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CAMBRIDGE SUFFRAGE HISTORY CAMBRIDGE SUFFRAGE HISTORY a Long March for Suffrage
CAMBRIDGE SUFFRAGE HISTORY CAMBRIDGE SUFFRAGE HISTORY A long march for suffrage. Margaret Fuller was born in Cambridge in1810. By her late teens, she was considered a prodigy and equal or superior in intelligence to her male friends. As an adult she hosted “Conversations” for men and women on topics that ranged from women’s rights to philosophy. She joined Ralph Waldo Emerson in editing and writing for the Transcendentalist journal, The Dial from 1840-1842. It was in this publication that she wrote an article about women’s rights titled, “The Great Lawsuit,” which she would go on to expand into a book a few years later. In 1844, she moved to NYC to write for the New York Tribune. Her book, Woman in the Nineteenth Century was published in1845. She traveled to Europe as the Tribune’s foreign correspondent, the first woman to hold such a role. She died in a shipwreck off the coast of NY in July 1850 just as she was returning to life in the U.S. Her husband and infant also perished. It was hoped that she would be a leader in the equal rights and suffrage movements but her life was tragically cut short. 02 SARAH BURKS, CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL COMMISSION December 2019 CAMBRIDGE SUFFRAGE HISTORY A long march for suffrage. Harriet A. Jacobs (1813-1897) was born into slavery in Edenton, NC. She escaped her sexually abusive owner in 1835 and lived in hiding for seven years. In 1842 she escaped to the north. She eventually was able to secure freedom for her children and herself. -
The 19Th Amendment
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Women Making History: The 19th Amendment Women The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. —19th Amendment to the United States Constitution In 1920, after decades of tireless activism by countless determined suffragists, American women were finally guaranteed the right to vote. The year 2020 marks the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment. It was ratified by the states on August 18, 1920 and certified as an amendment to the US Constitution on August 26, 1920. Developed in partnership with the National Park Service, this publication weaves together multiple stories about the quest for women’s suffrage across the country, including those who opposed it, the role of allies and other civil rights movements, who was left behind, and how the battle differed in communities across the United States. Explore the complex history and pivotal moments that led to ratification of the 19th Amendment as well as the places where that history happened and its continued impact today. 0-31857-0 Cover Barcode-Arial.pdf 1 2/17/20 1:58 PM $14.95 ISBN 978-1-68184-267-7 51495 9 781681 842677 The National Park Service is a bureau within the Department Front cover: League of Women Voters poster, 1920. of the Interior. It preserves unimpaired the natural and Back cover: Mary B. Talbert, ca. 1901. cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this work future generations. -
Suffrage Organizations Chart.Indd
U.S. WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE ORGANIZATIONS 1 National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA), American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), 1869 - 1890 1869 - 1890 “The National” “The American” Key Leaders Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Lucy Stone, Henry Browne Blackwell, Julia Ward Howe, Mott, Matilda Joslyn Gage, Anna Howard Shaw Mary Livermore, Henry Ward Beecher Key Facts • Headquartered in New York City • Headquartered in Boston • Started The Revolution, a newspaper that focused • Established the Woman’s Journal, a successful on a range of women’s issues, including suffrage suffrage newspaper o Funded by a pro-slavery man, George o Funded by subscriptions Francis Train • Permitted both men and women to be a part of • Men were able to join the organization as organization and leadership members but women controlled the leadership • Considered more moderate • Considered radical and controversial Key Stances & • Against the 15th Amendment • Supported the 15th Amendment and the Republican Strategies • Sought a national amendment guaranteeing Party women’s suffrage • Adopted a state-by-state strategy to win suffrage • Held their conventions in