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FIFTY JULY CENTS 1956

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FOIJNDED 1878

JUL 3 1 1956

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THE MILITIA OF THE COMMONWEALTH: THE NATIONAL GUARD By MR(;iNIA WALLER DA\ LS

GEORGE MASON'S ISLAND VHiGINIA BUSINESS REVIEW Felicitations to GENERAL CRUMP and the VIRGINIA NATIONAL GUARD

from tlu WAYNESBORO AUTOMOBILE DEALERS

WE SALUTE

THE VIRGINIA

NATIONAL GUARD

TELEPHONES FOR HANDS-FREE TALKING

VAUGHAN You can do more work in less time with the help of the new Speakerphone. The Speaker- phone has its own microphone and adjustable loudspeaker, leaves your hands free to make notes, take orders, use your files while you talk or listen. Others in the office can join in the conversation. And you don't even have to pick up the receiver. The Speakerphone is just one of the mod• Bankers ern services we have for business. There are many others you ought to know about. No matter how specialized your communication needs, we can fill them. A call to our Business Office will give you all the details.

FRANKLIN THE CHESAPEAKE & POTOMAC TELEPHONE COMPANY 0/ OF VIRGINIA VIRGINIA A company of more than 9.000 Virginians providing good telephone service for their friends and neighbors. AN INDEPENDENT PUBLICATION—FOUNDED 1878 TO TELL THE VIRGINIA STORY accent. The directions are very compli• cated. I remember that the courteous young man with the molasses accnt DONNA Y. LAURINO CLIFFORD DOWDEY said that when we reached a fork, with Business Editor Editor "a lot of what-all" on a tree pointing in one direction, we should go to the JULIA GWIN AULT FRANCES GORDON other. I'his thing we did, between Associate Editor Managing Editor fields of young-planted corn and old

Published Monlhly At The State Capital woods, thick with creeper and wild Copyright 1956 By By Virginia Publishers Wing, Inc. grape, until we landed on a fine ex• VIRGINIA RECORD EDITORIAL OFFICES: panse of the York River at the home of 303 West Main Street "Second Class Mail Privileges a jjleasant farmer-lady who lived in a Phones 7.2122-7-6717 Authorized at Richmond, Va." (oltage called (rightly) "Salt Air." SUBSCRIPTION PER YEAR $4; TWO YEARS $7 This good woman re-directed us bat k toward the "what-all" signs, and Please address all mail to: pointed out that we must take a trail VIRGINIA RECORD, P. O. Drawer 2-Y, Richmond 5, Va. below that. VIRGINIA RECORD ii an independent publication cooperating with all organizations that have for their ob• jectives the welfare and development of Virginia. While this publication carries authoriutive articles and We found the trail, which was a features on statewide and local industrial, business, governmental and civic organizations, they are in no other < upheinism, and persevered between resi>ect resi>onsiblc for the contents hereof. more woods and cornfields—thick with birds of all kind, and one stately phi as- VOLUME LXXVIII JULY 1956 NUMBER SEVEN ant^—until we entered a slumbrous thi( ket of honey-suckle, creepers crawl• ing up live-oak and magnolia. There, A Trip to Rosewell turning the car into the brush, we saw the ghostly columns of the Rosewell ruins arising behind the green screen. N THE LAST issue of VIRGINIA as our "home-building" magazines are I RECORD, we mentioned the dere- published today. The assumption is I remember that we—a doctor and a littion of the .state in regard to the that plantation families formed from music Ian and I—had been joking a lot preservation of its physical past. That these books a general concept of their as we rolled in and out of the road's sj)( ( itically concerned Hanover County. desire, and brought in professionals— pits back and forth from "Salt Air," Siiuc then I have taken a trip to the (ailed "master workmen"—to work out and that all at once nobody could say a remains of the mansion — called by the details. These unknown architects word. The ruins were too awesome. Waterman the greatest in the Ameri- would be a good Ph.D. thesis for some We moved single-file through the ( an c olonies—which the Pages built on student on Virginia, but, in the absence ankle-deep vines and under the brush, the York in Gloucester County. There of such a thesis, we know only that shooting pictures from all angles, as a were perhaps more beautiful houses in such men of special training, skill and means of establishing our own identity Virginia, if it came to an argument, imagination did live in the period, be• in terms of this lost grandeur, until we but, according to all authorities, none ginning roughly 1725, when the first of reached the back. There one-half of the was so magnificent and impressive as the great houses were built. four-story wall had fallen, with a pile Rosewell. These poor fellows of talent were of bricks on what 200 years before had In the early eighteenth century, Vir• called in to build monuments of pride, been an entrance porch, and we could ginia's plantation-class had thoroughly what today we would call "conspicuous stare into the massiveness of the in• established themselves in wealth and consumption." The consumption was terior. Trees as well as vines grew up power, and—looking to their models in so conspicuous at Rosewell that two {Continued on page 22) the British country gentry—the new generations of the Mann Pages were colonial aristocrats turned to building impoverished in building it. The house COVER NOTE: mansions which symbolized their posi• later went out of the family, and Richmond Grays man 57-mm rifle in tion as had the feudal lords built castles. nothing exists today except three-and- Capitol Scjuare as guardsmen mobilize. Probably an impetus had been given one-half roofless walls enclosing the (National Guard Photo) the rich planters by Spotswood's elab• vine-covered debris of fallen brick. Yet, oration and adornment of the new gov• those barren walls, posted with signs of ernor's house in Williamsburg, whose BEWARE FALLING BRICKS, expenses were so large that the com• evoke more hauntingly the grandeur CONTENTS — plaining called it of eighteenth-t entury Virginia than al• The Virginia National Guard .... 4 "The Palace." In any event, in a 20- most anything I have seen. by VIRGINIA WALLER DAVIS year period after the completion of the From Richmond, you drive down to Clever People. These Chinese .... 8 Palace there occurred a rash of build• Williamsburg and that lovely highway by FREDERICK RUSSELL ing great houses unequalled in any to Yorktown, and then at ross the new American colony. bridge built over the wide York River. 's Island 9 by MOLLIE SOMERVILLE Until recently the legend existed Some seven miles beyond Gloucester whic h made each planter his own ar• Point, if you are very alert, you will Virginia Business Review 10 chitect. This is manifestly absurd, or so find a totally unhelpful state-marker by WILLIAM BIEN mu(h would not have been made of at a vacated store bearing in dim letters Letters to the Editor 20 Jefferson in the following generation the words White Marsh. You must for his architet tural talents. I'he weal• there stop and inquire of the attendants Mental Health 25 at a nearby garage, who will give you thy colonials owned books, with plates, Index to Advertisers 26 published by English architects much the directions in a deep-dish country'

JULY 1956 PAGE THREE The Militia of the Commonwealth: TKe Virginia National Guard

(Editor's note: The information for this article was obtained from official records and manuscripts assembled in the office of the Adjutant General by Colonel H. W. Holt, Assistant Adjutant General {Air], and from other records in the State and Congressional Libraries.)

militia each man served under the coimnand of the "com• mander" of the various plantations, or the t onunander of his county, who was a Colonel or Major, commissioned by the (Foster Studio) Governor. Brigadier General Sheppard Crump, Adjutant General of Units of today's Virginia National Guard trace their lin• Virginia. eage back to the Colonial Militia, and to the illustrious "Vir• ginia Regiment" whit h had such famous commanding ofl[i- cers as George and . Composed of militia from many Virginia counties, its history tells the By VIRGINIA WALLER DAVIS Virginia story, from the mountains to the sea. What is the Virginia National Guard today? Its man• power is close to 8,000 strong with more than 100 separate C4"OiGHTiNG against our enemies, whomsoever." That, in a units composing its 20-odd organizations with headquarters jO nutshell, is the story of the Virginia Mihtia. A story in 40-odd different areas of the Commonwealth. that began to unfold when the earliest pioneers first "hit the Regardless of occupations or responsibilities, the members beaeh" at Jamestown in 1607, and was rolling at full speed of the Virginia National Guard drill once each week and, when the deseendants of those men were the first to "hit the for many of its members, the annual summer encampments, beaeh" at Normandy, on "D-Day" 338 years later. of 15 days each, means the sacrifice of vat ations. In times of In the mind's eye tin- militia pieture might be long lines peace it is not so easy to pay strit t attention to military duty ol iiKiK hing men. the glint of sunshine on bayonets at "|jr( - but on drill nights those lights flick on in armories across the sent arms," the dancing plumes atop dress helmets, the Connnonwealth, regardless of weather or weariness. rumble of heavy artillery, the "aek-aek" of Anti Air( latt These men are trained by Officers of the Regular Army, guns, or the spine tingling musit of the bands, lint it is also detailed to Virginia as instructors and advisers. Uniforms of the buekskin-elad militia of the earliest days of the young and equipment are provided by the Federal Government nation, on the alert for Indian attaek . . . the flash of the and members are paid from Federal funds. bright uniforms of the "Colonials" and the blue of the Revo• The overall directitm of all matters pertaining to the Vir• lutionary soldier. It is the militiaman called to arms lor the ginia National Guard is the responsibility of the Adjutant War of 1812 ... off to Mexico in 1846. It is the long lines ol (M iieral of Virginia who heads the Division of Military nu n in gray in the War Hetwi-en the States, and in blur m Affairs. khaki in the Spanish .Xmcric an. Mcxic an Border and World The title "Adjutant General" is an ancient and honorable Wars I and II. It is of the jaimty "overseas ea|)s" and mud- one liaving first been established in 1728 when Major Abra• spattered "battle fatigiu's" ... for Virginia's militarv tra• ham Nicholas was appointed by the Royal Governor, "to be dition was begun when troojjs estahlished the first outposts in Adjutant to all his Majesty's Militia both Horse and Foot the new nation to be, where for generations the frontier within this Colony anci Dominion of Virginia." (Count il militiaman kcjjt his bolstered pistol stra|)|jecl to his plow han• Journal. dle, and his musket his constant comijanion. Other Virginia The first ajjpointment was brought about by the (|iiiic militiamen have tontinued that "on the alert" in all wars obvit)us need ft)r st)me uniform metht)d t)f training, rather of the State and nation, and, in times of peace, have re• than the casual "exercising on holy days" by the plantation mained "on the alert" for any emergency, riots, disasters or and county commanders. I'he Governor informed the Coun• threat.s of violence. cil that he had studied a plan through which the militia For the past 40 years (1916) this militia of Virginia has might be most useful and "had prepared a form of exerc ise operated under the name Virginia National Guard. For as well for the foot as the horse" but it was necessary to have nearly a century and a quarter before that time it was t ailed some person to train and instruct them "so as being once the Virginia Volunteers, but in the earliest clays of the tlis( ij)lined in one imiform method of exerc isc they shall be

