DOCSLIB.ORG

Practical Watchmaking

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Practical Watchmaking Vigniaux Practical Watchmaking Translated By Richard Watkins Vigniaux Practical Watchmaking © Copyright 2011, Richard Watkins, Kingston, Tasmania 2 Vigniaux Practical Watchmaking Contents Translator’s Foreword .......................................................................................................................... 11 Preface ...................................................................................................................................................... 15 Part One. ................................................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter One: The Watchmaker’s Workshop. .................................................................................. 17 Chapter II: Tools Necessary for a Watchmaker. ............................................................................. 17 Chapter III: Steel.................................................................................................................................. 20 Annealing Steel............................................................................................................................. 20 Hardening Steel. ........................................................................................................................... 20 Chapter IV: Brass. ............................................................................................................................... 21 Chapter V: The File and the Turns................................................................................................... 21 Chapter VI: Tools for the Turns......................................................................................................... 22 Bows............................................................................................................................................... 22 Gravers. ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Square Gravers to Make Recesses............................................................................................. 23 Chapter VII: The Turns. Pl. 6, Fig.1. ............................................................................................... 23 To Make a Ferrule. ...................................................................................................................... 24 To Make Turning Arbors and Stems......................................................................................... 24 To Turn the Points of Turning Arbors....................................................................................... 25 To Preserve the Points of Arbors. .............................................................................................. 25 To Finish Arbors. ......................................................................................................................... 25 To Fix a Part on an Arbor........................................................................................................... 26 To Smooth a Part with Four or Eight Sides on the Turns..................................................... 26 Putty............................................................................................................................................... 26 To Polish Arbors on the Turns. .................................................................................................. 26 Chapter VIII: Drills.............................................................................................................................. 27 To Form the Tips of Drills Properly. ......................................................................................... 27 Pivot Broaches. ............................................................................................................................. 28 Method of Boring Various Parts of Brass and Steel, such as Canons & Canon Pinions ................................................................................................................................... 29 Method of Correcting a Part with a Sharp Hammer............................................................... 29 To Correct a Part with a Round Pean Hammer...................................................................... 29 Chapter IX: Various Methods of Soldering, and Various Types of Solder Used in Watchmaking................................................................................................................................ 30 Silver Solder................................................................................................................................... 30 How to Make Third and Quarter Silver Solder........................................................................ 31 Tin Solder. ..................................................................................................................................... 31 Tin Solder with Sulphate of Ammonia...................................................................................... 31 Tin Solder with Oil and Sulphate of Ammonia. ...................................................................... 31 Solder with Tin, Water and Sulphate of Ammonia................................................................. 31 To Make Tin Solder...................................................................................................................... 31 Chapter X: Smoothing and Polishing Steel. ..................................................................................... 32 Polishing Steel. ............................................................................................................................. 32 Chapter XI: Choice of Compounds to Smooth and Polish Brass................................................... 32 Rotten-Stone and its Preparation.............................................................................................. 32 Charcoal to Polish Brass............................................................................................................. 33 To Smooth Brass. ......................................................................................................................... 33 To Polish Brass. ........................................................................................................................... 33 Burnishing Steel and Brass........................................................................................................ 