VOL. XIX No. 12 December, 1964 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IM GREAT BRITAIN a FAIRFAX MANSIONS. FINCHLEY RO. (corner Fairfax Rd.). Lenden. N.W.S 0//ice and Consulting Houn:

Talaphont : MAIda Vale 9096/7 (Ganaral Ofkce and Wallart tor tha Agad). Monday to Thuriday 10a.m.—I p.m. J—ipjn. MAIda Vala 4449 (Employment Agancv. annually llcantad by tha L.CC.. and Social Services Dapt.) Friday 10 a.m.—I p.m.

*•• G. howenthal with the role of " social action" in our religion; and this was most appropriate for introducing a kind of spiritual order into the recognisable realities of Jewish life A NEW DIASPORA and, with its many suggestions, for endow­ ing the latter with fresh impulse. The detailed report on activities by Dr. Central European Jews in South America Rodolfo Hirschfeld, Chairman of the " Centra ", and the papers on the theme For four days South American flags, only be solved satisfactorily with the of the conference (" The Future in South flanking the flag of the State of Israel and passage of time. America ") by Professor Heinrich Rattner those of the State and the City of Sao The question of belonging in this (Sao Paulo), Dr. Alfred Hirschberg (Sao Paulo, were displayed at the head of a con­ Diaspora, and the difficult problems of Paulo), Dr. Hardi Swarsensky (Buenos ference table in Sao Paulo. These external priorities arising therefrom (retention of Aires), Rabbi Dr. M. M. Rosenberg (Buenos signs were not merely a symbol of the the emigre group spirit or fusion into a Aires), Professor Dr. Fritz Pinkuss (Sao recent fifth conference of "Centra" (the South American Jewry, the spiritual heri­ Paulo) and Curt Wilk (Buenos Aires), with association of Jewish communities and tage of German Jewry, aliya, obligations their sociological, political and religious towards South American society, responsi­ cultural subject matter, formed the basis organisations in South America founded for several days' discussion, reflecting the and developed by Jews from Germany and bilities towards Israel), took up much space—despite a general recognition of the problems outlined above. Among the Central Europe, which was established in unity of Judaism—in the programme and other representatives of the South Ameri­ 1956). This row of banners, paraded there deliberations of the Conference. All this can rabbinate who frequently participated, in miniature, could equally well be viewed was taken particularly seriously in relation were Professor Dr. Heinrich Lemle (Rio de as an expression of the involved problems to the oft-repeated question (here, too) Janeiro), Egon J. Loewenstein (Santiago) awaiting discussion, namely the question about the retention, moulding and spiritual and Dr. Fritz Winter (Montevideo). of the spiritual standpoint of the groups demands of Jewish youth and their right The link between the " Centra " and the represented and their future in this to be granted responsibilities and positions " Council of Jews from Germany ", whose immense, though relatively sparsely popu­ of trust in communal organisations and President (Dr. Siegfried Moses, Jerusalem) lated continent. It must be appreciated institutions. and Honorary Secretary (Bruno Woyda, that of the total of, say, 700,000 Jews in London) had sent greetings to the Con­ the whole of South America, Jewish post- ference, was mentioned several times. In 1933 refugees from Nazi oppression com­ Emphasis on Education this connection the present writer, who prise some 10 per cent and are now orga­ Social work, finance, restitution and attended the Conference as a guest, nised into more than twenty communities. matters of internal organisation were reported on new research and publication Most of them are to be found in the ABC hardly discussed at this Conference, but projects of the Leo Baeck Institute which, countries (Argentine, Brazil and Chile) emphasis was laid on the maintenance and established by the Council almost ten years 3nd the strongest, both numerically and in expansion of the fledgling Latin American ago, arouses considerable interest also in activity, are in Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Rabbinical Seminary in Buenos Aires (22 South America. ^uenos Aires, Montevideo and Santiago. students already) and the attitude of the Of the remaining 630,000 Jews about South American Rabbinical Assembly, Sao Paulo Communal Centre 70,000 are Sephardim, the rest mainly con­ which was founded in 1956 and comprises sists of East European Ashkenazim who Jewish spiritual leaders, mostly members The Opening Meeting was held in the settled in South America at the turn of of the middle generation stemming from fine communal building of the largest the century or thereafter, and who in Central Europe. In addition, and especially Jewish community in South America estab­ many cases now represent the third genera­ in view of the progress made in the deli­ lished by Jews from Central Europe, the tion of the original settlers. berations of the Vatican Council, there was Congregacao Israelita Paulista (C.I.P.), some discussion on the pros and cons of which acted as host and in whose rooms .•working for an understanding vdth the the whole " Centra" Conference, orga­ Dispersed Communities Church ; a promising start had been made nised by Dr. Hans Feuereisen, took place. on this already in South America. In The speakers included the Israeli Cultural The problem elaborated during the general, it was worth noting the deep con­ Attache for South America, Dr. Shaul lengthy and serious discussions of the cern with cultural and religious matters, Levin (Rio), Rabbi Dr. Nathan Blum Centra " conference was not new: it will including Jewish adult education. "ITiis was (Buenos Aires) for the Rabbinical surely also be the focal point in the deli- most welcome to th^ European observer, Assembly, Dr. Rafael Markmann as Presi­ oerations of future conferences of this who was impressed by the fact that here, dent of the Organisation of Jewish Com­ nature, simply because the economic and far from the Jewish centres in Israel, U.S.A. munities in the State of Sao Paulo, Dr. cultural position of the Jews depends and Europe, a way back was being found Hans Reich (Santiago) for the delegates primarily on the economic stability or, to the real Jewish tasks. If, as is to be and a representative of the youth. This Perhaps, instability of the South American hoped, simple recognition of the difference was preceded by a festive Friday night f^ates and on the economic position of between reality and pipe-dreams helped to service attended by almost a thousand Jheir somewhat similarly placed environ- clarify problems in many minds, then this worshippers, at which Rabbi Pinkuss °iental society, and because there is as yet " Centra" Conference had meaning and preached. served its purpose. no closely-knit, highly organised and con­ The presidency of the " Centra", con­ sciously Jewish South American Jewry, By way of introduction, a broad histori­ sisting of Dr. Hirschfeld and Hans Lesch­ j'^r that it is still too young, too divergent cal, philosophical and literary address was nitzer (both from Montevideo), was in Its religious background and outlook and given by Dr. Fritz Bamberger (New York) re-elected and it was decided that the next, too widely dispersed geographically. This who, at the request of the " Centra ", had the sixth " Centra" Conference, should s quite apart from the language question been engaged on a lecture tour of various be held in Montevideo in 1966, on which yf erman. Portuguese, Spanish, Hungarian) Jewish communities in South America. occasion the organisation would be able r^ich, as was clearly apparent to an His exposition dealt with " New Thinking to look back on the first decade of its ooserver, does exist and which can surely in Religious Jewry" and was concerned existence. f.m^^m^'^-'m^n.m^^^^^.^.,..^^.^...... ,..>^.,i^Si.i«,«^.T...«.«V.. gggj^l^^^gBWEgWKggg

