Global Burden of Eye and Vision Disease As Reflected in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Supplementary Online Content

Boyers LN, Karimkhani C, Hilton J, Richheimer W, Dellavalle RP. Global burden of eye and vision disease as reflected in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. JAMA Ophthalmol. Published online September 18, 2014. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.3527.

eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise the Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD-10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query eTable 2. Reviews and Protocols Included for Seven GBD Ophthalmologic Conditions With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year eTable 3. Reviews and Protocols Included for GBD Other Vision Loss Category With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year eTable 4. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of Seven Ophthalmologic Conditions Studied by GBD 2010 in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work.

Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/28/2021 eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD- 10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query Conditions comprising GBD ICD-10 codes that Terms entered into search other vision loss category define other vision loss query a category Chorioretinal inflammation H30 “chorioretinal inflammation”

Focal chorioretinal inflammation H30.0 “focal chorioretinal inflammation” “chorioretinitis” “choroiditis” “retinitis” “retinochoroiditis”

Disseminated chorioretinal H30.1 “disseminated chorioretinal inflammation inflammation”

Posterior cyclitis H30.2 “posterior cyclitis “ “pars planitis”

Other chorioretinal inflammations H30.8 “chorioretinal inflammation” (repeat search term) “Harada disease”

Chorioretinal inflammation, H30.9 “chorioretinal inflammation” unspecified (repeat search term)

Other disorders of choroid H31 “disorders of choroid”

Chorioretinal scars H31.0 “chorioretinal scars” “macula scars” “solar retinopathy”

Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/28/2021 eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD- 10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query (Continued) Conditions comprising GBD ICD-10 codes that Terms entered into search other vision loss category define other vision loss query a category Choroidal degeneration H31.1 “choroidal degeneration” “atrophy of choroid” “sclerosis of choroid”

Hereditary choroidal dystrophy H31.2 “hereditary choroidal dystrophy” “choroideremia” “choroidal dystrophy” “gyrate atrophy”

Choroidal haemorrhage and rupture H31.3 “choroidal haemorrhage” “choroidal rupture”

Choroidal detachment H31.4 “choroidal detachment”

Other specified disorders of choroid H31.8 “choroid”

Disorder of choroid, unspecified H31.9 “choroid”

Chorioretinal disorders in diseases H32 “chorioretinitis due to classified elsewhere cytomegalovirus” “CMV chorioretinitis” “cytomegaloviral retinitis” “cytomegalovirus chorioretinitis” “cytomegalovirus retinitis” “histoplasma capsulatum with retinitis” “histoplasmosis retinitis”

etinal detachments and breaks H33 “retinal detachment” “retinal breaks”

Retinal detachment with retinal break H33.0 “retinal detachment” “retinal breaks”

Retinoschisis and retinal cysts H33.1 “retinoschisis” “retinal cysts” “cyst of ora serrata” “parasitic cyst of retina” “pseudocyst of retina”

Retinal breaks without detachment H33.3 “retinal breaks” “horseshoe tear of retina” “round hole of retina” “operculum”

Traction detachment of retina H33.4 “traction detachment of retina” “proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment”

Other retinal detachments H33.5 “retinal detachment”

Retinal vascular occlusions H34 “retinal vascular occlusions”

Transient retinal artery occlusion H34.0 “transient retinal artery occlusion“

Central retinal artery occlusion H34.1 “central retinal artery occlusion”

Other retinal artery occlusions H34.2 “Hollenhorst plaque” “retinal artery occlusion” “retinal microembolism”

Other retinal vascular occlusions H34.8 “retinal vascular occlusions”

Retinal vascular occlusion, H34.9 “retinal vascular occlusions” unspecified

Other retinal disorders H35 “retinal disorders”

Background retinopathy and retinal H35.0 “retinal vascular changes” “retinal vascular changes micro-aneurysms” “retinal neovascularization” “retinal perivasculitis” “retinal varices” “retinal vascular sheathing” “retinal vasculitis” “hypertensive retinopathy” “exudative retinopathy”

eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD- 10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query (Continued) Conditions comprising GBD ICD-10 codes that Terms entered into search other vision loss category define other vision loss query a category Retinopathy of prematurity H35.1 “retinopathy of prematurity” “retrolental fibroplasia”

Other proliferative retinopathy H35.2 “proliferative retinopathy” “proliferative vitreo-retinopathy”

