AcNH CHOH COO 6.3.2.7-10 2.4.1.69 O 1.2.3.7 2.4.2.19 R OPPT OH OH + 1.1.1.22 UDPglucose dehydrogenase 2.4.99.7 HO O OPPU HO 2.7.1.32 Choline kinase S CH2OH 6.3.2.13 OH OPPU CH HO CH2CH(NH3)COO HO CH CH NH HO CH2CH2NHCOCH3 CH O CH CH NHCOCH COO 1.1.1.23 Histidinol dehydrogenase OPC 2.4.1.17 3 2.4.1.29 CH CHO 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 O 2.7.1.33 Pantothenate kinase CH3CH NHAC OH OH OH LACTOSE 2 COO 1.1.1.25 Shikimate dehydrogenase A HO HO OPPG CH OH 2.7.1.34 Pantetheine kinase UDP- TDP-Rhamnose 2 NH NH NH NH N M 2.7.1.36 Mevalonate kinase 1.1.1.27 Lactate dehydrogenase HO COO- GDP- 2.4.1.21 O NH NH 4.1.1.28 2.3.1.5 2.1.1.4 1.1.1.29 Glycerate dehydrogenase C UDP-N-Ac-Muramate Iduronate OH 2.4.1.1 2.4.1.11 HO 5-Hydroxy- 5-Hydroxytryptamine N-Acetyl-serotonin N-Acetyl-5-O-methyl-serotonin Quinolinate 2.7.1.39 Homoserine kinase Mannuronate CH3 etc. -
Fortifying Horticultural Crops with Essential Amino Acids: a Review
Review Fortifying Horticultural Crops with Essential Amino Acids: A Review Guoping Wang 1, Mengyun Xu 1, Wenyi Wang 1,2,* and Gad Galili 2,* 1 College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; [email protected] (G.W.); [email protected] (M.X.) 2 Department of Plant Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel * Corresponding author: [email protected] (W.W.); [email protected] (G.G.); Tel.: +972-8-934-3511 (G.G.); Fax: +972-8-934-4181 (G.G.) Received: 17 May 2017; Accepted: 14 June 2017; Published: 19 June 2017 Abstract: To feed the world′s growing population, increasing the yield of crops is not the only important factor, improving crop quality is also important, and it presents a significant challenge. Among the important crops, horticultural crops (particularly fruits and vegetables) provide numerous health compounds, such as vitamins, antioxidants, and amino acids. Essential amino acids are those that cannot be produced by the organism and, therefore, must be obtained from diet, particularly from meat, eggs, and milk, as well as a variety of plants. Extensive efforts have been devoted to increasing the levels of essential amino acids in plants. Yet, these efforts have been met with very little success due to the limited genetic resources for plant breeding and because high essential amino acid content is generally accompanied by limited plant growth. With a deep understanding of the biosynthetic pathways of essential amino acids and their interactions with the regulatory networks in plants, it should be possible to use genetic engineering to improve the essential amino acid content of horticultural plants, rendering these plants more nutritionally favorable crops. -
Moted Lysine Incorporation Was Susceptible to Hy
54 BIOCHEMISTRY: KAZIRO ET AL. PROC. N. A. S. Applied Chemistry Symposium on Protein Structure, ed. A. Neuberger (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1958). 7 Craig, L. C., T. P. King, and W. Konigsberg, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 88, 571 (1960). 8 Craig, L. C., T. P. King, and A. Crestfield, Biopolymers, in press. 9 Craig, L. C., and W. Konigsberg, J. Phys. Chem., 65, 166 (1961). 10 Hill, R. J., W. Konigsberg, G. Guidotti, and L. C. Craig, J. Biol. Chem., 237, 1549 (1962). 11 Hasserodt, U., and J. Vinograd, these PROCEEDINGS, 45, 12 (1959). 12 Rossi-Fanelli, A., E. Antonini, and A. Caputo, J. Biol. Chem., 236, 391 (1961). Is Benesch, R. E., R. Benesch, and M. E. Williamson, these PROCEEDINGS, 48, 2071 (1962). 14 Antonini, E., J. Wyman, E. Bucci, C. Fronticelli, and A. Rossi-Fanelli, J. Mol. Biol., 4, 368 (1962). 16 Vinograd, J., and W. D. Hutchinson, Nature, 187, 216 (1960). 16Stracher, A., and L. C. Craig, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 81, 696 (1959). 17 Bromer, W. W., L. G. Sinn, A. Staub, and 0. K. Behrens, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 78, 3858 (1956). IsSquire, P. G., and C. H. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 83, 3521 (1961). IDENTIFICATION OF PEPTIDES SYNTHESIZED BY THE CELL-FREE E. COLI SYSTEM WITH POLYNUCLEOTIDE MESSENGERS* BY YOSHITO KAZIRO, ALBERT GROSSMAN, AND SEVERO OCHOA DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Communicated May 23, 1963 Characterization of the products formed by cell-free systems of protein synthesis as a result of the incorporation of amino acids into acid-insoluble products, pro- moted by synthetic polyribonucleotides, has lagged behind the use of these com- pounds in studies on the genetic code.1' 2 Nirenberg and Matthaei' partially characterized the product of phenylalanine incorporation by the Escherichia coli system, in the presence of poly U, as poly L-phenylalanine.