6 X 10.Long New.P65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89708-2 - Italian Opera in the Age of the American Revolution Pierpaolo Polzonetti Index More information

INDEX

Abbate, Carolyn, 70–73 American women; Native Adams, Abigail, 192 Americans; Quakers Adams, Elizabeth, 293 American Enlightenment, 26, 102, 233 Adams, John (1735–1826), 12, 97, 192 American operas, 18 Adams, John (1947–), 4, See also Nixon in American Revolution. See also French China; Doctor Atomic Revolution vs. American Africa, 182, 232, 233, 310 Revolution African-Americans, 240–242, 266–268, 315 anti-patriarchalism, 47–50, 168, 217 Agnew, Vanessa, 113 chronological issues, 12 Alceste (Calzabigi/Gluck), 112, 239 as a comic subject, 2, 8–9 Alﬁeri, Vittorio, 74–75, 138 Declaration of Independence, 27, 34, Algarotti, Francesco 49, 75, 148 on America, 114–115, 176, 190, 205, 231 European reception, 13, 92, 96, 208 on Franklin, 81 Austria, 36 and Frederick II, 110–114 France, 317 on Newton, 78–84 German countries, 36, 329–330 opera reforms, 49, 120, 124, 129, 175 Italy, 27–28, 133, 184, 203–206, Allanbrook, Wye Jamison, 22, 105, 151 228, 323 Alltop, Stephen, 302 ideology, 34, 75, 308–309 Alzira (Cammarano/Verdi), 111, 165, and sensibility, 9, 265 206, See also Voltaire Stamp Act, 140, 275, 319 Alzira (Rossi/Zingarelli), 165 as sublime, 327 amante confuso, L’ (Zini/Anfossi), 5, 148 Tea Party, 4, 276, 319 America War of Independence, 4, 7, 11, 12, 36, American mythologies, 15, 17, 75, 181, 203, 207, 222, 226, 233, 242, 190, 247 251, 269, 317 in European imagination, 15–16, 327 American women, 6, 15, 202, 271, 278–295 as exotic, 15–16, 19–20, 40, 140, 143, americana in Italia, L’ (Frediani/Carusio), 5 185, 209, 326 americana in Olanda, L’ (Porta/Anfossi), as extreme West, 11, 19–20, 231–232, 4, 5, 11, 148, 202–203, 221, 244, 268, 270, 326 224–226, 229, 235, 269, 271, 272, American characters, 6, 15, 17, 19, 277–278, 295, 327 202, See also African-Americans; “La vanità”, 199

361

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89708-2 - Italian Opera in the Age of the American Revolution Pierpaolo Polzonetti Index More information

362 Index

americano, L’ (anonymous/Piccinni), 5, New Atlantis, 231 11, 19, 28, 50, 99, 165, 170–172, Baglioni, Francesco, 44 175–176, 177, 203, 209, 278 Bailyn, Bernard, 12, 47 “Ah se vedessi”, 198 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 96 “Ma son tutte forse così”, 198 ballo in maschera, Un (Somma/Verdi), “Per pietà Signora mia”, 194–197 14, 310 “Quel che è nuovo sempre piace”, 198 Bambini troupe, 118 “Questo è il regno delle femmine”, 198 Barber of Seville, The. See barbiere di “Si grida si strepita”, 198 Siviglia, Il; Beaumarchais Amiti e Ontario (Calzabigi/Scarlatti), 5, barbiere di Siviglia, Il (Petrosellini/ 19, 229, 233–237, 242–249, 250, Paisiello), 14, 312 255, 262, 266, 269, 274 barbiere di Siviglia, Il (Sterbini/Rossini), 14, Anfossi, Pasquale, 4, 6, 174, 202, See also 40, 43 amante confuso, L’; americana in Basini, Laura, 15 Olanda, L’; mondo della luna, Il; Battistini (Giambattista Vasquez), 141 Montezuma; orfanella americana, Beales, Derek, 108 L’; vera costanza, La Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de, Anglicans, 242, 248 28, 329 Apollo, 65, 70, 77, 84 and the American Revolution, 317–322 Arcadian topos, 86, 91, 95, 140, 186, 203, 267 barbier de Séville, Le, 28, 40, 317–321 Arcifanfano (Goldoni/Galuppi), 45 mariage de Figaro, Le, 28, 40, 309, 312, Arendt, Hannah, 309 317, 320, 324, 328 aristocracy Beccaria, Cesare, 108, 128 class conflicts, 329 Crimes and Punishments, 49 critique of, 23, 197 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 26 enlightened, 25, 138, 263 Behn, Aphra internal class divisions, 9 Emperor of the Moon, The, 10, 40–42, 43, Native American, 25, 122, 181 50–52, 54, 75, 79, 93 in Plato, 57, 58 Oroonoco, 40 representations of, 143, 311 Bellini, Alice, 295 and tyranny, 74 Benucci, Francesco, 272, 278, 297, 327 Arteaga, Esteban de (alias Stefano), Berger, Karol, 26 24–25, 76 Bernasconi, Antonia, 137, 239 Asia, 231, 232, 267, 310 Bernucci, Anna Davia, 206 Augustine of Hippo, 230 Bernucci, Giovanni, 206 Bertati, Giovanni, 216, See also americana Babo, Joseph Marius in Olanda, L’; Don Giovanni (Il Winterquartier in Amerika, Das, 308 capriccio drammatico); filosofi Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel, 109 immaginari, I; orfanella Bacon, Francis americana, L’; quacqueri, I