PAGE FOUR VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 more useful when there shall be occa• sion to call together the troops of sev• eral counties for the defence of the Country . . "Major" Nicholas, having won the approval of members of the Council, anic '.Adjutant General" Nicholas and was charged "... carefully and diligently to discharge the duty of Ad• jutant by doing and performing all and all manner of things thereunto belong• ing: particularly by taking care that all the Militia both horse and foot as well officers and soldiers, within all and every county of this Colony and Do• minion of Virginia be taught the use of the Firelock, Firing in Plattoons, Marching and Counter Marching, and all other things that Officers and Sol• diers ought to know and do. . . ." All (ounty officers were also ordered to appoint a time and phuc for the mem• bers of their companies to receive in• struction in the new uniform military' training and organization, and, as a parting directive to the newly ap• pointed Adjutant General, the Royal Governor charged him with following ington in 1742 and Assistant Adjutant General, who was orders and directions which from time in 1752. By the time the latter suc• appointed last February to succeed the to time he would receive from "his ceeded to the title, however, the job late Samuel Gardner Waller, Adjutant Majesty, myself, or any of the Com• had grown so big and the militia so General of Virginia for the past 24 manding Officers in the several counties numerous that it was decided to divide years. and to act upon all oc( asions according the into four part'^ There is little, if anything, about to the Rules and Discipline of War." with four Adjutants General: George "the Guard" that General Crump does Washington for the Southern District; not know since he joined the Richmond He must have conducted himself in (;(()rge Muse for the "Middle Neck": Blues in 1903 at the age of 21 and has a manner pleasing to the "powers that William Fitzhugh for the Northern stepped right along from private, to be" for upon his death in 1738 they Neck and Thomas Bentley for the Sergeant in the Mexican border affair, noted the success of his operations and Frontier District, with Washington and on up through the ranks, and over• voted to continue the office. His succes• transferring to his beloved "Northern seas servi( (' in 1918, until being named sor was Captain Isham Randolph, who Neck" when Fitzhugh moved from the Lt. Colonel in 1922. Four years later represented Gooc hland County in the colony. he became U. S. Property and Disburs• House of Burgesses and, upon his death, Virginia's Adjutant General today is ing Officer in the office of the Adjutant two members of the Brigadier General Sheppard Crump, General, and continued in this job until were his successors: Lawrence Wash• Henrico County native and former named Assistant Adjutant General in 1941. The Governor of Virginia is, as al• ways, Commander-in-Chief of the Vir• ginia National Guard and may sum• mon them to active duty whenever the occasion demands. Today's Militia . . . Virginia National Guard . . . has, since 1933, been a part

Photo at top of page: members of the 149th Bomb Squadron, Richmond unit of the Virginia Air Na• tional Guard are shown before taking off for two weeks of Summer training at Hancock Field, Syra• cuse, . Reviewing flight plans beside a B- 26 bomber at Byrd Field, Richmond, are (left to right) Staff Sergeant R. E. Evans, Staff Sergeant S. A. Crostic, Airman First Class R. W. Muncy and First lAeutenant Stuart E. Tompkins. (Photo, Rich• mond Newspapers, Inc.) I^eft: two Virginia ser• geants guard an approach to their bivouac area with a rifle and light machine gun at Indiantown Gap Military Reservation, Penna. during the summer en• campment of the 29th Infantry Division. Left to right are Sfc. Edgar L. Vest of Christiansburg, and Sfc. Edward Wilson Reves of liadford. Both guards• men are members of Company C. 116th Infantry Regiment. to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE FIVE (Alexandria) and 413th Ordnance De- | tachment (South Norfolk). In addition to the above groupings, the city of Danville is headquarters for the .")60th Field Artillery Battalion coin- posed of Heachiiiai ters Battery, Servic e Battery and A Battery, all located in Danville. Lhe 149th Bombardment Squadron Virginia Notional of the Air National Guard of Virginia Guardsmen pre• is composed of approximately 375 Air• pare for battle men and 50-odd officers and is based at practice under the Confederate flag. Byrd Field, Richmond. Members of the Fredericksburg INCLUDES TWO BANDS Tank Company of the National Since no military group would be Guard, in summer complete without the music of the training at Indian- bands, the Guard is proud to include town Gap, Pa., are (left to right) Ser• two among its units. These arc the 90th geant Sam Bandy Army Band of Roanoke and the 221st and Lieutenant Al- Army Band of Petersburg. vin Bandy, broth• l he 176th and 116th Infantry Regi• ers, and Sergeants Charles W. Mc- ments trace their lineage to the illus• Leo d, Richard trious "Virginia Regiment" while the Haynes and John 116th also proudly bears the soubriquet Lee. (U.S. Army of "Stonewall Brigade" for valor at a Photograph) later day. According to official records (r- nized and approved by the War De• of the National Guard of the United Staunton, Roanoke, Blacksburg, Lex• partment), the earliest predecessor to States, « rcated in that year. As sueh it ington, Bedford, Martinsville, Radford, the 176th Regiment was organized in is a reserve eoinponent of the Army of Gate City, Lynchburg, South Boston, 1652 as the Charles City-Henrico the United States, governed by rules Fannville, Winchester, Charlottesville Counties Regiment of Militia, but this and regulations prescribed by the De• and Harrisonburg. All units of the Militia, along with the militia from partments of the Army and the Air 111th are in Norfolk and the 227th has other Virginia counties formed a Fon ('. All units and officers of the Vir• units in Covington, Lynchburg and united front in "The Virginia Regi• ginia National Guard are recognized Clifton Forge. Units of the 129th are ment" in the year 1754. This Regiment and accredited by the War Department in Portsmouth, Suffolk, Franklin and was, in turn, expanded in 1 758 to form and all members take a dual oath of Onancock. two Regiments, the First Infantry, allegiance as members of both the Na• The component parts of the 176th conmianded by George Washington tional Guard of Virginia and that of Regimental Combat Team are the and the Second Infantry commanded the United States. In the event of war 176th Infantry with units in Richmond, by William Byrd. The Second Regi• they an- almost automatically indiK ted Powhatan, Fredericksburg, Petersburg, ment was soon mustered out but the into active Federal service. Hopewell, Blackstone, Emporia and Virginia Regiment was destined to be In the Virginia National Guard to• West Point: the 442nd Field Artillery organized and reorganized many times. day there are an array of units of In• Battalion with all units in Richmond In 1774, as the Dunrnore Brigade , it fantry, Artillery, Anti Aircraft. Engi- plus the 189th Engineer Combat Com• was commanded by General Andrew neeis. Ordnance and Signal, JJIUS liands pany (Frederic ksburg) and the 3647th Lewis and, reconstituted as the "1st and Air Force. Ordnance Company (Richmond). Virginia" in 1775, it was commandi ci by Colonel Patrick Henry, and trans- The 107th AAA Brigade has the fol• GUARD'S MAJOR COMPONI N I S leiicd to the in lowing Battalions: 418th (Chatham) 1776. The major com|)()nents of the (Jiiard with units in Saleni, Rocky Mount, are the 29th Division (Virginia Part), Chatham, and Alta Vista; 710th (New• The names and numerals designating the 176th Regimental Combat IVani port News) with units in Newport the many different organizations com- and the 107th Anti Aircraft Artillery News, Hampton and Williamsburg; pc sing the old Militia and present day Brigade. 12')th with all units in Alexandria: Virginia National Guard have been changed .so continually through the The 29th Division (Virginia Pait). ()ir)ih (South Norfolk) with units in years that to trace even one of the with headquarters in Norfolk, iiu ludes South Norfolk. Smithficld, and Virginia older units is a job to make spots dance the 116th Infantry, with headcjuarters Beac h, |)lus the following smaller units: before the eyes. The traditions, how• in Staunton: the 11 I th Field Artillery, 107th Brigade Headquarters Batter v ever, have remained the same and the with headquarters in Norfolk; the (Sandston), 224th Group Headquar• history of each group is a story in 227th Field Artillery with headquarters ters Battery (Glen Allen), 213th AAA itself. in Covington and the 129th Anti Air• Detachment (Sandston), 177th AAA craft Artillery with headquarters in Detachment (Manassas), 1.51st Signal There is the official record in 1628 Portsmouth plus smaller units: the 29th Detachment (South Norfolk), 1.52nd of Lt. 1 homas Osborne being ap• Signal Company (Norfolk) and the Signal Detachment (Newport News), pointed Captain in conmiand of "the 29th Reconnaissance Company (Berry- 377th Signal Detachment (Alexan• College" and "Neck of Land" planta• ville). 'Lhe 116th Infantry has units in dria), 412th Ordnance Detachment tions, Colony of Virginia, and in 1632