Washington, D.C • Held their conventions in various cities across the • Advocated for women’s right to education and country divorce and for equal pay • Supported traditional social institutions, such as • Argued for the vote to be given to the “educated” marriage and religion • Willing to work with anyone as long as they • Unwilling to work with polygamous women and championed women’s rights and suffrage others considered radical, for fear of alienating the o Leadership allowed Mormon polygamist public women to join the organization • Employed less militant lobbying tactics, such as • Made attempts to vote in various places across the petition drives, testifying before legislatures, and country even though it was considered illegal giving public speeches © Better Days 2020 U.S. -
The Woman Suffrage Debate 1865-1919
Dialectic of the Enlightenment in America: The Woman Suffrage Debate 1865-1919 Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät für Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaften der Universität Regensburg vorgelegt von Frau Borislava Borisova Probst, geboren Marinova Wohnadresse: Ludwig-Thoma-Str. 19, 93051 Regensburg Vorlage der Arbeit bei der Fakultät für Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaften im Jahre 2014 Druckort: Regensburg, 2015 Erstgutachter: Herr Prof. Dr. Volker Depkat, Lehrstuhl für Amerikanistik, Universität Regensburg Zweitgutachter: Frau Prof. Dr. Nassim Balestrini, Institut für Amerikanistik, Karl-Franzens- Universität Graz Dialectic of the Enlightenment in America: The Woman Suffrage Debate 1865-1919 Table of Contents: I. Introduction: I. 1. Aim of Study…………………………………………………………………..…1 I. 2. Research Situation ………………………………………………………………9 I. 2.1. Scholarly Situation on Female Suffrage ……………………………10 I. 2.2. The Enlightenment in America…………………………………..……12 I. 2.3. Dialectic of Enlightenment in America………………………….……16 I. 3. Mothodology und Sources ……………………………………………………..18 I. 3.1. Methodology………………………………………………………….18 I. 3.2. Sources………………………………………………………………30 II. Suffragist and Anti-Suffragist Pragmatics of Communication II. 1. The Progressive Era, Women and the Enlightenment…………………………33 II. 1.2. The Communication of the Suffrage Debate: The Institutionalization of the Movements…………………………….……42 II. 1.3. Organized, Public Suffrage Communication………………………………43 II. 1.4. Organized Public Anti-Suffrage Communication……………………….….67 III. Enlightenment and Inclusion: Suffrage Voices…………………………………………88 III. 1. Isabella Beecher Hooker: “The Constitutional Rights of the Women in the United States” (1888)……………90 III. 2. Carrie Chapman Catt: “Will of the People” (1910)………………………………..104 III. 3. Further Suffrage Voices………………………………………………………….…114 III. 3.1. Suffragists’ Self-understanding…………………………..……………….115 III. 3.2. Rights…………………………………………………………………..…120 III. Suffragism and Progress……………………………………………………….126 IV. -
Background Guide
The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA) MUNUC 33 ONLINE1 The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA)| MUNUC 33 Online TABLE OF CONTENTS ______________________________________________________ A NOTE ON INTERSECTIONALITY FROM THE DAIS………...……….………3 CHAIR LETTERS………………………….….…………………..…….…….....…5 COMMITTEE STRUCTURE.……………..………………………………………..9 TOPIC A: ORGANIZING THE WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT……….14 Statement of the Problem……………….……………..………….…14 History of the Problem………………………………………………….26 Roster……………………………………………………………………..30 Bibliography……………………………………………………………..66 2 The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA)| MUNUC 33 Online A NOTE ON INTERSECTIONALITY FROM THE DAIS ____________________________________________________ Dear Delegates, Welcome to the National American Woman’s Suffrage Association - where you will spend your weekend writing and voting on policy that will advance gender equality and grant women the rights that they deserve. We hope this committee will provoke conversations, creativity, and a hard (and even critical) look at the movement that led to the enfranchisement of the largest group of voters at a single time. Our goal with running this committee is to teach you about how to organize and run a political movement. However, we also want you to understand and critique how political movements have worked in the past. In order to do this, we must confront both the parts of our history that are commendable and inspiring, as well as the parts of our history in which people were discriminatory or acted in a manner that we would not support today. The history we will be discussing is not faultless, and deals with racist, antisemitic, and homophobic actors both outside and within the suffrage movement. Some of you have been assigned characters who hold problematic, prejudiced beliefs. -