33 3 Vigniaux Practical Watchmaking Chapter XII: Screw Plates. ................................................................................................................. 34 Taps. .............................................................................................................................................. 34 To Recess the Heads of Screws. ................................................................................................. 35 Chapter XIII: Square Punch Tools and Riveting Punches............................................................. 36 Files and how to Fix Handles. ................................................................................................... 36 Chapter XIV: Pins................................................................................................................................ 37 Part Two.................................................................................................................................................... 39 Chapter One: The Rough Movement. ................................................................................................ 39 Chapter II: Calibres............................................................................................................................. 40 How to Draw a Calibre Based on a Piece Already Made....................................................... 40 Chapter III: To Mount a Frame......................................................................................................... 40 Method of Making the Plates. .................................................................................................... 40 To Make the Recess for the Center Wheel................................................................................ 41 The Barrette.................................................................................................................................. 41 To Round the Ends of Pillars ..................................................................................................... 42 The Pillars..................................................................................................................................... 42 The Top Plate. .............................................................................................................................. 42 To Rivet the Pillars...................................................................................................................... 42 Chapter IV: The Wheels...................................................................................................................... 43 The First Wheel............................................................................................................................ 43 The Center and Third Wheels.................................................................................................... 43 The Contrate Wheel....................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • American Hand Book of the Daguerreotype Giving The
    AMERICAN HAND BOOK OF THE DAGUERREOTYPE GIVING THE MOST APPROVED AND CONVENIENT METHODS FOR PREPARING THE CHEMICALS, AND THE COMBINATIONS USED IN THE ART. CONTAINING THE DAGUERREOTYPE, ELECTROTYPE, AND VARIOUS OTHER PROCESSES EMPLOYED IN TAKINGHELIOGRAPHIC IMPRESSIONS. BY S. D. HUMPHREY FIFTH EDITION NEW YORK: PUBLISHED BY S. D. HUMPHREY 37 LISPENARD STREET 1858 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858, by S. D. HUMPHREY, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District of New York. To J. GURNEY, WHOSE PROFESSIONAL SKILL, SCIENTIFIC ACCURACY, AND ENERGETIC PERSEVERANCE, HAVE WON FOR HIM UNIVERSAL ESTEEM, THIS WORK IS MOST RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED. PREFACE. There is not an Amateur or practical Daguerreotypist, who has not felt the want of a manual--Hand Book, giving concise and reliable information for the processes, and preparations of the Agents employed in his practice. Since portraits by the Daguerreotype are at this time believed to be more durable than any other style of "Sun-drawing," the author has hit upon the present as being an appropriate time for the introduction of the Fifth Edition of this work. The earlier edition having a long since been wholly; exhausted, the one now before you is presented. The endeavor has been to point out the readiest and most approved Methods of Operation, and condense in its pages; as much practical information as its limits will admit. An extended Preface is unnecessary, since the aim and scope of this work are sufficiently indicated by the title. S. D. HUMPHREY NEW YORK, 1858. CONTENTS CHAPTER I.
    [Show full text]
  • A Handbook on Japanning by William N. Brown
    A HANDBOOK ON JAPANNING FOR IRONWARE, TINWARE, WOOD, ETC. WITH SECTIONS ON TIN-PLATING AND GALVANIZING BY WILLIAM N. BROWN SECOND EDITION: REVISED AND ENLARGED WITH THIRTEEN ILLUSTRATIONS LONDON SCOTT, GREENWOOD AND SON "THE OIL AND COLOUR TRADES JOURNAL" OFFICES 8 BROADWAY, LUDGATE, E.C. 1913 D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY 8 WARREN ST., NEW YORK First Edition under title "A Handbook on Japanning and Enamelling", 1901 Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged, under title "A Handbook on Japanning"— January, 1913 CONTENTS PAGE SECTION I. INTRODUCTION. 1-5 Priming or Preparing the Surface to be Japanned 4 The First Stage in the Japanning of Wood or of Leather without a Priming 5 SECTION II. JAPAN GROUNDS. 6-19 White Japan Grounds 7 Blue Japan Grounds 9 Scarlet Japan Ground 9 Red Japan Ground 10 Bright Pale Yellow Grounds 10 Green Japan Grounds 10 Orange-Coloured Grounds 11 Purple Grounds 11 Black Grounds 11 Common Black Japan Grounds on Metal 12 Tortoise-shell Ground 12 Painting Japan Work 13 Varnishing Japan Work 17 SECTION III. JAPANNING OR ENAMELLING METALS. 20-28 Enamelling Bedstead Frames and similar large pieces 24 Japanning Tin, such as Tea-trays and similar goods 25 Enamelling Old Work 27 SECTION IV. THE ENAMELLING AND JAPANNING STOVE—PIGMENTS SUITABLE FOR JAPANNING WITH NATURAL LACQUER—MODERN METHODS OF JAPANNING WITH NATURAL JAPANESE LACQUER. 29-48 Appliances and Apparatus used in Japanning and Enamelling 29 Modern Japanning and Enamelling Stoves 34 Stoves heated by direct fire 34 Stoves heated by hot-water pipes 36 Pigments suitable for Japanning with Natural Lacquer 45 White Pigments 45 Red Pigments 46 Blue Pigment 46 Yellow Pigments 46 Green Pigment 46 Black Pigment 46 Methods of Application 46 Modern Methods of Japanning and Enameling with Natural Japanese 47 Lacquer SECTION V.