Peripheral retinal degeneration H35.4 “peripheral retinal degeneration” “retina lattice” “retina microcystoid” “retina palisade” “retina paving stone”

Hereditary retinal dystrophy H35.5 “hereditary retinal dystrophy” “tapetoretinal” “vitreoretinal” “Retinitis pigmentosa” “Stargardt disease”

Retinal haemorrhage H35.6 “retinal haemorrhage”

Separation of retinal layers H35.7 “separation of retinal layers” “central serous chorioretinopathy” “detachment of retinal pigment epithelium”

Other specified retinal disorders H35.8 “retinal disorders”

Retinal disorder, unspecified H35.9 “retinal disorders”

Visual disturbances H53 “visual disturbances”

Amblyopia ex anopsia H53.0 “amblyopia ex anopsia” “anisometropic amblyopia” “deprivation amblyopia” “strabismic amblyopia”

eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD- 10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query (Continued) Conditions comprising GBD ICD-10 codes that Terms entered into search other vision loss category define other vision loss query a category Subjective visual disturbances H53.1 “subjective visual disturbances” “asthenopia” “day blindness” “hemeralopia” “metamorphopsia” “photophobia” “scintillating scotoma” “sudden visual loss” “visual halos”

Diplopia H53.2 “diplopia” “double vision”

Other disorders of binocular vision H53.3 “disorders of binocular vision” “abnormal retinal correspondence” “fusion with defective stereopsis” “simultaneous visual perception without fusion” “suppression of binocular vision”

Visual field defects H53.4 “visual field defects” “enlarged blind spot” “generalized contraction of visual field” “hemianopia” “quadrant anopsia” “scotoma” “arcuate scotoma” “bjerrum scotoma” “central scotoma” “ring scotoma”

eTable 1. Conditions That Comprise Other Vision Loss Category With Their ICD- 10 Code Definitions and Terms Entered Into the Search Query (Continued) Conditions comprising GBD ICD-10 codes that Terms entered into search other vision loss category define other vision loss query a category Colour vision deficiencies H53.5 “colour vision deficiencies” “achromatopsia” “acquired colour vision deficiency” “colour blindness” “deutranomaly” “deuteranopia” “protanomaly “protanopia” “tritanomaly” “tritanopia”

Night blindness H53.6 “night blindness”

Other visual disturbances H53.8 “visual disturbances”

Visual disturbance, unspecified H53.9 “visual disturbances”

Visual impairment including blindness H54 “visual impairment” “binocular (binocular or monocular) blindness” “monocular blindness”

Blindness, both eyes H54.0 “binocular blindness”

Severe visual impairment, binocular H54.1 “severe binocular visual impairment”

Moderate visual impairment, H54.2 “visual impairment” binocular

Mild or no visual impairment, H54.3 “visual impairment” binocular

Blindness, monocular H54.4 “monocular blindness”

Severe visual impairment, monocular H54.5 “visual impairment”

Moderate visual impairment, H54.6 “visual impairment” monocular

Unspecified visual impairment H54.9 “visual impairment” (binocular)

a Specific ICD-10 and ICD-9 codes used by GBD 2010 for the other vision loss category are published in: Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. Supplementary appendix to: Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet. 2012;380:2095–2128.

eTable 2. Reviews and Protocols Included for Seven GBD Ophthalmologic Conditions With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year Ophthalmologic Title of review or protocol Review (R) or Publication Cochrane group condition protocol (P) year

Refraction and Excimer laser refractive R 2012 Eyes and Vision accommodation surgery versus phakic disorders intraocular lenses for the correction of moderate to high myopia Mitomycin C for prevention P 2008 Eyes and Vision of postoperative haze following excimer laser surface ablation in moderate to high myopia Adjustable versus non- R 2013 Eyes and Vision adjustable sutures for strabismus Botulinum toxin for the R 2013 Eyes and Vision treatment of strabismus Interventions for strabismic R 2011 Eyes and Vision amblyopia Interventions for intermittent R 2013 Eyes and Vision exotropia Interventions for infantile R 2013 Eyes and Vision esotropia Spectacle correction versus P 2009 Eyes and Vision no spectacles for prevention of strabismus in hyperopic children Non-surgical interventions R 2011 Eyes and Vision for convergence insufficiency Photorefractive keratectomy R 2012 Eyes and Vision (PRK) versus laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia correction Interventions to slow R 2011 Eyes and Vision progression of myopia in children

eTable 2. Reviews and Protocols Included for Seven GBD Ophthalmologic Conditions With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year (Continued) Ophthalmologic Title of review or protocol Review (R) or Publication Cochrane group condition protocol (P) year