Page 2 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 From the German Scene ADENAUER PLANS VISIT TO ISRAEL According to a statement of Dr. Adenauer's secretariat, the former Chancellor intends to NO EXTENSION OF STATUTE OF GERMANY AND ISRAEL pay a visit to Israel. When he was still in LIMITATIONS office, he had been invited by the then Prime In the Israeli Knesset a Communist charge The Federal German Government has Minister, Mr. Ben-Gurion. He will now make decided not to extend the Statute of Limita­ was rejected to the effect that West German his visit in a private capacity, and hopes that tions for murder to deal with still uncovered scientists were active in Israel in general and his journey will contribute to an improvement Nazi crimes. Under the 20-year statute new " in the nuclear sphere in particular" . Mr. of (jcrman-Israeli relations. prosecutions cannot be launched after May 8 Abba Eban stated there had been occasional SHADOWS OF THE PAST next in the former British and French zones visits to Israel by German scientists within the of Western Germany and after July 1 in the context of an interchange of scientific opinion, Treblinka Trial former American zone. but the Government policy on Germany Ten former S.S. guards accused of com­ In an official statement to the press the plicity in the murder of 700,000 Jews at Government spokesman said that an extension remained unchanged. There was absolutely no parallel between the visits of German Treblinka concentration camp face charges at would contravene Article 103 of the Federal a Diisseldorf trial second only to the Auschwitz Constitution which, according to the legal scientists to Israel and their presence in Egypt, trial in Frankfurt. principle of nulla poena sine lege, prohibits where they were helping to enhance President The main defendants are former S.S. lieuten­ retroactive legislation. It is inten(ied to issue a Nasser's military potential. ants Kurt-Hubert, Franz and Willi Mentz and world-wide appeal for information about Nazi former sergeants August Miete and Gustav criminals whose deeds might so far not yet Questioned about the Israeli denial of Muenzberger. Accused of complicity in mass have come to the knowledge of the German reports that Bonn has provided Israel with murder are former sergeants Otto Stadie, authorities. direct arms aid, official German sources state Heinrich Artur Mattes, Franz Suchomel, Erwin The statement stressed that, whenever that no definite information can be given on Lambert, Otto Horn and Albert Otto Rum. names of suspected Nazi criminals had come to this point. Nine of the accused admitted in court that they the notice of the German authorities, the Dr. Eugen Gerstenmaier, President of the had been employed in the Nazi " mercy necessary legal action had been taken so as to Bundestag, informed a Jewish Chronicle corre­ kiUing " programme and that they had played avoid that the culprits might benefit from the spondent that the West German Parliament a part in the massacres at Treblinka. Only the expiration of the time limit. Such steps had would take action on the activities of German main defendant, Franz, did not make this even been taken against persons who had been scientists in Egypt. An undertaking on the admission, maintaining that he had been only presumed dead in 1945 ; they, too, would be matter had been given to the West German a cook. The admissions by the nine defendants put on trial if they should turn up one day. Opposition, the Social Democrats, said Dr. established for the first time in a war crimes The number of accused Nazi criminals at Gerstenmaier, who is also president of the court that there was a direct link between the present on trial before the German courts Christian Democratic parliamentary group. He " mercy killing" programme and the death amounted to 750, the statement went on. The and his friends in the Bundestag were of the camps. spokesman also said that, during the first post­ opinion that West Germany must " normalise war years, about 5.000 persons had been sen­ her relations with Israel, and by normalisation Anne Frank tenced by the Allied authorities. Later on, the we mean the exchange of Ambassadors, prosecution came under German jurisdiction according to usage among sovereign nations ". The Vienna police inspector, Karl Silber­ and a Central Office in Ludwigsburg was The Bundestag, however, was not empowered bauer, who as a wartime Gestapo officer established to co-ordinate the collection of to decide on the estabUshment of diplomatic arrested Anne Frank in Amsterdam, has been evidence. About 30,000 cases had been investi­ relations. This was the province of the cleared by a police disciplinary committee. gated. Up to January. 1964, 12.882 persons Govemment. The State prosecution authorities had already had been put on trial, of whom 5,445 had been announced that there was insufficient evidence found guilty by the German courts. It has been disclosed that several German to charge Silberbauer with war crimes.—(J.C.) scientists engaged on rocket and aircraft REQUESTS OF JEWS IN GERMANY development in Egypt have returned to West ARREST OF LAWYER Statement of "Zentralrat" Germany to take up similar employment near Munich. More scientists will follow. Cairo The lawyer Dr. Hans Deutsch who, for After its recent Executive Meeting, the reports say that ten German technicians and some years, has been engaged in compensation " Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland " issued engineers connected with Egypt's rocket pro­ claims, has been arrested in Bonn. He is a statement in which it reiterated its demands gramme have left, and that a further 30 will accused of having obtained compensation pay­ for the establishment of diplomatic relations be leaving towards the end of next year, when ments by causing clients of his to make between Germany and Israel and for legislative their contracts expire. About 120 Germans unfounded statements. Vienna-born Dr. measures against the activities abroad of working on aircraft fuselages are also said to Deutsch went to Israel when the Nazis came German armament experts. have left or to be intending to leave at the end to power. He retumed to Europe in con­ EX-PRISONERS OF WAR MEET of this year. nection with numerous compensation claims and took up residence in Lausanne. On October 24, the " Arbeitskreis Feather- stone Park " held its annual rally in Duessel­ GERMANS DEMAND DIPLOMA'HC dorf. The " Arbejtskreis " comprises former RELATIONS WITH ISRAEL German inmates of the Prisoner of War Camp Don't suffer from tlie effects of DRY AIR caused by at Featherstone Park (England), where Cap­ tain H. Sulzbach, now hon. president of the Mass Rally in Cologne Arbeitskreis, served as Education Officer. Its Central-Heating object is the promotion of Anglo-German At a rally under the auspices of the Co­ understanding. The rally was attended by 65 ordinating Committee of the Societies for former prisoners of the camp, including Christian-Jewish Co-operation, held in Cologne several high ranking civil servants of the on October 27, almost all the 1,000 people Federal Foreign Office. The main address was present signed a petition demanding the estab­ given by Mr. Terence Prittie who spoke about lishment of diplomatic relations with Israel. his 16 years' experience as German corre­ In his opening address, Pfarrer Dr. Freuden­ spondent to the " Guardian." The new chair­ berg, who was in the chair, said: " We have to man of the " Arbeitskreis " is Landgerichtsrat restore the nation's name. Israel does not t'ittiHi'it Schedersky, Investigating Judge in the trial need Germany, but we need Israel to make us of the Treblinka Camp staff members. trustworthy." The Deputy Mayor of Cologne. Johannes Giesberts, described the question of diplomatic relations as a matter of conscience which could no longer be kept in abeyance. Gorta Radiovision At the initiative of the Co-ordinating Com­ mittee the collection of signatures was con­ Service tinued after the meeting and, so far. the INSTALL A HUMIDIFIER (.Member R.T.R.A.) petition has been signed by about 20,000 persons. on your Radiator and tw free from an unp;casant 13 Frognal Parade, and unhealthy atmosphere. Finchley Road, N.W.3 TEACHER ORGANlSA-nON'S PLEDGE INEXrENSIVE—NO RUNNING COSTS SALES REPAIRS At its Board Meeting on October 24, the Agents for Bush, Pye, Philips, Ferranti, Federation of German Teachers Associations Ask for details from : Grundig, etc. stressed the obligation of teachers to take a The Humidifier Co. Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week stand against any kind of overt and disgtiised Mr. Gort urill always be pleased to antisemitism. The resolution also protested 25 Bridge Rood, Wembley Park, Middx advise you. against the work of German scientists in Egypt ARNold 7603 (HAM. 8635) and demanded the establishment of German- Israeli diplomatic relations. AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA Jewish Remembrance Parade GOVERNMENT APPOINTMENTS BOARD OF DEPUTIES About 4,000 Jewish ex-Service men and The number of Jewish M.P.s in the House of Review of General Election women attended this year's remembrance Commons is 35. Thirty-three of these are service at the Cenotaph on November 15. For Labour Members and the other two are Con­ At the Board of Deputies first meeting after the summer recess, there was some contro­ the first time, the reviewing officer was a servatives. Two Jewish M.P.s have been given serving Jewish general, Major-General James posts in the new Labour Government. Mr. versy over the omission of Smethwick in the review of the General Election by the chair­ Arthur d'Avigdor-Goldsmid. His brother. Sir John Diamond has been appointed Chief Henry d'Avigdor-Goldsmid, M.P., commanded Secretary, Treasury. Sir Barnett Stross is the man of the defence committee, Mr. John Dight. He referred to the 9 per cent vote which John the party which laid the Ajex wreath at the new Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Cenotaph. The service was conducted by the Health. It has also been announced that Sir Bean, leader of the British National Party, polled in Southall, and the BJ per cent cast Chief Rabbi and by the Senior Jewish Chaplain Andrew Cohen, a former Governor of Uganda, to the Forces, the Rev. Dr. I. Levy. has been appointed Permanent Secretary to for an unknown Independent at Deptford who had stood likewise on a racialist platform. the new Ministry of Overseas Development. Hampstead Communal Centre Sir Solly Zuckerman, chief scientific adviser Some members felt that the Board should to the Ministry of Defence, will also assist the align itself with the expressions of disgust The new £125,000 community centre and Foreign Secretary, Mr. Patrick Gordon Walker, which Smethwick had aroused. classrooms of the Hampstead Synagogue have on scientific aspects of his work. Mr. Dight replied that while he personally been consecrated and opened by the Cliief Professor Hermann Bondi, Professor of would have expressed abhorrence about Rabbi. The Rev. Dr. Isaac Levy, who has Mathematics at King's College (London), has Smethwick, the defence committee was con­ resigned as minister of the synagogue to been appointed chairman of a special com- cerned only with candidates of antisemitic become director of the J.N.F. in Britain, and fnittee to review Britain's defence interests groups. the Rev. C. Lowy, the reader, conducted the in space and to make recommendations about Challenged by several speakers, Mr. Dight service. A tablet to commemorate the occasion future research and development. The com­ corrected his statement and confirmed that was unveiled by Dr. Brodie. mittee has been established by Mr. Denis the Board's policy was, and would continue to Among those present were the Mayor of Healey, Secretary of State for Defence. Pro­ be, to speak out against any form of racial Hampstead, Councillor L. C. Denza, and the fessor Bondi, who was born in Vienna in 1919, discrimination. Mayoress, Mr. Henry Brooke, M.P., and Dame has held the chair of mathematics at King's Barbara Brooke and representatives of the College since 1954. He was one of the guests Statement on Nazi Criminals United Synagogue. at the recent dinner in London of the Friends of the Hebrew University. Referring to the announcement of the Ger­ Promotion of Jewish Leaming FOREIGN-BORN CIVIL SERVANTS man Government, Sir Barnett Janner, M.P., An amount of £100,000, to be spread over stated at the board meeting on November 15 : ten years, has been given to the newly formed In the Adjournment Debate on November 12, " The German Government's legalistic stand­ Dame Irene Ward raised the question of secur­ Society for the Promotion of Jewish Learning point is one which we cannot approve, and we by Sir Isaac and Lady Wolfson. Sir Isaac is ity in regard to personal appointments, one to call upon the Federal German authorities to the Prime Minister and one to the Chancellor the life president of the Society and the Chief reconsider the possibility of amending the Rabbi is the president. A special trust to of the Exchequer by which, in her view, the Federal German Constitution for this purpose." Regulation had been waived that no one of administer the gift is to be established. The foreign birth should be appointed to any of Society will now be enabled to embark on an the departments dealing with various aspects JOBS DISCRMINATION ambitious programme of public lectures, for the purpose of which distinguished scholars of the Services and covered by the security Mr. Maurice Orbach, M.P., secretary of the i"egulations. The regulation, she stated, was from Israel and the United States, as well as Trades Advisory Council, who has concerned from this country, will be invited. embodied by the Civil Service Commissioners himself for several decades with discrimination after the episode of Dr. Fuchs. in employment, states that a Jewish executive In his reply Mr. Niall MacDermot, Financial will very rarely be found in any of the major Temporary Shelter Secretary to the Treasury, said that as industries in this country. There are, he said, The annual meeting of the Jews' Temporary naturalised British subjects both Dr. Balogh none at all in the nationalised industries. Few Shelter was told that the previous year had and Mr. Kaldor had been eligible for their Jews are recruited for executive posts and ended with a deficit of £5,000. An appeal was appointments as temporary civil servants. In fewer still remain. The worst offenders, said made to the Anglo-Jewish community to sup­ fact naturalised British subjects were also Mr. Orbach, are American firms, several of eligible for appointment for the established whom required all prospective employees to port the Shelter so that its work could go on. staff of Civil Service. The access to secret state their religion—something unknown in Papers was a matter quite distinct from the this country. This practice is being gradually Young Ajex Jiationality rules, because the principle was eliminated. More than a hundred young Jewish people ihat no one, whatever his origin, was allowed over the age of 18 enrolled at the formation access to classified information unless the head A.J.A. ON ARAB BOYCOTT AND of a Leeds Young Ajex. The vice-president of °f his department was satisfied that he could BRITISH ELECTIONS Leeds Ajex, Mr. S. R. Saffman, explained how be trusted and he was subject to the necessary Ajex, by vigilance, had kept Leeds compara­ security inquiries. A special consideration, tively quiet. Although Jews formed a vfsry he Went on, arose in the case of persons of Mr. Maurice Edelman, M.P., president of the large percentage of the population, because of alien origin in case they may be liable to Anglo-Jewish Association, at a meeting of the lack of legislation against racial incitement pressure, for example, through having relatives the A.J.A. Council, expressed the hope that the the organisation had to operate within a 'behind the Iron Curtain. Each case was con­ new Government would resolutely tackle the limited framework. The young people would sidered on its merits. With regard to Dr. boycott issue and its side effects, which were be trained so that Jews should not be left oalogh and Mr. Kaldor, Mr. MacDermot prejudicial to Jews and injurious to Britain's defenceless. reminded the House that both had rendered reputation and interests. distinguished service to the country of their Speaking of the General Election, he said Soup Kitchen Adoption. that apart from Smethwick and Southall, the When the matter was raised again on Novem- vast majority of candidates chose not to make The Soup Kitchen for the Jewish Poor °^r 17, the Prime Minister, Mr. Wilson, said : capital out of racialism in any form. Yet it marked its 110th anniversary with a dinner, at I very much deprecate some of the statements would be wrong to imagine that racialism had which the Earl of Harewood was guest of • . reflecting on the loyalty of some advisers been exorcised by disregard. It failed to win honour. Mr. Louis Mintz, the Kitchen's presi­ "1 respect of whom the security proceedings electoral support because it was blanketed by dent, was in the chair, and other guests ^ould not have been more thorough and who general interest. included Lord Boothby, Lord Bearsted, Mr. nave given very good service to this country." Charles Clore and Mr. E. Alec Colman. Lord The number of members of the Jewish faith Harewood said that the Soup Kitchen worked FIRE AT LONDON YESHFVA had increased, Mr. Edelman said, but not as a not so much for refugees now but to help the result of a " Jewish vote ". They had been old and homeless who had no families and to ..A 15-year-old Yeshiva student. Wolf Katz, selected and elected by their fellow-citizens of assist those who were not British subjects and ?ied in a fire at the Yeshiva Talmudic College all faiths and as due and proper representa­ who could not draw old age pensions. {P Cazenove Road, North London. Another tives. Mr. Edelman took exception to a state­ ^y was seriously injured when he leapt forty ment by a Sunday newspaper that the Jewish 'eet from a top-floor window. Firemen rescued community had done well out of the General Rubinstein Concert ^ven others trapped by the flames. Election with one M.P. to every 17,000 Jews. An amount of about £10,000 gross was raised " There is no Numerus Clausus in the British RACIAL DISCRIMINATION BILL at a recital given by Artur Rubinstein, the Constitution, and men are judged by the public pianist, at Guildhall. London, in aid of the The Government has announced its decision service they render. The newly elected M.P.s Israel Philharmonic Orchestra. At a reception g*. take action against racial discrimination. A of the Jewish faith and those who elected them preceding the recital, the pianist was described **ill to outlaw racial discrimination and incite- will, I am sure, treat this piece of journalistic as " the father" of the orchestra since the ''lent to race hatred will be introduced as soon malevolence with an appropriate contempt", death of Bronislaw Hubermann, who founded ^s possible. Mr. Edelman added. it in 1936. ^HSii •••Ss.'SmKKlBf. JT, IWSt-i '-^^'•^"^"^''"'^"'^^

Page 4 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 NEWS FROM ABROAD EASTERN EUROPE Kruschev's Departure SOUTH AFRICAN JEWRY SWITZERLAND Maitre Andr6 Blumel, the former president " Anticom", a newsletter issued by the Egyptian Arms Dealer of the French Zionist Federation and president inter-church commission of the Dutch The President of Switzerland, Herr Ludwig of the France-U.S.S.R. Association, has stated Reformed Churches of South Africa, carried von Moos, was questioned at a meeting of the that Jews have no reason to regret Mr. articles about Jews being behind the world Swiss Federal Council, the national Parlia­ Khruschev's dismissal from office and that Communist movement. ment, about the measures taken by the there are hopes that Mr. Leonid Brezhnev will After denying that the D.R.C. was antisemi­ authorities to deal with the presence of take a more favourable attitude to the problem tic. Dr. J. D. Vorster, actuary of the biggest former Nazis and an Egyptian arms dealer, of Soviet treatment of her three million Jews. Dutch Reformed Church, has now alleged that Hassan Sayed Kamil, in the country. In an exclusive interview with a Jewish the great majority of people named as Com­ Herr von Moos said that Kamil was not Chronicle correspondent, Maitre Blumel, who munists by the Government of South Africa exporting war materials from Switzerland and has paid many visits to Russia and met many are Jewish. Dr. Vorster also described the there was no cause, at this juncture, for Russian leaders, revealed the details of talks tendency towards better relations between the expelling him. Investigations had shown that he had with Mr. Alexis Adzhubei, Mr. Roman Catholic Church and the Jews as a he had contracts with the Cairo Government to Khruschev's son-in-law and at that time editor "direct attack on the Christian faith". He deliver industrial equipment. It was probable of " Izvestia". Mr. Adzhubei told him that criticised Israel for training " pro-Communist" that these items were used in the assembly of neither his father-in-law nor he were anti­ Congolese paratroopers and for implementing military aircraft—but they could not be called semitic. But Maitre Blumel was forced to economic sanctions against South Africa, say­ war material. The questioner declared him­ the conclusion that Khruschev " either did ing that such actions gave people ideas which self only partly satisfied by this answer and not want or was not capable of an effective could be used against the Jews. said that further constitutional measures struggle against the scourge of antisemitism, In an editorial after Dr. Vorster's state­ should be taken to prevent the indirect mainly prevalent in the Ukraine ". ments, the South African Jewish Times said: exports of arms from Switzerland (there is a The French-Jewish leader emphasised that " South African Jewry will uphold the demo­ Swiss law prohibiting the export of weapons antisemitism was by no means limited to the cratic right of each and every Jewish citizen to the Middle East). Ukraine. Although the Soviet Government to decide public issues for himself, without could not be accused of antisemitism, " there intemal communal dictation."—(J.C.) Herr von Moos also dealt with the position are officials and Communist Party members of Nazis who had sought refuge or residence who are antisemites ". in Switzerland. He listed five individual cases, FEW NAZIS IN AUSTRALIA including that of Hans-Walter Zech-Nenntwich Lord Russell on Treatment of A report of the Australian security intelli­ and Hans Globke. All these people were no gence organisation was quoted in the Austra­ longer in Switzeriand.—(J.C.) Soviet Jews lian Senate. It was stated that on June 26 this year the membership of the Australian "WAR CRIMES HISTORIAN" "It will be unfortunate for both the Soviet Union and the Jewish people if something is National Socialist Party appeared to be slightly Paul Rassinier, a self-styled " war crimi^s above 60. Its present membership is esti­ not quickly done to accord dignity and justice historian," has lost an action for libel in Paris. to Soviet Jews". This was stated by Lord mated not to exceed 100. Rassinier sued M. Bernard Lecache, director of Russell in reply to a letter sent to him bV Le Droit de Vivre, the organ of the Inter­ Mr. Aron Vergelis, editor of the Soviet-Jewish FIFTEEN JEWS IN HOUSE OF national League Against Racialism and Anti­ journal " Sovietish Heimland ". He reminded REPRESENTATIVES semitism, alleging defamation for publishing Mr. Vergelis that the Communist parties in an article attacking him for his theories and Italy, France, Canada, Scandinavia, Australia Fifteen candidates elected to the United describing him as an agent of the " Nazi and elsewhere have publicly criticised anti­ States House of Representatives are Jews. Six International". He contends that the Nazi semitic literature in the U.S.S.R., discrimina­ new Jewish Representatives were added to the " Final Solution " of the Jewish problem did tion against the Jewish religion and the nine already serving who were re-elected. not mean the extermination of European depredation of Jewish culture. While in With three Senators of Jewish faith continuing Jewry. Britain Jews could decide for themselves if their terms and not up for election this year, The verdict stated that M. Rassinier, by a they wished to assimilate, what form that the total number of 18 Jews simultaneously in systematic campaign, had defended theses iden­ assimilation should take and in what way Congress is the highest figure in the history tical with those of the Nazis and had put they should express their interests as Jews, of the nation. himself in a position of legitimate suspicion they had not a comparable choice within the of treason to the Resistance. framework of Soviet society. Neither did they JEW IN DANISH GOVERNMENT have opportunities equal to those of other FRENCH COMMUNISTS ON ANTISEMITISM Soviet nationalities. " Authority imposes upon Mr. Henry Griinbaum has been appointed them conditions of assimilation in which they Danish Minister for Economic Affairs and A conference of editors of Jewish Com­ have virtually no choice but submission,', Relations with Norway, Sweden and Finland, Lord Russell wrote. in Mr. Jens Otto Krag's new Social Democratic munist papers in the West, pledged " vigilance Government. He is the first Jew to become a towards all manifestations of antisemitism and member of a Danish Government since the discrimination" and a determination " to London Visit of Slovakian Rabbi First World War. unmask hatred of Jews and combat it with the greatest energy, wherever and in whatever The Chief Rabbi of Slovakia, Rabbi Elias The son of a shoemaker, Mr. Griinbaum, 53, form it makes its appearance ". started as an engraver but afterwards became Katz, visited London at the invitation of the The editors were participating in the two- Chief Rabbi, Dr. Israel Brodie. Rabbi Katz a journalist and then head of the economic day tenth national conference of the " Neue department of the Danish Workers' and said that Slovakia's 9,000 Jews, with few Presse " (the Paris Yiddish Communist paper) exceptions, have maintained their Jewishness Specialist Workers' Union. During the German held in Paris. They admitted that a policy of occupation of Denmark he was a member of and have not attempted to assimilate, in con­ blind acceptance of the Moscow line could no trast with Jews in some other East European the special branch of the Danish Liberty move­ longer be followed. A number of French- ment in Sweden. countries. Jewish life generally, he said, was Jewish (Communist leaders who also addressed in a tolerably good state and Jewish insti­ the conference adopted the same attitude. tutions of all kinds exist and are used. There DUTCH WAR CRIMINALS was no overt antisemitism in Slovakia today- ROME REMEMBERS The Dutch Minister of Justice has rejected appeals for the release from prison of the last A special ceremony in the heart of the Antisemite Gaoled four German war criminals. Three of the ancient Roman Jewish quarter commemorated men were found guilty of mass war crimes the deportation of many of Italy's Jews by the The municipal court at Legnica (formerly against the Jews during the German occupa­ Nazis. A memorial was unveiled at the spot Liegnitz) in western Poland has sentenced a tion of Holland. The fourth was one of the where German lorries stopped m October, 1943, Pole to 14 months' imprisonment for shouting leaders of Amersfoort concentration camp. to take on 2,091 Jews who were deported. antisemitic slogans at two Jews while drunk. Death sentences were passed on the men by Only 101 returned. The Germans deported The public prosecutor asked the court to a Dutch court, but were later commuted to 8,000 Italian Jews altogether. A further 2,000 impose a heavy sentence to serve as a waming Jews fought with the Italian partisans. that antisemitism must be eradicated from life imprisonment. among the Polish people.

