Cschemical Stockpile Emerg Eency Prpeparednesps Program
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Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program
SAFE TODAY, SAFER TOMORROW CSEPP CHEMICAL STOCKPILE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM CHEMICAL STOCKPILE CHEMICAL STOCKPILE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM WHAT IS CSEPP? The Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness departments and agencies, two States, local Program (CSEPP) works closely with the communities governments, volunteer organizations, the private around the Nation’s two remaining chemical weapons sector and the public under a single goal – enhancing storage and disposal sites in Kentucky and Colorado, emergency preparedness. This partnership has with the mission to “enhance existing local, installation, improved the ability to protect the public by upgrading tribal, state and federal capabilities to protect the emergency plans and providing chemical accident health and safety of the public, work force and response equipment and warning systems. environment from the effects of a chemical accident Aside from chemical stockpile response, communities or incident involving the U.S. Army chemical stockpile” may face emergencies related to weather, earthquakes, (CSEPP Strategic Plan, July 2019). floods, fires, hazardous material spills or releases, A whole community partnership created in 1988, and transportation and industrial accidents. The CSEPP unites the U.S. Army, Federal Emergency capabilities augmented by CSEPP enable communities Management Agency (FEMA), other Federal to better respond to all hazards. 1 SAFE TODAY, SAFER TOMORROW CHEMICAL STOCKPILE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM ENHANCING EMERGENCY SAFER BECAUSE OF CSEPP PREPAREDNESS The Department of Defense is CSEPP was created in 1988 to The stockpiles In Colorado and CSEPP is committed to maintaining its preparedness CSEPP officials work together to prepare the whole destroying chemical weapons at enhance emergency response Kentucky are safely stored by the mission until the entire chemical stockpile is destroyed community. -
The Chemical Weapons Conventions at 1
Rudderless: The Chemical Weapons Convention At 1 ½ Amy E. Smithson Report No. 25 September 1998 Copyright© 1998 11 Dupont Circle, NW Ninth Floor Washington, DC 20036 phone 202.223.5956 fax 202.238.9604 http://www.stimson.org email [email protected] Rudderless: The Chemical Weapons Convention At 1 1/2 Amy E. Smithson INTRODUCTION On the 29th of April 1997, the majority of the world’s nations joined to activate an arms control and nonproliferation accord that will gradually compel the elimination of one of the most abhorred classes of weapons of all times. Previously, the international community had fallen short of the mark in efforts to try to abolish poison gas, despite the opprobrium following its widespread use in World War I.1 The new Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) extends the no use-prohibitions of the 1925 Geneva Protocol2 to outlaw the development, acquisition, production, transfer, and stockpiling of chemical weapons as well. The CWC requires the destruction of chemical weapons production facilities and arsenals over a ten-year period, and countries will witness the shrinking numbers of poison gas factories and munitions. A less tangible function of the CWC, but one that may turn out to be equally valued over the long term is that the CWC will help redefine how states assure their national security. The CWC requires nations to declare activities that were previously considered state secrets and private business information. The treaty authorizes routine and challenge inspections to monitor compliance with its prohibitions. Instead of building large caches of arms, the CWC’s verification processes give governments reason to be confident that managed transparency—a limited waiver of state sovereignty—can enhance national and international security. -
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT NOTICE OF PROPOSED RENEWAL OF THE HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY PERMIT UNDER THE ALABAMA HAZARDOUS WASTES MANAGEMENT AND MINIMIZATION ACT (AHWMMA) AND REQUEST FOR COMMENTS PUBLIC NOTICE – 421 CALHOUN COUNTY Anniston Army Depot of Anniston, Alabama submitted to ADEM an application for renewal of its Hazardous Waste Facility permit for the 3 ANMC Conventional Waste Munitions Storage Igloos, 3 ANAD Industrial Waste Storage Buildings ,1 Roll-off Storage Building, 1 Open Burning Unit, 1 Open Detonation Unit, 1 Static Detonation Chamber (SDC), 3 SDC Service Magazines, 34 SDC Conventional Waste Munitions Storage Igloos, 1 Thermal Treatment Closed Disposal Process (TTCDP), 1 Energetic Treatment Unit (Flash Furnace), and 3 Rocket Motor Fire Units which are used to manage hazardous waste at its facility (EPA I.D. Number AL3 210 020 027 located at 7 Frankford Avenue, Anniston, Alabama 36201. The Department has determined the facility’s renewal application to be complete and has prepared a draft permit in accordance with State regulations. Anniston Army Depot operates a facility that treats and stores hazardous waste. The United States Department of the Army, Anniston Army Depot (Facility Owner, Facility Co-Permittee, Facility Operator); the United States Department of the Army, Anniston Munitions Center (Facility Co-Permittee, Facility Co- Operator (ANMC operations)); the United States Department of the Army, Anniston Field Office (AFO) (Facility Co-Permittee, Facility Co-Operator (Static Detonation Chamber (SDC) Site); and Washington Demilitarization Company LLC (Facility Co-Permittee, Facility Co-Operator (SDC site)) are the operators of the hazardous waste storage and treatment facility. The proposed permit renewal incorporates updates to the previous permit to reflect changes made to Part I thought IX of the AHWMMA permit. -
