DOCSLIB.ORG

UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1th4r12m Author Hock, Jessie Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance By Jessie Hock A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Victoria Kahn, Co-Chair Professor Timothy Hampton, Co-Chair Professor Frank Bezner Professor Joanna Picciotto Spring 2015 Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance © 2015 by Jessie Hock Abstract Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance by Jessie Hock Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature University of California, Berkeley Professor Victoria Kahn, Co-Chair Professor Timothy Hampton, Co-Chair Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance reveals a forgotten atomist genealogy at the heart of the lyric tradition. Today, Lucretius is well known as a source of materialist thinking in the Renaissance, but I argue that Renaissance poets read De rerum natura (DRN) as a meditation on the imagination, generating a line of atomist thought in and about verse. In Lucretius’s versification of the atom – an invisible body situated at the tender intersection of the imaginary and the corporeal – Renaissance readers discovered a poetics that theorized how the resources of verse could elucidate material reality. On the one hand, Lucretian poetics helped them articulate poetry’s purchase on material conditions, from patronage networks to politics. On the other, DRN asserted an intimate connection between poetry and natural philosophy, offering a vision of how poetry might constitute a natural philosophical method, even at a time when the rise of empirical scientific methodologies downgraded the capacity of the human imagination to conceive of and explain natural phenomena. Looking to DRN for theories of the imagination rather than matter, I reconsider what “materialism” means in the context of early modernity, and give a very different answer to the question of what made Lucretius important to the Renaissance. Moving outwards from a reading of Ovid and Petrarch’s rarely acknowledged debt to Lucretius, the four chapters cover a wide range of Renaissance lyric, touching on such important figures as Petrarch, Pierre de Ronsard, Remy Belleau, John Donne, and Margaret Cavendish. The first two chapters argue that sixteenth-century French Pléiade poets recast Petrarchism in Lucretian terms, reimagining the Petrarchan poet’s tears and sighs as atoms. Under the influence of Lucretius, Petrarchism became a tool for asserting the bond between poetry and matter, particularly for figuring poetic discourse as politically effective, an important concern for poets writing during the Wars of Religion. Chapter One, “A Replica of Love,” looks at how Ronsard’s Sonnets pour Hélène (1578) and Discours des misères de ce temps (1562) meld the tropes of love poetry with historical and political content. The second chapter, “Natural Resources,” engages a lesser-known Pléiade poet, Remy Belleau, to argue that Belleau’s lapidary collection, the Pierres précieuses (1576), adapts Lucretius’s account of magnetism to figure poetic innovation as the driving force behind France’s consolidation of political might, as well as the revivification of her cultural and natural resources. The third and fourth chapters turn to seventeenth-century England to demonstrate the persistence of Lucretian poetics in a period more commonly associated with the birth of modern scientific atomism. “All in You Contracted Is,” Chapter Three, argues that John Donne uses atomist cosmology to envision and construct the networks in which his poems circulated. Contrary to 1 common arguments that see in Donne’s atomist imagery a hostile reaction to contemporary scientific innovations, I show that atomism is immensely productive for Donne as a way of envisioning literary networks. In my final chapter, “Poems and Fancies,” I demonstrate that Margaret Cavendish’s early atomist verse develops a Lucretian poetics that leads, in her later natural philosophical writings, to an imaginative epistemology in which fancy and the imagination, not experiment, are the proper tools for natural inquiry. By exposing the philosophical and literary stakes behind Cavendish’s feminization of atomist cosmology and imaginative fancy, this chapter directly takes up the issues of gender and agency that run through the first three chapters. 