PAGE SIX VIRGINIA RECORD the "commanders" of all plantations press insurrections and repel invasions." originally organized in 1742 as the were not only ordered to exercise their This was "the Militia Act" of 1792 and Augusta County Regiment of Militia, men but also to take an exact muster all men between 18 and 45 were mem• commanded by Colonel James Patton, of all their po.ssessions . . . cattle, hogs, bers of the militia and Virginia's In• and which became a part of the earliest goats, gardens, houses and equipment, fantry was organized into four divi• "Virginia Regiment." Today, with and "if they shall make default to be sions, 21 brigades and 126 regiments. headquarters in Staunton and com• censured by the Governor and Coun• State finances did not permit extensive manded by Colonel Archibaltj A. sel." training but the larger communities Sproul, it carries the following Cam• There is the interesting record in supported well drilled small units, and paign Streamers: Revt)lutionary War— 1645 of the Militia being ordered by in 1794 the Virginia Vt)lunteers was or• Virginia, 1775, Brandywine, German- the Council to proceed to the falls of ganized and became an all important town, Monmouth, Yorktown, South the Appomattox River, under the com• factor in the life of the Commonwealth. Carolina, 1780-81, , mand of Major Peter Jones, and, for The name was not changed until 1916 1781; War of 1812—, 1814; the protection of the settlers, to estab• when one of the many "new" Defense War Between the States—Virginia, lish a fort there at the present site of Acts was passed, but after 1903 all 1861, 1862, 1863 —First and Second Petersburg, and a graphic description, state militia came under Federal in• Manassas, Valley, Peninsula, Sharps- 20-odd years later (1666) of the mili• spection and supervision for the pur• burg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, tary districts of Virginia, "... as ye pose of uniformity in training and Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, country is divided in 19 counties so it tjuit ker and more effective mobiliza• Cold Harbor, Maryland, 1864, Shenan• is into 4 provinces . . ." and every tion in event of an emergency. doah, Petersburg, Appomattox; World county seemed not only to have a regi• War I — Alsat:e, Mouse - Argonne; ment but also a troop of horse, plus COLORFUL NAMES World War II—Normandy (with ar• "... a captain of ye fort by commis• Units of the Virginia National rowhead) Northern France, Rhine- sion from ye King and a Captain of ye Guard have, through the years, had land. C'cntral Europe. Guard by commission from ye Gov• many colorful names: Fairfax Militia, The Decorations won by this Regi• ernor, as all ye other officers are ..." Montitellt) Guards, Culpeper Minute ment int hide: Distinguished Unit Laws governing the Militia have Men. Hath Rifles, Spotswood Guards, Streamer embroidered Normandy been made, revised, countermanded Grimes Battery, Huntington Guards, Beachhead and Streamer in the colors and remade since the earliest years but Hoge Tyler Rifles and many, many of the French Croix de Guerre, with in 1792 the "Militia Laws of the Com- more plus all of the illustrious com• palm, embroidered Beaches of Nor• nu)nvvealth of Virginia" together with panies of "Blues," "Grays," and How• mandy. In addition to these, the Dis• the Acts of Congress of the U. S. were itzers. tinguished Unit Streamer embroidered published and became the Military Virginia's Militia has served in all VIRE, and Streamer in the colors of bible "more effectually to provide for wars, beginning with the French and the Croix de Guerre, with silver-gilt the national defense by establishing an Indian and continuing until the present star, embroidered VIRE, were won by uniform militia throughout the United day and many units may carry proof of Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion States, and for t ailing forth the militia this proud record on their "Campaign (Roanoke), Headquarters Company, to execute the laws of the union, sup• Streamers." 2nd Battalion (Lynchburg) and Com• The most numerous of all Campaign panies A (Bedford), H (Lynchburg) Streamer honors are carried by the and M (Harrisonburg), while Service 116th Infantry (Stonewall Brigade) Company (Roanoke) is entitled to tht^ Meritorious Unit Streamer embroid• ered EUROPEAN THEATER. {Continued on page 13)

y

The famous "Rich• mond Blues" march on Floyd Avenue in a Memorial Day Parade. (Photo, Richmond Newspapers, Inc.) HE CAPITAL of the Old Dominion Laundry was washed by hand and T seems an incongruous place for l)i( ssed with flatirons until about 1912. Orientals to settle. \\ { Richmond is Men wore detached collars, which in• home to some 150 Chinese residents creased hand labor. When Jimmy Woo and about 50 Chinese (hildren, ac- came to Richmond from Canton by eording to Jimmy Woo, who for two way of San Francisco after the First years was Secretary of the Chinese W^orld War, his cousin Charlie Woo Merchants Association and each Christ• had one of the first steam pressing ma• mas Eve appears as one of the Wise c-bines. Modern equipment has short• Men in the pageant at the Carillon. ened considerably the old 12 to 15 The Chinese in Richmond are com• hours' working days endured in Chinese paratively recent arrivals. The first to laundries. Within the past 17 years, settle here a little more than 70 years only six Chinese laundries in Richmond ago was Yet Sing Woo. He came over have closed and those were due mostly from the province of Wan Chow in to landlords wanting the buildings or China and started a laundry. He would ilie shortage of help. be more than 90 if he were alive today. Laundryman Cleo Woo offers an in• The first Chinese family settled in teresting theory as to why so many Richmond 50 years ago, another Woo Chinese men have gone into that busi• with his wife, a son and a daughter. ness- Not, he says, because they are They also went into the laundry busi• particularly adept at it. They originally ness. Woos were predominant in Rich• considered it women's work. The first mond until 20 years ago. Chinese in this country were laborers on The Chinese in Richmond never the railroad in the west facing dailv the have grouped together, as in San Fran• perilous choice of being killed by Indi• cisco and New York, into what might ans or robbed by Mexicans. Also in be considered even vaguely a China• those days, laundry was loaded on ships, town. They are scattered all over the taken away to be washed and often not city. Thirty of them own laundries, six returned for six months. Woo thinks restaurants. Four have their own that the first Chinamen took to doing homes. Most of the others live in or laundry not only as a less hazardous above their places of business. job, but also as an accommodation to Richmond's oldest Chinese resident get hac k clean clothes quicker. today is Fook Woo. He will Ix 77 his Chinese laundrymen today are hap• next birthday, the sixteenth day in the py in their work. They are their own sixth month of the Chinese year. The bosses, the business is theirs. And as Chinese calendar is calculated on the Clt^o Woo points out, "If bu.«iness isn't lunar instead of the solar year, wliidi good, you don't fire yourself." has a thirteenth month every third The Chinese in Richmond are proud year. This makes their anniversaries fall of their countrymen's accomplishments CLEVER upon the same day rather than the in many fields. Charlie Woo's son, a same date every year. Their months graduate of V.P.I.. is with the Navy and days are designated by number in• Department in Washington. Another stead of name. Chinese man works for the State High• Fook Woo was born in San Fran• way Department here and a Chinese PEOPLE, cisco and taken by his parents to China girl from Richmond teac hes high school when he was four. When he returned, in Winchester. lie thinks he was 22. He came to Rich• Emma Yorke Chonge, wife of the mond to start a laundry. He recently laundryman, raises Chinese vegetables left with his third son. Lin,

PAGE EIGHT VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 (^eorge Mason's Jsland

by MOLLIE SOMERVILLE

North elevation of Mansion House, taken about 1905. (Courtesy, Library of Congress)

SEE IN A late Alexandria news• (both of whic h are corruptions of the colony," - - 50 acres for each one 1 paper, notice of . . . [the] pro- name of the Necostins, one of the In• brought over at "Captain Mason's" ex• ted bridge over the Potomac RivcT, dian tribes in this locality), My Lord's pense. 1 his trac t of 900 ac res extended opposite, or nearly opposite, to George Island, in honor of Lord Baltimore, northward "to the falls of the great Town." Tho.se words might have been and Barbadoes, .so called by a seafaring river Pawtomake, above the Nccostin's written today; actually they occur in a former owner. George Mason of Gun- towne." In 1684 the Virginia Assembly etter dated 1792 from George Mason, ston Hall inherited the island from his asked Captain Mason to provide a boat author of the Virginia Declaration of father, who had acquired it in 1717. to transport soldiers and officers over Rights (the basis of Jefferson's Decla- During the 125 years it was owned by the Occocjuan River. ation of Independence) and father of the , the island was When George Mason of Gunston he Fc^deral Bill of Rights. The lett. . known as Mason's Island. Hall inherited both the original grant vas to his son, John. George Mason of was of land (greatly increased by succeed• So a connecting link between Vir• the fourth of that name in Virginia, ing generations) and the ferry still in ginia and Washington just north of the his great-grandfather having left Eng• use at Occ oquan, the boy was ten years Lincoln Memorial, though a current land after Cromwell's defeat. The old. His father drowned while crossing Iproject, is not a new idea. Apparently founder of the family in the New the Potomac in a sailboat. George's Enfant, the Capital's noted planner, World obtained a patent of Virginia \ounger brother was sent to England Jiad given it thought, as Mason's last land in March 1655 "for the transpor• to study law, but George received little etter written to his son continues: tation of eighteen persons into this (Continued on page 19) You should take care to be fully pre- l^ared in time with a true plan and epresentation of the situation of the ilace as connected with both George Town and the federal city. And I think t would be of great importance if by vriting to Mr. L'Enfant you could )rocure his opinion, with his reasons, in tavor of a bridge at the Island, not etting the George Town people know hat you make any such application." The island referred to was Mason's and, now also known as Theodore [Roosevelt Island. Roughly triangular n shape, and containing about 75 acres, t lies close to the Virginia shore and Ihe George Washington Memorial Highway, and about 200 yards from Georgetown, which is on the northerly Dank of the Potomac. 1 he attractive sland has a colorful history. The early history of the island abounds in legends of Indian villages, [Spanish explorers and English adven• turers. It has been known by various Mansion House on Mason's Island. Copy of sketch loaned by Mrs. Cooper Dawson, John ther names — Anacostian, Analostan O. Brostrup, photographer. (Courtesy, Library of Congress)

