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Wilderness on the Edge: a History of Everglades National Park
Wilderness on the Edge: A History of Everglades National Park Robert W Blythe Chicago, Illinois 2017 Prepared under the National Park Service/Organization of American Historians cooperative agreement Table of Contents List of Figures iii Preface xi Acknowledgements xiii Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in Footnotes xv Chapter 1: The Everglades to the 1920s 1 Chapter 2: Early Conservation Efforts in the Everglades 40 Chapter 3: The Movement for a National Park in the Everglades 62 Chapter 4: The Long and Winding Road to Park Establishment 92 Chapter 5: First a Wildlife Refuge, Then a National Park 131 Chapter 6: Land Acquisition 150 Chapter 7: Developing the Park 176 Chapter 8: The Water Needs of a Wetland Park: From Establishment (1947) to Congress’s Water Guarantee (1970) 213 Chapter 9: Water Issues, 1970 to 1992: The Rise of Environmentalism and the Path to the Restudy of the C&SF Project 237 Chapter 10: Wilderness Values and Wilderness Designations 270 Chapter 11: Park Science 288 Chapter 12: Wildlife, Native Plants, and Endangered Species 309 Chapter 13: Marine Fisheries, Fisheries Management, and Florida Bay 353 Chapter 14: Control of Invasive Species and Native Pests 373 Chapter 15: Wildland Fire 398 Chapter 16: Hurricanes and Storms 416 Chapter 17: Archeological and Historic Resources 430 Chapter 18: Museum Collection and Library 449 Chapter 19: Relationships with Cultural Communities 466 Chapter 20: Interpretive and Educational Programs 492 Chapter 21: Resource and Visitor Protection 526 Chapter 22: Relationships with the Military -
Ernest Coe and the Fight for Everglades National Park Chris Wilhelm
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2010 Prophet of the Glades: Ernest Coe and the Fight for Everglades National Park Chris Wilhelm Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PROPHET OF THE GLADES: ERNEST COE AND THE FIGHT FOR EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK By CHRIS WILHELM A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2010 The members of the committee approve the dissertation of Chris Wilhelm defended on March 24, 2010. __________________________________ Fritz Davis Professor Directing Dissertation __________________________________ Anthony Stallins University Representative __________________________________ Ron Doel Committee Member __________________________________ Jennifer Koslow Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My family, especially my parents Margann and Jim Wilhelm, deserve enormous thanks. I can only imagine what went through their minds when their oldest son told them he was going to study history for a living. Despite this impractical decision, they have been extremely supportive, both emotionally and at times, financially. Aimee Griffith was present in my life for most of my graduate school career. She was frequently the emotional crutch I leaned upon when I studied for my comprehensive exams and when I faced the daunting task of writing the first words of this dissertation. Beth Woodward helped me in the final months of this project, often reading and critiquing the manuscript and offering encouragement. -
Making a Sunbelt Place: Tampa, Florida, 1923–1964
MAKING A SUNBELT PLACE: TAMPA, FLORIDA, 1923 – 1964 By ALAN J. BLISS A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2010 1 © 2010 Alan J. Bliss 2 To my wife Lynn, with gratitude for traveling a long highway with me 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Such success as this project may enjoy owes to many teachers at both Santa Fe Community College and the University of Florida. No one has been more influential in my academic life than the remarkable Robert Zieger, now Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Florida. Since the day in 1998 when I appeared in his office doorway, he has skillfully supervised my undergraduate honors thesis, my master’s paper, and this dissertation. He has made me a historian, and pulled it off with a deft combination of scholarly rigor, expertise, and good humor. I count our professional relationship and our friendship as my good fortune. My thanks also go to Barbara Oberlander of Santa Fe Community College, who aimed me in the direction of a distant goal, and referred me to Robert Zieger. In addition to Bob Zieger as chair, my dissertation committee included Jack Davis, Joseph Spillane, Jeffrey Needell, and Grant Thrall. Their perspectives on my project varied, but their thoughtful criticism throughout the research and writing process encouraged me and improved my work. Contrary to what some outside the academy may believe, to members of the graduate faculty at a research institution such as the University of Florida, every working hour is precious. -
Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 59, Number 1
Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 59 Number 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume Article 1 59, Number 1 1980 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 59, Number 1 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1980) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 59, Number 1," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 59 : No. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol59/iss1/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 59, Number 1 Published by STARS, 1980 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 59 [1980], No. 1, Art. 1 COVER Touring along the Halifax River around the turn of the century. This was a popular pastime for wealthy winter visitors in the Daytona Beach-Ormond area. The car is probably a steam driven 1900 Locomobile, built by a firm that bought the Stanley brothers’ business in 1899. Photograph courtesy of the P. K. Yonge Library of Florida History, University of Florida, Gainesville. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol59/iss1/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 59, Number 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Volume LIX, Number 1 July 1980 COPYRIGHT 1980 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. -