Lucy Hargrett Draper Center and Archives for the Study of the Rights
Lucy Hargrett Draper Center and Archives for the Study of the Rights of Women in History and Law Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library Special Collections Libraries University of Georgia Index 1. Legal Treatises. Ca. 1575-2007 (29). Age of Enlightenment. An Awareness of Social Justice for Women. Women in History and Law. 2. American First Wave. 1849-1949 (35). American Pamphlets timeline with Susan B. Anthony’s letters: 1853-1918. American Pamphlets: 1849-1970. 3. American Pamphlets (44) American pamphlets time-line with Susan B. Anthony’s letters: 1853-1918. 4. American Pamphlets. 1849-1970 (47). 5. U.K. First Wave: 1871-1908 (18). 6. U.K. Pamphlets. 1852-1921 (15). 7. Letter, autographs, notes, etc. U.S. & U.K. 1807-1985 (116). 8. Individual Collections: 1873-1980 (165). Myra Bradwell - Susan B. Anthony Correspondence. The Emily Duval Collection - British Suffragette. Ablerta Martie Hill Collection - American Suffragist. N.O.W. Collection - West Point ‘8’. Photographs. Lucy Hargrett Draper Personal Papers (not yet received) 9. Postcards, Woman’s Suffrage, U.S. (235). 10. Postcards, Women’s Suffrage, U.K. (92). 11. Women’s Suffrage Advocacy Campaigns (300). Leaflets. Broadsides. Extracts Fliers, handbills, handouts, circulars, etc. Off-Prints. 12. Suffrage Iconography (115). Posters. Drawings. Cartoons. Original Art. 13. Suffrage Artifacts: U.S. & U.K. (81). 14. Photographs, U.S. & U.K. Women of Achievement (83). 15. Artifacts, Political Pins, Badges, Ribbons, Lapel Pins (460). First Wave: 1840-1960. Second Wave: Feminist Movement - 1960-1990s. Third Wave: Liberation Movement - 1990-to present. 16. Ephemera, Printed material, etc (114). 17. U.S. & U.K. -
“A Religious Recognition of Equality”: Liberal Spirituality and the Marriage Question in America, 1835–1850
religions Article “A Religious Recognition of Equality”: Liberal Spirituality and the Marriage Question in America, 1835–1850 Gregory Garvey Department of English, The College at Brockport, State University of New York, Brockport, NY 14420, USA; [email protected] Received: 16 July 2017; Accepted: 10 August 2017; Published: 8 September 2017 Abstract: Studying texts by Lydia Maria Child, Sarah Grimke, and Margaret Fuller, this article seeks to recover the early phases of a dialogue that moved marriage away from an institution grounded in ideas of unification and toward a concept of marriage grounded in liberal ideas about equality. It seeks to situate the “marriage question” within both the rhetoric of American antebellum reform and of liberal religious thought. Rather than concluding that these early texts facilitated a movement toward a contractarian ideal of marriage this article concludes that Child, Grimke, and Fuller, sought to discredit unification as an organizing idea for marriage and replace it with a definition that placed a spiritual commitment to equality between the partners as the animating core of the idea of marriage. Keywords: Transcendentalism; marriage reform; liberalism; Margaret Fuller; Lydia Maria Child; Sarah Grimke Questions about marriage reform began to accelerate onto reformers’ agendas after Lydia Maria Child and Sarah Grimke published texts of women’s history in the 1830s. Serving both religious and civil functions, the marriage tie was at the very center of adult life for the vast majority of Americans. But marriage was also profoundly anti-egalitarian, demanding sacrifices for women that contradicted basic assumptions about individual rights that by the mid-nineteenth century had transformed political, economic, and religious life. -
Mary Mcleod Bethune