Index 363

Boccaccio, 279 Canal, Joseph Emanuel, 328 Boston, 4, 12, 14, 18, 133–134, 257, 310, See Candiani, Rosy, 172, 234 also gare generose, Le cantatrici villane, Le (Palomba/ bourgeoisie, 24, 147 Fioravanti), 283 as audience, 23 capitalism, 4, 20, 234, 248, 250–252, 267 bourgeois values, 23, 25, 263 capriccio drammatico, Il (Bertati/ class conflicts, 329 Gazzaniga). See Don Giovanni represented in opera, 33, 43, 46, 141, Cardinale, Claudia, 271 249, 250, 263 Carli, Gianrinaldo, 190–191 revolutionary, 25, 49, 75 Carmen (Mérimée/Bizet), 310 theatrical culture, 208 carnival, 31, 34, 96, 100–101, 228, in Venice, 38 274, 278 Bowen, Susan A., 326 Carroll, John, Bishop, 178 Bramani, Lidia, 328 Carter, Tim, 317 British Empire, 26, 36, 135 Castelvecchi, Stefano, 263, 311 Brizzi, Lodovico, 206 Casti, Giambattista. See Prima la musica Buccini, Stefania, 17, 207 poi le parole Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de, xiii, Catherine II of Russia, empress, 36 11, 191–192 Catholics, 22, 25, 42, 84, 130, 135, 179, 237, buona figliuola, La (Goldoni/Piccinni), 9, 281, 294, 324, See also 41, 45, 133, 142, 146–148, 150, 185 Franciscans; Jesuits Buranello. See Galuppi, Baldassarre Cavell, Stanley, 17 Burke, William, 143 Cecchina. See buona figliuola, La Burney, Charles, 99, 113, 173 censorship, 4, 13–14, 17, 20–26, 36, 52, 78, Bush, George W., 1 238, 295, 310, 318 Butler, Margaret, 129 Cerlone, Francesco. See creduta selvaggia, La; napoletani in cabaletta, 213, 258, 261 America, I Calegari, Giuseppe, 217 Colombo nell’Indie, Il , 182–183 California, 165, 176, See also americano, inglesi in America, Gl’, 140 L’; selvaggio di California, Il Chamfort, Sébastien-Roch-Nicolas Californians, 189 jeune indienne, La, 264–265, 308 Calvert, Jane E., 8 Charles I, King of England, 48 Calzabigi, Ranieri de, 234, See also Alceste; Chaucer, 279 Amiti e Ontario; Orfeo ed Euridice Chevalier d’Eon, 328 cambiale di matrimonio, La (Rossi/ Chiari, Pietro, 184, 205, 311 Rossini), 14 China, 4, 231, 310 Campana, Alessandra, 55 Chinard, Gilbert, 15, 176 Canada, 14, 139, 169, 185, 250, 257, See also Ciccolini, Alessandro, 279 huron, Le cicisbei, 193, 197

364 Index

Cigna-Santi, Vittorio Amedeo. See Crowe, Michael J., 97 Montezuma Curtis, Alan, 279 Cimarosa, Domenico, 6, See also Cyrano de Bergerac, Savinien de quacquera spiritosa, La (pasticcio) Histoire comique ou voyage dans la lune, 41 Classical Style, 26–27, 325–326 clemency. See mercy Da Ponte, Lorenzo. See also Così fan Clement XIV, Pope, 177–178, 183, 209 tutte; Don Giovanni; nozze di clemenza di Tito, La (Metastasio- Figaro, Le; quacquera spiritosa, La Mazzolà/Mozart), 244 (pasticcio) Clinton, Bill, 1 and America, 75, 322–325 Clinton, Hillary, 1 collaboration with Mozart, 18, 46, coffee houses, 16, 24, 56, 205–206, 329 272, 297, 316, 317, 326–330 Colombo, Cristoforo, 100, 182, 268 description of the finale, 104 coloratura, 54, 65–73, 119, 126, 167, revision of La quacquera spiritosa, 8 279, 305 revisions of Le gare generose, 255 Coltellini, Celeste, 49, 295–297 da-capo aria, 31, 54, 59, 65, 73, 109, 113, 155, Coltellini, Marco, 16, 49, 81, 111, 189 161, 279 Columbus, Christopher. See Colombo Dante comedy of masks. See commedia Divina commedia, 293 dell’arte Daphne, 95 commedia dell’arte, 9, 10, 29, 32, 37–44, Darabont, Frank, 315 217, 238, 252, 323 Darnton, Robert, 91, 98 Conti, Francesca Romana, 234 Del Negro, Piero, 17 convitato di pietra, Il (Lorenzi/Tritto), 217 DelDonna, Anthony R., 135, 142, 284 convitato di pietra, Il (Porta/Righini), 216 Dippel, Horst, 16, 27, 36 Copley, John Singleton, 327 Dittersdorf, Carl Ditters von, 5, 22, Cortés. See Cortez 256, See also gare generose, Le Cortez, Hernán, 11, 131, See also Doctor Atomic (Sellars/Adams), 4 Montezuma Dolar, Mladen, 244 as an opera character, 131 Dole, Carol, 291 Così fan tutte (Da Ponte/Mozart), 46, 91, Dolfin, Caterina, 207 105, 170 Don Bucefalo (Palomba/Cagnoni), 283 adultery scandal, 320 Don Giovanni (Bertati/Gazzaniga), 216–217 “Soave sia il vento”, 88, 169 Don Giovanni (Da Ponte/Mozart) Villeneuve, 209, 297 introduzione and finale, 202, 219 credulo deluso, Il. See mondo della luna, Il Leporello’s catalog, 64 (Goldoni/Paisiello) literary sources, 37 creduta selvaggia, La (Cerlone/Tritto), 5, and L’orfanella americana, 216–217 217, 228 patriarchy, 220 Cro, Stelio, 184–185 use of title “Don/Donna”, 23

