MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
12 JUNE 2014 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY PROPERTY
Macquarie University, NSW 2109 Telephone: +61 2 9850 7111
MASTER PLANNERS
Cox Richardson Architects and Planners Level 2, 204 Clarence Street Sydney, NSW 2000 Telephone: +61 2 9267 9599
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS STATUTORY PLANNERS
Context Landscape Design JBA Planning Level 2, 52 - 58 William St, 7/77 Berry St East Sydney, NSW 2001 North Sydney NSW 2060 Telephone: +61 2 8244 8900 Telephone: +61 2 9956 6962
EDUCATION FACILITIES REVIEW HERITAGE CONSULTANTS learning.space.logic Tropman and Tropman Architects PO Box R694 55 Lower Fort St Royal Exchange NSW 1225 Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone: +61 412 358 406 Telephone: +61 2 9251 3250
PEER REVIEW PLACE MAKING
Stride Treglown Place Partners Promenade House, The Promenade, L2, 3 Oxford St, Clifton Down, Bristol, BS8 3NE Paddington NSW 2021 Telephone: +44 117 974 3271 Telephone: +61 2 8065 7401 VICE CHANCELLOR’S STATEMENT
Macquarie University was founded 50 years ago and in that short time it has made remarkable progress. Teaching and research programs are fl ourishing across a diverse array of disciplines, and the University has become recognised throughout Australia, the region and the world as a place of scholarly excellence and widening engagement. On the eve of our jubilee year, the University community came together as never before to defi ne a vision for its far horizon future. Throughout 2013, that process, Our University: A Framing of Futures, drew together members of the University from all corners as well as our partners and friends beyond. The result was a decision that defi ned our fundamental purpose: Macquarie is and forever will be a University of service and engagement.
That decision, like a light on the hill, helped illuminate seven areas of strategic priority. The founding fathers of this University provided an unparalleled endowment in setting aside the land that has become our campus – alongside our staff and our students, our land is one of our most valuable assets. Accordingly, one of the seven strategic priorities for Macquarie University going forward is to “develop a vibrant and sustainable campus, clearly at the centre of a rapidly changing neighbourhood in the international, cosmopolitan city of Sydney.”
The Master Plan presented in this document represents the work of many talented individuals. It builds on the original work of Wally Abraham and will guide the evolution, growth and development of the campus for the next several decades. I thank all those involved across the University and the many expert consultants who have guided us.
Those of us privileged to lead the University are merely trustees to ensure that future generations will enjoy this magnifi cent realm for decades to come. I commend this Master Plan to all those with an interest in preserving this S. Bruce Dowton MD remarkable home for our community. March 2014 CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4. THE MASTER PLAN 39
4.1 Vision 40 1. INTRODUCTION 1 4.2 Place Character 40 4.3 Principles 41 4.3.1 Environment 42 1.1 Introduction 1 4.3.2 Place Making 42 1.1.1 Framework for Review 2 4.3.3 Academic and Student Experience 43 1.2 Purpose of the Campus Master Plan 3 4.3.4 Economic Sustainability and Partnering 43 1.3 Site, Location and Connectivity 4 4.4 Master Plan Development 44 1.3.1 The Site 4 4.4.1 Planning Structure 44 1.3.2 Site Signifi cance 6 4.4.2 Academic and Administrative Structure 46 1.4 The Planning Legacy 8 4.4.3 Economic Sustainability and Partnering 46 1.4.1 The 1964 Campus Plan 8 4.5 The Plan 48 1.4.2 The 1984 Draft Development Plan 10 4.6 Zones 52 1.4.3 The Campus Development Plan 2004 11 4.6.1 Central 52 1.4.4 The 2009 Concept Plan 11 4.6.2 East 52 1.5 Master Plan Development 12 4.6.3 South 54 1.5.1 The Charette Process and Key Outcomes 12 4.6.4 West 54 1.6 Current Statutory Controls 4.6.5 North 55 and Approvals Pathways 14 4.7 Key University Functions 56 1.6.1 Urban Activation Precinct 14 4.7.1 Campus Services and Amenities 56 4.7.2 Night Activity Zone 58 2. OUR UNIVERSITY 4.7.3 Museum Locations 60 A FRAMING OF FUTURES 17 4.8 Access 62 4.8.1 Primary Connectors 62 2.1 Strategic Review 18 4.8.2 Disabled Access 62 2.1 Key Objectives 18 4.8.3 Public Transport Access 64 4.8.4 Vehicular Access 66 4.8.5 Servicing Strategy 66 3. CAMPUS GROWTH 23 4.8.6 Parking Strategy 68 4.8.7 Cycle Strategy 70 3.1 Academic and Organisational Review 24 4.9 Development Potential 72 3.1.1 Creating Communities 25 3.1.2 Creating Precincts 25 3.1.3 Accommodating Research 25 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN 75 3.1.4 Accommodating Administration 26 3.1.5 Accommodating Learning and Teaching 27 5.1 Public Domain Framework 76 3.2 Student Growth 28 5.1.1 Campus Landscape Design Philosophy and History 76 3.2.1 Enrolments 28 5.1.2 Landscape Strategy 77 3.2.2 Space Requirements 29 5.1.3 Campus Edges 78 3.2.3 Changing Delivery Models 30 5.1.4 Edge Markers 80 3.3 Research Needs 31 5.2 Gateways 82 3.4 Student Housing 32 5.2.1 Herring Road Gateway 82 3.5 Commercial Development Opportunities 5.2.2 Balaclava Road Gateway 86 and Employment Growth 34 5.2.3 Gymnasium Road Gateway 88 3.5.1 Macquarie Park 34 5.2.4 Talavera Road Gateway 90 3.5.2 Commercial Uses 35 5.3 Primary Spaces 92 3.5.3 Partnerships 35 5.3.1 Wally’s Walk 92 3.6 Herring Road Urban Activation Precinct 37 5.3.2 Macquarie Walk 94 5.3.3 Sir Christopher Ondaatje Avenue 98 5.3.4 The Central Courtyard 100 5.3.5 The University Common 102 5.3.6 The Library Forecourt 104 5.3.7 Arts Lawn (West Common) 106 5.3.8 The Grove (East Common) 108 5.3.9 Mars Creek 110 5.3.10 University Creek 112 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
5.4 Secondary Spaces 114 5.4.1 Mars Creek Plaza 114 5.4.2 Wally’s Walk Open Space 116 5.4.3 Macquarie Theatre Courtyard 118 5.4.4 Jim Rose Earth Science Garden 120 5.4.5 Talavera Park 122 5.4.6 Frank Mercer Biological Sciences Garden 124 5.5 Streets and Links 126 5.5.1 University Avenue 126 5.5.2 Research Park Drive 128 5.5.3 Eastern Road 130 5.5.4 Western Road 130 5.5.5 West Precinct Road 132 5.5.6 East-West Pedestrian Connections 134 5.5.7 North-South Pedestrian Connections 136
6. BUILT FORM 139
6.1 Building Life 140 6.2 Development Parcels 142 6.3 Building Heights 144 6.4 Building Defi nition 146 6.5 Building Addresses 148 6.6 Rail Corridor Impacts 150 6.7 Legacy Buildings 152 6.8 Design Excellence 154
7. SUSTAINABILITY 157
7.1 Legacy 158 7.2 Sustainability Planning Context 159 7.3 Where Are We Now? 160 7.3.1 Eco-footprint: one planet 160 7.3.2 Energy 160 7.3.3 Green house gas (GHG) 160 7.3.4 Materials 160 7.3.4 Water 160 7.3.5 Biodiversity and conservation 160 7.3.6 Research and collaboration 164 7.4 Next Phase 165 7.5 Sustainability Targets 165 7.6 Unique Aspects And Challenges 167 7.6.1 Growing Energy Demands, Utility Costs and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 167 7.6.2 Green Space Planning – renewal of the ‘Campus in a Park’ Concept 167 7.6.3 Transport and Connectivity 168 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
BACKGROUND PLANNING PROCESS GROWTH
Macquarie University was founded Since the University’s inception in As part of the Campus Master in 1964 with a strong educational 1964, a Master Plan (adapted and Plan Review, detailed strategies for philosophy and was based on the developed from time to time) has each of the University’s research, concept of a university adjoining a been in place to guide the growth of administration and learning and technology park, closely following the the University. teaching functions have been Stanford University model. developed. Five key areas have been This iteration of the campus Master assessed: Macquarie University was planned Plan places a clear emphasis on the from the outset to refl ect a quality of public realm and external – Creating Communities specifi c academic philosophy of a spaces as the means of generating – Creating Precincts single degree. The plan by Walter a memorable campus with a sense – Accommodating Research Abraham was based on distinct of place and identity. It reinforces a – Accommodating Administration academic precincts tied together hierarchy of spaces and connections – Accommodating Learning and by an academic core comprising to form a clearly defi ned but fl exible Teaching the library, student union and framework that will allow the administration. development of buildings and the Student growth and space needs ambitious expansion of fl oor area in a have been identifi ed as the University The University’s 2013 strategy: Our coherent way. changes. New teaching and research University – A Framing of Futures needs are also addressed. seeks to redefi ne the philosophy A key component in the development and role of the University. It seeks to of this Master Plan was a Charette Student housing trends and identify: held at Macquarie University in May targets as well as the potential for 2013. This workshop drew on global commercial uses are identifi ed. – a statement of purpose for expertise and experience to create Macquarie University – the a world-leading framework for the As of February 2014, the NSW fundamental reason why the future development and growth of Government is in the process of University exists the University. fi nalising details for the creation of – a vision – what the University the Herring Road Urban Activation wants to become and milestones Four key areas were identifi ed: Precinct focused primarily on the by which the University will be area between the Macquarie Centre measured over the long term – the need to create an Iconic and the University and includes the – a statement of values – beliefs Entrance and campus identity at University lands south of Culloden and actions needed in order to Herring Road Road. It is designed to encourage achieve the vision – the need to create a distinct increased development and – a set of key priorities – a high- Campus Heart with a number of economic activity in the area. level defi nition of the key focus places with different characters areas for the next 10 years. and purposes that are activated at The proposed zoning allows more different times fl exibility in the location of non- The University’s vision statement – a Public Realm that refl ects education facilities on the University identifi es that Macquarie aspires the campus brand and identity campus. Education uses and to be ‘known across Australia and that connects the different associated support services are and beyond as custodians of a precincts and spaces, maximising protected. remarkable university campus pedestrian accessibility and that blends the vibrancy of a amenity cosmopolitan university village – the need to create a Sense of with a setting of Australian natural Place that meets the growing bushland’. Delivering on that desire from students and staff to aspiration is key to distinguishing the feel a part of something bigger University in an increasingly global and a sense of belonging to the higher education market. organisation
vi THE MASTER PLAN PUBLIC DOMAIN SUSTAINABILITY
The 2014 Master Plan is structured The new public realm will deliver a Sustainability principles have around a robust public domain that memorable campus suited to world been an integral consideration for builds on the original 1964 plan and class learning and research while Macquarie University’s campus helps create a more open culture and accommodating the potential for since the University’s conception, integrated campus. substantial growth in the student infl uencing early ideas of the population of the University and University’s location, character and It confi rms the framework for the partnership with industry. the balance between natural and future development of the campus. built environments. and reinforces the importance of the The quality of the public domain public domain while guiding future and the landscape quality are key Operational baselines have been growth. It aims to: elements in the Macquarie University established for preparation of the experience. While buildings, uses University’s Sustainable Development – build on Macquarie University’s and fl oor space on the site are Strategic Plan in 2014. The plan will sense of history and place important, the plan is fundamentally be developed via series of workshops – express the University’s identity structured around the public domain throughout 2014 and will include: – reinforce the sense of arrival, – it is the primary organising element place and public domain integrating the campus. – sustainable Building Design – create fl exibility to adapt to new Guidelines approaches to learning and The Master Plan recognises the – community and end-user teaching importance of the public domain and engagement strategy – facilitate engagement with is structured around the creation – strategy for an integrated industry and business of a robust landscape plan that will approach to water catchment – identify areas of potential growth provide a strong and consistent management, including the across all areas of the campus framework for future growth of the incorporation of rainwater – provide a framework which campus. Where possible, existing harvesting and recycling will attract and retain the best trees are to be retained as the – Travel Plan students, researchers, staff and nucleus of the new open space – sustainable procurement commercial partners network. guideline of materials for – build on the 1964 Master Plan infrastructure – enhance the public domain legacy The open space network is defi ned by – innovative programs geared of the original Master Plan a series of Primary Spaces such as towards achieving the One Planet – introduce distinctive new spaces Wally’s Walk, the Central Courtyard Eco-footprint goal. within the campus in anticipation and a new University Common, of a growing population with a Secondary Spaces and Streets and diverse and complex range of Links. activities – accommodate new student housing options on campus – create a framework for optimising commercial value and ongoing economic viability of the campus buildings
It is important to note that this Master Plan is not intended to be proscriptive in any way. Instead, it is intended to provide a general framework to guide and assist the University in its decision making in respect to future development of the campus.
vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
viii MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
NEW INITIATIVES
Public Domain External Connectivity Design Excellence – Remove traffi c from the campus – Create new connections to – Articulate a design excellence core Macquarie Park and Macquarie process – New pedestrian only landscaped Centre – Academic Structure and Growth entry from Herring Road framed – Engage with a new Macquarie – Cluster common facilities in the by low scale buildings Town Centre on Herring Road core of the campus – Convert Macquarie Drive to – Locate all bus stops on University – Cluster Arts and Human Sciences “Macquarie Walk” Avenue to the west of the common core – New “University Common” and – Cluster Science, Medicine and “Library Forecourt” in the centre Activity Business to the east of the of the campus linked to Central – Establish a new Great Hall common core Courtyard meeting complex north of Mars – Permit maximum fl exibility for – New pedestrian “Sir Christopher Creek growth and space per student Ondaatje Avenue” from University – Establish a night activity zone Creek Park to Mars Creek Lake connecting the library to the Partnerships – New “Arts Lawn” or West station – Encourage industry partnerships Common – Enable student housing in the both around and within the – New “The Grove” or East Academic Core Academic Core of the campus Common – Enable additional activity hubs – Provide complete land use – New campus pedestrian hubs, – Relocate Chancellery to the core fl exibility places and links of the campus Residential accommodation – New Talavera Road Entrance Sustainability – Encourage student, staff and Existing Places and Legacy visitor housing around and within – Achieve 5 Star Green Star ratings the Academic Core of the campus – Ensure buildings address an and 4.5 NABERS energy and – Enable substantial university enhanced Mars Creek Park and water ratings for commercial housing space on campus University Creek Park buildings on the campus – Enhance Wally’s Walk – 40% reduction of greenhouse gas Parking – Revitalize University Central emissions intensity per square – Move all parking to the perimeter Courtyard metre of gross fl oor area from of the campus – Repurpose or adapt appropriate 2009 – Enable suffi cient additional existing buildings – Reduce potable water parking for commercial partners – Close southern end of Research consumption per EFTP by 40% of Drive 2007 fi gures in new commercial – Enhance Balaclava Road and buildings Gymnasium Road entrances – 90% waste diversion from landfi ll – Extend a pedestrianised by 2020 Gymnasium Road to the Central – A “One Planet” or better Courtyard ecological campus footprint by – Enhance the landscape edges of 2030 the campus – Renewal of the “Campus in the Park” concept
ix
1 INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Macquarie University was founded 1.1.1 Framework for Review In the light of this framework for the in 1964 with a strong educational future, the Master Plan aims to: The 2013 University strategy Our philosophy and was based on the – express the University’s identity University – A Framing of Futures concept of a university adjoining a – reinforce the sense of arrival, seeks to redefi ne the philosophy technology park, closely following the place and public domain and role of the University. It seeks to Stanford University model. – create fl exibility to adapt to identify: new academic activities and Macquarie University was planned – a statement of purpose for approaches to learning as these from the outset to refl ect a Macquarie University – the emerge specifi c academic philosophy of a fundamental reason why the – facilitate engagement with single degree. The plan by Walter University exists industry and business and Abraham was based on distinct – a vision – what the University optimise opportunities for academic precincts tied together wants to become and milestones commercial development by an academic core comprising by which the University will be – create a framework to maximise the library, student union and measured over the long term commercial value and ongoing administration. – a statement of values – beliefs economic viability of campus and actions needed in order to buildings Updates of the Master Plan in 1983 – identify areas of potential growth and 2004 were followed by the achieve the vision – a set of key priorities – a high- across all areas of the campus development of a Concept Plan in – provide a framework to attract 2009 which formalised, through a level defi nition of the key focus areas for the next 10 years. and retain the best students, statutory approval process, increases researchers, staff and in both academic space and student The University intends all of its key commercial partners accommodation and opportunities actions and decision making to be – build on Macquarie University’s for new commercial development aligned with the purpose, vision, sense of history and place within the campus. values and priorities. The University’s – provide a clear structure that appropriately respects and builds A decade of signifi cant growth Council and Executive is responsible on the original 1964 Master Plan followed, with 27,674 enrolled for: and enhance essential elements students in 2003 increasing to 37,921 – allocation of resources - people of the landscape and buildings on students in 2010. A review of the and money the campus University’s overall direction and – brand redefi nition – build on the public domain legacy priorities was initiated in 2013 by – development of partnerships of the original Master Plan the new Vice Chancellor, Professor – the campus Master Plan and - Mars Creek, University Creek, S. Bruce Dowton MD, acting as a capital improvements. Wally’s Walk and the Central catalyst for reassessment of the – specifi c initiatives with timelines Courtyard Master Plan. and commitment of resources to be identifi ed under the Strategic – introduce distinctive new spaces Priorities in the University Long within the campus in anticipation Range Plan. of a growing population with a diverse and complex range of activities – accommodate new student housing options on campus – create a framework for optimising commercial value and ongoing economic viability of the campus buildings
2 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE CAMPUS MASTER PLAN
This review of the Macquarie It acknowledges that change will It is important to note that this University Master Plan has been be continuous and new directions Master Plan is not intended to be driven by the 2013 strategy Our will evolve as the University grows, proscriptive in any way. Instead, University – A Framing of Futures and and identifi es a strong but fl exible it is intended to provide a general the signifi cant growth on the campus framework for growth. It also framework to guide and assist the since 2004. Ongoing changes in identifi es a series of initiatives aimed University in its decision making in teaching methodologies, new course at improving the amenity of the respect to future development of the opportunities at Macquarie, a desire campus, while identifying over time campus. to increase industry engagement how sites can be developed to their and the potential of commercial full potential and how future growth opportunities on the campus are also can be accommodated. key considerations. The document is structured to The Master Plan sets out an updated identify the key elements that physical framework to accommodate underpin the plan and new initiatives. the University’s predicted needs, while ensuring fl exibility into the future and enhancing the existing qualities of the University’s campus.
3 1. INTRODUCTION
1.3 SITE, LOCATION AND CONNECTIVITY
1.3.1 The Site Macquarie University occupies 126 hectares of land in the north east of the Sydney metropolitan area, wholly owned by the University.
The site is made up of a number of land titles and comprises an Academic Core, research facilities, commercial developments, a rail station and ancillary uses. Student accommodation is located to the north of Culloden Road and sports fi elds are to the north of the M2 Motorway.
The University owns a number of other properties outside the main campus but these are not included in this Campus Master Plan.
Macquarie University, through the Macquarie Graduate School of Management and the Business and Economics Faculty, also provides some courses in a Sydney CBD campus which are not considered in this Campus Master Plan.
CAMPUS FROM THE WEST
4 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
CAMPUS AERIAL VIEW 2013 5 1. INTRODUCTION
1.3.2 Site Signifi cance The University’s location at the Macquarie is the only major western end of this employment university in Australia with a railway Macquarie University lies in the band corridor reinforces the signifi cant station at its main entrance. The of medium-high value housing, and opportunity and strategic importance Epping to Chatswood rail link has technology and fi nancial jobs known of Macquarie University. made North Ryde readily accessible as Sydney’s Global Arc that stretches to the rest of Sydney and its from Sydney Airport to Parramatta. The precinct is particularly well imminent expansion from Epping to This arc contains seven university served by Sydney’s orbital motorway Rouse Hill (via the North West Rail campuses, as well as much of network. The location, adjacent to Link) will connect the campus to Sydney’s technology and research the Hills M2 Motorway and close NSW’s fastest growing region. enterprise. It is seen as a key to the important A3 north-south generator of high value, knowledge- road connection, is one of the most The State Government has based income and a major economic strategic in Sydney. With new access recognised the importance of the generator for NSW and Australia. points to the Hills M2 Motorway at relationship between the University Talavera Road, the University is only and Macquarie Park, and through its In the last 50 years, Macquarie 15 minutes’ drive to the Harbour Urban Activation Precinct program, Park has grown to be a nationally Bridge and 25 minutes by bus to the it is looking to intensify uses along signifi cant research and business CBD. A planned connection to the F3 the Herring Road corridor. Sites precinct, specialising in the high- will form a direct link to the Central on the edges of the campus, and value communications, medical Coast and Lower Hunter. particularly at the railway station, research, pharmaceutical and IT&T will need to respond to signifi cant sectors. In 2013, there was over The M2 (and its links to the M4, change in the future and should be 800,000m2 of commercial fl oor space M5 and M7) provides excellent considered for major new activities in in Macquarie Park with the potential accessibility to the north-western, the long term. to reach over 2,000,000m2, making western and south regions of the it the second largest employment Sydney metropolitan area. centre in NSW after the Sydney CBD.
