Lake Levels in the Great Lakes
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LAKE LEVELS IN THE GREAT LAKES (110–118) FIELD HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 18, 2008 (GREEN BAY, WI) Printed for the use of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 42–211 PDF WASHINGTON : 2008 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE JAMES L. OBERSTAR, Minnesota, Chairman NICK J. RAHALL, II, West Virginia, Vice JOHN L. MICA, Florida Chair DON YOUNG, Alaska PETER A. DEFAZIO, Oregon THOMAS E. PETRI, Wisconsin JERRY F. COSTELLO, Illinois HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, District of JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR., Tennessee Columbia WAYNE T. GILCHREST, Maryland JERROLD NADLER, New York VERNON J. EHLERS, Michigan CORRINE BROWN, Florida STEVEN C. LATOURETTE, Ohio BOB FILNER, California FRANK A. LOBIONDO, New Jersey EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas JERRY MORAN, Kansas GENE TAYLOR, Mississippi GARY G. MILLER, California ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland ROBIN HAYES, North Carolina ELLEN O. TAUSCHER, California HENRY E. BROWN, JR., South Carolina LEONARD L. BOSWELL, Iowa TIMOTHY V. JOHNSON, Illinois TIM HOLDEN, Pennsylvania TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania BRIAN BAIRD, Washington SAM GRAVES, Missouri RICK LARSEN, Washington BILL SHUSTER, Pennsylvania MICHAEL E. CAPUANO, Massachusetts JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas TIMOTHY H. BISHOP, New York SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia MICHAEL H. MICHAUD, Maine JIM GERLACH, Pennsylvania BRIAN HIGGINS, New York MARIO DIAZ-BALART, Florida RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri CHARLES W. DENT, Pennsylvania JOHN T. SALAZAR, Colorado TED POE, Texas GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California DAVID G. REICHERT, Washington DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois CONNIE MACK, Florida DORIS O. MATSUI, California JOHN R. ‘RANDY’ KUHL, JR., New York NICK LAMPSON, Texas LYNN A WESTMORELAND, Georgia ZACHARY T. SPACE, Ohio CHARLES W. BOUSTANY, JR., Louisiana MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii JEAN SCHMIDT, Ohio BRUCE L. BRALEY, Iowa CANDICE S. MILLER, Michigan JASON ALTMIRE, Pennsylvania THELMA D. DRAKE, Virginia TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota MARY FALLIN, Oklahoma HEATH SHULER, North Carolina VERN BUCHANAN, Florida MICHAEL A. ARCURI, New York ROBERT E. LATTA, Ohio HARRY E. MITCHELL, Arizona CHRISTOPHER P. CARNEY, Pennsylvania JOHN J. HALL, New York STEVE KAGEN, Wisconsin STEVE COHEN, Tennessee JERRY MCNERNEY, California LAURA A. RICHARDSON, California ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey (II) VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas, Chairwoman GENE TAYLOR, Mississippi JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas BRIAN BAIRD, Washington JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR., Tennessee DORIS O. MATSUI, California WAYNE T. GILCHREST, Maryland JERRY F. COSTELLO, Illinois VERNON J. EHLERS, Michigan TIMOTHY H. BISHOP, New York FRANK A. LOBIONDO, New Jersey BRIAN HIGGINS, New York GARY G. MILLER, California RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri ROBIN HAYES, North Carolina JOHN T. SALAZAR, Colorado HENRY E. BROWN, JR., South Carolina MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania HEATH SHULER, North Carolina BILL SHUSTER, Pennsylvania HARRY E. MITCHELL, Arizaon CONNIE MACK, Florida JOHN J. HALL, New York JOHN R. ‘RANDY’ KUHL, JR., New York STEVE KAGEN, Wisconsin CHARLES W. BOUSTANY, JR., Louisiana JERRY MCNERNEY, California, Vice Chair JEAN SCHMIDT, Ohio ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, District of CANDICE S. MILLER, Michigan Columbia THELMA D. DRAKE, Virginia BOB FILNER, California ROBERT E. LATTA, Ohio ELLEN O. TAUSCHER, California JOHN L. MICA, Florida MICHAEL E. CAPUANO, Massachusetts (Ex Officio) GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California MICHAEL A. ARCURI, New York JAMES L. OBERSTAR, Minnesota (Ex Officio) (III) VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON CONTENTS Page Summary of Subject Matter .................................................................................... vi TESTIMONY Cowles, Hon. Rob, State Senator, 2nd Senate District, Madison, Wisconsin ..... 9 Frank, Hon. Matt, Secretary, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin .............................................................................................. 5 Gauthier, Roger, Program Manager and Hydrologist, Great Lakes Commis- sion and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Eisenhower Corporate Park, Ann Arbor, Michigan .................................................................................................... 18 Haen, Dean, Port Manager, Port of Green Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin ............. 18 Hansen, Hon. Dave, State Senator, 30th Senate District, Madison, Wisconsin . 9 Imig, Charlie, Clean Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin ........................................... 18 Leady, Lieutenant Colonel William J., Detroit District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit, Michigan .......................................................................... 18 Ledin, Chuck, Director of the Office of the Great Lakes, Wisconsin Depart- ment of Natural Resources, U.S. Co-Chair of the Ecosystem Technical Workgroup for the International Joint Commission Upper Lakes Levels and Flows Study, Madison, Wisconsin ............................................................... 18 Meyer, George, Executive Director, Wildlife Federation, Former Wisconsin Secretary of the Department of Natural Resources .......................................... 18 Weakley, James H.I., President, Lake Carriers’ Association, Cleveland, Ohio .. 18 PREPARED STATEMENT SUBMITTED BY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS Kirk, Hon. Mark S., of Illinois ................................................................................ 37 Stupak, Hon. Bart, of Michigan .............................................................................. 39 PREPARED STATEMENTS SUBMITTED BY WITNESSES Cowles, Hon. Robert L. ............................................................................................ 45 Gauthier, Roger L. ................................................................................................... 47 Haen, Dean ............................................................................................................... 61 Hansen, Hon. Dave .................................................................................................. 63 Imig, Charlie M. ....................................................................................................... 66 Leady, Lieutenant Colonel William J. ................................................................... 71 Weakley, James H.I. ................................................................................................ 80 ADDITIONS TO THE RECORD State of New York, Alexander B. Grannis, Commissioner, written statement .. 83 United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, Leon M. Carl, Center Director, written statement ............................................ 85 (V) VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON vi VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 56 here 42211.056 vii VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 57 here 42211.057 viii VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 58 here 42211.058 ix VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 59 here 42211.059 x VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 60 here 42211.060 xi VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 61 here 42211.061 xii VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 62 here 42211.062 xiii VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON Insert offset folio 63 here 42211.063 VerDate Aug 31 2005 13:38 Sep 01, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 6602 Sfmt 6602 P:\DOCS\42211 JASON LAKE LEVELS IN THE GREAT LAKES Friday, April 18, 2008 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, Washington, DC. The Subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 9:00 a.m., in in the Phoenix Room, University Union Building, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson [Chairwoman of the Subcommittee] presiding. Ms. JOHNSON. I call this hearing of the Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment to order. And I ask unanimous consent that Representative Petri, a Mem- ber of the Committee of Transportation and Infrastructure, be al- lowed to sit on the Subcommittee of Water Resources and Environ- ment for the duration of