DOCSLIB.ORG

Manganese Deposits in Part of the Sierra Maestra, Cuba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Manganese Deposits in Part of the Sierra Maestra, Cuba UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director Bulletin 935-F MANGANESE DEPOSITS IN PART OF THE SIERRA MAESTRA, CUBA BY C. F. PARK, JR., AND M..W. COX Geological Investigations in the American Republics (Pages 307-355) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1944 For gale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 75 cents 1. CONTENTS Page Abstract................................................. 307 Introduction............................................. 307 Production and reserves .............................. 308 Mining methods....................................... 310 Transportation....................................... 310 Milling methods...................................... 311 Geology.................................................. 312 Stratigraphy......................................... 312 Structure............................................ 312 Ore deposits............................................. 313 Classification and description....................... 313 Tuff ores........................................ 313 Limestone ores................................... 314 Mezclado ore..................................... 314 Ore adjacent to faults........................... 314 Irregular fracture ores.......................... 314 Surficial ores ................................... 314 Mineralogy........................................... 315 Ore minerals..................................... 315 Gangue minerals.................................. 315 Origin and localization.............................. 315 Surficial enrichment................................. 317 Mine descriptions........................................ 317 Bueycito area........................................ 318 History and production........................... 318 Stratigraphy..;.................................. 318 Structure........................................ 319 Ores............................................. 319 Biaya............................................ 320 Guisa area........................................... 321 Buenavista group................................. 321 Cadiz mine....................................... 321 Taratana mines..............v. .................... 323 Lego and Canada mines........................ 325 Segunda Gloria and Guisa mines............... 326 Effie............................................ 326 Yiyi............................................. 326 Luz.............................................. 326 Aurora........................................... 327 Mercedes......................................... 327 Morita........................................... 327 Margot........................................... 327 Antonia.......................................... 327 Josefina......................................... 328 Desperto......................................... 328 Charco Redondo area.................................. 328 Charco Redondo mine.............................. 330 Caaualidad mine.................................. 332 Lucia mine .....Co................................ 333 Mamie] mine........ 0 ............................. 334 III IV CONTENTS Mine descriptions Continued. Baire-Los Negros area................................ 334 Antonio mine..................................... 334 Caribbean group.................................. 337 La Unica......................................... 337 Pozo Prieto...................................... 339 San Alberto........o.........c.....\............. 342 Adelaida.......................................... 342 Mascota.......................................... 342 Bessie........................................... 343 Arcadio.......................................... 343 Dichosa.......................................... 343 Eduardo.......................................... 343 Amy.............................................. 344 Progreso......................................... 344 Santa Lena....................................... 344 Candas........................................... 344 Fortuna.......................................... 344 Tony............................................. 345 Emilito.......................................... 345 Yeya............................................. 345 Defensa.......................................... 346 Gaceta........................................... 346 Estrella......................................... 346 Sorpresa......................................... 347 Manacas area......o.................................. 347 Botija area.......................................... 349 Cobre area........................................... 349 San Idelfonso mine............................... 349 Segunda Veinte de Mayo........................... 350 Gran Piedra area..................................... 350 Sigua area........................................... 352 Location and history............................. 352 Geology.......................................... 352 Ore deposits..................................... 354 ILLUSTRATIONS Page Plate 51. Aerial view of typical Sierra Maestra foot­ hills. Junction of Eayamo and Guama Rivers. Courtesy U. S. Army............... 308 52. Aerial view of Pozo Prieto sinkhole topog­ raphy. Courtesy U. S. Army................ 316 53. Nodular ore, Non Plus Ultra mine, Sigua, Oriente. Nodules of high-silica manganese ore in red tuff. Hammer handle is 14 inches long................................ 316 54. Geologic map arid section of the central part of the Bueycito district, Oriente Prov­ ince, Cuba........................... In pocket 55. Geologic map and section of the Cadiz mine, Oriente Province, Cuba............... In pocket 56. Geologic map and section of the Taratana mines, Oriente Province, Cuba........ In pocket 57. Plan and section of the Canada mine workings, Oriente Province, Cuba..................... 328 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 50. Geologic map and section of part of Charco Redondo area, Oriente Province, Cuba. In pocket 59. Geologic map and section of the Lucia mine, Oriente Province, Cuba..................... .328 60. Geologic map and section of the Antonio mine, Oriente Province, Cuba............... In pocket 61. Geologic map and section of La Unica mine, Oriente Province, Cuba............... In pocket 62. Geologic map and sections of the Pozo Prieto NV mine, Oriente Province, Cuba......... In pocket 63. Underground workings of Yeya mine, Oriente Province, Cuba....................... In pocket 64. Geologic map and section of part of the Manacas area, Oriente Province, Cuba. In pocket 65. Geologic map of the San Idelfonso mine, Oriente Province, Cuba............... In pocket 66. Sketch map of .the Che"vere mine, Gran Piedra area, Oriente Province, Cuba............... 352 67. Geologic map and section of the Sigua area, Oriente Province, Cuba............... In pocket Figure 15. Index map of Cuba showing location of manga­ nese district studied in 1941-42........... 309 16. Sierra Haestra manganese district showing location of mines mapped................... 311 17. Plan and profile of Pozo Prieto cave......... 341 18. Geologic map of the Fantasia and Capricho denouncements, Sigua area, Oriente Prov- ince, Cuba................................. 353 MANGANESE DEPOSITS IN PART OF THE SIERRA MAESTRA, CUBA By C. F. Park, Jr., and M. W. Cox ABSTRACT Manganese deposits are widely distributed in the rolling foothills north of the Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province, Cuba. The area is underlain by thick volcanic formations, principally tuffs and agglomerates, which are capped by middle or upper Eocene limestone. The rocks are gently folded along westward- trending axes and are broken by numerous faults. The principal faults trend nearly east-west, parallel to the axes of the folds, and there are many small north-south faults. Manganese deposits occur in both the volcanic, rocks and the limestones at and near their contacts, especially where the contacts are cut by fractures. The deposits were formed at or near the surface, by warm waters thought to have been associated with the late stage's of the Sierra Maestra volcanism. Pyrolusite and psilomelane are the most common manganese minerals in the deposits, though other oxides and silicates are present. Calclte, jasper, and zeolites are the most abundant gangue. minerals. Ore, to be salable, must contain 40 percent or more of manganese, and most ore must be hand-picked or otherwise concentrated in order to reach this grade. The production from the Sierra Maestra in 1941 was between 75,000 and 90,000 tons of ore, carrying 40 percent or more of manganese, oxit of a total Cuban production of about 250,000 tons. Known reserves are estimated at 300,000 tons that aver­ ages more than 40 percent manganese and at least 1,500,000 tons of rock that contains more than 20 percent manganese and more than 20 percent silica. Present production can be maintained or increased for several years. Many of the mines in the region are described. INTRODUCTION - The manganese deposits of Cuba have recently received con­ siderable attention because of their great value to the steel industry of the United States during the war period when more distant sources are cut off. Study of these deposits by the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, began in November 1940, under a program financed by the United States Department of State and with the consent.and cooperation 307 308 GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Slum Clearance in Havana in an Age of Revolution, 1930-65
    SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 by Jesse Lewis Horst Bachelor of Arts, St. Olaf College, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2012 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Jesse Horst It was defended on July 28, 2016 and approved by Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science Edward Muller, Professor, Department of History Lara Putnam, Professor and Chair, Department of History Co-Chair: George Reid Andrews, Distinguished Professor, Department of History Co-Chair: Alejandro de la Fuente, Robert Woods Bliss Professor of Latin American History and Economics, Department of History, Harvard University ii Copyright © by Jesse Horst 2016 iii SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 Jesse Horst, M.A., PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 This dissertation examines the relationship between poor, informally housed communities and the state in Havana, Cuba, from 1930 to 1965, before and after the first socialist revolution in the Western Hemisphere. It challenges the notion of a “great divide” between Republic and Revolution by tracing contentious interactions between technocrats, politicians, and financial elites on one hand, and mobilized, mostly-Afro-descended tenants and shantytown residents on the other hand. The dynamics of housing inequality in Havana not only reflected existing socio- racial hierarchies but also produced and reconfigured them in ways that have not been systematically researched.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview Print Page Close Window
    World Directory of Minorities Americas MRG Directory –> Cuba –> Cuba Overview Print Page Close Window Cuba Overview Environment Peoples History Governance Current state of minorities and indigenous peoples Environment Cuba is the largest island in the Caribbean. It is located 150 kilometres south of the tip of the US state of Florida and east of the Yucatán Peninsula. On the east, Cuba is separated by the Windward Passage from Hispaniola, the island shared by Haiti and Dominican Republic. The total land area is 114,524 sq km, which includes the Isla de la Juventud (formerly called Isle of Pines) and other small adjacent islands. Peoples Main languages: Spanish Main religions: Christianity (Roman Catholic, Protestant), syncretic African religions The majority of the population of Cuba is 51% mulatto (mixed white and black), 37% white, 11% black and 1% Chinese (CIA, 2001). However, according to the Official 2002 Cuba Census, 65% of the population is white, 10% black and 25% mulatto. Although there are no distinct indigenous communities still in existence, some mixed but recognizably indigenous Ciboney-Taino-Arawak-descended populations are still considered to have survived in parts of rural Cuba. Furthermore the indigenous element is still in evidence, interwoven as part of the overall population's cultural and genetic heritage. There is no expatriate immigrant population. More than 75 per cent of the population is classified as urban. The revolutionary government, installed in 1959, has generally destroyed the rigid social stratification inherited from Spanish colonial rule. During Spanish colonial rule (and later under US influence) Cuba was a major sugar-producing territory.
