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Nation- and Image Building by the Rehoboth Basters
Nation- and Image Building by the Rehoboth Basters Negative bias concerning the Rehoboth Basters in literature Jeroen G. Zandberg Nation- and Image Building by the Rehoboth Basters Negative bias concerning the Rehoboth Basters in literature 1. Introduction Page 3 2. How do I define a negative biased statement? …………………..5 3. The various statements ……………………………………… 6 3.1 Huibregtse ……………………………………… ……. 6 3.2 DeWaldt ……………………………………………. 9 3.3 Barnard ……………………………………………. 12 3.4 Weiss ……………………………………………. 16 4. The consequences of the statements ………………………… 26 4.1 Membership application to the UNPO ……………27 4.2 United Nations ………………………………………29 4.3 Namibia ……………………………………………..31 4.4 Baster political identity ………………………………..34 5. Conclusion and recommendation ……………………………...…38 Bibliography …………………………………………………….41 Rehoboth journey ……………………………………………...43 Picture on front cover: The Kapteins Council in 1876. From left to right: Paul Diergaardt, Jacobus Mouton, Hermanus van Wijk, Christoffel van Wijk. On the table lies the Rehoboth constitution (the Paternal Laws) Jeroen Gerk Zandberg 2005 ISBN – 10: 9080876836 ISBN – 13: 9789080876835 2 1. Introduction The existence of a positive (self) image of a people is very important in the successful struggle for self-determination. An image can be constructed through various methods. This paper deals with the way in which an incorrect image of the Rehoboth Basters was constructed via the literature. Subjects that are considered interesting or popular, usually have a great number of different publications and authors. A large quantity of publications almost inevitably means that there is more information available on that specific topic. A large number of publications usually also indicates a great amount of authors who bring in many different views and interpretations. -
The Immediate and Long-Term Effects of Namibia's Colonization Process
The Immediate and Long-Term Effects of Namibia’s Colonization Process By: Jonathan Baker Honors Capstone Through Professor Taylor Politics of Sub-Saharan Africa Baker, 2 Table of Contents I. Authors Note II. Introduction III. Pre-Colonization IV. Colonization by Germany V. Colonization by South Africa VI. The Struggle for Independence VII. The Decolonization Process VIII. Political Changes- A Reaction to Colonization IX. Immediate Economic Changes Brought on by Independence X. Long Term Political Effects (of Colonization) XI. Long Term Cultural Effects XII. Long Term Economic Effects XIII. Prospects for the Future XIV. Conclusion XV. Bibliography XVI. Appendices Baker, 3 I. Author’s Note I learned such a great deal from this entire honors capstone project, that all the knowledge I have acquired can hardly be covered by what I wrote in these 50 pages. I learned so much more that I was not able to share both about Namibia and myself. I can now claim that I am knowledgeable about nearly all areas of Namibian history and life. I certainly am no expert, but after all of this research I can certainly consider myself reliable. I have never had such an extensive knowledge before of one academic area as a result of a school project. I also learned a lot about myself through this project. I learned how I can motivate myself to work, and I learned how I perform when I have to organize such a long and complicated paper, just to name a couple of things. The strange inability to be able to include everything I learned from doing this project is the reason for some of the more random appendices at the end, as I have a passion for both numbers and trivia. -
IMPACT REPORT a Word from the Founder and Director|
2017 - 2020 IMPACT REPORT A word from the founder and director| In October 2017 as we were preparing to launch a collaborative " network of journalists dedicated to pursuing and publishing the work of other reporters facing threats, prison or murder, prominent Maltese investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia was horrifically silenced with a car bomb. Her murder was a cruel and stark reminder of how tenuous the free flow of information can be when democratic systems falter. We added Daphne to the sad and long list of journalists whose work Forbidden Stories is committed to continuing. For five months, we coordinated a historic collaboration of 45 journalists from 18 news organizations, aimed at keeping Daphne Caruana Galizia’s stories alive. Her investigations, as a result of this, ended up on the front pages of the world’s most widely-read newspapers. Seventy-four million people heard about the Daphne Project worldwide. Although her killers had hoped to silence her stories, the stories ended up having an echo way further than Malta. LAURENT RICHARD Forbidden Stories' founder Three years later, the journalists of the Daphne Project continue and executive director. to publish new revelations about her murder and pursue the investigations she started. Their explosive role in taking down former Maltese high-ranking government officials confirms that collaboration is the best protection against impunity. 2 2017-2020 Forbidden Stories Impact Report A word from the founder and director| That’s why other broad collaborative On a smaller scale, we have investigations followed. developed rapid response projects. We investigated the circumstances The Green Blood Project, in 2019, pursued behind the murders of Ecuadorian, the stories of reporters in danger for Mexican and Ghanaian journalists; investigating environmental scandals. -