Polish Appoinment G L EDGAR ELECTRICAL i.d The Polish Government has appointed Mr- Joseph Olszewski a pre-war Jewish member CONTRACTORS and SUPPLIERS of the Polish Communist Party, as deputy chairman of the State Planning Commission. Mr. Olszewski is a member of the Polish Com- 65 MILL LANE, N.W.6 HAM 8000 muiust Party's Central Committee.

r^y AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 5 GENEALOGY OF A JEWISH FAMILY Old Acquaintances The Descendants of Herz Anschel Milestonet: Just 75 years ago Hauptmann's Siegfried M. Auerbach, who has established Three branches of the family left for South " Vor Sonnenaufgang" and Sudermann's his reputation as a leading genealogist by the Africa before 1933. One couple, a grand­ " Ehre " had their first nights at Berlin's now publication of his works on the descendants of daughter of the progenitor and her husband, defunct Lessing-Theater.—Forty years ago his father's paternal and maternal grand- emigrated to that country shortly after their Max Reinhardt opened the Komoedie at Parents, Rabbi Abraham and Ester Rebecca marriage in 1895. Their two children were Berlin's Kurfeurstendamm with his own pro­ Auerbach, of Bonn, and Moritz and Elise born in Johannesburg. Due to the outbreak duction of Goldoni's " Diener zweier Herren ", Loewenthal, of Ladenburg, has now presented of the Boer War the family returned to starring Hermann and Helene Thimig, Gustav Us with the genealogy of the descendants of Cologne. There, the husband died in 1942, but Waldau and Dagny Servaes.—Rudolf Forster his mother's maternal grandparents, Herz and his widow was deported shortly afterwards and has celebrated his SOth birthday in Aussee. Sophia Anschel. The work at the same time perished in Theresienstadt. Only the children We remember him best in Wedekind and covers the descendancy of his mother's survived by re-emigration. Sternheim plays on the stage and as Elisabeth paternal grandparents, Wilhelm and Hendel Two other granddaughters of the progenitor Bergner's partner on the screen. He went into Classen, whose only other child with issue was also emigrated to South Africa in the 1890s exile but returned from Hollywood shortly married to another daughter of Herz Anschel. and married Lithuanian Jewish immigrants before the war broke out.—Heinrich Eduard Thus, the Anschel genealogy concludes the over there. One of the couples also settled in Jacob, who was born in Berlin and started his author's research work into the descendants Cologne after the outbreak of the Boer War; career with " Die Zwanzigjaehrigen", is 75. of his four couples of great-grandparents. however, in 1910, together with their children, For years he was Austrian correspondent of the The Anschels were an outright Western they went back to South Africa. One of their Berliner Tageblatt; with his books on the German family, concentrated in the Rhine- South African-born grandsons settled in Israel; histories of coffee and of bread he invented land, but also spread over other districts and he is the only descendant of the family who the so-called " Sachbuch ". cities, especially Frankfurt. The progenitor, lives in that country, but he did not go there Herz Anschel (1779-1847), son of Anschel as a refugee. The other couple stayed in A'eic» from Everywhere: Elisabeth VOn Molo, I^eutz and Jachet Blau, was a schoolmaster in South Africa for 17 years; however, in 1913, a granddaughter of Alexander Moissi, will be Bonn. His wife, Sophia (1791-1862), was the after the husband's death, the widow and tlie in Gottfried Beinhardt's "A Gift from daughter of Coppel Bingen and Dona Cahn- children returned to Germany. When the Heaven ", starring Alec Guinness, and currently Wallerstein. The couple had twelve children, Nazis came to power, she and one of her sons in production on the Continent.—Elisabeth hut seven of them left no descendants and the went to the U.S.A. The other son first went Bergner successfully appeared in " The Mad remaining five had altogether 16 children. to England and, after the war, to South Africa, Woman of Chaillot" at Duesseldorf.—Hans Thus, the numerical decline which in most his country of birth. Wallenberg, son of the late editor of B.Z. am families begins at a time which corresponds to The migrations of these three branches are Mittag, resigned as editor of the Hamburg the third or fourth generation of the Anschel interesting from a general point of view. Even Welt to become director of Ullstein in Berlin. family, starts at a comparatively early stage. these voluntary pre-1933 emigrants considered —In his published diary of the filming of Contrary to the Auerbach family, whose Germany as their homeland, to which they " My Fair Lady" Cecil Beaton disclosed the members included several well-known rabbis returned for one reason or another. Two of unsuccessful attempt by producer G. Cukor to and other public figures, the Anschels were them managed to leave the country again after engage Fritzi Massary : her agent asked for just ordinary people whose lives and careers the Nazis had come to power, and the third too much money, he writes.—In Ziirich, Roma Were not known outside their private circles. perished in a concentration camp. Bahn played " Elektra " directed by Lindtberg. Yet this makes the genealogy even more Another interesting element of the typical of an average German-Jewish family. genealogy is the fact that also after their Obituary: Actor Bernhard Goetzke, who was . Of those family members who were resident emigration many descendants married girls in Fritz Lang's " Der muede Tod ", " Nibelun­ in Germany when the Nazis seized power, not who were of their own German-Jewish back­ gen " and " Dr. Mabuse", died half-forgotten less than 21 per cent perished. The circum­ ground. On the other hand, there are also in Berlin at the age of 81.—Dr. Sven von stances under which this happened also reflect instances of mixed marriages. One descendant Mueller, a former Ullstein journalist and the innumerable tragedies during that period. who now lives in New York married a James husband of the late Mady Christians, has died We are told of one descendant who had to Kelley II (son of James Kelley I), and, in in Hamburg.—Seventy-two-year-old I. G. Gold­ leave her birth town of Xanten in 1938, when true American fashion, their child is James smith, a film producer in Berlin and in London, *e was 86, and joined her daughters in Kelley IIL who was married to authoress Vera Caspary, .Frankfurt; in 1941 she broke her hip and died has died in Beverly Hills.—^Willi Bredel, the "1 the Jewish Hospital, having seen her Several descendants and their spouses prominent East German author, died in East uaughters deported. In another case a couple changed their names after emigration. One Berlin at the age of 63. *ith a ten-year-old daughter emigrated to who was born in Dresden came to England Prague in 1933. In 1939 the parents escaped with a children's transport and now bears the Germany: Walter Mehring gave a reading of jmd came to Britain via Sweden. However, English name of his foster parents who adopted his poems in Berlin.—Darmstadt will have an \he girl, who had been sent to her grandmother him. exhibition of the works of Alfred Kerr.—Fritz 'n Frankfurt in 1938 and who was to join her These few examples may help to show that Kortner, whose play " Die Zwiesprache " was Parents again in London, was deported because family genealogies are not only a matter of produced at Vienna's Akademie-Theater, will ^he U.K. visa did not come through before war private interest for the persons to whom they direct " Macbeth " with Elisabeth Bergner as oroke out. refer but are also important contributions to Lady Macbeth at Berlin's Volksbuehne.—Curt Of the 44 persons who emigrated after 1933, an all-round assessment of German Jewry in Riess has completed his biography of the late ^one went to Palestine. This is certainly the past as well as after its dispersion. Max Alsberg. surprising for a family with comparatively Needless to say, the Anschel genealogy strong Jewish leanings. Nowadays, most has been presented by the author with the Home Neurs: Vicky, the well-known cartoon­ J^erman-Jewish families, including many who, same accuracy and clear exposition by which ist, has married Berlin-born Inge Lew.— before 1933. were indifferent to Jewry and his previous genealogies excelled. Frederic Gotfurt adapted "The Brothers "•udaism, have branches in Israel. W. BOSENSTOCK. Karamasov " for TV, and BBC-2 will start the series on December 12.—Bernard Grun has completed " Kulturgeschichte des Lachens ". —Egon Larsen co-produced a feature about refugees in London with Richard Friedenthal, Feuchtwanojer (London) Ltd. C. Aronsfeld and the Gotfurts for Bavarian TV.—An inaugural meeting to mark the open­ Bankers ing of a German Primary School was recently held at the German Institute in London. BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C2 V.S..4.: Fritz Kortner's son, Peter, is produc­ Telephone: METropolitan 8151 ing the TV series "Diamond Head" in the " Screen Gems" series.—Hans Brahm is Representing: director of " Final Performance" on TV for Hitchcock.—Eric Pommer's son, John, is I. L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. j FEUCHTWANGER CORPORA-nON producing the TV series " Slattery's People ". TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA | 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. PEM .«.,E....««»«a^:>^.^^ m ^'^'^^'•^^•^

