NHB College 2012 Round 10 Tossups 1. One publication which advocated for this movement was For the Right. This movement was also promoted in a journal called The Independent which was edited by Washington Gladden. A major source for the history of this movement was the autobiography of Shailer Matthews, titled New Faith for Old, and other adherents of this movement included Richard Ely and Charles Sheldon. After a 1908 conference, this movement launched the (*) Men and Religion Forward campaign. Strongly critiqued by Paul Tillich and Reinhold Niebuhr, this movement was promoted in works like Christianity and the Social Crisis by Walter Rauschenbusch. For 10 points, identify this late 19th and early 20th century movement which sought to apply Christian ethics to contemporary problems. ANSWER: Social Gospel 043-12-54-10102 2. The land for these institutions was bought with money raised through the Blue Box coin donation campaign. Security for them was provided by the Watchman’s Guild. The Nahal program sought to establish them in strategically important areas. The umbrella group Artzi proclaimed that these places were “monasteries without God.” The first one was founded by Joseph Baratz at (*) Deganya in 1909, and they now represent about two percent of the country’s population and nearly ten percent of its agricultural and industrial output. Many of these institutions now operate five-month-long classes for immigrants and give a greater role to private family life. For 10 points, name these institutions, which are voluntary, collectively worked farming and factory communities in the Israeli countryside. ANSWER: kibbutzes [or kibbutzim; or kevuzot] 019-12-54-10103 3. This man never completed a collaboration with Willy Schaeffler in Mineral King, California. His company was targeted by a 1941 strike led by Herbert Sorrell. He designed the WEDway PeopleMover for a utopian venture, and Ward Kimball and Ollie Johnston were two of the “Nine Old Men” who worked for him. He commissioned Robert Moses to design the “Great Moments with Mr. (*) Lincoln” for the 1964 World's Fair, which was later used in his Hall of Presidents. His company promoted the Good Neighbor policy with Saludos Amigos. For 10 points, name this man whose namesake studio made The Fox and the Hound, Fantasia and Bambi. ANSWER: Walter Elias “Walt” Disney 094-12-54-10104 4. This document notes that "indirect taxes weigh heavily upon the people" and calls for a single progressive income tax. It notes that one group is "confining its activity within national bounds" but recognizes the "international character" of its aims. Perhaps the most controversial section of this document asserts that it pursues its goals “by every lawful means.” One person found this document overly influenced by Ferdinand Lassalle and recommended that the Eisenachers reject it, in a (*) letter that outlined the "dictatorship of the proletariat" and coined the phrase "from each according to his ability, to each according to his need." For 10 points, name this 1875 political manifesto, which was replaced in 1891 by the Erfurt program and was “critiqued” by Karl Marx. ANSWER: the Gotha Program [or the 1875 platform of the SPD; or the 1875 platform of the German Social Democratic Party] 019-12-54-10105

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 1 of 13 5. One work by this artist shows an open book in front of a man who grasps a lute with his left hand. The subject of one of his three-quarters portraits rests his fingers on a book that describes his “Herculean labors”. He borrowed from Leonardo’s Last Supper in his Venus and Amor. A vase appears in front of his portrait of George Giesze, and he painted the (*) Darmstadt Madonna. In one work, a globe rests next to the arm of Jean de Dinteville, who stands on one of this man's namesake carpets near an anamorphic skull. For 10 points, name this artist who made portraits of Erasmus and Thomas More and The French Ambassadors. ANSWER: Hans Holbein the Younger 094-12-54-10106 6. A full account of this period is given by Cassius Dio in Books 47 through 50 of his histories. The beginning of the this period was formally instituted by the Lex Titia, and this period saw a defensive war against Pacorus and Labienus, who had secured aid from the Parthian king Orodes. During this period, one leader found himself isolated against Domitius Ahenobarbus and the latter’s ally, and was thus forced to sign the Treaty of (*) Brundisium. This period saw one of its namesakes defeat Brutus at Philippi and ended with that same namesake’s defeat at the hands of Agrippa in the battle of Actium. For 10 points, identify this period of Roman history that followed the republic and preceded the empire, during which Rome was formally ruled by Mark Antony, Octavian, and Marcus Lepidus. ANSWER: triumviral period [accept Second Triumvirate] 043-12-54-10107 7. A leader of one side in this controversy compared his cause to “a river flowing peacefully to the sea” while the opposing side was “a torrent rushing violently over a precipice.” One participant in this controversy was Harold Brown, who performed a stage show in which dogs and horses died, and who killed William Kemmler at Auburn, New York in 1890. One of the last casualties of this controversy was the elephant (*) Topsy. This controversy began to settle after the Chicago World’s Fair, as the Hall of Machinery was activated by President Cleveland to light the fair using Westinghouse Corporation materials. For 10 points, identify this rivalry between the two proposed systems for distributing electric power over a distance, which was won by the “alternating” form of electricity. ANSWER: the War of the Currents [or the Edison-Tesla rivalry; or the Edison-Westinghouse rivalry before “Westinghouse” is read; or the AC-DC rivalry; or the alternating-direct current rivalry; or other equivalents] 019-12-54-10108 8. Chinese babies are traditionally named during a ceremony named for this type of egg. Ruins from the Dong Son culture have been found in the valley of a river of this name in Vietnam. This is the first word in the name of a group that allied with the Green Foresters to sack Chang’an in 23 CE during Wang Mang’s rule. Zhang Yimou directed a film about this type of (*) Sorghum. Zhu Yuanzhang led a group named for this color that overthrew the Mongols and established the Ming dynasty. For 10 points, give this color that names a rebellion of “Eyebrows” and “Turbans” in Chinese History, also the color associated with its Communist Party. ANSWER: Red 094-12-54-10109