Acupuncture for slowing the R 2011 Eyes and Vision progression of myopia in children and adolescents Laser-assisted in-situ R 2013 Eyes and Vision keratomileusis (LASIK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia Laser photocoagulation for R 2005 Eyes and Vision choroidal neovascularisation in pathologic myopia Photorefractive keratectomy P 2012 Eyes and Vision (PRK) versus laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) for myopia correction

Cataracts Surgery for cataracts in R 2012 Eyes and Vision people with age-related macular degeneration Surgery for post-vitrectomy R 2013 Eyes and Vision cataract Manual small incision R 2012 Eyes and Vision cataract surgery (MSICS) with posterior chamber intraocular lens versus extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age- related cataract Antioxidant vitamin R 2012 Eyes and Vision supplementation for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract Routine preoperative R 2012 Eyes and Vision medical testing for cataract surgery Day care versus in-patient R 2011 Eyes and Vision surgery for age-related cataract

Peribulbar versus R 2008 Anesthesia retrobulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery Surgical interventions for R 2006 Eyes and Vision age-related cataract Perioperative antibiotics for R 2013 Eyes and Vision prevention of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery Sub-Tenon’s anaesthesia R 2007 Anesthesia versus topical anaesthesia for cataract surgery Non-steroidal anti- R 2012 Eyes and Vision inflammatory agents for treating cystoid macular oedema following cataract surgery Phacoemulsification with R 2014 Eyes and Vision posterior chamber intraocular lens versus extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age- related cataract

Multifocal versus monofocal R 2012 Eyes and Vision intraocular lenses after cataract extraction Interventions for preventing R 2010 Eyes and Vision posterior capsule opacification Occlusion for stimulus R 2014 Eyes and Vision deprivation amblyopia Topical anaesthesia alone R 2007 Anaesthesia versus topical anaesthesia with intracameral lidocaine for phacoemulsification

Non-steroidal anti- P 2013 Eyes and Vision inflammatory drugs versus corticosteroids for controlling inflammation after uncomplicated cataract surgery Antimetabolites for P 2013 Eyes and Vision preventing trabeculectomy failure in people undergoing cataract surgery Combined surgery versus P 2010 Eyes and Vision staged surgery for eyes with cataract and glaucoma

Macular Surgery for cataracts in R 2012 Eyes and Vision degeneration people with age-related macular degeneration

Submacular surgery for R 2009 Eyes and Vision choroidal neovascularisation secondary to age-related macular degeneration

Radiotherapy for R 2010 Eyes and Vision neovascular age-related macular degeneration Macular translocation for R 2008 Eyes and Vision neovascular age-related macular degeneration Antiangiogenic therapy with R 2006 Eyes and Vision interferon alfa for neovascular age-related macular degeneration Antioxidant vitamin and R 2012 Eyes and Vision mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration Surgical implantation of R 2013 Eyes and Vision steroids with antiangiogenic characteristics for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Statins for age-related R 2012 Eyes and Vision macular degeneration Laser photocoagulation for R 2007 Eyes and Vision neovascular age-related macular degeneration Antiangiogenic therapy with R 2008 Eyes and Vision anti-vascular endothelial growth factor modalities for neovascular age-related macular degeneration Photodynamic therapy for R 2007 Eyes and Vision neovascular age-related macular degeneration Antioxidant vitamin and R 2012 Eyes and Vision mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration Ginkgo biloba extract for R 2013 Eyes and Vision age-related macular degeneration Laser treatment of drusen to R 2009 Eyes and Vision prevent progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration Omega 3 fatty acids for R 2012 Eyes and Vision preventing or slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration Complement inhibitors for R 2014 Eyes and Vision age-related macular degeneration Interventions for P 2009 Eyes and Vision neovascular age-related macular degeneration Face-down positioning or R 2011 Eyes and Vision posturing after macular hole surgery

eTable 2. Reviews and Protocols Included for Seven GBD Ophthalmologic Conditions With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year (Continued) Ophthalmologic Title of review or protocol Review (R) Publication Cochrane group condition or protocol year (P)

Vitrectomy with internal limiting R 2013 Eyes and Vision membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with no peeling for idiopathic full- thickness macular hole (FTMH) Reading aids for adults with R 2013 Eyes and Vision low vision

