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Ecological and Faunistic Review of Entomocomplexes of Adyr Zones of the Fergana Valley

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Ecological and Faunistic Review of Entomocomplexes of Adyr Zones of the Fergana Valley International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2018): 7.426 Ecological and Faunistic Review of Entomocomplexes of Adyr Zones of the Fergana Valley Zokirov I. I.1, Mirzayeva G. S.2, Abdullayeva D. R.3 Abstract: The article analyzes the state of entomocomplexes in adyr conditions of the Fergana Valley, reflects background species and the state of cenoses based on an analysis of the ratios of insect-phytophages.In the agrocenoses of the studied region, 94 species and 14 subspecies of insect edificators were recorded, 6 of them were invasive.Dangerous invasive and quarantine species have been registered: Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller, 1873) – potato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) – tomato moth and Myiopardalis pardalina Bigot, 1891 – melon fly. As a result of the activity of these species, a violation and reformation of the community of local entomocomplexes is observed. Keywords: entomocomplex, adyr zones, insects, edificators, adventives, invasives, Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan 1. Introduction insects belonging to 6 orders: Orthoptera - 13 species, Homoptera - 21 species, Coleoptera - 41 species, The Fergana Valley is surrounded by the mountain systems Lepidoptera - 29 species, Hymenoptera - 1 species, Diptera - of the Pamir-Altai and the Tien Shan. Geographical location 3 species), which are edificators of this zone.The general and climatic conditions, altitude amplitude determine the background of the entomocomplex is characterized by the variety of environmental conditions in the region. Vertical predominance of xerophilic and xeromesophilic insect zoning (adyrs, foothills, tau, yaylau) characterizes the rich species. Many of them are potential plant pests and cause fauna and flora of the Fergana Valley. Entomocomplexes, as significant damage to crops [14, 15, 16]. an integral part of the corresponding ecosystems, play an important role in their formation and functioning. At the same time, the adyr zone serves as a source of transition of some species of the entomocomplex into To date, the entomocomplexes of the adyr zones of the agrocenoses. Representatives of the Coleoptera winged wing Fergana Valley have not been studied. Some scientific group predominate in the species diversity of this sources provide information on the insect fauna of Central entomocomplex.Here 41 (37.9% of the fauna) species were Asia and Uzbekistan of a general nature [1, 7, 11, 12, 14]. identified, belonging to 31 (38.7% of the biodiversity of the entomocomplex) genus and 9 (Chrysomelidae, The aim of this work is a comparative assessment of the Coccinellidae, Curculionidae, Elateridae, Meloidae, composition and structure of entomocomplexes in various Melolonthidae, Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae, Tenebrionidae biotopes, adyr zones of the Fergana Valley, the identification 39) ( % insect families of the entomocomplex) (Table of background species and, as a result, the determination of 1).Beetles of the following species:Phaldon cochlea Rial., cenosis stability. Epilachna chrisomelina (F.), Cluthornhynchus jakovleve Schltze., Agriotes meticulosus Cand., Epicauta 2. Material and Methods of Research erythrocephala (Pall.), Meligethes aeneus F.,Polyphylla adspersa Motch., Amphimallon solstitialisL., Cetonia aurata The studies were carried out during 2012-2019. in the adyr L., Podonta daghestanica Rtt. andCryllotalpaunispinaSauss. zones of the Fergana Valley and the territories adjacent to it. (Orthoptera:Gryllotalpidae)are most harmful in the cultural During the research, methods and determinants used in landscapes of the adyr zone. general entomology and ecology were used [3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11]. More than 3 thousand insects were collected during the research period and their collections were created (Fig. 1-3). 3. Results and Discussion In the course of faunistic studies, it was determined that 94 species and 14 subspecies of insect edificators belonging to 6 orders, 23 families and 80 genera are found on the adyr zones of the Fergana Valley. We have studied the faunistic composition and bioecology of individual species, as well as the patterns of formation of the entomocomplexes of the adyr zone.During the study in the Adyr zone, we identified 108 species and subspecies of Volume 8 Issue 10, October 2019 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Paper ID: ART20201433 10.21275/ART20201433 1231 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2018): 7.426 According to the number of species, representatives of the orders Lepidoptera (29 species, 26.8% of the fauna) and Homoptera (21 species, 19.4% of the fauna) occupy the second and third places, respectively. Lepidoptera: Agrotissegetum Schiff., Agrotisexclamations Schiff., Chlorideaobsoleta F., Helicoverpaarmigera Hdn., EuxoacamsicnaHch., MamestrabrassicaeL., Plutellamaculipennis (Curt.), GlyphodespyloalisWalker, Phthorimaeaoperculella(Zell.), Tutaabsoluta(Mey.)and species of aphids– Aphisgossypii Glov., AphispomideGeer, Acyrthosiphongossypii (Mordv.) are of economic importance. In particular, it should be noted that in 1997 for the first time Figure 1: Orthoptera species collected from the Fergana a dangerous pest was registered in the Fergana Valley - a Valley.