DOCSLIB.ORG

46042-002: Resettlement Framework

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project (RRP PRC 46042) Resettlement Framework (Draft) May 2015 PRC: Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project Prepared by Office of Projects with Foreign Capital of Shaanxi Provincial Transport Department for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 10 July 2014) Currency unit – Yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.16243 $1.00 = CNY6.1565 ABBREVIATIONS AAOV – Average Annual Output Value ACG – Ankang City Government ACTB – Ankang City Transport Bureau ADB – Asian Development Bank AHs – Affected Households APs – Affected Persons AV – Administrative Village CRO – County Resettlement Office DI – Design Institute DMS – Detailed Measurement Survey DRO – District Resettlement Office FS – Feasibility Study HD – House Demolition HDG – Hanyin District Government HPMO – Hanyin District Project Management Office LA – Land Acquisition LAB – Land and Resources Bureau LAR – Land Acquisition and Resettlement LEF – Land-Expropriated Farmer L&RO – Land & Resources Office MOU – Memorandum of Understanding M&E – Monitoring and Evaluation NDRC – National Development and Reform Commission PADO – Poverty Alleviation and Development office PDRC – Provincial Development and Reform Commission PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PRA – Participatory Rural Appraisal PRO – Project Resettlement Office RIB – Resettlement Information Booklet RP – Resettlement Plan SCG – Shangluo City Government SCTB – Shangluo City Transport Bureau SES – Socioeconomic Survey SPS – Safeguards Policy Statement of ADB SPTD – Shaanxi Provincial Transport Department TRO – Township Resettlement Office XCG – Xunyang County Government XPMO – Xunyang County Project Management Office WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km – kilometer m2 – square meter mu – 666.7 m2 NOTES In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This resettlement framework is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ADB Loan Project (TA-8440) Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project (Road Safety Component) Resettlement Framework Office of Projects with Foreign Capital of Shaanxi Provincial Transport Department May 2015 COMMITMENT LETTER Xunyang County People’s Government applies for the loan to Asian Development Bank for the Xunyang County Component of Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project. Therefore,the implementation of the project must satisfy the social safeguard policy of ADB.This plan represents a key requirement of ADB, and becomes the basis for the project implementation of land acquisition and demolition as well as relocation and resettlement.The Resettlement Plan adheres to relevant laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China,Shaanxi Province,Ankang City and Xunyang County. In order to better accomplish the relocation and resettlement work, the plan also includes some additional actions and implementation and monitoring arrangement. Xunyang County People’s Government hereby confirms the content of this report and ensures that the land acquisition, demolition, resettlement, compensation and budget fund of the project are all executed according to the Resettlement Plan. The plan is formulated based on the data of feasibility study report of the project and the preliminary survey on social impacts.The plan will be updated based on detailed design, detailed measurement survey and census of the affected persons.The updated Resettlement Plan should obtain the approval from ADB before the commencement of any land acquisition or demolition,and prior to the award of civil works. County Magistrate of Xunyang County People’s Government COMMITMENT LETTER Hanbin District People’s Government applied for the loan to Asian Development Bank for the Hanbin District component of Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project.Therefore,the implementation of the project must satisfy the social safeguard policy of ADB.This plan represents a key requirement of ADB, and becomes the basis for the project implementation of land acquisition and demolition as well as relocation and resettlement.The Resettlement Plan adheres to relevant laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China,Shaanxi Province, Ankang City and Hanbin District and ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement (SPS 2009) on involuntary resettlement.In order to better accomplish the relocation and resettlement work, the plan also includes some additional actions and implementation and monitoring arrangement. Hanbin District People’s Government hereby confirms the content of this report and ensures that the land acquisition, demolition, resettlement, compensation and budget fund of the project are all executed according to the Resettlement Plan. The plan is formulated based on the data of feasibility study report and preliminary design of the project and the preliminary survey on social impacts. The plan will be updated based on detailed design, detailed measurement survey and census of the affected persons. The updated Resettlement Plan should obtain the approval from ADB before the commencement of any land acquisition or demolition, and prior to the award of civil works. District Magistrate of Hanbin District People's Government GLOSSARY Affected person (or – Those who are physically displaced household) (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and/or economically displaced (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas Compensation – Money or payment in kind to which the people affected are entitled in order to replace the lost asset, resource or income Entitlement – Range of measures comprising compensation, income restoration, transfer assistance, income substitution, and relocation which are due to affected people, depending on the nature of their losses, to restore their economic and social base Income restoration – Reestablishing income sources and livelihoods of people affected Resettlement – Rebuilding housing, assets, including productive land, and public infrastructure in another location Resettlement Impact – Loss of physical and non-physical assets, including homes, communities, productive land, income-earning assets and sources, subsistence, resources, cultural sites, social structures, networks and ties, cultural identity, and mutual help mechanisms Resettlement Plan – A time-bound action plan with budget setting out resettlement strategy, objectives, entitlement, actions, responsibilities, monitoring and evaluation Vulnerable Group – Distinct groups of people who might suffer disproportionately from resettlement effects, as specified in this plan CONTENTS 1 PROJECT OVERVIEW AND BACKGROUND ......................................................................... 1 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 PREPARATION OF RPS AND RF .................................................................................................... 6 1.3 SCOPE OF THE RURAL ROAD SAFETY IMPROVEMENT SUB-PROJECT AND RF ................................... 6 2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AREA ............................................ 8 2.1 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE OF ANKANG CITY AND SHANGLUO CITY ................................................. 8 2.2 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE OF PROJECT COUNTY AND DISTRICT ...................................................... 8 2.3 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE OF PROJECT AFFECTED AREA ............................................................. 9 3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND POLICIES ................................................................................ 11 3.1 OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT LAWS, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES ..................................................... 11 3.2 THE PRC’S LAWS AND REGULATIONS ON LAR ............................................................................ 11 3.3 RELEVANT POLICIES OF SHAANXI PROVINCE AND XUNYANG COUNTY ........................................... 13 3.4 ADB’S POLICY REQUIREMENTS ON INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT ............................................... 13 4 COMPENSATION PRINCIPLE AND ENTITLEMENT ............................................................ 16 4.1 RESETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES ...................................................................................................... 16 4.2 COMPENSATION RATE FOR PERMANENT LAND ACQUISITION ........................................................ 16 4.3 COMPENSATION RATE FOR TEMPORARY LAND OCCUPATION ........................................................ 17 4.4 COMPENSATION RATE FOR HOUSE DEMOLITION .......................................................................... 17 4.5 COMPENSATION FOR GROUND ATTACHMENTS AND INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................... 19 4.6 COMPENSATION FOR YOUNG CROPS .......................................................................................... 19 4.7 ENTITLEMENT MATRIX ..............................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China