Index 365

Don-Giovanni myth, 202, 217 fanciulla del West, La Donington, Robert, 56 (Civinini-Zangarini/Puccini), Douthwaite, Julia V., 207 15, 270–271, 278 Dulaure, Jacques-Antoine, 98 Farnace (Lucchini/Vivaldi), 279 Duncan, Bruce, 226 Fatouville, Nolant de, 38–40, 52 Arlequin chevalier du soleil, 39 Eco, Umberto, 274 Arlequin empereur dans la lune, 38–40, Edge, Dexter, 302 42–44, 50, 92–93 Edward IV, king of England, 227 La précaution inutile, 40 Ellingson, Ter, 180 Feldman, Martha, 3, 32, 280 Emery, Ted, 41 Fell, Margaret, 292 en travesti, 46 Ferdinand IV, king of Naples, 135 Engel, Friedrich, 329 Ferrone, Vincenzo, 78 English Revolution, 10, 47–48, 293 Fido, Franco, 41, 42 Entführung aus dem Serail, Die (Bretzner/ Filadelfia (Italy), 12, 135 Mozart), 268, 326 Filangeri, Gaetano, 137–138 Esterházy family, 34–36, 37 Filmer, Robert Esterházy, Nicolaus, 32 Patriarcha, 48 Eszterháza, 11, 34, 37, 298, See also mondo filosofi immaginari, I (Bertati/Paisiello), 161 della luna, Il (Goldoni/Haydn) finto astrologo, Il (Goldoni/Avondano), 30 European women, 19, 199 Fioravanti, Valentino. See cantatrici exoticism, 11, 15, 19–20, See also America villane, Le; selvaggio di California, Il as exotic Fliegelman, Jay, 7, 49 àl’envers, 109, 114–127 Florida, 139, 169 literature, 140 Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier, 79 musical exoticism, 189 Fortis, Alberto, 232 preconceptions, 127 Foster, Johann Georg Adam, 328 stage sets, 130 Foucault, Michel, 49–50 and utopia, 38 Fourth of July or Temple of American in Vienna, 326 Independence (1799), 18 Fox, George, 292 family, 3, 237, 238, See also gender issues; Franciscans, 11, 176, 177, 198 patriarchy Franklin, Benjamin, 11, 32, 75, 80–82, 91, blood ties, 148, 222, 249, 280, 281 97, 191–192 centrifugal forces, 10, 46, 73, 171 and Austria, 36 couples, 46, 187 and the Catholic Church , 16, 27, 137, extended, 3, 44, 246, 312 178, 179, 205, 239, 249 nucleus, 3, 49, 170, 282, 290 and Italy, 16, 27, 137, 179, 205, 239, 249 as political allegory, 3, 7, 33, 47–50, 96, on Native Americans, 180 186, 222 in Paris, 36, 174, 328

366 Index

Franklin, Benjamin (cont.) Gazzaniga, Giuseppe. See Don Giovanni; The Poor Richard, 104 quacquera spiritosa, La (pasticcio) on slavery, 267 gazzetta, La (Petrosellini/Anfossi), 20 Frayling, Christopher, 270 gender issues. See also American Frederick II, king of Prussia, 11, 107–114, women; Quaker women 177, 179, See also Montezuma female hysteria, 72 centralized state, 122 female readership, 79 court orchestra, 120 femininity and sensibility, 142 and Machiavelli, 115 feminism, 79, 96, 292 Freeman, Morgan, 315 gender distinctions, 34, 72 Freemasonry. See Masonic lodges gender equality, 294 French and Indian War. See Seven gender reversals, 96, 287–292, Years War 296, 301 French Revolution, 3, 14, 18, 39, 98, 173, 330 gender roles, 6, 7, 229, 262, 278, 286 vs. American Revolution, 14, 75, 205, 328 homosexuality, 6, 281–283, 292 Bastille Day, 25 Genovesi, Antonio, 182 representations in opera, 225 Gerbi, Antonello, 16, 191 Terror, 321 Giasone (Cicognini/Cavalli), 116 Frye, Northrop, 9 Girò, Anna, 279–280 Giusti, Luigi. See Motezuma (Giusti/ Galiani, Ferdinando, 231 Vivaldi) Galilei, Galileo, 78–79, 111 Glixon, Beth L., 24 Galuppi, Baldassarre, 132, 174, See also Glixon, Jonathan E., 24 Arcifanfano; mondo alla roversa, Il; global culture, 20, 26–28, 242, mondo della luna, Il; Montezuma 310, 330 Ganganelli, Vincenzo. See Clement XIV, Gluck, Christoph Willibald, 112, 174, See Pope also Alceste; opera reforms; Orfeo gare generose, Le (Palomba/Paisiello), 4, ed Euridice 5, 14, 20, 236, 247–268, 311 Godwin, Francis and Amiti e Ontario, 229, 233 Man in the Moon, The, 41 and capitalism, 234 Goehring, Edmund, 263 Neapolitan version, 247–254 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 190, 226 Prague production, 328 Goldoni, Carlo, 10, 205, See also Viennese version, 255–266, 308 Arcifanfano; buona ﬁgliuola, La; Garibaldi, Anita, 271 mondo alla roversa, Il; mondo della Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 271 luna, Il; Montezuma; pescatrici, Le Gassmann, Florian Leopold, 30 bella selvaggia, La, 207, 221 gastronomic sign, 220, 299 commedia dell’arte, 38 gazettes, 12, 13, 16, 19, 36, 133–135, 140, exoticism, 209 205, 240–241, 267, 269, 323 Pamela, 41, 147