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 2 of 13 9. The singer of one of this band’s songs says, “I want to go down in celluloid history” on the song “Frankly, Mr. Shankly”. The title track of their second album declares, “Kitchen aromas aren’t very homely / It’s not ‘comforting’, cheery or kind.” This group recorded (*) “Bigmouth Strikes Again”. Another of their songs states, “and if a double-decker bus / crashes into us / to die by your side / is such a heavenly way to die”. This band behind “There Is a Light That Never Goes Out” recorded the hits, “Heaven Knows I’m Miserable Now” and “How Soon Is Now”. For 10 points, name this British alt-rock group founded by Johnny Marr and Morrissey. ANSWER: The Smiths 094-12-54-10110 10. One writer identifies this man’s most important opinion as a defense of the right to picket on private property in the Amalgamated Food Employees case. In other opinions, this man advocated a “sliding scale” view of the Fourteenth Amendment and criticized the notion that the Constitution is a “barrier” to remedying past wrongs. Earlier, he argued for the winning side of the Supreme Court cases (*) Smith v. Allwright and Sweatt v. Painter. On another case, he was the lead attorney alongside William Coleman, Harold Boulware, and Spottswood Robinson. For 10 points, name this lawyer who successfully argued for the end of the “separate but equal” doctrine in Brown v. Board before he was appointed by Lyndon Johnson as the first black Supreme Court Justice. ANSWER: Thurgood Marshall [or Thoroughgood Marshall] 019-12-54-10111 11. The lone dissenting opinion in this case relied partially on a reading of Kidd v. Pearson to establish that contracts to purchase goods for transportation were included under the rubric of interstate commerce. The majority opinion in this case opened by citing Edward Coke’s pamphlet “Against (*) Monopolists, Propounders, and Projectors;” that opinion was delivered by Melvin Fuller, who argued that the substance in question was probably only intended to be sold in Philadelphia and was thus not interstate commerce. For 10 points, identify this Supreme Court case which held that the Sherman Anti-Trust Act did not apply to manufacturing, brought by the namesake sugar corporation. ANSWER: E.C. Knight v. U.S. 043-12-54-10112 12. One ruler of this city fortified its Epipolae Plateau and lost the battle of Cronium. A notable defense of this city was aided by Gylippus. This city saw a radical democracy installed at the instigation of Diocles, who exiled the more moderate Hermocrates. Originally governed by an elite class called the "gamoroi," this city was briefly ruled by Hippocrates of (*) Gela, and it became the center of a modest empire after its ruler Agathocles overthrew Corinth's Timoleon. Plato and the minister Dion both tried to turn a ruler of this city into a “philosopher-king,” and this city was reinforced by Sparta against an Athenian siege. Ruled in succession by two tyrants named Dionysus, for 10 points, identify this Greek city on Sicily. ANSWER: Syracuse 043-12-54-10113