    [Show full text]
  • MICRO-MESH Procedures for Wood MICRO-MESH Is a Unique Cushioned Abrasive That Produces a Very Fine and Uniform Scratch Pattern
    MICRO-MESH Procedures for Wood MICRO-MESH is a unique cushioned abrasive that produces a very fine and uniform scratch pattern. The nine grits range from 1500 up to 12,000. The 1500 is slightly coarser than a common 600 grit sandpaper. The 12,000 will leave a scratch pattern that cannot be detected by the human eye. MICRO-MESH abrasives can polish to a high reflective state or leave a matte or satin finish depending upon where you stop using the series. 1. Bare Woods Before starting the MICRO-MESH series, coarse sanding should be done using up to 320 grit sandpaper. Shaping, sawing or turning of the work piece should be complete. Begin with 1500 MICRO-MESH, sand until all of the common sandpaper scratches are removed. Continue with the MICRO-MESH series (1800, 2400, 3200, 3600, 4000, 6000, 8000, 12000). You may stop at any point during this process when you have reached the finish that you desire. On wood to be finished with urethane, polyester, lacquer, etc. you may want to stop at 3200 or 3600. This gives the wood a smooth base but leaves a gripping surface for the finish. 2. Wood Finishes (polyurethane, polyester, epoxy, lacquer, etc.) When applying multiple coats of finish sand only to 3200 or 3600 before re-coating. This will remove any orange-peel or dirt. Polish surface, beginning with 2400 MICRO-MESH and continuing through the series (3200-12000) until the desired gloss is achieved. Satin finishes are achieved with the 3600 grade. The satin finish gets progressively higher in gloss through the 6000 step.
    [Show full text]
  • Wood-Frame House Construction
    WOOD-FRAME HOUSE CONSTRUCTION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE «FOREST SERVICB»AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK NO. 73 WOOD-FRAME HOUSE CONSTRUCTION By L. O. ANDERSON, Engineer Forest Products Laboratory — Forest Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Agriculture Handbook No. 73 • Revised July 1970 Slightly revised April 1975 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washincfton, D.C. 20402 Price: $2.60 ACKNOWLEDGMENT Acknowledgment is made to the following members of the Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for their contributions to this Handbook: John M. Black, for information on painting and finishing; Theodore C. Scheffer, for information on protection against termites and decay; and Herbert W. Eickner, for information on protection against fire. Acknowledgment is also made to Otto C. Heyer (retired) for his part as a co-author of the first edition and to other FPL staff members who have contributed valuable information for this revision. The wood industry has also contributed significantly to many sections of the publication. 11 CONTENTS Page Page Introduction 1 Chapter 6.—Wall Framing 31 Requirements 31 Chapter 1.—Location and Excavation 1 Platform Construction 31 Condition at Site 1 Balloon Construction 33 Placement of the House 3 Window and Door Framing 34 Height of Foundation Walls 3 End-wall Framing 36 Excavation 4 Interior Walls 38 Chapter 2.—Concrete and Masonry 5 Lath Nailers 39 Mixing and Pouring 5 Chapter 7.—Ceiling and Roof Framing 40 Footings 5 Ceiling Joists 40 Draintile 7 Flush Ceiling Framing 42
    [Show full text]