The Macquarie Shopping Centre on Herring Road is currently being extended. When completed in October 2014, it will be the largest retail centre in Sydney.
6 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY AT THE INTERSECTION OF SYDNEY’S GLOBAL ARC AND THE A3 CORRIDOR
MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY WITHIN MACQUARIE PARK CORRIDOR
7 1. INTRODUCTION
1.4 THE PLANNING LEGACY
1.4.1 The 1964 Campus Plan Macquarie was seen as a motor The fi rst Master Plan embodied a vehicle University, refl ecting the number of attributes which remain Macquarie University was planned view in the 1960s that mass public valid. These include: from the outset to refl ect a specifi c transport to Macquarie was unlikely. academic philosophy of a single Despite this, importance was placed – a grid structure that is accessible, degree. The plan by Walter Abraham on a pedestrian-friendly Academic particularly by pedestrians gave rise to academic precincts Core, with parking located clear of – alternate grids serving (broadly termed Humanities, Social future expansion areas and forming pedestrians and utility/service Sciences and Sciences, rather than an arc around the south side of the functions the more traditional faculties) tied core. – a grid that defi nes building sites together by an academic centre through the Academic Core comprising the library, student union The main vehicular entry was from – orientation to the north in a and administration. Epping and Balaclava Roads, with tightly-knit academic core Herring and Culloden Roads as – building sites outside the This structure required a compact minor entries. This later changed as academic core which are not Academic Core that allowed the eastern section of Waterloo Road as strictly orientated due to students to move from one end became more important, with the topography, external street of the campus to the other in ten build up of the North Ryde industrial frontage or visual considerations minutes, a distance of around area and the opening of Macquarie – divisions of studies into defi ned 800m. To emphasise this, a major Shopping Centre in the early 1980s. precincts pedestrian spine was planned. This – a concept of a shared central core setting provided opportunity for The internal road network was – an east-west pedestrian spine organic expansion, centred on a clear designed to access the car parks (wally’s walk) as the main access way and a defi ned area. While and allow buses to use Macquarie pedestrian spine of the Academic the whole campus is much larger Drive and University Avenue, south Core and the one-degree philosophy of the Academic Core. The built form – landscaping as one of the key has changed, the original compact developed to include a pedestrian features of the University Academic Core remains the focal precinct surrounded by car parking – ground level car parking, point. access and service roads, refl ecting providing the potential as a ‘land this southern access. The campus was planned in a north- bank’ for future expansion south, east-west direction, so that – Macquarie University as a Pedestrian ways and service roads ‘campus in the park’, with the access to sunlight is optimised. were based on a 300-foot square grid The academic and administration Mars Creek parkland as a that also provided a site for each core valuable recreation area and buildings, and access networks, building. were positioned at 45 degrees to the landscaped foreground to the surrounding road network and the Academic Core creeks that bisect the campus. – non-academic buildings, such as student housing, located on the This has given a distinctive geometry periphery of the site to the campus and infl uenced the layout of roads, pedestrian ways and relationships of buildings.
8 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
FIRST CAMPUS PLAN, C.1970
9 1. INTRODUCTION
1.4.2 The 1984 Draft The plan also: – considered two growth Development Plan options - a dispersed option – proposed a central point of and a consolidated option. When Conybeare Morrison was arrival on Macquarie Drive, with a The consolidated option was commissioned to prepare the second landscaped axis and forecourt recommended so as to confi ne plan in 1984, the functional zones – identifi ed the site for future the campus to the southern side were generally in place, refl ecting the development on the periphery, of Mars Creek, enabling large development over the fi rst 20 years: refl ecting the earlier plan and peripheral sites to be left for including the proposed location the Academic Core was largely future University or associated – for the Macquarie Graduate consolidated in the central area development School of Management (MGSM) the open space concept sought to – parking occupied the area south – – discussed a continuation of a of the campus reinforce the original landscape 1:1 Floor Space Ratio (FSR), but the open space and parklands lay structure plan for the University, – anticipating that higher FSRs may north of the Academic Core including the two creek landscape be necessary in the future systems. – student housing and colleges – highlighted a number of were sited in eastern areas peripheral sites for academic The 1984 Draft Development fronting Herring Road purposes Plan included the following key – the Australian Film Television and – identifi ed the need for 5,500 recommendations: Radio School (AFTRS) was located car spaces when the student to the west numbers totalled 20,000 and – consolidation of the existing the sports fi elds were developed – recommended decked car campus north of Talavera Road parking over existing surface car – decked parking to avoid more land take for additional car The 1984 Draft Development Plan parks spaces generally reinforced the initial plan, – recommended completion of an – allocation of primary sites for with a particular emphasis on the internal road network, particularly academic area expansion retention of meaningful open spaces linking the Culloden Road entry – allocation of secondary sites for within the Academic Core, as more with the other entrances expansion of associated academic buildings were developed in the – recommended improvement and uses comparatively restricted area. identifi cation of two main entry points : Epping/Balaclava Roads – preservation of existing major and Herring/ Waterloo Roads open space areas and views – linking the three entry points with an internal road 01 Macquarie University c.1970 02 Macquarie University campus prior to development 03 Macquarie University c.1970
01 02
10 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
It combined the three basic essentials 1.4.3 The Campus Development 1.4.4 The 2009 Concept Plan of movement, open space and Plan 2004 The August 2009 Concept Plan development areas. The pedestrian The 2004 review of the Campus provided a formal statutory approval system, road and parking networks Development Plan responded to the and a planning tool to guide the future were clearly articulated. A clear changing context within which the development of the site. The plan distinction was also made between University campus was located. There was developed in response to, and to sites for expansion of the Academic had been signifi cant infrastructure and complement, the 2004 Macquarie Park Core and those for new academic- land-use changes within the Macquarie Corridor Master Plan prepared by the related uses. Park corridor which would have NSW State Government. The 1984 Draft Development Plan signifi cant impacts on the University. Approval was secured for up introduced new academic sites through The key events affecting the to 536,000m2 of commercial infi ll of the Academic Core. In doing development of the University from development, an additional 61,200m2 this, it also set aside an area as a clear 1984 to 2004 were: of academic space and 3,450 additional point of arrival from Macquarie Drive, student housing beds. The plan was highlighting the need for an open space – the development of MURP based on comprehensive analysis and link back to the main courtyard and the (Macquarie University Research a clear understanding of the context, open space beyond. Park) within the campus and was developed with stakeholder boundary consultation. It called for: – the MGSM (Macquarie Graduate School of Management) – increased densities around the – student numbers exceeded the new railway station original target of 20,000 – peripheral parking and limited – the development of the M2 vehicular penetration in the Motorway Academic Core – fi nal stages of the Sydney Orbital – protection of open space and were either completed or under drainage corridors construction, including the: – pedestrian linkages with – M7 Motorway surrounding residential, – Lane Cove Tunnel commercial and retail uses – M5 Motorway – a strong planning grid and clear – Eastern Distributor road network – the development of the Macquarie – wide variety of uses to ensure Park Corridor a viable and sustainable urban – the commencement of the environment Parramatta Rail Link (PRL) and – adoption of ecologically the Macquarie University rail sustainable development 03 station principles – Sydney’s population growth from 3.3 million (1984) to 4.2 million With the opening of the rail station in (2004). 2008, Macquarie University became the most accessible university by rail and motorway anywhere in Australia, while promoting industry linkages and retaining its landscape setting.
The 2009 Concept Approval addresses this in part, but does not fully address the extent of growth and intensifi cation which is now possible on campus.
11 1. INTRODUCTION
1.5 MASTER PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Building on the framework identifi ed – testing of academic growth 1.5.1 The Charette Process and in the 2009 Concept Master Plan, the scenarios: Key Outcomes 2013/2014 review of the Master Plan – staff has involved: – graduate students A key component in the development – site investigations and review of – undergraduate students of the Master Plan was a full day the campus facilities – international students charette held at Macquarie University – a review of each of the previous – space per student in May 2013. This workshop explored Master Plans for the campus, – EFTSL/Enrolled students the conceptual and the physical since its inception – identifi cation of campus requirements for future development. – an analysis of current practice population growth assumption It was chaired by the Vice-Chancellor and potential changes in teaching – development of the public domain and included many experienced and and learning methodology framework expert specialists from both Australia – consultation with stakeholders and overseas. The aim was to draw to determine current needs and As an initial focus for development on global expertise and experience to desires for the campus in the of the plan, a process of stakeholder create a world-leading framework for future consultation has taken place. This the future development and growth – considering broad development has included: of the University. principles for the future campus – development of options for the – engagement with the University form of the campus, leading to a Executive. preferred Master Plan – consultation with academic – continued analysis of future representatives regarding directions in consultation with the Research and Administration University: future needs. – teaching and learning – development and fi nalisation of strategies whole campus Master Plan – research directions – preparation of a strategy for all – interface and collaboration existing buildings with industry including – identifi cation of key projects commercial development which might act as a catalyst for – conference and meeting the updated Master Plan opportunities – development of a phasing strategy – student accommodation – place making workshops and – space utilisation analysis – university commercial objectives
12 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
Four key outcomes were identifi ed: 2 Campus Heart 4 Sense of Place
1 Entrance and Identity – the University should have a – respond to the growing desire number of places for different from students and staff to feel from Herring Road characters and purposes that are a part of something bigger and – create an iconic entrance or activated at different times a sense of belonging to the ‘photography moment’ that also – places should be connected and organisation becomes a part of the brand and distinctive, making the campus – create opportunities for engages people as soon as they memorable teaching outdoors by providing arrive, potentially including a – the landscape experience could infrastructure such as Wi-Fi and strong landscaping component be a signifi cant part of the outdoor learning spaces – develop a mixture of commercial character of the University – plan for mix of uses throughout and University activities at the the University, creating a mini- entrance of the campus to 3 Public Realm University town maximise economic values, while – the public realm should refl ect – create opportunities for more ensuring the University presence the campus brand and identity – interdisciplinary interaction by is obvious for example the natural landscape bringing people together from – route vehicles away from the – outdoor learning spaces could different faculties into new or main pedestrian fl ow as early become a unique part of the neutral spaces (for example a as possible after entering the University’s culture and teaching central food court) – encouraging campus practices students, researchers and staff – develop the relationship to the – the built form should recognise to meet people they would not Herring Road Urban Activation the creeks and natural normally encounter Precinct, transport interchange environmental, creating – undertake further planning of and regional shopping centre, distinctive spaces the growing health precinct particularly in regards to the – a more user-friendly network on campus, to ensure its potential development of a Civic of pathways in and around surrounding area is protected Square the University should connect should it wish to expand. This the different precincts and also includes space for a hospital spaces, maximising pedestrian garden that could look out over accessibility and amenity the lake
13 1. INTRODUCTION
1.6 CURRENT STATUTORY CONTROLS AND APPROVALS PATHWAYS
The currently in-force statutory precedence, is as follows (to the 1.6.1 Urban Activation Precinct planning regime governing the extent of any inconsistencies The Urban Activation Precinct (UAP) planning for, and development of, between these): program, announced in March 2013, the Macquarie University (MQU) is a State Government initiative campus is: – The approved Part 3A MQU Campus Concept Plan (and aimed at delivering more homes – the 2009 approved Part 3A its associated Precinct-based and jobs in places with access Macquarie University Campus Urban Design Guidelines and to infrastructure, transport and Concept Plan Design Excellence Strategies, services, together with increased – the gazetted provisions of requirements arising from the amenities, services and improved Schedule 3 Part 21 of State conditions of approval and the public spaces. New land use and Environmental Planning Policy approved fi nal Statement of transport plans will be matched (Major Development) 2005 – Commitments) by the development of Growth Macquarie University site (The – The SSS listing of the Macquarie Infrastructure Plans. Major Development SEPP). University site under the Major The majority of the Macquarie Development SEPP University is within the Herring Road This listing makes the Macquarie – Ryde LEP 2010, or any UAP. University campus a State Signifi cant subsequently gazetted LEP Site (SSS) under current legislation. – Any relevant DCP prepared and The adoption of the UAP at adopted by Ryde City Council The Macquarie University campus Macquarie University may see a change of land use to create greater Concept Plan was approved by the Ryde Council’s LEP 2010 contains fl exibility in land use distribution then Minister for Planning on 13 signifi cant zoning, density and other across the campus. Along the August 2009, whilst the SSS was development control inconsistencies Herring Road frontage, increased gazetted on 11 September 2009. The with the Concept Plan and SSS heights and specifi c fl oor area current listing of the MQU campus listing. Due to these inconsistencies, controls have been identifi ed in this as a SSS prevails over Council’s LEP and the overall legislated hierarchy, important transport interface zone. 2010 and any other environmental the LEP controls have little effect. planning instrument – see clause 4 of the SSS listing. It should be further noted that the original intent of SSS listings was Similarly, the approved Concept that they apply until such time as the Plan by (virtue of Clause 3B(2) next comprehensive LEP is prepared (f) of Schedule 6A - Transitional and gazetted. In theory, the next arrangements, repeal of Part 3A Ryde LEP should pick up and adopt under the Environmental Planning the range of controls, standards and and Assessment Act 1979 [the Act]) other provisions currently contained will continue to have effect and apply within the SSS listing and provide despite any provisions in either any for continuation of these provisions, environmental planning instrument albeit in a LEP not a SEPP. To date (SEPPs, LEPs) or a DCP. this has not been achieved.
This provision provides the Concept A range of other State Environmental Plan with unprecedented power Planning Policies (SEPPs) also apply and until this provision is amended to the site (by virtue that they apply to or repealed, the general planning the State), or as a result of a type of regime hierarchy, in order of development being proposed.
14 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
HERRING ROAD UAP AREA 15
2 OUR UNIVERSITY A FRAMING OF FUTURES 2. OUR UNIVERSITY A FRAMING OF FUTURES
2.1 STRATEGIC REVIEW 2.2 KEY OBJECTIVES The strategy identifi es a policy of developing academic quality rather Since its establishment in 1964, The strategy identifi es four key than simple growth with a refocusing Macquarie University has benefi tted objectives: from Macquarie’s traditional from both a clear physical Master strengths towards Science and Plan and a strong strategic – To build an overarching collective Medicine and closer synergies with framework. sense of purpose that binds the research and postgraduate studies. University as an institution now It seeks to raise the profi le of the Now some 50 years since its and into the future University and to make the best use establishment, Macquarie University – To promote the history and of the campus. has, through the new strategy Our narrative of Macquarie University University – A Framing of Futures, as a leader in innovation in The A Framing of Futures strategy identifi ed a clear vision of its education, focused excellence in sets a series of priorities to guide future as a leading Australian and research the future of the University. Those international University. – To develop wider engagement that relate to the development of the with corporate, industry and Master Plan are highlighted in blue The strategy seeks to build business partners as well as the in the strategy reproduced below. Macquarie as a truly distinctive professions University on both the Australian – To modernise systems, and international stage. It positions processes and the approach Macquarie as different and innovative to communication so that they with achievements such as the PACE are responsive, coordinated and program of civic and institutional effi cient to support the realisation participation, the acceleration of of Macquarie’s fundamental discovery in discrete areas, the academic potential and purpose. fostering of emergent partnerships with corporate and community institutions on and off campus, and the establishment of a unique academic health precinct.
VIEW TOWARD MARS CREEK LAKE 18 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
Our Purpose, Vision and Values Macquarie University’s Academic – increasing interdisciplinary research by Foundations and Partnerships removing structural barriers Purpose – improving research training to prepare Macquarie is a university of service and 1. A culture of transformative in our graduate students to achieve the engagement: a research enriched environment highest impact in careers both within – we serve and engage our students and and outside the academy staff through transformative learning Teaching and learning is at the centre of – improving our facilities for research to and life experiences our purpose. Macquarie University has ensure they are of world class standing – we serve and engage the world through already developed a number of innovative – placing early emphasis on streamlining discovery, dissemination of knowledge education programs that are transforming the administration of research in order lives. and ideas, innovation and deep to free researchers to focus on that which they alone can do partnerships. We will: – leading the fi eld in research Vision – offer an experience, within formal productive research partnerships and settings and beyond, that changes the We aspire to be: collaborations both within and outside lives of our students, supports them in the academy. – a destination of choice for staff and achieving their aspirations and which students who share our values is an incubator for the next generation 3. Aligning the nature and size of the – deeply connected with our stakeholders of leaders University for the future and partners, and known for this – expand PACE as a signature program globally that distinguishes this University – ranked among the highest performing – infuse cutting edge technology into our Throughout the consultation, one of the research universities of Australia and, learning environment to deliver world- most abiding themes was the desire to have a greater sense of sustainable for key disciplines, to be recognised class learning and teaching on campus community within the University. Our globally for our preeminence and online – known across Australia and beyond as capacity to achieve and maintain a – develop and lead teaching models culture of caring for the wellbeing of all custodians of a remarkable University that promote enquiry-driven learning members of the community and our campus that blends the vibrancy of a and prepares students for productive physical environment will be constrained by cosmopolitan university village with a professional and civic lives unrelenting growth. Accordingly our focus setting of Australian natural bushland. – imbue our academic and professional will be on: Values staff with a culture of transformative – rightsizing our student body learning, expand their horizons and As custodians of Macquarie University, we – balancing the diversity of country of value: nurture their capabilities . origin of our international intake and – Scholarship - We believe learning, the domestic/international mix 2. An accelerating and impactful – increasing research student enquiry and discovery improves lives. performance in discovery – Integrity - We conduct ourselves enrolments ethically, equitably, and for mutual – building on our commitment to benefi t. The recent acceleration of research inclusiveness through targeted and performance at Macquarie has been – Empowerment - We make our sustainable collaborative programs outstanding. We will further our community a source of strength and with key external partners to recruit performance in research by: creativity. and support Indigenous and low socio- – increasing academic staff numbers economic status students Through our actions, as staff and students, and strengthening succession planning – aligning and resourcing our investment we live these values and it is against them across the University in support systems and infrastructure that we hold ourselves accountable. – continuing to invest in areas of existing with our academic and scholarly goals strength and adding new areas where these offer long-term sustainability
19 2. OUR UNIVERSITY A FRAMING OF FUTURES
4. Creating an innovation nexus where Connecting Macquarie with Key Supporting Enablers Macquarie and our partners contribute the World of Success for Macquarie solutions to the world and develop lasting relationships 5. Emboldening Macquarie University’s in the Future international presence and recognition 6. Developing a vibrant and sustainable campus, clearly at the centre of a Over recent years, Macquarie has made rapidly changing neighbourhood in the major investments in targeted areas that Macquarie University has over 130,000 have strong external relationships, e.g. alumni across Australia and 100 international, cosmopolitan city of Sydney medicine, healthcare and hearing. We countries. We are among the nation’s leading providers of education for need to consolidate and expand these With strong commitment to wise international students. Around one third investments. Therefore, we will extend stewardship of the endowment of our of the University’s undergraduate and our engagement locally and beyond by: valuable landholding, we will: postgraduate enrolments have come – delivering Australia ‘s fi rst from overseas, and a similar proportion of – develop an inspiring and engaging university-led integrated academic our research students are international. campus that physically represents all health campus to bring education, We also have numerous international that is good about Macquarie biomedical and translational collaborations at multiple levels of – align our pedagogy and research with research together with state-of-the- engagement. In refreshing our outreach the development of new facilities and art clinical care and international approach, we will: the renovation of existing facilities – utilise our land asset as a vehicle – expanding our relationship with – emphasise the outcomes and impact of to accelerate our development of Cochlear and other hearing-related our work both internally and for society alternative sources of revenue entities so as to be internationally at large – open up the Macquarie campus recognised as a world-leading center – reach out to alumni and friends of the community and its assets to a diverse of excellence in hearing University to engage with us in our range of community, arts, business work in Australia and around the world – engaging more strategically and incubators and other potential partners – establish a truly global student sustainably for mutual advantage and collaborators with similar goals population by diversifying the country with the neighbouring technology and aspirations to our own of origin for student enrolments corridor, as well as industry, – adhere fi rmly to our commitment to the (undergraduate, postgraduate and commerce, corporations and principles of sustainability in all we do. higher government beyond degree research) partnering and working – – focus on enhancing opportunities 7. Improving those aspects of our support collaboratively with leading global for Macquarie students to study services to realise this aspiration and and local NGOs, foundations and internationally, especially in Asia vision similar organisations – improve students’ capacity to engage Our systems and processes do not – developing new opportunities for in Asia by offering relevant language adequately prepare us to meet the student/staff engagement and work programs challenges ahead. Accordingly, we will: with University partners – create and promote opportunities for – using our land asset to support our Macquarie staff to teach and work – strengthen our approach to scholarly and academic goals by overseas with our partner institutions recruitment, development, retention and renewal of high-performing staff bringing key partners onto campus – continue to endorse extensive and diverse collaboration for our individual – ensure our systems, infrastructure academic staff and seek to build investments and resource allocation more collaborative opportunities for are deeply aligned with our academic professional staff mission, goals and priorities – ensure that University- and Faculty- – seek at all times to simplify and clarify level relationships will be only those systems, processes and policies so as that are deep, broadly based and to free up academic and professional sustainable staff time and minimise unproductive – commit to developing a limited number duplication or lack of integration across of “mentoring” relationships with support services. developing academic institutions – invest in modernising our systems – pursue the potential of at least one and processes through teams drawn creative and deep multi-institutional together from across the University international partnership (we will not, including the Faculties and Divisions however, create an off-shore, free- – invest only in systems and processes standing campus). which are both signifi cantly effective and effi cient have greater regard to comprehensive identifi cation and mitigation of risk within the University.
