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Standards4quantum Making Quantum Technology Ready for Industry #Standards4Quantum Making Quantum Technology Ready for Industry Putting Science into Standards Andreas Jenet, Christian Trefzger, Adam Miles Lewis, Fabio Taucer, Luc Van Den Berghe, Aisha Tüchler, Marius Loeffler, Samira Nik 2020 EUR 30196 EN This publication is a Conference and Workshop report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. EU Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC118197 EUR 30196 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-76-18452-2 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2760/882029 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 © European Union, 2020 The reuse policy of the European Commission is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the EU, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. All content © European Union, 2020, except: Page 5, Figure 1. Goldstein, NIST, 2019 Source: Presentation during the PSIS workshop How to cite this report: Jenet, A., Trefzger, C., Lewis, A.M., Taucer, F., Van Den Berghe, L., Tüchler, A., Loeffler, M. and Nik, S., Standards4Quantum: Making Quantum Technology Ready for Industry: Putting Science into Standards, EUR 30196 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2020, ISBN 978-92-76- 18452-2, doi:10.2760/882029, JRC118197 Contents Foreword .............................................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................ 2 Abstract ............................................................................................................... 3 1 Putting Science Into Standards ............................................................................ 4 2 The PSIS Workshop on Quantum Technologies ...................................................... 5 3 Session 1: A revolution, without standards? .......................................................... 7 3.1 Quantum race: initiatives in the world ............................................................ 7 3.2 European quantum fleet ............................................................................... 8 3.3 Standardisation processes .......................................................................... 10 3.4 Standardisation lessons learnt from the Graphene flagship ............................. 11 3.5 Standardisation lessons learnt from the private sector .................................... 12 4 Session 2: Quantum security meets standardisation ............................................ 14 4.1 Progress of standardisation activities in quantum security fields ...................... 14 4.2 Discussion ................................................................................................ 15 5 Session 3: Quantum metrology, sensing and imaging meets standardisation .......... 17 5.1 Quantum Metrology, Sensing and Imaging applications .................................. 18 5.1.1 Nitrogen-vacancy centres in nanodiamonds ........................................... 18 5.1.2 Atomic vapour cell sensors .................................................................. 18 5.1.3 Ultra-cold atoms for optical atomic and lattice clocks .............................. 18 5.1.4 Single-photon sources and detectors .................................................... 19 5.2 Needs and opportunities for standardisation in metrology, sensing and imaging 19 5.2.1 What standards and how they benefit? ................................................. 19 5.2.2 How and where can standardisation be conducted? ................................ 19 5.3 Discussion ................................................................................................ 20 6 Session 4: Opportunities for Standardisation in other quantum fields ..................... 22 6.1 Discussion ................................................................................................ 24 7 Concluding Remarks and way forward ................................................................ 25 7.1 General conclusions ................................................................................... 25 7.2 Next Steps ................................................................................................ 27 References ......................................................................................................... 28 List of figures ...................................................................................................... 29 List of tables ....................................................................................................... 30 List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 31 Annexes ............................................................................................................. 33 Annex 1. Workshop programme ........................................................................ 33 Annex 2. Participants list .................................................................................. 35 Annex 3. Invited speakers ................................................................................ 37 i Foreword On 28 March 2019 for the first time nearly 80 quantum physicist and experts from different European countries working in different quantum disciplines gathered at the 6th ‘Putting Science into Standards’ Workshop to discuss how to bring their inventions to the market to complete the pathway of innovation. More than 6 years ago, the European Committee for Standardization, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission initiated the Putting-Science-Into-Standards annual workshop series, bringing the scientific, industrial, and standardisation communities together. These workshops aim at facilitating the identification of emerging science and technology areas that could benefit from standardisation activities to enable innovation and promote industrial competitiveness. Six workshops have been held since 2013 in different fields of science, with the most recent one organized in Brussels on 28-29 March 2019 on Quantum Technologies. This year’s Putting-Science-Into-Standards Workshop on Quantum Technologies anticipated future standardisation needs in quantum technologies and kick-started a forum for the discussion of priorities, particular technologies and the drafting of a potential standardisation roadmap. The Quantum Technology Flagship and its sponsor European Commission’s Directorate- General Communications Networks, Content and Technology profited from the Joint Research Centre’s unique position of being on the one side integrated in the Quantum Flagship science community, and on the other side active in technical committees of European and International Standardisation Organisations. 1 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the speakers Ruggero Lensi (CEN-CENELEC), Maive Rute (JRC), Pascal Maillot (DG CNECT), Tommaso Calarco (QT Flagship/ Forschungszentrum Jülich), Rogier Verberk (Quantum Flagship/TNO), Werner Bergholz (Graphene Flagship/ISC), Nicolas Gisin (University of Geneva), Barbara Goldstein (NIST), Joachim Lonien (DIN), Sean Kwak (IDQ), Hannes Hübel (AIT), Martin Ward (Toshiba), Miguel Bañón (Epoche & Espri), Thierry Debuisschert (Thales Group), Jakob Reichel (Sorbonne University), Ivo Pietro Degiovanni (INRIM), Stefan Kück (PTB), Stephanie Wehner (QuTech), Peter Müller (IBM), Mikael Hjalmarson (SIS), Thomas Monz (AQT) for their presentations, the moderator Alex Puissant and the harvesters Stephanie Wehner, Jonas Helsen (QuTech), Marco Gramegna (INRIM), Adam Lewis (JRC) for their contributions and all the participants for their active involvement during the event and validation of the report. The workshop would not have been a success without the contribution of Christian Goroncy (DIN), Daniela Abetung, Angel Alvarez Martinez, Sofia Pereira, Alexandre Gerez (all JRC), Ashok Ganesh, Christine Van Vlierden and Els Somers (all CEN-CENELEC). The workshop participants validated the workshop report and its conclusions and additional comments were included. 2 Abstract The Quantum Technologies Flagship, officially launched on 29 October 2018
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