High-Threat Chemical Agents: Characteristics, Effects, and Policy Implications
Order Code RL31861 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web High-Threat Chemical Agents: Characteristics, Effects, and Policy Implications Updated September 9, 2003 Dana A. Shea Analyst in Science and Technology Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress High-Threat Chemical Agents: Characteristics, Effects, and Policy Implications Summary Terrorist use of chemical agents has been a noted concern, highlighted after the Tokyo Sarin gas attacks of 1995. The events of September 11, 2001, increased Congressional attention towards reducing the vulnerability of the United States to such attacks. High-threat chemical agents, which include chemical weapons and some toxic industrial chemicals, are normally organized by military planners into four groups: nerve agents, blister agents, choking agents, and blood agents. While the relative military threat posed by the various chemical types has varied over time, use of these chemicals against civilian targets is viewed as a low probability, high consequence event. High-threat chemical agents, depending on the type of agent used, cause a variety of symptoms in their victims. Some cause death by interfering with the nervous system. Some inhibit breathing and lead to asphyxiation. Others have caustic effects on contact. As a result, chemical attack treatment may be complicated by the need to identify at least the type of chemical used. Differences in treatment protocols for the various high-threat agents may also strain the resources of the public health system, especially in the case of mass casualties. Additionally, chemical agents trapped on the body or clothes of victims may place first responders and medical professionals at risk. -
Annual Status Report on the Destruction of the United States Stockpile of Lethal Chemical Agents and Munitions for Fiscal Year 2019
Annual Status Report on the Destruction of the United States Stockpile of Lethal Chemical Agents and Munitions for Fiscal Year 2019 September 30, 2019 The estimated cost of this report or study for the Department of Defense is approximately $740 for the 2019 Fiscal Year. This includes $0 in expenses and $740 in DoD labor. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 II. Mission .................................................................................................................................1 III. Organization .........................................................................................................................1 IV. Current Status of U.S. Chemical Weapons Destruction ......................................................2 A. Site-by-Site Description of Chemical Weapons Stockpile Destruction……………….2 B. Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives Program……………………………..….3 V. Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program ......................................................5 VI. Funding Execution ...............................................................................................................7 VII. Safety Status of Chemical Weapons Stockpile Storage .......................................................8 APPENDICES A. Abbreviations and Symbols B. Program Disbursements C. Summary Occurrences of Leaking Chemical Munitions i I. Introduction The Department of Defense (DoD) is submitting -
Francisella Tularensis Blue-Grey Phase Variation Involves Structural
Francisella tularensis blue-grey phase variation involves structural modifications of lipopolysaccharide O-antigen, core and lipid A and affects intramacrophage survival and vaccine efficacy THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Shilpa Soni Graduate Program in Microbiology The Ohio State University 2010 Master's Examination Committee: John Gunn, Ph.D. Advisor Mark Wewers, M.D. Robert Munson, Ph.D. Copyright by Shilpa Soni 2010 Abstract Francisella tularensis is a CDC Category A biological agent and a potential bioterrorist threat. There is no licensed vaccine against tularemia in the United States. A long- standing issue with potential Francisella vaccines is strain phase variation to a grey form that lacks protective capability in animal models. Comparisons of the parental strain (LVS) and a grey variant (LVSG) have identified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alterations as a primary change. The LPS of the F. tularensis variant strain gains reactivity to F. novicida anti-LPS antibodies, suggesting structural alterations to the O-antigen. However, biochemical and structural analysis of the F. tularensis LVSG and LVS LPS demonstrated that LVSG has less O-antigen but no major O-antigen structural alterations. Additionally, LVSG possesses structural differences in both the core and lipid A regions, the latter being decreased galactosamine modification. Recent work has identified two genes important in adding galactosamine (flmF2 and flmK) to the lipid A. Quantitative real-time PCR showed reduced transcripts of both of these genes in the grey variant when compared to LVS. Loss of flmF2 or flmK caused less frequent phase conversion but did not alter intramacrophage survival or colony morphology. -