    [Show full text]
  • Oriente Province Begin
    • Inter - American News ¦p a p-M Member Inter American wHk mb I Press Association for English - • Speaking people For Liberty, Culture and Daily Hemispheric Solidarity he for a better understanding between the T Americas 4th YEAR MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, JUNE 2, 1957 NUMBER 271 G. A. SAN ROMAN C. W. SMITH S. SMITH President Vice President Vice President Nicaragua FRANCISCO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE and Vice President and Publisher Vice President Editor and Manager Sen. Smathers Proposes Antonio Ruiz Fred M. Shaver Eliseo Riera-G6mez Large Scale Operations Managing Editor Business Manager Advt. Si Clre. Mgr. Honduras Agree Published daily except Monday Entered as second class matter at the Amendment to Provide a Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla., on February 8. 1956. Against Cuban Rebels in EDITORIAL Fund for Latin America to Avoid Use U.S. CONSULAR SERVICE IN LATIN AMERICA WASHINGTON The Senator from Florida, George Smathers of Violence The existing restrictions and requirements regarding (Democrat), this week proposed an Oriente Province Begin visas for residents and tourists wishing to travel to the amendment to the Mutual Secur- GUATEMALA, June HUP) United States have complicated, no doubt, the functions of ity Authorization Bill which would Honduras and Nicaragua agreed to the consulates of this country in the whole world. provide for a $25 million economic a solution of their territorial con- BATISTA DENIES Cuban Leader Ready to Participate development fund for Latin Ame- flict without the use of violence, For Latin America the
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.SUGAR, EMPIRE, and REVOLUTION in EASTERN CUBA
    Caribbean Studies ISSN: 0008-6533 [email protected] Instituto de Estudios del Caribe Puerto Rico Casey, Matthew SUGAR, EMPIRE, AND REVOLUTION IN EASTERN CUBA: THE GUANTÁNAMO SUGAR COMPANY RECORDS IN THE CUBAN HERITAGE COLLECTION Caribbean Studies, vol. 42, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2014, pp. 219-233 Instituto de Estudios del Caribe San Juan, Puerto Rico Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=39240402008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative SUGAR, EMPIRE, AND REVOLUTION IN EASTERN CUBA... 219 SUgAR, EMPIRE, AND REVOLUTION IN EASTERN CUBA: ThE gUANTáNAMO SUgAR COMPANy RECORDS IN ThE CUBAN hERITAgE COLLECTION Matthew Casey ABSTRACT The Guantánamo Sugar Company Records in the Cuban Heritage Col- lection at the University of Miami represent some of the only accessible plantation documents for the province of Guantánamo in republican Cuba. Few scholars have researched in the collection and there have not been any publications to draw from it. Such a rich collection allows scholars to tie the province’s local political, economic, and social dynamics with larger national, regional, and global processes. This is consistent with ongoing scholarly efforts to understand local and global interactions and to pay more attention to regional differences within Cuba. This research note uses the records to explore local issues of land, labor, and politics in republican-era Guantánamo in the context of larger national and international processes.
