A Structural and Geochronological Study of Tromen Volcano
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Field Excursion Report 2010
Presented at “Short Course on Geothermal Drilling, Resource Development and Power Plants”, organized by UNU-GTP and LaGeo, in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, January 16-22, 2011. GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME LaGeo S.A. de C.V. GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITY AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AMERICA: SHORT OVERVIEW OF THE STATUS IN BOLIVIA, CHILE, ECUADOR AND PERU Ingimar G. Haraldsson United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme Orkustofnun, Grensasvegi 9, 108 Reykjavik ICELAND [email protected] ABSTRACT South America holds vast stores of geothermal energy that are largely unexploited. These resources are largely the product of the convergence of the South American tectonic plate and the Nazca plate that has given rise to the Andes mountain chain, with its countless volcanoes. High-temperature geothermal resources in Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru are mainly associated with the volcanically active regions, although low temperature resources are also found outside them. All of these countries have a history of geothermal exploration, which has been reinvigorated with recent changes in global energy prices and the increased emphasis on renewables to combat global warming. The paper gives an overview of their main regions of geothermal activity and the latest developments in the geothermal sector are reviewed. 1. INTRODUCTION South America has abundant geothermal energy resources. In 1999, the Geothermal Energy Association estimated the continent’s potential for electricity generation from geothermal resources to be in the range of 3,970-8,610 MW, based on available information and assuming the use of technology available at that time (Gawell et al., 1999). Subsequent studies have put the potential much higher, as a preliminary analysis of Chile alone assumes a generation potential of 16,000 MW for at least 50 years from geothermal fluids with temperatures exceeding 150°C, extracted from within a depth of 3,000 m (Lahsen et al., 2010). -
Los Morados Scoria Cone, Mendoza, Argentina
Cent. Eur. J. Geosci. • 3(2) • 2011 • 102-118 DOI: 10.2478/s13533-011-0008-4 Central European Journal of Geosciences The role of collapsing and cone rafting on eruption style changes and final cone morphology: Los Morados scoria cone, Mendoza, Argentina Research Article Karoly Németh1, Corina Risso2, Francisco Nullo3, Gabor Kereszturi1,4 1 Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand 2 Departamento de Geología , Area Riesgo Volcánico, FCEyN-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina 3 CONICET-SEGEMAR, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Geological Institute of Hungary, Stefánia út 14, Budapest, 1143, Hungary Received 30 November 2010; accepted 31 January 2011 Abstract: Payún Matru Volcanic Field is a Quaternary monogenetic volcanic field that hosts scoria cones with perfect to breached morphologies. Los Morados complex is a group of at least four closely spaced scoria cones (Los Morados main cone and the older Cones A, B, and C). Los Morados main cone was formed by a long lived eruption of months to years. After an initial Hawaiian-style stage, the eruption changed to a normal Strombolian, cone- building style, forming a cone over 150 metres high on a northward dipping (∼4˚) surface. An initial cone gradually grew until a lava flow breached the cone’s base and rafted an estimated 10% of the total volume. A sudden sector collapse initiated a dramatic decompression in the upper part of the feeding conduit and triggered violent a Strombolian style eruptive stage. Subsequently, the eruption became more stable, and changed to a regular Strombolian style that partially rebuilt the cone. -
Eruptive Activity of Planchón-Peteroa Volcano for Period 2010-2011, Southern Andean Volcanic Zone, Chile
Andean Geology 43 (1): 20-46. January, 2016 Andean Geology doi: 10.5027/andgeoV43n1-a02 www.andeangeology.cl Eruptive activity of Planchón-Peteroa volcano for period 2010-2011, Southern Andean Volcanic Zone, Chile *Felipe Aguilera1, 2, Óscar Benavente3, Francisco Gutiérrez3, Jorge Romero4, Ornella Saltori5, Rodrigo González6, Mariano Agusto7, Alberto Caselli8, Marcela Pizarro5 1 Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Avda. Santa María 0104, Santiago, Chile. 2 Present address: Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile. [email protected] 3 Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile. [email protected]; [email protected] 4 Centro de Investigación y Difusión de Volcanes de Chile, Proyecto Archivo Nacional de Volcanes, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] 5 Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Geología, Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile. [email protected]; [email protected] 6 Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile. [email protected] 7 Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, 1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] 8 Laboratorio de Estudio y Seguimiento de Volcanes Activos (LESVA), Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Roca 1242, (8332) Roca, Argentina. [email protected] * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Planchón-Peteroa volcano started a renewed eruptive period between January 2010 and July 2011. This eruptive period was characterized by the occurrence of 4 explosive eruptive phases, dominated by low-intensity phreatic activity, which produced almost permanent gas/steam columns (200-800 m height over the active crater). -