Glaucoma Beta radiation for glaucoma R 2012 Eyes and Vision surgery Intraoperative Mitomycin C for R 2005 Eyes and Vision glaucoma surgery Medical versus surgical R 2012 Eyes and Vision interventions for open angle glaucoma Aqueous shunts for glaucoma R 2006 Eyes and Vision

Anti-vascular endothelial R 2013 Eyes and Vision growth factor for neovascular glaucoma Neuroprotection for treatment R 2013 Eyes and Vision of glaucoma in adults Acupuncture for glaucoma R 2013 Eyes and Vision

5-Fluorouracil for glaucoma R 2014 Eyes and Vision surgery Laser trabeculoplasty for open R 2007 Eyes and Vision angle glaucoma Lens extraction for chronic R 2006 Eyes and Vision angle-closure glaucoma Interventions for normal R 2010 Eyes and Vision tension glaucoma Screening for prevention of R 2006 Eyes and Vision optic nerve damage due to chronic open angle glaucoma

eTable 2. Reviews and Protocols Included for Seven GBD Ophthalmologic Conditions With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year (Continued) Ophthalmologic Title of review or protocol Review Publication Cochrane group condition (R) or year protocol (P)

Medical interventions for R 2007 Eyes and Vision primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension Laser peripheral iridoplasty for R 2012 Eyes and Vision angle-closure Non-penetrating filtration R 2014 Eyes and Vision surgery versus trabeculectomy for open-angle glaucoma Anti-vascular endothelial R 2013 Eyes and Vision growth factor for neovascular glaucoma Interventions for improving R 2013 Eyes and Vision adherence to ocular hypotensive therapy Cyclodestructive procedures P 2011 Eyes and Vision for glaucoma Optic nerve head and fibre P 2010 Eyes and Vision layer imaging for diagnosing glaucoma Topical medication instillation P 2013 Eyes and Vision techniques for glaucoma Needling for encapsulated R 2012 Eyes and Vision trabeculectomy filtering blebs Device modified R 2013 Eyes and Vision trabeculectomy for glaucoma Interventions for late R 2012 Eyes and Vision trabeculectomy bleb leak Combined surgery versus P 2010 Eyes and Vision staged surgery for eyes with cataract and glaucoma Limbal versus fornix-based P 2011 Eyes and Vision conjunctival trabeculectomy flaps for glaucoma Peripheral iridotomy for P 2006 Eyes and Vision pigmentary glaucoma

Mitomycin C versus 5- P 2006 Eyes and Vision Fluorouracil for wound healing in glaucoma surgery

Iridectomy or iridotomy for P 2007 Eyes and Vision preventing angle-closure glaucoma Anti-vascular endothelial P 2012 Eyes and Vision growth factor for control of wound healing in glaucoma surgery One site versus two site P 2009 Eyes and Vision phacotrabeculectomy for primary open angle glaucoma

Trachoma Face washing promotion for R 2012 Eyes and Vision preventing active trachoma Environmental sanitary R 2012 Eyes and Vision interventions for preventing active trachoma Antibiotics for trachoma R 2011 Eyes and Vision

Interventions for trachoma R 2006 Eyes and Vision trichiasis

Onchocerciasis Ivermectin for onchocercal R 2012 Eyes and Vision eye disease (river blindness)

Vitamin A Routine vitamin A R 2014 Acute Respiratory deficiency supplementation for the Infections prevention of blindness due to measles infection in children

eTable 3. Reviews and Protocols Included for GBD Other Vision Loss Category With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year Title Review (R) or Publication Cochrane group protocol (P) year

Vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis R 2013 Eyes and Vision pigmentosa

Tamponade in surgery for retinal R 2014 Eyes and Vision detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Peripheral retinal ablation for threshold R 1999 Eyes and Vision retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Interventions for asymptomatic retinal R 2012 Eyes and Vision breaks and lattice degeneration for preventing retinal detachment

Interventions for prevention of giant retinal R 2012 Eyes and Vision tear in the fellow eye

Tamponade in surgery for retinal R 2014 Eyes and Vision detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Intravitreal low molecular weight heparin R 2013 Eyes and Vision and 5-Fluorouracil for the prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy following retinal reattachment surgery

Pars plana vitrectomy versus scleral buckle P 2012 Eyes and Vision for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments

