Scan Film: Combining the Best of Analog and Digital Imaging
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The Positive and Negative Effects of Photography on Wildlife
Gardner-Webb University Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University Undergraduate Honors Theses Honors Program 2020 The Positive and Negative Effects of Photography on Wildlife Joy Smith Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/undergrad-honors Part of the Photography Commons The Positive and Negative Effects of Photography on Wildlife An Honors Thesis Presented to The University Honors Program Gardner-Webb University 10 April 2020 by Joy Smith Accepted by the Honors Faculty _______________________________ ________________________________________ Dr. Robert Carey, Thesis Advisor Dr. Tom Jones, Associate Dean, Univ. Honors _______________________________ _______________________________________ Prof. Frank Newton, Honors Committee Dr. Christopher Nelson, Honors Committee _______________________________ _______________________________________ Dr. Bob Bass, Honors Committee Dr. Shea Stuart, Honors Committee I. Overview of Wildlife Photography The purpose of this thesis is to research the positive and negative effects photography has on animals. This includes how photographers have helped to raise awareness about endangered species, as well as how people have hurt animals by getting them too used to cameras and encroaching on their space to take photos. Photographers themselves have been a tremendous help towards the fight to protect animals. Many of them have made it their life's mission to capture photos of elusive animals who are on the verge of extinction. These people know how to properly interact with an animal; they leave them alone and stay as hidden as possible while photographing them so as to not cause the animals any distress. However, tourists, amateur photographers, and a small number of professional photographers can be extremely harmful to animals. When photographing animals, their habitats can become disturbed, they can become very frightened and put in harm's way, and can even hurt or kill photographers who make them feel threatened. -
Cyanotype Detailed Instructions
Cyanotype Detailed Instructions Cyanotype Formula, Mixing and Exposing Instructions 1. Dissolve 40 g (approximately 2 tablespoons) Potassium Ferricyanide in 400 ml (1.7 cups) water to create STOCK SOLUTION A. Allow 24 hours for the powder to fully dissolve. 2. Dissolve 100 g (approximately .5 cup) Ferric Ammonium Citrate in 400 ml (1.7 cups) water to create if you have Chemistry Open Stock START HERE STOCK SOLUTION B. Allow 24 hours for the powder to fully dissolve. If using the Cyanotype Sensitizer Set, simply fill each bottle with water, shake and allow 24 hours for the powders to dissolve. 3. In subdued lighting, mix equal parts SOLUTION A and SOLUTION B to create the cyanotype sensitizer. Mix only the amount you immediately need, as the sensitizer is stable just 2-4 hours. if you have the Sensitizer Set START HERE 4. Coat paper or fabric with the sensitizer and allow to air dry in the dark. Paper may be double-coated for denser prints. Fabric may be coated or dipped in the sensitizer. Jacquard’s Cyanotype Fabric Sheets and Mural Fabrics are pre-treated with the sensitizer (as above) and come ready to expose. 5. Make exposures in sunlight (1-30 minutes, depending on conditions) or under a UV light source, placing ob- jects or a film negative on the coated surface to create an image. (Note: Over-exposure is almost always preferred to under-exposure.) The fabric will look bronze in color once fully exposed. 6. Process prints in a tray or bucket of cool water. Wash for at least 5 minutes, changing the water periodically, if you have until the water runs clear. -
Ground-Based Photographic Monitoring
United States Department of Agriculture Ground-Based Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Photographic General Technical Report PNW-GTR-503 Monitoring May 2001 Frederick C. Hall Author Frederick C. Hall is senior plant ecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Natural Resources, P.O. Box 3623, Portland, Oregon 97208-3623. Paper prepared in cooperation with the Pacific Northwest Region. Abstract Hall, Frederick C. 2001 Ground-based photographic monitoring. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-503. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 340 p. Land management professionals (foresters, wildlife biologists, range managers, and land managers such as ranchers and forest land owners) often have need to evaluate their management activities. Photographic monitoring is a fast, simple, and effective way to determine if changes made to an area have been successful. Ground-based photo monitoring means using photographs taken at a specific site to monitor conditions or change. It may be divided into two systems: (1) comparison photos, whereby a photograph is used to compare a known condition with field conditions to estimate some parameter of the field condition; and (2) repeat photo- graphs, whereby several pictures are taken of the same tract of ground over time to detect change. Comparison systems deal with fuel loading, herbage utilization, and public reaction to scenery. Repeat photography is discussed in relation to land- scape, remote, and site-specific systems. Critical attributes of repeat photography are (1) maps to find the sampling location and of the photo monitoring layout; (2) documentation of the monitoring system to include purpose, camera and film, w e a t h e r, season, sampling technique, and equipment; and (3) precise replication of photographs. -