SADF Military Operations
SADF Military Operations 1975 -1989 Contents 1 List of operations of the South African Border War 1 2 Operation Savannah (Angola) 3 2.1 Background .............................................. 3 2.2 Military intervention .......................................... 4 2.2.1 Support for UNITA and FNLA ................................ 5 2.2.2 Ruacana-Calueque occupation ................................ 5 2.2.3 Task Force Zulu ........................................ 5 2.2.4 Cuban intervention ...................................... 6 2.2.5 South African reinforcements ................................. 6 2.2.6 End of South African advance ................................ 6 2.3 Major battles and incidents ...................................... 6 2.3.1 Battle of Quifangondo .................................... 7 2.3.2 Battle of Ebo ......................................... 7 2.3.3 “Bridge 14” .......................................... 7 2.3.4 Battle of Luso ......................................... 7 2.3.5 Battles involving Battlegroup Zulu in the west ........................ 8 2.3.6 Ambrizete incident ...................................... 8 2.4 Aftermath ............................................... 8 2.5 South African order of battle ..................................... 9 2.6 Association .............................................. 9 2.7 Further reading ............................................ 9 2.8 References ............................................... 9 3 Operation Bruilof 13 3.1 Background ............................................. -
South Africa's Defence Industry 2006
November 2006 South Africa’s Defence Industry 2006 Defence Contents November 2006 Defining the defence-related industries 3 The development of South Africa’s defence-related industries 4 Nature and structure of South Africa’s defence-related industries 8 – Industry players 8 – Nature and structure of the defence industry 9 – Defence budget 10 – Defence exports and imports 11 – Employment 14 – International partnerships 15 – Civilian technology 16 – Diversification 16 – Black economic empowerment (BEE) 17 Strategic defence acquisition package 18 – The contracts 19 • The Gripen contract 19 • The Hawk contract 19 • The light utility helicopter contract 19 • The Corvette contract 20 • The submarine contract 20 • The maritime patrol helicopter contract 21 – Industrial participation requirements of the deal 21 • Hawk and Gripen offsets 23 • Helicopter offsets 26 • Corvette offsets 27 • Submarine offsets 28 • Maritime helicopter offsets 29 – Evaluation of the offset deals 30 Main participants 34 – Armscor 34 – Denel 38 – Saab Grintek 44 – Reunert 47 www.researchchannel.co.za Defence Contents November 2006 – Advanced Technologies and Engineering (ATE) 48 – African Defence Systems (ADS) 49 – Land Systems OMC (formerley known as Alvis OMC) 49 – Tellumat 50 Main sources 52 www.researchchannel.co.za Defence November 2006 List of abbreviations ADS – African Defence Systems AISI – Aerospace Industry Support Initiative AMS – Aerospace Monitoring & Systems ATE – Advanced Technologies & Engineering AMD – African Aerospace, Maritime and Defence Industries -
Namibia and Angola: Analysis of a Symbiotic Relationship Hidipo Hamutenya*
Namibia and Angola: Analysis of a symbiotic relationship Hidipo Hamutenya* Introduction Namibia and Angola have much in common, but, at the same time, they differ greatly. For example, both countries fought colonial oppression and are now independent; however, one went through civil war, while the other had no such experience. Other similarities include the fact that the former military groups (Angola’s Movimiento Popular para la Liberacão de Angola, or MPLA, and Namibia’s South West Africa People’s Organisation, or SWAPO) are now in power in both countries. At one time, the two political movements shared a common ideological platform and lent each other support during their respective liberation struggles. The two countries are also neighbours, with a 1,376-km common border that extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Zambezi River in the west. Families and communities on both sides of the international boundary share resources, communicate, trade and engage in other types of exchange. All these facts point to a relationship between the two countries that goes back many decades, and continues strongly today. What defines this relationship and what are the crucial elements that keep it going? Angola lies on the Atlantic coast of south-western Africa. It is richly endowed with natural resources and measures approximately 1,246,700 km2 in land surface area. Populated with more than 14 million people, Angola was a former Portuguese colony. Portuguese explorers first came to Angola in 1483. Their conquest and exploitation became concrete when Paulo Dias de Novais erected a colonial settlement in Luanda in 1575. -
THE BÊTE NOIRE of ORGANIZED CRIME © Pexel.Com © Pexel.Com CONTENTS CONTENTS