Full-Text PDF (Final Published Version)
Pritchard, M. E., de Silva, S. L., Michelfelder, G., Zandt, G., McNutt, S. R., Gottsmann, J., West, M. E., Blundy, J., Christensen, D. H., Finnegan, N. J., Minaya, E., Sparks, R. S. J., Sunagua, M., Unsworth, M. J., Alvizuri, C., Comeau, M. J., del Potro, R., Díaz, D., Diez, M., ... Ward, K. M. (2018). Synthesis: PLUTONS: Investigating the relationship between pluton growth and volcanism in the Central Andes. Geosphere, 14(3), 954-982. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01578.1 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record License (if available): CC BY-NC Link to published version (if available): 10.1130/GES01578.1 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via Geo Science World at https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01578.1 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ Research Paper THEMED ISSUE: PLUTONS: Investigating the Relationship between Pluton Growth and Volcanism in the Central Andes GEOSPHERE Synthesis: PLUTONS: Investigating the relationship between pluton growth and volcanism in the Central Andes GEOSPHERE; v. 14, no. 3 M.E. Pritchard1,2, S.L. de Silva3, G. Michelfelder4, G. Zandt5, S.R. McNutt6, J. Gottsmann2, M.E. West7, J. Blundy2, D.H. -
Sr–Pb Isotopes Signature of Lascar Volcano (Chile): Insight Into Contamination of Arc Magmas Ascending Through a Thick Continental Crust N
Sr–Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust N. Sainlot, I. Vlastélic, F. Nauret, S. Moune, F. Aguilera To cite this version: N. Sainlot, I. Vlastélic, F. Nauret, S. Moune, F. Aguilera. Sr–Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Elsevier, 2020, 101, pp.102599. 10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102599. hal-03004128 HAL Id: hal-03004128 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03004128 Submitted on 13 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright Manuscript File Sr-Pb isotopes signature of Lascar volcano (Chile): Insight into contamination of arc magmas ascending through a thick continental crust 1N. Sainlot, 1I. Vlastélic, 1F. Nauret, 1,2 S. Moune, 3,4,5 F. Aguilera 1 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France 2 Observatoire volcanologique et sismologique de la Guadeloupe, Institut de Physique du Globe, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 7154, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France 3 Núcleo de Investigación en Riesgo Volcánico - Ckelar Volcanes, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile 4 Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile 5 Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres (CIGIDEN), Av. -
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Assessment of high enthalpy geothermal resources and promising areas of Chile Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9s55q609 Authors Aravena, D Muñoz, M Morata, D et al. Publication Date 2016 DOI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.09.001 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Assessment of high enthalpy geothermal resources and promising areas of Chile Author links open overlay panel DiegoAravena ab MauricioMuñoz ab DiegoMorata ab AlfredoLahsen ab Miguel ÁngelParada ab PatrickDobson c Show more https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.09.001 Get rights and content Highlights • We ranked geothermal prospects into measured, Indicated and Inferred resources. • We assess a comparative power potential in high-enthalpy geothermal areas. • Total Indicated and Inferred resource reaches 659 ± 439 MWe divided among 9 areas. • Data from eight additional prospects suggest they are highly favorable targets. • 57 geothermal areas are proposed as likely future development targets. Abstract This work aims to assess geothermal power potential in identified high enthalpy geothermal areas in the Chilean Andes, based on reservoir temperature and volume. In addition, we present a set of highly favorable geothermal areas, but without enough data in order to quantify the resource. Information regarding geothermal systems was gathered and ranked to assess Indicated or Inferred resources, depending on the degree of confidence that a resource may exist as indicated by the geoscientific information available to review. Resources were estimated through the USGS Heat in Place method. A Monte Carlo approach is used to quantify variability in boundary conditions. -
English / French