2 Contents Introduction ii Chapter One: A Replica of Love: Petrarch and Lucretius in the Poetry of Pierre de Ronsard 1 I. Bodies Atomic 2 II. Writing the Amorous Universe 13 III. Image and History 15 Chapter Two: Natural Resources: Stones and State in Remy Belleau’s Pierres précieuses 22 I. Poetry and the State in Belleau and Lucretius 22 II. Belleau’s Venus 27 III. Poets, Kings, and the Pleasures of Narrative 33 Chapter Three: “All in You Contracted Is”: Atomist Cosmology and Literary Networks in John Donne’s Poetry 43 I. Fragmentation and Coherence 43 II. Petrarchism and Patronage 46 III. Amorous Atomies 53 Chapter Four: Poems and Fancies: Margaret Cavendish’s Lucretian Poetics 57 I. Reading for Lucretius in the Epicurean Revival 57 II. Disorder as Order: Cavendish’s Lucretian Poetics 60 III. “My Lord, I cannot Work”: Defending Poetry and Women’s Writing 66 IV. Natural Poetry 71 Bibliography 77 i Introduction Bodies Atomic: Lucretian Poetics in the Renaissance reveals a forgotten atomist genealogy at the heart of the lyric tradition. Today, the Roman poet Lucretius is well known as a source of materialist thinking in the Renaissance, but I argue that Renaissance poets read Lucretius’s versification of Epicurean philosophy, De rerum natura (DRN), as a meditation on the imagination, generating a line of atomist thought in and about verse. In Lucretius’s descriptions of the atom – an invisible body situated at the tender intersection of the imaginary and the corporeal – Renaissance readers discovered a poetics that theorized how the resources of verse could elucidate material reality. On the one hand, Lucretian poetics helped them articulate poetry’s purchase on material conditions, from patronage networks to politics. On the other, DRN asserted an intimate connection between poetry and natural philosophy, offering a vision of how poetry might constitute a natural philosophical method, even at a time when the rise of empirical scientific methodologies downgraded the capacity of the human imagination to conceive of and explain natural phenomena. Epicurean philosophy and Lucretian poetry both make invisible particles of matter – atoms – the explanatory function for all natural phenomena. The difference between the two is that Lucretius proposes poetry and its imaginative resources as a solution to the paradox of invisible matter: the metaphors and analogies of poetry visualize the motion of atoms, while the beauty of verse makes abstruse Epicurean doctrine palatable to a wide public.1 Intellectual and literary historians have long recognized that DRN links textuality and cosmology, formalizing the bond between poetry and matter in the repeated analogy of alphabetical letters and atoms.2 And although the image that expresses poetry’s philosophical and political usefulness – honey rimming a cup of wormwood – is equally famous, little work has been done on how emphatically DRN links lyric expression to social power, expressing poetry’s capacity for worldly influence by emphasizing the seductive and persuasive power of verse.3 Lucretius exploits atomist tropes and concepts in order to enact poetry’s traction in both the natural and the social world. In the Renaissance, DRN theorized not just poetry’s usefulness for Epicurean discourse and practice, but poetry’s power more generally. Because of the fundamental skepticism of atomist epistemology, Lucretius was able to give a more robust defense of poetry than other classical theorists of poetics influential in the Renaissance (such as Plato, Aristotle, and Horace).4 Epicurus had argued that material reality is unknowable, and 1 The classic study of what is most often called Lucretius’s analogical argument is Alessandro Schiesaro, Simulacrum et imago : gli argomenti analogici nel De rerum natura (Pisa: Giardini, 1990). 2 The analogy occurs five times, at DRN I.823– 29, I.196– 98, I.912– 14, II.688– 90, and II.1013– 14. 3 Although his teacher Epicurus saw no place for verse in the disciplined philosophical life, Lucretius preferred poetic beauty to Epicurean rigor as the best way to encourage the dissemination of Epicurean thought, hoping to seduce readers to Epicureanism with the beauty of his verse. Lucretius writes that his versification of Epicureanism is like honey coating a bitter dose of wormwood: the poetry makes the philosophy palatable (DRN I.931-47). When Lucretius describes Venus seducing Mars to bring peace to Rome (DRN I.29–43), the same motifs of sweetness and poetic speech return to illustrate poetry’s broader persuasive use in the domain of politics. 4 Aristotle’s Poetics is more concerned with generic markers than in producing a thorough defense of poetry, while Plato takes a stand against poetry by consigning verse to the category of false speech and kicking the poets out of his Republic. Horace takes a stronger view in favor of the didactic uses of poetry, and his “aut prodesse … aut delectare” in the Ars poetica might sound like Lucretius’s parable of the honey and the wormwood in DRN. However, Horace’s claims cannot match the strength of Lucretius’s because they lack the epistemological grounding of Lucretius’s. In DRN, skepticism about the ability of human knowledge to grasp natural phenomena vitiates the possibility of truth claims and valorizes imaginative writing. Horace, ii he proposed atoms as the fundamental unit of matter because they were simple enough to be a viable explanatory principle for all of nature’s infinite variety.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • History of the Washington Legislature, 1854-1963