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 3 of 13 13. Military exploits of this dynasty are recorded in the rust-free Iron Pillar of Mehrauli. A member of this dynasty came to power after disguising himself as the maiden Dhruvadevi in order to gain access to a satrap of the Shakas and kill a king who was competing with him for a bride. After defeating Vishnugopa of the Kanchipuram kingdom, this dynasty established a policy of allowing (*) southern rivals to buy back their thrones as tributaries. A ruler of this house married Kumaradevi in order to join the lineage of the Licchavis. Decimal numbers and the classical period of Sanskrit literature arose during, for 10 points, what Indian empire that started in the fourth century CE and included Samudra and Chandra among its rulers? ANSWER: Gupta dynasty 019-12-54-10114 14. This man came to power by promising an overhaul of the Goods and Services Tax in the "Red Book" platform. During an assassination attempt on this man, he brandished a sharp-edged stone sculpture of a loon to defend himself. During his time in office, millions of dollars of public money were used to promote his party in the Sponsorship Scandal. This man once threw protestor Bill Clennett to the ground in the (*) "Shawinigan Handshake" incident. Attack ads against him that asked "Is this a Prime Minister?" backfired when they appeared to make fun of his Bell’s palsy. His landslide victory destroyed Kim Campbell’s Progressive Conservative Party. For 10 points, name this Quebecker who served over ten years, ending in 2004, as the Prime Minister of Canada. ANSWER: Joseph Jacques Jean Chretien 019-12-54-10115 15. This Pope’s writings included the contemporary bestseller Moralia on Job. After the death of the emperor Maurice, he allied with the usurper Phocas to suppress the schismatics aligned with Severus. This Pope was noted for his correspondence with prominent women, such as the Frankish queen Brunhilde, whom he enlisted in his attempts to abolish simony. His tenure was plagued by a controversy over the Nestorian writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret of Cyrrhus, and Ibas of Edessa, the (*) Three Chapters controversy. This Pope negotiated a truce with the Lombards and dispatched Augustine of Canterbury to Christianize Kent. The successor to Pelagius II, for 10 points, identify this fourth and final of the Latin “Fathers of the Church,” pope from 590 to 604 CE. ANSWER: Gregory the Great or Saint Gregory or Gregory I [prompt on Gregory] 043-12-54-10116 16. On January 1, 1969, this non-American city was the start-point of a 73-mile long civil rights march, and in August of the same year, it saw widespread rioting and the conviction of Bernadette Devlin. William Whitelaw initiated a military intervention called Operation Motorman in response to violence in this city. A major politician in this city was the founder of the Martyrs Memorial Free (*) Presbyterian Church, Ian Paisley, whose Democratic Unionist party brought him to power. This city was also the location of the signing of an April 10, 1998 agreement which established joint rule of the country where this city is the capital. The namesake alternate name of of the Good Friday Accords, for 10 points, identify this capital of Northern Ireland. ANSWER: Belfast 043-12-54-10117

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 4 of 13 17. A leader of the “Blues” faction in this country was assassinated in Moca in 1899. In 1916, William Capterton tried to depose its anti-U.S. leader, Desiderio Arias. Donald Reid Cabral briefly led its Triumvirate, but was ousted by supporters of the LBJ-backed Juan Bosch. Spain was invited to retake control of this nation by Pedro Santana. This modern day country is home to the Cathedral of Santa María la Menor, the (*) first cathedral built in the New World. Its independence was secured by the La Trinitaria society and Juan Pablo Duarte. Once ruled by Rafael Trujillo, for 10 points, name this country that shares an island with Haiti. ANSWER: The Dominican Republic [or República Dominicana] 094-12-54-10118 18. In a Shakespeareanly-titled section, this work claims that “puritanism has proved an Indian giver,” by making work out of holidays. Another section of this work examines the conservative nature of craftsmanship hobbies, and another contrasts the moralizers with the inside-dopesters. This work argues that sex remains the “final frontier,” hidden from public view, and analyzes the importance of peer groups in character formation. This work presents one type of person as an (*) “acquisitive consumer,” while for another type of person, “the frontiers... are people.” Charting the transition from inner-directed to outer-directed individuals, for 10 points, identify this “study of the changing American character,” authored by Reul Denny, Nathan Glazer, and David Reisman. ANSWER: The Lonely Crowd 043-12-54-10119 19. In the early 20th century, this country was home to the Jangal Movement and the Constitutional Revolution. Most of this country’s navy was destroyed during the “tanker war” and it had earlier signed the Algiers Accords with the United States. Members of the (*) Tudeh communist party in this country were frequently arrested by its SAVAK secret police force. This nation is home to the powerful twelve-member Guardian Council. In 1963, women were given more rights in this country during the White Revolution. In the ‘50s, Mohammad Mossadeq tried to nationalize its oil industry. For 10 points, name this country once ruled by Ayatollah Khomeini. ANSWER: Iran 094-12-54-10120 20. This man reacted to the death of shopkeeper Levi Jones by making a thirty-mile overnight trip to Clinton and Mount Vernon in order to summon help for Mansfield. This man, who entertained children by sticking needles and hot coals into his feet, often accepted a written "fipenny-bit" or old clothing as payment after appearing dressed in a coffee sack with a cooking pot on his head. This preacher for the Church of the (*) New Jerusalem expounded the teachings of Emmanuel Swedenborg to the Midwest, where he sowed tracts of forest with medicinal herbs such as pennyroyal and rattlesnake root. He also anticipated the large market for a product that could be easily distilled into liquor. For 10 points, name this man who travelled throughout the American frontier planting fruit trees. ANSWER: Johnny Appleseed [or John Chapman] 019-12-54-10121