World Heritage 38 COM WHC-14/38.COM/INF.8B4.Rev Doha, 16 June 2014 Original: English / French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Thirty-eighth session Doha, Qatar 15 – 25 June 2014 Item 8 of the Provisional Agenda: Establishment of the World Heritage List and of the List of World Heritage in Danger INF.8B4: Factual error letters SUMMARY This document contains the factual errors notifications received from States Parties by 2 June 2014 in compliance with paragraph 150 of the Operational Guidelines. This document cancels and replaces the previous one. Alphabetical list by State Party of notifications of factual errors in the evaluation reports of the Advisory Bodies relating to nominations to be examined at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee (15-25 June 2014) State Party World Heritage nomination ID No. Recommendation Pp Argentina, Bolivia, Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System 1459 I 2 Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Belgium Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex 1185 Bis N 9 (MBM) Botswana Okavango Delta 1432 I 11 China / Kazakhstan / Silk Roads: Initial Section of the Silk Roads, the Routes 1442 I 14 Kyrgyzstan Network of Tian-shan Corridor China / Kazakhstan / Silk Roads: Initial Section of the Silk Roads, the Routes 1442 I 17 Kyrgyzstan Network of Tian-shan Corridor Denmark Stevns Klint 1416 I 19 France Tectono-volcanic Ensemble of the Chaine des Puys and 1434 N 20 Limagne Fault Germany -
Abrupt Climatic Changes As Triggering Mechanisms of Massive Volcanic Collapses
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 155 (2006) 329–333 www.elsevier.com/locate/jvolgeores Short communication Abrupt climatic changes as triggering mechanisms of massive volcanic collapses Lucia Capra Instituto de Geografía, UNAM, CU Coyoacan, 04510, Mexico DF, Mexico Received 7 March 2006; received in revised form 31 March 2006; accepted 19 April 2006 Available online 5 June 2006 Abstract Abrupt climate change can trigger volcanic collapses, phenomena that cause the destruction of the entire sector of a volcano, including its summit. During the past 30 ka, major volcanic collapses occurred just after main glacial peaks that ended with rapid deglaciation. Glacial debuttressing, load discharge and fluid circulation coupled with the post-glacial increase of humidity and heavy rains can activate the failure of unstable edifices. Furthermore, significant global warming can be responsible for the collapse of ice-capped unstable volcanoes, an unpredictable hazard that in few minutes can bury inhabited areas. © 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V. Keywords: volcanic collapse; global warming 1. Introduction Wyk de Vries et al., 2001; Clavero et al., 2002). Several analogue experiments have been performed to demon- Although climate changes have been considered to be strate how faults can deform volcanoes that finally a triggering mechanism for large eruptions (Rampino et collapse (Van Wyk de Vries and Borgia, 1996; Lagmay et al., 1979; McGuire et al., 1997), they have not, so far, al., 2000; Acocella, 2005; Norini and Lagmay, 2005). been related to the collapse of volcanoes. Unstable This is probably a very common mechanism, but it is volcanoes, whatever the origin of their instability, can spatially localized and can occur in an indeterminate collapse from the same triggering mechanism (McGuire, period of time. -
The Link Between Volcanism and Tectonics in the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Chilean Andes: a Review
Tectonophysics 471 (2009) 96–113 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Tectonophysics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto The link between volcanism and tectonics in the southern volcanic zone of the Chilean Andes: A review José Cembrano a,⁎, Luis Lara b a Universidad Católica del Norte Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile b Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Avda. Santa María 0104, Santiago, Chile article info abstract Article history: The nature of the interplay between tectonics and volcanism is a major question in continental margin Received 7 January 2008 tectonics. The Southern Andes volcanic zone (SVZ), located at the obliquely convergent Nazca–South America Received in revised form 16 January 2009 plate margin between 33°S and 46°S, offers a unique opportunity to address this question because of along- Accepted 26 February 2009 strike changes in crustal thickness, tectonic style and well-constrained long-term and short-term kinematic Available online 13 March 2009 history. The complex interaction between tectonic and magmatic processes is evidenced by both the architecture and geochemical signature of volcanic systems. Main first-order factors accounting for the Keywords: Southern Andes along-strike variations in the nature and composition of volcanism are crustal thickness and the existence of Volcanism a major, intra-arc fault system, the Liquiñe–Ofqui fault zone (LOFZ). Second order factors include the local Arc tectonics nature of the volcanic arc basement. Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone Two main categories of volcano–tectonic associations have been identified, according to the spatial Dykes distribution and internal organization of individual volcanoes and clusters of volcanoes with respect to both the overall strike of the volcanic arc and the first and second-order active/inactive basement faults. -
Tectonic Evolution of the Andes of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Northern