1 JOURNALISTS: THE BÊTE NOIRE OF ORGANIZED CRIME © Pexel.com CONTENTS Foreword 4 Shut up or die Crime terminology 6 Mafias and cartels Disturbing figures 1. Emergence of a European mafia 8 Murders in three EU countries in less than a year 8 • Slovakia: Ján Kuciak wasn’t just annoying the ‘Ndrangheta • Malta: symbol of persecution of investigative journalists • Bulgaria: journalist’s murder under investigation Organized crime tightens hold on many European countries 12 • In Italy: Saviano, Borrometi and 194 others • Two journalists protected around the clock in the Netherlands • France not spared Balkan journalists and Russian mob 19 • Jovo Martinovic in Montenegro • Albania: smeared, hounded and threatened, Alida Tota keeps going Soft control: infiltrating the media 20 • A Bulgarian deputy and oligarch’s media empire 2. Take care, subject off limits 22 Drug cartels show no pity towards journalists 22 • At least 32 Mexican journalists killed by cartels since 2012 • Colombia: no-go areas Environmental journalists targeted by local gangs 24 • India’s sand mafia sows death • Journalists versus Cambodia’s sand cartels • John Grobler runs into Cosa Nostra in Namibia © Pexel.com Organized crime allied with corrupt businessmen and politicians 27 • Poland: Tomasz Piatek versus Russian mafia • Russia: politicians and hitmen • Turkey: pro-government gangster’s blacklist Japanese media keep mum about the yakuza 30 • Yakuza – they who shall not be named 3 • Interview with US journalist Jake Adelstein: “The yakuza use the media as an instrument of -
The Taxation of Trusts in Sadc Member States
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Stellenbosch University SUNScholar Repository 2018 (2) StellLR 270 THE TAXATION OF TRUSTS IN SADC MEMBER STATES Izelle du Plessis BCom (Law) LLB LLM (Taxation) LLD (Stell) Senior Lecturer: Department of Mercantile Law, Stellenbosch University. 1 Introduction It is generally acknowledged that the trust1 originated in the English law.2 Yet, trusts are used (or at least recognised) in most jurisdictions worldwide.3 In fact, many Southern African Development Community (“SADC”) member states4 use trusts. Evidence of the use of trusts was found in Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius Namibia, Seychelles, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Perhaps this is not surprising, taking into account the influence of the English law on many of its former colonies.5 Despite a concerted effort, no indication could be found that trusts are used in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar or Mozambique. Although it may be possible that relevant information was missed due to language barriers,6 a more likely explanation is that trusts are unknown in these states, because the law in these states is based primarily on civilian principles, or were significantly influenced by civilian principles. Consequently, this articleis limited to a 1 For purposes of this article, the rather broad and general definition of a trust, as found in article 2 of Hague Convention on the Law Applicable to Trusts and on their Recognition (adopted on 1 July 1985, entered into force 1 January 1992), will be used. This definition reads as follows: “For the purposes of this Convention, the term ‘trust’ refers to the legal relationships created – inter vivos or on death – by a person, the settlor, when assets have been placed under the control of a trustee for the benefit of a beneficiary or for a specified purpose. -
100 Years Since the End of German Colonial Rule in Namibia, The
100 years since the end of German colonial rule in Namibia, the relationship between the former colonial power and the Namibian communities who were affected by its brutal colonial policies remains problematic, and interpretations of the past are still contested. This book examines the ongoing debates, conflicts and confrontations over the past. It scrutinises the consequences of German colonial rule, its impact on the descendants of victims of the 1904–08 genocide, Germany’s historical responsibility, and ways in which post-colonial reconciliation might be achieved. REINHART KÖSSLER is currently Director of the Arnold Bergstraesser Institute and Professor in the Politics Department of the University of Freiburg, Germany. His research includes social and development theory, political sociology and memory politics. Namibia and Germany: Negotiating the Past Reinhart Kössler University of Namibia Press www.unam.edu.na/unam-press [email protected] Private Bag 13301 Windhoek Namibia © Reinhart Kössler, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form, or by any means, e.g. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author. First published: 2015 Cover photograph: Nicola Brandt, Spectre (2013), from her exhibition The Earth Inside, National Art Gallery of Namibia, 2014 Cover design: Steffen List Copy-editing: Tara Elyssa Design and layout: Vivien Barnes, Handmade Communications Printed by: John Meinert Printers, Windhoek ISBN 978-99916-42-09-3 Distributed internationally by the African Books Collective: www.africanbookscollective.com Westfälisches Dampfboot Verlag, Freiburg, has the English language rights for Germany, Austria and Switzerland: www.dampfboot-verlag.de ‘Even in brutality the inherited dress is sacred. -
