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In Iiyiyiuyimuwin (Eastern James Bay Cree)

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"Land Talk" in Iiyiyiuyimuwin (Eastern James Bay Cree) by Mimie Neacappo A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics and Discourse Studies Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2012 Mimie Neacappo Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du 1+1 Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-93621-4 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-93621-4 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne sur la Privacy Act some supporting forms protection de la vie privee, quelques may have been removed from this formulaires secondaires ont ete enleves de thesis. cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans in the document page count, their la pagination, il n'y aura aucun contenu removal does not represent any loss manquant. of content from the thesis. Canada A b stract This thesis presents a linguistic investigation into how liyiyiuch of liyiyiu Aschii (Eastern James Bay Crees) talk about their local land environment. Through morpho-semantic and discourse analysis, it seeks to unearth how the geography is represented in the liyiyiu lexicon and discourse. Specific consideration is extended to how liyiyiuch primarily orient themselves in land navigation, and how linguistic spatial location description is used to situate reference points. The argument is made that liyiyiuyimuwin encodes for three linguistic frames of reference with strong preference for an “absolute” orientation system. Preliminary testing of liyiyiuyimuwin compatibility with Innu-aimun leads to evidence that the liyiyiu way of semantically organizing the geography is reflected in the morphology. The intention of this thesis is to contribute to the documentation and preservation of liyiyiuyimuwin, with the implication that current and future generations may continue to know how the language has inherently guided liyiyiuch in the liyiyiu way of life. iii _ d " c a pV" a -n ^ r^ o - A r n o - ' L A 1' >V frV A Po-^0 iv Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible if it was not for the immense generosity and strong support I received throughout this research journey. To thank any one person or organization more than any other is just not doable since I believe that the nexus of people and organizations that have helped and encouraged me in my journey are all of such importance and of great influence. This thesis would not have been possible if it was not in part for the following: Thank you to the Cree School Board Post Secondary Student Services for their financial sponsorship, and academic and resource support throughout my academic endeavors over the years. An immense fV sdrna.-<i0 to East Cree language project (eastcree.org) for allowing me the opportunity to be part of the team, and for lending me its project resources for the purpose of completing this thesis. This deep appreciation extends to the Cree Programs department of the Cree School Board where a great amount of inspiration and encouragement comes from. r v sd‘rnd--<° f <° AVAnJ“',nLd A J |\J A'H I now would like to acknowledge the individuals that have played a crucial part in this academic venture: An enormous thank you to my thesis supervisor Professor Marie-Odile Junker for her tireless support, enormous generosity, constant encouragement and precise guidance throughout this venture that made this thesis all the while possible. I have her to thank for my “discovery” of language work. It was through her contagious passion and never-ending dedication for language documentation and resource development that I have chosen to do a thesis on my very own language of liyiyiuyimuwin. I am grateful beyond words for all the hard work you have ever done, and continue to do for liyiyiuyimuwin and its people, r^h" P<rsdTrr P L>1- b <P A n/'* I n iv<r,,<iL,t i> iY o-"A p% Furthermore, thank you to my proofreaders Claire Owen, Patricia Reynolds and Jen Gilbert who are inspirations in their own rights: r^h" Po-W D0- Claire for your very valuable insight and comments, for being such an amazing friend and role model, and of course for the much needed encouragement and postive energy. Chiniskuumitin Patricia, for lending me your ear during the stages of writing, and for being ready to offer all kinds of insight and support in both academics and in life. Thank you Jen Gilbert for your generosity, inspiration and encouragement. Thank you to my friends in Dunton Tower who have ever shared the eastcree.org project office throughout my thesis writing stages: thank you Delasie Torkornoo from eastcree.org project for your impeccable technical support, and for your very lively discussions on all matters of life. Thank you Gabrielle Lacroix for your technical help, support, and in sharing your knowledgability in formatting. And thank you Paula Chinkiwsky for your media expertise. An endless thank you to all of you for sharing laughs, frustrations (of the varying kind), stimulating thoughts and insightful conversations, but mostly, thank you for sharing yourselves in friendship. Thank you to Yvette Mollen and Helene St-Onge of InstitutTshakapesh for making themselves available in informal consultations, and especially for the much needed encouragement and friendly reminders that I needed to finish my M.A. no vi matter what! Merci Yvette et Helene pour votre support et encouragement pendant vos visites regulieres de Sept-Tles. Chimishtiniskuumitinaawaau! Furthermore, it goes without saying that if it were not for my life supports, the journey of writing a thesis on my own language of liyiyiuyimuwin would have not even be a thought: po-sdTn6L.-<° rv'A, •<dr1' b r^'ru A 1* ArVt>MAa-po, A ^ ° A"bo-^° pv" AiV° nsbi^nJAcr^0x Thank you to my dear Elders, relatives and friends that have helped shape me into who I have become, and who have instilled in me a deep sense of pride in what I do. Your encouragements and praise have kept that miichiwaahp fire burning so that I may continue in developing my passion for working with our liyiyiuyimuwin, and further carry its beauty into the next generations. Nuuhtaawii et maman, thank for doing what comes naturally: being loving and devoted parents and a constant source of encouragement. Merci maman for sharing and understanding my passions in life and academia, for your endless encouragement from a thousand miles away, and for serving as a sounding board over the course of this journey. Je te remercie infiniment! r-h" rv sdrn°- J>"c for making this project possible through your love and generosity, first of all for agreeing to embark on this road with me as my personal consultant and greatest and most valuable resource on liyiyiuyimuwin, and for sharing your inherent and immeasurable liyiyiu knowledge that will now be documented for the next generations to come. vii Also, I thank my loving sister Liette for always believing in me, and for showing me such strong support over the years. Thank you for always being by my side. Thank you to my two little girls who are my life and who are the underlying purpose of what I do, and who can always be counted on for those energizing hugs at the end of a long day. And to my older children, who were a tremendous support by taking care of their little sisters when most needed, and who most of all taught me patience and the meaning of perseverance. In the ups and downs of acedmic life, and life itself, I thank my partner in life for his extreme patience during this venture, for his unending support, and his utmost respect and endless encouragement in both my academic and life ambitions. Thank you Ray for everything that you do for our children, and above all, thank you for being my rock, and for walking with me in this life. viii Table of Contents Abstract............................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ..........................................................................................................iv Table of Contents ............................................................................................................viii List of Tables......................................................................................................................
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