Page e AJR INFORMATION December, 1964

A. Rosenberg F. Friedlander IN MEMORY OF FRITZ STAHL Art Reviews Centenary of the Art Critic's Birth Among the prominent Jewish men of letters 25th EXmBI-nON OF OLD MASTERS iniquities of this world. Yellow and blue are who lived and worked in Germany Fritz Stahl here the predominant colours (as also in other will always be remembered. Born as Siegfried Alfred Brod Gallery paintings). The hair is dishevelled and glow­ Lilienthal on December 10, 1864, at Rosen­ ing as if it were set on fire. This is expres­ thal, a little town in the former Province of A 25th exhibition is a jubilee, an occasion West Prussia, he was fortunate inasmuch as he for celebration, or at least for remembrance, sionism with a vengeance. The self-portrait of 1963 is still very far from the melancholy grew up in an epoch which offered Jewish for looking back. intellectuals the relatively best chances that The founder and managing director of the cahn of 1928, but the artist ostensibly has regained a certain composure. There is still they ever had in Germany. Gallery, Mr. Alfred Brod, was born in Fuerth Though passionately drawn to the beautiful in 1914. He started collecting pictures at an some turbulence but not denunciation and despair. world of art, his outlook was not restricted to early age. His first painting was a Jacob it: in his formative years he was deeply Ruysdael from the James Simon Collection. He These self-portraits are typical of the development of Mrs. Meidner's style. In her influenced by the eminent philosopher built his collection round this first acquisition Wilhelm Dilthey as well as by the no less and thus specialised in Dutch art. early years her landscapes, portraits and still- lifes acquire an almost classical quality eminent historian Karl Lamprecht. Writing During the war friends would ask his advice under the pen-name of Fritz Stahl, he held about the pictures they should buy. If he sug­ through their composition and quiet colouring. Later on, after the catastrophe of 1933, her the journalistic key position of an art critic gested a certain painting they thought he was of the Berliner Tageblatt. getting a commission on it. If he discouraged palette becomes much brighter, almost feverish. Endowed with a comprehensive knowledge them they thought he wanted the work for of the history of European art as well as with himself or was just being spiteful. So what The drawings are a most pleasing feature of the exhibition. a strong understanding of its true aesthetic could he do ? He discussed this seemingly values, Stahl became one of the most esteemed insoluble dilemma with the director of the and influential art critics in the Germany of Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam who suggested AN OUTSTANDING NONAGENARIAN his time. He ardently admired the great quite a simple solution : " Sell pictures Visit to Eugene Spiro tradition, created by the leading masters of yourself ! " European art, and in consequence of it was In 1951 Alfred Brod founded his own gallery " I know of your interest in art. Wouldn't most critical of those modern art movements in Sackville Street. you like to met Eugene Spiro ? He lives in which resulted in the distortion of the human " Being an art dealer is a way of life ", says the same building." figure and in the transformation of the visible Mr. Brod. " In spite of all the difficulties it This invitation was given to me in Westside, world into unrecognisable " abstract" forms. gives joy and fills you with physical and New York, and I accepted with alacrity. Long In this respect, his views were in agreement mental energy." ago, in Berlin, I had seen some of Eugene with the aesthetic credo of one of his Yet an art dealer could not exist without his Spiro's portraits. I remembered how great contemporaries, Bernard Berenson, the out­ clientele. The Alfred Brod Gallery numbers was the respect he enjoyed with his colleagues, standing art historian of Jewish extraction. famous persons and museums among its who had elected him President of the Berlin However, those radicals who decried Fritz clientele. One day a very well-known tycoon Secession. The Prussian Government had Stahl as a hopelessly " conservative " opponent entered the premises and inquired after a appointed him Professor at the Academy of of the avant-garde of modern art did not do certain canvas which had been recommended Arts. I wondered how the famous man had him justice, for he was only opposed to to him. He was told that it cost £10,000. withstood the ill wind of fortune and what was extremist and ultra-modern tendencies of art. Horrified, he left the Gallery empty-handed— left of his personality, shorn of so many Apart from this, he was principally in favour he had been told on the best authority that honours. A " mighty lot", I can assure you. of all modern art up to the Post-Impressionists. no worth-while painting was obtainable for It was Spiro who lead the conversation and under £20,000 ! not his much younger guests. In April, 1964, Author of Monographs About a year ago Mr. Brod almost hit the he celebrated his 90th birthday. Not much Fortunately, Fritz Stahl was also able to headlines of the City press. In Hampstead, later he was off to Switzerland for a holiday. make time available for writings independent among piles of junk and antiques in an art He showed me small oil paintings he had of his journalistic work. He interested him­ dealer's premises, he found a bronze bell with executed there which were technically per­ self in the physiognomic aspects of portrait- the painting of a portrait. The learned finder fect, firm in composition and brilliant in painting and published comparative studies like decided that this must be a painting by Frans colouring. " Wie sah Goethe aus ? ", " Wie sah Bismarck Hals, possibly a self-portrait. Its value should The Master feels and complains that our aus ? ", etc. Furthermore, city planning and be about £30,000. modern age almost rejects him because he its bearing on architecture occupied his mind. This, however, is not the only " lucky dip " does not and cannot make any concessions to While his monograph, " Potsdam—Eine Bio­ of this successful and knowledgeable dealer abstract or other most modern schools of art. graphie ", testified to his attachment to the and art-lover. It would be indiscreet to reveal Nature has been his guiding light—in his land- creative element of the Prussian spirit, his more details. iscapes as in his portraits—and he is not subsequent monographs, "Paris—Eine Stadt Out of sheer selfishness we wish Alfred Brod prepared to change the essence of his als Kunstwerk " and " Rom—Das Gesicht der many more exhibitions : they delight us each philosophy and artistic expression. Ewigen Stadt", showed how deeply his mind time anew. was rooted in the tradition of the great Euro­ As a matter of fact, the world has not pean civilisation. rejected him completely. Mr. Spiro gave me ELSE MEIDNER EXHIBITION As a summary of his life's work he published the catalogue of an exhibition of his works in in 1927 the comprehensive book, "Weg zur Visiting a "one-man show", we try to New York in honour of his birthday. It Kunst—Einfuhrung in Kunst und Kunst­ discover the artist's character, what makes contains the photograph of a self-portrait, geschichte ", which was designed to introduce him " tick ". In this connection it is fascinat­ painted only recently, which shows a wonder­ the reader to the basic concepts of aesthetic ing and revealing to look at three of Mrs. ful technical and spiritual maturity. judgment as well as to the main features of Meidner's self-portraits, displayed at her In this same one-man show could be seen the epochs of art history from ancient Egypt recent exhibition at Ben Uri Art Gallery. portraits of Nahum Goldmann (1962) and of to the European Rococo. In his view, Michel­ The first dates from 1928. As if from behind Manfred George (1963). Do you know of angelo and Rembrandt were the greatest and a veil, a young woman is gazing at the world anybody—except Titian—who was so creative most subjective masters ; of the latter's " Saul with sad and questioning eyes : her look is at such an age ? and David " he wrote that " die Farbe nicht outward and inward at the same time. The When the evening wore on, Mr. Spiro mehr nur bildnerisches Ausdrucksmittel ist, outlines are more adumbrated than clearly fetched a series of beautiful colour photo­ sondern sich wie die Musik unmittelbar und drawn. This is a soft and lyrical work. graphs of the series of Jewish prophets which erschiitternd an die Seele wendet". There could not be a greater contrast he began at the age of 85. This subject had He had planned another magnum optts about between the aforementioned work and the self- been suggested to him and with great the development of modem European art, but portrait dated 1961. Much had happened enthusiasm he started studying the Bible. I before he could write it he died in Berlin on m those 33 years affecting the life of a shall never forget with what feeling, under­ August 9, 1928. However, a thoughtful manu­ refugee from Germany. In this portrait much standing and humour he told us the story of script on Rembrandt was found in his literary purposeful distortion is evident; the face is Jonah and the whale. The paintings of the estate and read to Berlin Radio listeners by dominated by large eyes and a very big mouth prophets reflect movingly his deep insight into his second son, Reinhold. Whether it was that, we imagine, can yell and cry out the that past of our Jewish history. published afterwards, we do not know. AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 7 Erich Gottgetreu (Jerusalem) fragt Tucholsky die Herausgeber des anti­ semitischen Lexikons und fahrt fort:".... In seiner engen Ichbezogenheit, in seiner ewigen ZUM THEMA DES JUEDISCHEN SELBSTHASSES Empfindlichkeit, die ihn aufschreien lasst, wenn ihm einmal einer die Wahrheit sagt; in seinem Der Fall Tucholsky versus Tucholsky Aberglauben, welcher annimmt, der, der schneller denkt, sei kliiger als der, der langsam denkt; in seiner wahnwitzigen Eitelkeit, die Die viertausend Seiten dicke Gesamtausgabe schlecht, mehrere seiner Biographen weisen besonders fiir Deutschlands Fluren die jiidische aes schrifsteUerischen und journalistischen darauf hin. Kraus hat mit seinen Eltern wohl Klugheit nur aus einem Grunde hat statuieren werkes Tucholskys, die in drei Baenden bei weit mehr Glueck gehabt; aber von Harden konnen : weil die anderen meist noch diimmer Kowohlt erschienen ist, und dazu noeh die wissen wir nach seinem eignen Zeugnis, wie sind. An der Levante oder gegenUber den tuenfhundert Seiten Briefe, die als Band IV sehr er seinen Vater hasste, von dem die Schotten hat der Jude nichts zu melden — die nachfolgten, sind im hoechsten Grade biblio- Mutter sich nach vieljaehriger Qual schliesslich stecken ihn alle Tage in den Sack des Handels. thekswert. Mit sicherem Gefuehl fuer alles scheiden liess; und auch Theodor Lessing . . . Ach, ihr ahnungslosen Esel! Welch ein Wesentliche und Halbwesentliche, wobei das stand mit dem als Tyrannen empfundenen jammervoUer Antisemitismus ist das ! " Halbgelungene eben auch zu einer repraesenta- Vater auf Kriegsfuss. uven Auswahl gehoert, vermitteln die beiden Den Ostjudenkomplex hat Tucholsky schon Als einziger von dieser Gruppe ist Lessing wahrend seines Kriegsaufenthals in Rumanien aerausgeber, Franz J. Raddatz und Mary im spaeteren Alter auf glaenzende Weise mit ^erold-Tucholsky, im Ausgewaehlten den und im Baltikum bekommen ; es waren damals dem Problem des Juedischen Selbsthasses eine ganze Reihe deutscher Juden an ihm eanzen Tucholsky. Dass dieser produktivste fertig geworden, indem er dem Thema ein ailer Sturm-und Drangautoren der deutschen erkrankt, wahrend auf andere wie Arnold ganzes Buch widmete; wenn er auch an Zweig, Hermann Struck und Jakob Steinhardt vornazi-Jahre mit seiner ungluecklichen und anderen, einschliesslich Maximilian Harden, uaerwidert gebliebenen Liebe zu Deutschland die KriegsberUhmng mit dem Ostjudentum exemplifizierte, so war es doch eine Art eine durchaus positive Wirkung hatte und zu ais ein direkter Nachfahre Heinrich Heines tiefschuerfender Selbstanalyse. Harden, Kraus anzusprechen ist, wurde schon oft gesagt—so dem grossen Erlebnis der nationaljUdischen und Tucholsky blieben viel laenger in ihrem Selbstbesinnung fUhrte. Seiner Frau Mary Mt, dass dieses Heine-Tucholsky-Gleichnis Selbsthass befangen, bis es Harden erst nach ?chon ein Klischee geworden ist. Aber wie wollte Tucholsky dauerad beweisen, er gehore dem Mordanschlag auf ihn selbst (1922), nicht zu den Juden, er habe mit ihnen garnichts ledes Klischee ist auch dieses flach und Tucholsky und Kraus sogar erst in den Jahren einseitig. Erstens war Tucholsky nicht weniger zu schaffen. In einem Brief, den er ihr im nach der "Machtergreifung" durch die Nazis November 1918 aus Berlin schreibt, macht er 6111 guter Schueler Lichtenbergs, hatte etwas das spottende Wort verschlug. ^om Feuer der jungen Genies der Kleist—und sich uber die "Judenmamas" auf dem Kur­ Noch etwas anderes fallt in diesem Zusam­ furstendamm lustig (". . . Rasse ist nicht viel ouechnerlinie, und da er ein leidenschaftlicher menhang auf. Alle vier Pro to typen des dabei. Nein, diese Frauen mag man gar­ oerUner war, sah seine Werkstatt manchmal jiidischen Selbsthasses hatten ihre beabsich­ nicht ") ; und da ist ein Brief vom Oktober auch wie eine Glasbrennerei aus. tigte Lossagung vom Judentum durch die 1919 aus Berlin, in dem es heisst: ". . . und .Die Anordnung der drei Baende ist Taufe dokumentiert — Lessing machte sie nur einer verdient Geld, viel Geld, unerhortes mstorisch genau—Stueck um Stueck kommt, allerdings spater formell wieder riickgangig, Geld: der Kaufmann, der etwas zum Handeln wie es erschien. So laesst sich hier das Leben Kraus blieb dem Katholizismus verbunden, hat. Also, das, was der Jude in Kurland macht ; ablesen, als waere das Ganze eine Biographie. Harden und Tucholsky waren beide protestan- Waren, die andre produzieren, hin und her ^le zeigt die schnelle Entwicklung nach links. tisch geworden. Es waren in alien vier Fallen ^-s war fuer einen nach Gerechtigkeit stre- schieben ..." Jugendentschliisse gewesen — sicher ganz Das Unbehagen gegenuber dem OstjUdischen oenden jungen aufgeweckten Antinationalisten ehrlich gemeinte. Bemerkenswert ist dabei und Antimilitaristen der ersten Jahre der bleibt. So schreibt er im Jahre 1925 aus Paris noch, dass Tucholsky, nachdem er schon 1911, an Kate KUhl: " ... Eine grosse Enttauschung Republik ziemlich schwer, von den extremen als Einundzwanzigjahriger, aus dem Judentum Utopien der radikalen sozialistischen Ideen- habe ich hinter mir: Isa Kremer, eine durch ausgetreten war, mit dem Uebertritt zum Amerika beruhmt gewordene Judin aus iraeger nicht hingerissen zu sein—sie verhies- Christentum noch fiinf Jahre wartete. Er voll­ l^n das Heraufkommen eines messianischen Odessa, sie hat hier ein Konzert gegeben. Na— zog ihn erst 1916, in dem Jahr, in dem er in schrecklich judisch, alles hat nach Grieben ^ndzustandes und schienen das erforder­ Kurland Mary Gerold kennengelernt hatte, die Uche Beweismaterial in den Aktentaschen zu geschmeckt, altmodisch—a Zustand . . .". er 1924 heiratete. Nicht, dass sich Tucholsky fur die Kunst Isa naben. Diese Linksneigung einfach als Es ist wie bittere Ironie auf das Dasein und internationalistisch-juedisch" zu beschreiben, Kremers begeistern solle, weil sie vor allem Schaffen Kurt Tucholskys, dass die ihm jUdische Elemente enthait, aber dass er sich ^e es in diffamatorischer Absicht vom ersten literarisch am besten gelungene Figur eine Wachrevolutionstage an die nationalistischen gerade das, was er als " Griebenkultur" jiidische wurde : Herr Wendriner. Die Mono- bezeichnet, herausgreift, um es mit einer Spott- 'Y'eise in Deutschland taten, war, soweit es loge dieser der Wirklichkeit abgesehenen, in ^cht nur propagandistisch sein sollte, recht lauge zu bespritzen, das ist to typisch. Selbst Scherz-Satire-Ironie- und tieferer Bedeutung Maximilian Harden hat in jenen Jahren, in ^urzsichtig. Im Gegenteil, sobald die Philo­ nachgebildeten Berliner Grossistengestalt, die sophic des marxistischen Humanismus sich zur denen er garnicht antisemitisch genug sein solch hanebiichenen und von ihr doch so konnte, Zeit gefunden, die "Chassidischen i^oktrin erhaertete, sobald auf dem Schlacht- ernstgemeinten Unsinn zusammenredet, dass feld der Meinungskaempfe Terroristengruppen man die Hausvogteiplatzangst bekommen kann Continued on page 8, column 1 auftauchten und ihre Fuehrer beweisen woll- —diese Monologe sollen die ganze jiidische ^^u, dass nur mit Gewalt der Sieg des Bourgeoisie aufspiessen, die Tucholsky so ^Proletariats zu erzwingen sei, versuchten die gehasst hat (wie man den Satz auch gram- Pesten der Fuehrer—auch der juedischen matisch versteht, er gilt). Sie enthalten aber fuehrer—zweifelnd ob Gutes durch Boeses zu auch ein gutes StUck — ungewollter — Selbst- ^iTeichen sei, Gewaltanwendung zu vermeiden: persiflage ; sie sind nicht nur " dem Leben ^an denke an Gustav Landauer, Kurt Eisner, abgelauscht", sondern auch dem eignen Leben. e-rnst Toller. Auch Kurt Tucholsky gehoerte Kein Nichtjude hatte den Berliner Zeit­ ^,denen, die zurueckschreckten. Er sympa- genossen Wendriner so treffsicher zeichnen iisierte wohl eine Weile mit den Kommunisten, konnen wie ein jiidischer oder ex-jiidischer gehoerte ihnen aber niemals an. Bei den Kiinstler vom Kaliber Tucholskys. Und da ^nabhaengigen Sozialdemokraten war er nur bei der Geburt all der Wendriner-Szenen nicht ^^"^ Zeit Mitglied. Auch dort erfuellte ihn nur der Hass aus den Fugen spritzte, sondem Uas Doktrinaere mit Misstrauen. eben auch — Verstandnis und unbewusste Es gibt jedoch ein rein-juedisches Element Selbsterkenntnis, wurde aus jeder ein kleines **^ aus der Zusammenfassung der Schriften Kunstwerk, das zum grossen Gemalde Berlins Und Briefe sehr klar wird—das ist der genau so gehorte wie die Bilder Lesser Urys, Pnaenomenale juedische Selbsthass, der in die Skizzen Heinrich Zilles, die Chansons ^ucholsky wie ein boesartiges Geschwuer Claire Waldoffs und Kate Kuhls. Sefressen hat, und der ihn in dieser Beziehung Es gibt einige Falle, wo Tucholsky sich und ^eben mehrere andere Publizisten juedischer die Juden geradezu exhibitionistisch ziichtigte ; «erkunft stellt—vor allem Maximilian Harden, einer aus den letzten Vorhitlerjahren sei «^arl Kraus und den jungen Theodor Lessing. hier zitiert; es handelt sich um eine Bespre­ jj-s faellt bei dieser Aufzaehlung etwas auf. chung des nationalistisch-volkischen " Lexikon ^cholskys seelischer Haushalt war von der Juden", die in der "Weltbiihne" vom ^ndheit an nicht in Ordnung und die 21.VII.1931 erschien. " Warum packt ihr den oeziehung zu seiner Mutter offensichtlich sehr Juden nicht da, wo er wirklich zu fassen ist ? " Page 8 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964