to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE NINE VIRGINIA By WILLIAM BIEN BUSINESS Business Editor, The Richmond News Leader REVIEW HE STORY of the month in Virginia Plans for innnediate construction of Thas to do with food- and with two a 2,100,000-bushel grain export eleva• of the nation's largest concerns in the tor in Norfolk were aimounccd by Car- business of supplying same. gill, Inc., one of the nation's largest Therein is a confusing situation. grain-handling firms. Both companies have the same name. John H. MacMillan, Jr.. oresidc-nt Both announced plans last month for of the company, said the Norfolk eleva• major expansion programs into Vir• tor will begin operation by the end of ginia. the year and will almost double the One is the Food Fair of Philadelphia. port city's grain exporting capacity. The other is Food Fair Super Markets Addison Douglass, southeastern re• E. H. OiJLD of Washington, a division of the Grand gional manager for Cargill, will then G. F. COCKE Union Company. move his headquarters from Baltimore Both made announcements that indi• to Norfolk. About 50 per.sons will be C. Franc is Cocke has announced his cate a head-on battle for supremacy to employed. retirement as president of The First come. Both will move into central Vir• Cargill's only other elevator in Vir• National Exchange Bank of Roanoke ginia with half-a-dozen or more super• ginia is at Richmond. and the election of E. H. Ould as pres• markets of the most modern design. ^ ^ ¥r ident of the bank and its c hiel exi (- utive officer. For Food Fair of Philadelphia, this Virginia's newest life insurance com• will be the first bid for the Virginia pany—Fii-st Colony Life of Lynchburg Mr. Cocke will continue as chairman food dollar. —named two executives this month. of the board of directors and as a mem• Food Fair of Washington, on the Dr. Charles W. Whitmore, a native ber of the Executive and Trust Com• other hand, already has five stores in of Salem and practitioner in derma• mittees of the board. These actions northern Virginia. tology in Lynchburg, was named med• \vc re taken by the board of directors of the bank at a recent meeting. •K- * * ical director. Cecil K. Cress, a native of Lynch• Mr. Cocke has had a long and dis• Banking-by-air has not yet been per• burg formerly with the Life Insurance fected, but the Bank of Virginia and tinguished career as a laNvyer and Company of Virginia, was appointed banker. Graduated from the University Eastern Air Lines have combined general agent. forces to offer something new in bank- of Virginia in 1908 with an A.B. de * * * gree, he subsequently attended the airline ticket service. Hoyd A. Propert, former sales exec• University Law School. He was ad-1 Here's how it operates: utive with General Electric Company, mittcd to the Virginia Bar in 1910, and A passenger makes his reservation has been named enrollment department began his law practice in Roanoke with Eastern. Then he simply goes or manager for the Virginia Hospital where he later became the senior mem• sends to the nearest neighborhood Service Association (Blue Cross) and ber of the law firm of Coc ke. Hazle- office of the bank in outlying sec tions Virginia Medical Service Association grove and Shac kelford. of Richmonil. The e\» liangc teller is• > lUue Shield). lie first hcH.iMie identified with bank• sues the ticket and receives payment During the past year, he has been on ing in 1927, when upon the death of his for it. the faculty of the University of Ric h- lather, Lucian H. Cocke, he was If the passenger wishes, the cost c an mond's Sc hool of Business Administra• elec ted to succeed him as a director l)e ( hargc-d to his ehe( kin<; ac count. tion. and inactive vice-pre.sident of The First National Exchange Bank. In 1937, he| was elec ted c xc i utive vice |)resident and became an active officer of the bank. Ujjon the death of (. Tyler Meadows, in 19.'^8 the board of di- K ( lors elec ted Mr. Cocke lo serve as^ |)resident succeeding Mr. Meadows. Mr. Clocke. through the years, has hc-en ac tive in the Virginia Banken .\ss()( iatioii and the Americ an Banken Assoc iatioii. serving at varicius limes as iiieinber of the board of directors, viee- jjrc sident and president of the Virginia Bankers Association. Serving in many C. Fair Brooks, president of Brooks Transportation Company, Inc.. inquires about the new Air-bank ticket service inaugurated June I by The Bank of Virsiiniu and Eastern An capacities in the American Bankersi Lines. Temple W. Broaddus (left), vice president and in charge of the bank at 2900 Association, he bee a me its president in West Broad Street, Richmond, looks on with Thomas A. Sheehan (second from left) 1951, the third Virginian to achieve Richmond Traffic and Sales Manager for Eastern Air Lines, Inc. Mrs. Eleanor W. Scarborough, exchange teller for the bank, explains how she can issue tickets for Eastern I lie highest honor bestowed by banking. to Mr. Brooks and even debit the cost to his checking account. (Dementi Studio) Other activities include work in the Founded 1878\ PAGE TEN VIRGINIA RECORD U. S. Savings Bond Division of the This one consists of two 150,000 Treasury Department, director of Pt?o- kilowatt generating units — at York- ples Federal Savings and Loan Asso• town and Portsmouth—that will cost ciation of Roanoke, the Virginia Iron .$43,000,000. Coal & Coke Company, the Chesa• Vepto also named an associate gen• peake & Potomac Telephone Company eral tounsel—George D. Gibson—and of Virginia and Lawyers Title Insur• assistant general t t)unsel — T. Justin ance Corporation. He has long been Moore, Jr.—at a meeting of directors a member of the board of trustees of 1.1 te last month. Hollins College, becoming president of The ( let trie utility made other news the board in 1938. He is a trustee of the within the past month when the na• Roanoke Memorial Hospital Assot ia- tional Public Utilities Advertising As• tion, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts sociation awarded Vepco first prize in and has many other civic and religit)us its annual competition for two types interests. of advertising. The awards were re• Mr. Ould, the new president, is a ceived for Vepco at a special ceremony graduate of Washington and Lee Uni• (Harris & Kwing) by G. Fred Cook, Jr., director of publit versity and the Graduate School of S. F. MKRRIAM relations; James N. Cargill, president Banking at Rutgers University. of Cargill & Wilson, Vepco's advertis• He became associated with the bank Sanmel F. Merriam, Chesapeake and ing agent y; Tom D. Fulford, Vepco in 1936, becoming assistant vice-presi• Potomac Telephone Co. executive, has vit e-president in charge of sales, and dent in 1938. He was eh ( ted vit ( -pres• retired from active service to end a 43- C. E. Anderson, Diret tor of residential ident in 1940, and was named execu• year career in the Hell System. and eonunert ial sales. tive vice-president in 1949. Mr. Ould Merriam, one-time general traflie * * * was elected to the board of diret tors manager for the C&P in Rit hmond, A native Virginian — D. Woodson of the bank in 1950. has been assistant vice-president in Ramsey, Jr.—has been named coordi• He is a past president ot the Roanoke Washington since 1945. nator of world-wide marketing activi• Clearing House Association and, in the * * * ties for Esso Standard Oil Company. Virginia Bankers Association, served as Virginia Electric and Power Com• Ramsey is a native of Sydnorsville in a member of the Trust School Fat ulty pany, which has been making a regular Franklin County who has been with of the Virginia Bankers Conference. thing of it lately, announced another Esso since his graduation from Since 1954 he has served as Ameri• expansion program to meet demand for Roanoke College in 1928. can Bankers Association vice-president electricity last month. * * * for Virginia. Outside the field of banking, Mr. Ould is a director of the Times-World Corporation and a member of the board of trustees of Roanoke College. He was recently appointed to the Board of Visitors of Virginia Military Institute. His civic activities include past presi• dent and director of the Roanoke Chamber of Commerce; Chairman of Finance Committee, Roanoke Chapter, American Red Cross; past direc toi Blue Ridge Council, Boy Scouts of America. He served as a member of Roanoke City Charter Study Commis• r sion, and is now a member of the board of directors of the Young Men's Chris• tian Association; and a member of the board of directors of the Roant)ke Sym• phony Orchestra. * * * Thomas L. Preston, a native of Rich• mond and former attorney with the Washed . . . screened . . . uniform graded ChesajDeake and Ohio and the Sea• lor: masonry, plaster, septic tanks, con• board Air Line railroads, has been named vice - president and general crete and Highway Construction. oun.sel of the Association of American Railroads in charge of the law depart• ment. Another Virginian—Harry J. Breit- WEST SAND and GRAVEL co., inc haupt, a native of Salem—was named a general attorney in the AAR law de• 2801 Rady St., Richmond, Va. phone 2-8307 partment. "Superior quality and service

to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE ELEVEN ^ DAIRY PRODUCTS ^ Valley of Virginia Milk Producers

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(Pholo by Scrating) NEW YORK—Returning from a London business trip, T. Coleman Andrews, form• er Federal Tax Chief, and now Board Chairman and President of American Fidelity & Casualty Co., disembarks from the Queen Mary. Mr. Andrews, whose re• cent American Weekly article, "Let's Get Rid of the Income Tax," stirred much public interest, ivas greeted by a host of New York newsmen and queried on his views. Diggs and Beadles Seed Company, Inc.—one of the oldest in Richmond— announced a major expansion program this month. I he main office in downtown Ri( h- niond was (iosed and moved to the growing west end of Virginia's ( apital city. Both suburban stores began build• ing additions. Arthur S. Beck, Jr., president, also Policy on Engineering announced the election of Gilbert L. and Architectural Service Miles, formerly lands* ;»|)c siijjcrintend- VCh ent of the State Capitol, as vice-presi• dent, and appointment of Clarence W. Because the Portland Ce• crete technicians is to assist Davidson as assistant to the president. ment Association believes engineers and architects * * * that the best interests of the with concrete design or con• H. E. Stevens of Frederic ksburg has individual and the commu• struction problems. been named chairman of the Ri( hmond nity are served when compe• The educational literature Section, American Society for Quality tent professional services are and the many drawings of Control. He is t|uality (ontroi dire* tor of the an Vi^xosc Company's engaged to insure sound typical concrete uses which building construction, it is a Sylvania Division. the Association distributes Other officers named for the next basic Association policy to widely in the United States chapter year are: urge the employment of and Canada, are intended to j. R. rhomen, of the duPont Com• qualified engineers or ar• be helpful in obtaining the pany. Richmond, vice-chairman; Dr. chitects on concrete con• maximum service concrete H. E. Robhins, of Allied Chemic al and struction whether the job is can render. All drawings of Dye Corp., Hopewell. se. ictaiA. and] D. P. Long, of Reynolds Metals Co., a skyscraper, a bridge, a typical designs carry a nota• pavement, a sewer, a house Ric hmond, treasmci. tion that final working draw• * * * or a farm structure. ings should be prepared and B. E. Ball, Mayor of Norton, Vir• A principal function of the approved by qualified en• ginia, for the |)ast eight years, ix c anie Association's staff of con• gineers or architects. acting president of the League of Vir• ginia Municipalities on May \!)th, fol• lowing the resignation of Ira Willard, PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION City Manager of Alexandria, who is 1401 State Planters Bank BIdg., Richmond 19, Virginia moving to Florida. Mr. Ball is a long A national organization to improve and extend the uses of portland cement time employee of the Norfolk and and concrete . . . through scientific research and engineering field work Western Railroad having been with them for 39 years.

PAGE TWELVE VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 nine major engagements of the Revolu• tionary War, War of 1812, ten major THE VIRGINIA The 125th AAA Battalion (Alex• engagements in the War Between the andria unit) man a 120 mm JStates and the Alsace and Meu.se Ar- NATIONAL GUARD gun at Bethany Beach, gonne offensives in World War I, but Pla. also participation in the Mexican War of 1846; and, in 1948, at a formal {Continued from page 7) parade held at Camp Pendleton, Vir• ginia Beach, a Regimental Battle Streamer was presented to it by Col. Prior-Palmer, D.S.O. of the British I'anbassy in Washington, for participa• tion in battles and campaigns as far back as 1648.

