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Statistics of South Carolina

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Statistics of South Carolina 1' - e Skt&tiniitn OS SOUTH C AROLINA, tN C LOT) INC A V IEW OP 1 T8 NATURAL, C IVIL, AND MILITARY HISTORY, GENERALND A PARTICULAR. BY R OBERT MILLS, OF S OOTH CAROLINA, P. A. ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT. I l ove thee, next to Heaven above, Landf o my fathers '. — Thee I love ; And, r ail thy slanderers as they will, With a ll thy faults, I love thee still !— Montgomery. OHARXiESTOK, 8 . O. PUBLISHED B Y HURLBUT AND LLOYD, 1826. CONTENTS. Page. Natural H ibtort, Geology a nd Mineralogy, 27 Botany, ( Indigenous,) 66 - ( Exotic,) 93 Animals, 100 Birds, - ib. Serpents, e * * * 102 Insects, . ..» ib. Fiih, ' . 103 Aborigines o f the Country, 104 Physical F eatures, 130 Gliuiate — H ealth — Diseases, 133 Soil — P roductions, - « 149 Rivers a nd Canals, • 156 ^Commerce, - - 160 Civil D istort, 171 First S ettlement, - - - ib. Population, 173 Situation, B oundaries, and Extent, 171 Government, - • - • 178 Constitution o f the United States, Appendix. B. Constitution o f South Carolina, ib. L#istf o Governors, - • 191 Political D ivisions, ... 19t Judiciary,.. 195 Revenue — R esources, - - * 203 Tablef o Expenditures iu ten years, 207 Debt o f the State, ... 208 Taxes, - - - - ib. Statistical T able, % • i , . 2 11 Bank o f the State — College — Lunatic Asylum, 213 Public B uildings, - - • - i b. Internal I mprovement, ib. Fiscal D epartment, - - - ib. Princii>nl O fficers of the Government, 216 Penal C ode, -- - 1 97 Ecclesiastical H istory, 210 Military H istory, - • - 2 19 Militia S ystem, ... 392. Miscellaneous,.. • 2 94 BttTRICT S TATISTICS. Abbeville* - ---- 348 Barnwell, - ----- 3511 Beaufort, - ---- 365 Charleston, - ----- 385 The C itt, Municipal R egulations, ... - 395 Population, - ---- 396 Commerce, - i b. Harbor, - - - - - 3 9» Public B uildings, .... 404 Benevolent A ssociations, - 428 Medical a nd other Societies, - 436 College, A cademies, and F ree-schools, - - 4 37 Public J ournals, - - • 439 Markets, - - 4 24 Sullivan's I sland, • ... 425 Steam-boats a nd Mills, - 4 28 Miscellaneous, - 440 Page. Pag: Chester, 4H9 . Lexington, . - 611 Chesterfield, . 4 96 Marion, - • Colleton, - « 502 Marlborough, - 6 29 Darlington, - 5 12 Piewberry, Edgefield, 519 Orangeburg, 656 Fairfield, - 5 36 Pendleton, - 6 71 Georgetown, -. 556 Richland, 692 Greenville, - 5 71 Spartanburg, - 7 24 Horry, - • 579 Sumter, - « 7J9 Kershaw, • - 5 85 Union, - • 754 Lancaster, 595 Williamsburg, - 7 65 Laurens, - 604 York, 771 , • E ach district is examined under the following 1 iends : — History of the set tlement, origin of its name, situation, boundaries, soil, adaptation to particular products, townS, villages, water-course*, ^ navigable or otherwise, } roads, bridg* cs and ferries, value ot land, price of grain, of labor, expense, ot living, value of produce, market, timber trees, fruit irei. 9. climate, diseases, instances of longevity, population, commerce, maim lectures, "(domestic and othet,) uxes, representation, number of poor, expenses, deaf and dumb, blind ami lunatie persons, education, (public and free schools,) religious sects, eminent men, names of places, (Indian or other, worth notice,) rocks, -jxanite, freestone, ,oapsione, limestone, minerals and metals, agricultural and other societies, li braries, state of learning and the aits, fish, game, birds, (r.iigratoi'y or other wise,) cattle, sheep, kc., waste lands, swamp, quantity reclaimed, remarkable good oibad seasons, e.i -tarns, amusements, wnat improvements seem to be wauiing miscellaneous. DISTRICTP O SOrTH CAROLINA, 10 WIT: BET I REMEMBERED, That on the twenty-eighth day of November, in t he fifty -first year of tlie Independence of the United States of * * A merica, Anno Domini 18.26, UUBKKT MILLS, or the said Dis- X I*. S ' X t rier, hath deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit : " S tatistics of South Carolina, including a view of its Natural, Civil, and Mili tary History, general and particular. By ltobert Mills, of South Carolina, P. A. Engineer and Architect. " I l ove thee, next to Heaven above, Land of my fathers — Thee I love ; And, rail thy slanderers, as they will, With all thy faults, 1 love thee still !