Index 367

peruviana, La, 207 Symphony No. 49, 265, 308 reforms, 10, 41–44 Heartz, Daniel, 109, 244, 312 satiric fantasies, 96, 101 Heemskerck, Hegbert van, 229 teatro comico, Il, 41 Henry, Patrick, 140 Goldwin, Francis, 97 Hobbes, Thomas good savage, 11, 175–193, 230, 278, See also Leviathan, 48 Rousseau Holy Roman Empire, 26, 134, 330 in Catholic culture, 11 Hope Bacon, Margaret, 292 in Da Ponte, 323 Horace, 230 ignoble savage, 183 Horosius, 230 myth, 17 Hull, Eric, 178 parody, 217 Hunter, Mary, 25, 45, 46, 54, 65, 88, 151, and Quakers, 228, 235, 292 161, 247, 252, 263, 326 symbol of freedom, 237 huron, Le (Marmontel/Grétry), 173, Gozzi, Gasparo, 192 176, 185–187, 188, 193, 194, Graun, Carl Heinrich, 11, 109, See also 199, 311 Montezuma Green, Rebecca, 34 Idomeneo (Varesco/Mozart), 244 Greene, Nathanael, 277 Illica, Luigi, 15, See also Madama Grétry, André Ernest Modeste, 172, Butterﬂy; Manon Lescaut 174, See also huron, Le incoronazione di Poppea, L’ (Busenello/ Grimm, Friedrich Melchior von, 185, 264 Monteverdi), 56 Griselda (Zeno/Vivaldi), 279 inutile precauzione, L’. See barbiere di Grisolana, Carlo, 216 Siviglia, Il (Sterbini/Rossini) Guglielmi, Pietro Alessandro, 6, See also isola della luna, L’ (Piazza/Valentini), 98 quakera spiritosa, La italiani in America, Gli (Cerlone/ Guillotin, Joseph-Ignace, 91 Piccinni), 5, 141, 160 Izzo, Francesco, 283 Habermas, Jürgen, 24 Habsburg Empire. See Holy Roman Jameson, Fredric, 13 Empire Japan, 231, 310 Halifax, 250, 251, 253, 310 Jeﬀerson, Thomas, 12, 27, 180, 192 Handel, George Frideric, 21 Jerocades, Antonio Hasse, Johann Adolf, 22, 113, 174 Pulcinella da quacquero, 14, 237–239 Haydn, Joseph, 3, 6, 22, 26, 330, See also Jesuits, 11, 176, 177–178, 188 mondo della luna, Il; pescatrici, Le; Jommelli, Niccolò, 174 quacquera spiritosa, La (pasticcio) Joseph II of Habsburg, Emperor, 12, 36, audience, 36, 90 136, 179, 295, 297, 308 Classical Style, 325–326 junge Indianerinn, Die. See Chamfort, La interest in America, 327 jeune indienne