    An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China

    land Article An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Urbanization Patterns in Northwest China Haifen Lei 1,2, Jennifer Koch 2 and Hui Shi 1,* 1 School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; [email protected] 2 Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 6 September 2020; Accepted: 19 October 2020; Published: 27 October 2020 Abstract: Chinese metropolitan areas have been experiencing urbanization over the past decades, impacting biodiversity, carbon emissions, urban heat islands, and food security. Yet, systematic research on spatio-temporal urbanization patterns and drivers along the urban–rural gradient is rarely reported for northwest China. Here, we use land-use data from 1980 to 2015 to explore land-use change, urbanization intensity, and drivers in northwest China. Our results display direct and indirect effects of urban expansion on farmland loss, but also spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the urbanization patterns. While the earlier years were dominated by infill and land conversion close to city centers, the later years displayed sprawling urbanization following the constraints of terrain and administrative boundaries at the cost of farmland. Our regression analysis of spatial variables found a strong relationship with urban planning factors. The spatial analysis of urbanization patterns revealed indirect land-use change on former farmland. Furthermore, we found that regional geography and historic sites considerably influenced land conversion. Overall, our findings indicate the need for sustainable planning strategies that synthesize approaches to farmland and historic site protection and consideration of regionally specific landscape characteristics.
  • Protection and Utilization of Confucian Temple in Southern Shaanxi from the Perspective of Cultural Heritage