Photographic Films
PHOTOGRAPHIC FILMS A camera has been called a “magic box.” Why? Because the box captures an image that can be made permanent. Photographic films capture the image formed by light reflecting from the surface being photographed. This instruction sheet describes the nature of photographic films, especially those used in the graphic communications industries. THE STRUCTURE OF FILM Protective Coating Emulsion Base Anti-Halation Backing Photographic films are composed of several layers. These layers include the base, the emulsion, the anti-halation backing and the protective coating. THE BASE The base, the thickest of the layers, supports the other layers. Originally, the base was made of glass. However, today the base can be made from any number of materials ranging from paper to aluminum. Photographers primarily use films with either a plastic (polyester) or paper base. Plastic-based films are commonly called “films” while paper-based films are called “photographic papers.” Polyester is a particularly suitable base for film because it is dimensionally stable. Dimensionally stable materials do not appreciably change size when the temperature or moisture- level of the film change. Films are subjected to heated liquids during processing (developing) and to heat during use in graphic processes. Therefore, dimensional stability is very important for graphic communications photographers because their final images must always match the given size. Conversely, paper is not dimen- sionally stable and is only appropriate as a film base when the “photographic print” is the final product (as contrasted to an intermediate step in a multi-step process). THE EMULSION The emulsion is the true “heart” of film. -
Media Release
MEDIA RELEASE DOUG FOGELSON ANTHEM EXHIBIT DATES: September 5–October 11 OPENING RECEPTION: September 5, 6:00–8:00 p.m. KLOMPCHING GALLERY is pleased to announce Anthem, premiering new photographic artwork by Doug Fogelson, in the artist’s first solo exhibition with the gallery. The exhibition will open with a reception on Thursday, September 5, 6:00–8:00pm, with Doug Fogelson in attendance. Anthem is the most recent installment of Fogelson’s extensive Chemical Alterations series, in which the artist perceptively combines the subject of nature, with the (de)construction of the photograph, to comment upon the human impact on the environment. Fogelson’s methodology begins with photographing biologically diverse landscapes using analog film. Back in the studio, the artist subjects the processed film to a range of common industrial chemicals—draining away and altering colors in the film’s emulsion, and at times melting away the layers of dye coupler all the way to the film’s plastic base. Through this destruction salt crystals, bubbles, dust, markings and patterns come to the foreground, while the original representational Doug Fogelson, Anthem No. 13, 2019, archival pigment print. portions of the photograph all but disappear. The eight photographs in the exhibition—lush in color—are at once beautifully rendered abstractions, and also for the artist Lucerne, Switzerland. His work is currently part of the official are a reflection of “the altering effects that human activity has Bauhaus100 touring exhibition, Bauhaus and Photography–On on our planet.” The work offers up the opportunity for viewers New Visions in Contemporary Art. -
Making the Transition from Film to Digital
TECHNICAL PAPER Making the Transition from Film to Digital TABLE OF CONTENTS Photography became a reality in the 1840s. During this time, images were recorded on 2 Making the transition film that used particles of silver salts embedded in a physical substrate, such as acetate 2 The difference between grain or gelatin. The grains of silver turned dark when exposed to light, and then a chemical and pixels fixer made that change more or less permanent. Cameras remained pretty much the 3 Exposure considerations same over the years with features such as a lens, a light-tight chamber to hold the film, 3 This won’t hurt a bit and an aperture and shutter mechanism to control exposure. 3 High-bit images But the early 1990s brought a dramatic change with the advent of digital technology. 4 Why would you want to use a Instead of using grains of silver embedded in gelatin, digital photography uses silicon to high-bit image? record images as numbers. Computers process the images, rather than optical enlargers 5 About raw files and tanks of often toxic chemicals. Chemically-developed wet printing processes have 5 Saving a raw file given way to prints made with inkjet printers, which squirt microscopic droplets of ink onto paper to create photographs. 5 Saving a JPEG file 6 Pros and cons 6 Reasons to shoot JPEG 6 Reasons to shoot raw 8 Raw converters 9 Reading histograms 10 About color balance 11 Noise reduction 11 Sharpening 11 It’s in the cards 12 A matter of black and white 12 Conclusion Snafellnesjokull Glacier Remnant. -