MANAGING EDITOR COPY EDITOR Lynne M. O’Hara Noralee Frankel NHD IS ENDORSED BY American Association for State and Local History National Council for History Education American Historical Association National Council on Public History Federation of State Humanities Councils Organization of American Historians Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation Society for American Archivists National Association of Secondary School Principals THIS PUBLICATION IS SPONSORED BY NHD IS ALSO GENEROUSLY SUPPORTED BY Mary Abroe Crown Family Foundation James F. Harris Celie Niehaus Pritzker Military Foundation 4511 Knox Road Suite 205 College Park, MD 20740 Phone: 301-314-9739 Fax: 301-314-9767 Email: [email protected] Website: nhd.org ©2018 National History Day. May be duplicated for educational purposes. Not for resale. ISBN: 978-0-9962189-6-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FORWARD 2 INTRODUCTION: WOMEN’S HISTORY IS HISTORY 3 WHAT IS NATIONAL HISTORY DAY®? 7 LESSON PLANS 8 ANNE MARBURY HUTCHINSON 8 MERCY OTIS WARREN 12 SOJOURNER TRUTH 17 DOROTHEA LYNDE DIX 20 HARRIET BEECHER STOWE 24 CLARA BARTON 28 ANNIE OAKLEY 32 JULIETTE GORDON LOW 36 IDA B. WELLS-BARNETT 41 MARY MCLEOD BETHUNE 45 FRANCES PERKINS 50 JEANETTE RANKIN 56 ALICE PAUL 60 MARIAN ANDERSON 64 FANNIE LOU HAMER 69 SHIRLEY CHISHOLM 73 MARIA TALLCHIEF 78 PATSY TAKEMOTO MINK 81 DOLORES HUERTA 85 SALLY RIDE 89 1 FORWARD What if everything you knew about the world came only from one of the history books I used in school? It’s safe to say there would be substantial gaps in your knowledge. There’s also a pretty good chance that you would conclude that most everyone on earth—at least most everyone worth remembering—was both white and male. -
Dedication Planned for New National Suffrage Memorial
Equality Day is August 26 March is Women's History Month NATIONAL WOMEN'S HISTORY ALLIANCE Women Win the Vote Before1920 Celebrating the Centennial of Women's Suffrage 1920 & Beyond You're Invited! Celebrate the 100th Anniversary of Women’s Right to Vote Learn What’s Happening in Your State and Online HROUGHOUT 2020, Americans will celebrate the Tcentennial of the extension of the right to vote to women. When Congress passed the 19th Amendment in 1919, and 36 states ratified it by August 1920, women’s right to vote was enshrined in the U.S. Constitution. Now there are local, state and national centennial celebrations in the works including shows and © Trevor Stamp © Trevor parades, parties and plays, films The Women’s Suffrage Centennial float in the Rose Parade in Pasadena, California, was seen by millions on January 1, 2020. On the float were the and performers, teas and more. descendants of suffragists including Ida B. Wells, Susan B. Anthony, Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Ten rows of Learn more, get involved, enjoy the ten women in white followed, waving to the crowd. Trevor Stamp photo. activities, and recognize as never before that women’s hard fought Dedication Planned for New achievements are an important part of American history. National Suffrage Memorial HE TURNING POINT Suffra- were jailed over 100 years ago. This gist Memorial, a permanent marked a critical turning point in suffrage Inside This Issue: tribute to the American women’s history. Great Resources T © Robert Beach suffrage movement, will be unveiled on Spread over an acre, the park-like A rendering of the Memorial August 26, 2020 in Lorton, Virginia. -
The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA) MUNUC 33 1 the National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA)| MUNUC 33
The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA) MUNUC 33 1 The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA)| MUNUC 33 TABLE OF CONTENTS ______________________________________________________ A NOTE ON INTERSECTIONALITY FROM THE DAIS………...……….………3 CHAIR LETTERS………………………….….…………………..…….…….....…5 COMMITTEE STRUCTURE.……………..………………………………………..9 TOPIC A: ORGANIZING THE WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT……….14 Statement of the Problem……………….……………..………….