    HISTORY of the History of the Washington LegislatureHistory of the Washington 1854 -1963 History of the Washington LegislatureHistory of the Washington 1854 -1963 WASHINGTONWASHINGTON LEGISLATURELEGISLATURE 18541854 - - 1963 1963 by Don Brazier by Don Brazier by Don Brazier Published by the Washington State Senate Olympia, Washington 98504-0482 © 2000 Don Brazier. All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced or used in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission of the author. 10987654321 Printed and bound in the United States i Acknowledgments A lot of people offered encouragement and moral support on this project. I cannot name them all, but a few are worthy of mention. Nancy Zussy, Ellen Levesque, Gayle Palmer, and Shirley Lewis at the Washington State Library were extremely helpful. Sid Snyder and Ralph Munro have each been treasured friends for more than 30 years. They probably know more about the history of this legislature than any other two people. I am honored and flattered that they would write brief forwards. There are many who have offered encouragement as I spent day after day seated at the microfilm machine in the Washington Room at the library. It is a laborious task; not easy on the eyes. They include my sons, Bruce and Tom, Scott Gaspard, Representative Shirley Hankins, Shelby Scates, Mike Layton, the late Gerald Sorte, Senator Bob Bailey, Sena- tor Ray Moore and his wife Virginia, Rowland Thompson, and numerous others who I know I’ve forgotten to mention. My special gratitude goes to Deanna Haigh who deciphered my handwriting and typed the manuscript.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbon, Anthony Lyle PRG 1190/11 Special List ______
    ___________________________________________________________________ Arbon, Anthony Lyle PRG 1190/11 Special List ___________________________________________________________________ Outsize illustrations of ships 750 illustrations from published sources. These illustrations are not duplicated in the Arbon-Le Maiste collection. Sources include newspaper cuttings and centre-spreads from periodicals, brochures, calendar pages, posters, sketches, plans, prints, and other reproductions of artworks. Most are in colour. Please note the estimated date ranges relate to the ships illustrated, not year of publication. See Series 11/14 for Combined select index to Series 11 arranged alphabetically by ships name. REQUESTING ITEMS: Please provide both ships name and full location details. Unnumbered illustrations are filed in alphabetical order under the name of the first ship mentioned in the caption. ___________________________________________________________________ 1. Illustrations of sailing ships. c1780-. 230 illustrations. Arranged alphabetically by name of ship. 2. Illustrations mainly of ocean going motor powered ships. Excludes navy vessels (see Series 3,4 & 5) c1852- 150 illustrations. Merchant shipping, including steamships, passenger liners, cargo vessels, tankers, container ships etc. Includes a few river steamers and paddleboats. Arranged alphabetically by name of ship. 3. Illustrations of Australian warships. c1928- 21 illustrations Arranged alphabetically by name of ship. 4. Australian general naval illustrations, including warship badges,
    [Show full text]
  • Ships and Sailors in Early Twentieth-Century Maritime Fiction