20 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
01
01 Central Courtyard 02 02 Library from West
21
3 CAMPUS GROWTH 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.1 ACADEMIC AND A common theme of the studies In the context of administration, ORGANISATIONAL has been the need to support the there is the ability of the University to REVIEW University’s strategic plan, and the grow its student and staff population need for sectoral and divisional plans without a commensurate increase to fl ow from a consistent approach. in administrative staff numbers, and As part of the Campus Master the effi ciency benefi ts that fl ow from Plan review, studies have been At the best of times, forecasting technology-enabled systems and undertaken by specialist consultant space demand can be diffi cult, not process improvements. In the context Learning Space Logic on potential only in terms of the timing and of learning and teaching, there is accommodation strategies for quantum of student population continuing evolution of pedagogy, the each of the University’s research, growth, but also variables such as needs of new generations of students administration and learning and government policy initiatives (for and the ability of staff to respond to teaching functions. example, international students), the challenges those needs generate. local and international competition The strategies have been based upon from other universities and education As a result, space forecasting in consultation with the executive and service providers, and the state of the each of the operational categories senior staff of both the University national economy. needs to be considered on a ‘balance as a whole and of each of the four of probability’ basis and detailed faculties, on a review of benchmarks There are also discipline-specifi c planning undertaken as series of and with reference to the University’s infl uences. In the context of research, scenarios. strategic plans. Each study identifi ed variables include the opportunities the potential demand for space to secure key research personnel in each of the accommodation and grants, student demand, categories, the nature of that space advances in technology and external . and appropriate locations. collaboration and partnerships.
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Growth Annualised 2003-2010 Growth
RMIT University 27,381 28,061 28,128 30,323 32,001 34,588 36,087 38,624 41.1% 5.04% Macquarie University 18,988 19,677 19,891 20,788 21,408 22,480 24,882 26,661 40.4% 4.97% University of Wollongong 15,000 15,290 16,291 15,859 16,351 17,408 19,171 20,737 38.2% 4.74% Griffith University 23,364 23,789 24,992 25,729 26,693 27,743 30,006 31,902 36.5% 4.55% The University of Newcastle 17,401 17,255 17,605 17,804 18,779 20,058 21,930 23,417 34.6% 4.33% The University of New South Wales 29,341 27,907 27,051 27,289 30,404 32,329 33,845 36,665 25.0% 3.23% Monash University 38,833 40,552 40,429 40,576 41,665 42,826 46,195 48,518 24.9% 3.23% La Trobe University 20,664 20,781 20,293 21,439 21,953 22,386 23,548 25,102 21.5% 2.82% The University of Queensland 29,391 29,329 28,955 29,066 29,339 29,803 32,047 34,932 18.9% 2.50% University of Technology, Sydney 21,076 21,694 21,997 23,090 22,800 22,887 23,960 24,511 16.3% 2.20% Queensland University of Technology 28,187 28,314 27,632 27,546 28,551 28,896 30,144 31,144 10.5% 1.44% The University of Melbourne 32,869 33,612 33,713 33,949 34,696 35,488 35,887 36,566 11.2% 1.53% The University of Sydney 36,640 36,589 36,024 35,582 36,132 37,165 38,743 39,711 8.4% 1.16%
TABLE 3.1 – AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY GROWTH 2003–2010 (EFTSL)
24 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
3.1.1 Creating Communities 3.1.2 Creating Precincts 3.1.3 Accommodating Research The accommodation strategies In physical terms, these communities Research excellence forms the have a common theme in their need physical presence and, as the foundation of the University’s need to sustain the ‘communities of University grows, it will become aspiration to ‘build prestige’ and interest’ within the University. These increasingly diffi cult to continue to recent ERA results are testament communities cannot be served by collocate all functions and interests to the success of the CORES space alone. A holistic approach about the centre of the campus. (Concentration of Research needs to combine space, technology, Accordingly, the accommodation Excellence) program and to the pedagogy, mind sets, systems and strategy studies conclude that quality of the University’s research processes must be devised. a precinct-based approach to effort. The accommodation strategy campus growth be considered. for research proposes a number of Key objectives within these These precincts are in part historic, important initiatives to maintain this communities are: refl ecting current centres of activity, momentum: and part aspirational, in that they – Research – the need to exist do not directly relate to current – the creation of ‘homeland’ in both the physical and virtual organisational structures. workspace for research-active world and extend beyond the staff, typically centred around boundaries of the campus. Of particular signifi cance is the the academic departments, – Administration - the need designation of a shared central complemented by University- to reinforce a sense of team precinct which contains University- wide networks to encourage and common purpose across wide functions, and the southern and support inter-disciplinary operations that of necessity must ‘enterprise’ precinct, which provides collaborative research be dispersed across the campus. a focus for the University’s outward – the classifi cation of research – Learning and teaching - the facing partnerships and alliances. space into generic (offi ce based or need to support and encourage ‘dry’ research), specialist (grant a diverse community of At the heart of each precinct is or subject-specifi c), and hub professionals that transcends proposed a series of hubs that (providing centralised, discipline- traditional faculty and demonstrate the precinct’s identity based resources, including departmental boundaries who and purpose, provide a focus for pooled equipment, space and are seeking to devise new and student and academic life, and resources, that are independent innovating pedagogies to motivate enable the University’s localised of the departments), with a long and inspire their students. services to be easily accessed. term intent to migrate the bulk of research activity to the hubs – creation of discipline-focused research hubs in central locations within the campus precincts: – East Precinct - Biological/ Life Sciences Hub, Physics/ Engineering Hub, Materials Science/Earth Sciences Hub, Business and Economics Hub – South Precinct - Hearing Hub, Psychology Hub – West Precinct - Media Hub, Education Hub – Central Precinct - Museums and Collections Hub – assessment and allocation of research space based on nominated benchmarks and active monitoring and management of CENTRAL COURTYARD research space utilisation. 25 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.1.4 Accommodating In physical terms, and in line with ‘Spoke’ functions that would be Administration the concept of campus precincts, located relative to their area the following aggregation of of operation, including local The University currently has four administrative functions is proposed: collocation where practicable principal administrative sectors: to form centres of activity and – ‘Hub’ functions would be Executive – focused on the destinations for students and – collocated in three centres: Chancellery staff, would be: - Student Services/Campus The Executive is currently - faculty administrations Experience centralised - student services operations - Central Services, comprising Central – encompassing HR, IT, - facility management and – Finance, HR, IT, Marketing, Finance, Marketing, Property etc works operations Advancement Development, Dispersed across the campus, It is also recommended that the Property, Teaching and with HR, IT, Finance, Property, University adopt new workplace Learning. “Central” in Teaching and Learning all located models more closely aligned with this context refers to the in different buildings contemporary workplace standards, organisational role of these Student – services and ‘campus including the integration of space, – functions, not necessarily experience’ technology and processes to facilitate their location. As long as they Student Services/Experience is workplace mobility, the provision are co-located, they could focused in two locations – one of work settings that support both be located anywhere on the at the centre of campus and the collaborative and concentrative campus other at the Sports and Aquatic working in a fl exible and adaptable - Chancellery, comprising the Centre environment, and the adoption of University Executive, noting Academic – faculties and commercially-based workplace – that it would be operationally departments. standards for occupational density. advantageous for the Academic administration workspace for the Executive resides primarily in Faculty and to be collocated with Central Department offi ces Services and the Chancellery While it would be highly be a ceremonial/conferencing/ advantageous in terms of operational functions facility effi ciency to have all of the University’s administrative functions centralised and collocated, in reality this is not practicable for reasons of accessibility of services and proximity to customers.
Some administrative functions need to be visible and highly accessible, others do not.
The model of physical hubs and virtual networks for research accommodation applies equally to Administration. At issue is the need to ensure the right balance between centrally located ‘centralised’ administration, precinct-based ‘centralised’ administration and precinct-based local administration. This tri-partite model is one of ‘hub and spokes’. C3C LIBRARY 26 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
3.1.5 Accommodating Learning of traditional approaches. The This program will take some years and Teaching emphasis therefore becomes one of to take effect and it is recommended supporting diversity and providing that in order to relieve current The strategy proposed for learning choice. space pressures and to accelerate and teaching has been built from the innovation program, a central a study by Arina Consulting in In addition to traditional lecture experimental learning and teaching 2011 which identifi ed a signifi cant theatres and seminar rooms, the centre be established that provides shortfall in the University’s teaching University needs to consider the a combination of informal and space relative to contemporary provision of spaces to support new structured learning spaces, with the benchmarks, one that would be learning models: latter being: exacerbated by further growth in the student population. The study – interactive lectures, where – one or more medium sized proposed that this shortfall be students work in groups as well lecture theatres modelled on mitigated by: as receiving didactic instruction the C5C Forum but with greater – breakout lectures, where students capacity – an increase in the use of move to supplementary spaces to – one or more fl at fl oor teaching e-learning (which reduces space undertake group work space confi gured to be used demand) – remote lectures, where lectures either for traditional lectures or the adoption of trimester – are broadcast from elsewhere on “TEAL” group learning academic year (which extends the the campus or from another site – a suite of smaller seminar rooms use of current facilities) – group learning, where students capable of accommodating the development of more effective – work corroboratively in a students in group learning mode methodologies for space demand technology-rich environment forecasting (increasing space – project-based learning, where The refurbishment of the original utilisation) students work through a Library as a new learning common is – the development of more fl exible cycle of conception, design, an initial step in this process. learning spaces implementation and operation within a multi-purpose The strategy also recommends that: The learning and teaching environment accommodation strategy – immersion learning, where – all future learning and teaching recommends that the provision of computer generated simulations space be provided within the learning and teaching space should are used as a primary learning Central campus precinct to be derived from and aligned with the tool facilitate access and optimise University’s Learning and Teaching – self-directed learning, where utilisation, except where proximity plan, particularly with respect to students undertake papers in to specialist functions are required pedagogical outcomes their own time, either individually required and technology. It identifi es the or in groups, using pre-recorded – the use of social media as a need for pedagogical innovation or purpose designed learning communication tool for staff and to be encouraged and supported programs and tools students be explored to enable through the provision of experimental ‘just-in-time’ timetabling that learning and teaching space and of The strategy notes the importance provides access to learning space staff support associated with this. of evidence-based design in devising on a short-term rather than these new types of environments and semester-long basis The strategy notes, however, that to that end it is recommended that – resources be made available to traditional approaches to learning the University initiate a structured assist academic staff in the use of and teaching are still relevant for programme of piloting and these new forms of learning and many staff and students and the two assessing ‘new generation’ learning teaching space models therefore need to coexist. environments, continuing and Hence those staff and students who augmenting the work of this nature wish to experiment with new learning that has already been undertaken and teaching techniques are able with the C5C Learning Forum. to do so, but not at the expense
27 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.2 STUDENT GROWTH The University has now identifi ed Building on the original planning a vision for the future where the concept, based on a fi ve minute walk 3.2.1 Enrolments campus will grow to include new between academic precincts and courses, increased research and new the Central Courtyard, new teaching Since the early 2000s, Macquarie commercial partnerships. Growth spaces can extend out to the new University has been one of the fastest will be based on quality not quantity Arts faculty in the west and over time growing universities in Australia. of students. move into the north of the Academic Core towards Talavera Road. In the 2004 Campus Development In 2013 there were a total of 37,921 Plan, growth to 2044 was predicted enrolled students. These are made New pedestrian links will however to be at around 1.0% per annum. up of: draw these new zones back to the Enrolments at the University were heart of the campus which is focused expected to reach 33,000 Effective – 25,603 Full-time students on the new University Common and Full Time Student Load (EFTSL) in – 12,318 Part-time students shared facilities in the centre of the 2044. Academic Core. International students make up Growth, in reality, has been 33% of enrolments. There are In planning for capacity however, signifi cantly faster. In 2003 there 1,288 academic staff and 1,423 the Master Plan may be seen as were 18,988 EFTSL, however this professional staff. independent of the actual rate of had grown to 26,661 EFTSL by 2010. growth. A wide range of factors This represents an annualised rate New academic growth would require will impact just how quickly growth of 5% per annum between 2003 and new facilities and new buildings, and occurs (change in priorities, 2010. Growth between 2008 and 2010 over the next 50 years, there will be government policy, new courses averaged almost 9% per annum. extensive change and renewal across etc), and the Master Plan does an expanded Academic Core. not attempt to identify a target. Based on this dramatic increase, Understanding how growth occurs a series of long-term options have Very often, growth is pushed to the will facilitate planning for change and been modelled to test the impacts edges of a campus where green fi eld delivering new facilities in a timely of different growth rates. Scenarios sites offer easier outcomes. The manner. ranging from 30,000 to 50,000 EFTSL effect of this is often to de-activate were identifi ed. the heart of a campus.
Using the 2010 enrolments as a base, different growth scenarios delivered the following timeframes to reach a notional 50,000 EFTSL capacity:
– 2% pa growth – 50,000 EFTSL by 2042 – 3.5% pa growth – 50,000 EFTSL by 2028 – 5% pa growth – 50,000 EFTSL by 2023
EASTERN LEARNING HUB, MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY 28 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
3.2.2 Space Requirements refurbishment of the AFTRS as Actual growth will inevitably vary the Arts Faculty in 2010 and the from any assumptions made – new A critical element in planning for the completion of the new Library in course requirements, changes in future is the space required to deliver 2011, the average fl oor area across teaching methods and different programmes at the University. the Academic Core has dropped faculty growth factors will all have 2 Space utilisation within universities to 7.6m /EFTSL (26,661 EFTSLs impacts – however the model 2 varies across the different faculties. occupying around 203,000m ). This identifi es the potential growth in fl oor Analysis by the Tertiary Education reduction from the 2004 target area across the Academic Core. Facilities Management Association average is consistent with reported The range of useable fl oor area (TEFMA) shows that technical and shortfalls in teaching space on the across faculties varies due to science faculties have the highest campus. differing faculty space needs. demand for fl oor area (Science can The average overall gross fl oor These fi gures are constantly reach almost 18m2/EFTSL). Within area per student across Australian under review as course delivery these fi gures, the average student universities is 13m2/EFTSL. This is methods evolve. These changes uses around 3.6m2 of common space a ratio of the total area of teaching are refl ected in changes to area (general uses, shared classrooms, and support spaces to the number of needs.(Recommended standards for administration, service and support effective full time students enrolled. students are identifi ed in the TEFMA uses etc). This average includes space intensive Space Planning Guidelines Edition 3). Because of its high percentage of courses such as engineering and The future campus will need to space-effi cient courses, Macquarie medicine that are not currently major function quite differently and with University has traditionally had a streams at Macquarie University. the increased student population, relatively low average gross fl oor As the course profi le at Macquarie decentralisation of services (for area (GFA) per student (7.6m2/ changes, so too will the space example, food and beverage outlets) EFTSL in 2011). Without large, requirements. can be expected. Most importantly, space intensive courses such as In forecasting growth and identifying these models provide a basis for engineering and science, Macquarie fl oor area on campus, two elements testing the growth of fl oor area University is currently on the lower will impact target fl oor areas: across the campus. end of national space provision benchmarks. – changes to enrolments As the University refi nes its – changes to course mix projections, the model can be The 2004 Development Concept adjusted to refl ect changes in faculty Plan identifi ed a target gross sizes and assumptions about average fl oor area of 8.5m2/EFTSL. The fl oor area per student. accelerated growth of the campus over the last decade has impacted . space standards and even with the
Range of Sizes of Institutions Gross Floor Area (GFA) LOW MID UPPER GFA/EFTS < 12m2/ EFTSL 12 to17m2/ EFTSL 12 to17m2/ EFTSL % of University campus in range 33% 46% 21%
Source TEFMA
TABLE 3.2 – AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY GROSS FLOOR SPACE RANGES
29 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.2.3 Changing Delivery Models extension of the academic year to make better use of building It is clear, even from the changes assets since 2004, that changing course – Potential for new space types structures, hours and methodology such as ‘learning hubs’ which have signifi cant impacts on space combine relationships to requirements. academic facilities with food, Signifi cant changes recognised in beverage and social services previous studies include: – Short-term increase in learning seats with the provision of the – changes from formal teaching to Learning Centre (Library) a mixture of formal and informal – Likely shortfall of learning/study study space in the near future – evolutionary changes in pedagogy – e-learning” with simultaneous broadcast or on-demand electronic provision of lectures – ‘fl exi lectures’ with sharing alternate room bookings for the same space – Variable utilisation of teaching spaces, as these new techniques are adopted – Trimester now underway for trimester teaching and an
Broad Academic Category ASCED Code m2 UFA /EFTSL 2002 2008-2009 01 – Natural and Physical Sciences 10 8 02 – Information Technology 2 4.5 03 – Engineering and Related Technologies 10 6.7 04 – Architecture & Building 6 8 05 – Agriculture, Environmental & Related Studies 5 No data 06 – Health 14 No data 07 – Education 3 3.7 08 – Management & Commerce 1 1.3 09 – Society and Culture 3.5 2.1 10 – Creative Arts 6 6.1 11 – Food, Hospitality and Personal Services 6.5 No data 12 – Mixed Field Programs Insufficient data No data
UFA=66% of GFA Source TEFMA Space Planning Guidelines
TABLE 3.3 – TEFMA SPACE AVERAGES
30 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
3.3 RESEARCH NEEDS The study has identifi ed both – facilities provided for University qualitative and quantitative strategies partners on campus such as The expansion of both research and for accommodating the University’s – Cochlear post graduate programs are seen as research and administrative – The Australian Hearing Hub critical to Macquarie’s future. functions over a 20 year horizon. – Macquarie University Hospital – tenants within the Research The University has previously Provision for research should Park identifi ed a target to rank amongst include: - other business partners the top 200 research intensive universities in the world by 2014. – research spaces within faculties At this stage, development lots The Australian Research Council’s – allowance for variable rates of created by the Master Plan allow Excellence in Research for Australia growth over time fl exible depth of future buildings and (ERA) benchmark of all 41 Australian – allowance for security and as needs arise, specifi c fl oor plate universities and assessed, 80 per confi dentiality of the research design can be accommodated. The cent of Macquarie’s research activity process, particularly where illustrative form of the Master Plan was rated as performing at world commercially sensitive work is assumes typical maximum fl oor standard or higher. undertaken in campus plates of 25-30m depth, consistent – increasing proportions of with typical contemporary laboratory A study of research needs at interdisciplinary and collaborative forms. Macquarie through 2011 has research identifi ed key issues and the needs of The Master Plan must allow the each research area. expansion of postgraduate courses and higher degree research to levels consistent with the University’s growth in this important area.
