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MAULANA ABD AL-SALAM Nadvi, and HIS CONTRIBUTION to ISLAMIC STUDIES

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MAULANA ABD AL-SALAM Nadvi, and HIS CONTRIBUTION to ISLAMIC STUDIES MAULANA ABD AL-SALAM NADVi, AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO ISLAMIC STUDIES DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF iHasiter of $I)ilo!eiDpI)p IN ISLAMIC STUDIES By GHAZANFAR AU KHAM Under the Supervision of Dir. MOHD. AZAM QASMI READER DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES AUGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 1996 -^*- Phones 401131 Ext, 221 Int. Telex : 564—230 AMU IN Fax: 0571—400105 PRO Off. DEPARTIVIEWT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH—202002 (INDIA) December |§ ,1996. /CEBlifJjCAIE This is to certify that Mr. Ghazanfar A]i Khan has completed his M.Phil. Dissertation on Lbd al^ Salain Nadvi and his Contribution to tslamic Studies under my supervision, and the work is his own original contribution and suitable for submission for the award of the degree of M.Phil. //I /T^^^C^^A^M (Dr.Mohd. Azam Qasmi) Reader KABTR AHMAD JAISI, MAULANA *^ABD AL-SALAM NADVl CONTENTS Paoe No. Acknowledgement II Introduction IV Chapter - I: Maulana 'Abd al-Salam riadvi; Early 1 life, 'Abd al-Salam as an assistant in Seerat al-Nabi's Project, 'Abd al-Salam in al-Hilal, 'Abd al-Salam and the strike of Nadvah, 'Abd al-Salam in Dar al-Musannefin, death, personality. Chapter - II: 'Abd al-Salam's works on Islamic ... 37 Studies: Uswa-i Sahabah, Vol.1 & II, Uswa-i Sahabiyat, Hukama-i Islam, Vol.1 & II, Imam Razi, Ta"rikh^-i AklilaTq-i Islami, Vol.1, Seerat 'Umar bin 'Abd al-'Aziz, Tarikh al-Haramaiyn al-Sharifaiyn, Al-Qada fi al-Islam, Fuqara-i Islam. Chapter -III: 'Abd al-Salam's translated works on ... 141 Islamic studies: Tarikh-i- Fiqh-i Islami, Inqilab al-Umam> Ibn-Khaldun, Fitrat-i Nisv/ani. Chapter - IV: 'Abd al-Salam's other works; Shi'r 148 al-Hind, Vol.1 & II, Iqbll-i Kamil and Ibn Yamin. Conclusion : 153 Bibliography: 156 Annexure I : The List of Maulana's articles published in al-Nadvah. 159 Annexure II : The List of Maulana's articles published in Ma'arif. 162 TRANSLITERATIONS System of Transliteration of Arabic characters Letters Transliteration a A ^ w w b B 6 "^ H t T c> y Y th TH J J Long vowels h H • kh KH X -'^ A" > d D 9\ = " U > dh Dh C5\ = i I r R / z Z Short vowels s S /L or a or sh. SH s S V = u * i <^ Q ^ = > t T • z Z Dipthcing s 1 • GH ail ^» au f F c>1 ay q Q h,t(Madinah, Madinat & k K al-Salam) 1 h m M n N II ACKNOWLF,l)GEMENT The present study has been completed under the kind supervision of Dr.M. 'Azam Qasmi, Reader, Department of Islamic Studies, I o\\7e a deep sense of gratitude to him for his valuable guidance, revision and corrections which have enabled me to complete this study. Besides providing guidance, he has been a constant source of strength and inspiration to me throughout the study. Without his generous help and whole hearted cooperation, it would have been rather impossible to complete the present work. I am also indebted to Prof. Azd al-Din ghan, Chairman, Department of Islamic Studies, for all his moral and academic encouragements and for providing the necessary facilities. I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Salim Kidwai and Prof. Kabir Ahmad JaTisi, both Ex- Chairmen, Deartment of Isl'amic Studies, Dr. A^isan al-Haq, Lecturer, Department of Islamic Studies and Dr. Sayed Atisan, Reader, Department of Islamic Studies for their encouragement, suggestion, cooperation and all the help they gave to me when I was in-need of it. I am also thankful to my friends and fellow scholars viz. M/S Zubair Shadab Khan, S.M. Arif, Adam Malik Khan, Bilal Ahmad, Aijaz Ahmad, Md. Ekramullah Khan and Mohd. Sadare Alam Kijan. My thanks are also due to Afsah-al Huda and Abdel Qayyum Khan who advised me in correct translation when I felt some difficulty. The cooperation of my parents, brothers and sisters cannot be overlooked as they made it possible for me to devote to my work my full time and concentration. Ill The help and cooperation of the library staff of the Department of Isla'mic Studies especially Mr.Kabir Aljmad Khan also deserves to be thanked and appreciated. There are no words with which T can express my indebted­ ness to the office staff Mr. Zakir Ali Beg, Mr. Salim and M/S MEC TYPEWRITING, Karimi Building, Anoopshahar Road, Aligarh, for typing this manuscript. IV INTRODUCTION The present study is a brief survey and evaluation of the works of 'Abd al-Salam Nadvi on