    In the Wake of Conrad: Ships and Sailors in Early Twentieth-Century Maritime Fiction Alexandra Caroline Phillips BA (Hons) Cardiff University, MA King’s College, London A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Cardiff University 30 March 2015 1 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Acknowledgements 4 Introduction - Contexts and Tradition 5 The Transition from Sail to Steam 6 The Maritime Fiction Tradition 12 The Changing Nature of the Sea Story in the Twentieth Century 19 PART ONE Chapter 1 - Re-Reading Conrad and Maritime Fiction: A Critical Review 23 The Early Critical Reception of Conrad’s Maritime Texts 24 Achievement and Decline: Re-evaluations of Conrad 28 Seaman and Author: Psychological and Biographical Approaches 30 Maritime Author / Political Novelist 37 New Readings of Conrad and the Maritime Fiction Tradition 41 Chapter 2 - Sail Versus Steam in the Novels of Joseph Conrad Introduction: Assessing Conrad in the Era of Steam 51 Seamanship and the Sailing Ship: The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’ 54 Lord Jim, Steam Power, and the Lost Art of Seamanship 63 Chance: The Captain’s Wife and the Crisis in Sail 73 Looking back from Steam to Sail in The Shadow-Line 82 Romance: The Joseph Conrad / Ford Madox Ford Collaboration 90 2 PART TWO Chapter 3 - A Return to the Past: Maritime Adventures and Pirate Tales Introduction: The Making of Myths 101 The Seduction of Silver: Defoe, Stevenson and the Tradition of Pirate Adventures 102 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and the Tales of Captain Sharkey 111 Pirates and Petticoats in F. Tennyson Jesse’s
    [Show full text]
  • POPES HORATIAN POEMS.Pdf (10.50Mb)
    THOMAS E. MARESCA OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS $5.00 POEMS BY THOMAS E. MARESCA Recent critical studies of Alexander Pope have sought to define his poetic accom­ plishment in terms of a broadened aware­ ness of what the eighteenth century called wit. That Pope's achievement can be lo­ cated in wit is still generally agreed; but it now seems clear that the fullest signifi­ cance of his poetry can be found in the more serious meaning the Augustans at­ tached to that word: the ability to discern and articulate—to "invent," in the classical sense—the fundamental order of the world, of society, and of man, and to express that order fittingly in poetry. Mr. Maresca maintains that it is Pope's success in this sort of invention that is the manifest accomplishment of his Imitations of Horace. And Mr. Maresca finds that, for these purposes, the Renaissance vision of Horace served Pope well by providing a concordant mixture of rational knowledge and supernatural revelation, reason and faith in harmonious balance, and by offer­ ing as well all the advantages of applying ancient rules to modern actions. Within the expansive bounds of such traditions Pope succeeded in building the various yet one universe of great poetry. Thomas E. Maresca is assistant professor of English at the Ohio State University, POPE'S POEMS For his epistles, say they, are weighty and powerful; hut his bodily presence is weak, and his speech contemptible. H COR. io: 10 POPE'S HORATIAN POEMS BY THOMAS E. MARESCA OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS Copyright © 1966 by the Ohio State University Press All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 66-23259 MEIS DEBETUR Preface THIS BOOK is an attempt to read some eighteenth-century poems; it is much more a learning experiment on my part than any sort of finished criticism.
    [Show full text]
  • Place Names of South Australia: W
    W Some of our names have apparently been given to the places by drunken bushmen andfrom our scrupulosity in interfering with the liberty of the subject, an inflection of no light character has to be borne by those who come after them. SheaoakLog ispassable... as it has an interesting historical association connectedwith it. But what shall we say for Skillogolee Creek? Are we ever to be reminded of thin gruel days at Dotheboy’s Hall or the parish poor house. (Register, 7 October 1861, page 3c) Wabricoola - A property North -East of Black Rock; see pastoral lease no. 1634. Waddikee - A town, 32 km South-West of Kimba, proclaimed on 14 July 1927, took its name from the adjacent well and rock called wadiki where J.C. Darke was killed by Aborigines on 24 October 1844. Waddikee School opened in 1942 and closed in 1945. Aboriginal for ‘wattle’. ( See Darke Peak, Pugatharri & Koongawa, Hundred of) Waddington Bluff - On section 98, Hundred of Waroonee, probably recalls James Waddington, described as an ‘overseer of Waukaringa’. Wadella - A school near Tumby Bay in the Hundred of Hutchison opened on 1 July 1914 by Jessie Ormiston; it closed in 1926. Wadjalawi - A tea tree swamp in the Hundred of Coonarie, west of Point Davenport; an Aboriginal word meaning ‘bull ant water’. Wadmore - G.W. Goyder named Wadmore Hill, near Lyndhurst, after George Wadmore, a survey employee who was born in Plymouth, England, arrived in the John Woodall in 1849 and died at Woodside on 7 August 1918. W.R. Wadmore, Mayor of Campbelltown, was honoured in 1972 when his name was given to Wadmore Park in Maryvale Road, Campbelltown.
