A Família Walton

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A Família Walton A FAMÍLIA WALTON Clara Lins Gomes Case da família investidora A Família Walton é hoje a família mais exemplo que se internacionalizou e consolidou rica do planeta. Em 2016, o valor total de seu os Walton como investidores de sucesso. patrimônio líquido estava avaliado em US$ 130 Histórico bi, segundo a Forbesi, sendo este Sam Walton, o patriarca da família majoritariamente composto pela WalMart - a investidora, cresceu sob o espectro da Grande família controla mais de 50% da corporação líder Depressão de 1929. Vindo de uma família de mundial em varejo e que deu origem à fortuna fazendeiros do Arkansas, desde cedo trabalhou familiar. Hoje, 90% dos norte-americanos vivem para contribuir com as despesas da família, tanto a menos de 15 milhas de alguma unidade do nas fazendas quanto em empregos externos. WalMart, que se tornou um símbolo do consumo Graduou-se em Economia pela Universidade de americano do século XX e mantém-se líder até Missouri, em 1940, com a perspectiva de ajudar hoje, prova do êxito da família ao gerenciar seu sua família que ainda enfrentava as patrimônio ao longo do tempo e de diferentes consequências da crise financeira. Recém- contextos. formado, Walton trabalhou em posições Poucas famílias conseguiram expandir gerenciais, mas pouco depois alistou-se nas seu império tão eficientemente e multiplicar a forças militares e serviu o exército durante a 2ª riqueza nas mesmas proporções em tão pouco Guerra Mundial. tempo. Em apenas 56 anos e em três gerações, o Após o final do conflito, em 1945, Sam patrimônio cresceu de poucas lojas para uma tornou-se gestor de uma loja de departamentos, grande variedade de ativos. Não somente a rede e logo em seguida adquiriu sua própria loja. Sam WalMart cresceu e está presente em 27 países, Walton foi reconhecido como visionário já em mas também foram incorporados novos sua juventude, trazendo grandes aumentos nas investimentos de diversos tipos, além de diversas vendas das duas unidades de mercados que outras empresas de varejo especializadas em adquiriu na década de 1940. Neste período, Bud determinados setores. O Sam’s Club é outro Walton, seu irmão, já figurava como seu sócio, e www.ineo.fo Todos os direitos reservados à Ineo Family Office Educação, Desenvolvimento e Governança Ltda A FAMÍLIA WALTON tornam-se juntos os proprietários dos sua fundação, o WalMart já somava US$44 empreendimentos adquiridos. Os irmãos milhões em vendas (em 1969). acumularam um conjunto de negócios do setor Ainda na década de 1960, a família varejista que agregava diferentes lojas, setores e Walton passou a diversificar fortemente seu mercados consumidores. patrimônio. Com a aquisição de dezenas de Nos anos 1950, quando se inicia a bancos em sua região, passou a prestar serviços chamada “Era de Ouro” do capitalismo, o país financeiros variados e criou o que mais tarde observa prosperidade econômica, aumento seria chamado de Arvest Bank. populacional e o surgimento do “american way Em 1972 o WalMart abriu seu capital na of living”, ou estilo de vida americano. O bolsa de valores, e em 1978 já somava US$ 1.24 consumo das massas cresce e se torna base da bilhão em vendasii. Outro marco importante para expansão da economia americana. Com isso, os a família Walton é a fundação do Sam’s Club, Walton decidem expandir sua rede de franquias rede de varejo com operação diferente da do beneficiando-se deste momento favorável e WalMart, em 1983. A rede visa atender o propício às suas vendas. pequeno comerciante, vendendo a atacado, mas Em 1962, ano de fundação da primeira também chegou ao consumidor final ao longo loja do WalMart, Sam Walton já possuía 16 dos anos. Em 2017, o Sam’s Club faturou US$ 57 outras lojas (sendo 15 franquias de uma única bilhõesiii. rede, a Ben Franklin) em três estados dos Estados Em toda a história da família, nota-se que Unidos, com a ajuda de seu irmão e sócio Bud e os Walton sempre tomaram a frente de seus outros membros da família que o auxiliavam nos negócios, colocando em prática a postura de negócios. O WalMart surge no estado do família investidora ao protagonizar a gestão de Arkansas com o lema de promover os maiores seu patrimônio – que se expandiu de algumas descontos aos americanos e garantir preços lojas para investimentos variados ao redor do acessíveis. Com o aumento do número de lojas, mundo década após década. Sam criou também uma empresa própria de A Família transportes, com uma frota de caminhões que serviriam somente ao abastecimento das lojas Sam Walton foi um líder desta família WalMart, diminuindo os custos e o tempo de investidora desde o início de sua trajetória, na reposição dos produtos. Apenas sete anos após década de 1940, até sua morte, em 1992. O patriarca foi um dos mais icônicos www.ineo.fo Todos os direitos reservados à Ineo Family Office Educação, Desenvolvimento e Governança Ltda A FAMÍLIA WALTON empreendedores