schreibt Tucholsky. " Nun muss . . . eine Zum Thema des Juedischen Selbsthasses Selbstkritik vorgenommen werden, gegen die Schwefellauge Seifenwasser ist. Nun muss— Continued from page 7 dammtypen wie ich ; wie stolz sind sie, wenn ich auch! ich auch !—gesagt werden : Das Geschichten" Martin Bubers zu entdecken, zu die Sohne Reserveoffiziere, wenn sie einen haben wir falsch gemacht, das und das—und preisen und in ein paar Musterstucken zum ' richtigen Amtsrichter ' in der Familie haben hier haben wir versagt. Und nicht nur die —und die pflegen dann germanischer zu sein anderen haben . .. sondern wir alle haben—" Abdruck zu bringen. als Hitler . . ." Ende der zwanziger Jahre nahm Tucholsky " Wir alle haben . . ."—aber selbst in diesem einen aktuellen Zwischenfall zum Anlass, seine Die Bemerkung, er wisse nicht, ob die Augenblick der aussersten Seelennot und Ver- Stellung zu judischen Angelegenheiten naher Zionisten recht oder Unrecht haben, diese zweiflung, die diese Analyse der Emigration und ohne satirische Begleitung zu erklaren. vorgespielte GleichgUltigkeit hat es auch in diktierte, weigerte sich Tucholsky, das eigene Das war, als er im Jahre 1929 von Dr. Hans sich. Andere Juden und ex-Juden—und sogar personliche Verhalten zu analysieren; die Reichmann im Auftrag des " Centralvereins Maximilian Harden — hatten sich doch auf eigene antijUdische Entscheidung, die er fur Deutscher Staatsburger Judischen Glaubens " diesem Gebiet einige Kenntnisse verschafft, sich selbst gefallt hatte, in Zweifel zu ziehen; gebeten wurde, sich an einer Umfrage (iber um sich eine Meinung daruber zu bilden, einzusehen, dass jeder Versuch, uber den sein — Tuchoiskys — stark antikirchliches besonders eben auch die Sozialisten, nachdem eignen Schatten zu springen und sich der Zu- Gedicht " Gesang der englischen Chorknaben " sie gehort hatten, dass nach der Freigabe gehorigkeit zur Gruppe der eignen Herkunft zu beteiligen. Das Gedicht war in der Palastinas fur jUdische Einwanderung junge und ihrer Geschichte zu entsagen, zum " Arbeiter-Illustrierten " erschienen und hatte Arbeiter aus Osteuropa und auch aus Deutsch­ Scheitern verurteilt ist und dass der Springer, heftige Leserproteste—beim " Centralverein " land hier die ersten Versuche einer sozialis- nicht der Schatten daran schuldig ist. Ebenso ausgelost. Das Blatt des " Centralvereins" tisch-zionistischen Verwirklichung in die Wege wenig wollte er auch in diesem tragischen hielt es fUr angebracht, es zur Debatte zu geleitet hatten. So war die pro-zionistische Augenblick sehen, dass Palastina nicht nur stellen, und auch den Autor zur Erklarung Haltung der " Sozialistischen Monatshefte" Fluchtziel war sondern in gewissen Sektoren seines Standpunktes einzuladen, nachdem die Joseph Blochs zu erklaren, ebenso das positive jedenfalls, ein Versuch, der ihn als Forderer Hauptreaktion der Leser war: Ist es denn Interesse Arnold Zweigs, Max Brods, Arthur sozialistischen Wollens durchaus hatte fas- Holitschers und Ernst Tollers—ja, auch Ernst zinieren mussen. gerade notwendig, dass ein Jude—oder einer, Tollers: ich erinnere mich noch deutlich an der doch allgemein dafur gehalten wird—sich einen begeisterten Palastinabericht aus seinem Aber nachdem er seinen " jUdischen Brief " so herausstellt ? In seiner geradezu trotzigen Munde. Tucholsky ?—Der guckte weg, wenn an Arnold Zweig abgeschickt hatte, Ende 1935, Antwort an Dr. Reichmann schreibt nun er das Wort " Palastina " horte. Es musste erst war er schon zu deprimiert, auch zu krank- Tucholsky: ". . . mich hat die Frage des das Schreckens jahr 1933 kommen, dass er an heitsgequalt, um Uberhauput noch eine Judentums niemals sehr bewegt. Sie ersehen seinen um Auswanderung bemUhten Bruder Antwort abzuwarten. Vier Tage spater nahm aus meinen Schriften, dass ich hochst seiten schrieb : " Hast Du denn garnichts in Palastina er das Gift, an dem er verschied. diesen Komplex uberhaupt beruhre; meine in Aussicht ? " Kenntnisse auf diesem Gebiet sind nicht sehr MEMORIALS IN GERMANY gross, ich weiss nicht, ob die Zionisten recht Damit nahern wir uns dem Schluss des oder unrecht haben, und ich schweige . . .". Dramas. Tucholsky's Briefe aus der Emigra­ A monument in memory of the victims of Andererseits hielt er aber den Anspruch der tion bilden eine reiche Dokumentation Uber Nazism was recently unveiled in front of seine desperate Stimmung in dieser aus den the Paulskirche in Frankfurt. It represents jUdischen Gruppe, auf sie Rucksicht zu neh­ the figure of a man trying in vain to free men, da er ihr ja aufs Konto geschrieben Fugen geratenen Zeit. Soweit sie in der himself from his chains. The sculptor was werde, fUr ungerechtfertigt. Er greife sie Rowohltschen Briefsammlung abgedruckt sind, Professor Hans Wimmer. The plinth carries seinerseits nicht an, obwohl ihm die patrio- waren sie zum grossten Teil an seinen Freund inscriptions of 54 concentration and extermi­ tische Haltung der Centralvereins garnicht und fruheren Mitarbeter Walter Hasenclever nation camps. The speaker at the ceremony angenehm sei—aber den Mund konne er sich gerichtet gewesen. " Weitermachen", also was the new Frankfurt Lord Mayor, Professor von den sich nationalistisch assimilierenden weiterschreiben, empfand er als sinnlos. Am Dr. Brundert. Juden nicht verbieten lassen, das ginge denn 7. 7. 1934 heisst es beispielsweise : "Ich fUr Special commemoration ceremonies, attended meinen Teil habe kein MitteilungsbedUrfnis by several thousand young people, were held doch zu weit. Und er schreibt weiter an on the sites of the former concentration camps Reichmann : " Sie kennen diese KurfUrsten- mehr. Man kann fur kein Parkett schreiben, das man verachtet. . , ." Und jUdischen Emi­ of Dachau and Flossenberg. granten gilt seine besondere Verachtung, weil SIGMUND FREUD INSTITUTE IN sie nach seiner Meinung nicht genUgend tun, um das Dritte Reich zu boykottieren. FRANKFURT Die These von der Akzeptierungssucht der The " Institut fuer Psychoanalyse" in Frankfurt which, after its dissolution by tne AJR deutschen Juden und die damit verbundene Nazis, had been reopened in 1959, recently Beschuldigung der Passivitat hat Tucholsky in moved into its new premises in the Mylius- seinem Schreiben an Arnold Zweig wiederholt, strasse. On that occasion, it was renamed einem seiner letzten Briefe vor seinem Freitod "Sigmund Freud Institute", as a tribute to in Schweden, Ende Dezember 1935. the memory of the founder of the psycho­ CHARITABLE TRUST " Das Judentum ist besiegt, so besiegt, wie analytical school and, at the same time, an act es das verdient" schreibt Tucholsky, besiegt of moral restitution in post-war Germany. Tne These are the ways in which you caa kelp: objects of the institute are psychoanalytical —da es nicht mehr wisse, was Heroismus sei, research as well as training of analysts ana und verlernt habe, sich zu verteidigen, seitdem treatment of patients. It is the first establisn- CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER die Franzosische Revolution den Juden die ment of this kind in Europe which is supportea Emanzipation geschenkt habe. Das " J'accuse " from Governmental funds. N-W- COVENANT des Briefautors macht zwar dann das Zuge- standnis, dass es auch " anstandige Juden" (in lieu of your membership subscription gabe, namlich die zehn Prozent von ihnen, your House for:— die einfach deshalb emigriert seien, weil sie to the AJR). CURTAINS. CARPETS, LINO, A Covenant commits the covenanter es in Deutschland nicht mehr aushielten, aber for a period of seven years or during es hatte umgekehrt sein mussen; einer hatte UPHOLSTERY his life, whichever period is shorter. dableiben mUssen auf neun, die fortgehen. Jetzt fingen sie nun an, sich fortzuschleichen, trUbe, verprUgelt und ohne WUrde, nachdem SPECIALITY GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME sie zunachst die Idee des Ghettos und seine AusfUhrung akzeptiert hatten. Aber—" wer CONTINENTAL DOWN A BEQUEST IN YOUR WIU die Freiheit nicht im Blut hat. wer nicht fUhlt, was das ist: Freiheit—der wird sie nie errin- QUILTS! Ask for particulars from: Thc Secretary, gen. Wer das Ghetto als etwas von vornherein ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS Gegebenes akzeptiert, der wird ewig darin AJR Charitable Trust, 8 Fairfax Mansions, verbleiben. . . ." ESTIMATES FREE London, N.W.3. Die Fortsetzung des Briefes beschaftigt sich mit der Gesinnung der sogenannten "deutschen DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Linken" und dem Verhalten derer, die aus 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK diesem Kreis in die Emigration gegangen sind. Telephone : ARN. 6671 Space donated by Aus der eriittenen Niederlage sollte man AN ANONYMOUS FRIEND lernen. dass nun mit eiserner Energie durch- Penonal attention ot Mr. W. Shackman. zufuhrende Selbsteinkehr am Platze ware, AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 9