MACQUARIE LAKE 31 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.4 STUDENT HOUSING The Macquarie University Apartment – student accommodation services options also include a number of must better coordinate access to The University’s housing properties close to the campus affordable rental housing within offi ce, Macquarie University including Macquarie Parklands close proximity to the campus Accommodation Services, offers (University owned apartments at – the allocation of available placement for both on and off Herring and Epping Roads which student accommodation campus housing. As at December consists of 96 beds in 24 single must support both academic 2013, there are 1,647 beds on and twin shared rooms with share program objectives and student campus distributed as follows: common areas) and the new Dayman recruitment and retention goals Place apartments (privately owned – planning for future student – Macquarie University Village but managed by the University accommodation must consider 1 bedroom, 2 bedroom or 5 providing 74 beds). both domestic and international bedroom townhouses| student demand and the 906 beds The provision of new student additional housing that is likely – Dunmore Lang College housing follows a number of guiding to be provided by third party offering full meal board, gym principles: operators in the areas adjacent to membership, and free academic the campus. tutoring – student housing must support 320 beds learning and teaching, student With a trend in student housing – Robert Menzies College engagement, recruitment, models increasingly towards self-catered and fully catered retention, personal growth, independent living (often as shared accommodation (private, fully- academic achievement, and accommodation), students are furnished study bedrooms with graduation of students seeking more privacy and better shared bathrooms or private – student accommodation services facilities. Increasingly lifestyle is a ensuites) must be integrated with the key issue in the decision of housing 312 beds current thinking of the new choice. The outcome of this trend Herring Road Apartments student services model which is higher space needs and higher 3, 4 or 6 bedrooms apartments involves a hub and spoke face to construction costs. 109 beds face solution and greater online website presence that enables Off campus housing may be ease of enquiry management and private or shared rental properties, bookings from anywhere in the local homestays and short-term world accommodation. Most are within walking distance of the campus.
32 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
The 2009 Concept Plan identifi es to secure affordable, appropriate bedroom and single with en-suite an increase in on-campus student accommodation that will support bathroom, shared kitchen facilities housing by 3,450 beds to a total of their student lifestyle. and communal areas are very approximately 5,000 beds. No limit on popular. The provision of single fl oor area is identifi ed. The previous The University needs to provide sex accommodation is also very space budget of 20m2/bed in single fl exible housing types to meet important where culturally sensitive rooms may be revised upwards as the diverse needs of our student issues and security are paramount. the trend towards more graduate population. For example, with the student housing evolves and the rapid increase of research student’s The development of the high value market demands improved facilities. numbers, there is a current shortage Herring Road frontage will, over time, in smaller sized apartment style allow Menzies and Dunmore Lang Student accommodation performs accommodation for postgraduate colleges to move to the west of the a critical role in meeting the students. campus, close to the sports facilities University’s strategic objectives. and where services for resident Fundamentally the University Feedback also suggests that students can be clustered. needs to provide suffi cient levels of Macquarie University students (and residential student accommodation in particular international students) There are opportunities to locate new to meet the demand associated would prefer an environment student housing in the heart of the from any increase in the student where there is the opportunity campus. population. Students need assurance to mix with other students (both that when they accept an offer from international and Australian) whilst the University that they will be able maintaining privacy. Single study
THE HUB 33 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
3.5 COMMERCIAL Today Macquarie Park has some The opening of the Epping to DEVELOPMENT 850,000m2 of commercial space. The Chatswood Rail Link in February OPPORTUNITIES AND expanded Macquarie Centre retail 2009 has been a major element complex will have over 138,500m2 of in growth in Macquarie Park and EMPLOYMENT GROWTH overall fl oor area. in particular, the University. The imminent extension of the line to 3.5.1 Macquarie Park Context The following mix of jobs in Rouse Hill and Castle Hill (the North The original concept for Macquarie Macquarie Park in 2011 has been West Rail Link) will directly connect Park was based on the successful identifi ed (source economy id): Macquarie Park to one of Sydney’s Stanford Research Park in major growth areas. California’s Silicon Valley which was Manufacturing 3,467 12% established in 1951 on part of the Wholesale Trade 6,389 21% In response to this transformation, the 2009 Macquarie University extensive Stanford University estate. Retail Trade 2,060 7% Faced with the loss of protégés Concept Plan permits up to Information Media and 2,085 7% 536,000m2 (excluding Cochlear) of such as Bill Hewlett and David Technologies Packard to eastern colleges and to commercial and allied research uses Professional, 4,627 16% on land to the south, east and west of General Electric, Professor Frederick Scientific and Terman sought to foster a closer Technical Services the Academic Core. If fully developed, collaboration between the University Education and 2,350 8% this would make Macquarie and industry using Stanford’s land Training University alone one of the largest bank as the catalyst. Health Care and 1,826 6% employment centres in Sydney. As Social Assistance a research park, this quantum of In 1963 the Macquarie University Other 7,037 24% space, clearly positions Macquarie University at an international level. site was acquired by the NSW TOTAL 29,841 100% Government to establish Sydney’s third University and to create a In 2013, Macquarie University was included as part of a new NSW catalyst for new technology jobs and There are over 30,000 jobs in the Government Urban Activation investment. The corridor that has precinct. A comparison of the Precinct. The UAP proposes to become Macquarie Park was rezoned existing and planned areas of major change the main body of the campus from green belt land to residential employment zones around the to a more fl exible mixed use zoning and industrial uses. world highlights the potential for rezone and increase commercial commercial development on the potential. Macquarie University site.
34 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
3.5.2 Commercial Uses 3.5.3 Partnerships Key areas of engagement include:
Commercial uses on the Macquarie The Stanford Research Park as a Enterprise Partnerships and University site represent not only model for Macquarie University is Commercialisation an opportunity to create fi nancial based on fostering new technologies Many of Macquarie’s collaborations security for the University into the through a direct interface with involve the commercialisation of future, but can foster engagement the University. It encourages both research projects which deliver with major technology, research and informal and formal connections tangible benefi ts to the community. knowledge-based companies that between companies and the Small, medium-sized and large will underpin Australia’s changing University. These may be: enterprises all have the opportunity economy. – sponsoring of joint research to work with a University partner in The development of commercial projects with Stanford faculty and order to obtain expertise in a specifi c opportunities on the Macquarie students area relevant to their individual University campus began with the – conducting seminars and business and objectives. development of the Macquarie workshops that encourage the Partnerships take many forms University Research Park (MURP). exchange of information including: This complex of buildings on – offers of internships to students seven hectares in the east of – recruiting Stanford graduates – contract research and the site features the Macquarie – Inviting faculty to join corporate development, and University Hospital and Clinic boards – collaborative commercialisation building completed in 2010 and four – retaining faculty as consultants opportunities. commercial buildings developed – consultation with Stanford’s Offi ce in 1999-2000. A fi fth commercial of Technology licensing Macquarie Technology Business building (1 Innovation Drive) was – access to the University’s Library Incubator completed in 2004. The commercial systems Launched in 2007, the University buildings are on 99-year ground owned Incubator (located within leases and in 2012 housed almost Consistent with Macquarie’s vision MURP) provides a low-risk, dynamic 50,000m2 of gross fl oor space. of becoming one of Australia’s leading research universities, the and collaborative environment that Macquarie University purchased University is committed to building fast-tracks the development of back the leasehold interest in both 75 relationships with business - new technology businesses in the Talavera Road and 162 Herring Road particularly those in the Macquarie northern Sydney region. in 2012. As of September 2013, the Park high-technology corridor Cancer Proteomics long-term lessees of the other three buildings are third parties. Infrastructure Initiative Macquarie is committed to Collaboration agreements are in collaborations that produce tangible place between the University and all outcomes and that benefi t society. of the tenants of the MURP buildings. The University’s researchers are collaborating with a number of cancer and proteomics experts from various centres of excellence across NSW on central problems in translational cancer research.
35 3. CAMPUS GROWTH
Industry Partnerships Participation and Community Audiology and the Cochlear Partnerships with key technology Engagement Experience developers are seen as a key factor The PACE program - Participation At Macquarie University, the in ensuring the University becomes and Community Engagement aims 35,000m2 Cochlear Headquarter a world-class research institute. The to: building on University Avenue University has strong relationships is the only integrated research- with many national and international – produce graduates with highly manufacture-distribution facility organisations including Cochlear and developed personal, interpersonal of its type in Australia and at full the EMC Corporation. and social capabilities, as well as production, will produce 5000 ear cognitive ones cochlear implants each week. The Partnering with the Community – develop the capabilities of University owns the land and building Two such partnerships focus on Macquarie students and staff and Cochlear has a 20 year lease. key national priorities: student to contribute actively to the engagement with science and wellbeing of people and the Together with the new Hearing improved levels of literacy. planet Hub opened in 2013, these new – form partnerships which are developments on University Avenue Community partnerships such as mutually benefi cial, foster mutual signify a closer arrangement The Science Partnership and the respect, and improve the capacity between industry and the University Making Up Lost Time In Literacy of partners to meet their mission than has been seen at MURP. (MULTILIT) program demonstrate and purpose how Macquarie is encouraging – establish Macquarie as a leading Cochlear has formed the foundation student engagement with science University for transformative of the University’s Centre of and improved levels of literacy. learning and research, recognised Excellence for Hearing and for excellence in socially inclusive Audiology. practice
COCHLEAR BUILDING 36 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
Building on Macquarie University’s 3.6 HERRING ROAD URBAN While making maximum use of vision as ‘Australia’s Innovative ACTIVATION PRECINCT existing transport infrastructure, University’, the Centre collaborates in particular Macquarie University closely with the Audiology section of The NSW State Government has Station and bus services, the precinct the Linguistics Department which nominated a series of strategic will provide opportunities for living seeks to achieve research and sites across Sydney as new Urban close to retail, employment and teaching excellence while developing Activation Precincts (UAPs). education. graduates with leadership qualities that prepare them to interact The aim of these new UAPs is The plan supports the creation of effectively with other medical to deliver increased residential a vibrant town centre around the professions. development and economic Macquarie University Station with activity in places with access to high quality public spaces, retail With the Hearing Hub, Macquarie infrastructure, transport, services and commercial spaces, potential University has developed an and jobs. The stated aim is to deliver civic plaza and an enhanced public international multi-disciplinary greater housing choices, increased domain. facility that will collocate a number of amenities, services and improved hearing related entities including: public spaces.
– Australian Hearing Service The Herring Road UAP is focused – National Acoustic Laboratories primarily on the area between the – Macquarie University’s Audiology Macquarie Centre and the University Department and includes The University – Royal Institute for Deaf & Blind lands south of Culloden Road. Children The proposed zoning may see an – The Shepherd Centre increase in commercial potential – Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre for the campus and more fl exibility – Cochlear Limited in its location on the University site. Education uses and support services (retail, housing etc) are protected.
HERRING AND TALAVERA ROADS 37
4 THE MASTER PLAN 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.1 VISION 4.2 PLACE CHARACTER
Create the framework within In addition to fulfi lling the functional The Macquarie University Campus Place Character is captured by the which Macquarie University can and strategic requirements of the following attributes: achieve its Strategic Plan. University, the look and feel of the campus refl ects the essence of the – Transformative – engaging with University brand and its relationship The Master Plan is structured around people to support their personal with the people who study, work a robust public domain strategy expression and live there. The campus place that builds on the original 1964 plan – Organic – unstructured character guides the detailed design and helps create a more open and connection to nature and with of the public realm communicating transparent culture and integrated the ability to evolve and adapt to who it is for, how it will be perceived campus. changing user needs and what people will be invited to do – Diverse – offering a range of The new public realm will deliver a there. experiences from the intimate to memorable campus suited to world the ritualistic, the formal to the class learning and research while social. accommodating the potential for substantial growth in the student These themes will be confi rmed population of the University and through a series of workshops with partnership with industry. staff, students and stakeholders in 2014.
PLANNING CONCEPT
40 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
4.3 PRINCIPLES
In response to the refocusing of – provide assurance that campus – create fl exibility for teaching and Macquarie University as a centre of planning is not compromised into learning excellence, the Master Plan identifi es the future – create a valuable legacy for the a series of planning and design – use University space as effi ciently future objectives. These are to: and effectively as possible – address the commercial – examine the potential for new objectives of the University – create a great and memorable hubs within the campus for: – enhance access to public place for learning, research and – Arts transport business – Human Sciences – embody environmental – develop the best long term – Business and Economics sustainability fl exible plan for the University – Science and Medicine – consider the accommodation lands – engage with both the community needs of students – plan and optimise development and business – create an environment to attract capacity in campus – allow the integration of research and retain businesses on the – coordinate with a planned long- and commercial uses within the campus term annuity stream for the campus – create a framework for optimising University achieved through land – allow for the co-location of the commercial value and investment business and faculty if necessary ensuring economic viability of the to achieve ‘best in class’ research campus buildings outcomes
NEW UNIVERSITY COMMON
41 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.3.1 Environment Integrate Environmentally 4.3.2 Place Making Enhance the natural Sustainable Design Develop a collaborative process Since the origins of the campus in environment of creating, enhancing and the 1960s and development over The existing campus contains many subsequent decades, great changes managing people focussed natural features of high value, have occurred in energy usage and places including several watercourses, effi ciency. Planning and design must New spaces on the campus must threatened species woodlands, fl ora respond to global environmental respond to and respect the unique and fauna habitats. challenges and incorporate reduced attributes of place: the social, economic, environmental and They represent a natural wealth energy use, life cycle properties of buildings and infrastructure, access cultural aspects that make each that is uncommon in most tertiary place truly unique. campuses, and can remain a to appropriate modes of transport and considered land uses. distinguishing feature of Macquarie Create a place experience that University. Create a safe, secure and refl ects the University brand and Create a robust public domain accessible environment learning offer The campus should refl ect the framework The campus should provide an University values, brand and desired An underlying robust structure will environment that provides a clear identity through a combination enable the University to retain clarity sense of safety for all occupants. of place design, activation and of the public domain while buildings Environmental design and operational management. evolve over time. The original policy must ensure that campus occupants are safe at all times. campus layout provides a strong The campus can contribute to basis for such clarity but must adapt Design for accessibility has evolved student’s education through spatial to new spatial demands. since the campus was fi rst developed design that encourages creativity, collaboration and innovative Create functional, attractive and and is now understood widely to be inclusive of different personal behaviours. active core/s capability in physical mobility, sight, New core locations as centres of hearing, intellectual impairment and Defi ne a hierarchy and network academic interaction are required. other characteristics. of public spaces These can provide much better Defi ning a range of new public defi nition of place than currently Reinforce the concept of a spaces across the campus makes exist. They can give identity and compact core it imperative to ensure that the address to each faculty and provide The original Master Plan identifi es heart of the campus remains clear meaningful places for student a 5 minute optimum walk between and legible. Additionally secondary interaction. classes on the campus. The spaces should offer different developed Master Plan should experiences from the heart and from Enhance the existing strengths of reinforce this concept through the each other. the original Master Plan clustering of faculties and services. The campus public realm should This study appraises the values and be diverse in character, design and features of the 1964 Master Plan Ease of wayfi nding and a clear and the experiences it offers to different and identifi es those which remain permeable plan will assist movement users at different times of the day, relevant to future campus planning. around the Academic Core. week and year.
42 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
4.3.3 Academic and Student Accommodate emerging ways of 4.3.4 Economic Sustainability Experience learning and Partnering Previous studies for this campus Attract and retain the best Optimise investment returns on and other tertiary institutions have graduate and post graduate identifi ed substantial changes in the current site as a long term students, staff and researchers teaching and learning which are annuity stream for the University It is accepted that together with now prevalent. These have direct The North Ryde campus lies at the a high standard of research and implications for the provision of heart of Sydney’s Global Arc and next student achievement, and continued physical teaching space. Major to the major employment centre growth in academic achievement, changes include; of Macquarie Park. Commercial the quality of the campus experience development within the campus and student facilities are important – blended learning represents an opportunity to create considerations for prospective – a seamless formal and informal secure income for the University into graduate students. learning environment the long term future. – the introduction of technologies Recognise the Faculty structure (for example, the PDA device in Encourage improved interface The study adopts the existing faculty the classroom) with research and technology structure, with the likely addition of – electronic and broadcast learning delivery groups a new Medical faculty in the medium – changes in teaching space needs Build direct links with the range future. It has been noted that and utilisation of emerging and world leading interaction is increasing between companies that both enhance the students and academics across Encourage students and staff to University’s identity and create faculties, however the faculties are value the campus experience opportunities to commercialise expected to remain important as The change toward fl exible and research outcomes. centres of learning disciplines. remote learning questions the need for campus attendance. A Optimise learning through counterpoint to this trend is the value effective and effi cient space of the physical and social experience utilisation of attendance of campus. A quality The changes in space utilisation campus which enables an enriching, occurring through emergent memorable experience during an learning practices demand that academic career or a graduate teaching space capacity and design course will reinforce the memory of is reappraised and appropriate the educational values gained. spaces are provided to suit future demand. An adjunct to this Encourage a broader learning requirement is fl exibility as the community University experiences a period of Macquarie already attracts and rapid, unsettled change toward new serves a learning community wider learning practices. than tertiary students. It includes children, collaborations with industry Improve the student experience and many activities available to the Findings during the research for this community in general. This should report indicates that students have continue and be clearly visible in the many unfi lled aspirations for the campus plan. built environment on campus. These include the provision of amenities (including student services, food and retail offers), the presentation of existing buildings and their architecture.
43 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.4 MASTER PLAN – creates a new east-west 4.4.1 Planning Structure pedestrian zone along the DEVELOPMENT The original east-west grid plan Macquarie Drive corridor of the campus delivers a high (Macquarie Walk) The plan acknowledges the existing quality environment through good – creates a new diagonal entry from planning structure and overlays a access to sunlight, a high quality Talavera Road into the campus series of new and complementary landscape and well scaled places core that complements the ideas about the campus that will and connections. Both Mars and western diagonal into the campus facilitate growth and reinforce University Creeks play an important Core and better integrates the identity. It introduces a number of role in the University’s landscape new north-east precinct faculty focused student commons quality and amenity. and strong diagonal links into – retains and enhances the the heart of the campus while extended north-south and east- The Master Plan recognises these exploring opportunities for minor west vistas to open space of the strengths and reinforces these courtyard spaces to be created within previous options elements. blocks and linked to major grid – reinforces the connections to both thoroughfares. Mars Creek and University Creek – addresses and activates the Mars The Master Plan: Creek and University Creek open space corridors – anticipates the organisation of – encourages walking and cycling the campus into faculty-based by creating extended pedestrian precincts zones without the interruption – creates well scaled new major of car parks and major traffi c open spaces with good solar junctions. access as faculty ‘hubs’ in the – facilitates easy entry and exit to east and west of the Academic and from the commercial and Core academic precincts through the – upgrades the Herring Road construction of new car parks that frontage as the main point of are relocated to the perimeter of entry to the campus the site – creates new arrival experiences – restricts buses to University at other major entries: Avenue only – Talavera Road into the campus – envisages the creation of a new core cultural building or other iconic – Gymnasium Road feature as an ‘arrival point’ for the – Balaclava Road main entry via the Herring Road – creates a new University Common Gateway and a new North-South Walk that links Mars Creek to University Creek
44 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
PLANNING STRUCTURE 45 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.4.2 Academic and The Plan anticipates increased 4.4.3 Economic Sustainability Administrative Structure fl exibility of uses however in and Partnering principle, the Academic Core has The strategy Our University: The faculty structure will continue to been extended to the northeast, A Framing of Futures clearly form a major guiding aspect of the towards Research Park Drive, establishes the need for a fl exible physical campus structure. Within and westward to include the Arts approach to new commercial and the existing distribution of offi ces and building. The introduction of new research space. faculties across the campus however, ‘hubs’ as centres of activity is a the faculties are indistinct and no means to reinforce the faculty The rezoning of the main campus obvious ‘home’ is apparent. identities and provide a home for under the proposed UAP provisions each faculty. The Master Plan builds on a clear will allow the integration of commercial and research uses framework within the University The Master Plan responds to the new across the campus as needed. where a central core of shared faculty structure through: learning spaces is fl anked by eastern Under the section Key Supporting and western precincts housing each – clustering multiple faculties and Enablers Of Success For Macquarie of the faculties. Distinct academic common functions around special In The Future - Developing a Vibrant precincts are created around open places within the plan and Sustainable Campus, the strategy space hubs: – creating a stronger identity for seeks to acknowledge the value faculties and sense of place of the site and the University’s – Arts in the west of the Academic within all areas of the plan landholding which is “at the centre of Core – creating new open spaces as a rapidly changing neighbourhood in – Human Sciences to the west of the focal point of faculties and the international, cosmopolitan city of the University core address points in the campus Sydney”: It seeks to: – Science/Medicine in the north – fl exibility to accommodate a around the Hospital range of facilities in each faculty – develop an inspiring and engaging Business towards the Herring – hub which could include faculty campus that physically represents Road gateway administration, student services all that is good about Macquarie including enrolment, careers and – align our pedagogy and research food and beverage outlets with the development of new facilities and the renovation of existing facilities – utilise our land asset as a vehicle to accelerate our development of alternative sources of revenue – open up the Macquarie campus community and its assets to a diverse range of community, arts, business incubators and other potential partners and collaborators with similar goals and aspirations to our own
The appropriate introduction of new research and commercial space will have the benefi t of providing fi nancial security for the University and engaging the business and research sectors.