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 5 of 13 21. An early engagement in this war saw General Dupont forced to surrender his entire army. The Central Junta government ordered all able-bodied men to join the Land Corsairs during this conflict. During this subphase of a larger conflict, George Scovell led the effort to break the Great Cipher. Prior to the outbreak of this war, the palace of Prime Minister (*) Godoy was sacked by an angry mob. This war’s decisive battle took place at Vitoria, and it saw British forces defend the Lines of Torres Vedras. It was sparked by the revolt of the 2nd of May, 1808. For 10 points, name this theatre in the Napoleonic Wars that saw much fighting in Spain. ANSWER: Peninsular War [accept The Spanish Ulcer or the War in Spain and Portugal or the Spanish War of Independence before the last word in the question; prompt on “The Napoleonic Wars” until mentioned] 094-12-54-10122

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 6 of 13 NHB College 2012 Round 10 Bonuses 1. C. Everett Koop mailed a brochure to every US household detailing how to prevent the spread of this disease. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this sexually transmitted disease whose high-profile sufferers have included Arthur Ashe and Magic Johnson. ANSWER: AIDS [or HIV or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Human Immunodeficiency Virus] [10] Peter Duesberg, who disputes that AIDS comes from HIV, has helped shape the policies of this African leader. This man's successor, Jacob Zuma, supposedly raped an AIDS activist in 2005. ANSWER: Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki [10] Two ACT UP protestors once accosted this man for covering the Gulf War rather than AIDS. This man sued his employer after being fired for reporting on the Killian documents in 2004. ANSWER: Daniel Irvin “Dan” Rather, Jr. 094-12-54-10201 2. This polity was accidentally recognized by El Salvador when the lone diplomat left in the embassy over Christmas mistakenly replied to a holiday greeting. For 10 points each: [10] Name this erstwhile state, which the Lytton Report noted was the source of the majority of the world’s illegal drugs in the 1930s. ANSWER: Manchukuo [do not accept or prompt on “Manchuria”] [10] Japan's attempt to use Manchukuo as a staging area for incursions into Mongolia and the USSR was ended by this summer 1939 battle, which was a victory for Zhukov over a Japanese force led by Masaomi Yasuoka. ANSWER: Battle of Khalkin Ghol [or the Nomonhan Incident] [10] This U.S. Secretary of State refused to recognize Japan's acquisition of Manchuria by force, a policy that became known as his namesake "doctrine." ANSWER: Henry Stimson 019-12-54-10202 3. In 2004, a large population of these endangered animals was wiped out by the Ebola virus. For 10 points each: [10] Identify these animals whose mountain variety were studied by Dian Fossey, one of Leakey’s Angels along with Jane Goodall. ANSWER: Gorillas [or Gorilla gorilla; prompt on “apes” or “great apes” or “primates”; do not accept “monkeys”] [10] One of the largest remaining elephant and gorilla sanctuaries is Odzala-Kokoua National Park in this country. The zoo in its capital was raided for meat during a conflict involving president Denis Sassou Nguesso. ANSWER: Republic of the Congo [or Congo-Brazzaville; prompt on just “Congo”] [10] A 2007 declaration issued in this city affirmed widespread commitment to protecting great apes. A railroad connects this city to the port city of Matadi, and it was founded by Henry Morton Stanley. ANSWER: Kinshasa 094-12-54-10203