"FIRST INFANTRY" This lineal descendant of the earliest colonial militia was designated as the liVMd Infantry in 1929 when, at the request of its Re gimental Coimiiaiich i. the late Colonel J. Fulmer Bright, the War Department, by special order The 116th is the Regiment whose held points of all, but it took St. Lo signed by the Secretary of War gave forebears in the War Between the States last week. The extraordinary citation permission for it to assume the name l)( ( ame a part of the 1st Brigade, Army given the regiment by General Omar "First Infantry," the order being made of the Shenandoah, commanded by Bradley . . . does not take ac count of (dec tive on the birthday of the original General Thomas J. Jac kson, which, on St. Lo's fall which Don Whitehead, of commander, George Washington. Al• the field of First Manassas won loi it• the Associated Press, described as cli• though today designated as the 176th self and commander the historic name maxing 'eight days of the hardest fight• this Regiment may still, if it so desires, "Stonewall." ing American troops have yet en• w rite, after its numeral, "formerly First This was more recently a componi nt countered on the Continent.'" The Infantry." part of the 29th Division in World War 1 16th, which then included Guardsmen II and, with elements of the 111th from Charlottesville, Staunton, Mar- In 1791, after many reorganizations, Field Artillery, was the first organiza• iins\ille, Lynchburg, South Boston, this Regiment had no less a person than tion to cross the English Channel and Ciliase City, Emporia, Farmville and John Marshall as its commanding offi• spearheaded the invasion of Nor• Bedford, were praised by General cer. mandy. Bradley for their "superlative courage Today the 176th Regiment is com• Of their actions the Richmond and indomitable behaviour on D-Day manded by Colonel Arnold W. Ellis Times-Dispatch said editorially, "The in the face of exploding mines, wither• who is al.so conunanding officer of the 116th Virginia Infantry, formerly of ing German fire, violent seas and other 176th Regimental Combat Team, of the Virginia National Guard, has writ• obstacles. They were given a c ruc ially which it is a part. Composed largely of ten a record of imperishable glory in important role and discharged it nobly, Richmond units it inc ludes that famous Normandy. Not only did it break the albeit at a terrific cost in casualties. . . " command "the Ric hmond Blues." German beach defenses at one of the Battle honors for the 176th (for• It was not all "beer and skittles" for most heavily fortified and most strongly merly First Infantry) include not only the members of that early Virginia

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to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE THIRTEEN Regiment and, to boot, the records tell they are very proud. that c\ic h man had lo "juovide himsell In 1916-17 units of the Virginia Na• with suit of good blue cloth and the tional Guard took part in the Mexican coat to be faced and c uffed with scar• Border affair and at the outbreak of let and trimmed with silver; a scarlet World War I contributc^d officers and waistcoat with silver lace; blue men to every branch of the service, BROWN !); (•(•( lies and a silver laced hat, if to be while the established Infantry V.N.G. had, for Camp or Garrison duty. . . Regiments (lst-2nd and 4th) were as• The War Department awards Coats sembled in the 116ih Regiment of the PONTIAC, of Arms to military units, in strict he• 29th Division and the Virginia Artil• raldic succ ession in kc-eping with their lery Regiment became the Field Ar• present and past services. The 176th's tillery of the 29th. Other components INC. is a shield of blue denoting Infantry, of the Virginia National Guard .served with gray cross bars commemorating as special troops with the 42 nd Di• service with the Confederate States vision. At the close of World War I the 1550 Wilson Blvd. Armies; the Fleur-de-lis, service in First Virginia Infantry and the 116th France in World War I; the red cross Infantry were reorganized and formed for War service and the a part of the 29th Division composed of ARLINGTON arrow across the top for service in troops from Virginia, Maryland, Dis• Indian campaigns. The motto is "Lib• trict of Columbia and . VIRGINIA erty or Death." Re-inducted into Federal service for "Ever Forward" is the motto of the World War II, the First Infantry was 116th, whose Coat-of-Arms is similar, redesignated 176th, seeing service in and for the 111th Field Artillery the this country and supplying replace• motto is "Never Unprepared." The lat- ments for the armies of the Continent ter's shield is red denoting Artillery, and the Pacific area. The 116th was ''General Motors tvv'o vertical stripes suggesting the Bat• tle Streamer for the War of 1812, a again a part of the 29th Division and Masterpiece blue cross edged with white for Con• the story of its activities, that of the federate service and a gold fleur-de-lis 111th Field Artillery, and other units for service in France. These are but a and individual members of "the lew of many awarded to units of the Guard," are now among the brightest Virginia National Guard and of which pages of the history of that war.

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PAGE FOURTEEN VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 the Commonwealth . . . the descend• ants of tho.se justly famous Norfolk Light Artillery Blues originally organ- zed in 1828, now part of the 111th; Portsmouth's Grimes Battery, organized in 1809 as a part of the Portsmouth Light Artillery which played such prominent parts in the Battle of Craney Island, War of 1812 and War Between the States; Harriscmburg's Rockingham Rifles and Spotswood Guard and the militia whic h marched from Harrison• burg for "Dunmore's Indian War;" Martinsville's militia, descended from western Virginia units in the Revolu• tionary War; Lynchburg's old "Home Guards," organized in 1859 and Farm- ville's in 1853; the valiant members of tlie Huntington Rifles of Newport News; the historic Richmond Howitzer Battalion, organized in 1859; the de• scendants of the Danville Grays organ• ized in 1856, while in Washington's boyhood home of Fredericksburg the Members of Company K, 116th Infantry Regiment, 29th Infantry Division, unload ii re- militia is descended frcmi an early bat• coiless rifle from a trailer during summer training at Indiantown Gap Military Reserva• tery of Artillery organized in 1811 for tion, Penna. Left to right are Sfc. Robert D. Coe, Sgt. Thomas M. Burroughs, Cpl. Charles A. Garrison and Sgt. Charles B. Johnson, all of Charlottesville. action in the War of 1812. The history of this battery is shared by Lexington It is safe to say that to try to un• tachment and the 377th Signal Detach• for it was reorganized there at a much tangle the many names and numerals ment, Radar Maintenance Unit. later date and became known as the which have been held or are now being Charlottesville's unit of Militia today "Rockbridge Artillery," a great favor• held, by various Guard units that more (Co. K, 3rd Battalion, 116th Infantry) ite of General "Stonewall" Jackson's than likely, somewhere along the line traces its lineage direc tly to the militia who assisted in their organization and the history flows back to "the Virginia company formed in 1745 soon after Regiment" ... the old "First" or "Sec• the formation of Albemarle County ond" Infantry . . . the 176th . . . 116th and has, for many a long day been . . 111 th or 29th Division. They, with colorful designated as the Monticello their many component parts, embody Guards. the military history of the Common- In the Williamsburg area, where in v/ealth. 1628 Lt. Osborne was busily in com• In Petersburg, where in 1645 militia mand of "the College" and "Neck of SYKES INN under Major Peter Jones established a Land" plantation's militia, there is now fort for the protection of the settlers, Battery C, (710th AAA Battalion) ; a company of foot soldiers marched to and in Winchester, where militia >J HINES RECOMM fight under General Winfield Scott in marched forth to participate in the AAA APPROVED the War of 1812 and win for them• and in 1775 selves praise from the President of the there was organized the "Captain United States for their military bear• Daniel Morgan's Riflemen," there are Located A ing and jaunty "Cockades" . . . and now located the Headquarters and for their city the enduring name Headquarters Company, 3rd Battalion, IFIELD, VIR 'Cockade City." Here, later on, was 116th Infantry and Company I of the formed the Petersburg "Grays" and to• same. day there are two units: Headquarters What story would be c omjjlete with• on the Colonial Trail, in the center and Headquarters Company, 2nd Bat• out mention of the pride and joy of of the most historic section of the talion (176th) and Company G Virginians, the Richmond Light In• Old Dominion. (176th). fantry Blues, about which volumes have been written and which, identified ALEXANDRIA UNITS by its plumed headgear and brilliant Comfortable Rooms, with or with dress uniforms, pauses each year on the out bath, and special dinners with In Alexandria, where the Fairfax 10th of May to observe the anniversary Genuine Smithfield Hams and ten Militia flourished as early as 169.3 and of its organization on that day in 1789 der chicken holding a conspicuous units marched out under Washington and to look back over a proud history place on the menu ... all at very in the French and Indian War, there of service since that date. reasonable rates. are today five different units of Anti Airc raft Artillery, including Headquar• Spin the wheel around the Common• ters and Headquarters Battery (125th wealth and there can be found in every AAA Battalion) and Batteries A, B, C section "sparkling segments of a won• and D plus the 412th Ordnance De- drous whole" composing the militia of

to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE FIFTEEN training. Neither time nor .sp>aee a sufficient to name them all. Kut ind PIKEVILLE NATIONAL BANK vidually their valorous d<'eds arc n (orded and each has Virginia'.s \mdyin & TRUST COMPANY thanks. PIKEVILLE, KENTUCKY In 1940, when it was expected tha the entire Virginia National Cman would he inducted into Federal servii i |Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii{iiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin for World War II. the Governor or dcrcd the organization of a State Mili I I tia to have the status of an auxiliary We Salute Our Local Unit—Battery B, 418th AAA Battalion organization to the National Guard of Virginia, and to perform within the and The Virginia .\ational Guard and Their Recently Appointi d Commonwealth the duties ordinarily Adjutant General, Brig.-Gen. Sheppard Crump performed hy the Guard. At first named the Virginia Protei tivc Fon I this name was changed to Virginia THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK | State Guard in 1942 and this force, consisting of 13 battalions and 54 In• fantry (ompanies was commanded by the late Brigadier General E. E. Good- MEMBER wyn of Emporia and served through• out the war. hi addition to this au.x- FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION iliary force, there was also formed the FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM I I Aye rs ALTAVISTA, VIRGINIA Saiitlwich Shop I I Sandwiches of All Kinds I I Our Specialty .^illlllliliillllllilllilllllllllilillllllillllillliiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii riiinMi>ihiMniMiiMi„i;i;i;;n:;;::::;!!:::i:::!:::!i!!'ii!H'!!''!'i'iMiiMnMiiiiiiiiiiiiiii|iiiiiiiiiiiin SOUTHERN FRIED CHICKEN FAST CURB SERVICE ABC License—On & Oil' Plenty of Parking Space River Road We join in this salute to the I'hone 2772 MARTINSVILLE, VA. VIRGINIA NATIONAL GUARD

An ititciiral part of our .Yation's Dcfinsi We are proud of our own CO. F 176th INF. VANG The modern Vanguard of A Glorious Past Augusta CO. G NOTTOWAY GRAYS, 1861, War Between The States CO. I NOTTOWAY GRAYS, 189:^ Military CO. I merged with Co. C, Farmville, 1898, Spanish Ameriean War Academy CO. F reorganized prior to World War I, 1916

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PAGE SIXTEEN VIRGINIA RECORD Pounded 1878 GRADE A DAIRY PRODUCTS There IS a difference VALLEY CREAMERY, INC HARRISONBURG, VIRGINIA

Sgt. Robert F. Paulsen, right, of the 29th Signal Company, 29th Salutations to the Infantry Division, issues a rifle lo Pvt. Robert A. Austin during a surprise alert of Norfolk Na• Virginia National Guard tional Guardsmen to determine how quickly they could report for duty after being called.