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) "JOINT" MEETING IN GENEVA At the recent Geneva Conference of the American Joint Distribution Committee (J.D.C^.) it was stated that the continuing UNIVERSITY CRISIS movement of thousands of Jews uprooted by political and economic dislocations in their Israel's universities are passing through a effort. However, there is a growing body of homelands faced the " Joint" with ever greater critical stage of their development. Although public opinion that developments already have problems in providing care and relief for their the present academic year at the Hebrew outstripped the capacity of these two insti­ resettlement, mainly in Europe and Israel. University, Jerusalem, was opened with a tutes. It appears that one university (there Members of the executive and field staff at record enrohnent of 10,000 students—about is also a small university for religious students the Conference were warned that increased 1,000 more than last year—the over-all picture in Ramat Gan), even of the academic standard expenses for the organisation in its effort to is not so bright. True, new fields of study have and tradition of the Hebrew University, provide large-scale relief and assistance, cannot cope with the ever-widening demands. mainly in Europe, came at a time when the constantly been introduced in the humanities, " Joint's " $30 million annual budget was about but in the Faculty of Science the number of Students of all higher educational institutes to fall by almost a quarter because of the students has been frozen now for six years. make up only three-quarters of 1 per cent of ending of the Claims Conference operations In 1947, just before the establishunent of Israel's population. Trying to meet the educa­ next year. It was hoped that the funds needed the State, there had been 1,000 students at the tional needs in the Tel Aviv area which now to meet the needs of the 485,000 Jews now Hebrew University of whom 350 were in the boasts a population of over 750,000, some time receiving aid would be forthcoming from Faculty of Science. Today, with a ten-fold ago the Hebrew University opened a branch in American Jewry and Jews in other countries, increase of students, the number of science Tel Aviv which is attended by 2,600 of its so that the financial difliculties facing the 10,000 students. The Tel Aviv municipality " Joint" would be overcome. There were students has grown to only 1,100—in other difficulties too, in Israel, where the flow of Words their percentage dropped from 35 to 11. was not very helpful in providing a suitable large-scale immigration from both Europe and Year after year, owing to the shortage of campus site if for one reason only—the city North Africa had caused a strain on the laboratory space, hundreds of qualified appli­ has established its own university which has resources of Malben, the organisation aiding cants have to be turned away. In Mathematics developed from a Law School into a fully chronically sick and old immigrants in Israel. and Physics the ratio accepted is 1:2; in fledged recognised Institute of Higher Chemistry, 1 : 2h ; and in Biology, 1:3. In Learning. Award for Director-General J^edicine there were well over 400 applications Since, after a disagreement with the board. Mr. Charles H. Jordan, the director-general for the 60-odd places in the first year. Dr. George Wise left the presidency of the of the American Joint Distribution Committee, . The situation is further aggravated by the Hebrew University and was elected head of received the award of the Nansen Ring for " outstanding services in the refugee cause ". inability of the country's only technical high the Tel Aviv University, this young institute The Nansen Ring was presented to Mr. Jordan school, the Technion in Haifa, to enlarge its has experienced a tremendous upswing. In in Geneva by Professor Martin Kornrumpf of students' body. For some time now it had to the beginning of November the new campus Munich, president of the International Fridtjof weeze the number of freshmen at 800, for was inaugurated, a veritable university city Nansen Sovereign Committee, and Professor lack of space, equipment and budgetary extending over 125 acres and designed for Fahreddin Kerim Gokay, the Turkish Minister requirements. On the other hand there is a 22 buildings of which five are ready for occu­ of Populations. These two men founded the <«squieting trend among Israeli scientists and pation. The faculties of humanities and committee together with Mr. Odd Nansen in other members of the free professions to seek mathematics have started on the new site with 1961, the centenarjr of the birth of Mr. their fortunes abroad. In the past ten years 3,300 students enrolled, yet in the present Nansen's father, Fridtjof Nansen, the first High Commissioner for Refugees, who intro­ ^.000 have left the country; some 400 Israeli term, the Faculty of Science could accom­ duced the passport bearing his name for State­ Scientists are engaged in teaching and research modate only 140 students, and 500 candidates less refugees. Positions in American universities, and of the had to be turned away. Within two years the The award was presented to Mr. Jordan at 1.200 Israeli students in the United States number of students is expected to grow to a luncheon in Geneva, arranged in honour of *ho have finished their studies 150 are prac­ 5,500. the Joint's fiftieth anniversary. The hosts tising there as doctors. State support still leaves much to be desired. were the Joint's five sister organisations in the International Council on Jewish Social and One way of tackling this problem is the While on the average each student at the Welfare services (" Interco") which unites etting up of more research and study facili­ Hebrew University and at the Technion costs the major international Jewish refugee and ties for scientists in Israel. The world-wide the State I £2,000 per year, subsidies to welfare agencies. On behalf of Interco, "rganisation of the "Friends of the Hebrew students in Tel Aviv are only I £700. Professor tribute was paid to the Joint by the chairman "^mversity" will have to mobilise funds for Dr. Yuval Neeman, whose research in the field of the Central British Fund, Mr. H. Oscar radically extending their Faculty of Science, of atomic energy gained world-wide interest, Joseph. "d the Technion will have to make an equal returned from the United States to head the Physics Department at the new university. He announced that by October, 1965, a space science institute would be completed, a medical school to follow later. He confirmed the view that many Israeli scientists would Ackermans like to return had they an opportunity to carry on research. FRIENDS OF HEBREW UNIVERSITY Chocolates DINNER De Luxe Professor P. M. S. Blackett and Professor Giulio Raccah, Rector of the Hebrew Univer­ Uv BEAUTIFULLY sity, were the main speakers at a dinner of the Friends of the Hebrew University in DESIGNED London. Among those present, in addition to PRESENTATION Professor Blackett, were two other Nobel BOXES Prize winners. Professor E. B. Chain and Professor Sir Hans Krebs, as well as Professor Lisa Meitner, Professor A. Neuberger, Profes­ MARZIPAN sor Rudolf Peierls and Sir Leon Bagrit. Lord Cohen of Walmer was in the chair. The SPEOALITIES speakers also included Professor Norman Bentwich, Dr. Alec Lerner and Sir Ifor Evans, DIABETIC Provost of University College, London. CHOCOLATES 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., LONDON, W.8 WES. 4359 and Wir kaufen Einzelwerke, Bibliotheken, Autographen und moderne Graphik 9. GOLDHURST TERRACE, Direkfor : Dr. Joseph Suschitzky FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 38a BOUNDARY RD., LONDON, N.W.S _ MAI. 2742 Teleohone : MAI. 3030 APIOOP Page 10 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Jacob Jacobson NEWS IN BRIEF THEODOR HERZL AWARD FOR EARLY JEWISH SETTLEMENTS IN GERMANY WINSTON CHURCHILL Sir Winston Churchill has consented to First Volume of " (yerinania Judaica " accept the annual Theodor Herzl Award (a gold medallion) of the Zionist Organisation of The Leo Baeck Institute has undertaken the begun. And the appearance of this first America in trihute to his historic accomplish­ task of preserving the unique cultural heritage volume (reaching the year 1238) would per­ ments both as "an architect of the Jewish of German Jewry. It is attempting to provide haps not have been possible even then, had not State and protagonist of Zionism". a clear understanding of the problems arising one single scholar. Dr. Chaim Tykoczinski, a out of the emancipation and the process of man of wide learning, indefatigable assiduity JEWS STILL BLAMED FOR CRUCIFIXION assimilation necessarily linked therewith. and incomparable modesty, devoted the best According to a survey by the Anti-Defama­ In general, the publications of the Institute, part of his life to tliis task. I do not know why tion League of B'nai B'rith in New York, anti- following the policy laid down by Dr. Baeck he failed to obtain asylum abroad after 1933. Jewish prejudice among American Catholics himself, are limited to the era beginning with He remained in obscurity, so it would seem, in his room in Halensee and ended his days there is due primarily to their interpretation of the the Mendelssohn period. But there have been Crucifixion story. Mr. Dore Schary, national exceptions to this rule. For instance, that in the Berlin of the Second World War, with­ out the fame that he deserved illuminating the chairman of the ADL, stated that the survey great work by Dr. Selma Stem-Taubler, "Der ebb of his lonely life. indicates that 61 per cent of Catholics name Preussische Staat und die Juden", is such an the Jews as " most responsible for crucifying exception, for it goes back to the middle of the Looking through the 560 pages of the book, Christ" and 22 per cent blame the Romans. seventeenth century and is to be continued to there are admittedly many articles which con­ the death of Frederick the Great and Moses tain little more than place-names and short The study, being conducted by the survey Mendelssohn. But that is not all! notes. But then one hits upon the articles research centre at the University of California, about the great and renowned communities on is part of an ADL-sponsored research pro­ Initiative of Leo Baeck Ins1;itute the Rhine, Main and Moselle, in Saxony and gramme on religion in American life and its The Leo Baeck Institute rightly considers Thuringia, Bohemia and Lorraine, and on the impact on antisemitism. itself to be the successor of those former insti­ Danube. Mr. Schary said that a comparison between tutes in Germany which, in publications and Many of these comprehensive articles stem Catholic and Protestant attitudes discloses journals, represented the Science of Judaism from Dr. Tykoczinski, in others acknowledged that " such liberal demonimations as the Con­ in ail its ramifications. In this sense it is a experts such as Dr. Brann, the former Cologne gregational and Episcopal were less likely to continuation of the Gesellschaft zur Forderung rabbi who died recently. Dr. Kober, the former hold negative religious images of Jews- der Wissenschaft des Judentums which was Mainz rabbi. Professor Salfeld, and the former Moderate bodies such as the Lutherans closely founded in 1902. And the Institute's sense of Mosbach rabbi. Dr. Leopold Lowenstein, have paralleled Catholics and fundamentalist groups continuity is, therefore, well demonstrated by demonstrated their intimate knowledge. But such as the Southern Baptists were more likely its publication in 1963 of a reprint of the first younger scholars were drawn in during the last than Catholics to be hostile to the Jews '• volume of the " Germania Judaica" at the phases of the work, such as Dr. Erwin Rosen­ —(J.C.) J. B. C. Mohr Verlag in Tubingen. thal, now teaching in Cambridge, Dr. Alex What is the " Germania Judaica ", what is it Bein, now active in Israel, Josef Jacobsohn, as WANNSEE HOUSE AS MUSEUM supposed to do and how did it come about ? well as Dr. Herbert Fischer, now in Uruguay. According to Mr. Tuvia Friedmann, director How did the Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Everything in this first volume of the of the documentation centre in Haifa, the West Wissenschaft des Judentums happen to take " Germania Judaica" has been treated most Berlin Senate is considering turning the house on this specialised undertaking ? The learned meticulously and viewed with cautious his­ at 56-58 Am Grossen Wannsee into a museum, Augsburg rabbi Dr. Heinrich Gross (born torical criticism so as to differentiate between showing evidence of Nazi crimes against the Szenicz, Hungary, in 1848, died Augsburg in true accounts, conjectures and traditions, as is Jews. Top Nazis and German officials, includ­ 1910), who had been domestic tutor in the shown, for instance in the articles about the ing Eichmann, met at the house on January 20, house of Baron Ginzburg in Paris, published origins of such place-names as Judenberg, 1942, and adopted the "Final Solution" to his work, "GalUa Judaica", in 1897. This Judenburg and Judendorf. The same cautious the Jewish problem. An appeal has been stimulated a demand to try to do the same for deliberation is evident in connection with that issued for funds for the project. Germany. In 1903, therefore, a committee was most interesting question : where can Jews be first proved to have been on German soil ? EICHMANN AIDE ON TRIAL established under the chairmanship of Dr. It is highly probable, although it cannot be Marcus Brann, Heinrich Graetz's successor at definitely proved, that Jews came to West Austria's biggest war crimes trial so far the Breslau Theological Seminary, and with Germany very early in the train of the Roman opened in Vienna on November 16, when the full support of the nestor of Jewish learn­ cohorts, as has been claimed for Trier, for Franz Novak, 51, a former S.S. officer and ing, the famous bibliographer Dr. Moritz Stein­ instance. But according to the present state of assistant to Eichmann, faced charges of com­ schneider, which produced the plan for the research, Cologne must be accepted as the first plicity in the mass murder of many thousands " Germania Judaica ". city—321—where a Jewish community is of Jews during the war. Novak, who was It was intended to be a reference book, based known to have existed. heavily incriminated by Eichmann in his on detailed fundamental research, in which Jerusalem trial, is described in the indictment each place would be described within the A considerable part of the information in as the "chief of the death transports" who borders of Germany, as it then existed, where the " Germania Judaica " consists of facts about also took a leading part in the deportation of Jews had lived from ancient times, initially up the scholars who lived in the medieval Jewish 437,000 Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz.—(J-O to about the middle of the thirteenth century. communities, enhancing their reputation and And this project would be continued, in stages, strengthening their inner cohesion, power of SOVIET HISTORIANS up to the year 1815 ! The difficulty and feasi­ resistance and adherence to the faith, in the bility of this task was, however, not appre­ stormy era of the Cmsades. The best known Professors I. I. Mints and M. Y. Gefter, ciated by all those learned men who had of the rabbis whose biographies are included Soviet Jewish historians, are among the lead­ decided to undertake so comprehensive a work. are Gershom b. Judah of Mainz (ca. 960-1028), ing Russian members of the editorial board of Even today it has not yet been completed. the " Light of the Exile ", from whom inci­ the "History of the Communist Party of the And it took thirty years and the surmounting dentally the prohibition of polygamy emanates, Soviet Union." Professor Mints is considereo of many unexpected obstacles, including the the Kalonymides family of Mainz and Rabbi an authority on the development of revolution­ death of collaborators, the disappearance of Solomon ben Isaac of Worms, generally known ary tendencies of the persecuted Jews before as Rashi. Yet Rashi, the most famous and the Revolution. manuscripts, war and inflation, until even the popular commentator on the Bible and Talmud, first volume of this work was completed. was merely at the Talmudic College in Worms, "The task was in itself very difficult. It for the most part he lived in his home town, involved a careful scrutiny of the German Troyes, where he died in 1105. His over­ and Latin original source-material and old whelming importance is shown by the legend chronicles, as well as the whole Hebrew litera­ that attempted to link him so closely to Worms. W. HERZ ture going back over many past centuries. It But that was merely exaggerated respect: the was not enough to provide bare notes and Rashi chapel in Worms was only built in 1624. (Novelties) establish dates, for it was felt that an attempt should be made to describe in succinct form The staggering volume of notes and biblio­ the legal, economic and cultural conditions graphies attached to each article are mainly LIMITED under which Jews lived in the Middle Ages. directed at research workers. Nevertheless they This could only be achieved by dividing up inspire confidence in the casual reader who the work among a number of experts—and merely wants to learn about the history of men of academic rank were drawn in from all medieval Jewish settlements in Germany. over Germany. On the other hand, it was This first volume of the " Germania necessary to sum up the detailed material in a Hebraica " is soon to be followed by a second. Princess House, Eastcastle St., comprehensive article. This was done in an It is intended to continue the information essay, "Deutschland", written by Professor about places of Jewish settlement in Germany London, W.l Ismar Elbogen. and the life of their communities up to the When the first volume of the "Germama middle of the fourteenth century, that is to Judaica " was finally presented to the public say, to the time when their fate was deter­ 'Phone: MUSeum 3767 by Dr. Leo Baeck, the final chapter in ancient mined by the Black Death and a fresh wave" of German Judaism on German soil had already migration set in. AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 11

Gorman Bentwich Stockade Settlements of German Jews in Western Galilea, and the Music Festivals, which are held annually. The Centre has a VISIT TO BERLIN restaurant where kosher meals are served at I was recently in Berlin on the affairs of and the significance of Martin Buber's teach­ modest cost and a quiet garden at the back the United Restitution Organisation and I ing for Judaism. There are practical courses for repose. should like to give a few impressions of the for folk-dancing, gymnastics and Hebrew No Contacts with Eastem Sector Jewish life in the divided capital. It was speaking. Single lectures are given by both nearly two years since I had been there and Jewish and Gentile scholars; and the week's During the last years the small community the community in the Western Sector has programme included a Report by the boys in Eastern Berlin, less than a thousand, has grown slightly since my last visit. It numbers of the Rathenau-Schule who recently visited been cut off almost entirely from the Western now between 5,000 and 6,000. Some of those Israel. A library is well stocked with books Gemeinde. With the new arrangement who went to South America in the '30s are in many languages and with the Jewish Press between the two Berlins for quarterly visits returning to Germany because of the fear of of many countries, including the Yiddish to link divided families, it may be hoped that antisemitism in the Argentine. The head of papers of North and South America. A fine some human contacts between the communi­ the community, unchanged for 16 years, is the auditorium is there for concerts, theatrical ties will be restored. dynamic Herr Galinski, who presides over a performances and public lectures, and for the It is significant of the sympathetic mood in small elected Council. The equipment of the overflow religious service at the High Holy Berlin, that as part of the Berlin Festival of Gemeinde is more complete than that of many days. The hall and the smaller meeting- Music and Drama this autumn, Lessing's wger communities in England and Western rooms are used by other bodies, such as the " Nathan der Weise," which was an eloquent Europe. Besides the old offices and centre in British Council, for cultural gatherings. A plea in the eighteenth century for Jewish civil the Joachimsthaler Strasse, close to the representative exhibition of Nigerian art was, and political emancipation, was performed in Kurfuerstendamm, the hub of Western Berlin, in fact, on view when we visited the house, the Schiilei Municipal Theatre. The principal It has a Gemeindehaus within a few hundred this being part of the Festival of Music and part of the Jew, Nathan, who is modelled on yards, where all manner of communal activi­ Art which Berlin holds annually in the autumn. Lessing's contemporary, Moses Mendelssohn, ties are arranged. That house was a gift by was played by the Jewish actor, Ernst Deutsch. the Municipal Council of Western Berlin as Permanent Jewish Exhibition It was another sign of grace that Stravinsky's an atonement offering for the destruction of new Cantata, "Abraham and Isaac," written the synagogues and Jewish institutions by the The Jewish Gemeindehaus has become one for this year's Israeli Musical Festival, was ^azis. It is on the site of one of the beautiful of the show-pieces of Western Berlin. Daily performed at a gala concert of the Festival °W synagogues in the Fasanenstrasse that was parties of youth and adults come there for a in the presence of the President of the built in tbe Moorish style. The cornice and conducted tour, to learn about the Jewish Federal Republic and was sung in Hebrew communities and what happened to German by famous German singers. ^ column of the old have been built into the Jewry in the Hitler period. In the philo­ new structure. semitic climate of Western Germany today The modern Community Centre is admir- the desire for knowledge of Jews is constant. ANNIVERSARY OF BERLIN ?bly equipped with classrooms for religious The Community House has a permanent exhi­ COMMUNAL CENTRE instruction of the boys and girls who attend bition of German-Jewish medals and Israeli To mark the fifth anniversary of the fne State schools and come two or three even­ medals, coins and stamps. The memorials of foundation of the Jewish Communal Centre in ings a week. The community has a kinder- the pre-war Berlin community include a medal Berlin, a meeting was held at which the Sarten for infants, in the old offices. There cast for the " Winterhilfe " of 1935-1936, when main address was given by Mr. H. Galinski. ^re some Israeli teachers for the infants, the big effort was made for mutual help after The speaker described the opening of the the boys and girls, and the Jewish Volkshoch- the Nuremberg decrees, and another medal for Centre as the beginning of a new chapter of sfnule for adults, which meets also in the the cultural effort in 1937 when Jews were Jewish life in Berlin. It was one of the objects 2^emeindehaus. The current programme excluded from " aryan " performances. The of the Centre to promote understanding between Jews and non-Jews. Among the t the Volkshochschule illustrates the wide Israeli medals commemorate Independence, guests of honour were Berlin Mayor Albertz, l^ange of the lectures. There are three the 20th Anniversary of the Rising in the Professor Dr. Tiburtius and Rabbi Dr. Salz­ courses on the Bible, the Land of Israel Ghettoes, the 25th Anniversary of the berger (London).

With Compliments of PASMAN FABRICS STRAUSS & CO. LIMITED (Fabrics) DUNBEE-COMBEX LIMITED LTD.