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT of KENTUCKY CENTRAL DIVISION (At Lexington) JAMES A
Case: 5:16-cv-00322-DCR Doc #: 14 Filed: 08/14/17 Page: 1 of 23 - Page ID#: <pageID> UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY CENTRAL DIVISION (at Lexington) JAMES A. BILSKI and ) CHARLES M. HERALD, ) ) Civil Action No. 5: 16-322-DCR Plaintiffs, ) ) V. ) ) MEMORANDUM OPINION RYAN D. MCCARTHY, Acting 1 ) AND ORDER Secretary, Department of the Army, et al. ) ) Defendants. *** *** *** *** This matter is pending for consideration of the defendant’s motion to dismiss a portion of the claims contained in the Complaint. [Record No. 6] For the reasons described herein, the motion will be granted, in part, and denied, in part. I. Background The Blue Grass Army Depot (“BGAD,” or “the Depot”), located in Richmond, Kentucky, supplies arms and munitions to Army installations in the southeastern United States—approximately 20-25% of the United States Army. [Record No. 6-1 at 4] The Depot stores and maintains both chemical and conventional munitions, including “sensitive Category I and II munitions” such as “ready-to-fire” Stinger missiles. [Id.] The Depot is the primary supplier of Arms, Ammunition & Explosives (“AA&E”) for Army special forces worldwide. 1 As of August 2, 2017, Ryan D. McCarthy is the Acting Secretary of the Army and is substituted as the defendant in this action pursuant to Rule 25(d) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. - 1 - Case: 5:16-cv-00322-DCR Doc #: 14 Filed: 08/14/17 Page: 2 of 23 - Page ID#: <pageID> [Id.] In accordance with its mission, the Depot operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, ready on short notice to supply Army forces heading into combat. -
THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE of the MILITARY in KENTUCKY 2016 Update
THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE MILITARY IN KENTUCKY 2016 Update Paul Coomes, Ph.D., Emeritus Professor of Economics Janet Kelly, Ph.D., Professor and Executive Director Barry Kornstein, Research Manager Joe Slaughter, Research Assistant Sponsored by: The Kentucky Commission on Military Affairs This study was prepared under contract with the Commonwealth of Kentucky, with financial support from the Office of Economic Adjustment, Department of Defense. The content reflects the views of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of Economic Adjustment. prepared by: The Urban Studies Institute at the University of Louisville June 2016 Companion web site: http://kcma.ky.gov/Dashboard/Pages/default.aspx by Sarin Adhikari Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Employment .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Civilian Employment ................................................................................................................................. 6 Military Employment in Perspective ......................................................................................................... 9 -
Colorado Csepp Community Recovery Plan
COLORADO CSEPP COMMUNITY RECOVERY PLAN June 2016 1 Executive Summary Purpose The purpose of the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP) Recovery Plan is to outline the coordination and support activities that occur in the recovery phase following a chemical event at Pueblo Chemical Depot (PCD). The term “recovery” includes measures to assess the hazard and perform other urgent tasks in the area affected by the emergency; a controlled process for reentry, restoration, and remediation; and provision of services to persons, businesses and other organizations affected by the emergency. The primary purpose of recovery activities is to protect public health and safety while returning the community to normal or near normal conditions. The Colorado CSEPP Team has been an active participant in the evolution of CSEPP recovery planning and preparedness, beginning April 15, 1992 when it identified the programmatic need for resolution of recovery issues during a Table Top Exercise (TTX) conducted in Pueblo. Between January 2014 and August 2015, a series of seminars and tabletop exercises had been conducted focusing on different aspects of the plan with the goal of validating its contents. Additional stakeholders were brought into the processes that were not included when the original plan was written. Changes in regulatory requirements were also updated. This was accomplished as the first set of chemical munitions was being destroyed. Management of such an incident will conform to the principles of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) as required by Colorado Executive Order D 011 04, dated December 6, 2004 and the PCD and / or PCAPP Contingency Plan pursuant to the facility permit or interim status plans and the Colorado Hazardous Waste Regulations, 6 CCR 1007-3, Section 264.1(g)(8)(iii). -
The History of Chemical and Biological Warfare: an American