    [Show full text]
  • ¡Patria O Muerte!: José Martí, Fidel Castro, and the Path to Cuban Communism
    ¡Patria o Muerte!: José Martí, Fidel Castro, and the Path to Cuban Communism A Thesis By: Brett Stokes Department: History To be defended: April 10, 2013 Primary Thesis Advisor: Robert Ferry, History Department Honors Council Representative: John Willis, History Outside Reader: Andy Baker, Political Science 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank all those who assisted me in the process of writing this thesis: Professor Robert Ferry, for taking the time to help me with my writing and offer me valuable criticism for the duration of my project. Professor John Willis, for assisting me in developing my topic and for showing me the fundamentals of undertaking such a project. My parents, Bruce and Sharon Stokes, for reading and critiquing my writing along the way. My friends and loved-ones, who have offered me their support and continued encouragement in completing my thesis. 2 Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 CHAPTER ONE: Martí and the Historical Roots of the Cuban Revolution, 1895-1952 12 CHAPTER TWO: Revolution, Falling Out, and Change in Course, 1952-1959 34 CHAPTER THREE: Consolidating a Martían Communism, 1959-1962 71 Concluding Remarks 88 Bibliography 91 3 Abstract What prompted Fidel Castro to choose a communist path for the Cuban Revolution? There is no way to know for sure what the cause of Castro’s decision to state the Marxist nature of the revolution was. However, we can know the factors that contributed to this ideological shift. This thesis will argue that the decision to radicalize the revolution and develop a relationship with the Cuban communists was the only logical choice available to Castro in order to fulfill Jose Marti’s, Cuba’s nationalist hero, vision of an independent Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • Number 39 REVOLUTION and RACE: BLACKS in CONTEMPORARY
    \I f _, } Number 39 REVOLUTION AND RACE: BLACKS IN CONTEMPORARY CUBA by Lourdes Casal Rutgers University Author's note: This paper was presented at an August 14, 1979 colloquium of the Latin American Program, Woodrow Wilson Inter­ national Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560. It should not be quoted without consent of the author. This essay is one of a series of Working Papers being distributed by the Latin American Program of the Woodrow Wilson Tnt.ernational Center for Scholars . This series will include papers by Fellows, Guest Scholars, and interns within the Program and by members of the Program staff and of its Academic Council, as well as work presented at , or resulting from seminars, workshops, colloquia, and conferences held under the Program's auspices. The series aims to extend the Program's discussions to a wider community throughout the Americas, and to help authors obtain timely criticism of work in progress ... Support to make distribution possible has been provided by the Inter-American Development Bank. Single copies of Working Papers may be obtained without charge by writing to: Latin American Program, Working Papers The Wilson Center Smithsonian Institution Building Washingt9n, D.C. 20560 The Woodrow Wilson international Center for Scholars was created by Congress in 1968 as a "living institution expressing the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson . symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relation between the world of learning and the world of public affairs." The Center's Latin American Program, established in 1977, has two major aims: to support advanced research on Latin America, the Caribbean , and inter­ American affairs by social scientists and humanists, and to help assure that fresh insights on the region are not limited to discussion within the scholarly community but come to the attention of persons interested from a variety of other professional perspectives: in governments, international organizations, the media, business, and in the professions.
    [Show full text]
  • Che Guevara and the Cuban Revolution
    Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU Student Theses, Papers and Projects (History) Department of History 3-1-2013 Che Guevara and the Cuban Revolution Timothy Husselbee Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his Part of the Latin American History Commons, Military History Commons, and the Political History Commons T Timothy Husselbee Professor John Rector History 454 1 March 2013 Che Guevara and the Cuban Revolution When the topic of ideological revolutions is discussed, many of the same individuals are brought up time and time again. We have Lenin and Trotsky with the Bolsheviks, Mao Zedong in China, and Fidel Castro and Che Guevara in Cuba. What is so fascinating about Castro and Guevara is how they were able to accomplish their revolutionary goals while the United States had such a large presence in Cuba. If someone was to tell anyone at the time that a force of 800 guerillas would defeat a U.S. back government, they would laugh in your face. But unfortunately for the United States, this in fact did happen. The main focus of this paper will be on Che Guevara and his role in the revolution. Why I chose Guevara as the topic of this paper is simple: he fought for a cause that was not originally his own because he felt it was the right and just thing to do. This is very admirable to me. In this paper I will focus on three important issues; how Guevara became a part of Castro's revolution, the role he played within the revolution, and his role in the government after the success of the revolution.