  • Woodworking Glossary, a Comprehensive List of Woodworking Terms and Their Definitions That Will Help You Understand More About Woodworking
    Welcome to the Woodworking Glossary, a comprehensive list of woodworking terms and their definitions that will help you understand more about woodworking. Each word has a complete definition, and several have links to other pages that further explain the term. Enjoy. Woodworking Glossary A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | #'s | A | A-Frame This is a common and strong building and construction shape where you place two side pieces in the orientation of the legs of a letter "A" shape, and then cross brace the middle. This is useful on project ends, and bases where strength is needed. Abrasive Abrasive is a term use to describe sandpaper typically. This is a material that grinds or abrades material, most commonly wood, to change the surface texture. Using Abrasive papers means using sandpaper in most cases, and you can use it on wood, or on a finish in between coats or for leveling. Absolute Humidity The absolute humidity of the air is a measurement of the amount of water that is in the air. This is without regard to the temperature, and is a measure of how much water vapor is being held in the surrounding air. Acetone Acetone is a solvent that you can use to clean parts, or remove grease. Acetone is useful for removing and cutting grease on a wooden bench top that has become contaminated with oil. Across the Grain When looking at the grain of a piece of wood, if you were to scratch the piece perpendicular to the direction of the grain, this would be an across the grain scratch.
    [Show full text]
  • Glass Blowing
    The Methods of GLASS BLOWING 1^5 mm W. A. SHENSTONE Presented to the LIBRARY of the UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO by Mr. J. R. McLeod THE METHODS OF GLASS BLOWING AND OF WORKING SILICA BY THB SAME AUTHOR WitA 25 //lustrations. Crown Zvo, 2S. A Praetieal Intpoduction to Chemistry, intended to give a practical acquaintance with the Elementary Facts and Principles of Chemistry. LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. LONDON, NEW YORK, BOMBAY, CALCUTTA, AND MADRAS. The Methods of Glass Blowing AND OF Working Silica in the Oxy-Gas Flame FOR THE USE OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL STUDENTS BY W. A. S HEN STONE, F.R.S. FORMERLY LECTURER ON CHEMISTRY IN CLIFTON COLLEGE NINTH IMPRESSION LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON FOURTH AVENUE & 30TH STREET, NEW YORK BOMBAY, CALCUTTA, AND MADRAS I916 PREFACE This book consists of a reprint of the third edition ol my Methods of Glass-blowing, together with a new chapter in which I haxe..described the comparatively new art of working vitreous silica. The individual operations of glass-blowing are much less difficult than is usually supposed, and considerable success in the performance of most of them may be attained by any one who is endowed with average powers of manipulation and who is moderately per- sistent. Constructing finished apparatus is often more difficult, as it may involve the performance of several operations under disadvantageous conditions, and may demand a little ingenuity on the part of the operator. But I think the suggestions in Chapter IV. will make this comparatively easy also to those who have mastered the operations described in Chapter III.