Islamic studies. He v;as one of the desciples of 'Alla'mah SJ^ibli, who had predicted about him that one day he would occupy the chair of Professor of Nadvah. The prediction came true and the esteemed personality of Maul"ana 'Abd al-Sal'am remained in the chair for fifty years and served the academic world. With a high degree of dedication he and his friend Maulafna" Sayyed Sulaim"an Nadvi carried forward the task of completing the work of 'Allamah Shibli. Infact all this stands witness to his own literary ability in the compila­ tion which gave a new dimension to the work. The first chapter of this study is ••"lated to a brief sketch of his life. There is hardly any account available regarding his early life, his family and its conditions. So in this chapter I have taken help from the writing of different authors who lived and worked in close association with 'Abd al-Sal'am. In the second chapter there is a brief survey and summary of the books of 'Abd al-Salam which are related to Islamic studies. Though Islamic studies is a wide ranging subject the Maulana" has written on almost all the aspects of this subject in the form of books and articles. I have tried to briefly describe the different facts of his major works. The third chapter includes those books of the Maulana which are mainly the translation work from the Arabic and Persian literature. Through his translation Urdu literature became richer in more than one way. On V the one hand, this enriched the Isl"amic literature in Urdu language. While on the other hand, this provided nourish­ ment to the Urdu language. All of his translation works have been selected from the Arabic literature with the exception of Ibn Yamin which is the translation of a Persian book. He was wel-versed in Arabic and Persian languages and therefore he almost transmitted the original spirit of the works in Urdu translations. The fourth chapter introduces briefly those books of the Maula'n'a which are not directly related to Isla'mic studies. This was considered necessary as a part of this study so that the readers in English may be made aware of the vast literary ability and the full scope of his contribution. CHAPTER - I M^ULftNA 'ABD AL-SALAM NADVI Early Life : The family in which 'Abd al-Sal'am was born was a middle zamindari house hold, where success was measured only in terms of extravaganza. The educational background of the family of the Maul'in'a was not that sound and so the events of his early life are not authentically known. The ancestors of the Maulana were the Rajput clients, though it cannot be said clearly that when and where they embraced Isl'am. From the family tradition this family belonged to Koi*lari village in Azamgarh district and later shifted to the village Ibr'ahimpur. Those days Ibrahimpur was under the Rajput dominance, so it was not very easy to servive for this new-Muslim family. Therefore a young man of this newly converted family left the village in search of a safe and new place saying good bye to his family. Thus the young man settled in a muslim village known as Ala'al-Din Patti. Maulana 'Abd al-Salam Nadvi was the scion of this family. Dr.Shabab al-Din has given his ancestory like this . Muhammad Siddiq • I 1 Muhammd Yusuf 'I - T Muhammad Ibrahim ' I Muhammad Nasir al-Din ' I Ahmad 1. Dr.Shabab al-Din, "Maulana ^bq al-salam Nadvi; jjayjjt Auj: jCarnajne, Unpublished thesis, Deptr'"of Urdu, "AMIT, Xl igalrli",' 1988, p. 3 Abu Turab r- • _ I Al-Hai Bakhsh Shailih Badhu Din Mnhammad Muhammad Hanif •^Abd al-Latif I • . - Mnhammad Sulaiman I Abd al-Salam Abu al-Ahrar Tahi. r AkhlaJ q Ahmad The young man soon carved out a place for himself in the new village through his confidence and labour. He started earning his livelihood and bought a piece of land for farming and also married. In those days Azamgarh and its nearly villages were the centre of the trade of indigo and sugar. So this family also took part in this trade. In later generations this trade brought greater prosperity and many other good qualities. The family rose to the status of chaudhry which was a position of dignity in the village. Hayat-Allah a descendant of this family was the maternal grand father of Maulan'a 'Abd al-Salam. He was very simple and pious man. Inayat-Allah and Hedayat- Allah were his maternal uncle. His maternal ancestry belonged to the village Jairajpur, Azamgarh. They were also from the new Muslim p=gput family . He was born on Friday 16th February 1883 AD/1300 AH in the village Ala' al-Din Patti district Azamgarh . His 1. Ibid. p.4 2.
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