76, WeUs Street, 117 Great Portland Street, W.l London, W.l 18 Ramillies Place, W.l. Tel.: LANgham 3264/0878 (P.B.X.) Grams.: FLEXATEX LONDON, TELEX. Telephone : GERrard 6291/2/3 INT. TELEX 2-3540 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964

'THANK-YOU BRITAIN' FUND ORGANISATIONAL NEWS A Letter from Abroad A former refugee who re-emigrated to CHANGE AT "SELF AID" BAZAAR AT HEINRICH STAHL HOUSE a Commonwealth country where he is now All those who know Mrs. Ruth Abels by her On Sunday, November 8, a Bazaar was held the Department Head of a College sent m work as Secretary of " Self Aid of Refugees " in Heinrich Stahl House at which over 600 his contribution with the following accom­ will learn with great regret that, for personal articles—every single one of them the handi­ panying letter:— reasons, she has to relinquish her office. In work of the residents of the Home—were sold "I read in the Manchester Guarduin the course of her many years' activities, " Self to well over 250 visitors. The proceeds of about the 'Thank-You Britain' Fund. 1 Aid " and " Mrs. Abels " have become almost slightly above £200 will be shared between was one of those who after the Kristall­ synonymous terms. The standard she has set the " Jewish Child's Day" and the Amenity will serve as an example for those who have Fund of Heinrich Stahl House from which nacht was sent to Oranienburg but now to carry on without her. concerts, theatre visits, outings, etc., are managed to come to Britain in time before There are social workers who are good financed. the outbreak of war. I will never be able administrators but to whom the gift of com­ The risk which the House Committee ran to repay all the kindness and understand­ passion is denied. And there are other social by holding this sale of work so late in the ing that was shown to me from simple workers who are primarily guided by their year, proved well worth taking as it turned Lancashire cotton workers to Quaker emotions but whose urge to help is not always out to be a warm and sunny afternoon. The refugee workers and Jewish manufac­ matched with a methodical approach to their craftsmanship of the exhibits proved beyond turers. I am now a British subject and duties. Mrs. Abels has managed to combine praise, and prices having been most reason­ could not wish for anything better. I am the good qualities of both types and to avoid ably fixed, the young ladies on the stalls had trying to repay part of my debt by teach­ their shortcomings. In addition to her respon­ no difficulty in disposing very rapidly of their ing as a British subject in Jamaica. sible internal work she has gained the respect wares. Residents, their families and visitors of other organisations as an effective and joined together for tea and spent a most What I can send is totally inadequate, successful representative of " Self Aid" on enjoyable afternoon which will be remembered but I try to say ' Thank you' every day by various committees. with pleasure by all who took part in the my work." As far as her co-operation with the AJR is function, the best reward the needle-workers, concerned, she will certainly not consider it the organising committee and their kind BEQUESTS AND HEIRLESS ASSETS as part of her " external" activities, because helpers could wish for. both organisations are so closely connected In the course of the past years, the AJR that hardly a day passes without mutual dis­ Charitable Trust repeatedly became the bene­ cussions on cases which call for joint action SELF-SUPPORTING FLATLET HOME ficiary of Wills. In some cases the use of the in one way or another. The close links have legacies was left to the discretion of the 'Trust, also resulted in bonds of personal friendship Whilst everything possible is being done to in others it was, preferably or exclusively, between her and members of the AJR staff. expedite the establishment of the Flatlet Home specified for the benefit of elderly people- All those who have benefited from Ruth Abels' at Avenue Road, Highgate, the completion of Such bequests are not only welcomed because untiring services are deeply indebted to the building is still bound to take some time. they manifest the testators' understanding of her, and she will be missed in her work by •The Home will provide 48 single-room flatlets the needs of our community ; they are also us to no less an extent than by her colleagues, and five two-room flatlets. However, the of greatest practical importance. At present her committee and, last but not least, the great number of applications received vastly exceeds the Trust is financially engaged in the number of those who could rely on her when­ the accommodation available and future resi­ establishment of the Communal Centre at ever they required her help and understanding. dents will have to be selected by a Committee Swiss Cottage and of the Flatlet Home i" according to the urgency of their cases when Highgate. Beyond this its liabilities WV^ W.R. the time of completion draws nearer. Under steadily expand because for the accomplish­ SELF AID CONCERT the circumstances, the selection will in any ment of our charitable tasks it will become case have to be narrowed down to applicants increasingly necessary to fall back on resources As every year, the Self Aid Concert in with comparatively limited means. Wigmore Hall, on November 17, turned out to built up by the former refugees themselves. be the social event of the season. Actually Several members have now approached the The AJR Social Services Department had, the hall proved too small and tickets were sold AJR with the view to organising the establish­ however, also to deal with cases of the opposite out weeks in advance to the disappointment of ment of a Self-Supporting Flatlet Home. Such kind, where people who had no relatives or many late-comers. The Amadeus String a scheme would be on similar lines as the plan friends to look after their affairs passed away Quartet played the Hunt Quartet by Mozart of a Self-Supporting Old Age Home, at present without leaving a Will. In one instance the and, together with Karl Ulrich Schnabel, under consideration. A number of members legal heir was a cousin abroad with whom Schumann's Piano Quintet op. 44. The concert would have to combine to form a housing the deceased had had no contacts whatsoever. began with Schubert's Moments Musicaux society and either to build a Home or to In other cases it turned out that there were op. 94. All three items were beautifully acquire a suitable building for conversion. no relatives near enough to qualify as heirs executed and gratefully applauded by the The AJR is willing to bring all these and, as according to English law, the right oi audience. Mr. V. E. Hilton, in addressing the interested persons together, and it is suggested succession does not go beyond first cousins, gathering, paid tribute to the untiring work that all those who have sufficient means to the estate passed to the Crown. In the light of the past chairman, the late Dr. J. S. Netter, participate and are interested in joining such a of experience of this kind it appears appr*^ and thanked all those who had also helped scheme should write to the AJR under the priate to advise, especially single and widoweo to make the function a financial success which heading, " Self-Supporting Flatlet Home". persons, to set up a Will, thus making sure will enable Self Aid to continue their good Their communications would not commit them that their assets will be used in a manner work for those in need of help. at this stage. which is in keeping with their wishes.

EVE OF HUMAN RIGHTS DAY CEREMONY AJ.R. CLUB GRANGE TRAVEL SERVICE LTD. The annual commenaoration of 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.3 3 PUMP LANE, HAYES, MIDDLESEX Human Rights Day, arranged by AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL Tel.: HAYes 5517-9 Cobles: Grange, Hayes, Middx. (Movement for Freedom of Opinion a"'' Channukah Celebration Under the persona! supervision of Religion) MR. J. G. I. BARON. M.T.A.l.. DIRECTOR & GENERAL MANAGER will take place Sunday, 6th December, ALWAYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE m ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL on Wednesday, Dec. 9, at 6 p.m- ct 4.30 p.m. FOR ALL TRAVEL. TOURS. CAR BOOKINGS & INSURANCE. YEHUDI and HEPZIBAH MENUHIN wl>| play Cesar Franck's violin Sonata in '^ "SOMETHING OLD, AIR & RAIL TICKETS. HOTEL RESERVATIONS, TRAVELLERS' major. CHEQUES & FOREIGN CURRENCIES, SIGHTSEEING & EXCURSIONS. THE PRIME MINISTER. Mr. Harold Wilson, will read the Lesson. THEATRE TICKETS, AGENTS FOR ALL TOUR OPERATORS. There is no charge, but there will ^^,A SOMETHING NEW Silver Collection at the end of the Servitc in aid of " Prisoners of Conscience •' A musical Channukah TOURS TO ISRAEL A SPECIALITY over the world. entertainment presen^ed by LUGGAGE REPAIRS SYNAGOGUES Old Engravings, Lithographs, Post­ ARNOLD and SUSE Laroa selection of all types of travel goods, 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' HORWELL especially Air Travel Cases. cards, Medallions, etc., all graphic All travel goods repaired. Nursery and Kindergarten material showing German ooo Old trunks and cases bought. European Synagogues, sought bV Space donated by FAIRFIELD & FUCHS TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED 267 West End Lane. N.W.G Rabbi Wm. A. Rosenthall Britannia Works. 25 St. Pancras Wav, 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 ISS EAST 76th STREET. N W.l 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 Prospectus from the Principal. HAM. 1362 NEW YORK 21, N.Y.. U.S.A. AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 13 BIRTHDAY TRIBUTE LEO BAECK PRIZE, 1964 Director of " Monumenta Judaica Exhibition " Awarded E. G. LOWENTHAL 60 of German Jewry before and after its disper­ sion for the benefit of the Jewish press, includ­ This year, the Leo Baeck Prize of the If our friend Emst G. Lowenthal really ing, last but nojt least, AJR Information. As it possesses the card index of important anniver­ " Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland", happens this issue carries an interesting report issued annually on the anniversary of Dr. saries he is suspected of having built up for by him about his recent visit to South America. ^s journalistic work, the only date about which Baeck's death (November 2), was awarded to E. G. Lowenthal's name is closely connected Konrad Schilling, General Secretary of the °« is not quali:5ed to write is December 28. with the history of the initial period of the vn that occasion, his 60th birthday, it is the AJR. He was one its nine founder-members " Monumenta Judaica " Exhibition in Cologne privilege of others to write about him. and belonged to its Executive until he joined (September, 1963 to March, 1964). The cere­ - *-.. G. Lowenthal started his career as a the Jewish Relief Unit. He had a decisive mony took place in the Cologne Town Hall, Jewisii communal worker in 1929 when he share in building up the organisation from and the prize was handed over by Dr. H. G. jowed the Berlin head office of the Central- van Dam, General Secretary of the Zentralrat. jerein, and he served the organisation until it small beginnings. Together with Herbert Was dissolved in 1938. Shortly after his arrival Freeden, who later on emigrated to Israel, he Konrad Schilling, who was not only the General 'D this country he became a senior official of was also the first editor of AJR Information. Secretary of the Exhibition but also the editor ge Jewish Refugees Committee (then at In thanking E. G. Lowenthal for his manifold of its impressive Handbook and tbe Catalogue, ^loomsbury House). After the war he went services in the past and looking forward to the was born in Leipzig in 1927. He is a teacher over to Germany as field director of the Jewish continuation of our happy co-operation we of History, Geography and German at a Kelief Unit and from then onwards he worked extend to him our sincerest birthday wishes. Cologne Grammar School and also a Board I'l Germany in various capacities under the Member of the Cologne Society for Jewish- auspices of the Jewish Trust Corporation, the Christian Co-operation. In his address. Dr. "Jewish Restitution Successor Organisation ANGLO-JEWRY CRITICISED van Dam paid tribute to Mr. Schilling as well ^JR.S.O.) and the Claims Conference. Jews Speaking at a Zionist Federation seminar as to all others who had helped to make tbe ^om Germany are particularly indebted to him Exhibition such a unique success. Ober­ ^or his work as secretary of the " Beratungs- held in Brighton, Mr. Emanuel Litvinoff, the "Usschuss" set up for the scrutinisation of author and journalist, attacked the disunity of buergermeister Burauen, the last speaker at ^aims of former Jewish communal workers. the Anglo-Jewish Establishment. He described the ceremony, stated that there was a direct ^^ relinquished his appointments in 1962 in the community as culturally moribund. Mr. connection between the swastika daubings in order to dedicate his entire time to his LitvinofF, who was speaking on " the Establish­ Cologne at Christmas, 1959 and the launching journalistic work. ment has failed the community ", said that the of the Exhibition. These infamous actions main function of the Establishment seemed to had resulted in deliberations as to how those This brief catalogue of E. G. Lowenthal's be to perpetuate itself. of good will could be made aware of the part activities testifies to his versatility. He is at On many important issues there was dis­ played by Judaism in the 2,000-year history of nome in the spheres of politics, iournalism and unity when Jewish interests demanded unity, the Rhineland. " The Monumenta Judaica propaganda to the same extent as in the field as for example on the proposal for a con­ ,7, social and administrative work. Now, ference dealing with the position of the Jews Exhibition was the historical documentation of unburdened by day to day office duties, he in Russia. They had nothing relevant to say the tolerant and humanitarian Cologne citizen an use his widespread background knowledge to young Jews, he added. of our time," he said. Whatever your figure whatever the occasion

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Page 14 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964

Miriam Brassloff Otherwise German is just another subject for O level examinations with which the parents can help a little more than with the arithmetic THE YOUNGER GENERATION AND THE AJR problems, but German Jewish culture becomes only a matter of hearsay—unless it be Zwetsch- getJcuchen. Last summer AJR Information reported a kind of refugee jargon, with many English that the Board of the AJR was concerned idioms and expressions thrown in. Unfor­ The problems which the Board of the AJB about the lack of contact of the younger tunately, this is not done in order to make the wishes to deal with now arise from the need to generation with the work of the AJR. It was conversation more picturesque but out of a bring the younger generation into the work. therefore interesting to read Mr. H. E. kind of laziness or perhaps out of a lack of The first hurdle the AJR shares with all groups Murrell's article. I have now tried to under­ concern for the German language. It strikes and political parties : the middle generation is take some further research into this field. I me, however, as the very opposite of what used to doing its own work, and there seems W conducted a rather small survey poll and German Jewish culture was about. be no reason why they should relinquish it- obtained several interesting findings. To It was not surprising to find that the The second problem arises, however, from the clarify the term " younger generation " I tried Younger Generation speaks—and especially fact that the younger generation has an to find some suitable classification of the age writes—English more easily than (Jerman. English and not a Continental training and groupings which of necessity are somewhat Although they may have gone to school on the apart from the differences that always occur flexible : Continent they had their professional training between the generations—after all, thirty years in this country. They find it difficult to read later the methods of teaching and training The Older Generation... 69 years upwards change everywhere—there is now also the The Middle Years 46-68 years German books ("the sentences are so involved and long ") and although they are able to read difference of the English approach; in my The Younger Generation 30-45 years experience this will become noticeable in a" The Next Generation under 25 years German they do not do so. They are often interested in German (Jewish) culture and similar settings. The Older Generation are possibly of retiring feel that they partly belong to it. Thus they It is very difficult for people to come fo^' age; they speak and read German more may read Goethe and Feuchtwanger in an ward and offer their services and it may be easily than English and can represent German English translation while, at the same time, necessary for the Board of the AJR to take Jewish culture. absorbing English culture and literature. They the first step and invite younger people to join The refugees in the Middle Years are those are in fact trying to assimilate to their English in the work. A rapprochement is urgently who had a professional and business career surroundings. If the ladies still have the needed because only the younger generation on the Continent, who helped to found and ambition to learn to bake Zwetschgenkuchen can maintain the link between German Jewish now " run " the AJR. They speak, read and this must be considered as a family tradition. culture and the next anglicised generation. The write English fairly fluently but tend to slip The parental teachings of manners and younger generation, although refugees in the back into German. One of the surprises of behaviour patterns are slowly being super­ sense that they were also thrown out of the my survey was that many of them no longer seded by those which conform to the expecta­ country in which they were born, differ from wish to read German books and although they tions of their own children. In families where the middle and older generation by the oppp^ may be well versed in German literature from one of the partners is English-born, and tunity they were given to have an English school days they show little interest in new German cannot be spoken, the assimilation is training and therefore by the chances which German (Jewish) literature and rarely keep all the more rapid. they enjoyed to integrate into this British up with the development of the German It is quite clear that the Next Generation. society. They can still make use of the fact language—such as the new technological born in this country, will be fully assimilated that they are bi-cultural but the next genera­ vocabulary. Apart from those who still write to their English, or Anglo-Jewish, surround­ tion will no longer consider themselves as in German professionally (and there cannot ings and only when grandparents are easily refugees and are unlikely to be bi-culturai be many of them), their German has become available will they learn German colloquially. because we fail them in this respect.