Johns Committee" the Targeting of Gay and Lesbian Communities in Post-World War II Florida
University of South Florida Digital Commons @ University of South Florida USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications USF Faculty Publications 1997 Perverted Politics under the Palms : The "Johns Committee" the Targeting of Gay and Lesbian Communities in Post-World War II Florida James Anthony Schnur Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/fac_publications Recommended Citation Schnur, James Anthony, "Perverted Politics under the Palms : The "Johns Committee" the Targeting of Gay and Lesbian Communities in Post-World War II Florida" (1997). USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications. 3048. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/fac_publications/3048 This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the USF Faculty Publications at Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. It has been accepted for inclusion in USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Perverted Politics under the Palms: The ‘Johns Committee’ and the Targeting of Gay and Lesbian Communities in Post-World War II Florida” James Anthony Schnur, M.A., M.A.L.I.S. University Librarian, University of South Florida St. Petersburg Remarks delivered in the panel: “Sex and Southern Legislatures: Examining the Politics of Regulation during the Late Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries,” Panel Session 49, Southern Historical Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, 15 November 2014 *** Good afternoon. As Jessica and Blake have illustrated, generations of Lone Star State lawmakers have had a prurient obsession with using regulation and Star Chamber proceedings to combat any perceived deviation from what they defined as the norm. -
Bourbon, Pork Chops, and Red Peppers: Political Immorality in Florida, 1945-1968 Seth A
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2007 Bourbon, Pork Chops, and Red Peppers: Political Immorality in Florida, 1945-1968 Seth A. Weitz Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES BOURBON, PORK CHOPS, AND RED PEPPERS: POLITICAL IMMORALITY IN FLORIDA, 1945-1968 B SETH A. WEITZ A Dissertation sub.itted to the Depart.ent of Histor in partial fulfill.ent of the re4uire.ents for the degree of Doctor of Philosoph Degree Awarded: Spring Se.ester, 2007 Cop right 2007 Seth A. Weitz All Rights Reserved The .e.bers of the Co..ittee approve this Dissertation of Seth A. Weitz defended on March 16, 2007 _______________________ Ja.es P. Jones Professor directing Dissertation _______________________ Patrick O@Sullivan Outside Co..ittee Me.ber _______________________ MaAine Jones Co..ittee Me.ber _______________________ Edward D. W not Co..ittee Me.ber The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above na.ed co..ittee .e.bers ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the process of researching and writing this dissertation I have benefited greatl fro. fa.il , friends, colleagues and .entors who have encouraged .e in nu.erous wa s. Firstl I would like to thank . parents, Michael and Barbara Weitz, who supported . decision to forgo Law School and pursue . graduate degrees in histor . Fro. an earl age the included .e in their nu.erous international travels and helped to foster . love for histor . Mo., I a. especiall indebted to ou for our advice and suggestions on the literar scope of this dissertation. -
Civil Rights in the Sunshine State
THE FIGHT OVER LABOR After generations of slavery, black Floridians, like their counterparts in other southern states, recognized that the basis of wealth was their labor. They joined labor unions, sometimes in coalition with working class whites. They demanded higher wages, went on strikes, quit their jobs, and migrated to new areas for better economic opportunities. African Americans also formed schools to educate themselves and improve their prospects. At the same time, Florida's leaders saw the state's future in agriculture, timber, phosphate mining, turpentine, and tourism. Elite whites, including northern business investors, believed profitability relied on cheap black labor. They also viewed a black presence on Florida's beaches as a threat to the state's burgeoning tourism industry. Laws were passed that prohibited blacks from quitting their jobs or moving to other areas for better employment. Vagrancy and after-dark laws also limited black mobility. Turpentine, phosphate, and railway workers often were paid in company money. This currency, known as scrip, could only be spent at company stores, which charged inflated prices and kept workers in debt to the company. Other methods to control black labor in Florida and other southern states, included limiting access to voting, educational opportunities, and organizing with working whites. These restrictions were achieved through legal and extralegal means, including violence and intimidation. Still, black Floridians continued to struggle and organize for equality. ЛIM CROW In the 1830s, white actor Thomas Dartmouth Rice created a character named Jim Crow, a black clown who danced a jig, spoke in an exaggerated accent, and wore tattered clothing. -