Virginia Reserve Militia, worthy des• The Virginia National Guard sum• cendants of the "Minute Men" of co• mer training program will take them to lonial days and their green uniforms Indiantown Gap Military Reservation ELMON GRAY n ininiseent of those worn by their fore• (Pa.), Fort Knox (Ky.), Fort Miles, bears. This group was formed from the Bethany Beach (Del.) and Hancock sportsmen of the State who, already Field, Syracuse (N. Y.), while Selective AND COMPANY armed, were on the alert for sabotage Service Sections will train ir\ Richmond. and internal trouble. The State Headquarters and Head• Virginia from time to time has had quarters Detachment, Virginia Nation• auxiliary naval units of her militia and al Guard, Col. William G. Wharton WAVERLY, VIRGINIA among the most colorful of these commanding, are based at the Howit- groups was the "Oyster Navy," consti• zvi> Armory in Richmond and offices of tuted as the 1st Battalion Virginia the Adjutant General, the Division of Na\;il Militia in April, 1917, and serv• Military Affairs, and all matters per• ing throughout the war with a total of taining thereto are in the State Office 24 small ships and laun( hes in opera• tion. In 1921, through the efforts of the late George Cole Scott, the naval mili• *•****•• tia became a part of the newly formed U. S. Naval Reserve and flourished Staunton Military Academy over a period of years, being given ONE OF THE COUNTRY'S OLDEST MILITARY high rating with other Naval Reserve divisions in the U. S. It was not re• PREPARATORY SCHOOLS activated after the second World War. .Serving Virginia and the Nation Since 1860 VANO OFFERING COLLEGE PREPARATION AND OLD-FASHIONED Virginia's Air National Guard, acti• ETHICS. OVER 90% OF EACH GRADUATING CLASS ENTERS vated June 21, 1947, with but 40 pilots, LEADING COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. has now a contingent of more than 400 officers and men, operating 15 tac tic al FIREPROOF BUILDINGS, TWO GYMS, INDOOR SWIMMING POOL, ALL aircraft and two non-tactical and is SPORTS. 35 ACRES ON HIGHEST ELEVATION IN STAUNTON—THE HEART OF THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY OF VIRGINIA. under the (oinmand of Major William Haymes. FULLY ACCREDITED. CONTINUOUS DEPARTMENT OF THE The problem of lack of armories, AKMV HONOR SCHOOL RATING. READING AND STUDY IM• which has plagued State military au• PROVEMENT PROGRAM. SEPARATE JUNIOR SCHOOL. thorities almost since the beginning of For Catalog Write: time, is now on the way to being over• STAUNTON, VA. come with 31 permanent armories in SUPERINTENDENT BOX WC operation in 28 cities, 16 interim facil• HONOR TRUTH DUTY ities in use and an active building pro• * * * gram under way. PAGE SEVENTEEN to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 Hiiilding in a busy corner of Capitol S(|uare. The Adjutant General's staff iiK hides the following: Col. H. W. Holt (U.S.A. Ret.), A.ssistant Adjutant Felicitatiojis to the Virginia National Guard General (Air) ; Col. Paul M. Booth, U. S. Property and Fiscal Officer for Virginia; Colonel B. H. Baylor, Mili• tary Accounts Executive; Lt. Col. T. J. ROANOKE CONCRETE B. Lohr, Military Storekeeper; Lt. Col. H. S. Price, State Mainteiiaiuc Officer PRODUCTS COMPANY and Major R. Y. Naill, Superintendent, State Military Reservation. ROANOKE. VIRfilNIA "A well regulated militia is necessary to the .security of a free state," so wrote the founding fathers. Virginia's "well regulated militia," with Campaign Streamers bespeaking their service in all wars from Indian invasions to the present day, is "on the alert" to fight SALUTATIONS TO THE VIRGINIA NATIONAL GUARD "... against our enemies, whomsoever . .." as the Militia story, begun in 1607, rolls on. BANK OF BLAND COUNTY

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PAGE EIGHTEEN VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 GEORGE MASON'S "President's House," as the White the battle of Manassas. House was called previous to the War But that happy summer of 1811, the ISLAND of 1812. k(cnly observant Mr. Warden noted (Continued from page 9) A description of the island estate was the minutest details of the island, and writen by David B. Warden, who came even the creatures in the air and under from abroad and visited General and ihe water — from the humming bird Mrs. Mason in 1811. After crossing the who feigned death like an opo.ssum and Potomac in "a flat boat, of rude con• thus escaped from a lady's hand to the struction, impelled by oar," he wrote, terrapin's nest containing 19 eggs that "we walked to the mansion-house un• he and General Mason found about 30 der a delicious shade. The blos.soms of feet from shore. the cherry, apple, and peat h trees, of The visitor recorded the more pro• the hawthorn and aromatic shrubs, saic aspects of the island, too, and ob• filled the air with their fragrance . . . served that the .soil "was excellent for The garden, the sides of which are farming." By means of a hydraulic rna- washed by the waters of the river, is (hine, the water was raised from the ornamented with a variety of trees and river and conducted by pipes to every shrubs, and, in the midst, there is a part of the island. General Ma.son cul• lawn covered with a beautiful verdure tivated a yellow cotton, the seeds of . . . The walled south side has white- v. hi( li he thought had probably been cottages for servants. brought from China or India. Also, "a "In July, Mrs. Mason gave a rural species of maize, the leaf of which is a dance to the friends and acquaintances deep purple colour and employed in of her son, at the eve of his departure dyemaking." for France," Mr. Warden (ontinucd. Thus in addition to the leisurely en• '• riie young people danced on the lawn joyment whi( li their island plantation . . . illuminated by lamps . . . and the afforded General and Mrs. Mason, it bright light of the moon . . . The re• supplied the physical needs of their Mason s Island from the map of the City freshing breezes of the Potomac, and guests and of their large family and of Washington by Robert King, 1803. the gentle murmuring of the water (Courtesy, Library of Congress) other dependents. against the rocks, the warbling of birds, Mrs. Mason consistently won cash and the mournful aspect of weeping or no formal edutation in the present prizes for her entries in the fairs held willows, inspire a thousand various sen• sense of the word. This laek did not in Georgetown: "for the best piece of sations." deter him from aehieving first rank in cotton cloth, suitable for pantaloons or his knowledge of constitutional law and JAMES MASON BORN ON ISLAND small clothes . . . for the best piece of the rights of man. hempen or flaxen table linen . . . for In 1746 George Mason reached his It is said that General and Mrs. the best jjiec e of fulled and dressed majority and began adding more land Mason's most lanious son, James Mur• woolen ( loth." At the fair held in 1811, to the estates he had inherited, which ray Mason, was born on Mason's ' the handsomest sheep shewn on the Island. This son studied law at William extended from Frederi( ksburg to the {Continued on page 21) Great Falls of the Potomac. And as the and Mary College and spent a short 0(i(Hjuan Icrry continued to be a lu• time in the law office of Mr. Benjamin crative source of income, he secured a Watkins Leigh of Richmond. James license in 1748 to establish another Mason moved to the valley in 1820 and ferry, this one at his island between established a law practice at Win• Virginia and Georgetown, then a chester. He was elected to Congress thriving seaport. For 100 years George and represented his Winchester district Mason, and later his son John, op• there. Later, he was serving his four• KILKARE erated their ferry at Mason's Island. teenth year in the United States Senate John had been a partner in a tobacco when Virginia seceded from the Union. concern in Bordeaux, France, as a The Confederate government .sent LAUNDRY—CLEANING young man, but poor health forced him Commissioner Mason to England on a to return to America. He engaged in diplomatic mission in 1861. After the STORAGE business in Georgetown, and became war he lived in Canada until President president of a bank and owner of an Andrew Johnson pardoned the leaders iron foundry there. President JefTerson (»f the Confederacy. When James Ma• Busy Since 1927 — 29 Years appointed him a Brigadier General in son returned to Virginia, he found that the District of Columbia Militia. his home, "Selma," on the outskirts of Serving r)4 Communities General Mason built a sunnncr man• Winchester, had been burned by Sheri• sion on the highest spot on the island, dan. He died in Alexandria, within a rise of 50 feet above the water. No sight of his birthplace. doubt General Mason's sojourn abroad James Mason and his eight brothers Phone 500 influenced his style in architecture, and sisters were spending the summer since his plans (ailed for a house in the on Mason's Island with their parents cla.ssical style, said to be the first resi• when Mr. Warden visited them. Gen• I ARMVILLE, VIRGINIA dence of this style in America. Built of eral and Mrs. Mason's tenth and last hri( k, it commanded a view of the Po- ihild was apparently born later. This tonuH River and the Clapitol and the son, Joel Barlow Mason, was killed at to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE NINETEEN VALLEY VENEER COMPANY

BASSETT, VIRGINIA Gentlemen: We are a new high school in Fairfax Tidewater Veneer Hanover Veneer county and are trying to gather all Company Company available material on Virginia for the library files. We have found Virtiinid Fredericksburg, Virginia Doswell, Virginia Record to be of very great help. . . . Do you know of anyone that possibly — SERVING THE FURNITURE INDUSTRY — might have a file of old eopies that they would like to dispose of where they would be used to good advantage or someone liking to sell past files? If not,— do you have any rates for older PLEDGE issiK s? We would greatly appreciate any help you could give us. Sincerely, YOUR HELP W. C. Brooks & Son, Inc. Mrs. F. F. Ashenhurst, Librarian Annandalc High School Annandale, Va. Lumber and Building Supplies

Gentlemen: ; We were very pleased to read your TAPPAHANNOCK, VIRGINIA article on Winchester in your April is• sue of Viroinia Record. PREVENT Please forward at your earliest con• venience, 12 copies of the April issue of FOREST FIRES! VInfill id Record. With kindest regards. I remain Sincerely yours, G. Frank Stinnett Sales Manager Shenandoah Gas Company Virginia Crafts, Inc. Winchester, Va.