— MoirreoMERT. " In c onformity to an act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, " An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the time there in mentioned." And also to the act, entitled, " An act supplementary to an net, entitled, An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, dur ing the times therein mentioned, and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, etching, and engraving historical prints." JAMES J ERVEY, Clerk of the District Court ef South Carolina. .D. A BOKRKNSTEUI, PRINTER, Princeton, A ". /, IS R ESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, BYHE T AUTHOR. PREFACE. Three y ears have nearly elapsed since the author of this work had the honor of addressing a circular to all those gentlemen in this state, who had either leisure or inclination to answer the various queries proposed, which had refer ence to the natural, geographical, political, agri cultural, and literary history of their section of the country. During this period, the author has received from several of these gentlemen, much valuable information relative to these subjects. He is also indebted for some interesting statisti cal matter to " Ramsay's History of South Caro lina," "Dalcho's Church History," and " Draytoh*s South Carolina." Much l abour, has been bestowed in prepa ring this work ; in order that it might serve as an appendix to the author's " Atlas of the State." A correct idea of the several sections of the state, could not be formed without it. The numerous professional avocations of ihe author, must be offered as an apo logy, for whatever deficiencies may here be found. To advance the interests and honor of his native state, has been with him always paramount. The n ature of this work allows only a con densed view to be taken of the various subjects which it contains, namely : The natural history of vi the c ountry; Us first settlement, progress' in popular tion, wealth, and political, aggrandisement ; the re volutions which established its independence; its government, resources, military operations, frc Every particular connected with these subjects, will be sought after with avidity, by the rising generations, anil be increased in interest, as the state advances to maturity. A g lorious destiny awaits South Carolina, when she shall have consummated her system of Internal Improvement — when her numerous deltas shall be reclaimed ; those rich and inexhaustible tracts that border her rivers, the cultivation of one of which, would exceed, in the value of its products, the agri cultural wealth of a whole state. Even u nder the present limited culture of the soil, South Carolina stands at the head of the Union in respect to the value of her products. How im mense therefore would be her physical powers, were the best portions of her territory brought into suc cessful cultivation, now lying in a state of nature, where vegetation riots in primitive luxuriance !* The a uthor, before closing, would tender to those gentlemen who have so kindly given their at,* ..I . • ■ ■' . r ... •n A intellisrent traveller through this state, makes the/following* remarks: "South Carolina is highly respectable, and important ; its resources are immense; its surface and soil exceedingly various, as well as its produce. Its low lands, its middle region, and its mountain tracts, seem so many different countries. There are to be found Switztrlands and Hindoostans, and here also an intermediate region. Too much cannot be done by its citizens, to improve its natural re sources. * tii tentiono t the different requisitions they were trou bled with, his best acknowledgements, for the very polite manner with which they have personally ad dressed themselves to him on this occasion. The zeal manifested by them in this undertaking, does them great credit, and they have the satisfaction to reflect that they have contributed to a work, which when perfected, will constitute the best basis for the statesman and philosopher to rest his claims to public attention upon, and the surest foundation up on which political speculation can be founded. All a re interested in this work, whether citizens of our own, or of other states and countries ; espe cially such whose circumstances, political or per sonal, should induce to emigrate. No country on the habitable* glohe, offers the same advantages to the cultivator of the soil, with South Carolina ; and when it is proved to possess equal health with any part of the Union ; superior prospects to reward the toil of industry ; a grvernment liberal, free and independent, having a single eye to the weal of the country ; and a people hospitable, generous, and liberal in their views ; — when all these advantages are known to be possessed by this state, no one can doubt the result — that South Carolina must increase rapidly in population, wealth, and political power. OB SOUTH C AROLINA. NATURAL H ISTORY. There w as a period, when all this country was covered by the sea ; — when even the tops of the highest mountains were buried beneath the waters of the ocean. Evidences o f this fact are so numerous, that no one ac quainted with natural history and geology, now questions it.* The mountains of the Pyrenees are found, covered in the highest parts with calcarious rocks, containing im pressions of marine animals ; and even where the im pressions are not visible in the lime stone, it yields a fetid cadaverous odour, when dissolved in acids, owing in all probability to the animal matters it contains.
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