    [Show full text]
  • Pre-1850 Paint in Historic Properties
    PRE-1850 PAINT IN HISTORIC PROPERTIES: TREATMENT OPTIONS AND PROCESSES by JESSICA PARKER DOCKERY (Under the direction of Mark Reinberger) ABSTRACT This thesis addresses the problem of how administrators of historic properties should deal with early paint at their property. A history of paint making and application, as well as a discussion of paint color trends in America, what options are available to administrators of historic sites, and the process of paint analysis are included. Case studies are used as examples of different approaches taken at some historic sites. The recommendation is made that all historic sites should conduct thorough paint analysis before any changes are made to paint finishes, and any decorative finishes should be protected for future examination before any repainting is conducted. If a complete paint restoration is not feasible, the historic site should, at the very least, attempt a rehabilitation using historically accurate colors based on paint analysis. INDEX WORDS: Historic preservation, House museum, Historic site, Paint, Paint making, Paint application, Paint analysis, Pigment, Varnish, Oil-paint, Water-based paint, Color, Monticello, Mount Vernon, Historic Carnton Plantation, Historic Stagville State Historic Site, House in the Horseshoe State Historic Site, Joseph Bell House PRE-1850 PAINT IN HISTORIC PROPERTIES: TREATMENT OPTIONS AND PROCESSES by JESSICA PARKER DOCKERY B.A., The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1997 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia
    [Show full text]
  • Frame Making: Carving, Gilding and Finishing
    2016 BEYOND 25 YEARS OF SKILLS ENHANCEMENT 2014 George Alexander Foundation International Fellowship Frame Making: Carving, Gilding and Finishing Reuben Rich An ISS Institute Fellowship sponsored by The George Alexander Foundation ISS Institute Inc JULY 2016 © ISS Institute T 03 9347 4583 Level 1 E [email protected] 189 Faraday Street www.issinstitute.org.au Carlton Vic W AUSTRALIA 3053 Published by International Specialised Skills Institute, Melbourne Published on www.issinstitute.org.au © Copyright ISS Institute July 2016 This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Whilst this report has been accepted by ISS Institute, ISS Institute cannot provide expert peer review of the report, and except as may be required by law no responsibility can be accepted by ISS Institute for the content of the report or any links therein, or omissions, typographical, print or photographic errors, or inaccuracies that may occur after publication or otherwise. ISS Institute do not accept responsibility for the consequences of any action taken or omitted to be taken by any person as a consequence of anything contained in, or omitted from, this report. i. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report details the international experience of the Fellow in his quest to acquire knowledge and insight into the artisanal methodology, procedure, history and artistry of traditional picture-frame making. The Fellow travelled to Istanbul in Turkey, and to Florence, Rome and the enchanting small town of Moie in Italy. He visited galleries, museums, the Vatican and a dozen artisan framing workshops and studios during this Fellowship program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Boy's Book of Sports and Games, Containing Rules and Directions For
    BERKELEY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OP CALIFORNIA iDDciTr'^N lihb; ifu^^ys-L Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.arcliive.org/details/boysbookofsportsOOunclricli* \M&'&MS' PREFACE, The boy's liMiry is not considered complete without a Book of Sports. The little fellows like to have a printed authority for the laws of the game; and they take delight in reading descriptions of those games and amusements which afford them recreation in the intervals of labour and study. Our little volume describes the most popular amusements, and will undoubtedly suggest to most of its juvenile readers some sports with which they were previously unacquainted. We have confined ourselves to those sports which prevail in our own country—those which all may participate in, with- out inconvenience ; believing it to be quite superfluous to give any account of those which are wholly foreign and un- practised by American boys. And if our eflforts have been instrumental in instructing, improving, or amusing any of our youthful readers, we need scarcely affirm, that it will prove a source of real and un- mixed gratification to their well-wisher and friend, UNCLE JOHN. (3) /; dutoJ(0^/\ GFI U5 CONTENTS MINOR SPORTS. ?AO« PAOB Buff with the Wand . 26 Bonces . 9 Jingling . 27 Spanning 9 Hunt the Slipper . 27 The Regiment of Soldiers . 10 Hunt the Whistle . 28 Chip Halfpenny 10 Puss in the Corner . 29 Hockey or Shinney . 10 Thread the Needle . 29 I spy I . 11 The Huntsman . 80 Masters and Men . 11 The Game of the Key .