KEYSVILLE, VIRGINIA FRANK E. WEBB

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PAGE TWENTY VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 GEORGE MASON'S ISLAND lames in their hands, the knights charged toward their objective—a ring, {Continued from pa^e 19) two or three inches in diameter, sus• pended on a hook high enough to allow the riders to pass under it. They strove to spear the ring and carry it off. Three tilts, as the attempts were called, were allowed each knight. And the knight who speared the ring the most often had the honor of choosing the Queen of Love and Beauty. A court of prin• cesses was also chosen, and a throne for the queen was erected in the ball• room. Dancing ended the day's events.

BECOMES MEMORIAL PARK

Mason's Island (hanged owners many times after General Mason and his family left there until, in 1931, the Theodore Roosevelt Association pur• chased it as a memorial park. During Pontoon bridge across the Potomac to the Island, taken in lune, 1865. (Courtesy, Li- these hundred years that had elapsed brary of Congress) since the Masons lived there, the man• sion, neglected and at the mercy of occasion was General 's an amphitheatre seating between six wind and water, crumbled slowly away. quarter-blooded Merino ewe," and seven thousand people was built The visitor will find nothing to re• General Mason must have possessed for this event. Some time later groups mind him of the lovely plantation considerable knowledge of intensive of young men, patterning themselves house where General and Mrs. Mason I arming to have achieved such excel• on knights of old, met on the island for entertained so lavishly, or of the fa• lent results on less than 100 acres. jousting tournaments. mous gardens where the socially prom• inent met. He also concentrated on improving These tournaments were a popular the approach to his island. George amusement and for a time it was Today once again the island's history Washington, traveling from Philadel• thought that they might eventually be• is of interest, as plans are discussed for phia in June 1796, at the close of the come a national sport, preferable to fox a bridge or a tunnel across the Potomac last Congressional session held there, hunting. They had many of the fea• at this point. Whatever form this new crossed on Mason's Ferry from George• tures of the fox hunt and at the same link between Virginia and Washington town to Virginia on his way to Mount time enlisted the deep interest of the m.ay take, the story of Mason's Island Vernon and retirement. When the ladies, who formed an essential element a few hundred feet from the Lincoln Government moved to the Federal City, of the sport. Memorial belongs to every Americ an. General Mason's ferry acquired new Mounted on spirited horses, long importance, and in 1807 Congress authorized a causeway to be built con• necting Mason's Island with the Vir• ginia shore. Now travelers could reach the island from the Virginia mainland by the (auseway and then take the ferry SMITHLAND FARMS to Georgetown and the new city of Washington. It was thought, too, that Purebred Registered by thus damming the river, the channel Hereford Cattle on the Georgetown side of the island would be deepened and navigation im• Rt. 3 Harrisonburg, \'a. proved. The proposed bridge about v.'hi(h George Mason had written his son John had not materialized.

LEFT ISLANO IN I 834 Breeding Stock Perhaps this difficulty in reaching their island home discouraged the Ma• For Sale at All Times sons, or perhaps the mosquitoes which the swampy areas bred were intol• erable, or perhaps hard times and finances were the cause; whatever the reason, the Masons left the island in DR. A. W. GRAVES, Owner Lacy Springs, Va. 1834. Rt. 3, Harrisonburg, Va. The date marks the beginning of ROY WAGGY, Mgr. public use of the island. That year a balloon ascension took place there; and to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE TWENTY-ONE A TRIP TO ROSEWELL L. T. Bowden {Continued from page 3) Danville Laundry 15 Tears' Experience from where the basement had been, but ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR nothing obstructed the chimney-lines LAUNDERERS & CLEANERS Serving of what had been 16 fireplaces. On the "Sanitone" Service top of the empty walls the chimneys, FAIRFAX COUNTY with their superlative masonry, teet• Fur & Woolen Storage HOUSE WIRING & REPAIRS ered as if about to complete the deso• Loyal at Court St. Licensed and Bonded lation. Phone 4220 Dunkirk 5-8978 Again to quote Waterman, he said, "this is the finest brickwork extant in DANVILLE, VIRGINIA VIENNA, VA. America." And to quote one of my friends, he said, looking at the im• ported Italian capstones, "You can see why the Pages went broke building this." You don't want to be caught there MADISON at night, and you do not want to leave. PEOPLES We moved back to the car and took a long, last study. We all agreed that, as FLOORING GROCERY a ruins enshrouded in the thick vines, Rosewell evoked more than it would COMPANY have by restoration. COMPANY This is in no way to negate the won• der of the restoration at Williamsburg, where we had limched well at Chown- Incorporated ing's Tavern. It is to say that ruins Manufacturers of have their pla( e. as in Italy and Greece, and we must preserve these ruins. From APPALACHIAN the ruins, we were deeply moved, but WHOLESALE GROCERS deeply fearful that they too would pass. OAK FLOORING As my musician friend said, "What is Virginia going to do about this?" ESTABLISHED 1920

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PAGE TWENTY-TWO VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878 CLEVER PEOPLE, State Industrial Loan THESE CHINESE BONNEY MOTOR EXPRESS INC. Corporation {Continued from page 8) Main Floor 2315 E. Princess .Anne Rd. lhincse eat the pods too. Mrs. Chonge Allied Arts Building NORFOLK, VIR(;iMA EIso raises Boston pears or bitter LYNCHBURG, VA. nelons, a vegetable which hangs on •vines like little pears. Chinese okra prows 15 to 20 inches long and Chinese )eans grow two to two and a half feet ong, sturdier and with greener leaves We Salute Our Local Unit—Company A of thellGth Infantry Regiment Ithan American beans. All Chin< s(' Mien and most Chinese and The Virginia National Guard and Their Recently Appointed |women return to China for vi.sits peri• Adjutant General, Brig.-Gcn. Sheppard Crump odically and return even more conscious )f their better life here after they see the chaos, poverty and starvation there. Most of the Chinese in Richmond are FRANK CHERVAN, Incorporated Baptists and their eyes twinkle at the mention of Miss Lillie Thacker, who Manufacturers Fine Living Room Furniture started teaching Sunday School back in 1902 when they still wore native cos• tumes and queues and each had an in• BEDFORD, VIRGINIA dividual teacher. At that time there were only ten or 12 Chinese children in attendance. Dr. Samuel Klopton organ• ized the first class for Chinese children at the Clay Street Chapel in 1890. The Chinese are an exceptionally healthy race. They seldom are sick and hold their age amazingly well. Only the very old have wrinkles. During the past 25 years, Richmond has lost only 16 Chinese. Some of them died on vaca• tion in China, the others are buried at Oakwood or Riverview Cemeteries. Every Chinese man has three names, which often leads to occidental con• fusion. There is the name his mother gives him, the name his teacher gives him if he goes to school in China, hoping that he will live up to it and give it significance, and the name he takes when he is married, which may be (hosen by a relative or any older friend with his approval. These marri( d It's Your Money names are recorded and filed on slabs in temples in China and generations Every forest fire costs you money. Some• can be traced by them. times the loss is direct—your job, your A Chinese man does not come of farm woodlot, or your business. Other

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiii^ times the cost is counted in increased taxes, loss of tourist trade or a drop in business when a mill closes down because LLOYD'S ESSO of forest fire. It pays to be careful with SERVICE CENTER

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to tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 PAGE TWENTY-THREE age until he is married. This leavci bachelors in tli< •>.\\\\r generation wit FARMERS BANK OF MATHEWS children—and accounts for the respet and courtesy all Chinese children sho\| Mathews, Virginia toward their elders. A Chinese childf unmarried uncle is his "first granc| Member father" and his grandmother is an "an (• st(ir." As Cleo Woo points out, "Yo^ Federal Reserve System wouldn't dare be disrcspcctlul to a reh tive with awesome prefixes like those. The Chinese New Year, which comcj Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in February, is still traditionally th most important event in their lives. It: a day when all outstanding debts ari paid, a day when they all look forwar| to a new start, a change of fortune, GOULD FUNERAL HOME day of sincere hope for better things fo| themselves and their friends. Home of Personal Service

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JOHNSON & CONWELL V If you're not on the roll of Reg• Phone 471 istered Voters, you're going to be left out of this year's big FRANKLIN, MR(;iNIA elections. Imagine missing a trip to the polls with your CONTRACT HAULERS friends and neighbors . . . miss• ing the lift you get in pulling Dealers in that lever or marking that bal• lot . - . missing your chance to FERTILIZER & PEANUT BAGS speak up on taxes, bond issues, and the next President of the U.S.! Imagine not putting in your plug for peace! And if the ones you're "agin" happen to win, you won't even have the Jamerson Brothers right to squawk if you don't register and vote. Get your Trucking Co, name in the book of Registered Voters now. Box (> Phone 3161 APPOMATTOX, VA. BE SURE

Skidding is a tip-off that you are probably YOU'RE REGISTERED! driving too fast for road conditions. Good tiic treads and reduced speed help prevent skidding BY OCTOBER 6 acc idents on wet roads.