    [Show full text]
  • Maritime Paintings of Montague Dawson a Lavish Collection of the Paintings of This Leading Maritime Artist with Many Reproduced in Colour
    The Maritime Paintings of Montague Dawson A lavish collection of the paintings of this leading maritime artist with many reproduced in colour. An introduction gives the back- ground to the artist and his developing career and the many commissions he has received. First published in 1993, reprinted in 1998, this is the first edition in softback. 57 colour repro- ductions and 21 b/w photos and reproductions. 96 pages. Landscape format. CONTENT: News of Trafalgar - The Schooner Pickle 39 Clearing Skies - The Glory of the Seas 68 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4 The Emigrant Fleet at Hobsons Bay, Australia. Thames Barges 69 INTRODUCTION 7 The White Star, the Lightning, the Malibar and the Kent 40 The Start of the Race 70 THE WAR AT SEA 1914-1918 16 The Passing Ship 41 Pirates' Cove, Cocos Island, Wafer Bay 7 1 THE WAR AT SEA 1939-1945 18 The Great Race between the Artel and Taeping,racing from The Gallant Penelope 72 THE CLIPPER SHIPS 24 China 1866 42 The USS Constitution in a Storm 73 INDEX 96 The Flying Lightning on High Seas 44 The White Star, Fair Weather, Fine Voyage 74 Decks Awash 45 The Steamship Mauritania 75 THE PAINTINGS The Silver Moon - The Morayshire 46 Deck Scene 76 Deep Pacific 2 Blue Pacific, Spindrift 47 The Torrens at Daybreak 77 The Sir Winston Churchill 9 China Clippers - The US Clipper Flying Fish 48 Glittering Waves 78 A British Submarine's Encounter with a Japanese Warship 18 Golden Evening - The Dreadnought 49 The General Roberts 79 The Rescue of the Macbeth 19 Mayflower II Leaving Plymouth 50 Cleaving the Seas - The Maitland 80
    [Show full text]
  • From the Library of Cosmo Alexander Gordon
    FROM THE LIBRARY OF COSMO ALEXANDER GORDON Lucretius De Rerum Natura 1-27 Sixteenth century 28-33 Seventeenth century 34-53 Eighteenth century 54-79 Nineteenth century 80-90 Twentieth century 91-92 BERNARD QUARITCH LTD List 2015/3 [email protected] +44 (0)20 7297 4888 Introduction by Nicolas Barker ‘Cosmo and I found our tastes and interests were always in harmony and I came to love his particular sense of humour and gentle goodness, as well as to respect his unusual style of scholarship and general culture.’ So wrote his life-long friend, Geoffrey Keynes in The Gates of Memory. All those who knew him shared the same feeling of calm and contentment, leavened by humour, in his company. Something of this radiates from this residue of a collection of books, never large but put together with a discrimination, a sense of the sum of all the properties of any book, that give it a special quality. Cosmo Alexander Gordon was born on 23 June 1886, the son of Arthur and Caroline Gordon of Ellon, Aberdeen. Ellon Castle was a modest late medieval building, with eighteenth-century additions and yew avenue, the river Ythan running by, where Cosmo fished for salmon and sea-trout. Dr Johnson stayed there in 1773 and admired the local antiquities. So did Cosmo; his taste had extended to medieval manuscripts before he left Rugby for King’s in 1904, where it was nurtured by M. R. James. Although Keynes had also been at Rugby, they did not meet until both were at Cambridge, where Gordon introduced his new friend to David’s book-stall and seventeenth-century literature; they shared a passion for Browne and Fuller.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses A history of north east shipbuilding: being an attempt to describe and analyse the development of shipbuilding in the North East of England from earliest times to the end of 1967 Dougan, D. J. How to cite: Dougan, D. J. (1968) A history of north east shipbuilding: being an attempt to describe and analyse the development of shipbuilding in the North East of England from earliest times to the end of 1967, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9906/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 j> i^ ovw / si-. ABSTKACT OF Art bt.A. SUBMISSION ^ ^ "A hISTOKY <.)F wOKTn EAST SHIPrtUILtilNXi" PKKSEwTEU BY U.JJ. OOUOA1K)UGAw« FPU AN w.Aw .A. ^fr'MffffffJJgliBKK*. DECEri MBK 196g IS69 At the end or the lyth century, trie united Kingdom produced four out of every five ships built in tne whole world, and the North East coast of England, stretching from jjlyth in tne North to Whitby in the South, was responsible for tvo out of those five ships.