    [Show full text]
  • Wood Finishing Refers to the Process of Refining Or Protecting a Wooden Surface, Especially in the Production of Furniture Where
    Wood finishing - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_finishing From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Wood finishing refers to the process of refining or protecting a wooden surface, especially in the production of furniture where typically it represents between 5 and 30% of manufacturing costs.[1][2] Finishing is the final step of the manufacturing process that gives wood surfaces desirable characteristics, including enhanced appearance and increased resistance to moisture and other environmental agents. Finishing can also make wood easier to clean[3] and influence other wood properties, for example tonal qualities of musical instruments and hardness of flooring.[4][5] In addition, finishing provides a way of giving low-value woods the appearance of ones that are expensive and difficult to obtain. A worker sprays a urethane finish onto a timber 1 Planning the finish (thinking ahead)[6] 2 Sanding 2.1 Removing larger defects 3 Bleaching and Removal of Stains 4 Colouring Wood 5 Basic wood finishing procedure 6 Types of finishes 7 Comparison of different clear finishes 8 Automated wood finishing methods 8.1 Hangline approach 8.2 Towline approach 9 See also 10 References 11 External links [6] Finishing of wood requires careful planning to ensure that the finished piece looks attractive, performs well in service and meets safety and environmental requirements.[6] Planning for finishing begins with the design of furniture.[6] Care should be taken to ensure that edges of furniture are rounded so they can be adequately coated and are able
    [Show full text]
  • EE Dec 1916 .Pdf
    DECEMBER., 1916 15 CENTS ff, POPULAR NEWS LARGEST CIRCULATION OF ANY ELECTRICAL PUBLICATION Radio Operators - Multiply Your Range by Two USE Brandes Radio Head Sets because their two perfectly matched receivers strengthen weak, long- distance signals and make "Superior" Model Brandes them loud and clear. Head Set. Price com- plete $5.50. Try it. Brandes Wireless Head Sets have helped many an amateur and professional make new long - distance records. Try them out yourself. If you're not convinced after ten days' use, BRANDES return the head set and we will refund your money cheerfully. WIRELESS Send 4c today for our new Catalog E. It RECEIVERS contains valuable radio information. C. BRANDES, Inc. The Receivers with Matched Tone ROOM 814, 32 UNION SQUARE NEW YORK, N. Y. XMAS WIRELESS BARGAINS On a Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back Basis Due to the ever increasing prices of nearly all metals -in fact everything that goes into the products we make, brought about by the war, labor conditions, etc., we strongly advise you to BUY NOW AND SAVE MONEY. EXPERIMENTING and EXPERIENCE have developed some great Improvements in our TEL-RADION PERMANENT WIRELESS DETECTOR. We have produced two new types of detectors which meet all requirements and conquer all the difficulties experienced with other detectors. Our new DUPLEX TEL -RADION is a wonder. It enables the operator to attune separately to local or long distance stations by merely turning the rotary switch. Close tuning is Instantly accomplished without disturbing the connec- tions or changing the adjustment. It Is like having two detectors. one sensitive, the other super -sensitive, but combined In one.
    [Show full text]
  • 1905-08-16 [P ]
    that woman so fashioned in thy image! excellent remedy. She followed me, and laid her hand up­ He had taken from his pocket a D'ri and I on my arm tenderly, while I shook brown pill of the size of a large pea, By IRVING BACHELIEI with emotion. * ' and sat rolling it in his palm. Had he "Captain," said she, in that sweet brought me poison? Author of " Eben Holden." "Daml of Discussing the comparative food value tho Blessed Isles," Etc. voice, "captain, what have I done?" "I suppose it is better than—" It was the first day of the Indian of roast beef and turkey, the English Hegshot a glance at me as if to com­ Lancet says: VQqpjngkt, MB, by Lotluttp Publishing Company.) summer, a memorable season that year, mand silence, then he put the pill in when according to an, old legend, the First, it may be said that weight for my palm. I saw it was of brown tissue weight the flesh of the turkey is more Great Father sits idly on the moun­ rolled tightly. CHAPTER XXIV—CONTINUED. tain-tops and blows the smoke of his "Don't take it now," said he; "too nourishing than that of beef, but the "War—it is forever war," said • Subject Which Is of Deeper Inter­ latter is, generally speaking, cheaper long pipe into the valleys. In a mo­ soon after breakfast. Wait half an est to the Grower Than the l Therese, when I told her at dinner. ment I was quite calm, and stood look­ than the former.
    [Show full text]