PAGE TWENTY-FOUR VIRGINIA RECORD Founded 1878\ MENTAL HEALTH WENTv YEARS ago thc chaucc of r being hospitalized for a severe ental illness during a lifetime was one If You Like to Shop, Tou'll Love ri 20. Today it is nearly one in ten. lore than ten million Americans—one every 16—are now suffering from me form of mental disorder. About Eree-fourths of a million of these are 1 the care of mental hospitals—14,000 r UAonicrMiiDi inr \m ^ I Virginia alone. Mental illnesses ac- HARRISONBURG ount for more than half the number \i patients in all hospitals for all dis- ases in the entire country. Moreover, llllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII^ ime two and one-half million men, omen, and children have been treai(d Eir some mental disorder in thc past MERCHANTS AND FARMERS BANK | ear. It is estimated that another six lillion patients have serious mental OF FRANKLIN nd emotional illnesses that are re- jonsible for physical illness that re- Resources Over 4 Million uires treatment at general hospitals. Facilities for treatment of these men• FRANKLIN, VA. ial disorders are pitifully inadc(|uate. ittle more than half the necessary Member F. D. I. C. !ds for good treatment in mental hos-

itals are available. The American Psy- iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin mill iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiii Ill iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Ill iiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii hiatric Association inspected 124 men- ^1 hospitals and could approve only Salutations to the Virginia National Guard ght and conditionally approve only 31 thers. The First National Bank In the forefront of the battle against seased minds is the National Associ- of Clifton Forge tion for Mental Health, represented in Clifton Forge, Virginia lis state by the Virginia Association RESOURCES $5,300,000.00 r Mental Health. The Virginia and Capital Surplus, Undivided Profits and Reserves $363,119.97 ational Associations are still receiving f . . . The Friendly Bank . . lemberships and funds from their an- ual campaign conducted in May. The Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Member Federal Reserve System irginia Association needs mass sup- ort for its two-pronged attack consist- ig of education and service. Educational projects include such Felicitations to the Virginia National Guard ograms as courses on mental illnesses id preparation for sound marriages nong young people; post graduate acher training on mental hygiene in The Banli: of Appomattox |ie classroom; training courses for po- ce in recognition and handling of ab- orinal persons; seminars for ministers APPOMATTOX, VIRGINIA n counseling; education for retire- lent; enlightenment of the public on MEMBER F. D. I. G. lental illnesses that the stigma may be moved; and education toward de- iiniiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii [elopment of sound mental health. The other phase of the Virginia As- bciation's attack on mental illnesses is We Salute the Virginia National Guard 'rvice to the victims. State hospitals re understaffed and overcrowded in a eld of medicine where the degree and uality of treatment strikingly control eriods of recovery and re-commit- rRADE MARK rients to institutions. OF RICHMOND The Virginia Association seeks to en- ghten the public on the urgency of the V. H. GARBER RUSSELL N. GARBER JULIAN P. GARBER roblem that it may give the legislators |he support it needs to provide ade- 4400 Williamsburg Avenue, Richmond, Va. uate treatment programs.

o tell the Virginia Story JULY 1956 FACE TWENTY-FIVE Another service is the Association's 100 commitments to state mental hos- INDEX TO ADVERTISERS concentrated efforts to establish vital ])itals, 40 are re-commitments. programs of volunteer aid in state hos• The generally unrecognized vastness Aincri<-an Pigmenl Corp 2 pitals. Only two of the six state hos• of the mental illness toll places on all Appalachian Kle. trir Power Co « Aiimisia Military Atadeiny j\ pitals now have such organized pro• of us the responsibility of supporting Augusta National Hank .? 2j grams. the National and Virginia Association Ayers Sandwich Shop 1' for Mental Health. We need these or• Another service project of the Associ• — B- ganizations and they need our support Bank of Appomattox ation is the establishment of strategical• Bank of Bland County if we are to be mentally as well as Birtcherd Dairy Inc. ly located service centers. These centers Bonney Motor Express Inc. physically healthy pcoj)!. . assist returnees from mental hospitals L. T. Bowden W. C. Brooks & Son, Inc. and aid victims' families through c:oun- Contributions may be mailed to Brown Pontia< , Int . MENTAL HEALTH, in care of your seling and orientation to understand — C — local Postmaster. problems of rehabiHtation. This need is C & P Telephone Co. of Va Frank Chcrvan, Inc underscored by the fact that of every n — Danville Laundry

Fanners Bank of Holland 2 HARRISONBURG MOTOR EXPRESS Farmers Bank of Mathews 2 First & Merchants National Bank of Radford 2 P. O. Box 249 Phone 4-4485 First National Bank, Altavista 1( I he First National Bank of Cllifton Forge 2-1 HARRISONBURG, VIRGINIA — G — (iould Funeral Home Cirafton Garage KImon Gray & Co — H — Hargrave Military Academy .. . AMERICAN PIGMENT CORPORATION Harrisonburg Motor Express .. Hoisiim Bakeries, Inc

HIWASSEE, VIRGINIA -J- Jamerson Brothers Trucking Co. Johnson & Conwell

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601 Lafayette Blvd. Roanoke Concrete Products Co.

FREDERICKSBURG, VIRGINIA Seaside Laundry & Dry Cleaners Z Smithfield Ham & Products Co., Inc 2l Smithland Farms 2 Stanley Furniture Co 11 State Industrial Loan Corp 2. Staunton Military Academy 1 We Salute Our Local Virginia Natioiial Guard Unit Sykes Inn 1: —Co. C. 116th Infantry Regiment Town of Blackstone \\ First & Merchants National Bank Town of Vienna — U — of Radford United Elastic Corp 2] — V — RADFORD, VIRGINIA Valley of Virginia Milk I'rodiners Co-Op. Assn... 1 A Friendly Bank \ alliv Creamery Inc 1 Valley Veneer C-o 2^ Complete Banking Facilities for Individuals, Vaughan & Company Virginia Crafts, Inc _ 5 Partnerships and Corporations RESOURCES — $9,500,000 — W — Waynesboro Automobile Dealers J For Your Convenience, use our 10th Street Branch—Drivc-In Window Frank E. Webb 21 Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation West Sand & Gravel Co., Inc Member Federal Reserve System — Y — Edgar M. Young & Sons, Inc.

PAGE TWENTY-SIX VIRGINIA RECORD yVe Salutt tfie V irginia National Guard rriASSANUTTEN PANTHER COAL COMPANY

MILITARY ACADEMY 57th Yr. RosEANN, VIRGINIA Accredited—all colleges. In healthful Shenandoah Valley opp. Skyline Drive. ROTC. Small classes, supervised study. Athlrtic teams for all; Football, Basket• ball, Baseball, Tennis, Riding. Large Gym & indoor tiled pool. Band. Glee (lub. Rifle team. Separate ]r. School 6t/i grade up. Housemother. Catalog.

Col. R. J. Bcnchoff, Hdm., Woodstock 3, Va. LECKIE MINES

BLUEFIELD, WEST VIRGINIA

UNITED ELASTIC

CORPORATION JOSEPH MASSACIIA JR. PRESIDENT

HOTEL y^ar/i /fUH' and Bungalow% DENVER, COL. SANTA MONICA, CALIF. MIIION J HAMPtON Mono.,r> ELASTIC BRAID WIUIAM W DONNlllV. Monogr' Horft ./(iltfi4jft WASHINGTON, D. C. SACRAMENTO, CALIF. and JOHN r SCHlOlIftaiCK Monogri CHA«IIS W coil Monogr'

WEBBING HOTft ^//J(lf07l LONG BEACH, CALIF. HARTFORD, CONN. JOHN I M«KfNNON, Moooger CBIMMH R DAVIIS Monagu

HOTEL n,'/ift)U'(W GALLUP, N.M. CINCINNATI, O. MAHTIN I HANKS Monogec JOHN SCHIIBIY Mooogr.

HOTEI ^ita n€i

and In HAWAII HOTEL 7/hi4(44 S6f /t^^Orf STUART VIRGINIA HONOLULU CHARD 0 SCHOFIflO. M World-Famed Hstel Teletype Service Throup^h this wir tons ff C If ears

Coal through a wire.'' without it burn on the a\crage of Yes — when you consider that almost two tons of coal h\ w/rc .i year. electricity is transmitted through When you consider that Appala• wires, and that every lime you use chian scrs cs more th.in i ()().()()() electricity, you burn coal! Electricity homes, you can readily understand is coal . . . coal by wire! why it is Coal's No. 1 Customer in the The house here is an all-electric area Appalachian serves. In fact, this home. It has all the modern electrical year Appalachian will use ^Vz million labor-sa\ ing appliances . . . and it is tons of "home-grown" coal to pro• heated and cooled electrically, too. duce electricity. Producing this ton• To produce the electricity it uses in a nage will provide 1,724 jobs at the year, Appalachian burns seven tons of mines and pay S7,758,()()() in mine coal. Of course, electric heating is \\ ages and salaries. a new and growing wonder, and not And as more and more homes turn all homes enjoy it yet. But even those to electric heating and cooling . . . as more and more people prove for themselves that "Hlectric Living Is Best", Appalachian will use more and more coal.

-^OfiOJ&C^Oi^C^ ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY

K V K K Y T I ->l K VOL' \ S ^ E L K C T II I 1 I T Y Y O 1' II R :\ 4 O A L

• ••••• •••••••••••• MARGRAVE MILITARY ACADEMY

C'.iiA rii.wi. \'iR(;i\i,\ "T/i^ School Where Character Counts—Where Military Means Manhood!'' Ilartcravr is idrally located in a small, court- housc-towii, in tlic licalthfiil Pirdiiioiui foothills of .southern Viriiinia. It is well-known for its good food, its frii-ndly I acuity, and its courteous <:adet corps. Academically, it is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colh i^es and S( ( ondary Schools. its athletic teams are well-known and lespicted in this area. Full athletic participation to all interested cadets! 1 hr buildings are well equipped and are of cin• der block-brick, fire-resistant materials. Two of the main buildings have be«-n built since 1950. Capacity, 300 l)oarding students. P^nrolhncnt 1955 of 303. Boys accepted for .')th through 12th grades. Sep• al ate Jimior School provided for boys in ele• mentary grades. Excellent results in Remedial Readinu, at no extra cost. A manly Cihristian environment and emphasis is provided. For further information ivritc to ;oloni:l josi.ph h. cosbv Cii.M HAM. VIRGINIA * Box V**************** *