…14 History of the Problem………………………………………………….26 Roster……………………………………………………………………..30 Bibliography……………………………………………………………..66 2 The National American Woman Suffrage Association 1890 (NAWSA)| MUNUC 33 A NOTE ON INTERSECTIONALITY FROM THE DAIS ____________________________________________________ Dear Delegates, Welcome to the National American Woman’s Suffrage Association - where you will spend your weekend writing and voting on policy that will advance gender equality and grant women the rights that they deserve. We hope this committee will provoke conversations, creativity, and a hard (and even critical) look at the movement that led to the enfranchisement of the largest group of voters at a single time. Our goal with running this committee is to teach you about how to organize and run a political movement. However, we also want you to understand and critique how political movements have worked in the past. In order to do this, we must confront both the parts of our history that are commendable and inspiring, as well as the parts of our history in which people were discriminatory or acted in a manner that we would not support today. The history we will be discussing is not faultless, and deals with racist, antisemitic, and homophobic actors both outside and within the suffrage movement. Some of you have been assigned characters who hold problematic, prejudiced beliefs. -
Reclaiming Our Voice Levin G
Women at NJ Women's Party headquarters in Newark doing both suffrage and war work. When the United States entered World War I, suffragists and anti-suffragists worked with the Red Cross in relief work, organized women to sew, knit, and prepare surgical dressings for the military, and, like the women in this photo, raise money in Liberty Loan drives. Suffragists believed their active loyalty and support would make woman suffrage inevitable. Reclaiming Our Voice | Carol Simon Levin | www.GardenStateLegacy.com GSL 47 March 2020 n March 31, 1776, Abigail Adams was minding farm, family, and Ofinances in Massachusetts when she wrote a letter to her husband John, a delegate at the Continental Congress in Philadelphia: I long to hear that you have declared independence—and by the way in the new code of laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would remember the ladies, and be more generous and favorable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the husbands. Remember all men would be tyrants if they could. If particular care and attention is not paid to the ladies we are determined to foment a rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any laws in which we have no voice, or representation . Abigail Adams (1744-1818) Two weeks later, on April 14, 1776, her husband replied that she was by Crina Magalio “so saucy” and he could not “but laugh” at her “extraordinary code of laws.” After commenting that freed northern slaves, apprentices, and the poor were demanding equal rights, he worried “Another tribe Abigail Adams and the other drawings of women's rights [women], more numerous and powerful than all the rest,” would also be activists are the work of some of the talented artists arguing for equality. -
Lucy Stone and Her Legacy As a Defiant Pioneer for Feminism Sabrina Calazans Arcadia University, [email protected]
Arcadia University ScholarWorks@Arcadia Faculty Curated Undergraduate Works Undergraduate Research Fall 2015 Lucy Stone and Her Legacy as a Defiant Pioneer for Feminism Sabrina Calazans Arcadia University, [email protected] Arcadia University has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits ouy . Your story matters. Thank you. Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/undergrad_works Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Calazans, Sabrina, "Lucy Stone and Her Legacy as a Defiant Pioneer for Feminism" (2015). Faculty Curated Undergraduate Works. Paper 27. http://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/undergrad_works/27 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Research at ScholarWorks@Arcadia. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Curated Undergraduate Works by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@Arcadia. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Running head: LUCY STONE PIONEER 1 Lucy Stone and Her Legacy as a Defiant Pioneer for Feminism Sabrina Calazans Well-Behaved Women Seldom Make History, Dr. Jeanne Buckley 08 December 2015 Running head: LUCY STONE PIONEER 2 Abstract According to society, Lucy Stone was a badly-behaved woman, but according to her impact on feminism today, Stone was just an intelligent, courageous and outspoken woman. Stone succeeded in becoming the first woman from her state of Massachusetts to earn a college degree and became the first woman to not take her husband’s last name. By not letting societal norms and ideals hold her back from doing what she wanted, Stone worked through hardships and challenges in both her personal and professional life, but she soldiered on and continued voicing her thoughts and opinions to women nationwide.