46 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
ACADEMIC STRUCTURE 47 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.5 THE PLAN
NEW UNIVERSITY COMMON
48 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
MASTER PLAN 49 4. THE MASTER PLAN
HERRING ROAD GATEWAY 50 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
51 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.6 ZONES 4.6.2 East – develop opportunities that optimise relationships with the The East zone lies in a quadrant Macquarie Centre and create a The University is adopting a new from the new University Avenue/ community heart (town centre) for numbering and building identifi cation Herring Road gateway to the Talavera Macquarie Park with potential for system and a new wayfi nding concept Road axis. It includes the Hospital, a civic plaza that is based on: MURP and much of the Science and – ensure future growth of the Business and Economics faculties. – a Central zone Hospital and associated University Over time the Medical uses are likely – North, South, East and West uses are accommodated to be increased in this zone. quadrants – improve access opportunities – every building has a street The zone includes the Herring Road to commercial uses from public address and name rather than frontage where planning for an roads block references. Urban Activation Precinct promotes – extend pedestrian access from the intensifi cation of uses around Wally’s Walk to University Creek The system is a geographic not a the Macquarie University Station. – coordinate improved access function organising of address and In response to this opportunity, the across Herring Road into the identity. A series of different uses Herring Road UAP identifi es almost Macquarie Centre occur across the different zones. 200,000m2 of permitted development – structure building heights at along Herring Road. the University Avenue entry to 4.6.1 Central reinforce the pedestrian entry The Central zone is focused around The Master Plan addresses the experience and emphasise the the original Central Courtyard and potential for growth in the zone University’s presence the new Library and contains a (both Academic and non-Academic) – accommodate student housing number of shared and ceremonial and identifi es the potential for new options functions. development within the precinct.
Uses include the old Library (now The gateway at Herring and Waterloo temporarily an informal learning Roads is now the major entry point space], food and beverage uses and to the campus and a suitable design administration functions. response is needed.
The Master Plan requires the The East zone has a number of following for the Central zone: opportunities:
– reinforce shared uses and – reinforce the Waterloo Road entry maintain activity in the campus as the main entry to the University centre – develop the precinct as a mixed – focus community uses (including use precinct with educational and food and beverage) in the heart of commercial uses the campus – accommodate some 200,000m2 – develop a new central open space of development along Herring – the University Common and Road under the Urban Activation Library Forecourt Precinct controls – reinforce entries on the diagonal – focus commercial uses along axes into the Academic Core the Herring and Talavera Road – ensure that the campus centre frontages has strong ceremonial role
52 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
North
West East
Central
South
ZONES 53 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.6.3 South 4.6.4 West The opening of the new M2 ramps on Talavera Road has seen a shift The South zone extends from the The West zone lies between the in emphasis in traffi c movements Balaclava Road axis to the University Gymnasium Road and Balaclava away from the traditional southern Avenue gateway. It includes the large Road axes. vehicular entry points to the campus. area south of Macquarie Walk With the exception of the MUSAC The construction of new parking in The potential for commercial complex and the Arts Faculty building the west of the campus will reduce development of the south of the (Y3A), this part of the campus has the impact of University-generated campus was identifi ed in the 2004 been largely undeveloped with large traffi c particularly on the Herring Development Master Plan and areas of parking and a number of Road and Epping Road intersection. formally approved in the 2009 ‘back of house’ elements on the main The staged construction of new car Concept Plan consent. The Cochlear campus and some 930 beds in low parking on Culloden Road opposite building and the new Hearing rise accommodation north-west of Marsfi eld Park will minimise impacts Hub are the fi rst outcomes of this Culloden Road. on adjoining housing and allow strategy. A new western common (the Arts access to and from parking without The interface between the University Lawn) lies on existing car park sites. drawing cars into the University. and the business world is becoming The area around the common will The Master Plan seeks to: increasingly important. The be developed as a new focus for Arts continuing development of this and Human Sciences faculties. – introduce new research and precinct represents an opportunity commercial uses adjacent to Both the 2004 Development Master not only to secure the University’s Mars Creek Plan and the 2009 Concept Plan fi nancial future but to foster the – clearly defi ne the edge of the envisaged the development of important links with business and public domain along the creek commercial uses along the high research. frontage visibility Epping Road frontage – stage construction of new car The Master Plan seeks to: with the AFTRS building being parking on the Culloden Road demolished. The 2010 refurbishment frontage – continue development of southern of the building however, has extended – locate parking access precinct as a predominantly its useful life quite signifi cantly. commercial zone but mixed with predominantly from Culloden educational uses The plan envisages the focus to Road. – encourage the integration of shift towards the Mars Creek/ – accommodate student housing learning spaces within this zone Culloden Road zone where a better options – develop an active edge with relationship to the heart of the – upgrade and expand building entries, lobbies and campus can be developed. accommodation on the existing cafes along the Macquarie Walk housing site frontage New housing is pooible in the – explore new student housing – maintain access opportunities to west of the site close to MUSAC opportunities including commercial uses from publicly with the possibility of densities intensifying uses on the University accessible roads being increased on the Macquarie Village site University Village site.
54 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
4.6.5 North This zone represents a signifi cant – ensure sports facilities match opportunity to accommodate growth student growth and demand from The North precinct extends from the in the University and the provision new employment on the campus Central Courtyard, across the Mars of expanded support functions. – reinforce student housing in west Creek includes the sports fi elds. The Concept Plan identifi ed some of campus The eastern edge will be defi ned by 3,450 new beds in this area. The – allow for new student housing the Talavera axis while Gymnasium potential relocation of colleges and the relocation and expansion Road marks the western extent. and an increase in densities on the of existing colleges The precinct will continue to fulfi l University Village site, a signifi cant – investigate new services and an important sports and recreation proportion of on-site housing can be facilities for the expanded function. provided in this zone. resident student population
Key uses within the precinct are: Within the North zone, the Master A new Great Hall and conference Plan seeks to: centre may be located on the Mars – development adjacent to Mars Creek corridor within this precinct. Creek is constrained by signifi cant – introduce new uses north of Mars plant communities however a Creek looser development structure – intensify uses near the Talavera will allow new buildings such as Road axis a possible Great Hall to be woven into the landscape – the zone towards Talavera Road and the existing MGSM will see an intensifi cation of uses with academic and research uses favoured. Sites along the Creek will need to be developed to lower scale, developing a strong relationship to the open space
Built use on the University’s playing fi elds is limited by bushfi re constraints at the national park. There are endangered fl ora communities, east towards the creek. The topography, creek setbacks and ecological constraints limit further development in this zone. As the University expands, the demands for sports facilities will require review and evaluation.
GRAND HALL CONCEPT SKETCH 55 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.7 KEY UNIVERSITY With the predicted growth of – focus major services with public FUNCTIONS enrolments and the creation of new interface at the southern end of Faculty Hubs, the Master Plan has the University Common 4.7.1 Campus Services and sought to expand and decentralise – encourage a wide variety of type, food services. size and cost food offering than is Amenities presently available Campus services form a signifi cant Sports and student amenities are – relate food to hubs and commons part of the student and staff critical elements for the University. – locate facilities on, or adjacent, experience. At present these services major open spaces and pathways are heavily clustered around the The on-going expansion of the to activate primary pedestrian Central Courtyard. The creation of MUSAC centre on Gymnasium Road routes and places new learning commons and hubs may need to be complemented – provide fl exibility and change across the campus should see some by other opportunities across the opportunity, recognising that relocation or expansion of student campus: retail preferences can change services in these locations. over time – respond to the ‘hub and spoke – provide amenities in sunny, model’ by distributing service The potential growth in campus protected places to maximise centres at each hub and adjacent density will require increased hours of use to major open spaces distribution of food and retail offers – locate major food outlets so that – the hub zones should be in safe throughout the campus. Previous they can be served unobtrusively and convenient locations for student surveys have indicated that from the service road network extended hours student activities the range of offers does not meet – provide staff facilities in the – integrate student services with current expectations. In comparison Faculty Hubs with other large campuses such as the provision of food and retail Stanford University, the extent of elements retail on campus is limited. This is partially offset by the presence of the Macquarie Centre retail nearby.
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CAMPUS SERVICES 57 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.7.2 Night Activity Zone Other potential locations for the campus reception are: With the opening of the Library and Learning Centre, operating after – along Macquarie Walk near the hours, the potential exists for other University Common and Learning student services to extend longer Centre into the evening hours. Safe access – along the north-east spine from to buses, taxis and trains must be the Talavera Road entry toward possible at all times. the Central Courtyard – adjacent the Central Courtyard A night activity zone will be centred – adjacent the University Common on the new University Common where the area and key links to transport and parking will be complemented by improved lighting, CCTV surveillance and visual links.
As the new major entry pathways are envisaged for in this zone, a new Campus Reception may be located close to Macquarie University station.
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NIGHT ACTIVITY ZONE 59 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.7.3 Museum Locations The Museums are dispersed and The Master Plan principles for not in locations easily discovered by museums on the campus are to: Macquarie University has a number a casual visitor. They should form of world class collections across an important bridge to the wider – improve access to, and the a range of disciplines. These community and have the potential profi le of, the University’s art and signifi cant collections include: to greatly enhance the University’s specialised museum collections profi le in Sydney and beyond. – develop a strategy for museums Collection Current and galleries across the campus Location The development of faculty hubs will – consider the consolidation of all The Art Gallery E11A allow these important resources to or some of the existing collections The Australian History W6A be clustered and located where they – allow some specialised Museum will have better access and can be collections to be relocated to the University Art Collection C7A enjoyed by the wider public. new academic hubs The Biological Sciences – develop the concept of a new E8B Museum It is proposed that much of the centralised space at the end of The Downing Herbarium E8C University’s collection of art and the Macquarie Walk axis and The Earth Sciences Museum E5A other artefacts could be housed in a University Avenue gateway new Cultural Centre possibly within The Lachlan Macquarie Room C7A an iconic gateway building on the The Museum of Ancient X5B new Herring Road entry at the end of Cultures Macquarie Walk. Macquarie University Sporting W10A Hall of Fame Museum IEC Art Collection X5B Sculpture Park Mars Creek
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MUSEUM LOCATIONS 61 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.8 ACCESS The Master Plan seeks to: 4.8.2 Disabled Access Macquarie University aims at 4.8.1 Primary Connectors – create clear lines of circulation through the Academic Core achieving fully compliant disabled Successful campuses are – end pedestrian corridors on open access across most of the campus. pedestrian-focused, with walking spaces or major buildings This includes accessibility from distances carefully managed. The – ensure that the spaces are well transport nodes to all buildings, existing pedestrian networks on the scaled and easily traversed accessibility within buildings and campus however, are discontinuous, – extend the University’s high accessibility across the public often confl icting with vehicle access quality landscape through the domain. and have variable grade. network The Master Plan facilitates access – develop a new east-west through the extended grid. In areas The Master Plan maintains the pedestrian link along the of steep topography initiatives fl exibility of the existing grid and Macquarie Drive axis (Macquarie are to be introduced to mitigate extends it further across the site. Walk) impediments with alternate routes to The introduction of new diagonal – develop a new north-south all destinations: elements seeks to optimise walking pedestrian link adjacent to a distances across the campus and new University Common (Sir better connect the campus. – new buildings should achieve Christopher Ondaatje Avenue) level access at major entries – extend Wally’s Walk to University The majority of the extended – accessible gradients should Creek Academic Core remains within 400 be achieved wherever possible – achieve separation from vehicular metres walk of the major arrival throughout the public domain service routes and loading areas points to campus – the bus stops – major level changes on signifi cant – provide direct links to car parks, (relocated to University Avenue) and public paths should be negotiated public transport and building the railway station. by lifts or ramps in the same entries course of travel – achieve gradients of less than – a campus-wide access policy 1:20 on the majority of pathways. (closely related to the public Where gradients are steeper or domain detailing and the way- stairs are required, alternative fi nding strategy should be pathways or lift access is to be developed and implemented to considered best current practice
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PEDESTRIAN ACCESS 63 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.8.3 Public Transport Access – reinforce ease of movement from bus and rail stops with the Macquarie University is well Academic Core remaining mostly served by public transport. As within 5 minutes’ walk of each students University staff and staff faculty of businesses located on campus – facilitate pedestrian connections will increasingly arrive by public to the Macquarie Town Centre bus transport, the Master Plan seeks to interchange maximise access and appropriate – extend the existing shuttle bus entry points to the site. service to effectively facilitate The presence of a rail station on movement of pedestrians campus facilitates high-volume between public transport nodes, public traffi c to the Waterloo Road car parks and key areas of the campus entry. campus
The Master Plan seeks to:
– allow the routing of regional bus services through the campus along an upgraded University Avenue – connect new shuttle bus stops to the heart of the campus, the Common and the Learning Centre by new pedestrian links
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PUBLIC TRANSPORT 65 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.8.4 Vehicular Access 4.8.5 Servicing Strategy As the campus grows, so too does The existing ‘alternating grid’ the need to manage traffi c both principle for service access should through and within the campus. The be maintained and reinforced. This increase in student numbers through allows a minimum of vehicular the Academic Core and the re- intrusion into the campus core. planning of the peripheral zones has seen a number of initiatives identifi ed Time-restricted service access could in the Master Plan. These include: also be explored in the future to reduce service vehicle movements – the pedestrianisation of during peak periods.. Macquarie Drive – realignment and redesign of University Avenue as the major road through the University – upgrade of the Herring Road approach – upgrade of the Balaclava Road approach – redesign of roads through the Western Zone of the campus to facilitate new parking structures and future commercial and research buildings – realignment of Gymnasium Road to better interface with Culloden Road and the Central Courtyard – upgrade the Talavera Road approach
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VEHICULAR ACCESS 67 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.8.6 Parking Strategy The delivery of new parking and – maintenance of the maximum the conversion of valuable sites number of spaces permitted The success of both the new station for University use and future under the Concept Approval and the University’s parking strategy development must be staged to (10,800 on campus) has seen no new student parking ensure that the quantum of parking – meeting of the needs of future added to the site in more than fi ve on site is not reduced until the fi nal commercial sites with the balance years despite signifi cant enrolment approved numbers are realised at being provided in the public car growth. end of the delivery process. parks Future growth in student and – locating of car park entries and A number of options are possible academic staff numbers will require exits to be located only on vehicle- and these will be driven by the an even greater mode shift to public priority roadways University’s development program transport however parking on the – activation of the ground levels and the need for new facilities. The campus will still be required. of parking structures in major capital cost of new structured car pedestrian areas with uses such The 2009 Concept Approval provides parks is not insignifi cant and will as classrooms, offi ces, building for a maximum of 10,800 parking need to be carefully considered in entries and food and beverage spaces on campus and requires that future delivery strategies. opportunities site car parking be consolidated into – treatment of above-ground The Master Plan calls for: a series of major car parks. This parking structures with elements such as screening, greenwalls, strategy calls for the removal of – redistribution of approved car sculptures etc intrusive minor parking areas that spaces across precincts to retain – the potential for further obstruct pedestrian fl ow or impede development fl exibility development above parking levels future redevelopment. – development of four new parking structures at Research Park Drive (two zones), the Balaclava Road entry and on the Culloden Road frontage
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UNIVERSITY PARKING 69 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.8.7 Cycle Strategy Signifi cant growth in cycle usage on campus is anticipated in the future. The University’s cycle strategy suggests that some 2,000 bicycle spaces will be needed.
Several initiatives are included in the plan:
– locate bike parking in suitable areas across the campus – provide a number of fully equipped bike hubs with secured, covered bicycle storage at each precinct within the site, distributed near major teaching areas – provide additional related amenities such as change rooms, toilet facilities and retail opportunities near each hub – locate cycle hubs at the perimeter for the Academic Core so that all buildings can be reached within a short walk of the nearest hub
No dedicated cycle lanes will be provided on campus.
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CYCLE NETWORK 71 4. THE MASTER PLAN
4.9 DEVELOPMENT A student population of 50,000 POTENTIAL EFTSL was considered in previous studies however with the Our The Master Plan aims at ensuring University, A Framing of Futures that there is suffi cient space to grow white paper, the emphasis will into the future. Space demands shift from undergraduate growth to are certain to vary over time as the increased research and an increase University deals with a variety of in engineering and medical places changing elements. These include: The Plan allows for fl exibility over – growth of the University time of both use and scale across the – the student mix across faculties campus. Possible allocations of fl oor – growth rates within faculties space across the campus could see – changing fl oor area needs in each increase in: faculty – academic space. This will be – changes to teaching and learning subject to course mix and space environments needs – increases in common area – commercial and research space provision – student accommodation. – the role of research space in the future – the impact of remote and e-learning on fl oor space on the campus – impacts of increasing collaboration with industry
Existing 2009 Concept Plan Academic Space 223,600m2 290,000m2 Research/Commercial 131,750m2 560,343m2 Student Housing 41,750m2 110,000m2 TOTAL 397,100m2 936,000m2
Table 41 Floor Area Approved
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AERIAL VIEW FROM WEST
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5 PUBLIC DOMAIN 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.1 PUBLIC DOMAIN 5.1.1 Campus Landscape As the original landscape architect FRAMEWORK Design Philosophy and for the campus, Professor Dick History Clough’s intention was to create a gradual ‘landscape journey’ from The quality of the public domain Macquarie University is recognised for and the landscape quality are key the ‘urban’ streetscapes outside its exceptional landscape setting, with the campus through the ‘transition’ elements in the Macquarie University its academic buildings and colleges experience. While buildings, uses campus building zone to the ‘natural set amongst parklands, verdant landscape’ of the Mars Creek Valley and fl oor space on the site are courtyards and natural creek lines. important, the plan is fundamentally and its densely-planted native backdrop beyond. structured around the public domain The distinctive, predominantly native – it is the primary organising element landscape at Macquarie University integrating the campus. is the result of over 40 years of continuous planting, radically The Master Plan recognises the transforming the site of former importance of the public domain and market gardens and orchards into a is structured around the creation of ‘Campus in a Park’. a robust landscape framework that will provide a strong and consistent framework for future growth of the campus.
Where possible, existing trees are to be retained as the nucleus of the new open space network.
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5.1.2 Landscape Strategy Create Green Gateways to the signage typology Campus Macquarie University prides itself on Enhance the Landscape its landscape character and quality. – develop a visual entrance and a Defi nition of the Streets It creates a point of difference to the sense of arrival into the campus – develop street tree planting of other Sydney universities and for incorporating appropriate hard signature tree species identifi able many it is a signifi cant reason for and soft landscaping with the Macquarie University choosing to study at Macquarie. – preserve signifi cant views and vistas campus creating green links that The landscape strategy supports – ensure each entry has a strong enhance the broader landscape the direction and the approach of identity with common linking context the ‘Campus in a Park’ and would themes – enhance visual amenity for the seek to extend the concept into the students and other users of the new development precincts. The Develop Distinctive Formal campus desired sense of formality is derived Landscape Theme within the – ensure legibility and permeability from its strong relationship with the Core by maximizing pedestrian Academic Core and the extension of – extend the use of native planting links between precincts and the circulation network of the overall punctuated by the use of introducing new cross campus campus through to the new Station deciduous species for feature circulation routes in particular zones. planting and on main pedestrian back to the station walkways The landscape strategy seeks to – develop the new north-south and Maintenance and Management engage and strengthen the principles east-west pedestrian spines – maintenance and management below: – reinforce new north/south links of the public domain is highly and green connections from the important. The maintenance Reinforce the Concept of a campus core of a positive environment Campus in a Park will encourage good social – develop strong landscape links Integrated Landscape and Public behaviour and will increase the between precincts through street Domain enjoyment and appreciation of the tree planting and general mass – establishing a co-ordinated suite surrounding elements. planting of native species of public domain furnishings – the plan reinforces a robust – reinforce the landscape quality of including standardised lighting landscape infrastructure that Mars and University Creeks while and street furniture for the is manageable and reduces increasing visual accessibility and whole precinct, which remain extensive maintenance pedestrian permeability sympathetic to the themes requirements and shall include – introduce new signature spaces established in the Academic Core the specifi cation of drought and courtyards within the campus – develop a common colour scheme tolerant native species in all and agreed materials, selection planting areas of furnishings, paving types and
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5.1.3 Campus Edges – Epping Road – The frontage Landscape Principles between Balaclava and Culloden retain existing boundary planting The University has just over 3km of – Roads has largely eucalypt and enhance by planting in any public frontage to Epping, Herring planting as it falls the Mars Creek gaps Talavera and Culloden Roads. These valley new plating to be informal edges have an important role in – – Herring Road – Soon to be the groupings of native species that defi ning the character and public face focus for a new urban precinct, complement the existing species of the University. Herring Road will have a mix – retain any signifi cant views The strong landscape quality is one of formal street planting with through to the campus core of the key images of the campus. The pockets of native forest in the – recommended species include edge treatments should help reinforce south-east corner of the campus Angophora costata (smooth that character. There are however a bark apple), Eucalyptus punctata Planting strategies that reinforce these number of different conditions around (grey gum), Corymbia citriodora different conditions will be balanced the site: (lemon scented gum), Syncarpia by intensifi cation of uses and activity glomulifera (turpentine) – Culloden Road – Native ridge along these edges. Buildings should planting with views down into the create address points and identity campus from a number of points along these edges. – Talavera Road – Strongly Views into the site are possible at infl uenced by the rolling a number of points and should be topography. Falls away to the reinforced by the planting strategy. Mars Creek valley where there is denser planting. There is a level change up to the lake level
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CAMPUS EDGES
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5.1.4 Edge Markers Landscape Principles – signage to be constructed from a place markers to be located in range of contemporary materials At key points along the campus edges – the landscape with respect to and fi nishes that complement the there are a number of potential entry, the architecture and existing ‘campus in a ‘park’ landscape identity and marker points within the landscape elements character that defi nes the landscape buffers. While there will place markers are to be designed University be buildings directly addressing the – and sited in locations that engage – recommended materials include, Herring Road frontage, along the other the public passing the campus in timber, corten steel, stone, frontages where there is a stronger all directions micaceous iron oxide paint landscape edge, there will be a need place markers and entry and for elements to defi ne and signal the – wayfi nding signage to be designed University. in collaboration to ensure a cohesive and complimentary suite – place markers and signage to use Macquarie University colours, fonts and logos to strengthen the University’s brand and provide a stronger campus identity
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EDGE MARKERS
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5.2 GATEWAYS Principles Landscape – create a dramatic and iconic – entry to have a sense of arrival 5.2.1 Herring Road Gateway landscape entry to Macquarie created by strong avenue planting University of deciduous feature trees. As the primary point of entry to – improve the pedestrian – formality and structure of the the campus, the Herring Road experience and fl ows into the streetscape planting to contrast Gateway has assumed an increased campus with the informality and deep importance since the construction – maintain a clear vista into the green foliage of the vegetation of the Macquarie University railway campus from viewpoints along around the water courses station and is now the ‘front door’ Waterloo Road to the south-east – avenue planting to recognize to the University. The pedestrian – direct pedestrian fl ows into the and enhance the view corridor environment remains challenging new University Common through to the campus heart with high volumes of pedestrian – manage student traffi c across – the landscape setting is to be fl ows and traffi c converging around Herring Road to Macquarie activated by the use of raised this intersection. Centre planting beds with informal and Responding to the potential of – improve the awareness and formal seating nodes. future growth in the Macquarie relationship to University Creek – recommended species include Park corridor, the Master Plan – develop the built form to reinforce Koelreuteria paniculata (Golden seeks to reinforce the entry and the the pedestrian entry experience Rain Tree), Sapium sebiferum quality of the arrival experience and (Chinese Tallow), Gleditsia accommodate increased fl ows of tricanthanos ‘Sunburst’ (Golden students from the station and bus Honey Locust) interchange on Herring Road.