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 7 of 13 4. This legislation prompted the organization of a “free-state” party in one of its namesake areas, which soon became a battleground between Jayhawkers and pro-slavery forces from Missouri. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this legislation proposed by Stephen Douglas which organized two namesake territories in the west and repealed the Missouri Compromise. ANSWER: Kansas-Nebraska Act [10] The repeal of the Missouri compromise was, appropriately enough, a condition of support for the Kansas-Nebraska Act from this man, a Missouri senator who faced an upcoming election challenge from Thomas Hart Benton, whom he hoped to place in a bind by forcing Benton to vote on the act. ANSWER: David Rice Atchison [10] “Bleeding Kansas” was in full force once pro-slavery forces burned this so-called “hotbed of abolitionism” to the ground. Three days later, John Brown led the party that committed the Pottawatomie massacre. ANSWER: Lawrence, Kansas 043-12-54-10204 5. This war included the Battle of Gully Hole Creek, and one of its theaters erupted because of a refusal to abide by the Convention of Pardo. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this war which took place on three continents, and whose North American phase involved an attack on St. Simons Island. ANSWER: the War of Jenkins’s Ear [10] At this battle on St. Simons Island, which took place later on the same da as Gully Hole Creek. the Spanish failed in an attempt to overrun Fort Frederica. It was the key American mainland battle of the War of Jenkins's Ear. ANSWER: Battle of Bloody Marsh [10] This prison reformer and commander of the British-American forces at the Battle of Bloody Marsh had previously founded the colony of Georgia as a debtors’ haven. ANSWER: James Edward Oglethorpe 019-12-54-10205 6. This play opens with a group of men hired by Count Charles Di Nolli impersonating the participants of the debate at Canossa. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this play whose title figure is a man who has struck his head upon falling from a horse and become convinced that he is the title Holy Roman Emperor. ANSWER: Henry IV [or Enrico IV] [10] Henry IV is a play by this Italian playwright of Six Characters In Search of an Author. ANSWER: Luigi Pirandello [10] This historical novel by Pirandello is set in Sicily following the Garibaldi uprising of 1860 and concern the political machinations of men like Flaminio Salvo, Gerlando Laurentano, and Capolino. ANSWER: The Old and the Young [or I Vecchi e i Giovani] 043-12-54-10206

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 8 of 13 7. One example of this type of organization formed in France in 1934 from the alliance of the Socialists and Communists. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this type of alliance of working class anti-fascist parties common in pre-World War II Europe. ANSWER: popular front [10] The French Popular front formed a government in 1936 in which this Socialist served as the French premier. He was the first Jew to do so. ANSWER: Leon Blum [10] The Socialist Party which Blum joined had been founded in 1905 from a disparate coalition of splinter groups by this cofounder of the newspaper L’Humanite, who in 1914 was assassinated for his pacifism. ANSWER: Auguste-Marie-Joseph-Jean Jaures 043-12-54-10207 8. This action began as a protest against the shutdown of 20 unprofitable sites, as directed by Ian MacGregor. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this event that lasted almost a year but failed to receive sufficient help from the Trades Union Congress, and ended with many of the participants returning to work without winning any concessions. ANSWER: the 1984-85 coal miners’ strike in the United Kingdom [10] The strike was effectively broken by this Conservative PM’s refusal to grant the miners any concessions. She compared the strike to the Falklands War, alleging that “the enemy within [was] more dangerous to liberty.” ANSWER: Margaret Thatcher [10] This man was the leader of the National Union of Mineworkers during the strike. He currently leads the Socialist Labour Party of the U.K. ANSWER: Arthur Scargill 043-12-54-10208 9. This action was undertaken by about 40,000 men under the command of Aulus Plautius. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this expedition during which the advancing imperial armies were opposed by the Catuvellauni under their chief Caratacus. ANSWER: Roman invasion of Britain [accept reasonable equivalents that make it clear that the Roman empire is invading the British Isles] [10] The invasion had been ordered by this emperor, who was known as a competent administrator. Poisoned by Agrippina, this man succeeded his nephew Caligula in 41 C.E. ANSWER: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus [10] The conquest of Britain was completed by this Roman general, who conquered most of Wales and defeated the Caledonians at the battle of Mons Grapius in 83 C.E., securing Scotland for the empire. ANSWER: Gnaeus Julius Agricola 043-12-54-10209