368 Index

Kant, Immanuel, 108 Maria Carolina of Habsburg, queen of Kelly, Michael, 22, 311 Naples, 12, 135–137, 143, 179 Kepler, Johannes, 79, 86, 90 Maria Theresa of Habsburg, Ketterer, Robert, 3, 4, 56, 283 archduchess of Austria, queen Kino, Francisco Eusebio, 176 of Hungary, 12, 35, 134, 136 Klinger, Friedrich Maximillian Marie Antoinette of Habsburg, queen of Sturm und Drang, 11, 202, 226–227, 327 France, 134, 321 Knollenberg, Bernhard, 12 Marmontel, Jean-François, 11, 172, Knott, Sarah, 265 176–177, 192, See also huron, Le Les Incas, 191 La Combe, François, 249 and Piccinnism, 174–175 Lafayette, Gilbert du Motier, Marquis and Voltaire, 188 de, 75, 321, 329 Marsyas, 65–72 Lafitau, Joseph-François, 176 Martín y Soler, Vicente, 22, 198, 324, See Las Casas, Bartolomé de, 112, 176, 183 also scuola de’ maritati, La Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent, 91 Martinelli, Vincenzo, 249 Leo, Leonardo, 174 Marxism, 24, 76, 329 Leone, Sergio, 269–271 Masonic lodges, 16, 327, 329 Leopold II of Habsburg, 27, 179 and the Esterházys, 36 Lescarbot, Marc, 180 Gustav III, King of Sweden, 203 Levin, David, 55, 316 imagery, 58, 70, 92 Link, Dorothea, 302, 308 Mozart, 328 Lipton, Kay, 298, 301 music, 85 Listonai (Daniel de Villeneuve), 97 Naples, 136, 138, 239 Locke, Ralph, 120–121, 125, 326 Paris, 81, 174, 328 Lucian Mauro, Girolamo, 216 Dialogue of Icaromenippus, 41 Maza, Sarah, 24 Lucretius, 93 Mazzei, Filippo, 27–28, 179–180, 192 lunático iludito, O (Goldoni/Portugal), 30 McClymonds, Marita Petzoldt, 110 Lungi, Angelo, 178 mercy, 4, 222, 236, 242–246, 247, 252–254, 255–263, 266, 274, 280 Machiavelli, Niccolò, 115 Mesmer, Franz Anton, 90–91 Madama Butterfly (Giacosa-Illica/ Metastasio, Pietro, 58–62, 134, 313, See Puccini), 15, 270, 274 also clemenza di Tito, La; Zenobia Majo, Gian Francesco de (Ciccio), 129, 174 Adriano in Siria, 62 Mamczarz, Irène, 179 Issipile, 58 Manon Lescaut (Illica/Puccini), 14, 270 Mexico, 130, 309, See Montezuma operas Mansfield, William Murray, 1st Earl mezzo carattere, 9, 33, 62, 146, 162, 163, of, 241 164, 194, 202, 248, 263, 272 Marcello, Benedetto, 112 Michaels, Patrice, 302

Index 369

middle classes. See bourgeoisie pairs, 44–47 Middle East, 231, 244 popularity, 29 Mifflin, Thomas, 277 settings and productions, 30 Miller, Ann Riggs (Lady), 137 Montagu, Mary Wortley, 79 Molière Montezuma operas Don Juan, 217 (Cigna-Santi/Anfossi), 129, 131–132, 148 Moliterni, Pierfranco, 173 (Cigna-Santi/Galuppi), 129, 132, 203 Monari, Vincenzo, 99 (Cigna-Santi/Insanguine), 129 mondo alla roversa, Il (Goldoni/Galuppi), (Cigna-Santi/ Myslivecˇek), 129 96, 100 (Cigna-Santi/Paisiello), 129 mondo della luna, Il, 10–11 (Cigna-Santi/Sacchini), 129 (Goldoni/Astarita) 30 (Cigna-Santi/Zingarelli), 129, 165 ending, 101–102 (Frederick II-Tagliazucchi/Graun), “Tante volte ho inteso dire”, 63–64 11, 107–132 (Goldoni/Galuppi), 10, 30 “Ah, d’inflessibil sorte”, 127 act I finale, 86–87 argomento, 115 “Affetti non turbate”, 58–61 ballets, 120–124 “Ah pur troppo”, 62–63 conception and interpretation, ending, 101 108, 113 “Ingrato m’inganni”, 62 “Del mio destin tiranno”, 115 introduzione, 84–85 “Mostro che respiri”, 126 (Goldoni/Haydn), 10, 30, 32–37 as reformed opera, 114 act I finale, 87–90 “Si per la rea congiura”, 127 act II sinfonia, 193 “somiglia il buon monarca”, audience and reception, 74–76 117–120 ending, 102–106 stage design, 128 introduzione, 84–85 tragic ending, 117, 126, 132 “Ragion nell’alma siede”, 22, 64–74 as historical figure, 115 (Goldoni/Paisiello), 30, 91, 92 as opera subject, 4, 11, 112, 115, act I finale, 87 147, 181 introduzione, 85–86 pasticcio, 129, 132 (Goldoni/Piccinni), 30, 84, 92 moon, 29, 78, See also Behn, Aphra; isola act I finale, 87 della luna, L’; mondo della luna, Il; “Ciel ti guardi”, 62 regno della luna, Il alterations, 30–32 as allegory of America, 11, 96–106 finale, 44 as literary topos, 40–41, 86, 96–98, 100 gravity, 314 in Mesmer, 90 introduzione, 77–78 as utopia, 29, 33, 51, 73, 86, 89, 91–96 literary and operatic tradition, 37–44 More, Thomas opening of act II various versions, 91–92 Utopia, 230