REDISCOVER the WORLD of ANALOG PHOTOGRAPHY Rollei Cinestill Revolog Cinestill Rollei
CHOICES We carry the world’S LARGEST SELECTION of black & white and color film in almost every format that you can imagine! Take a sneak peek at some cool choices inside or check out our huge selection online. Check it out! www.FreestylePhoto.Biz Rollei CineStill Revolog PRSRT STD U.S. POSTAGE PAID PHOTO & IMAGING SUPPLIES FREESTYLE 5124 Sunset Boulevard Hollywood, CA 90027 800.292.6137 FreestylePhoto.Biz REDISCOVER THE WORLD OF WORLD THE REDISCOVER ANALOG PHOTOGRAPHY ANALOG NEW AGAIN! NEW 800.292.6137 PHOTO & IMAGING & PHOTO | FreestylePhoto.Biz SUPPLIES © Trevor Masid Trevor © What a unique time period to be a photographer ! Everyone is taking pictures. We document every event, and even non-events, T? in an instant. Our cell phones have more photographs taken with them than WHA calls made. The amount of photography produced is the greatest it has ever … From a Paintcan been in any time period. Social media has opened up an entire new world with LegacyPro Paintcan and a whole new generation of photographers. Pinhole Camera (page 7) THE JOURNEY IS ANALOG! So, what are we doing producing an Analog Catalog? … With a box with Ars Imago Lab Box (page 22) Thanks to all of the above, the interest in photography has increased as a whole. So why not go back to our roots! Living in this online world has not only created a new generation interested in experimentation, but also a renewed passion for the arts in its many facets…old and new! This has led to a boom in new and one-of-a-kind film stocks, a resurgence in all formats, and a desire for alternative processes and hand-made images. -
Alternative Process Photography: Beyond Digital and Film Laura Michaud University of Rhode Island, Laura [email protected]
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Senior Honors Projects Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island 2017 Alternative Process Photography: Beyond Digital and Film Laura Michaud University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog Part of the Art and Design Commons, Chemistry Commons, Fine Arts Commons, History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Nonfiction Commons, and the Photography Commons Recommended Citation Michaud, Laura, "Alternative Process Photography: Beyond Digital and Film" (2017). Senior Honors Projects. Paper 545. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/545http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/545 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Laura Michaud THE ALT PROCESS COOKBOOK A simplified way to making beautiful non-traditional photographic prints. THE ALT PROCESS COOKBOOK Laura Michaud Special Thanks to: Zoey Stites Ron Onorato Annu Matthew Jill Enfield Laurie Sherman Steve Michaud Brian Podgurski Casey Miller Alex Murdock Porter Dolan Kim Manjuck Corey Favino Heidi Allen Anna Sherman Thank you all so much for all your help and support. Table of Contents 1. A Brief Overview of Photography…………………………….………..1 2. Making The Negative…………………………………...……....….…..5 -
Introduction to Collection Surveys and Condition Reports
Fundamentals of the Conservation of Photographs SESSION: Introduction to Collection-Level Surveys and Condition Reporting INSTRUCTOR: Monique Fischer, Tram Vo SESSION OUTLINE ABSTRACT This part of the course will provide systematic approaches to writing condition reports for photographs and performing collection-level surveys. This section of the course will provide students with the information needed to perform the small scale survey during the distance mentoring phase. LEARNING OBJECTIVES As a result of this session, participants should be able to: Understand photographic materials, processes, and deterioration characteristics in order to write a proper condition report. Know how to implement a systematic preservation program and understand issues such as environmental control, disaster preparedness, storage and handling, potential hazards, reformatting and conservation treatment. Understand that performing a survey is the best way for a collection to survive. CONTENT OUTLINE Introduction with PPT presentations: “Condition Reporting of Photographs” and “Surveying Photograph Collection” Examples of different condition report forms, including electronic formats, will be examined and discussed. Samples will be provided to participants. Provide students with a basic outline of a survey report and discuss. Pros and cons of the condition report and survey form hand -outs will be discussed. “Hands-on” exercise: provide each student with an unknown photograph and have them write a complete condition report using a form that has been made available. Students will present reports in class. During the distance mentoring phase students will conduct a survey of their family photographs. The introduction given during the summer school will provide the information students need for this activity. www.getty.edu/conservation SESSION OUTLINE CONT’D. -
Make Cyanotype Prints