Aberdeen Proving Grounds, 553 Acceler8, 638 Across the Everglades
Index Aberdeen Proving Grounds, 553 American Ornithological Union, 44-47, 418 Acceler8, 638 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Across the Everglades: A Canoe Journey of of 2009, 639-40 Exploration (Willoughby, 1898), 42 Anderson, Richard “Rick,” 410, 486, 488 Across Trophic Landscape System Anderson, Robert, 547 Simulation (ATLSS), 628 Andrews, Lisa, 513 Adaptive Monitoring and Assessment for the “An Early Pocahontas” (Douglas short Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan story), 140 (2003), 634 Anglo-American settlement of South Aerojet-General Corporation, 226-27 Florida, 27-28 African Americans, 3, 25, 27, 35-37, 115 Anhinga, The (newsletter), 579-81 African jewelfish, 387 anhingas, 41 Airboat Association of Florida, 487 Anhinga Trail, 16, 184, 231-32, 311, 391-92, airboats, 131-32, 171, 261, 531, 574-75 424, 494, 497, 500 Air Force Avionics Laboratory, 554 Annat, Elizabeth, 150, 152 AIRIE. See Artists in Residence in the Anthropology of Florida, The (Hrdlička 1922), Everglades 63 Ais people, 19, 23 Antillean Marine Shipping Corporation, 583 Albert, Eddie, 504 Apalachee people, 23 Albright, Horace M., 67, 72, 74-76, 81, 84, Apalachicola River, 25 85, 88, 89, 91, 96, 148 Appelbaum, Stuart, 626-28 Albury, William, 100 apple snail, 322-23 Alexander, J. S., 95, 96 aquifer storage and recovery, 633, 642 Allen, Hervey, 139 Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Allen, Robert Porter, 318-19 Everglades Restoration Plan (CROGEE, Allen, Thomas, 115, 117, 123-25, 127, 134, 2001), 634 136, 138, 146, 177, 178, 208, 228, 229, Archaic -
Let Florida Be Green: Women, Activism, and the Environmental Century, 1900-2000
LET FLORIDA BE GREEN: WOMEN, ACTIVISM, AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL CENTURY, 1900-2000 By LESLIE KEMP POOLE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Leslie Kemp Poole 2 To my husband, Michael, and sons, Blake and Preston, who joined me on this long journey and kept me on the path; and to Clara Dommerich, Lucy Worthington Blackman, Katherine Bell Tippetts, and the other “forgotten” Florida women who deserve the thanks of every Floridian for their passion and dedication. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the guidance of Dr. Jack E. Davis. His insight and enthusiasm for revealing the agency of women in Florida’s environmental movement has been priceless and his close, challenging scrutiny of my work has vastly improved it. Dr. Vassiliki “Betty” Smocovitis opened my eyes to the wonders of women and science and patiently guided me through important dissertation topics, and Dr. Paul Ortiz welcomed my recorded interviews into the University of Florida’s Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, where they will be available for future researchers. Many thanks to my committee members, Dr. Louise Newman and Prof. Alyson Flournoy, for their valuable insights about women’s strategies and tactics. Also at UF, Dr. Steven Noll has encouraged me and shared his keen understanding of Florida environmental history, particularly of the Cross-Florida Barge Canal; Florence Turcotte offered wonderful direction at the UF archives; and Dr. Margaret “Peggy” MacDonald willingly shared her research about Marjorie Harris Carr that is incorporated into this document. -
Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 72, Number 3
Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 72 Number 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume Article 1 72, Number 3 1993 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 72, Number 3 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1993) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 72, Number 3," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 72 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol72/iss3/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 72, Number 3 Published by STARS, 1993 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 72 [1993], No. 3, Art. 1 COVER A young Samuel Proctor stands with his father in their grocery store on Myrtle Avenue in Jacksonville, c. early 1920s. Mrs. Proctor looks on from behind the cash register. Jack and Celia Proctor’s family-run establishment was typical of small neighborhood stores throughout the South. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol72/iss3/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 72, Number 3 Historical Volume LXXII, Number 3 January 1994 The Florida Historical Quarterly (ISSN 0015-4113) is published quarterly by the Florida Historical Society, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, and is printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, FL. Second-class postage paid at Tampa, FL, and at additional mailing office. -
Florida Historical Quarterly
COVER The winning race car driven at Daytona Beach by Whitney and Ed Curry of Bradenton around 1911. The trophies in the picture are in the Eaton Florida History Room, Manatee County Central Library. The photograph is also from the Library’s collection. The uarter Volume LXVI, Number 1 July 1987 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1987 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. (ISSN 0015-4113) THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Gordon J. Tapper, Editorial Assistant M. Sherry Johnson, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and the Editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsi- bility for statements made or opinions held by authors.