Pneumatic retinopexy versus scleral buckle P 2010 Eyes and Vision for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for R 2013 Eyes and Vision macular oedema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for R 2010 Eyes and Vision macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

eTable 3. Reviews and Protocols Included for GBD Other Vision Loss Category With Their Associated Cochrane Group and Publication Year (Continued) Title Review (R) or Publication Cochrane group protocol (P) year

Intravitreal steroids versus observation for R 2009 Eyes and Vision macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Interventions for acute non-arteritic central R 2009 Eyes and Vision retinal artery occlusion

Early light reduction for preventing R 2013 Neonatal retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants

Supplemental oxygen for the treatment of R 2003 Neonatal prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity

Local anaesthetic eye drops for prevention R 2011 Neonatal of pain in preterm infants undergoing screening for retinopathy of prematurity

D-Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy R 2013 Neonatal of prematurity in preterm infants

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor P 2012 Neonatal (VEGF) drugs for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity

Occlusion for stimulus deprivation R 2014 Eyes and Vision amblyopia

Interventions for strabismic amblyopia R 2011 Eyes and Vision

Interventions for visual field defects in R 2011 Stroke patients with stroke

Reading aids for adults with low vision R 2013 Eyes and Vision

Community screening for visual impairment R 2006 Eyes and Vision in the elderly

Interventions for age-related visual R 2012 Stroke problems in patients with stroke

Environmental and behavioural R 2013 Eyes and Vision interventions for reducing physical activity limitation in community-dwelling visually impaired older people

Orientation and mobility training for adults R 2010 Eyes and Vision with low vision

eTable 4. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of Seven Ophthalmologic Conditions Studied by GBD 2010 in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Searched Title of review or protocol Review (R) or protocol (P) Ophthalmologic Condition

Refraction and Assertive community treatment for R accommodation people with severe mental disorders disorders

Intensive case management for severe R mental illness Percutaneous transluminal balloon R angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis Treatments for gestational diabetes R

Corticosteroids for Bell’s palsy R (idiopathic facial paralysis) Treatment for Fisher syndrome, R Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis and related disorders Endothelial keratoplasty versus R penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy Manual small incision cataract surgery R (MSICS) with posterior chamber intraocular lens versus extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age-related cataract

Cataracts Surgical interventions for bilateral R congenital cataract Beta radiation for glaucoma surgery R

Intraoperative Mitomycin C for R glaucoma surgery Excimer laser refractive surgery versus R phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of moderate to high myopia

Medical versus surgical interventions R for open angle glaucoma

eTable 4. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of Seven Ophthalmologic Conditions Studied by GBD 2010 in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Searched Title of review or protocol Review (R) or protocol (P) Ophthalmologic Condition

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) R supplementation in pregnancy Medical interventions for traumatic R hyphema Aqueous shunts for glaucoma R

Tamponade in surgery for retinal R detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy Submacular surgery for choroidal R neovascularisation secondary to age- related macular degeneration Intravitreal steroids for macular edema R in diabetes Radiotherapy for neovascular age- R related macular degeneration Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor R for neovascular glaucoma Interventions for age-related visual R problems in patients with stroke Interventions for preventing falls in R older people living in the community Occlusion for stimulus deprivation R amblyopia

Macular Laser photocoagulation for choroidal R degeneration neovascularisation in pathologic myopia Interventions for age-related visual R problems in patients with stroke Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents R for treating cystoid macular oedema following cataract surgery

Glaucoma Intravitreal steroids versus observation R for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Medical interventions for traumatic R hyphema

Tamponade in surgery for retinal R detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy Surgical interventions for primary P congenital glaucoma Topical cyclosporine for atopic P keratoconjunctivitis Interventions for age-related visual R problems in patients with stroke Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor R for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion Interventions to slow progression of R myopia in children Corticosteroids as adjuvant therapy for R ocular toxoplasmosis Surgical interventions for bilateral R congenital cataract

Trachoma n/a n/a

Onchocerciasis n/a n/a

Vitamin A Vitamin A supplementation during R deficiency pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes Micronutrient supplementation in R pregnant women with HIV infection Vitamin A supplementation for cystic R fibrosis Vitamin A supplementation to prevent R mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants

Antioxidant vitamin supplementation for R preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract

Vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis R pigmentosa

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral R supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration Antioxidant vitamin and mineral R supplements for preventing age- related macular degeneration Interventions for preventing falls in R older people living in the community Vitamin C for preventing and treating R the common cold Amniotic membrane transplantation for R acute ocular burns Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase R (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy Inositol for respiratory distress R syndrome in preterm infants Treatment for mitochondrial disorders R

Thiamine for prevention and treatment R of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in people who abuse alcohol Vitamin E supplementation for R prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Interventions for treating oral R leukoplakia Antioxidant supplements for prevention R of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Antiviral therapy for symptomatic congenital P cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants up to 3 months of age Ivermectin for onchocercal eye disease (river R blindness) Antibiotics versus control for toxoplasma R retinochoroiditis Laser photocoagulation for choroidal R neovascularisation in pathologic myopia Surgical implantation of steroids with R antiangiogenic characteristics for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration Submacular surgery for choroidal R neovascularisation secondary to age-related macular degeneration Laser photocoagulation for neovascular age- R related macular degeneration Macular translocation for neovascular age- R related macular degeneration Antiangiogenic therapy with anti-vascular R endothelial growth factor modalities for neovascular age-related macular degeneration Photodynamic therapy for neovascular age- R related macular degeneration Laser treatment of drusen to prevent progression R to advanced age-related macular degeneration

Laser photocoagulation for choroidal R neovascularisation in pathologic myopia Surgery for cataracts in people with age-related R macular degeneration Radiotherapy for neovascular age-related R macular degeneration Interventions to slow progression of myopia in R children Corticosteroids as adjuvant therapy for ocular R toxoplasmosis Green and black tea for the primary prevention of R cardiovascular disease Surgical interventions for bilateral congenital R cataract

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) R peeling versus vitrectomy with no peeling for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH)

Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, MR R angiography, and contrast-enhanced MR angiography versus intra-arterial angiography for moderate and severe carotid stenosis in symptomatic patients

Surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic R neuropathy Face-down positioning or posturing after macular R hole surgery Surgery for post-vitrectomy cataract R Acupuncture for glaucoma R Early versus late erythropoietin for preventing red R blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants Selenium supplementation to prevent short- term R morbidity in preterm neonates Restricted versus liberal oxygen exposure for R preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm or low birth weight infants Superoxide dismutase for preventing chronic R lung disease in mechanically ventilated preterm infants Air versus oxygen for resuscitation of infants at R birth Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell R transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants Cycled light in the intensive care unit for preterm R and low birth weight infants Synthetic surfactant for respiratory distress R syndrome in preterm infants Early versus late discontinuation of oxygen in R preterm or low birth weight infants Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality R and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Surgical versus medical treatment with R cyclooxygenase inhibitors for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants Permissive hypercapnia for the prevention of R morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants Late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell R transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants Multiple versus single doses of exogenous R surfactant for the prevention or treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Prolonged versus short course of indomethacin R for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants Animal derived surfactant extract for treatment of R respiratory distress syndrome Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of R morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Prophylactic protein free synthetic surfactant for R preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Moderately early (7-14 days) postnatal R corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants The effect of inotropes on morbidity and mortality R in preterm infants with low systemic or organ blood flow Prophylactic animal derived surfactant extract for R preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation R versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants Prophylactic surgical ligation of patent ductus R arteriosus for prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed R preterm infants

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Prophylactic postnatal thyroid hormones for R prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Interventions for treatment of neonatal R hyperglycemia in very low birth weight infants Antistaphylococcal immunoglobulins to prevent R staphylococcal infection in very low birth weight infants Early (< 8 days) postnatal corticosteroids for R preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants Late (>7 days) postnatal corticosteroids for R chronic lung disease in preterm infants Gradual versus abrupt discontinuation of oxygen R in preterm or low birth weight infants Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus R doses of indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus closure in symptomatic preterm infants

Indomethacin for asymptomatic patent ductus R arteriosus in preterm infants Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine R supplementation in parenterally fed neonates Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low R birth weight infants Tracheal gas insufflation for the prevention of R morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants Vasopressin and its analogues for the treatment R of refractory hypotension in neonates Natural surfactant extract versus synthetic R surfactant for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants R undergoing painful procedures Postnatal thyroid hormones for preterm infants R with transient hypothyroxinaemia Inositol for respiratory distress syndrome in R preterm infants Prophylactic nasal intermittent positive pressure P ventilation (NIPPV) versus prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm infants