Make Cyanotype Prints Cyanotype prints are photographs characterized by their easily recognized blue tones. The process offers a way to make pictures with minimal equipment and chemistry. Make your own cyanotype prints at home with this guide from Paper Conservator Tatiana Cole. With adult supervision, artists as young as 6 can make their own prints. A BIT OF HISTORY Sir John Frederick William Herschel (British, 1792-1871) introduced the cyanotype photographic process approximately three years after William Henry Fox Talbot announced his discovery of photography on paper. The cyanotype process was primarily used from the 1880s Harrington, C.S., View from the Train to the 1950s as a simple, inexpensive method of producing Despatchers [sic] Office, 1898. Cyanotype. Boston & Albany R.R. - blueprints without a camera. It was also a popular way to Boston Yard Collection. Boston document botanical specimens. Athenæum. The cyanotype process was used to make quick proofs of negatives before an image was printed using other more expensive processes using silver or platinum. It was not considered acceptable for portrait or landscape photography. Read more: Schaaf, Larry. Out of the Shadows: Herschel, Talbot & the Invention of Photography. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992. See more: View cyanotypes of the Boston and Albany Railroad Company’s Boston Yard and the construction of South Station in the Boston Athenæum’s digital collections. ABOUT THE CYANOTYPE PROCESS The cyanotype process is based on the light-sensitive properties of iron. Two soluble iron compounds—potassium ferricyanide and ferric ammonium citrate—are mixed together with water and used to coat a surface with natural fibers, such as paper or fabric. -
Digital Negatives
MAKING A CYANOTYPE Troubleshooting - digital negatives Although making a basic negative in the computer is quite straightforward, there are a number of things that can go wrong. Below are some of the most common problems you can encounter. Also consider your own set-up and equipment when trying to find solutions. Bleed Stripes Too much ink on the film may cause the Too little ink on the transparency may cause negative to bleed and cause blur or fuzzy stripes on the negative, there is not enough lines. It happens when the material doesn’t ink to cover the area. absorb the ink. Solution: Use a printer setting with more ink, Solution: Use a printer setting with less ink, a higher lpi (the printers dpi) such as “Photo- such as “transparency”. graph, highest quality”. Too thin negative Too dense negative A faint image on the transparency when A near black image will result in a white you print it out may result in a too “thin” canvas when printed as a cyanotype. The negative. When printed the result will be a result will be a faint image, hardly visible. near dark blue image. Print two negatives and Make the negative a lot lighter or thinner use them on top of each other or try making a before printing it out. new negative altogether. 32 Blueprint to cyanotypes - Exploring a historical alternative photographic process © 2006 MAKING A CYANOTYPE Troubleshooting - printing My print disappeared when I rinsed the material! It could be that your exposure time is too short. Try doubling your exposure time or make a test strip to determine the right printing time. -
Chromogenic Characterization: a Study of Kodak Color Prints, 1942-2008
CHROMOGENIC CHARACTERIZATION: A STUDY OF KODAK COLOR PRINTS, 1942-2008 GAWAIN WEAVER AND ZACH LONG Presented at the 2009 PMG Winter Meeting in Tucson, Arizona ABSTRACT The Eastman Kodak Co. and their coupler-incorporated chromogenic print process, were nearly synonymous with the 20th century color snapshot. Introduced in 1942 and still manufactured today, samples of these prints from intervals across the manufacturing history were studied in detail in order to gain a fuller understanding of the material characteristics of this photographic process. The following aspects of the prints were examined: support, dye cloud structure, layer order, backprinting and stamps, dye and coupler stability, and fluorescence. The prints were documented overall and in cross-section under both visible and UV radiation, using an Olympus AX-70 compound microscope, and a Canon EOS 5D digital SLR. Changes in the print characteristics over time were documented and when possible, correlated to known technological developments. The documentation of these changes over time made it possible to date nearly any print to within a few years. Subsequent findings from this inquiry significantly add to the knowledge about these ubiquitous yet rarely studied photographic prints. INTRODUCTION The era of the color snapshot began in January 1942 when Kodak introduced Kodacolor--the first consumer-oriented mass production negative/positive color print process. The process, which produced fiber base color prints from color negatives, was dramatically simpler and cheaper than previous alternatives. One of the innovations of this new process was the use of coupler- incorporated negative film and print materials. Issues with color rendition and extremely poor dye stability plagued the process in its early years, though technological innovations led to gradual improvements in print quality and stability.