CORDANI, LJ.G./ MILANI, E.J. I THOMAZ flLHO. A.ICAMPOS. D.A. TECTON IeEVOLUTION OF SOUTH AMERICA. P. 481·559 j RIO DE JANEIRO, 2000 TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE ANDES OF ECUADOR, PERU, BOLIVIA E. Jaillard, G. Herail, T. Monfret, E. Dfaz-Martfnez, P. Baby, A, Lavenu, and J.F. Dumont This chapterwasprepared underthe co-ordination chainisvery narrow. Thehighest average altitudeisreached ofE.[aillard. Together withG.Herail andT. Monfret,hewrote between 15°5 and 23°S, where the Altiplano ofBolivia and the Introduction. Enrique Dfaz-Martinez prepared the southernPerureaches anearly 4000 mofaverage elevation, section on the Pre-Andean evolution ofthe Central Andes. andcorresponds tothewidest partofthechain. TheAndean Again Iaillard, onthe Pre-orogenic evolution ofthe North Chain is usually highly asymmetric, witha steep western Central Andes. E.[aillard, P. Baby, G. Herail.A, Lavenu, and slope. and a large and complex eastern side. In Peru,the J.E Dumont wrote the texton theorogenic evolution of the distance between the trench and the hydrographic divide North-Central Andes, And, finally, [aillard dosed the variesfrom 240 to }OO km.whereas. the distancebetween manuscript with theconclusions. thehydrographic divide and the200m contourlineranges between 280 km(5°N) and about1000 kIn (Lima Transect, 8·S - 12°5). In northern Chile and Argentina (23·5),these distances become 300 krn and 500 km, respectively. Tn INTRODUCTION: southern Peru,as littleas 240 km separates the Coropuna THE PRESENT-DAY NORTH-CENTRAL Volcano (6425 m) from the Chile-Peru Trench (- 6865 m). This, together with the western location of the Andes ANDES (jON - 23°5) _ relative to theSouth American Con tinent,explains whythe riversflowing toward the Pacific Ocean do not exceed 300 TheAndean Chain isthemajormorphological feature of kmlong, whereas thoseflowing to theAtlantic Ocean reach theSouth American Continent. -
Upper Crustal Differentiation Processes and Their Role in 238U-230Th
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 102 (2020) 102672 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Upper crustal differentiation processes and their role in 238U-230Th disequilibria at the San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain (Central Andes) T ∗ Benigno Godoya, , Lucy McGeeb,1, Osvaldo González-Maurelc,d, Inés Rodrígueze, Petrus le Rouxd, Diego Morataa, Andrew Menziesf a Centro de Excelencia en Geotermia de los Andes (CEGA) y Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile b Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia c Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos, 0610, Antofagasta, Chile d Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa e Departamento de Obras Civiles y Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Rudecindo Ortega, 02950, Chile f Bruker Nano GmbH, Am Studio 2D, Berlin 12489, Germany ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: U-series data are combined with major and trace element constraints to construct a detailed view of the mag- U-series disequilibria matic system feeding the San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain, aiding the understanding of how stratovolcanoes in San Pedro – Linzor volcanic chain extremely thick arc crust evolve. Lavas from the Quaternary San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain (Central Andes) 238 U excess 238 230 238 have ( U/ Th) ranging from 1.015 to 1.072, with U excess even in the less evolved (~57 wt% SiO2) Subduction zone magmatism analyzed lavas. Contrary to well-established trends between fluid mobile elements and 238U excess, Amphibole fractionation 238 230 ( U/ Th)0 shows no systematic correlation with ratios indicative of fluid-driven melting (e.g. -
RESEARCH Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar
RESEARCH Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of lavas from Tunupa volcano, Bolivia: Implications for plateau volcanism in the central Andean Plateau Morgan J. Salisbury1,2, Adam J.R. Kent1, Néstor Jiménez3, and Brian R. Jicha4 1COLLEGE OF EARTH, OCEAN, AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY, CORVALLIS, OREGON 97331, USA 2DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES, DURHAM UNIVERSITY, DURHAM DH1 3LE, UK 3UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRÉS, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES GEOLÓGICAS Y DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE, CASILLA 3-35140, LA PAZ, BOLIVIA 4DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN–MADISON, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53706, USA ABSTRACT Tunupa volcano is a composite cone in the central Andean arc of South America located ~115 km behind the arc front. We present new geochemical data and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations from Tunupa volcano and the nearby Huayrana lavas, and we discuss their petrogenesis within the context of the lithospheric dynamics and orogenic volcanism of the southern Altiplano region (~18.5°S–21°S). The Tunupa edifice was constructed between 1.55 ± 0.01 and 1.40 ± 0.04 Ma, and the lavas exhibit typical subduction signatures with positive large ion lithophile element (LILE) and negative high field strength element (HFSE) anomalies. Relative to composite centers of the frontal arc, the Tunupa lavas are enriched in HFSEs, particularly Nb, Ta, and Ti. Nb-Ta-Ti enrichments are also observed in Pliocene and younger monogenetic lavas in the Altiplano Basin to the east of Tunupa, as well as in rear arc lavas elsewhere on the central Andean Plateau. Nb concentrations show very little variation with silica content or other indices of differentiation at Tunupa and most other central Andean composite centers.