370 Index

morte d’Odoardo, La, ballo (anonymous/ roles, 140–142 Stabingher), 227 Zelmiro-Silvia duet, 168 Morton, Brian N., 319 napoletani in America, Li (Cerlone- Motezuma (Giusti/Vivaldi), 203, 271, 281 Martinelli/Silvato), 141 stage design, 129 Native Americans, 19, 20, See also good Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 3, 6, See savage also clemenza di Tito, La; Così fan appearance, 82, 93, 209 tutte; Don Giovanni; Entführung as aristocracy, 25, 109, 122, 147, 163, aus dem Serail, Die; Idomeneo; 181, 311 nozze di Figaro, Le; quacquera Aztecs, 25, 163, 181 spiritosa, La (pasticcio); and British colonialism, 208, 223 Schauspieldirektor, Der; Californians, 187 Zauberﬂöte, Die as emblematic Americans, 205, 273 alla turca style, 326 as exotic, 120 and the American Revolution, 10, impulsive, 164 308–330 Incas, 25, 114, 163, 181 Classical Style, 26–27 Iroquois, 114 description of opera aria, 256 as masks, 203 and Italian opera, 22, 202, 312 as models of civilization, 114, 115, Mozart studies, 28, 330 183–185, 197 Mozart’s Da Ponte operas, 18, 46, 105, as opera characters. See Alzira; 272, 297, 316, 327 americana in Olanda, L’; Mozart’s Vienna, 19, 325, 330 americano, L’; Amiti e Ontario; recognition, 148 creduta selvaggia, La; huron, Le; multi-tempo aria, 257 Montezuma; napoletani in Muratori, Ludovico Francesco, 176 America, I; orfanella americana, Murphy, Thomas, 81 L’; selvaggio di California, Il religion, 114, 125, 182 napoletani in America, I (Cerlone/ as savages, 20, 180, 181–183, 188, 208 Piccinni), 5, 12, 14, 99, 133–169, 278 sincere, 235 chorus “Viva la bella Silvia felice”, as slaves, 233, 234, 248 143–144 women, 199, 207, 209, 220, 273, 278 chorus “Propizio il vento”, 169 Neville, Don, 257 exoticism, 121 New World dispute, xiii, 11, 172, 189–193, “Già che moro”, 162 209 “mme ﬁguro”, 159–161 New York, 18, 133, 316–317, 322 Native Americans, 181 newspapers. See gazettes “non temete”, 163–164 Newton, Isaac, 11, 32, 61, 78–79, 90, 110 “Quell’anima innocente”, 149–159 Nicolson, Marjorie Hope, 29 “Resta se vuoi”, 165–167 Nina (Lorenzi/Paisiello), 297

Index 371

Nixon in China (Goodman/Adams), 4 representation of society, 46, 262, noble savage. See good savage 286, 306, See also aristocracy; nozze di Figaro, Le (Da Ponte/Mozart), bourgeoisie 10, 309–322, See also stylistic levels, 6, 252, 306 Beaumarchais vs. opera seria, 2, 8–9, 18, 167 cast, 22, 256, 308 orfanella americana, L’ (Bertati/ conception, 324 Anfossi), 4, 5, 11, 50, 148, duettino “Sull’aria”, 312–316 205–227, 278 last finale, 222 Bentley-Zeda duet, 210–216 money, 309 literary source, 206 premiere, 308 premiere, 203 recognition scene, 311 roles, 205, 206, 273 “Se vuol ballare”, 327 Orfeo ed Euridice (Calzabigi/Gluck), 92, 116, 237 Obama, Barack, 1 Ortes, Giammaria, 205 Obama, L’ (opera subject), 1–2, Ovid 4, 22 Amores, 56 Once Upon a Time in the West, 271 Metamorphoses, 7, 116, 290–291 opera Oviedo, Hernández de, 181 acting, 22 Owen, Susan J., 52 audience, 22–25, 36, 54, 74–76 debates Pace, Antonio, 16, 174 Piccinni vs. Gluck, 172, 173–175 Paine, Thomas, 97 Querelle des Bouffons, 118 Paisiello, Giovanni, 6, See also barbiere di and fashion, 209 Siviglia, Il; filosofi immaginari, I; as industry, 3 gare generose, Le; mondo della Italian opera as international genre, 2, luna, Il; Montezuma; Nina; 20, 29, 330 quacquera spiritosa, La (pasticcio); as myth, 6–7 serva padrona, La; zingari in plot structures, 22 fiera, Gli reforms, 109–114, 120, 124, 175 Palin, Sarah, 1 representation of reality, 3–4, 139, Palmer, Robert, 16 269, 278 Palomba, Giuseppe, See also gare theaters, 23 generose, Le; quakera spiritosa, La; variants, 8, 21, 30–32, 37, 256–261 zingari in fiera, Gli visual events, 55, 127–132, 217–218 Paradis, Maria Theresia, 91 opera buffa Parthenopaean Republic, 142 character types, 6, 9, 17, 229, 252, pasticcio, 8, 298, 307, See also Montezuma 272, 273 (pasticcio); quacquera spiritosa, La parody, 54 (pasticcio)