    [Show full text]
  • Lucretius Carus, Titus
    Lucretius Carus, Titus. Addenda et Corrigenda* ADA PALMER (University of Chicago) The Addenda follow the order of the original article (CTC 2.349–65) and consist of a) additional material for the Fortuna, Bibliography and commen- taries, b) vernacular translations of the seventeenth century. New information on copyists, owners and annotators is included within the Fortuna, following the original structure. Fortuna p. 349a4. Add: A theory, now discredited, was much discussed in the fifteenth century that the surviving six-book poem was actually the middle or end of a twenty-one- book work. This confusion arose from a passage in M.T. Varro De( Lingua Latina * The author is grateful for the support and assistance of David Butterfield, Alison Brown, James Hankins and Michael Reeve. She owes much to the support given to her by the Villa I Tatti Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies, and the Mel- bern G. Glasscock Humanities Center at Texas A&M University. Gracious help was also provided by librarians at many institutions, including the Biblioteca Medicea Lauren- ziana, Biblioteca Nazionale and Biblioteca Berenson, Florence; Biblioteca Nazionale, Rome; Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City; Biblioteca Marciana, Venice; Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan; Biblioteca Comunale A. Mai, Bergamo; Biblioteca Estense, Modena; Biblioteca Malatestiana, Cesena; Biblioteca Comunale Passerini- Landi, Piacenza; Biblioteca Capitolare, Padua; Biblioteca dell’Accademia Rubiconia dei Filopatridi, Savignano sul Rubicone; Biblioteca Nazionale, Naples; Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève and Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris; Öffentliche Bibliothek der Uni- versität, Basel; Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna; Cambridge University Library; Bodleian Library, Oxford; Harvard University’s Widener and Houghton Libraries, Cambridge, Mass.; Cushing Memorial Library & Archives, College Station, Tex.; and especially the British Library, London.