LANDSCAPE GATEWAYS
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HERRING ROAD GATEWAY
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HERRING ROAD GATEWAY MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 2014
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5.2.2 Balaclava Road Gateway Principles Landscape provide a strong eucalyptus entry to have an urban bushland While pedestrian traffi c on the – – framed entry to the University aesthetic strengthened with original western entry at Balaclava retain and enhance the informal a strong avenue of uniform Road entry is low, the gateway – tall Eucalypts planting at the Eucalyptus plantings. remains important for vehicular Epping Road intersection to recommended species include traffi c including many bus routes. – provide a distinctive character to Eucalyptus saligna (Sydney The entry from Epping Road is the campus Blue Gum), Eucalyptus pilularis dominated by informal stands – improve pedestrian access from (Blackbutt) and Corymbia of indigenous vegetation at the Epping Road into the campus and maculata (Spotted Gum) intersection, which changes to extend past the Library into the formal street planting in toward the University Common new Library/Learning Centre. – maintain appropriate setbacks to future development A new sculptural element may be – anticipate impacts from increased located at the end of the entry axis. regional traffi c growth and major upgrades to the Balaclava/Epping Road intersection from 2011 as part of an RTA bus priority project – ensure detailed design of the western car park is screened behind the existing vegetation facing Epping and Balaclava Roads
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BALACLAVA ROAD GATEWAY 87 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.2.3 Gymnasium Road Gateway Principles Landscape create a new pedestrian-friendly entry to be punctuated by Gymnasium Road off Culloden Road – – boulevard from Culloden Road colourful plantings to juxtapose provides the main path of travel for to the Academic Core with wider the existing bush land character. students residing in on-campus pedestrian paths and formal tree planting style to complement accommodation in the north-west – planting the domestic garden setting of quadrant of the campus. As housing extend the visual axis to the Culloden Road and beyond. provision and academic uses – Central Courtyard recommended species include increase in this precinct, the Master – create a transition space between Jacaranda mimosifolia Plan seeks to reinforce this corridor – Mars Creek and the Central (jacaranda) and Brachychiton as a major access point. Courtyard acerifolius (Illawarra Flame Tree) – consider amending north-west corner of existing Library building (C7A) to create a clear visual link between entry and Central Courtyard – review the Master Plan for the MUSAC complex to facilitate access to the facility and address on Gymnasium Road – initiate works to the Hub and former Library building to present an improved arrival sequence into the Central Courtyard – replace the existing open service yard for Central Courtyard facilities with access via a discrete loading entry at the lower end of Gymnasium Road
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GYMNASIUM ROAD GATEWAY 89 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.2.4 Talavera Road Gateway Principles Landscape create vistas into the campus contemporary urban plaza style With widening and improved access – – facilitate wayfi nding through landscape to provide a strong to and from the M2 Motorway, traffi c – the north-east quadrant of the entry experience into the campus along Talavera Road is expected to Academic Core recommended species include increase. The Talavera Road Gateway – facilitate pedestrians access into Pyrus ussuriensis (Manchurian will create a consolidated point – the Central Courtyard Pear), Koelreuteria paniculata of access for the Research Park create new address points to (Golden Rain Tree) precinct, the Private Hospital and the – development parcels in the north- eastern parts of the Academic Core. east – separate pedestrian and vehicular movements – widen the Talavera Road entry – separate the new pedestrian avenue from vehicle traffi c including hospital vehicles – extend the landscape scheme for Research Park Drive to this entry
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5.3 PRIMARY SPACES Place Making – Wally’s Walk is primarily a Function transitory space, that ebbs and 5.3.1 Wally’s Walk – pedestrian boulevard, university fl ows with activity as students focused travel between classes and to Wally’s Walk is a high quality space Character other destinations on campus. linking the east and western ends – structured, formal, soft, intimate It is a place for short stays and of the Academic Core that for many (European landscape) waiting rather than socialising in is one of the campus’s enduring Description a large groups images. It will remain important – Wally’s Walk is one of the key – Wally’s Walk should remain as an address for many campus east-west connections across the a beautiful and functional buildings and a connector to the campus, linking Mars Creek, the pedestrian boulevard, with open spaces at Mars Creek and Hub and Macquarie University carefully located, new staying University Creek. Hospital. the impressive canopy places along its edges, to not obstruct the fl ow of people along The Walk also serves as an of established London Plane its length. The experience should infrastructure service network with Trees creates a memorable be extended and gaps fi lled along its underground service tunnels. experience for people as they use its length This role should be preserved in the the space, one that changes with future and extended through the the seasons and is different from Academic Core. anything else on campus Place principles Principles – Wally’s Walk should build on Wally’s Walk should: traditional ‘boulevard’ character, distinguishing itself as a place – retain the distinctive deciduous that remains connected to the tree planting along the Walk University’s rich history – enhance creek connections at each end – major entries to address the Walk with discrete servicing points only on side corridors – locate accessible entries and building address points along the Walk – reinforce active uses and with high visibility into each building from the Walk – connect to pathways at the western end to the new parking structures
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Landscape – retain the existing language and character of the walkway and enhance with additional squares and formalised open spaces. – reinforce planting of existing species along the Walkway - Platanus x hybrida (London plane) – retain and enhance understory plantings – undertake maintenance of the existing trees to ensure longevity
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5.3.2 Macquarie Walk Place Making Place principles Function – draw on the character of The pedestrianisation of Macquarie pedestrian boulevard, public the creek landscape with Drive and its extension to the west – focussed predominantly indigenous will form the basis of a new high Character planting and trees, as well as quality space linking the east and green, energetic, impressive, colour and movement western ends of the Academic Core. – open (predominantly Indigenous – the primary activity is pedestrian It will become important as an landscape) movement to connect to major address for new campus buildings Description destinations along the Walk, this that are to form part of the Arts and Macquarie Walk is one of two is less a staying place than a Human Sciences faculties – major east-west links through the place to move through Like Wally’s Walk, it will be a university and for many, the main – the Walk should offer easy and connector between open spaces at entry path into the central core. It clear connections with all key Mars Creek and University Creek. defi nes the arrival experience and nodes offering university wide fi rst impressions of thousands directional signage including Principles of people each day, and as such campus maps and general – develop a distinctive indigenous should strongly communicate the information and deciduous tree planting along campus identity, atmosphere and – Macquarie Walk, particularly the Walk values between the Library and the – enhance creek connections at Station should be well lit and each end monitored for safe movement – locate accessible entries and between destinations building address points along the Walk – locate discrete servicing points only on side corridors – reinforce active uses at ground level - lobbies, cafes and meeting places – ensure high visibility into each building from the Walk – develop shelter elements along the Walk or at adjoining buildings
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Landscape – generous central walkway is to be bordered by activated edges, water sensitive urban design (WSUD) rain gardens and canopy landscape. – the space will have an informal landscape character anchored by a series of linked open spaces and accent paving. – the landscape treatment of Macquarie Walk will be broken into a series of elements that relate to levels of activity, adjoining uses
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Terminus Active Library The visual termination to the axis at The Active zone stretches through The Library zone marks the point the western end of Macquarie Walk the fl at area west of the Library where Macquarie Walk begins to will transition into the future West towards the West Common. The slope down towards University Creek Common (Arts Lawn). The landscape ground fl oor will be activated by in the east. The space will feature response is to feature: building entries and lobbies, cafes a continuation of strong avenue and communal spaces. planting. A series of smaller spaces – strong avenue planting will mediate the level changes at – feature paving design – northern edge to be characterised building frontages and will create – sophisticated green and white by seating nooks, raised turf beds, informal meeting places. planting palette rain gardens and a contemporary indigenous and non-indigenous The landscape treatment includes: colourful planting palette – activated southern edge enhance – activated southern edge by deciduous planting to control enhanced by deciduous planting solar access to control solar access – continuation of strong avenue – a northern edge to be planting characterised by seating nooks, raised turf beds, rain gardens – a contemporary planting palette with a large proportion of native species
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Plaza Creek Transition Overall The Plaza zone is the area adjacent The area between University Creek Recommended tree species include; to the new University Common. It and the new University Common will be a transition space between – the Creek Transition zone – will Evergreen the east-west fl ow along Macquarie be an active space that mediates – Angophora costata (Smooth Bark Walk and the strong north-south between the formality of the Herring Apple), movement into the University Road entry, the riparian zone and the – Eucalyptus punctata (Grey Gum) Common and Sir Christopher new open spaces at the heart of the Ondaatje Avenue. campus. Deciduous – Pyrus ussuriensis (Manchurian Landscape elements are: – strong avenue planting west of Pear) Eastern Road – Nyssa sylvatica (Tupelo) – plaza edge to the University – the creation of seating nooks, – Ulmus parvifolia (Chinese Elm) Common forming a meeting node raised turf beds and rain gardens – space to be characterised by as the spaces step down from the complex paving University Common – the creation of informal and – informal rain garden planting formal seating areas feathered into pedestrian plazas – activated southern edge to be – complex paving design to enhanced by deciduous tree characterise plaza spaces planting – sophisticated riparian planting palette including native grasses at the creek – opportunities to create terraced plaza spaces adjoining the cultural building
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5.3.3 Sir Christopher Place Making Place principles Ondaatje Avenue Function – Sir Christopher Ondaatje – primary pedestrian boulevard Avenue should offer a variety The primary north-south walk linking key public spaces of experiences that refl ect through the campus introduces a Character Asian sensibilities regarding reinforced north-south corridor – transitional, unbounded, slow edge and centre, introversion through the campus core between (Asian landscape principles) and extraversion, enclosure the two creeks. It connects Central Description and openness providing a Courtyard, the new University – Sir Christopher Ondaatje physical representation of Common, Macquarie Walk and Avenue is a key point of campus the transformative culture of University Avenue and the Mars connection, linking the Library University and University Creek open spaces. Forecourt, the University – the Avenue is primarily for Running north from bus and rail Common and the Central walking through, but a slow walk access points, it will form a major Courtyard and thus binding the that allows for sitting down to address point for important campus social, academic and symbolic talk, pausing to watch the world destinations. hearts of the University together. go by or entering into one of the adjacent spaces Principles It provides the opportunity to connect the past, present and – the preferred location for history – complements Wally’s Walk as a future aspects of the University plaques or other memorials or broad pedestrian pathway markers – improves access to Mars Creek – a highly managed and manicured and the adjacent parkland from space, this area should retain a the Academic Core certain distinction and respect – terminates at the Lake after a series of stepped levels from the Central Courtyard – extends through to the South Zone and University Creek in the south, where the vista is contained by existing stands of large eucalypts. A wide pedestrian path engages the creek as it approaches the southern end – creates a place with a focus on the Sculpture Park – acts as a principal link between the old and new libraries
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Landscape – provide a strong visual connection to Mars and University Creeks – reinforce the clarity of the spine through a double row of feature trees – create outdoor rooms and study areas through planting and accent paving – recommended species include Toona australis (Red Cedar), Flindersia australis (Crows Ash), Waterhousea ‘Green Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly Pilly) and Acmena smithii (Lilly Pilly)
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5.3.4 The Central Courtyard Place Making Place principles Function – build on the existing informal The Central Courtyard will remain primary student social and leisure and unstructured character to an important space within the – hub create a place that is both bold University. Whilst some central Character and iconic but also comfortable, functions such as the Learning informal/organic, interactive, fun relaxed, fun and changeable Centre have relocated, administrative – Description – co-locate food and services offer and civic functions of the University the Central Courtyard should be with high quality experience of should remain focused in this area. – a people magnet with an offer of the public realm: north facing, There are plans to activate the edges both hospitality and experience sheltered, people watching, vista of the space with additional food and than can compete with the framing for indoor/outdoor dining beverage uses. Macquarie Centre – ensure that the best outdoor Renewal of the buildings framing this – all roads lead to the Central playing/eating/relaxing spaces space will revitalise the courtyard. Courtyard and it must meet or are free, i.e. not commercial Creation of a new direct link to even exceed expectations as a – support and encourage student Mars Creek towards Gymnasium people focused destination that activation of the place with Road in the north-west of the space is fl exible, community owned and appropriate services such as will mean a much more accessible truly representative of the spirit of power, water, seating and shelter connection to the north and to the campus life as a place of personal that can be used for a variety of student housing areas. and group expression event scales and types
Principles – conserve the original Eucalypt planting – celebrate the original 1960s and 1970s architecture as appropriate – improve access to and functionality of the Lincoln Building and the former Library – develop links to adjacent spaces and the northern campus entry points – maximise visual and spatial links between the Central Courtyard and the four key campus entry points – prepare a detailed Master Plan for this important location to ensure the best outcome – maximise northern solar access and visual link between the Central Courtyard and landscaped vista to the north (to the lake and beyond)
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Landscape – retain existing Corymbia citriodora plantings – remove and upgrade paving, upgrade drainage and consider returfi ng of select spaces within the courtyard as envisaged in the original design – remove existing benches and allow informal seating – rejuvenate the space – undertake maintenance of the existing trees to ensure longevity
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5.3.5 The University Common Principles Place Making create a clear space for the new Function The University Common will be – University Common with the traditional park environment for a signifi cant new space that will – removal of buildings C4A, C4B informal and passive enjoyment become a new focal point for develop a mix of lawn, planted of the outdoors Macquarie University. It will have – and paved areas Character few parallels at other University plan multiple connected pathways informal, unstructured, soft campuses. With generous – – across the space (European landscape) dimensions and addressed by major accommodate pavilion buildings Description buildings such as the Learning – within the space that can serve the University Common is a Centre, it will unite Wally’s Walk with – as orientation centres or social symbol of the shared space of the Sir Christopher Ondaatje Avenue meeting points the campus, an unprogrammed and create legibility within, and a introduce subtle level changes park like environment, where focal point for the campus. It will – from west to east with terraced students, staff and visitors can sit receive good solar access throughout landscaping and facilitate on the lawn, under trees or in the the year. potential views to the lake sunshine enjoying nature The Learning Centre will provide 18- – demarcate the major pedestrian Place principles hour a day activity. The Common and pathways with new tree planting – create a traditional, European the locality of other major campus – develop the Common as part of style park land with lawns, soft functions facing the Common will a sequence of spaces from Mars leafed vegetation and mature extend activity in this space. Creek to University Creek. shade trees – create a place of assembly and – a generally unprogrammed celebration within the campus space with park style benches – maximise connectivity and for sitting, reading or quiet accessibility between the new conversations, pathways and Common and the existing campus seating spaces should be Central Courtyard separated to create niches of privacy – minimise planned activities or programs in this area – utilise the changes in levels to create defi ned spaces
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Landscape – create open spaces for informal gathering and campus activities and meetings – relate spaces to Wally’s Walk, Macquarie Walk, the Library and adjoining circulation spaces – work with levels to ensure signifi cant trees are preserved – large evergreen trees to frame the spaces while deciduous trees delineate plaza areas – plan for the integration of major sculptural elements – recommended species include Corymbia citriodora (Lemon Scented Gum), Angophora costata (Smooth Bark Apple), Sapium sebiferum (Chinese Tallow).