372 Index

patriarchy, 44, 46, 47–50, 207, See also italiani in America, Gli; mondo American revolution: anti- della luna, Il; napoletani in patriarchalism America, I; pescatrice, La; regno in Aphra Behn, 50 della luna, Il; Zenobia challenge of, 10, 31, 39, 47–50, 62, 70, early biography, 189 96, 187, 217, 281, 329 interest in American themes, 9, 99 and regicide, 51 and Rousseau, 189 renunciation of, 215, 218 and sensibility, 9, 41, 146 suppression of, 46, 89, 217, 226 vs. Gluck, 12, 173–175, 193 transfer and usurpation of power, 220 Piccolo, Francesco Maria, 176 Pauw, Cornelius Franciscus de, 11, Pirrotta, Nino, 216 191, 192 Pisani, Michael, 120, 123 Paxton Boys, 276 Pizzoli, Rosa, 206 Pellissier, Victor Plato, 55–58 The Launch, or Huzza for the Platoff, John, 151 Constitution, 18 Pluto, 293 Penn, William, 135, 292 Polin, Giovanni, 29, 31 Penni, Berenice, 45 Polybius, 230 Penni, Serafina, 45 Poriss, Hilary, 21 Pennsylvania, 138, 179, 230, 232, 233, Porpora, Nicola, 174 238–239, 247, 248, 249, 250, Porta, Nunziato. See americana in 267, 275 Olanda, L’; convitato di pietra, Il Perez, David, 174 Prévost, Antoine-François abbé Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 118, 174, See L’histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de also serva padrona, La Manon Lescaut, 15, 137, 270 periodicals. See gazettes Prima la musica poi le parole (Casti/ Peru, 114–115, 207, 231 Salieri), 295–297 Peruvian, The (Marmontel/Hook), 172 propaganda, 17–18, 39, 106 pescatrice, La (Goldoni/Piccinni), Puccini, Giacomo, 14–15, 270–271, See 147, 148 also fanciulla del West, La; pescatrice fedele, La. See vera costanza, La Madama Butterfly; Manon Lescaut pescatrici, Le (Goldoni/Haydn), 34–36 Pulcinella da quacquero. See Jerocades, Peter Leopold of Habsburg, 179, See also Antonio Leopold II, emperor Purcell, Henry, 97 Petrarch, 279 Petrobelli, Pierluigi, 34 quacquera spiritosa, La (pasticcio), 5, 6, 8, Philadelphia, 12, 81, 135, 137, 238 271, 297–307 Philips, Edith, 16, 228, 264 Cimarosa’s “Quanto grave”, 301, Piccinni, Niccolò, 6, 231, See also 303–306 americano, L’; buona figliuola, La; finales, 306

Index 373

Gazzaniga’s “Le donne quacquero; orfanella americana, m’insegnarono”, 301 L’; Prima la musica poi le parole; Haydn’s contribution, 298 quacqueri, I; quakera spiritosa, La Mozart’s “No caro”, 301–303 gunslingers, 17, 202, 269, 271–274 in Mozart’s Vienna, 308, 324 as a type, 100, 229, 230, 236, Paisiello’s contribution, 298 249, 284 Süssmayr’s contribution, 298 Quaker women, 6, 7, 95, 278, 281, Tognino-Vertunna duet, 299–301 283–286, 292–295, 296 Villeneuve’s contribution, 209, 297 religion, 13, 294 quacqueri, I (Bertati/Rossetti), 205 and slavery, 229, 233–239, 242–246, quakera spiritosa, La (Palomba/ 251, 266, See also slavery Guglielmi), 5, 6–8, 50, 229, 269, unconventional behavior, 95, 236, 281–292 238, 258 “che tetra selva nera”, 286 Quantz, Johann Joachim, 109 at Eszterháza, 37 Quilici, Niccola, 206 “Kerchenbeuten”, 283–285 “Mio visin pinguetto e tondo”, Rameau, Jean-Philippe, 125 288–289 Ratner, Leonard G., 151 “Paggi, servi e damerini”, 286 Raynal, Guillaume-Thomas, Abbé de, plot, 283 192, 205, 232, 233, 249 representation of the American regno della luna, Il (Anonymous/ woman, 281 Piccinni), 96–100 Tognino-Vertunna duet, 287–288 religion, 84, 177, 232, See also Anglicans; Tognino’s misogynist arias, 287 Catholics; Native Americans; “Vo’ soletta”, 286 Quakers quakera spiritosa, La (Palomba/ critique of, 111–112, 115, 125 Valentini), 289 Rice, John A., 107, 108, 297, 324 Quakers Richardson, Samuel in the American Revolution, 7, 230, Pamela, 9, 41, 147 269, 275–277 Righini, Vincenzo. See convitato di pietra, Il as businessmen, 20, 238, 264–265 Robbins, Tim, 315 in European imagination, 16, 37, 228, Robertson, William, 37 236, 264–266, 277–278 Robinson, Michael, 256 Franklin as a Quaker, 81, 82 Roman syndrome, 325, 330 good-Quaker myth, 15, 235 rondo aria, 257–258, 261, 301, 303 as masks, 203 Rosen, Charles, 113 as opera characters, 13–14, See also Rosen, David, 14 americana in Olanda, L’; Amiti e Rossi, Franco, 269 Ontario; creduta selvaggia, La; Rossini, Gioacchino, 14, See also cambiale Jerocades’s Pulcinella da di matrimonio, La