    Protection and Utilization of Confucian Temple in Southern Shaanxi from the Perspective of Cultural Heritage

    Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2020, 8, 225-237 https://www.scirp.org/journal/jss ISSN Online: 2327-5960 ISSN Print: 2327-5952 Protection and Utilization of Confucian Temple in Southern Shaanxi from the Perspective of Cultural Heritage Hongdan Guo School of Literature and Media, Ankang University, Ankang, China How to cite this paper: Guo, H. D. (2020). Abstract Protection and Utilization of Confucian Temple in Southern Shaanxi from the As a precious historical and cultural heritage, we should not only pay attention Perspective of Cultural Heritage. Open to protection and inheritance, but also fully consider how to develop and utilize Journal of Social Sciences, 8, 225-237. the Confucian temples. For this purpose, we carried out field research on the https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.812017 remaining Confucian temples in southern Shaanxi, where social attention is Received: November 10, 2020 low. After investigation, it was found that: the situation of surviving Confucian Accepted: December 15, 2020 temples in southern Shaanxi is different. There are some Confucian temples Published: December 18, 2020 where the ancient buildings are relatively well preserved, or got seriously dam- aged but have been restored or rebuilt. There are also some Confucian temples Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. where only a few buildings or a single building exist, or even no physical build- This work is licensed under the Creative ings in the ruins. In terms of the utilization of the existing Confucian temples, Commons Attribution International except for some Confucian temples, which are now integrated with museums License (CC BY 4.0).
  • 1 China Xi'an-Ankang Railway Construction Project

    1 China Xi'an-Ankang Railway Construction Project

    China Xi’an-Ankang Railway Construction Project (1)-(3) (CXVII-P73, CXVIII-P73, CXIX-P73) External Evaluator: Mitsue Mishima (OPMAC) Field Survey: October 2004 1. Project Profile and Japan’s ODA Loan Mongolia Beijing North Korea China South Korea Project site Xian Nepal Ankang Bhutan India Taiwan Myanmar Vietnam Laos Project site location map (Xian-Ankang, Shannxi Province) Qingcha Tunnel 1.1 Background The project site (Xian- Ankang) is located in the southern part of Shaanxi Province where the 3000-meter high Qinling Mountains extend over 1500 kilometers, and was therefore undeveloped due to difficulties in transportation and remoteness from cities. Southwest of the project site is Sichuan Province, the largest province with a population of 110 million accounting for 10% of the population of China. However, as there is no other transport route to Sichuan Province than taking a detour around the Qinling Mountains, there were only limited routes to transport energy and everyday commodities from the north. Railway transport from other regions to Sichuan Province depended on Baoching Line (Baoji-Chengdu) from the north and Xiangyu Line (Xiangfan-Ankang-Chongquing) from the east, and both lines were operating to full capacity. It was particularly difficult to double-track Baoching Line, which takes a detour to avoid the Qinling Mountains because of 1) long distance of transport, 2) large cost to transport on a gradient at an angel of 3%, and 3) the topographical problem. The opening of the electrified single track of Xian-Ankang Line not only helped increase the transport capacity within Shaanxi Province but also shortened the traveling distance to Chongquing and eased the transportation load on Baoching Line.
  • Report About Results Obtained Within the DFG Project Package

    Report About Results Obtained Within the DFG Project Package

    TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN LEHRSTUHL FÜR WALDBAU Assessment and Management of Oak Coppice Stands in Shangnan County, Southern Shaanxi Province, China Xiaolan Wang Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernäh- rung, Landnutzung und Umwelt der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Forstwissenschaft genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr.rer.silv. Thomas F. Knoke Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr.rer.silv. Dr.rer.silv.habil. Reinhard Mosandl : 2. Univ.-Prof. Dr.rer.nat. Anton Fischer Die Dissertation wurde am 12.06.2013 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt am 08.08.2013 angenommen. Table of contents Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 2 Research questions ............................................................................................................... 6 3 Literature review .................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Studies on coppice stands and management ............................................................... 7 3.2 Understory regeneration of oak ................................................................................. 10 3.3 Studies on Quercus variabilis .....................................................................................
  • Third Party Evaluator's Opinion on Xi'an-Ankang Railway Construction