UNIVERSITY COMMON
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5.3.6 The Library Forecourt Place Making Place principles: Function – represent the formal and The Library Forecourt is a distinct primary place of exchange and intellectual aspect of University place at symbolic centre of learning – educational engagement life through the creation on the campus. The new space Character: of a public space that is a connects to the University Common, structured, inspiring, dramatic counterpoint to the Central Sir Christopher Ondaatje Avenue and – (European landscape) Courtyard, a place that is Macquarie Walk. Description: inspiring and engaging Principles – the Library Forecourt should – externalise the learning opportunity for students and – create a clear address to the represent the learning culture of Library the University; transformative, visitors alike by creating environments for meeting and for – develop a mix of lawn, planted innovative and collaborative and paved areas – the Forecourt and adjoining area collaboration ensure that there are seating and – integrate multiple connected of the University Common act – pathways across the space as the symbolic threshold point working opportunities for solos, small and large groups, shaded – manage the level changes into the campus’ central precinct, from west to east with terraced a meeting place and visual and sunny, and weather protected landscaping an the potential representation of the University – ensure that seating spaces are to create new uses below the education quality kept clean and well maintained, forecourt provide power for computers – develop the Forecourt as part of a sequence of spaces from Mars Creek to University Creek. – maximise connectivity between the new Forecourt and the Central Courtyard
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Landscape – manage the change in level by creating a series of stepped open spaces, using the terracing to provide seating for informal gatherings – provide a plaza space adjoining the library entrance that connects the forecourt and through space to Macquarie Walk and Wally’ s Walk – integrate the level change design solution of Macquarie Walk through ramping and steps into the forecourt area to create a cohesion of space – use a mix of deciduous and evergreen tree species to delineate walkways while controlling solar access throughout the year – plan for the integration of major sculptural elements – recommended species include Corymbia citriodora (Lemon Scented Gum), Angophora costata (Smooth Bark Apple), Sapium sebiferum (Chinese Tallow), Pyrus Ussuriensis (Manuchurian Pear)
LIBRARY FORECOURT
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5.3.7 Arts Lawn (West Common) Place Making Place principles: Function – the Arts Lawn should refl ect The West Common lies in the intimate social hub for the western the local student population: a Arts precinct and is linked to the – campus quirky, changeable and creative University Common along a path past Character: environment the new Library. – informal, creative, changeable – deliver a place that can function on Located largely on land currently used (European landscape) a day to day level as a local social for parking, the Arts Lawn forms a Description: activity hub but also has the built in link between Wally’s Walk and the – the Arts Lawn should provide both infrastructure to allow for multiple new Macquarie Walk. This more soft and hard areas suitable for fl exible uses eg. power, lighting, intimate space is close to the Mars fl exible uses including outdoor art catenary structure etc Creek corridor. installations and other creative – focus western amenities such as performances or endeavours. The cafes, student or staff services etc Principles base design should be quirky and around the edge of the space, even – provide a defi ned open space focus fl exible enough to be transformed mural walls in the west of the Academic Core with low cost and resources – loosen management strictures – build on the close access to the over the space and invite student informal landscape of Mars Creek ownership of the creative – link to the University Core along a programming of the area new major walkway that also links to the station. – mediate the landform through a series of stepped levels to the north – create an important termination in the west of the Academic Core and Macquarie Walk
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Landscape – the Arts Lawn will be an open space courtyard ideal for informal gatherings – the grove of existing eucalypts is to remain – large evergreen trees to frame the spaces while deciduous trees delineate plaza areas. – plaza spaces to have feature paving and seating – recommended species include Waterhousea fl oribunda (Lilly Pilly), Brachychiton acerifolius (Flame Tree), Jacaranda (Jacaranda) and Pyrus ussuriensis (Manchurian Pear)
ARTS LAWN 107 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.3.8 The Grove (East Common) Place Making Place principles Function – enhance the existing forest As the activity in the University focal point for Sculpture Park and experience with soft and increases around the Hospital and – Arboretum unstructured paths leading new Science programs, there will be Character through and down to the creek, a need for a new open space in the contemplative, hidden/revealing, and more local species of north-east of the Academic Core. – (Indigenous landscape) vegetation The large space has a framework of Description – the Grove is primarily for quiet existing trees will be an extension of – the grove of mature trees creates contemplation and passive the Mars Creek landscape. The space a forest like atmosphere and a enjoyment is located on generally level ground sense of mystery and discovery. – key artworks from the university and will have good solar access. It is a place of contemplation and collection should be integrated enjoyment of the arts, through the into the detailed design of both Principles careful placement of appropriate the path ways and the tree – provide an informal open space sculpture, and nature through the plantings. focus in the north of the Academic arboretum planting. – the opportunity exists to link Core – the Grove provides the important the Sculpture Park and the – develop interfaces with the new transitional link between the Arboretum through a site specifi c north-east axis Indigenous creek landscape and artwork to celebrate the next 50 – acknowledge the growth in the university grid. years of the University campus. programs associated with the Hospital – create a new open space of similar area to the new University Common
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Landscape – develop the Grove as an extension of the Mars Creek open space – retain and enhance the existing vegetation – provide interesting areas of open space for passive recreation and cultural campus events – provide a walking track that connects to the creek and lake, vegetation pockets and cultural spaces – provide further opportunities for and encourage art installations within the landscape that relate to the different precincts around Mars Creek
THE GROVE 109 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.3.9 Mars Creek – realign perimeter pathways Landscape to promote continuity of the rehabilitate and naturalise the Mars Creek is to be celebrated as a – watercourse with small crossings creek line substantial natural resource within and pathways encouraging retain and rehabilitate existing the campus. It is to be rehabilitated – visitation vegetation pockets with a modifi ed watercourse and – create a variety of landscapes and provide interesting areas of open new planting to enable regrowth, – water forms, ranging from smaller space for passive recreation and establishing a maturing habitat for quieter spaces at the higher cultural campus events the University population to enjoy. western reaches, down to the lake – provide a walking track that Both the Master Plan and the Mars expanse and toward Lane Cove relates to the creek, vegetation Creek landscape design study River across the motorway pockets and cultural spaces contemplate some adjustments to – ensure that satisfactory pollution – provide further opportunities for landscape and surface levels. control measures are installed at and encourage art and sculpture appropriate locations installations within the landscape Principles – manage topography changes that relate to the different – create a defi ned riparian landscape through cascading terraces leading precincts around Mars Creek up to the Academic Core and to the lake platform from the development parcels to the Central Courtyard and the North- northern bank with perimeter South Walk pedestrian and cycle paths to the – complete fl ora and fauna studies creek space for the habitat within the creek – create a more natural sinuous corridor creek alignment at the upper – redesign stormwater catchment reaches and outfl ows to redirect surface – ensure that buildings address the catchment from the academic core open space away from the parkland
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MARS CREEK 111 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.3.10 University Creek Principles Landscape implement the landscape rehabilitate and naturalise creek University Creek is to be improved – – rehabilitation plan for University line in accordance with the NSW under existing plans to mitigate Creek Offi ce of Water requirements fl ood risk, ensure conservation and adopt the full riparian zone, with provide interesting areas of open enhancement of the habitat in the – – wider setbacks to buildings, space for passive recreation and creek corridor and contribute as an throughout the creek corridor campus events important element of the principal extend the Sir Christopher create a terraced urban plaza that entry into the University. The creek – – Ondaatje Walk axis south from integrates the creek landscape landscape is seen as a defi ning Macquarie Walk to engage the with the University Avenue edge of the Academic Core and as a creek zone campus gateway landscape frame for the campus. – take advantage of progressive – provide a walking track that The redesigned University Avenue phases of the Master Plan to relates to the creek, plazas and entry will improve gradients and ease remove buildings such as car pedestrian nodes of movement from the rail station to park F3A from the creek zone – provide opportunities for and the campus heart. The arrival walk – provide continuous accessible encourage art installations in and along an elevated pathway through pedestrian paths along the edges around the creek landscape the creek habitat, within shade of its of the creek zone – provide interesting and sensitive tall tree canopy, will be a unique and – review the 200ARI fl ood risk to creek crossings and elevated memorable experience in a major existing buildings in the Research walkways university campus. Park and plan for long- term – consider the opportunity to create improvements a water feature to enhance the – redesign storm water catchment campus entry experience and outfl ows to minimise catchment run-off from the developed campus core areas
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UNIVERSITY CREEK 113 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4 SECONDARY SPACES 5.4.1 Mars Creek Plaza Landscape Principles Develop a mix of lawn, planted Located at the end of the Macquarie – and paved areas A series of smaller, informal spaces Walk, the future Mars Creek Plaza Plan multiple connected will provide breakout, recreational will be an urban space which opens – pathways across the space and outdoor learning spaces. These to the afternoon sun and connects to Allow for any change in level are planned to reinforce existing the Mars Creek landscape corridor. – spaces or create opportunities that toward the creek by stepping complement the wider open space The space is to be integrated with creating informal seating and network. the Mars Creek landscape while the gathering nooks orientation will provide opportunities – Characterise space with accent An aboriginal based Learning Circle for access to the winter afternoon sun. paving forming engaging patterns has been proposed in the Mars Creek – Allow for formalised and informal corridor. seating areas – Retain and enhance views through to Mars Creek and Macquarie Walk – Retain existing trees if possible – Recommended species include Eucalyptus punctata (Grey Gum) – Angophora costata (Smooth Bark Apple), Corymbia maculata (Spotted Gum), Pyrus ussuriensis (Manchurian Pear) and Ulmus parvifolia (Chinese Elm)
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MARS CREEK PLAZA 115 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4.2 Wally’s Walk Park Landscape Principles retain existing trees This existing north-facing open space – maintain and enhance visual provides excellent views into Mars – connection to Mars Creek and Creek and the lawns are popular with Wally’s Walk students and staff. – provide opportunities for formal New development to the east and west and informal seating will see the core of the space retained – provide new paths, taking into and there is the potential to extend account popular/informal walking the space towards the creek with new routes seating and landscaped elements. – allow for any change in level toward the creek by stepping creating informal seating and gathering nooks – provide opportunities for public art – provide interesting and sensitive creek crossings and elevated walkways (if required) – provide opportunities for interesting Water Sensitive Urban Design integrated within the landscape
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WALLY’S WALK PARK 117 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4.3 Macquarie Theatre Landscape Principles Courtyard – retain and enhance existing courtyard form and function The recent upgrade of the Macquarie – address popular/informal walking Theatre has seen upgrade work routes undertaken on the spaces around this – maintain and enhance the focal point on the campus. The high connection to Wally’s Walk quality landscape. – provide additional paths through The existing courtyard is used space extensively through the day both as a – provide opportunities for public leisure space and informal teaching. art to enhance space The plaza provides break out spaces from the theatre before and after performances and lectures.
Future development of the Theatre site and surrounding parcels may see new paths introduced and some reworking of the spaces.
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MACQUARIE THEATRE OPEN SPACE 119 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4.4 Jim Rose Earth Landscape Principles Science Garden – retain and enhance existing courtyard form and function An existing open space on the – maintain and enhance the campus, the Jim Rose Earth Science connection to Wally’s Walk Garden has an important role both – provide additional paths through as educational plantings and as a space taking into account new memorial to Jim Rose. desire lines The space lies at the junction of Wally’s – retain existing trees where Walk and the upgraded Sir Christopher possible and if trees are required Ondaatje Avenue – one of the highest to be removed the same species traffi cked spaces in the campus’ should be replanted elsewhere pedestrian network. Planned as a in the courtyard to ensure the retreat, the landscape treatment is to original design intent and integrity upgrade the space while preserving of the space is maintained the sense of relief from the main pedestrian network.
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JIM ROSE EARTH SCIENCE GARDEN 121 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4.5 Talavera Park Landscape Principles integrate plaza space with Mars The pocket of land east of the existing – Creek landscape MGSM lies on Talavera Road between allow for any change in level the existing vehicular entry and Mars – toward the creek by stepping Creek. The land slopes steeply to the creating informal seating and north and the creek. gathering spaces The space lies to the north of the new – maintain turf surfacing and Talavera Road entry. provide suitable paths to suit popular/informal walking routes – allow for informal seating areas – retain and enhance views through to Mars Creek – retain existing trees where possible – maintain and enhance buffer planting along Talavera Rd boundary – recommended species include Angophora costata (Smooth Bark Apple), Eucalyptus punctata (Grey Gum) and Corymbia maculata (Spotted Gum)
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TALAVERA PARK SPACE 123 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.4.6 Frank Mercer Biological Landscape Principles Sciences Garden – retain and enhance existing garden form and function The Biological Science Garden was including arboretum signage developed by Professor Frank Mercer – provide additional paths through in collaboration with the Architect’s space taking into account new Planner Offi ce. Garden beds were desire lines designed to showcase particular plant – retain existing trees biological characteristics; a fern bed, – provide informal seating a pond for algae and mosses, a bed displaying monocotyledons, another for dicotyledons, a dry land bed with cacti and succulents, and yet another with plants from two closely related families, the Epacridaceae and the Ericacaeae.
Many of the species planted are either uncommon or sourced from unique locations and there is an opportunity to revive the scientifi c, educational and thematic display enriching the landscape experience of the University.
The proximity to the Hospital means that the space has potential as an open space accessible by patients and staff.
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FRANK MERCER BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES GARDEN 125 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5 STREETS AND LINKS develops new paving and planting, Principles and introduces water sensitive urban 5.5.1 University Avenue design (WSUD) elements in the – University Avenue is relocated to median. University Avenue is relocated the east side of University Creek The pedestrianisation of Macquarie to the east side of University Creek – widened road reserve Drive and the closure of Research Park before sweeping around to Herring – new footpaths and landscaping to Drive at the main campus entry will Road. both sides see a change in the role and focus of – median planting and water University Avenue. treatment – new right turn lanes to access University Avenue has long been a development sites major route through Macquarie Park – upgraded lighting and signage with buses and local traffi c using the elements road as a route between Epping Road and the Macquarie Centre. The closure of Macquarie Drive to traffi c will require the relocation of east bound buses and should assist in reducing the volume of local through traffi c.
Most signifi cant change will be the increase in development density along this corridor.
Previous plans identifi ed the need to upgrade University Avenue. The new plan formalises the road treatment,
UNIVERSITY AVENUE SECTION AT UNIVERSITY CREEK UNIVERSITY AVENUE WESTERN END SECTION
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Landscape – three zones of distinct planting with common elements: - Entry space at Herring Road, Creek zone near Robert Menzies College and Commercial zone in the west of the corridor. Entry space is to include a strong double avenue of deciduous street tree planting. Recommended species include Koelreuteria paniculata (Golden Rain Tree), Sapium sebiferum (Chinese Tallow), Gleditsia tricanthanos ‘Sunburst’ (Golden Honey Locust) - Creek zone - Evergreen riparian planting to the median Tristaniopsis laurina ‘Luscious’) and Deciduous avenue planting to the southern edge (Gleditsia tricanthos ‘Sunburst’). No planting along the creek frontage - Commercial zone – to extend the contemporary planting themes at Hearing Hub, street tree planting to continue as a double avenue of Syncarpia glomulifera (Turpentine) and where possible in the median
UNIVERSITY AVENUE 127 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5.2 Research Park Drive Principles Landscape closure of the road at University create a strong green corridor Research Park Drive marks the – – Creek to improve amenity and to frame the campus core and eastern edge of the Academic Core safety for pedestrians walking to provide a visual boundary and marks the edge of major ancillary and from the railway station street tree planting to be uses on the campus – Research – new footpaths and landscaping to evergreen medium sized trees to Park, Macquarie Hospital and the – both sides visually link the Research Park development of the new commercial extensive planting Drive with the University Creek buildings adjacent to the Railway – redevelopment of carpark sites landscape Station. – as new academic buildings with – where possible building setbacks The closure of the road at its southern potential for parking below to include buffer planting to end will result in reduced traffi c and strengthen green corridor will allow public domain upgrades. concept – recommended street species . include Toona australis (Red Cedar), Flindersia australis (Crows Ash), Waterhousea ‘Green Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly Pilly) and Acmena smithii (Lilly Pilly)
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RESEARCH PARK DRIVE 129 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5.3 Eastern Road 5.5.4 Western Road Eastern Road serves currently as a Western Road will be widened, secondary service road, also used straightened and paved areas heavily by pedestrian traffi c. Future upgraded. It will be a shared way, works should improve the quality of with access for service vehicles only. this street by: – develop as a shared access route – remove open parking areas and – levelling undulating levels at the screen service yards southern end – developing as a shared access Landscape route – small evergreen street trees – removing open parking areas and – recommended species include screening of service yards Cupaniopsis anacardiodes (Tuckeroo), Tristaniopsis Landscape laurina ‘Luscious’ (Water Gum), – small evergreen street trees Waterhousea fl oribunda ‘Green – recommended species include Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly Cupaniopsis anacardiodes Pilly), Backhousia myrtifolia (Grey (Tuckeroo), Tristaniopsis Myrtle) laurina ‘Luscious’ (Water Gum), Waterhousea fl oribunda ‘Green Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly Pilly), Backhousia myrtifolia (Grey Myrtle)
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WESTERN AND EASTERN ROADS 131 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5.5 West Precinct Road Landscape small evergreen street trees A new road is to be constructed in the – recommended species include zone west of Mars Creek. Much of the – Cupaniopsis anacardiodes car park traffi c will be on Culloden (Tuckeroo), Tristaniopsis Road allowing the new road to deal laurina ‘Luscious’ (Water Gum), with campus traffi c and providing Waterhousea fl oribunda ‘Green access to new development in the west Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly of the site. Pilly), Backhousia myrtifolia (Grey The street will be a simple two-lane Myrtle) street (one lane each way) with parking recessed into a landscape zone.
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WEST PRECINCT ROAD
133 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5.6 East-West Pedestrian Landscape Connections – small deciduous trees – recommended species include The existing network of minor links will Pyrus ussuriensis (Manchurian be formalised and upgraded across the Pear), Pistacia chinensis (Chinese campus. These pedestrian spaces will pistachio), Ulmus parvifolia have a simple central path with a zone (Chinese Elm) for landscape buffers and open spaces on either side.
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EAST-WEST LINKS
135 5. PUBLIC DOMAIN
5.5.7 North-South Pedestrian Landscape Connections – small evergreen trees – recommended species include Like the east-west links, the existing Cupaniopsis anacardiodes network of north-south pedestrian (Tuckeroo), Tristaniopsis links will be formalised and upgraded laurina ‘Luscious’ (Water Gum), across the campus. The links are Waterhousea fl oribunda ‘Green planned to have a central path with Avenue’ (Green Avenue Lilly areas for landscape and open spaces Pilly), Backhousia myrtifolia on either side. (Grey Myrtle), Flindersia australis (Crows Ash)
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NORTH-SOUTH LINKS 137
6 BUILT FORM 6. BUILT FORM
6.1 BUILDING LIFE The Master Plan assumes that only very recent and legacy buildings All buildings on the campus have (of potential historic or social a life that is determined by age, signifi cance) are to remain and these cultural or architectural value, are shown on the Master Plan. The changes in needs or potential for process however is not immediate adaptability. Some elements have nor pre nscriptive and there will be a historic or social signifi cance and staged transition. some recent additions or upgrades mean that they can be expected to be Detailed assessment will be in use over the longer term. undertaken as the need for new accommodation is recognised, Since the campus was opened in however preliminary work has the 1960s, the changing approach identifi ed the likely physical or to energy usage, sustainability and functional obsolescence of buildings building performance has meant that across the campus. existing building fabric is assessed differently. Rising expectations During implementation of the Master in response to environmental Plan, various buildings will be change, measured energy use, and demolished and replaced: life cycle properties of buildings – prioritise the removal of buildings and infrastructure, have led to a that are functionally or physically more critical approach to building obsolescent performance and life. – identify which buildings can be removed to make way for new spaces and places – plan for new buildings of suffi cient scale to ensure that the site yields can be attained
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BUILDING LIFE 141 6. BUILT FORM
6.2 DEVELOPMENT PARCELS
The Master Plan identifi es new parcels, based on the original grid through the centre of the campus although less rigidly adhering to the grid, to better relate to external and internal conditions.
Sites have been identifi ed based on a series of principles:
– respond to the new axis framework – reinforce the original Walter Abraham planning structure – maintain legacy buildings – develop standard widths for links based on pedestrian needs and opportunities for ancillary landscape and buffer zones
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DEVELOPMENT LOTS 143 6. BUILT FORM
6.3 BUILDING HEIGHTS The Master Plan seeks to:
Under the new Urban Activation – establish a compatible transition Precinct and previous planning in heights based on new building controls there are no height limits approvals along Herring Road on any site other than those along – limit heights at the University Herring Road. Avenue by setting taller buildings back from the entry to create The Master Plan maintains this an appropriate scale for the approach and responds to new University’s main entry height limits at Herring Road while – adjust height controls at Culloden freeing up the rest of the campus and Epping Roads to refl ect the to respond to height opportunities. new planning structure and the Most importantly however, the fi nal extension of the Academic Core scale of buildings within the heart of the campus will be controlled to optimise solar access in the new and existing common spaces as development sees the replacement or refurbishment of existing stock as appropriate.
Height through the Academic Core is to ensure that appropriate building heights frame and defi ne major spaces while permitting access to sunlight. Heights are increased in areas that do not impact major open spaces to accommodate increased density for future uses.
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INDICATIVE HEIGHT TARGETS. SUBJECT TO REVIEW AND DETAILED ANALYSIS
PROPOSED BUILDING HEIGHTS 145 6. BUILT FORM
6.4 BUILDING DEFINITION
The defi nition of spaces and the public domain is a critical element in the Master Plan. The identifi cation of setbacks and recommended building frontages is intended to ensure the defi nition of principal public domain spaces by built form.