The Panama Papers and Investigative Journalism in Africa Lessons Learned from and About the Data
3. The role of open data THE PANAMA PAPERS AND INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM IN AFRICA LESSONS LEARNED FROM AND ABOUT THE DATA LESSONS LEARNED PAPER Summary Governments are tasked to raise and spend tax revenues wisely to improve the lives of all citizens. However, all too often resources are allocated to the few and away from the many who are most in need. Such discrimination needs to be documented and made transparent. Opening up data can help to facilitate the process. Data can often tell us the basics: the who, what, where, when and why of financial transactions. And investigative reporters can use data to provide answers to these crucial questions, and to mobilise citizens and institutions to hold the offenders to account. The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), together with the German newspaper Suddeutsche Zeitung and more than 100 other media partners, spent a year sifting through 11.5 million leaked files from the Panama-based law firm Mossack Fonseca to expose the reported offshore holdings of world leadersand details of hidden financial dealings. The leaked data was commonly referred to as the Panama Papers. The African Network of Centers for Investigative Reporting (ANCIR), supported by funders such as the World Wide Web Foundation and Open Society Initiative of West Africa, coordinated and developed investigations in Africa. The Panama Papers project was the first time a major transnational investigation was coherently and collectively represented by journalists within the African countries being written about. This paper summarises the lessons learned from the African investigations of the Panama Papers, both in terms of what we learned about doing investigative data journalism in Africa and in terms of what those investigations revealed about the reported offshore holdings of the powerful and the deliberately complex governance structures allegedly set up to conceal the flow of money. -
Otto Skorzeny Dubbed “The Most Dangerous Man in Europe”
Military Despatches Vol 26 August 2019 Technicals The vehicular equivalent of the AK-47 What if... Cancelled operations that could have changed history Monte Cassino Some lesser known facts Otto Skorzeny Dubbed “the most dangerous man in Europe” For the military enthusiast CONTENTS August 2019 Page 14 Page 22 Click on any video below to view How much do you know about movie theme songs? Take our quiz and find out. Hipe’s Wouter de The old South African Goede interviews former Defence Force used 28’s gang boss David a mixture of English, A South African on D-Day Williams. Afrikaans, slang and German OnSpecial 6th June 1944 Forces a number of South Afri- techno-speak that few cans took part in D-Day. outside the military could hope to under- stand. Some of the terms Features were humorous, some were clever, while others 6 were downright crude. Top Ten cancelled operations In the quest to end a war or con- 34 flict as quickly as possible, in- Rank Structure Part of Hipe’s “On the genious battle plans are drawn This month we look at the Ger- couch” series, this is an up all the time. We look at ten man Armed Forces. interview with one of cancelled military operations that could have changed histo- author Herman Charles 44 Bosman’s most famous ry. 26 A matter of survival characters, Oom Schalk 14 This month we’re looking at Technical Tactics A taxi driver was shot Lourens. Hipe spent time in the second part of an article on Special Forces - Germany Dubbed the vehicular equiva- dead in an ongoing Hanover Park, an area Part Six of a series that takes hunting. -
EU Tank Breaks Cover
+(@ +(03@ VENDREDI 15 JUIN FRIDAY 15 JUNE Cerberus, véhicule 6x4 anti-émeutes page 3 EU tank New projectiles for Spanish Army will fire further breaks cover page 14 fter being kept under wraps, mobility and firing trials, the latter The first of these is the Athe French-German KNDS performed in Portugal, with 22 follow-on to the Leopard 2/ Group (Krauss-Maffei Wegmann rounds fired from the 120mm Leclerc MBT, which is called the + Nexter Defense Systems) has smoothbore gun. Main Ground Combat System and unveiled its first joint project, the The standard Leopard 2A7 has a potential in-service date EMBT, or European Main Battle has a three-person turret armed of around 2035. This could well Tank. Essentially a technology with a manually loaded 120mm be brought forward because the demonstrator, with further smoothbore gun, whereas the design of these two MBTs is now development, “the EMBT is a Leclerc turret is fitted with a many years old and the point will Radio logicielle tactique short-term response to the 120mm smoothbore gun fed by a be reached where they can no TRICS operational need of the market bustle-mounted automatic loader. longer be upgraded. page 5 for high-intensity battle tanks”. The Leclerc turret is lighter and The second programme is the The EMBT consists of the KMW more compact, which reduces the future artillery system. Called the Leopard 2A7 MBT platform fitted combined weight by six tonnes. Common Indirect Fire System, &0, '()(1&( with the Nexter Leclerc MBT According to KNDS, the this has a number of elements, turret.