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An Oral History Edward Washburn An Oral History Edward Washburn Assistant Managing Director 1960 Olympic Winter Games Organizing Committee © 2020 LA84 Foundation All Rights Reserved This oral history may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or converted to any electronic or machine-readable form without prior written consent of the LA84 Foundation www.LA84.org LA84 Foundation 2141 W. Adams Blvd. An Oral History Edward Washburn EDWARD WASHBURN Margaret Costa: Today is Sunday June the 26th, 1994. This is Dr. Margaret Costa, interviewing Ed Washburn who was ... Edward Washburn: I was one of four managing assistant directors under the managing director, Mr. H.D. Thoreau. My responsibilities were everything that nobody else had. They turned out to be myriad and diverse, to say the least. Max Dunn was an assistant managing director in charge of all skiing and skating events. This included supervision of the building of the ice rink, the outdoor skating rink, laying out all of the courses, getting the judges, doing all that. That occupied Max pretty fully. He couldn't do much of anything else. Bob Ewen was the personnel manager. He had change of all the hiring, firing, paying and all the rest of all the personnel on the staff, which proved to be a number of hundreds -- I don't remember how many, but there were many -- and also, seeing that the facilities were appropriate and the rest of it, in Squaw Valley. So that took care of Mr. Ewen. Al Ewen his name was [ed. note: The official report lists Robert Search as personnel director and Al Ewen as assistant general manager]. Then Bob Minerich supervised the building, furnishing and operation of Olympic Village, which was basically a hotel for 1,100 athletes. And that took up most of his time. So, anything else that came down the pike was dumped off on poor old Ed Washburn, whether it be ticket sales, or reception of athletes or insurance, or any one of a variety of things. So, I just sort of operated pretty much at the beck and call of Mr. Thoreau and the president of the organizing committee, Prentis Hale, as to what was necessary next. It was all over the place really. Costa: Tell me about your background prior to the 1960 Games in Squaw Valley. Washburn: Well, I went to Yale undergraduate and to Boalt Hall at Berkeley at law school. Stepped out of law school, took the bar examinations in the summer of 1941 and since I was unmarried, healthy, I stepped right into the arms of Uncle Sam and spent four and a half years in the service. After I got out of the service, I practiced in Los Angeles for a while and took some time off. I was married, divorced. My second wife, who I got married to, we took some time off and went to Europe for quite a while. I came back from Europe. We decided we wanted to move here. She came from Santa Monica. I came from Pasadena, wanted to live in San Francisco. And I had a lot of good friends here, lawyers. Costa: Did you and Mr. Thoreau know each other in Pasadena? Washburn: No, not really. No, we hadn't. But, one of my best friends was a lawyer named Bill Orrick, who is now a Federal District judge here and is the son of the founder of a very old law firm, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe, here in San Francisco. So, I went to Bill and I said, "I am moving to San Francisco. I want you to get me a job in a law firm." And he said, "Well, that won't be any problem, I don't think. But, first of all, you've got to do me a favor." And I 1 © 2020 LA84 Foundation All Rights Reserved An Oral History Edward Washburn said, "What?" He said, "Well, you know, I am the attorney for the Organizing Committee in Squaw Valley for the Olympics." This was in the summer of '59. So, the Olympics weren't all that far off and these other fellows were all on board. So, Bill said, "I want you to go on the Olympics." I said, "Look, I know the problems they are having. I don't want any part of it." He said, "I thought you wanted me to get a job for you?" I said, "Oh, OK." So, I described a … I said, "I'd like to have a middle-level job. I'd like to go up to Squaw Valley immediately, get some trout fishing in this fall, maybe do a little skiing and then have a very nice, kind of a, you know, not-responsible job that would keep me up there." And he said, "Well, we'll see what we can do." So, they found a job for me as housing coordinator. Now the housing coordinator was supposed to go around and find out what kind of public housing was available. There wasn't any, of course. I circulated the territory that I was supposed to cover all the way down to Auburn, Colfax, all around, and tried to jawbone the hotel people and the motel people, into not jacking up their rates sky high during the Games. So, that was the job. The day before we were to leave for Squaw Valley, Prentis had a huge fight. Prentis Hale, who was the president of the organizing committee, had a huge fight with the executive director, a fellow by the name of King. Fired him on the spot. Told him to get out and take his cronies with him. And, overnight, H.D. became the managing director. So, there was a vacuum in which I was standing in front of. I was sucked up. Instead of this nice little housing coordinator, I agreed to be the assistant managing director. That's how it happened. But, my background was all lawyer. I had practiced law up to the time before the Games. Costa: Now tell me about what happened from then on. Washburn: Well, I think, you know, one of the things that was interesting, if you haven't covered it, is why were the Games there assigned to Squaw Valley. This has to do with what we were mentioning earlier. Well, not really, but Mr. William May Garland, who was instrumental in the '32 Olympics, in getting the '32 Olympics to Los Angeles and I guess, was quite well- known by the [International] Olympic Committee as a result of his efforts, the Olympic Committee made an exception. They have a rule that only one citizen of each state can be a member of the International Olympic Committee. Jack Garland, his son, was made a member of the IOC … although Avery Brundage was already also on the IOC. So, I asked Jack this question, I said, "What in the ..." Because the IOC has the final say on where the Games are to be held. And, the way they do it, each country has its own competition and gets its own national … one candidate. Then they go to the IOC and make their presentation [about] how wonderful their place is going to be and the IOC picks it. Well, Alex Cushing was a frustrated New York lawyer, as you probably know. He worked for one of the big law firms in New York for a couple of years, didn't like it, came out, bought Squaw Valley and took over, much to the frustration of Wayne Poulsen, who had started the thing and who lived in the valley. He was a Pan Am pilot but had a place up there. Anyway, Cushing's idea was, "Well, let's get some really good publicity for Squaw Valley. We'll go into the competition for the American representative. Even if we don't get 2 © 2020 LA84 Foundation All Rights Reserved An Oral History Edward Washburn it, by gosh, we'll have ink all over the place, and that would be great," never thinking in the world that he was ever going to get the Games. Indeed, nobody much in the United States … I think, Lake Placid put in their usual bid and I don't remember, maybe Aspen, or somebody. But anyway, Cushing got to be the American representative and he played it to the hilt. Then he went over to Paris, to the IOC, to the final presentation. And, that's what I asked Jack Garland about. I said, "Jack, what in the world happened?" He said, "Well Ed, there was a deadlock and I don't remember ..." He said, "I can't remember what it was, Gstaad, and Innsbruck. There were a couple of European places that were really the two favorites. They were deadlocked, and nobody was giving. Nobody was giving after two days." He said, "Obviously, we had to get a compromise candidate." One of the problems that's always dogged the Winter Olympics is lack of snow. And they said, "What about that fellow from California, where they have all of that snow?" Well, Alex Cushing is a very savvy, very personable … I've known him socially long before the Games, but he does fudge a little bit from time to time. What he had done was submit the snowfall for the weather station, which is at the top of the Donner Summit. I don't know if you've ever been over Donner Summit. The weather station is on the California side of Donner Summit. They have snowfall records going way back. So, he submitted those, not bothering to tell them that the snowfall on the California side is far greater than it is on the Nevada side.
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