Controls identifi ed seek to:
– create of building lots within the grid planning structure – encourage consistent facade alignments on major thoroughfares, to reinforce the edges of major spaces – require facades to address and defi ne the public domain
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BUILDING DEFINITION 147 6. BUILT FORM
6.5 BUILDING ADDRESSES – links within development parcels which enable through-site Building entries for new campus secure connections should be buildings should recognise the encouraged primary campus pedestrian network. – generally, the principle entry to They should enable simple way any building should be at the fi nding across campus with obvious, main address point simple addresses: – fl oor levels will be counted with the address level being Level 0 – primary Building entries should be identifi ed and clearly articulated for each site – primary entries to be located on principal pedestrian corridors or open space – building entries for general use should not confl ict with vehicle and service access – entry fl oor levels should relate closely to pedestrian paths to enable full compliance with current access standards – principal entry doors should coincide with accessible entries
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BUILDING ADDRESSES 149 6. BUILT FORM
6.6 RAIL CORRIDOR IMPACTS First Reserve First Reserve Second Reserve Second Reserve The construction of the Epping within Support outside Support within Zone of outside Zone of to Chatswood Rail Line has had Zone Zone Infl uence Infl uence enormous benefi ts to the University. Macquarie University is the only Excavations Not permitted Excavation less Excavation less Excavation less major University in Australia with a than 3m require than 3m require than 3m require rail station at its front door. no assessment no assessment no assessment The planned construction of the Excavation more Excavation more Excavation more NWRL will extend the Epping to than 3m require than 3m require than 3m require Chatswood Rail Link north-west assessment assessment assessment to Castle Hill and Rouse Hill and dramatically increase patronage to Shallow Not permitted Shallow Shallow footings Shallow footings and through the Macquarie University Footings footings require require no require no station. assessment assessment assessment
Transport for NSW limits development within the zone of Deep Not permitted Deep Deep Deep infl uence of the tunnels and any Foundations foundations foundations foundations signifi cant development above the require require may not require tunnel reserves will need formal assessment assessment assessment approval: Tunnels and Not permitted Tunnels and Tunnels and Tunnels and – no development of structural Underground underground underground underground elements within the tunnel zone Excavations excavations excavations excavations (First Reserve) require require require – structural elements are permitted assessment assessment assessment in the Second Reserve (and in the First Reserve outside the Support Demolition Not permitted Demolition Demolition Demolition Zone) within 3m of grade of Existing of existing of existing of existing – structural elements are permitted Subsurface subsurface subsurface subsurface in the Second Reserve (a zone Structures structures structures structures struck at 45 degrees from the require require require bottom and 20m to the side of the assessment assessment assessment First Reserve)
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6.7 LEGACY BUILDINGS – vista and connections to Northern Landscape, Mars Creek and An assessment of the campus was Macquarie Lake undertaken and drew on its well – Central Courtyard & scented documented history as well as Eucalypts interviews with key contributors such – East-West Walk (Wally’s Walk) as the University’s original landscape including trees and spatial nodes architect, Dick Clough. located along Wally’s Walk – the junction of Wally’s Walk and The assessment identifi ed a number Eastern Road of key elements including: – Central Courtyard junction with Wally’s Walk – the Campus Master Plan and – orthogonal N-S Campus streets design philosophy – internal Courtyards generally - Sustainability Philosophy – University / College Creek (current design philosophy) – Building E7 – the fi rst building - Building Language Philosophy constructed on the site (Teaching - limited palette using ‘off- Building). form’ concrete and dark brick – Building C7A, the former library – building along Wally’s Walk the second building constructed - original Building Flexibility on the site (Core Building) and Adaptability Philosophy – Building W6 – the third building (original design concepts - still constructed on the site relevant today) – Building C8A - Council Building – courtyards – external (enclosed (Administrative Centre) by adjacent building) & internal – Building C10A - Union Building courtyards (located within – elevated connections and bridges buildings eg W6A & W6B) between buildings
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6.8 DESIGN EXCELLENCE Urban Form Materials Macquarie University’s success as The materials used on campus Within the University’s strong a built environment has been very should belong to a common landscape and public domain much through the quality of its palette appropriate to place and setting, the challenge is to create a landscape and parkland setting. environment that will unify the consistent architectural approach New development should generally buildings across the campus and that develops a common language be consistent with, and enhance the to create a common theme and while creating opportunities for overall identity of the campus. reinforce the contemporary and diversity and variety within the The Master Plan aims to maintain modern expression of buildings in precinct. To meet the Master Plan’s the overall character and the precinct. expectation of high quality design, environment of the campus and innovative and exciting designs that principles underpinning the built Lighting maximise the potential of sites and form strategy are: The careful illumination of buildings their location are expected and and open spaces for access, accents will add to the overall quality and – defi nition of major spaces by built and building identifi cation within character of the campus. form private lots will contribute to the – reinforcement of main circulation success and night time experience Just as the environment has played spines with buildings that on the campus. an important role in the public overlook the spaces domain, new buildings on the – activation of ground levels on Signage campus will be expected to adopt major spaces with retail, cafes Signage will be controlled to create innovative environmental initiatives. student services or lobbies an attractive public domain and not Key considerations for the new – buildings to have a clear address impact on the character and quality buildings within the precinct are: to either a road or a main open of the campus. space or a pedestrian link – Embody environmentally sensitive – preservation of access to sunlight design principles Sustainability for key open spaces Macquarie University is committed – ensure that building facades are – defi nition of the public domain to incorporating sustainability into environmentally responsive through the creation of built its actions and practices as part of – windows with northern, eastern edges to streets and open spaces its responsibility to the community and western aspects are to and the environment, as well as incorporate shading elements promoting a healthy workplace and – allow for individual expression in Articulation campus for staff and students. All building design within a common Buildings are to be articulated new developments are to meet the language of materials and through the expression of overall University’s sustainability guidelines. fi nishes massing as well as separate parts of – adopt key building design a building, such as entries, access elements that defi ne the public Design Approval stairs, walkways, sun shading All development proposals will be domain and balconies. Elements that are – use colours and materials that reviewed for consistency with this required to moderate environmental Master Plan and require the approval are consistent and/or responsive conditions, such as sunlight, breezes to the design palette of common of the University prior to seeking and screening, are to be designed to statutory approval. materials, colour and fi nishes enliven a building’s facade. within the precinct Buildings must demonstrate – develop a comprehensive and contemporary expression and unifi ed lighting strategy environmental responsiveness and – respond to the strong landscape function must respond to place, setting environment and the urban character of the campus.
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7 SUSTAINABILITY 7. SUSTAINABILITY
7.1 LEGACY In the 1960s, the University’s Professional Board took a view Sustainability principles have that the location of the University been an integral consideration for should allow for ‘suffi cient space for Macquarie University’s campus the university to be developed as a since the University’s conception, traditional university consisting of infl uencing early ideas of the groups of well-designed buildings University’s location, character and enclosing green spaces for gardens the balance between natural and and recreational places for students built environments. and staff’, and that the University should be located ‘close to a railway The Sustainability Campus Vision is: station’ to reduce the need for bus transport. Our Vision is that Macquarie University will be a model These early ideas are refl ected in collaborative community the development of the campus 50 demonstrating global leadership years later, where courtyards provide and innovation in the sustainable an informal external environment development of built and natural surrounded by teaching spaces, and environments more recently a signifi cant shift to train travel has occurred with the opening of the Macquarie University station in 2010.
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7.2 SUSTAINABILITY The framework for sustainable PLANNING CONTEXT development in the Master Plan is supported by a number of voluntary The focus of sustainability in the and compliance commitments. Master Plan aligns with other These include: environmental, social and economic drivers for the University and – Macquarie University Concept provides benefi ts to the broader Plan 2009 University community. The drivers – Macquarie University Energy for sustainable development of the Strategy 2013 campus are shown in the following – University Travel Plan 2012-2017. diagram.
Attracting the Best and Brightest Industry Engagement
Increased Built Form Density Research
Campus Growth Innovation
MQU Increasing Utility Cost Sustainability Climate Change Drivers
Strategic Leadership Positioning Water Security
Intrinsic Value Community Expectations
Compliance Depletion of Natural Resources
159 7. SUSTAINABILITY
7.3 WHERE ARE WE NOW?
The Macquarie University Property Sustainable Development Strategic Plan will be developed in 2014. The Plan will outline initiatives to position the University as a sustainable development leader into the next decade and beyond, focusing on 2020 and 2030 as milestone years.
An initial research phase is now complete, during which an operational baseline (i.e. current performance) was determined. This provides a benchmark for assessing sustainability progress in the Master Plan. A gap analysis will also be completed which will identify key areas for improvement.
The outcomes of the initial research exercise show the University’s current performance as follows:
AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY BENCHMARKS
THE UNIVERSITY’S IMPACT ANNUAL IMPACT – Energy consumption per annum = 237.1 TJs – Energy cost 2013 = >$9m – Greenhouse gas emissions per annum = 44,575 tonnes – Total campus eco-footprint = 1.3 Planets (exceeds One Planet goal) – Total waste generated annually = 1458 Tonnes – Potable water used = 212,300 kL
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7.3.1 Eco-footprint: one planet 7.3.4 Materials – tree replenishment aims to enhance biodiversity values using – the campus ecological footprint is – total amount of waste generated locally native species, maintain exceeding the biological capacity is 1,458 tonnes (includes or enhance amenity, and provide of the planet by 30% at 1.3 furniture, e-waste, contaminated continuous tree canopy along Planets waste and sanitary waste) signifi cant landscape corridors. – One Planet pilot project – alternative waste treatment has Replacement of removed implemented to begin reducing been implemented with 66% landscape trees is at a 2:1 ratio. ecological footprint of campus diversion from landfi ll – trees with identifi ed remnant – operational expenditure (38%), – the Furniture Store reuse facility native habitat value, or with buildings (32%) energy (17%) are recirculated 1,750 items valued connections to the historic the key drivers of Macquarie’s at $1.1 million and diverted 380 heritage of the local area (e.g. ecological footprint tonnes from landfi ll since 2010 orchard remnants), are replaced – source separated paper and at a higher planting rate, typically 7.3.2 Energy cardboard makes up 7% of the at 3:1 trees, or via habitat planting waste stream and is recycled – in 2012-13, the University with both canopy and shrub separately to avoid contamination consumed 237.1 TJs of energy species. making it a ‘large energy user’ – energy cost is $9 million in 7.3.4 Water 2012/2013 – 212,300 kL grid based potable – Macquarie University has been usage in 2012 an early adopter of technologies – Sports Fields irrigation accounts such as district trigeneration, for approximately 30% of annual thermal energy towers, water consumption geothermal heat displacement, – limited onsite water harvesting solar hot water and solar energy currently implemented. There is as opportunity to increase this 7.3.3 Green house gas (GHG) – GHG emissions increased to 7.3.5 Biodiversity and 44,575 tonnes in 2013 continuing conservation an average yearly increase of 8% – the University contains around since 2009 (37,414 tonnes) 8.5 hectares of remnant native vegetation, some occurring within future development zones – native and planted areas are used as fauna habitats, particularly by larger water bird species – bushland restoration and new habitat connections (especially around water courses) are high current priorities for biodiversity on the campus – the University adopts a policy of offset-planting for trees lost to natural attrition or removal.
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– tree replenishment aims to – 7.3.6 Research and – Australian Environmental enhance biodiversity values using collaboration Futures: locally native species, maintain – Living laboratory projects: - Urban watercourse and or enhance amenity, and provide landscape management continuous tree canopy along - Vegetation Research site: signifi cant landscape corridors. fi ve-year, fi eld-based project Replacement of removed investigating early growth- landscape trees is at a 2:1 ratio. stage traits of planted – trees with identifi ed remnant Australian natives native habitat value, or with - Environmental Management : connections to the historic Water testing and fi eld survey heritage of the local area (e.g. of Mars Creek orchard remnants), are replaced – Foundation Ecology at a higher planting rate, typically - Ecological survey of on- at 3:1 trees, or via habitat planting campus ecology reserve and with both canopy and shrub fauna park remnant species. – One Planet Faculty case studies – personal mobility device trial
The University aims to reduce its ecological footprint to One Planet by 2030. As the Macquarie University campus grows to accommodate more students, as well as research and development partnerships, it is important that we also reduce our impact on the earth. The question that ecological footprinting asks is: “How many earths would it take to support us, if everyone lived like this?”
The overall biocapacity of the earth is measured in ‘global hectares’ and divided by the total world population for the year. Hence the total biological capacity is adjusted for the world population in order to ‘measure how much nature we have, how much we use, and who uses what or how close we are to the goal of sustainable living’ (Global Footprint Network, 2012). To the calculate the ecological footprint of the campus, life cycle assessment has been employed to take an annual snap shot of the University’s ecological footprint by measuring annual consumption of:
– Ecological value of the land (Biocapacity) – Materials – Operational energy – Operational water – Transport – Fit-outs and furniture – Operational expenditure and infrastructure
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7.4 NEXT PHASE 7.5 SUSTAINABILITY – $10 million in operational TARGETS energy savings in net present Work must be done to decouple value terms by 2030 (from 2009 Macquarie University’s campus 1. DESIGN baseline) growth with growth in emissions, – closed-loop waste cycle – 90% resource consumption and overall – a‘One Planet’ or better ecological waste diversion from landfi ll by environmental loads. footprint for the University 2020 campus by 2030 – reduce total water consumption The sustainable development – a net increase in quality and per equivalent full time person strategic plan will be developed via connectivity of on-campus (EFTP) by 40% of 2007 fi gures series of workshops throughout 2014 biodiversity assets, i.e. healthy and will include: bushland and waterways 3. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT – 5 Star or better Green Star – Sustainable Building Design ratings for commercial buildings – continue to embed spaces which Guidelines on campus encourage collaboration in – community and end-user – fl exibility of the built environment building design engagement strategy – physically and socially adaptable – promote industry sustainability – strategy for an integrated to changing needs leadership, and develop approach to water catchment partnerships with corporate and management, including the 2. OPERATIONAL IMPACTS community groups to enhance incorporation of rainwater – 4.5 Star NABERS energy sustainability outcomes. harvesting and recycling and water rating targets for – promote research opportunities – revised travel plan commercial buildings on campus and enhance formal and informal – sustainable procurement – minimum 40% reduction of learning and teaching outcomes guideline of materials for greenhouse gas emissions infrastructure intensity per square metre of – innovative programs geared gross fl oor area through on-site towards achieving the One Planet initiatives (from 2009 baseline) Eco-footprint goal.
The University will achieve this through the implementation of its One Planet and Green Building goals in design, and through a focus on reducing operational impacts, improving process, engagement and research. New facilities and refurbishments will foster new research opportunities, including research questions that centre on the OUR FUTURE ‘campus-as-subject’ – enhancing the function of the campus as a Living – 5 Star or better Green Star ratings for commercial buildings Laboratory. on campus – Minimum 4.5 Star NABERs energy and water rating targets for commercial buildings on campus – 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions intensity per square metre of gross fl oor area from 2009 – Reduce potable water consumption per EFTP by 40% of 2007 fi gures for new commercial buildings – 90% waste diversion from landfi ll by 2020.
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NEXT PHASE WHAT IT WILL LOOK LIKE DESIGN LEADING – New and refurbished buildings which ENERGY – Energy effi ciency targets implemented BUILDING demonstrate leadership in sustainability for academic and administrative DESIGN outcomes buildings – Sustainable design guidelines created – Effi ciency measures integrated into and implemented for all new build and building maintenance schedules refurbishment projects – Improve operational sustainability – New research and technologies monitoring and reporting coverage incorporated into the design and – Review of energy demand to identify operation of buildings where feasible local/precinct opportunities and in line with the University’s strategic – Leverage key partnerships with industry positioning to implement ‘hybrid-district’ energy ONE PLANET – Increased space effi ciency strategy ECO-FOOTPRINT – Preferential use of materials which WASTE – Closed loop waste cycles consider life cycle, embodied energy and – Landfi ll diversion potential for reuse BIODIVERSITY – Best-practice management for the – Shared and fl exible multi-functional AND campus’s biodiversity assets, with links to learning and teaching spaces CONSERVATION learning and teaching – Reduction of ecological footprint by – Strategic green space planning to achieving global hectare equivalent to maximise amenity One Planet targets for all refurbishments – Habitat fragments augmented through and tenancy fi touts bush regeneration and where possible connecting corridors OPERATIONAL IMPACT PROCESS INTEGRATED – For University Creek, Mars Creek and EMBEDDING – Design and operational performance Culloden Creek: WATER PERFORMANCE specifi cations included in project RESOURCE – Increased habitat fl ow briefs to ensure contractors deliver the – Catchment consideration in planning STANDARDS MANAGEMENT University’s sustainability performance – Water Sensitive Urban Design, including: standards – Increased monitoring and testing – Porous pavements SUSTAINABLE – Sustainability is being considered in all – Grassed and landscaped swales PROCUREMENT major projects and tenders – Filtration – Sustainability approval gateway – Reduction of potable water use through introduced to the tender review process rain water harvesting and recycling – University buying power leveraged to help – Consumption meters installed in drive industry take up of environmentally buildings and socially sound products – Exploration of opportunities for district ENGAGEMENT AND RESEARCH and/or distributed urban water solutions LIVING – Promote public, private sector and such as membrane bioreactors LABORATORY University student and staff engagement PUBLIC – Increased mode shift to public and active in the sustainable development of the AND ACTIVE transport campus TRANSPORT – New end of trip facilities and signage for – Specifi c collaborations: cyclists – Exploration of specifi c research – Cycle skills training workshops delivered questions through the University’s – Pilot bicycle fl eet on campus PACE initiative, and research projects. – New shared pedestrian and cycling – Continue development of the user path network for the campus, to collaboration between Macquarie ensure safe and continuous paths and Property and Department of to improve mobility across campus by Environment and Geography connecting east and west precincts to Macquarie University Station – Promotion of active transport modes on campus, for example, fi tness trail – Increased shuttle bus frequency
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7.6 UNIQUE ASPECTS AND In Australia, university building stock minimum energy performance CHALLENGES generally lags progress made in the specifi cations for new buildings and commercial offi ce sector in terms of refurbishments 7.6.1 Growing Energy building energy performance. Major property trusts have grown in size – reductions in peak energy Demands, Utility Costs while reducing net greenhouse gas demand through energy effi ciency and Greenhouse Gas emissions through reductions in upgrades Emissions energy intensity. – strategic asset management Macquarie University is one of the – distributed energy solutions top 200 energy users in the state Between 2009 and 2012, Australian Energy effi ciency will be the biggest of NSW, producing approximately Real Estate Investment trusts factor contributing to managing the 44 tonnes of greenhouse gases per (AREITs) signifi cantly increased University’s future energy price risk, year, principally from the use of grid their energy effi ciency performance, capital costs with grid connection and electricity. In FY13 the University with the typical AREIT portfolio reducing greenhouse gas emissions. used 237 TJ of energy from electricity now averaging a 4.5 Star NABERs A hybrid approach of energy and gas, with electricity costs energy rating.As a long-term asset effi ciency and precinct-distributed exceeding $10 million, continuing owner with self-tenanted buildings energy supply will be considered, the trend of annual growth in both within a large proportion of its as recommended by the Energy greenhouse emissions and energy building portfolio, the University has Strategy. Work such as upgrades and demand. Historically, campus growth clear incentives to invest in energy distributed energy initiatives will take has also meant increased energy and effi ciency. into account the University’s need for carbon impact. The Macquarie University energy continuity to support research The key role of Macquarie Sustainable Development Strategic and other activities, particularly in University’s Energy Strategy is to Plan (under development) will ensure eastern precincts where science decouple this relationship (Macquarie that growing energy loads on campus laboratories support experiments University Energy Strategy 2013). will be mitigated by: which rely on uninterrupted power The University’s building and supply. refurbishment program will present considerable opportunities to counter this trend.
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165 7. SUSTAINABILITY
7.6.2 Green Space Planning – – Mars and University Creeks – Epping Road frontage – small renewal of the ‘Campus in – each creek corridor will be clusters of original native trees a Park’ Concept managed according to a tailored presently line the University landscape/environmental plan. boundary across the Mars The development strategy within Small spines of tree landscaping Creek valley on Epping Road. this Master Plan features expansion running perpendicular to Mars Opportunities to supplement to the built environment across Creek form a part of its vegetation these trees within a landscaped academic, commercial and mixed network setback will be activated in the use precincts. The greater portion – the Culloden Road ridgeline – future re-development of this of new development involves ‘infi ll’ a forested setback of mature precinct and the re-aligned throughout the eastern and central planted trees currently exists internal road network precincts. along approximately half of the – a landscaped setback associated campus frontage along Culloden with any re-development (for The remainder of development is Road, providing one of the only example, high-rise) of the existing situated in the University’s greenfi eld native-landscaped ridgelines in student housing on Culloden spaces. Increasing density and the Macquarie Park area. It is Road. The landscaped zone development in the surrounding proposed to enhance this asset will provide a vegetated border local population will heighten the by replicating the current setback linking with with the neighbouring relative importance of the signifi cant plantings along the majority of Council bushland reserves, and biodiversity areas and green spaces this street frontage also enhance the landscaping on campus. – the natural bushland area of the campus perimeter on It is recognised that strategies for between the Mars Creek Culloden Road building layouts and landscaping are lake and the M2 motorway required to preserve the inherited embankments on Talavera Road parkland setting of Macquarie – a management plan is to be University through to 2030 and prepared covering this bushland beyond. This is relevant both for remnant and any planted infi ll and greenfi eld precincts of the extension areas intended as campus. Infi ll development means vegetation offset sites building occurring on previously developed land, while greenfi eld development means building occurring on previously un-developed land.
As a complement to several new public spaces proposed throughout the academic core (infi ll), the priorities and strategies below apply predominantly to greenfi eld development zones.
The following priority areas are identifi ed as the key landscape ‘anchors’ which are of highest importance to maintaining the parkland aesthetic of the main University grounds, and providing a green visual buffer to new development:
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7.6.3 Transport and Building on the University Travel Plan Connectivity 2012-2017, an updated travel action plan will be produced as part of the Sustainable transport will be a Sustainable Development Strategic critical factor in determining the Plan. It will incorporate actions to future success of the University as increase sustainable transport mode a vibrant centre of education and share, overlay a continuous network commerce. Macquarie University is a of safe bicycle and pedestrian major travel destination is currently pathways through campus, provide attracting approximately 30,000 staff enhanced end-of-trip facilities and students from across the Sydney for cyclists, investigate ways to metropolitan region. Negative costs increase shared transport modes associated with travel can reduce the such as carpooling and a bike-share competitiveness of the University. scheme, and investigate public or Addressing congestion, travel time active transport options to displace and increasing public transport mode car use for short trips to and from share will enhance the University’s surrounding campus amenities. ability to attract students and staff, Active liaison with the Macquarie increase social inclusion and relieve Park Transport Management pressure on University infrastructure, Association will also be maintained in including the costs of supplying an effort to coordinate implementing parking. initiatives.
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