    [Show full text]
  • “Cuba's Revolutionary Armed Forces: How Revolutionary Have They
    “Cuba’s Revolutionary Armed Forces: How Revolutionary Have They Been? How Revolutionary Are They Now?” Hal Klepak Professor Emeritus of Strategy and Latin American History Royal Military College of Canada “El Caribe en su Inserción Internacional” Conference of the Tulane University Center for Inter-American Policy and Research San José, Costa Rica 3-4 January 2009 Introduction This paper will argue that Cuba’s Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias (FAR) have been, and to a great degree still are, ‘revolutionary’ in the contexts of what the armed forces of that country were before 1959, of what Latin American armed forces are and do traditionally, of what those forces normally think about themselves, and of those armed forces in regard to Cuba’s role in international affairs since the Revolution. These four elements will provide the threads for the argument to be made. Thus one will first address what these forces were and how they saw themselves in the years of the revolutionary struggle for power, and the structuring of them after 1959. We will then look at how their roles, structures and ways of seeing themselves changed over the years after their taking of Havana and installing the government of Fidel Castro in power. And finally we will assess their revolutionary credentials since the shattering experience of the Special Period and the subsequent major leadership changes the island has known in recent months. El Ejército Rebelde The army of Fidel Castro’s struggle in the mountains of Cuba’s then easternmost Oriente province, the Ejército Rebelde of now epic memory, takes for the date of its founding the day in November 1956 when the tiny force of 82 men on board the small yacht Granma disembarked to begin the long fight to rid the country of the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista Zaldivar and bring about deep reform of the island’s political, economic and social system.
    [Show full text]
  • CELIA and FIDEL the Cuban Revolution Profile: Fidel Castro Profile: Celia Sánchez Cuba-U.S
    ARENA’S PAGE STUDY GUIDE THE PLAY Meet the Playwright Key Terms CELIA AND FIDEL The Cuban Revolution Profile: Fidel Castro Profile: Celia Sánchez Cuba-U.S. Relations Asylum-Seekers at the Peruvian Embassy and the Mariel Boatlift Three Big Questions Resources THE PLAY Fidel Castro, the political leader of Cuba and its revolution, is celebrating. Cuba’s support of the socialists in Angola (see article) is succeeding and, to him, it represents Cuba’s growing influence and power in the world. Celia Sánchez, his fellow revolutionary and most trusted political advisor, wants him to focus on his upcoming speech to the United Nations. She also urges him to face the realities in Cuba, where the people are clamoring for change and freedom. Fidel refuses. BY Consuelo, a spy and Fidel’s protégée, EDUARDO MACHADO arrives. She tells Fidel that Manolo, DIRECTED BY MOLLY SMITH a former revolutionary, is in Havana to meet with him. Manolo now works NOW PLAYING IN THE KOGOD CRADLE | FEBRUARY 28 - APRIL 12, 2020 for the U.S. government and is in Cuba on behalf of President Carter to discuss ending the trade embargo. “But, things are changing. People that grew up under our revolution are Their meeting is interrupted with unhappy. I think we have not given them enough things to dream and work for. startling news: hundreds of Cubans have stormed the Peruvian embassy They know about the world. And they want their own voice.” in Havana, asking the Peruvian — Celia Sánchez, Celia and Fidel government to help them leave Cuba. Will Fidel be able to cooperate with Celia, Manolo and Consuelo Celia and Fidel was generously commissioned by Drs.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex and State Making in Revolutionary Cuba, 1959-1968
    SEX AND STATE MAKING IN REVOLUTIONARY CUBA, 1959-1968 Rachel M. Hynson A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved By: Kathryn J. Burns Emily Susan Burrill John Charles Chasteen Miguel La Serna Raúl Necochea López Lars Schoultz ©2014 Rachel M. Hynson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT RACHEL M. HYNSON: Sex and State Making in Revolutionary Cuba, 1959-1968 (Under the direction of Kathryn J. Burns) This dissertation explores the construction of the revolutionary state in order to trace the entwinement of familial health and national security during the first decade of the Cuban revolution. It analyzes campaigns deployed by government officials to