(I.I.Zokirov, 2019) mulberry ogne (Glyphodes pyloalis Walker), which does great harm to the mulberries in all areas of the valley [13].To date, invasive and quarantine species common in some regions of the republic: Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller, 1873) - potato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) - tomato moth and Myiopardalis pardalina Bigot, 1891 - melon fly was first discovered (2016-2018 years) in the Fergana Valley [15, 16]. Table 1: Species composition of edificators adyr zones of the Fergana Valley Order Family Species (subspecies) Acrida oxycephalaPall. Calliptamus barbatus cephalotes F.-W. CalliptamusitalicusitalicusL. Calliptamus tartarus Costa Figure 2: Coleoptera species collected from the Fergana Calliptamus turanicus Tarb. Acrididae Valley. (I.I.Zokirov, 2019) DociostaurusmaroccanusThumb. Orthoptera LocustamigratoriamigratoriaL. Oedaleus senegalensis Krauss. Qrullulus desertus Pall. Sphiпgoпotus nebulosus (F.d.W). Tettigonia viridissimaL. Gryllidae Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer. Gryllotalpidae Gryllotalpa unispina Sauss. Acyrthosiphon gossypii(Mordv.) Amphorophora catharinae (Nevs.) Aphis chlorisKoch. Aphis gossypiiGlov. Aphis magnopilosaNevs. Homoptera Aphididae Aphis pomide Geer Aphis spiraefilaPatch. Aphis spiraephila Patch. Figure 3: Coleoptera species collected from the Fergana Brachycaudus amygdalinus Valley. (I.I.Zokirov, 2019) (Scheuf.) Volume 8 Issue 10, October 2019 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Paper ID: ART20201433 10.21275/ART20201433 1232 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2018): 7.426 Brevicorune brassicae (L.) Phthorimaea operculella (Zell.) Dysaphis cousiniae Narz. Tuta absoluta (Mey.) Dysaphis crataegi(Kalt.) Glyphodes pyloalis Walker Dysaphis eremuri(Narz.) Pieris brassicae ottonis Roeb. Hyadaphis coerulescens (Narz.) Pyralidae Pieriscanidia palaearctica Stgr. Macrosiphum rosaeL. Pierisrapae debilis Alph. Schizaphis graminum(Rond.) Colias erate erate Esp. Uroleucon jaceae(L.) Chazara briseis maracandica Stgr. Lachnidae Pterochloroides persicaeChol. Chazaraenervata Alph. Paracletus cimiciformis von Heyd. Fabriciana niobe L. Pemphigidae Tetraneura coerulescens (Pass.) Hyponephele dysdora Led. Tetraneura ulmi(L.) Hyponephele interposita Entomoscelis adonidisholl Pall. interposita Ersch. Chrysomelidae Hyponephele lupina intermedia Phaldon cochlea Rial. Nymphalidae Coccinellidae Epilachna chrisomelina (F.) Stgr. Cluthornhynchus Issoria lathonia lathonia L. jakovleveSchltze. Melitaea didyma turkestanica Lixus tschimkenticus Fst. Shelj. Curculionidae Lixus hirticollis Men. Mesoacidalia aglaija L. Lixusrubicundus Zoubk. Pandoriana pandora Den.et Phytonomus variabilis Hrbst. Schiff. Phytonomus consimilisFaust Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae Athallia colibri Christ. Elateridae Agriotes meticulosus Cand. Syrphidae Eumerus strigatus Fall. Epicauta erythrocephala(Pall.) Diptera Tephritidae Myiopordalis pardalina (Big.) Meloe coriarium Brndt. Anthomiidae Delia brassicae(Bouché) Meloetuecius Rossi. Total 23 94(14) Meloidae Mylabris quadripunctata L. Mylabris magnoguttata Heyel. The studied insect species occur not only in the Mylabrisgerminata F. entomocenosis, but also in the feed ratio. If the species range Polyphylla adspersa Mots. Melolonthidae as a geographical rank determines its distribution in space, Polyphyllatridentata Rtt. then the environment - its distribution and ecological niche. Nitidulidae Meligethes aeneus F. Amphimallon solstitialisL. Selective attitude of insects to environmental factors Coleoptera Cetonia aurata L. generates selectivity to habitat, i.e. environmental Chrysochares asiaticusPall. specialization. Insect habitats and stations are a combination Copris hispanus L. of environmental conditions within the range of a species: Coprislunaris L. Scarabaeidae part of a feed plant or a certain type of environment where it Gymnopleurus aciculatus Gebl. Melolontha hippocastaniFab. occurs [2]. Oryctes nasicornis turkestanicusMinck In the entomocenosis and fodder plant, the differentiation of Polyphylla adspersa Motch. ecological niches to a greater extent goes in the direction of Potosia bogdanovi Sols. complementing each other, and
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