Embryology of the Kidney

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Embryology of the Kidney The kidneys are paired organs located retroperitoneally. Their vascular supply comes from the renal arteries, and they drain into the renal veins. Each kidney excretes into a ureter, which will in turn empty into the urinary bladder. Its functional unit is the nephron. During the development of the kidney, there are 3 main structures initially, which derive from intermediate mesoderm. These structures are pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros. ' Pronephros Forms most caudally of all three. It starts to develop during the fourth embryonic week and regresses in the same week. It appears at 7-10 cell groups which constiture a nephrotome. By the time of birth, all signs of the pronephros have dissapeared. Mesonephros The mesonephros begins to develop as the pronephros is regressing (fourth week). It starts as a series of S-shaped tubules which will acquire capillaries to become a glomerulus. The tubules around the glomerulus will form a Bowmann's capsule. Together this will lead to the formation of a renal corpuscle. Laterally, the tubule enters the mesonephric collecting duct (wolffian duct). Metanephros This final urinary organ appears during the fifth week. For the development of this organ, it is important to distinguish between the development of its collecting system and its excretory system. The collecting system develops from the ureteric bud, which in turn is an outgrowth of the mesonephric duct. The bud penetrates the metanephric tissue. The bud then dilates, forming a renal pelvis. The renal pelvis will differentiate into the major calyces, which will do the same for 12 or more generations to become the minor calyces. By the fifth generation, the renal pyramids are formed. The excretory system is formed because a metanephric tissue cap is induced by the collecting tubules to form renal vesicles. From here, the process is very similar to the formation of the metanephros; the vesicles form an s-shaped tubules which is covered in capillaries, giving rise to glomeruli. The tubules and the glomeruli form the nephron. Continues expansion of the tubules will form the convoluted tubules of the kidney and the loop of Henle. Retrieved from "https://www.wikilectures.eu/index.php?title=Embryology_of_the_Kidney&oldid=21085".

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Te2, Part Iii
TERMINOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGICA Second Edition International Embryological Terminology FIPAT The Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology A programme of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) TE2, PART III Contents Caput V: Organogenesis Chapter 5: Organogenesis (continued) Systema respiratorium Respiratory system Systema urinarium Urinary system Systemata genitalia Genital systems Coeloma Coelom Glandulae endocrinae Endocrine glands Systema cardiovasculare Cardiovascular system Systema lymphoideum Lymphoid system Bibliographic Reference Citation: FIPAT. Terminologia Embryologica. 2nd ed. FIPAT.library.dal.ca. Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, February 2017 Published pending approval by the General Assembly at the next Congress of IFAA (2019) Creative Commons License: The publication of Terminologia Embryologica is under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license The individual terms in this terminology are within the public domain. Statements about terms being part of this international standard terminology should use the above bibliographic reference to cite this terminology. The unaltered PDF files of this terminology may be freely copied and distributed by users. IFAA member societies are authorized to publish translations of this terminology. Authors of other works that might be considered derivative should write to the Chair of FIPAT for permission to publish a derivative work. Caput V: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 5: ORGANOGENESIS
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