remake sexual norms and produce families deemed healthier than those under capitalism. More specifically, my dissertation examines state efforts that normalized patriarchy by criminalizing abortion, legitimized marriage through collective weddings, schematized the workforce by condemning female prostitution, and restructured economic gender roles via the rehabilitation of chulos (loosely translated as “kept men”). Through close analysis of print media, speeches, travel narratives, and oral histories, my work makes two major contributions to the study of Cuban sexuality. First, by joining prerevolutionary context to an analysis of revolutionary policies, I demonstrate that the sexual behaviors lauded by state officials as new measures of revolutionary well-being were in fact traditional criteria recycled from prior Cuban regimes. Second, I assert that revolutionary leadership of the 1960s attempted to remake the state by challenging popular definitions of terms such as marriage, family planning, sex worker, and chulo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Santiago De Cuba Earthquake of 11 June 1766: Some New Insights Geofísica Internacional, Vol
    Geofísica Internacional ISSN: 0016-7169 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Cotilla Rodríguez, M. O. The Santiago de Cuba earthquake of 11 June 1766: Some new insights Geofísica Internacional, vol. 42, núm. 4, october-december, 2003, pp. 589-602 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=56842402 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Geofísica Internacional (2003), Vol. 42, Num. 4, pp. 589-602 The Santiago de Cuba earthquake of 11 June 1766: Some new insights M. O. Cotilla Rodríguez Departamento de Geofísica y Meteorología, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Received: July 5, 2002; accepted: February 28, 2003 RESUMEN La información del terremoto reportado en Santiago de Cuba el día 11 de junio de 1766 ha sido re-evaluada en detalle. Para ello se han empleado datos del Archivo de Indias, Sevilla, y de otras fuentes bibliográficas. Este terremoto fue perceptible en un área muy extensa que incluyó a La Habana y a Jamaica. Fue posible cartografiar la distribución de los daños producidos en las diferentes poblaciones. El número total de fallecidos se situó entre 34 y 40 personas y en 700 los heridos. No se produjo tsunami. La localización aproximada del epicentro es 19.9ºN, -76.1ºW, dentro de la zona de fallas de Bartlett – Caimán. La profundidad focal se fijó a 25 km, mientras que la intensidad sísmica estimada fue IX (MSK) y la magnitud (Ms) alcanzó el valor de 6.8.
    [Show full text]
  • Much Has Been Written About Fidel Castro's Sierra Maestra Guerrilla
    bs_bs_banner LANDS AND 276 JOURNAL OF LABOR AND SOCIETY Badgley, C., J. Moghtader, E. Quintero, E. Zakem, M. J. Chappell, K. A-Vazquez, A. Samulon, and I. Perfecto. 2007. Organic agriculture and the global food supply. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22 (2): 86–108. Bloch, E. 1986. The principle of hope (three volumes). Cambridge: MIT Press. Engel-Di Mauro, S. 2014. Ecology, soils, and the left, an eco-social approach. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Hudak, M. 2015. Claims that livestock grazing enhances soil sequestration of atmospheric carbon are out- weighed by methane emissions from enteric fermentation: A closer look at Franzluebbers and Stuede- mann (2009), Available at: www.mikehudak.com Meyer, R., B. R. Cullen, and R. J. Eckard. 2016. Modelling the influence of soil carbon on net greenhouse gas emissions from grazed pastures. Animal Production Science 56 (3): 585–93. Schramski, J. R., D. K. Gattie, and J. H. Brown. 2015. Human domination of the biosphere: Rapid discharge of the earth-space battery foretells the future of humankind. PNAS 112 (31): 9511–7. Schwartzman, D. 2015. Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming? A Critique of Biodiversity for a Livable Climate’ claims, www.solarutopia.org. Taber, S. 2016. 7 Facts that will make you rethink the “Sterility” of hydroponics, http://blog.brightagrotech. com/7-facts-that-will-make-you-rethink-the-sterility-of-hydroponics. Cushion, Steve. A Hidden History of the Cuban Revolution: How the Working Class Shaped the Guerillas’ Victory. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2016. 272 pp. $23.00 (paperback). Much has been written about Fidel Castro’s Sierra Maestra guerrilla victory over the Cuban Fulgencio Batista dictatorship and his triumphal journey from Santiago to Havana in early January of 1959.
    [Show full text]