    [Show full text]
  • Descending Caves: Descent Narratives and the Subterranean Science and Literature of the Long Eighteenth Century 1680 - 1830
    Descending Caves: Descent Narratives and the Subterranean Science and Literature of the Long Eighteenth Century 1680 - 1830 Damian Frank Pearson Thesis submitted in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Literature Department of English and Creative Writing Lancaster University June 2018 Frank Pearson Table of Contents Acknowledgements iii Abstract vi Introduction: The Underworld and the Underground 1 Structure 6 Cave Context 9 The Origin of Cave Science 13 Descent Narratives and the Hidden Recesses of Nature 21 Subterranean Aesthetics 35 The Space and Place of the Underground 40 Travel, Curiosity and the Descent Narrative 44 Cave Representations 49 Chapter One: Establishing Cave Science Introduction: Natural Philosophy and Literary Science 51 The Royal Society, Fieldwork and the Concept of Nature 58 Biblical Theories of Cave Geomorphology 66 Caves and the Origin of Subterraneous Water 69 Cave Geomorphology and Erosion 75 Caves and Deep Time 79 Joseph Black, Fixed Air, Carbon Dioxide and Limestone Solution 85 James Hutton and Limestone Solution 95 Adam Walker and the Exploration of caves 100 Charles Lyell and the Formation of Caves 108 Conclusion 112 Chapter Two: Cave Myth and Literature Introduction: The Descent Narrative, Underworld and Hell 114 Thomas Burnet and the Sublime Underworld 122 The Subterranean Sublime in Descent Poetry 125 The Descent Narrative as Parody 132 The Descent Narrative as a State of Mind 134 Caves and the Poetry of Place 140 Descent Narratives and the Novel 147 Conclusion 156 Chapter Three: Caves
    [Show full text]
  • Clipper Ships ~4A1'11l ~ C(Ji? ~·4 ~
    2 Clipper Ships ~4A1'11l ~ C(Ji? ~·4 ~/. MODEL SHIPWAYS Marine Model Co. YOUNG AMERICA #1079 SEA WITCH Marine Model Co. Extreme Clipper Ship (Clipper Ship) New York, 1853 #1 084 SWORDFISH First of the famous Clippers, built in (Medium Clipper Ship) LENGTH 21"-HEIGHT 13\4"­ 1846, she had an exciting career and OUR MODEL DEPARTMENT • • • Designed and built in 1851, her rec­ SCALE f."= I Ft. holds a unique place in the history Stocked from keel to topmast with ship model kits. Hulls of sailing vessels. ord passage from New York to San of finest carved wood, of plastic, of moulded wood. Plans and instructions -··········-·············· $ 1.00 Francisco in 91 days was eclipsed Scale 1/8" = I ft. Models for youthful builders as well as experienced mplete kit --·----- $10o25 only once. She also engaged in professionals. Length & height 36" x 24 " Mahogany hull optional. Plan only, $4.QO China Sea trade and made many Price complete as illustrated with mahogany Come a:r:1d see us if you can - or send your orders and passages to Canton. be assured of our genuine personal interest in your Add $1.00 to above price. hull and baseboard . Brass pedestals . $49,95 selection. Scale 3/32" = I ft. Hull only, on 3"t" scale, $11.50 Length & height 23" x 15" ~LISS Plan only, $1.50 & CO., INC. Price complete as illustrated with mahogany hull and baseboard. Brass pedestals. POSTAL INSTRUCTIONS $27.95 7. Returns for exchange or refund must be made within 1. Add :Jrt postage to all orders under $1 .00 for Boston 10 days.
    [Show full text]
  • MHA June 2019 Journa
    Volume 30, No. 2 June 2019 MARITIME HERITAGE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL A Submarine on Your Beach * HMAS Sydney—First Salvo * Sutton Hoo ship replica to be built * * Joseph Conrad writes about the ship Torrens Replica of the helmet found on the Sutton Hoo ship Photo: British Museum Office Bearers President: Nick Burninham Email: [email protected] Minutes Secretary: Jill Worsley Email: [email protected] Treasurer: Bob Johnson Email: [email protected] Editor: Peter Worsley Email: [email protected] 12 Cleopatra Drive, Mandurah, 6210 www.maritimeheritage.org.au www.facebook.com/maritimeheritage EDITORIAL You will have noticed the new cover layout in the cation they have put in over their periods of ten- journal. This was re-designed after some opinions ure. in the replies to the questionnaire sent out last year. The new design was suggested by Barbara At the recent MHA Annual General Meeting the following office bearers were elected: Shardlow, and your comments to the editor on the design would be appreciated. You may have also President: Nick Burningham noted the change in the printing. This is now be- Vice-president: Murray Kornweibel ing done locally by a company here in Mandurah. Minutes Secretary: Jill Worsley Treasurer: Bob Johnson Those who attended the launching of MHA’s lat- Editor: Peter Worsley est publication, A Hazardous Life by Ian and Ron Committee: Jill Worsley Forsyth know of the great effort put into this pub- Committee: Steve Gilmour lication, not just by the authors but by Julie and Committee: Jim Gregg Marcia. Their efforts have been vital to bring this book to a point where MHA could publish.
    [Show full text]