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Report of RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 to the Western Subtropical and Tropical North Atlantic 10 April to 30 April, 2006

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Report of RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 to the Western Subtropical and Tropical North Atlantic 10 April to 30 April, 2006 Report of RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 to the Western Subtropical and Tropical North Atlantic 10 April to 30 April, 2006 This report was prepared by Peter Wiebe, Larry Madin, Francesc Pagès, Dhugal Lindsay, Hege Øverbø Hansen, Saramma Panampunnayil, Martin Angel, Hiroyuki Matsuura, Mikiko Kuriyama, Astrid Cornils, Russ Hopcroft, Colomban de Vargas, Silvia Watanabe, Yurika Ujiie, Hui Liu, Barbara Costas, Tracey Sutton, C. B. Lalithambika Devi, Rob Jennings, Paola Batta Lona, Brian Ortman, Ebru Unal, Leo Blanco Bercial, Nancy Copley, Chaolun Li, Joe Catron, and Dicky Allison. A Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ) Report Available online from the CMarZ website, www.cmarz.org Acknowledgments This was the first major CMarZ cruise in the Western North Atlantic. The success of the cruise was due to the collective efforts of Captain, Officers, Crew, and all members of the Scientific Party. Throughout the cruise there was a camaraderie and friendliness among all the participants that made this expedition a great pleasure. This cruise was supported by the NOAA Ocean Exploration Program. RB06-03 CMarZ Cruise Participants on the RV R.H. Brown (see facing page) Sitting Row 1 (L-R):Chaolun Li, Saramma Panampunnayil, Silvia Watanabe, Hui Liu, Francesc Pagès, Paola Batta Lona, Tracey Sutton, Martin Angel, Dicky Allison. Standing Row 1 (L-R): Mikiko Kuriyama, Lalithambika Devi, Brian Ortman, Russ Hopcroft, Nancy Copley, Ebru Unal, Joe Catron. Standing Row 2 (L-R): Yurika Ujiie, Leo Blanco Bercial, Hiroyuki Matsuura, Larry Madin, Barbara Costas, Hege Øverbø Hansen. Back Row 3: Colomban de Vargas, Astrid Cornils, Erich Horgan, Dhugal Lindsay, Rob Jennings, Peter Wiebe. RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 Report Page 3 April 2006 RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 Report Page 4 April 2006 RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 Report Page 5 April 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE OF THE CRUISE ..........................................................................................................6 NARRATIVE ..................................................................................................................................7 Summary ............................................................................................................................26 MOCNESS and OTHER SAMPLING, and SAMPLE PROTOCOLS .........................................27 1.0 Zooplankton Collections .............................................................................................27 2.0 Blue-water SCUBA diving for gelatinous zooplankton. ............................................29 3.0 Water Collection. ........................................................................................................30 4.0 Sampling on Station. ...................................................................................................30 5.0 Sample Processing Protocol. .......................................................................................30 WATER COLUMN STRUCTURE AT THE STATIONS ...........................................................33 INDIVIDUAL PROJECT REPORTS ...........................................................................................34 1.0 Blue-water Diving ........................................................................................................34 2.0 Thaliacea ......................................................................................................................34 3.0 Planktonic cnidarians ...................................................................................................36 4.0 Ctenophores, Amphipods, and Cephalopods ...............................................................37 5.0 Decapod Shrimp...........................................................................................................38 6.0 Mysids ..........................................................................................................................41 7.0 Euphausiids ..................................................................................................................42 8.0 Ostracoda .....................................................................................................................42 9.0 Calanoid copepods in the genus Euaugaptilus and the family Scolecitrichidae .........45 10.0 Calanoid copepods primarily Aetideidae and Heterorhabdidae ................................47 11.0 Other Copepods Identified on RHB06-03. ................................................................49 12.0 Larvaceans and Planktonic Molluscs .........................................................................50 13.0 Skeletonized Microplankton .....................................................................................51 14.0 Microzooplankton – Tintinnids.................................................................................58 14.1 Cruise Objectives ...........................................................................................58 14.2 Sampling ........................................................................................................58 14.3 Discussion/Preliminary Observations ............................................................65 15.0 Pelagic fishes .............................................................................................................67 15.1 Methods..........................................................................................................67 15.2 Results ............................................................................................................67 16.0 Larval Fish .................................................................................................................69 17.0 Team DNA Sequencing .............................................................................................70 18.0 Silhouette photography, CMarz web site ...................................................................73 18.1 Silhouette Photography ..................................................................................73 18.2 CMarZ Web site ............................................................................................73 19.0 Training on Zooplankton Sampling and Molecular Analysis ....................................76 20.0 ARMADA Teacher at Sea Project .............................................................................76 20.1 Objectives ......................................................................................................76 RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 Report Page 6 April 2006 20.2 Outcomes .......................................................................................................77 20.3 Acknowledgments..........................................................................................78 CRUISE PARTICIPANTS ............................................................................................................78 APPENDIX 1. Event Log. .............................................................................................................81 APPENDIX 2. Summary of Blue Water Dive Collections...........................................................85 APPENDIX 3. List of DNA extractions from foraminifera. ........................................................87 APPENDIX 4. Colonial radiolarians collected by diving .........................................................148 APPENDIX 5. Tintinnid images and designations followed by preliminary ID ........................149 APPENDIX 6. MOCNESS Deployment Log .............................................................................153 APPENDIX 7. Pelagic Fish. .......................................................................................................161 RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 Report Page 7 April 2006 PURPOSE OF THE CRUISE The focus of the CMarZ program is on the development of a taxonomically comprehensive assessment of biodiversity of animal plankton throughout the world ocean. The project goal is to produce accurate and complete information on zooplankton species diversity, biomass, biogeographical distribution, genetic diversity, and community structure by 2010. Our taxonomic focus is the animals that drift with ocean currents throughout their lives (i.e., the holozooplankton). This assemblage currently includes ~6,800 described species in fifteen phyla; our expectation is that at least that many new species will be discovered as a result of our efforts. The Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ) program is an ocean realm field project of the Census of Marine Life (CoML). On this cruise, the focus was the tropical/subtropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean west of the mid-Atlantic ridge. The objective was to collect and identify the zooplankton distributed throughout the entire water column, with a particular focus on the under-sampled mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssopelagic zones, and then to sequence them genetically at sea. Thus, the scientific participants on this cruise include CMarZ researchers, expert taxonomists, molecular specialists, staff, and students. Sampling was conducted along a transect extending from the northern Sargasso Sea to the equatorial waters northeast of Brazil (Figure 1). At five primary stations, environmental data and zooplankton samples were collected using three Figure 1. Trackline and station positions on CMarZ Cruise Multiple Opening/Closing RB06-03, 10 to 30 April 2006. The cruise started in Nets and Environmental Charleston, SC and ended in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Sensing Systems (MOCNESS).
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