History of Chemical and Biological Warfare: An American Perspective Chapter 2 HISTORY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE: AN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE JEFFERY K. SMART, M.A.* INTRODUCTION PRE–WORLD WAR I DEVELOPMENTS WORLD WAR I THE 1920S: THE LEAN YEARS THE 1930S: THE GROWING THREAT OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE THE 1940S: WORLD WAR II AND THE NUCLEAR AGE THE 1950S: HEYDAY OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1960S: DECADE OF TURMOIL THE 1970S: THE NEAR END OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1980S: THE RETURN OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1990S: THE THREAT MATERIALIZES SUMMARY *Command Historian, U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5423 9 Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare INTRODUCTION Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary defines or biological warfare went virtually unnoticed by the term “chemical warfare,” first used in 1917, the U.S. Army. By the end of World War I, the situ- as “tactical warfare using incendiary mixtures, ation had drastically changed. Chemical warfare smokes, or irritant, burning, poisonous, or asphyx- had been used against and by American soldiers iating gases.” A working definition of a chem- on the battlefield. Biological warfare had been used ical agent is “a chemical which is intended for covertly on several fronts. In an effort to determine use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, what had gone wrong with their planning and train- or incapacitate man because of its physiological ing, U.S. Army officers prepared a history of chemi- effects. Excluded from consideration are riot con- cal and biological warfare. To their surprise, they trol agents, chemical herbicides and smoke found numerous documented cases of chemical and and flame materials.”1(p1-1) Chemical agents were biological agents having been used or proposed to usually divided into five categories: nerve agents, influence the outcome of a battle or campaign. -
Chemical Agents July 2010
Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste FACT SHEET Chemical Agents July 2010 Chemical agents at Deseret quantities of GB. mustard but is a more potent Chemical Depot are contained in GA (tabun) is a non-persistent systemic poison. Lewisite is likely rockets, land mines, mortars, nerve agent that is about half as carcinogenic. The body is unable to artillery projectiles and cartridges, toxic as GB. Relatively small detoxify Lewisite but an antidote bombs, spray tanks, and ton amounts of GA are stored in Utah. has been developed. Relatively containers. Dugway Proving VX is a persistent nerve agent. VX small amounts of Lewisite are Ground also stores chemical is easily absorbed through the skin stored in Utah. munitions. Two types of chemical or ingested as a liquid. VX can be Hazardous Waste agents that are stored in Utah are absorbed through the respiratory Chemical agents and the waste nerve agents and blister agents. tract as a vapor or aerosol. The resulting from treating or testing the Deseret Chemical Depot stockpile agents are regulated as hazardous NERVE AGENTS contains substantial quantities of waste. Nerve agents are organophosphates VX. that cause a blocking of the BLISTER AGENTS Additional Information cholinesterase enzymes. When Blister agents were named for their If you would like more detailed acetyl cholinesterase is blocked, effect on skin and other tissues. information or have questions acetylcholine builds-up within the The blister agents are vesicants that please contact: nervous system. This build-up may are severe irritants to tissue and can DEQ / DSHW cause an over-stimulation of be deadly at high concentrations. -
Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)
FISCAL YEAR (FY) 2008/09 BUDGET ESTIMATES February 2007 CHEMICAL AGENTS AND MUNITIONS DESTRUCTION PROGRAM ASSESSMENT Chemical Demilitarization The Chemical Demilitarization Program destroys the U.S. stockpile of chemical weapons. The United States has an obligation to destroy all such weapons under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which was entered into in 1997. PERFORMING Adequate • After destroying only 136 tons in 2003 the program has destroyed over 4,473 tons since, and 11,506 tons overall. All CWC treaty milestones have been met to date, and the program is on track to achieve the CWC 45% destruction milestone by December 2007 including destroying binary chemicals and the destruction of former production facilities by April 2007. • The program has an excellent safety record. Nonetheless, community concerns have delayed construction of plants. This has resulted in increased costs and will delay the destruction of the chemical stockpile. • The program has developed annual destruction goals to guide its progress toward destroying the entire U.S. chemical weapons stockpile as close as practicable to the CWC 100% destruction deadline of April 2012. We are taking the following actions to improve the performance of the program: • Expediting disposal of secondary waste by assessing alternative technologies or using off-site treatment to reduce cost, shorten schedules, make better use of equipment, and improve processing. • Maintaining an Integrated Risk Management Program that stresses early risk identification, mitigation planning, and execution to minimize impacts on cost, schedule, performance, and safety. • Implementing and tracking performance measures such as Annual Cost Index, Annual Schedule Index, and Cost per Ton Index to ensure meeting or exceeding annual destruction goals.