    Third Party Evaluator's Opinion on Xi'an-Ankang Railway Construction

    Third Party Evaluator’s Opinion on Xi’an-Ankang Railway Construction Project (1)-(3) Qunren Li Research Professor China Academy of Railway Sciences Impact As has expounded upon in the Ex-post Evaluation Report, the construction and operation of the Xi’an-Ankang railway has helped push economic development in the zone of impact by increasing the freight transportation volume, those of ores of various kinds in particular. In a similar manner, the increased passenger transportation volume with the construction of the line has also brought economic benefits to the region. Apart from Xi'an and Ankang, major cities at the two ends, an important administrative district that the Xi'an-Ankang railway passing through is Shangluo (consisting of Zhashui county and Zhen'an county), a city located in the Qinling mountainous area which, before the construction of the Xi'an-Ankang railway, suffered slow economy development and urban construction due to poor communication. The city enjoys many natual advantages for development: close to provincial capital Xi'an city, with a climate of pleasant cool in summer, little air pollution and nice scenery, which makes it a nature summer resort and offers a prospect of turning into the "back garden" of Xi'an city. Yet the handicapped traffic to Xi’an before the construction of the Xi’an-Ankang railway, taking more than more than 5 hours, made its advantages unable to be brought into play . Now the communication has become a lot convenient with the travel time between Xi'an and Shangluo shortened to a little more than 1 hour.
  • The Spreading of Christianity and the Introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949)

    The Spreading of Christianity and the Introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949)

    Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid Programa de doctorado en Concervación y Restauración del Patrimonio Architectónico The Spreading of Christianity and the introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949) Christian churches and traditional Chinese architecture Author: Shan HUANG (Architect) Director: Antonio LOPERA (Doctor, Arquitecto) 2014 Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día de de 20 . Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Secretario: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día de de 20 en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid. Calificación:………………………………. El PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO Index Index Abstract Resumen Introduction General Background........................................................................................... 1 A) Definition of the Concepts ................................................................ 3 B) Research Background........................................................................ 4 C) Significance and Objects of the Study .......................................... 6 D) Research Methodology ...................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Chinese traditional architecture 1.1 The concept of traditional Chinese architecture ......................... 13 1.2 Main characteristics of the traditional Chinese architecture .... 14 1.2.1 Wood was used as the main construction materials ........ 14 1.2.2
  • Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level

    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level

    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115
  • Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project (Cofinanced by the Global Environment Facility)

    Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project (Cofinanced by the Global Environment Facility)

    Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 39321 June 2008 PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project (Cofinanced by the Global Environment Facility) Prepared by: ANZDEC Limited Australia For Shaanxi Province Development and Reform Commission This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. FINAL REPORT SHAANXI QINLING BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECT PREPARED FOR Shaanxi Provincial Government And the Asian Development Bank ANZDEC LIMITED September 2007 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as at 1 June 2007) Currency Unit – Chinese Yuan {CNY}1.00 = US $0.1308 $1.00 = CNY 7.64 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BAP – Biodiversity Action Plan (of the PRC Government) CAS – Chinese Academy of Sciences CASS – Chinese Academy of Social Sciences CBD – Convention on Biological Diversity CBRC – China Bank Regulatory Commission CDA - Conservation Demonstration Area CNY – Chinese Yuan CO – company CPF – country programming framework CTF – Conservation Trust Fund EA – Executing Agency EFCAs – Ecosystem Function Conservation Areas EIRR – economic internal rate of return EPB – Environmental Protection Bureau EU – European Union FIRR – financial internal rate of return FDI – Foreign Direct Investment FYP – Five-Year Plan FS – Feasibility
  • E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation Experience in Shaanxi Province