norte-americanos, tornando- Foundation, é uma importante filantropa no se rapidamente o homem mais rico dos Estados mundo da arte, financiando museus e projetos Unidos, posição que manteve em anos relacionados. Alice Walton ainda fundou um consecutivos de 1982 a 1988. Faleceu em 1992, banco de investimentos, o Llama Company, que deixando como legado um império varejista e atuou de 1988 a 1998. Rob Walton foi presidente outros variados empreendimentos que tornaram do WalMart de 1992, após a morte do pai, até o portfólio da família diversificado. Sua esposa, 2015, quando foi substituído por Greg Penner, Helen Walton, teve importante papel na seu genro. Participou nos Comitês Executivo, de construção dos valores da família investidora, Compensação Global, de Planejamento que se refletiram no patrimônio. Exemplo disso Estratégico e de Finanças. Hoje, é um dos foi a implantação da participação nos lucros para diretores no conselho da Walton Family funcionários do WalMart, e as medidas tomadas Foundation. Jim Walton ocupa a presidência do pela Walton Family Foundation para melhorar as Arvest Bank e já foi diretor do Community condições de vida de comunidades pobres de Publishers Inc., empresa não mais em atividade. sua região. Em 1975, Jim passou a liderar a Walton Enterprises, ao que se dedica até hoje. Em 2016, Bud Walton teve importante papel como Jim possuía 152 milhões de ações do WalMart, sócio do irmão Sam ao adquirir as lojas e com valor aproximado de US$ 11 bilhões. mercados já na década de 1960. Suas filhas Ann Walton Kroenke e Nancy Walton Laurie são duas John Walton, outro filho de Sam e Helen, das herdeiras da família, mas não estão faleceu em 2005 em um acidente de avião. Mais envolvidas na gestão do patrimônio e seguiram de 80% de sua riqueza foi deixada ao seu filho carreiras independentes. Lukas Walton, um dos principais herdeiros da família, e parte foi destinada a fins filantrópicos. Jim Walton, Samuel Robson (Rob) Cerca de 17% de seu patrimônio foi destinado à Walton e Alice Walton, filhos de Sam e Helen esposa, Christy Walton, que desde então entrou Walton e membros da segunda geração, estão para a lista da Forbes como uma das mulheres ativos na gestão do patrimônio familiar. Entre mais ricas do mundo. eles, Alice Walton possui a maior fortuna – USD 41.5 bilhões em maio de 2018iv – e figura como Valores a mulher mais rica do mundo. Além de ser uma Sam e Helen Walton foram membros das diretoras no conselho da Walton Family muito ativos nas comunidades das cidades onde www.ineo.fo Todos os direitos reservados à Ineo Family Office Educação, Desenvolvimento e Governança Ltda A FAMÍLIA WALTON viveram, envolvendo-se nas atividades da igreja no dia a dia de seu patrimônio de forma prática. e em associações locais como o Rotary Club. Os Eventualmente os filhos passaram a fazer valores cristãos foram passados aos filhos, e investimentos nas próprias lojas, com suas refletem-se em algumas características que reservas, e tornavam-se familiarizados com o compõem o caráter dos membros e o capital patrimônio que herdariam. humano da família. Isso influenciou em medidas A segunda geração foi estimulada a adotadas posteriormente que visavam melhorar seguir suas próprias carreiras baseadas em seus a vida das pessoas com que conviviam, como a interesses, mas Sam também os encorajou a participação dos funcionários nos lucros de suas participar da gestão do patrimônio. Rob, por empresas e o desejo por retribuir os ganhos à exemplo, formou-se em direito e foi o primeiro sociedade através da filantropia, por exemplo. advogado do WalMart, e a partir de então Além da igreja, os herdeiros da família também se envolveu com a gerência da também foram inseridos em atividades de empresa. Jim Walton construiu uma carreira no socialização como grupos de escoteiros e prática mercado imobiliário, trabalhando neste setor de esportes coletivos, sendo estimulados a um para o WalMart, mas também participa da bom convívio com a comunidade. Dentro do gestão da Walton Enterprises, além da contexto da família, era de grande importância presidência do banco da família. Nota-se que, que os membros se mantivessem unidos e em apesar das diferentes carreiras seguidas, os harmonia, e Sam não mediu esforços para que familiares conseguiram aplica-las ao contexto do seus filhos fossem criados em um ambiente patrimônio e agregar capital intelectual a ele. doméstico acolhedor, valorizando o tempo Além disso, todos os membros participam do passado em família. WalMart e da Walton Enterprises em sociedade, permitindo que a família mantenha controle Sucessão Familiar sobre as companhias e não a torne fragmentada A participação direta dos membros da através da venda de muitas ações. A família investidora nos negócios é tradição transferência de propriedade foi feita de forma criada por Sam Walton, que apresentou os filhos gradual e logo no início do sucesso do WalMart, ao contexto de suas lojas desde cedo.
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