374 Index

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 11, 119, 140, Silence of the Lambs, The, 291 189, 323 Sisman, Elaine, 265 good-savage myth, 176, 179, 180, slavery, 20, 229, 232–233, 234, 240–242, 244, 183–185, 189 249, 251, 266, 267–268, See also music of oral tradition, 190 Quakers and slavery in the Querelle, 118, 173, 174, 189 in Europe, 35 Russell, Charles, 216 Smith, Patrick, 109 Russian Revolution, 18 societal issues Russo, Francesco Paolo, 234 hierarchies and conventions, 29, 33, 44, 184, 201, 229, 317, 329 Sacchini, Antonio, 174 rank, 9, 23–24, 45, 147, 207, 229, Salieri, Antonio. See Prima la musica poi 266, 329 le parole stylistic levels, 33, 65 Scarlatti, Giuseppe, 234 subversion of social order, 96, 184 Schauspieldirektor, Der (Stephanie/ Socrates, 57 Mozart), 295 Solís, Antonio, 122 Scherillo, Michele, 98 Sommerset, James (judicial case), schiavi per amore, Gli (Palomba/ 240–242, 244 Paisiello), 257 sonata form, 22, 65, 67 Schmid-Bortenschlager, Sigrid, 291 South Carolina, 264, 308 scuola de’ maritati, La (Da Ponte/ sovereignty, 4, 23, 281 Martín), 50, 198 and America, 25 Seinsheim, Adam Friederich, prince and and Beaumarchais, 318 bishop, 178 enlightened monarchy, 11 Sellars, Peter, 316–317 and family, 280, See also family selvaggio di California, Il (anonymous/ patriarchy Fioravanti), 5, 171, 188 in heroic opera, 297 Semiramide (Zeno/Vivaldi), 279 and opera seria, 107 Senici, Emanuele, 218, 271 and the Solar System, 82 sensibility/sentimentality, 9, 41, 141–142, Spanish Conquista, 13, See also Cortez; 147, 163 Montezuma operas; Peru Sepùlveda, Juan de, 181 Spinelli, Donald C., 319 serva padrona, La (Federico/Paisiello), 253 Stabingher, Mattia. See morte “A Serpina penserete”, 254 d’Odoardo, La serva padrona, La (Federico/Pergolesi), Steinberg, Michael P., 216 118, 254, 266 Storace, Nancy, 22, 256, 257, 261, 295, Seven Years War, 16, 108, 205 297, 308 Sharpless, Isaac, 252 Strohm, Reinhard, 3, 24, 254 Shawshank Redemption, The, 315 Süssmayr, Franz Xaver. See quacquera Shewmake, Antoniette, 318 spiritosa, La (pasticcio)

Index 375

Tagliazucchi, Giampietro. See Vergennes, Charles Gravier, count of, Montezuma (Frederick 317, 318, 321, 328 II-Tagliazucchi/Graun) Verri, Pietro, 13 Tanucci, Bernardo, 136 viaggiatore americano in Joannesberg, Il Tartini, Giuseppe, 190 (Pintus/Dittersdorf ), 5 Tasca, Luigi, 206, 221 Vico, Giambattista, 7, 74, 291 Thomas, Helen, 1 Vignola, Cesare, 184 Tiepolo, Giambattista, 179 Villeneuve, Louise, 22, 206, 209, 297 Till, Nicholas, 32, 328–330 Villinger, Christine, 98 Tonti, Enrico, 182 Virginia, 27, 139, 140, 168, 169, 181, 241 Tocqueville, Alexis de, 201 Vivaldi, Antonio, 112, See also Farnace; Townshend Acts, 134 Griselda; Motezuma; Traetta, Filippo. See Trajetta, Phil Semiramide Traetta, Tommaso, 174 Voltaire, 114 Trajetta, Phil, 174 Alzire, 111–112, 165, 206 transatlantic culture, 15–6, 25, 207–209, Essai sur les mœurs, 188–189 308–309, 316, 325, 327, See also ingénu, L’, 173, 185 America in European on Quakers, 228 imagination Voss, Steﬀen, 128 Treadwell, Nina, 290 Tritto, Giacomo. See convitato di pietra, Waldoﬀ, Jessica, 145, 311 Il; creduta selvaggia, La Washington, George, 49, 75, 277 Trumbull, John, 327 Watteau, Jean Antoine, 39 Webster, James, 27, 151, 157, 257, 325 utopia. See also moon Weissenwolf, Maria Anna, 32 American, 16, 190, 230–231, West, Benjamin, 81, 327 267, 270 Wieland, Christof Martin, 328, 329 dystopia, 101 Wood, Gordon, 13, 264 female, 50 World of the Moon (Settle/Purcell), golden age, 75 97, 264 in Mesmer, 91 Wouters Wasse [or Vasse], Cornélie, in Plato, 56 Baronne de and revolution, 39 char volant, ou voyage dans la lune, Le, 98 Vecchi, Paola, 90 Venturi, Franco, 16, 49 Yankee Chronology, or Huzza vera costanza, La (Puttini/Anfossi), for the Constitution 148 (1812), 18 Verdi, Giuseppe, 14, See also Alzira; ballo Yariko. See Chamfort, La jeune in maschera, Un indienne

376 Index

Zauberﬂöte, Die (Schikaneder/Mozart), zingari in ﬁera, Gli (Palomba/Paisiello), 58, 70–73 299 Zenobia (Metastasio/Piccinni), 134 Zinzendorf, Carl von, 36, 256, 307 Zingarelli, Niccolò Antonio [Nicola]. See zite ‘ngalera, Li (Saddumene/Vinci), 290 Alzira; Montezuma Žižek, Slavoj, 244