FAMILY EVENTS CLASSIFIED BEAUTIFUL, LARGE, GROUND- AJR Needlewomen Service FLOOR ROOM, well furnished, Entries in the column Family WOMEN available for alterations, Events are free of charge. Texts Situations Vacant cooking facilities or sharing lady's flat. Suitable refined, intelligent mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAi- should be sent in by the ISth of EXPERIENCED BOOKKEEPER 4449. the month. REQUIRED, must have good refer­ person. Close buses and shops. ences. Box 496. Reasonable. GLA. 4927. Personal Birthdays HaveUand.—Miss L. Havelland, of HOUSEKEEPER REQUIRED for For Sale GERMAN-BORN WIDOW, edu­ 65 Eton Place, Eton College Road, small, modern, c.h. home for cated, idealist, loves nature, elderly people. Daily help provided. CONTINENTAL FEATHERBED country walks, travel, languages, London, N.W.3, will celebrate her £6, large pillow £2 IDs., fur-lined 75th birthday on December 30. Box 495. music, no family, nice home, very lady's coat, perfect condition £15. popular yet lonely, independent, Moses.—Mrs. Emma Moses, n6e Situations Wanted 'Phone SPEedwell 5125. seeks companionship of intellig^''^ Hexter (formerly of Kassel), of 35 Men gentleman, same interests, young Wessex Gardens, London, N.W.ll, HEATING ENGINEER, two diplo­ Miscellaneous 60-68, cheerful, noble character, no will celebrate her 82nd birthday on ties. Please send full details, December 14. mas, wide experience, seeks free­ VISITING SECRETARY, typing, lance or part-time designing, translating, interpreting, English, naturally discretion assured. Bo* Schwab.—Mr. Emst Schwab (for­ surveying, estimating or consulting German, French; own typewriter. 491. merly Chemnitz), of 92 Westcotes work. Good references. Box 493. EMP. 8181. Drive, Leicester, will celebrate his GENTLEMAN, early forties, 5ft 6in., bachelor, German-Jewis" 85th birthday on January 5, 1965. SHIPPING CLERK, 48, knowledge ALTERATIONS WANTED ? of accounts, typing, speaks French background, would like to meei 'Phone experienced dressmaker for well-educated lady, with view .w Deaths and Spanish, seeks employment. best work, HAMpstead 8775. Krotos.—Mr. Herbert Krotos, of Box 497. matrimony. Only genuine repli^' considered. Box 492. St. Mary's Lodge, Kitson Road. Women SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed Barnes, passed away on November SECRETARY, German shorthand, safely and permanently by experi­ MISSING PERSONS 17, aged 66. English/French typist, fluent in enced Physiotherapist and Elec- Prushan.—Mr. Alex Prushan, of French conversation and writing, trologist. Mrs. Dutch, D.R.E., Personal Enquiries Rischon-Le-Zion, Israel (formerly experienced as general clerk, seeks R.M.T., 239 Willesden Lane, N.W.2. Hochbaum.—Kurt Hochbaum, aged of Bad-Oeynhausen, Berlin), passed full-time work. Good references. 'Phone WILlesden 1849. about 40, son of Dora and Bernhafo away in October at the age of 53. Box 494. Hochbaum, who left Vienna for the Deeply moumed by his family and FORMER CANTOR and teacher in U.S.A. in either 1938 or 1939- MRS. MENGEL, HAM. 9708, under­ Germany/Israel available for brother in Israel and his sister, takes typing of all kinds, also wanted bv his cousin, Paul Klein. Margot Kleeden, 53 Cleveland Hebrew. German and Barmitzvah Fairfield Hospital, Arlsey, Beds. Gardens, London, N.W.2. dissertations, manuscripts, theses, lessons. HAM. 5046, between translations, etc., in English and 11 a.m. and 1 p.m, Rau.—Mrs. Marie Rau passed away German. Own typewriter. peacefully, aged 91, at 49 Eton AJR Attendance Service ROSEMOUNT Place. London, N.W.3, on Novem­ Accommodation Vacant 17 Parsifal Road. N.W.6 ber 4. Deeply moumed by her N.W.2. Attractive single bed­ WOMEN available to care for sick HAMpstead 5856 & 8565 daughter, Helen A stmck, her sitting-room, well furnished, con­ people and invalids, as companions THE BOARDING HOUSE WITH CULTURE grandchildren, Norman and Eliza­ stant hot water, share kitchen and and sitters-in; full- or part-time; A Home for you beth Gunz, great-grandchildren and bathroom. 'Phone GLAdstone 0486 non-residential. 'Phone MAIda Eldorly peopio welcomed everyone who knew and loved her. after 7 p.m. or week-ends. Vale 4449. AJR INFORMATION December, 1964 Page 15

INAUGURAL LECTURE OF PROFESSOR S. STEIN CULTURAL NEWS In opening the Inaugural Lecture of Dr. Siegfried Stein, newly appointed Professor of Hebrew at London University College, the AWARD TO PROFESSOR GOMBRICH BRIAN GLANVILLE'S LIBEL ACTION Provost, Sir Ifor Evans, stated that since ,.The sixth annual W. H. Smith & Son The Jewish author, Brian Glanville, started 1828 the University had maintained a Depart­ JJterar>- Award of £1,000 was presented by a libel action against the B.B.C. and the actor ment of Hebrew, dedicated to Hebrew studies *''"• R. A. Butler, who is president of the Royal David Kossoff. He maintained that when on a non-theological and non-partisan basis. society of Literature, to Professor E. H. Gom- reviewing his book, " Diamond," on the However, until recently there had been no •Jnch for his " Meditations on a Hobby Horse B.B.C.'s Home Service in May, 1962, Mr. endowment for a full professorship of the and Other Essays on the Theory of Art", Kossoff had accused him of an anti-Jewish Department. The Provost welcomed the Published by Phaidon Press. Professor attitude and implied that his support of Jewish appointment of Dr. S. Stein as the first Jj'.ombrich came to London from Vienna and is causes was insincere. Mr. Glanville's counsel incumbent of the Chair for Hebrew. He erector of the Warburg Institute. stated that the object of Glanville's novels, recalled that it was as part-time lecturer that .The Smith award is made to the author of " Diamond " and " The Bankrupts ", was to Dr. Stein had started his work in 1936. ^^ book judged to have made the most out­ distinguish between the good and bad in the " Through his initiative, his friendship with standing contribution to English literature in Jewish community. To impute that, when his colleagues and their appreciation of the ^ne two years under review. associating himseli with Jewish causes, Glan­ importance of his work he has developed the ville was guided by dishonourable motives was Department, so that it now has a professor not fair comment. The proceedings were cut and two readers." PROFESSORSHIP FOB short by an amicable settlement. Mr. Glan­ The theme of Professor Stein's Inaugural DR. HILDE HIMMELWEIT ville will give the damages received to the Lecture was " Jewish-Christian Disputations in Jewish Blind Society. The defendants agreed Thirteenth-Century Narbonne." What made p 15r. Hilde T. Himmelweit has been appointed that there was no basis for suggesting anti­ the lecture particularly interesting for the professor of Social Psychology at the London semitism in Glanville's motives and offered uninitiated listener was the speaker's sociolo­ ^chool of Economics. She was Reader in the their apologies. gical rather than theological approach to the ^n>e subject since 1953. Professor Himmel- subject. These medieval disputations, it *^it, who is 46, came to this country as a transpired, were by no means exclusively or refugee from Germany in 1935. She is senior FRANKFURT REMEMBERS JEWISH predominantly motivated by the urge to author of the book "Television and the Child", thrash out differences in the religious published by Oxford University Press in 1958. CONDUCTOR sphere; to a high extent they were concerned ?he has always been deeply interested in with practical questions arising from Biblical ^ael, especially in its educational problems, On the 100th anniversary of the birth of Law, e.g., the right of Jews to take interest and has visited the country several times. Dr. Ludwig Rottenberg, a Memorial Meeting from Gentiles in whose midst they lived. was held in Frankfurt at which the main Professor Stein was born in Berlin. He address was delivered by Dr. Karl Holl. graduated in Heidelberg with a thesis on " Die GENEALOGY OF GEIGER FAMILY Rottenberg, who was born in Czernowitz in Unglaeubigen in der Mittelhochdeutschen 1864 and died in Frankfurt in 1932, was Literatur von 1050 bis 1250" republished in lir. s. M. Auerbach. 1 Cleve House. Cleve Musical Director of the Frankfurt Opera from 1964 by the Wissenschaftliche Buchgesell- ^ad, London, N.W.6, plans to publish an 1893 to 1926. As a further tribute to his schaft, Darmstadt, on their own initiative. He Up-to-date edition of the genealogy of the memory a Rottenberg Exhibition was displayed also took his finals at Hochschule fuer die ^eiger family which had been resident in in the Opera Foyer, showing, among other Wissenschaft des Judentums, Berlin. Prior Frankfurt from about 1600 onwards. The items, theatre programmes, manuscripts and to his emigration he taught at Berlin secondary genealogy was originally published in 1903 by photos. Some of the exhibits had been lent schools as a university-trained teacher of by his daughter, Gertrud Hindemith, the religion. "aniel August Womis. Dr. Auerbach would widow of the composer. iif P^teful if any readers who are interested In this country, Professor Stein has always « the work and might be able to give informa- taken an active interest in the specific tasks lon got in touch with him. He especially BOOK ON JEWS IN U.S.S.R. of the Jews from Germany. He is a Board Member of the British Section of the Leo "PPeals to descendants of the following A book of " documentary sketches " called Baeck Institute and also a member of the amilies who married into the Geiger family : " Jewish Life in the Soviet Union" is to be AJR. We extend our heartiest congratulations , eckhard, Emden. Frankau, Griinebaum, Hom- published in Moscow soon, sponsored by the to him on his new appointment by which he j^!?^ger, Kraemer. Lowenthal-Rheinberg. Neu- Union of Soviet Writers and edited by has also added lustre to the name of our "-ger. Salin and Weissmann. members of " Sovietish Heimland ". community.

coring with a Jifknan Do you want comfort and HAVING A PARTY? \M^* ** '" nations for formal or THE DORICE 'Ormal Occasions—in your own home every convenience, or any venue. First-Class Accommodation 'PHONE MRS. MANDL Continental Cuisine^Licensed 'ree consultations—please 'phone room with own bath, excellent Continental PAD. 2593 food. TV. lounge, gardens ? 169a Finchley Rood, N.W.S Mrs. A. WOLFF, Expert for Cocktail, Teo, (MAI. 6301) Mrs. ILLY LIEBERMANN 3 Hemstol Road, N.W.6 Dinner Parties. PARTIES CATERED FOR . WEStern 2872 (MAI. 8521) Small or Large. SIMAR HOUSE Tke Exclusive 'THE CONTINENTAL" Salon de Corseterie 9 Church Road, 'he private Continenfal Hotel Mme H. LIEBERG Southbourne, Bournemouth 10-12 Herbert Road (Bournemouth 48804) BOURNEMOUTH WEST 871 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.ll FACING SEA As olwoys, the House with the 'Phone : SPEedwell 8673 2 comfortable lounges. TV. honrie-like atmosphere AND AT Dining-room (seats 30). ond its beautiful gardens. 9 QUEEN'S PARADE, Central heating. Cor pork. CENTRALLY HEATED WALM LANE, N.W.2 Large garden. Open the whole year 'Phone : WILlesden 6817 Book early for our December DIETS on request House Party. *Vithi Ready-made and to measure '" ''sy reach of Sea and Town Centre —Brochure— Mrs. MARGOT SMITH EXPERT & QUALIFIED FITTERS OPEN THE WHOLE YEAR Phone : Westbourne 64176 MR. a, MRS. H. SCHREIBER

COMFORTABLE HOME HOVE HOUSE ARLET" (BRIGHTON) '' St. Gobriel's Road, N.W.2 FOR OLD LADIES QUIET NEW LUXURIOUS VILLA Single and double bedrooms, hot and cold vi,i,_ 'Phone : GLA. 4029 water in att rooms. Central heating. *»flui«i,-.*° London arc welcomed In mv Moderote Terms First-class Continental Board. ""'sitely furnished and cultured Private BRIDGEHOUSE RESIDENT HOME ,. Hotel. 68 Shoot-up Hill, N.W.2 Central Heating, Garden. TV. 1 WILBURV VILLAS. HOVE Good residential aisrrict. 'Phone : CLA. S83t 'Phone : Hove 70S47 MRS. LOTTE SCHWARZ Page 16 AJR INFORMATION December, 1964

HEIRS OF CLAIMANTS SOUGHT Round and About In connection with the settlement of restitution claims, relatives and/or heirs oi PHOTOS OF PERISHED COMMUNAL the following former residents of the Nether­ Obituary lands are sought: LEADERS REQUIRED (1) Edgar Jacob May, died in Scotland in PROFESSOR DR. PAUL ROSENSTEIN For its Memorial Book shortly to be pub­ 1961; (2) Luise Rosenzweig, born in Krefeld; lished under the heading " Bewaehrung im (3) Ilse Rennefeld (n6e Bobreker), born in Untergang", the Council of Jews from Berlin-Wilmersdorf, married to Otto Ludwig Professor Dr. Paul Rosenstein, the famous Germany requires — on loan — photos of the Joseph Rennefeld ; (4) Richard Deutschmann, surgeon and urologist, died in Rio de Janeiro following victims of Nazism who, during the born in Inowraclaw, married to Lotte Gerda in his 90th year. Born as the son of the rabbi last war, held responsible positions with Kronthal, born in Schoeneberg; (5) Ernst of Graudenz, he studied in Koenigsberg and Jewish communities, organisations and institu­ Ortlieb, born in Konstanz, married to Berlin and became director of the Berlin tions in Germany and, later on, perished : Charlotte Wolf, born in Cologne ; (6) LeopoW Jewish Hospital as successor to his teacher Reisz, born in Ostrava; (7) Ludwig Rosenthal, Professor James Israel. He held this position Dora Silbermann (Jewish Community, born in Schneidemuehl; (8) Artnur Boehni- until 1938. Even after the Nazis had come to Berlin). born in Budapest, married to Adelaide power, non-Jewish patients insisted on being Herbert Finkelscherer (Rabbi in Often- Neumann, born in B61apatfalva; (9) Pani treated by him. He spent the last 25 years of burg and Stettin). Wittstock, born in Berlinchen; (10) Isidore his life in Brazil where his children lived. Baer, born in Rodalben, and daughter Gertruo There he concentrated on cancer research Leo Kreindler (Jewish Community, Baer, born in Pirmasenz ; (11) Siegmund Fntz work and as late as 1961 was invited to the Berlin). Binasch, bom in Posen, married to Lilly U.S.A. for consultation. He revisited Berlin John Hausmann (Israelitischer Tempel­ Elden, born in Berlin; (12) Grete Moses (nee in 1951 and, by virtue of his authority, helped verband, Hamburg). Simon), born in Pirmasenz, and daughter Liana to preserve the links between the Jewish Dr. Arthur Spanier (Preussische Staats­ Moses; (13) Elise Stern (nee Heinemann), Hospital and the Jewish community. His bibliothek, Berlin). born in Sontra; (14) Martin Weiszmann, memoirs were published in 1954 under the Dr. Siegmund Stein (Rabbi of " Adass married to Clara Luise Goldschmidt. title " Narben bleiben zurueck ". Jeshurun" Congregation, Cologne). Any information should be sent to: MJ; The photos, which will be returned, should Georg Hirsch, Rokin 9-15, Amsterdam ^ DR. KURT MASUR be sent to : Council of Jews from Germany, (Holland). 183/189 Finchley Road, London, N.W.3. NOVEMBER ISSUE OF "AJR Dr. Kurt Masur, until 1933 Regierungsvize- INFORMATION " praesident in Hanover, has died at the age of 79. After his dismissal by the Nazis, he worked HAMBURG UNIVERSITY APPOINTS Though copies of the November issue of A/B for the Jewish Central-Verein in Berlin. Before JEWISH PROFESSOR Information were dispatched to all members, the war, he emigrated to this country, where for reasons so far not established a number oi he was also associated with the AJR and, Dr. Hans M. Landecker, head of the Depart­ members, especially in the North-Western during the first period after its inception, ment for Internal Dise.ases at the Hamburg districts of London, have not received their helped to build up its membership. In 1948, Jewish Hospital, has been appointed Hon. copies. As our supply is now almost exhausted he was reinstated in Hanover. When he had Professor of Hamburg University. Professor it would be greatly appreciated in the interest to resign for reason of health, he moved to Landecker who was born in 1906, emigrated of the members concerned if some readers who Locarno, where he spent the last years of his to Australia after 1933 and returned to can spare their copies kindly sent them to the Ufe. Germany in 1958. AJR office.

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