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 9 of 13 10. This man served as a scout for the U.S. 5th Cavalry, although his Medal of Honor was revoked in 1916 because he was never officially enlisted in the army. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this man born William Frederick Cody who organized a Wild West show featuring Annie Oakley. ANSWER: Buffalo Bill [10] Buffalo Bill claimed to have scalped a warrior of this Native American tribe named Yellow Hair at the Battle of Warbonnet Creek. The Sutaio are one branch of this tribe. ANSWER: Cheyenne [10] Early in his career, Buffalo Bill supposedly was a member of this organization. Co-founded by William H. Russell, its eastern headquarters was Patee House in St. Joseph, Missouri. ANSWER: Pony Express 094-12-54-10210 11. This composer rose to prominence despite his devout Catholicism, which was reflected in his liturgical Gradualia. For 10 points each: [10] Name this composer of the Cantiones Sacrae, whose work with the viol consort also marked the development of the fantasia. ANSWER: William Byrd [10] Byrd appears alongside John Bull, Peter Philips, and Giles Farnaby in the Fitzwilliam Book, a collection of pieces for this late Renaissance instrument in which wooden shafts plucked strings that ran parallel to the keyboard within a usually legless case. ANSWER: virginal [10] The virginal was succeeded as the most popular keyboard instrument by this one, which was the instrument for which about 542 of Domenico Scarlatti's sonatas and all of Bach’s Brandenburg concertos were composed. ANSWER: harpsichord 019-12-54-10211 12. A government named for this river forbade its subjects from making pilgrimages in Wurttemberg and Bavaria. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this river, which lends its name to a Confederation established by Napoleon following the Battle of Austerlitz. ANSWER: Rhine River [10] In this 1805 treaty that paved the way for the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis II of Austria was forced to pay 40 million gold francs to France. Austria did gain Salzburg in this treaty, though. ANSWER: Treaty of Pressburg [or Peace of Pressburg] [10] The Treaty of Pressburg made this German state a grand duchy and extended its territory to Lake Constance. Charles Frederick was a liberal ruler of this region and Durlach in the 18th century. ANSWER: Baden 094-12-54-10212

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 10 of 13 13. In 2010 New York became the last state to pass a law allowing this to happen. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this legal action which first became available in 1970 with the passage of a certain state’s Family Law Act. ANSWER: no fault divorce [prompt on partial answers] [10] This was the state whose aforementioned law made no fault divorce available. The law was signed by the state’s governor, Ronald Reagan. ANSWER: California [10] In 1942, divorce became somewhat easier when the Supreme Court ruled in this case that a divorce issued in Nevada had to be recognized in an eastern state in accord with the Full Faith and Credit clause. ANSWER: Williams v. North Carolina 043-12-54-10213 14. Answer the following about brief Hungarian governments, for 10 points each. [10] In this year, Imre Nagy (NAJ) was elevated to leadership of Hungary by a revolution against Soviet control, which was reversed by a Soviet invasion. ANSWER: 1956 [10] This founder of Hungary’s Communist Party established the first Soviet state outside of Russia in Hungary for a few months in 1919, only to fall to the conservative forces of Miklos Horthy after deciding to invade Romania for some reason. ANSWER: Bela Kun [10] When Horthy decided to end Hungary's alliance with Germany in October 1944, this extreme Fascist party overthrew the government, deported Jews to Nazi camps, and put power in the hands of dictator Ferenc Szalasi. ANSWER: Arrow Cross Party [or Nyilaskeresztes Párt-Hungarista Mozgalom] 019-12-54-10214 15. The final king of this dynasty worked to restore the depictions of Amon that had been damaged during the Aton craze. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this dynasty that also included rulers like Thutmose III. ANSWER: 18th Dynasty of Egypt [or Dynasty XVIII; prompt on “Thutmosid Dynasty”] [10] This 18th Dynasty pharaoh had his in-tact tomb discovered by George Herbert and Howard Carter in 1922. ANSWER: Tutankhamun [or King Tut or Tutankhaten or Tutenkhamen or Tutenkhamon] [10] The 18th Dynasty was founded by this monarch, who successfully expelled the Hyksos from the country. He also reestablished Egyptian control over Nubia. ANSWER: Ahmose I [or Amosis I or Amenes I or Aahmes I or Neb-Pehty-Re] 094-12-54-10215 16. This term was coined by a man who purchased a Paul Klee sketch for thirty dollars. For 10 points each: [10] Name this figure, who is described by that man as "staring, his mouth is open, his wings are spread, his face is turned toward the past," where "he sees one single catastrophe that keeps piling ruin upon ruin." ANSWER: the angel of history [or Angelus Novus] [10] This author described the “angel of history” in his Theses on the Philosophy of History. This author killed himself before being given to the Gestapo in 1940, leaving unfinished his social history of nineteenth-century Paris that focused on “arcades.” ANSWER: Walter Benjamin [10] Benjamin was a member of the “school” named for this German city, the site of an 1848 parliament that attempted to engineer the union of Germany as a liberal constitutional monarchy. ANSWER: Frankfurt 019-12-54-10216