    E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation Experience in Shaanxi Province

    Best Practice on the Inclusive Trade of the APEC Region Xi’an Experience in E-commerce Poverty Alleviation APEC E-Commerce Business Alliance December 4, 2018 Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................... 2 E-commerce Poverty Alleviation Experience in Shaanxi Province ......................... 5 1. Do a Good Job in Design and Work in an All-round Way .................................. 5 2. Lay a Solid Foundation and Create a Good Environment .................................. 5 3. Bring in Competitive Enterprises to Lead E-commerce Poverty Alleviation ..... 6 4. Coordinate Production and Marketing to Promote Connectivity between Agriculture and Commerce ..................................................................................... 6 5. Conduct Personnel Training and Strengthen the Service System ....................... 6 6. Innovate the Business Modes.............................................................................. 7 Typical Cases of E-commerce Poverty Alleviation in Shaanxi Province ................ 9 1. Lantian County, Xi’an City .............................................................................. 9 2. Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City ................................................................. 12 3. Ankang City ................................................................................................... 14 4. Huinong E-commerce Co., Ltd. ....................................................................
  • Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project

    Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project

    Social Monitoring Report Semi-Annual Report March 2017 PRC: Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project Prepared by Shaanxi Kexin Consultant Company for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank. This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project (Loan No. 3924-PRC) External Monitoring Report for Resettlement (Shangnan County) (Report No.1) Prepared for: Foreign Fund Financed Project Office of SPTD By: Shaanxi Kexin Consultant Company March 10, 2017 Contents 1 PROJECT INTRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS .................................................... 1 1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Shangnan County Subproject ..................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Project investment and implementation process ........................................................................ 3 1.1.3 Executing and implementing agencies ......................................................................................
  • Analysis of Rural Women's Economic Participation in Shaanxi Province, China: Preliminary Results and Insights Mei Yang Allan R

    Analysis of Rural Women's Economic Participation in Shaanxi Province, China: Preliminary Results and Insights Mei Yang Allan R

    Analysis of Rural Women’s Economic Participation in Shaanxi Province, China: Preliminary Results and Insights Mei Yang Allan Rae David Tripe Martin Young Huiyan Zhao School of Economics and Finance, Massey University ABSTRACT China has made significant progress in economic reform. This has entailed large scale migration and urbanization, but there is an accompanying problem of position of women in agricultural production in rural areas. To explore this, the study examines rural women’s barriers and potential in economic participation in Shaanxi province through a survey of 356 rural women including both those engaging in farming and off-farming activities from three regions of Shaanxi with different developing characteristics. We use a mixed research methodology with both qualitative and quantitative elements. Unlike a handful of previous relevant studies, the collection of primary data allows a more in depth and systematic analysis of the current situation of rural women and the barriers they are facing. Preliminary results indicate that the situation of rural women in China presents a range of characteristics due to political factors, geographical location, low education attainment, and their role as care-providers. The results presented here here is mainly concerning the part of rural women engaging in farming. 1. Introduction Over the last three decades, China’s industrialization and urbanization have been on an unprecedented scale(Bank, 2014): Around 250 million migrants have moved to cities from rural areas (NBSC, 2012) in supporting the country’s rapid economic growth which has averaged around 10% annually. Meanwhile, starting from 2000, the number of left-behind rural women1 or using a specific term in Chinese, Liushou women has increased sharply and it still increases each year.
  • 2018 Social Insurance Rates in China

    2018 Social Insurance Rates in China

    P a g e | 1 2018 Social Insurance Rates in China February 27, 2019 1 P a g e | 2 Contents 1. An Overview of Social Insurance ............................................................................................... 4 2. Official Social Insurance Policy Documents from Recent Years ............................................... 6 3. Social Insurance Policies of each Province and City ................................................................. 9 Beijing ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Tianjin ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Shanghai ................................................................................................................................... 12 Chongqing ................................................................................................................................. 13 Henan ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................. 15 Gansu ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Anhui ........................................................................................................................................