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for R prevention of postoperative vitreous cavity haemorrhage after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for R proliferative diabetic retinopathy Corticosteroids for treating optic neuritis R Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy R bodies Treatment of vaginal bleeding irregularities R induced by progestin only contraceptives Vigabatrin versus carbamazepine monotherapy R for epilepsy Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral R vestibular dysfunction Hormonal versus non-hormonal contraceptives in R women with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 Sildenafil citrate for erectile dysfunction in R patients with multiple sclerosis Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of R newly diagnosed multiple brain metastases Light therapy for improving cognition, activities of R daily living, sleep, challenging behaviour, and psychiatric disturbances in dementia Interventionist versus expectant care for severe R pre-eclampsia between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation Pre-operative traction for hip fractures in adults R Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs R syndrome Therapies for depression in Parkinson's disease R

Pregabalin for chronic prostatitis R Corticosteroids for parasitic eosinophilic R meningitis Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses R after cataract extraction

Lamotrigine add-on for drug-resistant partial R epilepsy Eslicarbazepine acetate add-on for drug- R resistant partial epilepsy Medical and surgical treatment for ocular R myasthenia Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant partial R epilepsy

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Interventions for the prevention and treatment of R herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer Interventions for trachoma trichiasis R Day care versus in-patient surgery for age- R related cataract Interventions for mucous membrane pemphigoid R and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita

Amniotic membrane transplantation for acute R ocular burns Statins for age-related macular degeneration R Interventions for treating oral mucositis for R patients with cancer receiving treatment Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) R with posterior chamber intraocular lens versus phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age-related cataract

Antibiotics for gonorrhoea in pregnancy R Sulfasalazine for ankylosing spondylitis R Aspirin with or without an antiemetic for acute R migraine headaches in adults Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an R antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults Sumatriptan (intranasal route of administration) R for acute migraine attacks in adults Sumatriptan (subcutaneous route of R administration) for acute migraine attacks in adults Sumatriptan (oral route of administration) for R acute migraine attacks in adults Interventions for chronic blepharitis R Antiangiogenic therapy with anti-vascular R endothelial growth factor modalities for diabetic macular oedema Non-surgical interventions for convergence R insufficiency Surgical orbital decompression for thyroid eye R disease Orbital radiotherapy for adult thyroid eye disease R

Rituximab for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy R

Amantadine in Parkinson's disease R Amantadine in Parkinson's disease R

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Naproxen with or without an antiemetic for acute R migraine headaches in adults Sumatriptan plus naproxen for acute migraine R attacks in adults Metal protein attenuating compounds for the R treatment of Alzheimer's dementia Immediate-release versus controlled-release R carbamazepine in the treatment of epilepsy Antibiotics versus placebo for acute bacterial R conjunctivitis Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic R conjunctivitis Steroids for traumatic optic neuropathy R Medical interventions for primary open angle R glaucoma and ocular hypertension Vigabatrin for refractory partial epilepsy R Interventions for normal tension glaucoma R Interventions for improving adherence to ocular R hypotensive therapy Surgical interventions for age-related cataract R Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve R cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) R supplementation for cognitive function in healthy elderly people Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema R Rehabilitation for improving automobile driving R after stroke Cholinesterase inhibitors for delirium R Antiangiogenic therapy with interferon alfa for R neovascular age-related macular degeneration Antioxidant vitamin supplementation for R preventing and slowing the progression of age- related cataract Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) R with posterior chamber intraocular lens versus extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age-related cataract Cognitive rehabilitation for spatial neglect R following stroke Subjective barriers to prevent wandering of R cognitively impaired people Hormone replacement therapy for cognitive R function in postmenopausal women

eTable 5. Excluded Titles Generated From Search of GBD 2010 Other Vision Loss Category in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Continued) Title Review (R) or protocol (P) Balance training (proprioceptive training) for R patients with rheumatoid arthritis High versus low medium chain triglyceride R content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants Antenatal interventions for preventing the R transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) from the mother to fetus during pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the congenitally infected infant

Interventions for preventing falls in older people R living in the community Pre-admission antibiotics for suspected cases of R meningococcal disease Chinese herbal medicine for chronic neck pain R due to cervical degenerative disc disease Interventions for involutional lower lid entropion R Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia R Diacerein for osteoarthritis R Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for R maternal and newborn outcomes Micronutrient supplementation in pregnant R women with HIV infection Antiviral therapy for symptomatic congenital P cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants up to 3 months of age