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 11 of 13 17. It occurred in the wake of a disastrous attempt to counter Vidkun Quisling's rise to power, whose only success was enabled King Haakon VII to escape. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this raucous May 1940 debate in the House of Commons, which included Roger Keynes’s “I speak for the fighting Navy” speech and resulted in the end of the government due to a slim victory in a no-confidence motion. ANSWER: the Norway debate [or Narvik debate] [10] The Norway debate was the end of the line for this Tory Prime Minister, who resigned in favor of a coalition government led by Winston Churchill two years after declaring “peace in our time.” ANSWER: Neville Chamberlain [10] Perhaps the most memorable line of the Norway debate was delivered by Leo Amery, who, quoting Oliver Cromwell, denounced Chamberlain in a monologue ending "You have sat too long here for any good you have been doing. Depart, I say, and let us have done with you,” then this six-word command. ANSWER: “In the name of God, go!” 019-12-54-10217 18. This case stemmed from a shareholder suit, and saw an initial split of four to four, before David Brewer changed his mind on rehearing the case. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this case which held that the income tax was unconstitutional. ANSWER: Pollock v. Farmer’s Loan and Trust [accept either name] [10] The Pollock case resulted in the eventual passage and ratification of this law, which according to chief proponent Nebraska Senator Norris Brown “cannot be interpreted in two ways.” It legalized the income tax. ANSWER: 16th Amendment [10] The income tax provision that was struck down in Pollock had belonged to this piece of legislation. ANSWER: Wilson-Gorman Tariff 043-12-54-10218 19. This amendment was championed by groups like NOW and was first proposed in 1923. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this un-ratified amendment that called for gender equality. ANSWER: Equal Rights Amendment [or ERA] [10] This woman was one of the leading opponents of the ERA, claiming that it would result in conscription of women in her namesake monthly newsletter. She also wrote A Choice Not an Echo. ANSWER: Phyllis Schlafly [or Phyllis Stewart] [10] Martha Griffins, a representative from this state, sponsored the ERA and helped get a sex-based anti-discrimination clause into the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Other politicians from this state included Spencer Abraham and Donald Riegle. ANSWER: Michigan 094-12-54-10219

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 12 of 13 20. This bill’s namesake was one of the founders of Clemson University. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this 1907 act that prohibited national banks and corporations from donating directly to political campaigns. ANSWER: Tillman Act [10] This more recent Supreme Court case centered on the film Hillary: The Movie and eased restrictions on corporate donations to campaigns. ANSWER: Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission [10] Some provisions of the McCain-Feingold Act had previously been struck down in a 2007 case involving a Right to Life group from this state. It elected Tea Party candidate Ron Johnson in 2010. ANSWER: Wisconsin 094-12-54-10220 21. In the Vindiciae contra Tyrannos, the pseudonymous Etiene Junius Brutus claimed that this action instantiated a two-fold covenant. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this event during which the main participant would be presented with the sword “La Joyeuse” and the crown of Charlemagne. ANSWER: coronation of the king of France [accept anything that mentions the king of France assuming the throne] [10] The coronation of 25 French kings took place in this structure, modeled on Chartres Cathedral. ANSWER: Cathedral of Notre Dame of Reims [10] This man was the last king to be crowned at Reims; he only ruled for six years with the help of the vastly unpopular Jules de Polignac, before being deposed in the July Revolution. ANSWER: Charles X [or Charles-philippe, Comte D’artois] 043-12-54-10221

NHB College 2012 Round 10 Page 13 of 13

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